MCP606/7/8/9 2.5V to 6.0V Micropower CMOS Op Amp Features Description * Low Input Offset Voltage: 250 V (maximum) * Rail-to-Rail Output * Low Input Bias Current: 80 pA (maximum at +85C) * Low Quiescent Current: 25 A (maximum) * Power Supply Voltage: 2.5V to 6.0V * Unity-Gain Stable * Chip Select (CS) Capability: MCP608 * Industrial Temperature Range: -40C to +85C * No Phase Reversal * Available in Single, Dual and Quad Packages The MCP606/7/8/9 family of operational amplifiers (op amps) from Microchip Technology Inc. are unity-gain stable with low offset voltage (250 V, maximum). Performance characteristics include rail-to-rail output swing capability and low input bias current (80 pA at +85C, maximum). These features make this family of op amps well suited for single-supply, precision, high-impedance, battery-powered applications. Typical Applications * * * * * Battery Power Instruments High-Impedance Applications Strain Gauges Medical Instruments Test Equipment Package Types MCP606 PDIP, SOIC,TSSOP Design Aids * * * * * SPICE Macro Models FilterLab(R) Software MindiTM Circuit Designer & Simulator Analog Demonstration and Evaluation Boards Application Notes Typical Application V OUT = V LM + I L R RG 5 k SEN ( RF RG ) RF 50 k IL To Load (VLP) 2.5V to 6.0V VOUT RSEN 10 MCP606 To Load (VLM) Low-Side Battery Current Sensor (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. The single is available in standard 8-lead PDIP, SOIC and TSSOP packages, as well as in a SOT-23-5 package. The single MCP608 with Chip Select (CS) is offered in the standard 8-lead PDIP, SOIC and TSSOP packages. The dual MCP607 is offered in the standard 8-lead PDIP, SOIC and TSSOP packages. Finally, the quad MCP609 is offered in the standard 14-lead PDIP, SOIC and TSSOP packages. All devices are fully specified from -40C to +85C, with power supplies from 2.5V to 6.0V. NC VIN- VIN+ VSS 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 NC VDD VOUT NC MCP607 PDIP, SOIC,TSSOP VOUTA VINA- VINA+ VSS 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 MCP606 SOT-23-5 VOUT 1 VSS 2 VIN+ 3 5 VDD 4 VIN- MCP608 PDIP, SOIC,TSSOP NC 1 VDD VOUTB VIN- 2 VINB- VIN+ 3 VINB+ VSS 4 8 7 6 5 CS VDD VOUT NC MCP609 PDIP, SOIC,TSSOP VOUTA VINA- VINA+ VDD VINB+ VINB- VOUTB 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 14 VOUTD 13 VIND- 12 VIND+ 11 VSS 10 VINC+ 9 VINC- 8 VOUTC DS11177F-page 1 MCP606/7/8/9 NOTES: DS11177F-page 2 (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP606/7/8/9 1.0 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS VDD - VSS ........................................................................7.0V Notice: Stresses above those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at those or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Current at Input Pins ....................................................2 mA See Section 4.1.2 "Input Voltage and Current Limits". Absolute Maximum Ratings Analog Inputs (VIN+, VIN-) ........ VSS - 1.0V to VDD + 1.0V All Other Inputs and Outputs ......... VSS - 0.3V to VDD + 0.3V Difference Input Voltage ...................................... |VDD - VSS| Output Short Circuit Current ................................ Continuous Current at Output and Supply Pins ............................30 mA Storage Temperature ................................. -65 C to +150 C Maximum Junction Temperature (TJ)........................ .+150 C ESD Protection On All Pins (HBM; MM) .............. 3 kV; 200V DC CHARACTERISTICS Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = +2.5V to +5.5V, VSS = GND, TA = +25C, VCM = VDD/2, VOUT VDD/2, VL = VDD/2, RL = 100 k to VL, and CS is tied low (refer to Figure 1-2 and Figure 1-3). Parameters Sym Min Typ Max Units Conditions Input Offset VOS -250 -- +250 VOS/TA -- 1.8 -- PSRR 80 93 -- Input Bias Current IB -- 1 -- pA At Temperature IB -- -- 80 pA Input Offset Bias Current IOS -- 1 -- pA Common Mode Input Impedance ZCM -- 1013||6 -- ||pF Differential Input Impedance ZDIFF -- 1013||6 -- ||pF Common Mode Input Range VCMR VSS - 0.3 VDD - 1.1 V CMRR 75 dB Common Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR 75 91 -- dB VDD = 5V, VCM = -0.3V to 3.9V DC Open-Loop Gain (Large-signal) AOL 105 121 -- dB RL = 25 k to VL, VOUT = 50 mV to VDD - 50 mV DC Open-Loop Gain (Large-signal) AOL 100 118 -- dB RL = 5 k to VL, VOUT = 0.1V to VDD - 0.1V VOL, VOH VSS + 15 -- VDD - 20 mV RL = 25 k to VL, 0.5V input overdrive VOL, VOH VSS + 45 -- VDD - 60 mV RL = 5 k to VL, 0.5V input overdrive VOUT VSS + 50 -- VDD - 50 mV RL = 25 k to VL, AOL 105 dB VOUT VSS + 100 -- VDD - 100 mV RL = 5 k to VL, AOL 100 dB ISC -- 7 -- mA VDD = 2.5V ISC -- 17 -- mA VDD = 5.5V VDD 2.5 -- 6.0 V IQ -- 18.7 25 A Input Offset Voltage Input Offset Drift with Temperature Power Supply Rejection Ratio V V/C TA = -40C to +85C dB Input Bias Current and Impedance TA = +85C Common Mode Open-Loop Gain Output Maximum Output Voltage Swing Linear Output Voltage Range Output Short Circuit Current Power Supply Supply Voltage Quiescent Current per Amplifier Note 1: IO = 0 All parts with date codes November 2007 and later have been screened to ensure operation at VDD = 6.0V. However, the other minimum and maximum specifications are measured at 2.5V and 5.5V. (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. DS11177F-page 3 MCP606/7/8/9 AC CHARACTERISTICS Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = +2.5V to +5.5V, VSS = GND, TA = +25C, VCM = VDD/2, VOUT VDD/2, VL = VDD/2, RL = 100 k to VL and CL = 60 pF, and CS is tied low (refer to Figure 1-2 and Figure 1-3). Parameters Sym Min Typ Max Units Conditions AC Response Gain Bandwidth Product GBWP -- 155 -- kHz Phase Margin PM -- 62 -- Slew Rate SR -- 0.08 -- V/s Input Noise Voltage Eni -- 2.8 -- VP-P Input Noise Voltage Density eni -- 38 -- nV/Hz f = 1 kHz Input Noise Current Density ini -- 3 -- fA/Hz f = 1 kHz G = +1 V/V Noise f = 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz MCP608 CHIP SELECT CHARACTERISTICS Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = +2.5V to +5.5V, VSS = GND, TA = +25C, VCM = VDD/2, VOUT VDD/2, VL = VDD/2, RL = 100 k to VL and CL = 60 pF, and CS is tied low (refer to Figure 1-2 and Figure 1-3). Parameters Sym Min Typ Max Units Conditions CS Logic Threshold, Low VIL VSS -- 0.2 VDD V CS Input Current, Low ICSL -0.1 0.01 -- A CS Logic Threshold, High VIH 0.8 VDD -- VDD V CS Input Current, High ICSH -- 0.01 0.1 A CS = VDD ISS -2 -0.05 -- A CS = VDD IO(LEAK) -- 10 -- nA CS = VDD CS Low to Amplifier Output Turn-on Time tON -- 9 100 s CS = 0.2VDD to VOUT = 0.9 VDD/2, G = +1 V/V, RL = 1 k to VSS CS High to Amplifier Output Hi-Z tOFF -- 0.1 -- s CS = 0.8VDD to VOUT = 0.1 VDD/2, G = +1 V/V, RL = 1 k to VSS VHYST -- 0.6 -- V VDD = 5.0V CS Low Specifications CS = 0.2VDD CS High Specifications CS Input High, GND Current Amplifier Output Leakage, CS High CS Dynamic Specifications CS Hysteresis VIH VIL CS tOFF tON VOUT Hi-Z ISS -50 nA (typical) ICS -50 nA (typical) Hi-Z -18.7 A (typical) -50 nA (typical) -50 nA (typical) FIGURE 1-1: Timing Diagram for the CS Pin on the MCP608. DS11177F-page 4 (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP606/7/8/9 TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = +2.5V to +5.5V and VSS = GND. Parameters Sym Min Typ Max Units Conditions Temperature Ranges Specified Temperature Range TA -40 -- +85 C Operating Temperature Range TA -40 -- +125 C Storage Temperature Range TA -65 -- +150 C Thermal Resistance, 5L-SOT23 JA -- 220.7 -- C/W Thermal Resistance, 8L-PDIP JA -- 89.3 -- C/W Thermal Resistance, 8L-SOIC JA -- 149.5 -- C/W Thermal Resistance, 8L-TSSOP JA -- 139 -- C/W Thermal Resistance, 14L-PDIP JA -- 70 -- C/W Thermal Resistance, 14L-SOIC JA -- 95.3 -- C/W Thermal Resistance, 14L-TSSOP JA -- 100 -- C/W Note 1 Thermal Package Resistances Note 1: 1.1 The MCP606/7/8/9 operate over this extended temperature range, but with reduced performance. In any case, the Junction Temperature (TJ) must not exceed the Absolute Maximum specification of +150C. Test Circuits The test circuits used for the DC and AC tests are shown in Figure 1-2 and Figure 1-3. The bypass capacitors are laid out according to the rules discussed in Section 4.5 "Supply Bypass". VDD VIN RN 0.1 F 1 F VOUT MCP60X CL VDD/2 RG RL RF VL FIGURE 1-2: AC and DC Test Circuit for Most Non-Inverting Gain Conditions. VDD VDD/2 RN 0.1 F 1 F VOUT MCP60X CL VIN RG RL RF VL FIGURE 1-3: AC and DC Test Circuit for Most Inverting Gain Conditions. (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. DS11177F-page 5 MCP606/7/8/9 NOTES: DS11177F-page 6 (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP606/7/8/9 2.0 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES Note: The graphs and tables provided following this note are a statistical summary based on a limited number of samples and are provided for informational purposes only. The performance characteristics listed herein are not tested or guaranteed. In some graphs or tables, the data presented may be outside the specified operating range (e.g., outside specified power supply range) and therefore outside the warranted range. 16% 14% 12% Percentage of Occurances 16% 1200 Samples VDD = 5.5V 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 250 200 150 100 50 0 -50 -100 -150 -200 0% -250 Percentage of Occurances ( ) Note: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = +2.5V to +5.5V, VSS = GND, TA = +25C, VCM = VDD/2, VOUT VDD/2, VL = VDD/2, RL = 100 k to VL, CL = 60 pF, and CS is tied low. 14% 206 Samples VDD = 5.5V 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% -8 -6 Input Offset Voltage (V) 14% 12% Input Offset Voltage at 18% 1200 Samples VDD = 2.5V 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 250 200 150 100 50 0 -50 -100 -150 -200 0% 16% 14% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 Input Offset Voltage Drift (V/C) 8 FIGURE 2-5: Input Offset Voltage Drift Magnitude at VDD = 2.5V. 24 TA = +85C TA = +25C TA = -40C Quiescent Current per Amplifier (A) Quiescent Current per Amplifier (A) 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Input Offset Voltage at 206 Samples VDD = 2.5V 12% Input Offset Voltage (V) FIGURE 2-2: VDD = 2.5V. 8 FIGURE 2-4: Input Offset Voltage Drift Magnitude at VDD = 5.5V. Percentage of Occurances 16% -250 Percentage of Occurances ( ) FIGURE 2-1: VDD = 5.5V. -4 -2 0 2 4 6 Input Offset Voltage Drift (V/C) 22 VDD = 5.5V 20 18 16 VDD = 2.5V 14 12 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 Power Supply Voltage (V) FIGURE 2-3: Quiescent Current vs. Power Supply Voltage. (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 Ambient Temperature (C) FIGURE 2-6: Quiescent Current vs. Ambient Temperature. DS11177F-page 7 MCP606/7/8/9 Note: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = +2.5V to +5.5V, VSS = GND, TA = +25C, VCM = VDD/2, VOUT VDD/2, VL = VDD/2, RL = 100 k to VL, CL = 60 pF, and CS is tied low. 120 Input Offset Voltage (V) VDD =2.5V VDD = 5.5V 300 200 100 Representative Part 20 0 FIGURE 2-10: Input Offset Voltage vs. Common Mode Input Voltage. 0 Gain 60 -45 Phase 40 -90 20 -135 0 -180 -20 0.01 0.1 FIGURE 2-8: vs. Frequency. 80 40 60 30 40 20 20 10 VDD = 5.0V -50 -25 0 25 50 75 0 100 FIGURE 2-11: Gain Bandwidth Product, Phase Margin vs. Ambient Temperature. Input Noise Voltage Density (nV/Hz) Channel to Channel Separation (dB) 140 130 120 110 100 90 DS11177F-page 8 50 Ambient Temperature (C) Open-Loop Gain and Phase FIGURE 2-9: Channel-to-Channel Separation (MCP607 and MCP609 only). 60 Phase Margin 100 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M Frequency (Hz) Referred to Input 80 100 1k 10k 1.E+02 1.E+03 1.E+04 Frequency (Hz) 70 GBWP 120 0 -225 1 80 140 Phase Margin () 80 45 160 Gain Bandwidth Product (kHz) 100 90 Open-Loop Phase () Open-Loop Gain (dB) RL = 25 k 5.0 Common Mode Input Voltage (V) FIGURE 2-7: Input Offset Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature. 120 4.5 100 4.0 75 3.5 50 3.0 25 Ambient Temperature (C) 2.5 -20 2.0 0 40 1.5 -25 60 1.0 -50 TA = +85C TA = +25C TA = -40C 80 0.5 0 VDD = 5.5V 100 0.0 400 -0.5 Input Offset Voltage (V) 500 100k 1.E+05 1000 100 10 1 10 1.E+02 100 1.E+03 1k 1.E+04 10k 1.E+05 100k 0.1 1.E+00 1.E-01 1.E+01 Frequency (Hz) FIGURE 2-12: vs. Frequency. Input Noise Voltage Density (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP606/7/8/9 Note: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = +2.5V to +5.5V, VSS = GND, TA = +25C, VCM = VDD/2, VOUT VDD/2, VL = VDD/2, RL = 100 k to VL, CL = 60 pF, and CS is tied low. 60 VDD = 5.5V VCM = VDD Input Bias and Offset Currents (pA) Input Bias and Offset Currents (pA) 100 10 IB 1 | IOS | 0.1 40 20 10 IOS 0 -10 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 Common Mode Input Voltage (V) Ambient Temperature (C) FIGURE 2-13: Input Bias Current, Input Offset Current vs. Ambient Temperature. FIGURE 2-16: Input Bias Current, Input Offset Current vs. Common Mode Input Voltage. 135 DC Open-Loop Gain (dB) 150 130 125 120 VDD = 5.5V 115 110 VDD = 2.5V 105 1k 10k 1.E+03 1.E+04 Load Resistance () FIGURE 2-14: Load Resistance. 130 120 110 100 80 CMRR 60 Power Supply Voltage (V) FIGURE 2-17: DC Open-Loop Gain vs. Power Supply Voltage. 100 PSRRPSRR+ 100 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 100k 1.E+05 DC Open-Loop Gain vs. 120 40 20 0 0.1 1.E-01 RL = 25 k 140 90 100 100 1.E+02 CMRR and PSRR (dB) DC Open-Loop Gain (dB) IB 30 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 CMRR and PSRR (dB) TA = 85C VDD = 5.5V 50 95 PSRR 90 CMRR 85 80 75 1 1.E+00 FIGURE 2-15: Frequency. 10 100 1.E+01 1.E+02 Frequency (Hz) 1k 1.E+03 CMRR, PSRR vs. (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. 10k 1.E+04 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 Ambient Temperature (C) FIGURE 2-18: Temperature. CMRR, PSRR vs. Ambient DS11177F-page 9 MCP606/7/8/9 Note: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = +2.5V to +5.5V, VSS = GND, TA = +25C, VCM = VDD/2, VOUT VDD/2, VL = VDD/2, RL = 100 k to VL, CL = 60 pF, and CS is tied low. 40 VDD = 2.5V 100 VDD = 5.5V VDD - VOH VOL - VSS 10 Output Voltage Headroom (mV) Output Voltage Headroom (mV) 1000 0.1 1 10 Output Current (mA) 30 VDD - VOH 25 VDD = 5.5V 20 15 VDD = 2.5V 10 VOL - VSS 5 -50 100 FIGURE 2-19: Output Voltage Headroom vs. Output Current Magnitude. VDD = 2.5V 1 0.1 100 1.E+02 1k 10k 1.E+03 1.E+04 Frequency (Hz) 100k 1.E+05 FIGURE 2-20: Maximum Output Voltage Swing vs. Frequency. 0.10 Low to High 0.08 High to Low 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 Ambient Temperature (C) FIGURE 2-21: Temperature. DS11177F-page 10 5 Slew Rate vs. Ambient 100 0 25 50 75 Ambient Temperature (C) 100 G = +2 V/V VDD = 5.0V 4 3 2 VIN 1 VOUT 0 -1 Time (100 s/div) FIGURE 2-23: The MCP606/7/8/9 Show No Phase Reversal. Output Short Circuit Current Magnitude (mA) 0.12 Input and Output Voltages (V) 6 VDD = 5.5V -25 FIGURE 2-22: Output Voltage Headroom vs. Ambient Temperature at RL = 5 k. 10 Maximum Output Voltage Swing (V) RL = 5 k 0 1 Slew Rate (V/s) 35 25 +ISC , VDD = 5.5V | -ISC |, VDD = 5.5V 20 15 10 5 +ISC , VDD = 2.5V | -ISC |, VDD = 2.5V 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 Ambient Temperature (C) FIGURE 2-24: Output Short Circuit Current Magnitude vs. Ambient Temperature. (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP606/7/8/9 5.0 4.5 4.0 5.0 VDD = 5.0V 4.5 Output Voltage (V) 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 VDD = 5.0V 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 Time (50 s/div) Time (50 s/div) FIGURE 2-25: Pulse Response. Large-signal, Non-inverting FIGURE 2-28: Pulse Response. VDD = 5.0V Output Voltage (20 mV/div) Output Voltage (20 mV/div) RL = 25 k Time (50 s/div) Small-signal, Non-inverting 3.5 3.0 Time (50 s/div) Amplifier Output Active 1.5 CS Input High to Low CS Input Low to High 1.0 0.5 Hysteresis 0.0 Amplifier Output Hi-Z -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 CS Input Voltage (V) FIGURE 2-27: (MCP608 only). Chip Select (CS) Hysteresis (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. 5.0 VDD = 5.0V 2.5 2.0 FIGURE 2-29: Response. Small-signal, Inverting Pulse 15 G = +1 V/V RL = 1 k to VSS 4.5 Output Voltage (V) FIGURE 2-26: Pulse Response. Internal CS Switch Output (V) Large-signal, Inverting 4.0 10 CS 3.5 3.0 -10 2.0 -15 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 -5 Output Enabled 2.5 5 -20 VOUT Output Hi-Z Output Hi-Z 0.0 Chip Select Voltage (V) Output Voltge (V) Note: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = +2.5V to +5.5V, VSS = GND, TA = +25C, VCM = VDD/2, VOUT VDD/2, VL = VDD/2, RL = 100 k to VL, CL = 60 pF, and CS is tied low. -25 -30 -35 Time (5 s/div) FIGURE 2-30: Amplifier Output Response Times vs. Chip Select (CS) Pulse (MCP608 only). DS11177F-page 11 MCP606/7/8/9 Note: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = +2.5V to +5.5V, VSS = GND, TA = +25C, VCM = VDD/2, VOUT VDD/2, VL = VDD/2, RL = 100 k to VL, CL = 60 pF, and CS is tied low. Input Current Magnitude (A) 1.E-02 10m 1.E-03 1m 1.E-04 100 1.E-05 10 1.E-06 1 100n 1.E-07 10n 1.E-08 1n 1.E-09 100p 1.E-10 10p 1.E-11 1p 1.E-12 +125C +85C +25C -40C -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 Input Voltage (V) FIGURE 2-31: Measured Input Current vs. Input Voltage (below VSS). DS11177F-page 12 (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP606/7/8/9 3.0 PIN DESCRIPTIONS Descriptions of the pins are listed in Table 3-1. TABLE 3-1: PIN FUNCTION TABLE MCP606 MCP607 MCP608 MCP609 Symbol 1 1 6 1 VOUT, VOUTA Output (op amp A) 2 4 2 2 2 VIN-, VINA- Inverting Input (op amp A) 3 3 3 3 3 VIN+, VINA+ Non-inverting Input (op amp A) PDIP, SOIC, TSSOP SOT-23-5 6 3.1 5 8 7 4 VDD -- 5 -- 5 VINB+ Non-inverting Input (op amp B) -- -- 6 -- 6 VINB- Inverting Input (op amp B) -- -- 7 -- 7 VOUTB Output (op amp B) -- -- -- -- 8 VOUTC Output (op amp B) -- -- -- -- 9 VINC- Inverting Input (op amp C) -- -- -- -- 10 VINC+ Non-inverting Input (op amp C) 4 2 4 4 11 VSS -- -- -- -- 12 VIND+ Non-inverting Input (op amp D) -- -- -- -- 13 VIND- Inverting Input (op amp D) -- -- -- -- 14 VOUTD Output (op amp D) -- -- -- 8 -- CS Chip Select 1, 5, 8 -- -- 1, 5 -- NC No Internal Connection Analog Outputs Analog Inputs The non-inverting and inverting inputs are highimpedance CMOS inputs with low bias currents. 3.3 Positive Power Supply 7 -- The output pins are low-impedance voltage sources. 3.2 Description Chip Select Digital Input The Chip Select (CS) pin is a Schmitt-triggered, CMOS logic input. It is used to place the MCP608 op amp in a Low-power mode, with the output(s) in a Hi-Z state. (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. 3.4 Negative Power Supply Power Supply Pins The positive power supply pin (VDD) is 2.5V to 5.5V higher than the negative power supply pin (VSS). For normal operation, the output pins are at voltages between VSS and VDD; while the input pins are at voltages between VSS - 0.3V and VDD + 0.3V. Typically, these parts are used in a single-supply (positive) configuration. In this case, VSS is connected to ground and VDD is connected to the supply. VDD will need bypass capacitors . DS11177F-page 13 MCP606/7/8/9 NOTES: DS11177F-page 14 (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP606/7/8/9 4.0 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION VDD The MCP606/7/8/9 family of op amps is manufactured using Microchip's state-of-the-art CMOS process These op amps are unity-gain stable and suitable for a wide range of general purpose applications. 4.1 D1 V1 R1 Rail-to-Rail Inputs 4.1.1 PHASE REVERSAL R2 INPUT VOLTAGE AND CURRENT LIMITS The ESD protection on the inputs can be depicted as shown in Figure 4-1. This structure was chosen to protect the input transistors, and to minimize input bias current (IB). The input ESD diodes clamp the inputs when they try to go more than one diode drop below VSS. They also clamp any voltages that go too far above VDD; their breakdown voltage is high enough to allow normal operation, and low enough to bypass quick ESD events within the specified limits. VDD Bond Pad R3 VSS - (minimum expected V1) 2 mA VSS - (minimum expected V2) R2 > 2 mA R1 > FIGURE 4-2: Inputs. Input Stage Bond VIN- Pad VSS Bond Pad FIGURE 4-1: Structures. Simplified Analog Input ESD In order to prevent damage and/or improper operation of these op amps, the circuit they are in must limit the currents and voltages at the VIN+ and VIN- pins (see Absolute Maximum Ratings at the beginning of Section 1.0 "Electrical Characteristics"). Figure 4-2 shows the recommended approach to protecting these inputs. The internal ESD diodes prevent the input pins (VIN+ and VIN-) from going too far below ground, and the resistors R1 and R2 limit the possible current drawn out of the input pins. Diodes D1 and D2 prevent the input pins (VIN+ and VIN-) from going too far above VDD, and dump any currents onto VDD. When implemented as shown, resistors R1 and R2 also limit the current through D1 and D2. (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. Protecting the Analog It is also possible to connect the diodes to the left of resistors R1 and R2. In this case, current through the diodes D1 and D2 needs to be limited by some other mechanism. The resistors then serve as in-rush current limiters; the DC current into the input pins (VIN+ and VIN-) should be very small. A significant amount of current can flow out of the inputs when the common mode voltage (VCM) is below ground (VSS); see Figure 2-31. Applications that are high impedance may need to limit the useable voltage range. 4.1.3 VIN+ Bond Pad MCP60X V2 The MCP606/7/8/9 op amp is designed to prevent phase reversal when the input pins exceed the supply voltages. Figure 2-23 shows the input voltage exceeding the supply voltage without any phase reversal. 4.1.2 D2 NORMAL OPERATION The input stage of the MCP606/7/8/9 op amps use a PMOS input stage. It operates at low common mode input voltage (VCM), including ground. WIth this topology, the device operates with VCM up to VDD -1.1V and 0.3V below VSS. Figure 4-3 shows a unity gain buffer. Since VOUT is the same voltage as the inverting input, VOUT must be kept below VDD-1.2V for correct operation. VIN + MCP60X - VOUT FIGURE 4-3: Unity Gain Buffer has a Limited VOUT Range. DS11177F-page 15 MCP606/7/8/9 4.2 Rail-to-Rail Output 10k The second specification that describes the outputswing capability of these amplifiers (Linear Output Voltage Range) defines the maximum output swing that can be achieved while the amplifier still operates in its linear region. To verify linear operation in this range, the large-signal DC Open-Loop Gain (AOL) is measured at points inside the supply rails. The measurement must meet the specified AOL conditions in the specification table. 4.3 Capacitive Loads Driving large capacitive loads can cause stability problems for voltage-feedback op amps. As the load capacitance increases, the feedback loop's phase margin decreases and the closed-loop bandwidth is reduced. This produces gain-peaking in the frequency response, with overshoot and ringing in the step response. A unity-gain buffer (G = +1) is the most sensitive to capacitive loads, though all gains show the same general behavior. When driving large capacitive loads with these op amps (e.g., > 60 pF when G = +1), a small series resistor at the output (RISO in Figure 4-4) improves the feedback loop's phase margin (stability) by making the output load resistive at higher frequencies. The bandwidth will be generally lower than the bandwidth with no capacitive load. RISO MCP60X VIN Recommended R ISO () 10000 There are two specifications that describe the output-swing capability of the MCP606/7/8/9 family of op amps. The first specification (Maximum Output Voltage Swing) defines the absolute maximum swing that can be achieved under the specified load conditions. For instance, the output voltage swings to within 15 mV of the negative rail with a 25 k load to VDD/2. Figure 2-23 shows how the output voltage is limited when the input goes beyond the linear region of operation. 1k 1000 GN = +1 GN = +2 GN +4 100 10p 100 10 100 1000 10000 100p 1n 10n Normalized Load Capacitance; CL/GN (F) FIGURE 4-5: Recommended RISO Values for Capacitive Loads. After selecting RISO for your circuit, double-check the resulting frequency response peaking and step response overshoot. Modify RISO's value until the response is reasonable. Bench evaluation and simulations with the MCP606/7/8/9 SPICE macro model are helpful. 4.4 MCP608 Chip Select The MCP608 is a single op amp with Chip Select (CS). When CS is pulled high, the supply current drops to 50 nA (typical) and flows through the CS pin to VSS. When this happens, the amplifier output is put into a high-impedance state. By pulling CS low, the amplifier is enabled. The CS pin has an internal 5 M (typical) pull-down resistor connected to VSS, so it will go low if the CS pins is left floating. Figure 1-1 shows the output voltage and supply current response to a CS pulse. 4.5 Supply Bypass With this family of operational amplifiers, the power supply pin (VDD for single-supply) should have a local bypass capacitor (i.e., 0.01 F to 0.1 F) within 2 mm for good high-frequency performance. It also needs a bulk capacitor (i.e., 1 F or larger) within 100 mm to provide large, slow currents. This bulk capacitor can be shared with other nearby analog parts. VOUT CL FIGURE 4-4: Output Resistor, RISO stabilizes large capacitive loads. Figure 4-5 gives recommended RISO values for different capacitive loads and gains. The x-axis is the normalized load capacitance (CL/GN), where GN is the circuit's noise gain. For non-inverting gains, GN and the Signal Gain are equal. For inverting gains, GN is 1+|Signal Gain| (e.g., -1 V/V gives GN = +2 V/V). DS11177F-page 16 (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP606/7/8/9 4.6 Unused Op Amps 1. An unused op amp in a quad package (MCP609) should be configured as shown in Figure 4-6. These circuits prevent the output from toggling and causing crosstalk. Circuits A sets the op amp at its minimum noise gain. The resistor divider produces any desired reference voltage within the output voltage range of the op amp; the op amp buffers that reference voltage. Circuit B uses the minimum number of components and operates as a comparator, but it may draw more current. 2. 1/4 MCP609 (B) 1/4 MCP609 (A) VDD VDD VDD R1 4.8 VREF R2 Non-inverting Gain and Unity-gain Buffer: a) Connect the non-inverting pin (VIN+) to the input with a wire that does not touch the PCB surface. b) Connect the guard ring to the inverting input pin (VIN-). This biases the guard ring to the common mode input voltage. Inverting Gain and Transimpedance Gain (convert current to voltage, such as photo detectors) amplifiers: a) Connect the guard ring to the non-inverting input pin (VIN+). This biases the guard ring to the same reference voltage as the op amp (e.g., VDD/2 or ground). b) Connect the inverting pin (VIN-) to the input with a wire that does not touch the PCB surface. Application Circuits 4.8.1 R2 V REF = V DD ------------------R1 + R2 FIGURE 4-6: 4.7 Unused Op Amps. PCB Surface Leakage In applications where low input bias current is critical, Printed Circuit Board (PCB) surface-leakage effects need to be considered. Surface leakage is caused by humidity, dust or other contamination on the board. Under low humidity conditions, a typical resistance between nearby traces is 1012. A 5V difference would cause 5 pA of current to flow, which is greater than the MCP606/7/8/9 family's bias current at +25C (1 pA, typical). The easiest way to reduce surface leakage is to use a guard ring around sensitive pins (or traces). The guard ring is biased at the same voltage as the sensitive pin. An example of this type of layout is shown in Figure 4-7. VIN- VIN+ LOW-SIDE BATTERY CURRENT SENSOR The MCP606/7/8/9 op amps can be used to sense the load current on the low-side of a battery using the circuit in Figure 4-8. In this circuit, the current from the power supply (minus the current required to power the MCP606) flows through a sense resistor (RSEN), which converts it to voltage. This is gained by the the amplifier and resistors, RG and RF . Since the non-inverting input of the amplifier is at the load's negative supply (VLM), the gain from RSEN to VOUT is RF/RG . V OUT = V LM + I L R RG 5 k RF 50 k 2.5V to 6.0V To Load (VLP) VOUT RSEN 10 MCP606 To Load (VLM) VSS Guard Ring Example Guard Ring Layout (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. ( RF RG ) IL FIGURE 4-8: Sensor. FIGURE 4-7: for Inverting Gain. SEN Low Side Battery Current Since the input bias current and input offset voltage of the MCP606 are low, and the input is capable of swinging below ground, there is very little error generated by the amplifier. The quiescent current is very low, which helps conserve battery power. The rail-to-rail output makes it possible to read very low currents. DS11177F-page 17 MCP606/7/8/9 4.8.2 PHOTODIODE AMPLIFIERS Sensors that produce an output current and have high output impedance can be connected to a transimpedance amplifier. The transimpedance amplifier converts the current into voltage. Photodiodes are one sensor that produce an output current. The key op amp characteristics that are needed for these circuits are: low input offset voltage, low input bias current, high input impedance and an input common mode range that includes ground. The low input offset voltage and low input bias current support a very low voltage drop across the photodiode; this gives the best photodiode linearity. Since the photodiode is biased at ground, the op amp's input needs to function well both above and below ground. 4.8.2.1 operate at a much higher speed. This reverse bias also increases the dark current and current noise, however. Resistor R2 converts the current into voltage. Capacitor C2 limits the bandwidth and helps stabilize the circuit when D1's junction capacitance is large. VB < 0 V OUT = I D1 R 2 C2 R2 VOUT ID1 VDD Light Photo-Voltaic Mode D1 Figure 4-9 shows a transimpedance amplifier with a photodiode (D1) biased in the Photo-voltaic mode (0V across D1), which is used for precision photodiode sensing. As light impinges on D1, charge is generated, causing a current to flow in the reverse bias direction of D1. The op amp's negative feedback forces the voltage across the D1 to be nearly 0V. Resistor R2 converts the current into voltage. Capacitor C2 limits the bandwidth and helps stabilize the circuit when D1's junction capacitance is large. V OUT = I D1 R VB FIGURE 4-10: Photodiode (in Photoconductive mode) and Transimpedance Amplifier. 4.8.3 2 R2 VOUT ID1 2R R VOUT = ( V 1 - V 2 ) 1 + ------1 + ---------1- + V REF R 2 RG VDD D1 TWO OP AMP INSTRUMENTATION AMPLIFIER The two op amp instrumentation amplifier shown in Figure 4-11 serves the function of taking the difference of two input voltages, level-shifting it and gaining it to the output. This configuration is best suited for higher gains (i.e., gain > 3 V/V). The reference voltage (VREF) is typically at mid-supply (VDD/2) in a single-supply environment. C2 Light MCP606 MCP606 RG R1 R2 R2 R1 VREF FIGURE 4-9: Photodiode (in Photo-voltaic mode) and Transimpedance Amplifier. 4.8.2.2 Photo-Conductive Mode Figure 4-9 shows a transimpedance amplifier with a photodiode (D1) biased in the Photo-conductive mode (D1 is reverse biased), which is used for high-speed applications. As light impinges on D1, charge is generated, causing a current to flow in the reverse bias direction of D1. Placing a negative bias on D1 significantly reduces its junction capacitance, which allows the circuit to DS11177F-page 18 V2 VOUT 1/2 MCP607 1/2 MCP607 V1 FIGURE 4-11: Two Op Amp Instrumentation Amplifier. The key specifications that make the MCP606/7/8/9 family appropriate for this application circuit are low input bias current, low offset voltage and high common-mode rejection. (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP606/7/8/9 4.8.4 THREE OP AMP INSTRUMENTATION AMPLIFIER 4.8.5 PRECISION GAIN WITH GOOD LOAD ISOLATION A classic, three op amp instrumentation amplifier is illustrated in Figure 4-12. The two input op amps provide differential signal gain and a common mode gain of +1. The output op amp is a difference amplifier, which converts its input signal from differential to a single ended output; it rejects common mode signals at its input. The gain of this circuit is simply adjusted with one resistor (RG). The reference voltage (VREF) is typically referenced to mid-supply (VDD/2) in single-supply applications. In Figure 4-13, the MCP606 op amps, R1 and R2 provide a high gain to the input signal (VIN). The MCP606's low offset voltage makes this an accurate circuit. 2R R 4 VOUT = ( V 1 - V 2 ) 1 + ---------2 ------ + V REF R G R 3 VOUT = V IN (1 + R 2 R 1 ) V2 1/2 MCP607 The MCP601 is configured as a unity-gain buffer. It isolates the MCP606's output from the load, increasing the high-gain stage's precision. Since the MCP601 has a higher output current, with the two amplifiers being housed in separate packages, there is minimal change in the MCP606's offset voltage due to loading effect. MCP606 VIN MCP601 VOUT R3 R4 VOUT R2 RG MCP606 R2 R1 FIGURE 4-13: Load Isolation. R2 Precision Gain with Good VREF R3 V1 R4 1/2 MCP607 FIGURE 4-12: Three Op Amp Instrumentation Amplifier. (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. DS11177F-page 19 MCP606/7/8/9 NOTES: DS11177F-page 20 (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP606/7/8/9 5.0 DESIGN AIDS Microchip provides the basic design tools needed for the MCP606/7/8/9 family of op amps. 5.1 SPICE Macro Model The latest SPICE macro model for the MCP606/7/8/9 op amps is available on the Microchip web site at www.microchip.com. This model is intended to be an initial design tool that works well in the op amp's linear region of operation over the temperature range. See the model file for information on its capabilities. Bench testing is a very important part of any design and cannot be replaced with simulations. Also, simulation results using this macro model need to be validated by comparing them to the data sheet specifications and characteristic curves. 5.2 FilterLab(R) Software Microchip's FilterLab(R) software is an innovative software tool that simplifies analog active filter (using op amps) design. Available at no cost from the Microchip web site at www.microchip.com/filterlab, the FilterLab design tool provides full schematic diagrams of the filter circuit with component values. It also outputs the filter circuit in SPICE format, which can be used with the macro model to simulate actual filter performance. 5.3 MindiTM Circuit Designer & Simulator Microchip's MindiTM Circuit Designer & Simulator aids in the design of various circuits useful for active filter, amplifier and power-management applications. It is a free online circuit designer & simulator available from the Microchip web site at www.microchip.com/mindi. This interactive circuit designer & simulator enables designers to quickly generate circuit diagrams, simulate circuits. Circuits developed using the Mindi Circuit Designer & Simulator can be downloaded to a personal computer or workstation. 5.4 5.5 Analog Demonstration and Evaluation Boards Microchip offers a broad spectrum of Analog Demonstration and Evaluation Boards that are designed to help you achieve faster time to market. For a complete listing of these boards and their corresponding user's guides and technical information, visit the Microchip web site at www.microchip.com/ analogtools. Two of our boards that are especially useful are: * 8-Pin SOIC/MSOP/TSSOP/DIP Evaluation Board, P/N SOIC8EV * 14-Pin SOIC/TSSOP/DIP Evaluation Board, P/N SOIC14EV 5.6 Application Notes The following Microchip Application Notes are available on the Microchip web site at www.microchip. com/ appnotes and are recommended as supplemental reference resources. * ADN003: "Select the Right Operational Amplifier for your Filtering Circuits", DS21821 * AN722: "Operational Amplifier Topologies and DC Specifications", DS00722 * AN723: "Operational Amplifier AC Specifications and Applications", DS00723 * AN884: "Driving Capacitive Loads With Op Amps", DS00884 * AN990: "Analog Sensor Conditioning Circuits - An Overview", DS00990 These application notes and others are listed in the design guide: "Signal Chain Design Guide", DS21825 Microchip Advanced Part Selector (MAPS) MAPS is a software tool that helps semiconductor professionals efficiently identify Microchip devices that fit a particular design requirement. Available at no cost from the Microchip website at www.microchip.com/ maps, the MAPS is an overall selection tool for Microchip's product portfolio that includes Analog, Memory, MCUs and DSCs. Using this tool you can define a filter to sort features for a parametric search of devices and export side-by-side technical comparasion reports. Helpful links are also provided for Datasheets, Purchase, and Sampling of Microchip parts. (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. DS11177F-page 21 MCP606/7/8/9 NOTES: DS11177F-page 22 (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP606/7/8/9 6.0 PACKAGING INFORMATION 6.1 Package Marking Information Example: 5-Lead SOT-23 (MCP606) XXNN SB25 8-Lead PDIP (300 mil) MCP606 I/P256 0722 XXXXXXXX XXXXXNNN YYWW 8-Lead SOIC (150 mil) XXXXXXXX XXXXYYWW NNN OR MCP606 I/P e3256 0936 OR MCP606I SN e3 0936 256 Example: MCP606 I/SN0722 256 Example: 8-Lead TSSOP XXXX 606 YYWW I936 NNN 256 Legend: XX...X Y YY WW NNN e3 * Note: Example: Customer-specific information Year code (last digit of calendar year) Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year) Week code (week of January 1 is week `01') Alphanumeric traceability code Pb-free JEDEC designator for Matte Tin (Sn) This package is Pb-free. The Pb-free JEDEC designator ( e3 ) can be found on the outer packaging for this package. In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will be carried over to the next line, thus limiting the number of available characters for customer-specific information. (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. DS11177F-page 23 MCP606/7/8/9 Package Marking Information (Continued) Example: 14-Lead PDIP (300 mil) (MCP609) MCP609-I/P XXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXX YYWWNNN 0722256 MCP609 I/P e3 0936256 OR 14-Lead SOIC (150 mil) (MCP609) Example: MCP609ISL XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX YYWWNNN 0722256 MCP609 e3 I/SL^^ 0936256 OR 14-Lead TSSOP (MCP609) Example: XXXXXXXX YYWW 609IST 0936 NNN 256 DS11177F-page 24 (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP606/7/8/9 .# #$ # / ## +22--- 2 ! - / 0 # 1 / % # # ! # b N E E1 3 2 1 e e1 D A2 A c A1 L L1 3# 4# 5$8 %1 4 44"" 5 5 7 ( !1# 6$# ! 4 56 ()* !1# 6, 9 # ! !1 / / # !%% 6, : > 4 ; : = !/ 4 ! : ;> 4 !/ : ( 4 ! : (> ! %# )## (> : (> 1, $ ! &% #$ , 08$#$ #8 # !-## # ! ? % #* # # !"!#$! !% #$ !% #$ # & !( !# "'( )*+ ) # & #, $ --#$## ".+ % 0$ $ -#$## 0%% # $ ! - * () (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. DS11177F-page 27 MCP606/7/8/9 "&'()#$%!* .# #$ # / ## +22--- 2 DS11177F-page 28 ! - / 0 # 1 / % # # ! # (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP606/7/8/9 + + , "-(-$% .# #$ # / ## +22--- 2 ! - / 0 # 1 / % # # ! # D N E E1 NOTE 1 1 2 b e c A A2 A1 L L1 3# 4# 5$8 %1 44"" 5 5 7 ; 1# =()* 6, 9 # ! !1 / 56 / # !%% 6, : ;> 4 : !/ ( ". 4 ! : ;> 4 !/ : ( 4 ! : (> ! %# )## E (> : (> 1, $ ! &% #$ , 08$#$ #8 # !-## # ! ? % #* # # !"!#$! !% #$ !% #$ # & !( !# "'( )*+ ) # & #, $ --#$## ".+ % 0$ $ -#$## 0%% # $ ! - * =() DS11177F-page 32 (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP606/7/8/9 .# #$ # / ## +22--- 2 (c) 2009 Microchip Technology Inc. ! - / 0 # 1 / % # # ! # DS11177F-page 33 MCP606/7/8/9 .- + + , "-(-$% .# #$ # / ## +22--- 2 ! - / 0 # 1 / % # # ! # D N E E1 NOTE 1 1 2 e b c A2 A A1 L L1 3# 4# 5$8 %1 44"" 5 5 7 1# =()* 6, 9 # ! !1 / 56 / # !%% 6, : ;> 4 : !/ ( ". 4 !