STK500
.............................................................................
User Guide
i
Table of Contents
Section 1
Introduction ........................................................................................... 1-1
1.1 Starter Kit Features ...................................................................................1-1
1.2 Device Support .........................................................................................1-2
Section 2
Getting Started...................................................................................... 2-1
2.1 Unpacking the System ..............................................................................2-1
2.2 System Requirements...............................................................................2-1
2.3 Quick Start ................................................................................................2-1
2.3.1 Connecting the Hardware...................................................................2-2
2.3.2 Programming the Target AVR Device ................................................2-3
Section 3
Hardware Description ........................................................................... 3-1
3.1 Description of User LEDs..........................................................................3-1
3.2 Description of User Switches ....................................................................3-2
3.3 Connection of LEDs and Switches............................................................3-3
3.4 Port Connectors ........................................................................................3-3
3.5 Description of User RS-232 Interface .......................................................3-4
3.6 Description of DataFlash Pins...................................................................3-5
3.7 Target Socket Section...............................................................................3-7
3.7.1 ISP Programming ...............................................................................3-8
3.7.2 High-voltage Programming...............................................................3-10
3.8 Jumper Settings ......................................................................................3-13
3.8.1 Target VCC Settings, VTARGET .......................................................3-14
3.8.2 Analog Reference Voltage, AREF ....................................................3-15
3.8.3 Reset Settings, RESET ....................................................................3-16
3.8.4 Clock Settings, XTAL1 and OSCSEL ...............................................3-18
3.8.5 BSEL2 Jumper .................................................................................3-20
3.8.6 PJUMP Jumpers...............................................................................3-20
3.9 Expansion Connectors............................................................................3-21
3.9.1 Signal Descriptions...........................................................................3-22
3.10 Prog Ctrl and Prog Data Headers ...........................................................3-22
3.11 Miscellaneous .........................................................................................3-24
3.11.1 RESET Push Button .........................................................................3-24
3.11.2 PROGRAM Push Button ..................................................................3-24
Table of Contents
ii
3.11.3 Main Power LED...............................................................................3-24
3.11.4 Target Power LED ............................................................................3-24
3.11.5 Status LED .......................................................................................3-24
Section 4
Installing AVR Studio ............................................................................ 4-1
Section 5
Using AVR Studio ................................................................................. 5-1
5.1 Windows Software ....................................................................................5-1
5.2 Starting the Windows Software.................................................................5-1
5.2.1 Starting STK500 .................................................................................5-1
5.3 STK500 User Interface .............................................................................5-2
5.3.1 “Program” Settings .............................................................................5-2
5.3.2 “Fuses” Settings .................................................................................5-3
5.3.3 “LockBits” Settings..............................................................................5-4
5.3.4 “Advanced” Settings ...........................................................................5-5
5.3.5 “Board” Settings..................................................................................5-6
5.3.6 “Auto” Settings....................................................................................5-7
5.3.7 History Window...................................................................................5-8
5.4 Command Line Software ..........................................................................5-8
5.5 Parameters ...............................................................................................5-8
Section 6
In-System Programming of an External Target System ....................... 6-1
Section 7
Troubleshooting Guide ......................................................................... 7-1
Section 8
Technical Support................................................................................. 8-1
Section 9
Example Applications ........................................................................... 9-1
9.1 Using LEDs and Switches.........................................................................9-1
Section 10
Appendix A ......................................................................................... 10-1
STK500 User Guide 1-1
Section 1
Introduction
Congratulations on your purchase of the STK500 AVR® Flash MCU Starter Kit. The
STK500 is a complete starter kit and development system for the AVR Flash microcon-
troller from Atmel Corporation. It is designed to give designers a quick start to develop
code on the AVR and for prototyping and testing of new designs.
1.1 Starter Kit
Features
•AVR Studio® Compatible
•RS-232 Interface to PC for Programming and Control
•Regulated Power Supply for 10 - 15V DC Power
•Sockets for 8-pin, 20-pin, 28-pin, and 40-pin AVR Devices
•Parallel and Serial High-voltage Programming of AVR Devices
•Serial In-System Programming (ISP) of AVR Devices
•In-System Programmer for Programming AVR Devices in External Target System
•Reprogramming of AVR Devices
•8 Push Buttons for General Use
•8 LEDs for General Use
•All AVR I/O Ports Easily Accessible through Pin Header Connectors
•Additional RS-232 Port for General Use
•Expansion Connectors for Plug-in Modules and Prototyping Area
•On-board 2-Mbit DataFlash® for Nonvolatile Data Storage
The STK500 is supported by AVR Studio, version 3.2 or higher. For up-to-date informa-
tion on this and other AVR tool products, please read the document “avrtools.pdf”. The
newest version of AVR Studio, “avrtools.pdf” and this user guide can be found in the
AVR section of the Atmel web site, www.atmel.com.
Introduction
1-2 STK500 User Guide
Table 1-1. STK500
1.2 Device Support The system software currently has support for the following devices in all speed grades:
AT t i n y 1 1
AT t i n y 1 2
AT t i n y 1 5
AT t i n y 2 2
AT t i n y 2 8
AT90S1200
AT90S2313
AT90S2323
AT90S2333
AT90S2343
AT90S4414
AT90S4433
AT90S4434
AT90S8515
AT90S8535
ATmega8
ATmega16
ATmega161
ATmega163
ATmega323
ATmega103(1)
ATmega128(1)
Note: 1. In exterial target or in STK501. Devices does not fit into the sockets of STK500
Support for new AVR devices may be added in new versions of AVR Studio. The latest
version of AVR Studio is always available from www.atmel.com.
STK500 User Guide 2-1
Section 2
Getting Started
2.1 Unpacking the
System
Kit contents:
STK500 Starter Kit evaluation board
Cables for STK500:
(2 pcs) 10-wire cables for I/O ports and parallel mode programming
(1 pc) 6-wire cable for In-System Programming
(4 pcs) 2-wire cable for UART and DataFlash connections
9-pin RS-232 cable
DC power cable
Atmel CD-ROM with datasheets and software
AT90S8515-8PC sample microcontroller
2.2 System
Requirements
The minimum hardware and software requirements are:
486 processor (Pentium® is recommended)
16 MB RAM
12 MB free hard disk space (AVR Studio®)
Windows® 95/98/2000/ME and Windows NT® 4.0 or higher
115200 baud RS-232 port (COM port)
10 - 15V DC power supply, 500 mA min.
2.3 Quick Start The STK500 starter kit is shipped with an AT90S8515-8PC microcontroller in the socket
marked SCKT3000D3. The default jumper settings will allow the microcontroller to exe-
cute from the clock source and voltage regulator on the STK500 board.
The microcontroller is programmed with a test program that toggles the LEDs. The test
program in the AT90S8515 is simular to the example application code described in Sec-
tion 9. Connect the LEDs and switches, and power up the STK500 to run the test
program in the AT90S8515.
Use the supplied 10-pin cables to connect the header marked “PORTB” with the header
marked “LEDS”, and connect the header marked “PORTD” with the header marked
“SWITCHES”. The connections are shown in Figure 2-1.
An external 10 - 15V DC power supply is required. The input circuit is a full bridge recti-
fier, and the STK500 automatically handles both positive or negative center connector. If
a positive center connector is used, it can be impossible to turn the STK500 off since the
Getting Started
2-2 STK500 User Guide
power switch disconnects the GND terminal. In this case GND can be supplied through
the RS-232 cable shield if connected or through alternative GND connections. Connect
the power cable between a power supply and the STK500. Apply 10 - 15V DC to the
power connector. The power switch turns the STK500 main power on and off. The red
LED is lit when power is on, and the status LEDs will go from red, via yellow, to green.
The green LED indicates that the target VCC is present. The program now running in the
AT90S8515 will respond to pressed switches by toggling the LEDs.
Figure 2-1. Default Setup of STK500
The starter kit can be configured for various clock and power sources. A complete
description of the jumper settings is explained in paragraph 3.8 on page 3-13 and on the
reverse side of the starter kit.
2.3.1 Connecting the
Hardware
Figure 2-2. Connection to STK500
To Computer (RS-232)
10 - 15V DC
Getting Started
STK500 User Guide 2-3
To program the AT90S8515, connect the supplied 6-wire cable between the ISP6PIN
header and the SPROG3 target ISP header as shown in Figure 2-1. Section 3.7.1 on
page 3-8 describes the programming cable connections.
Connect a serial cable to the connector marked “RS232 CTRL” on the evaluation board
to a COM port on the PC as shown in Figure 2-2. Install AVR Studio software on the PC.
Instructions on how to install and use AVR Studio are given in Section 5 on page 5-1.
When AVR Studio is started, the program will automatically detect to which COM port
the STK500 is connected.
2.3.2 Programming the
Target AVR Device
The STK500 is controlled from AVR Studio, version 3.2 and higher. AVR Studio is an
integrated development environment (IDE) for developing and debugging AVR applica-
tions. AVR Studio provides a project management tool, source file editor, simulator, in-
circuit emulator interface and programming interface for STK500.
To program a hex file into the target AVR device, select “STK500” from the “Tools”
menu in AVR Studio.
Select the AVR target device from the pull-down menu on the “Program” tab and locate
the intel-hex file to download.
Press the “Erase” button, followed by the “Program” button. The status LED will now
turn yellow while the part is programmed, and when programming succeeds, the LED
will turn green. If programming fails, the LED will turn red after programming. See the
troubleshooting guide in Section 7 on page 7-1.
Figure 2-3. AVR Studio STK500 Programming Menu
Complete descriptions of using the STK500 interface in AVR Studio are given in Section
5 on page 5-1.
Getting Started
2-4 STK500 User Guide
STK500 User Guide 3-1
Section 3
Hardware Description
Figure 3-1. STK500 Components
3.1 Description of
User LEDs
The STK500 starter kit includes 8 yellow LEDs and 8 push-button switches. The LEDs
and switches are connected to debug headers that are separated from the rest of the
board. They can be connected to the AVR devices with the supplied 10-wire cable to the
pin header of the AVR I/O ports. Figure 3-4 shows how the LEDs and switches can be
connected to the I/O port headers. The cables should be connected directly from the
port header to the LED or switch header. The cable should not be twisted. A red wire on
the cable indicates pin 1. Confirm that this is connected to pin 1 on each of the headers.
Figure 3-2 shows how the LED control is implemented. This solution will give the same
amount of light from the LED for all target voltages from 1.8V to 6.0V.
Power Switch
Power Connector
Power LED
Parallel Programming
Headers
RS-232 Port
for Programming
Master MCU
Status LED
RS-232 Port
for Communication
Options Setting
Jumpers
Sockets for
Target AVR
Headers
for I/O Ports
Switches
Header for
Switches
RS232 Interface
Header
DataFlash Interface
Header
LEDs Header for
Expansion Boards
Header for LEDs
10-pin ISP Header
(for External Target Only)
6-pin ISP Header
Target ISP Headers
Program Button
Socket for
Crystal
Target Reset
Push Button
Header for
Expansion Boards
Hardware Description
3-2 STK500 User Guide
Figure 3-2. Implementation of LEDs and LED Headers
Note: The AVR can source or sink enough current to drive an LED directly. In the
STK500 design, a transistor with two resistors is used to give the same amount
of light from the LED, whatever the target voltage (VTG) may be, and to turn off
the LEDs when VTG is missing.
3.2 Description of
User Switches
The switches connected to the debug headers are implemented as shown in Figure 3-3.
Pushing a switch causes the corresponding SWx to be pulled low, while releasing it will
result in VTG on the appropriate switch header connector. Valid target voltage range is
1.8V < VTG < 6.0V.
Figure 3-3. Implementation of Switches and Switch Headers
Note: In the AVR you can enable internal pull-ups on the input pins, removing the
need for an external pull-up on the push button. In the STK500 design we have
added an external 10K pull-up to give all users a logical “1” on SWn when the
push button is not pressed. The 150R resistor limits the current going into the
AVR.
LED1
LED3
LED5
LED7
VTG
LED0
LED2
LED4
LED6
GND
1 2
LEDn
10K
VTG
+5V
150R
10K
150R
VTG
SWn
SWn
SW1
SW3
SW5
SW7
VTG
SW0
SW2
SW4
SW6
GND
1 2
Hardware Description
STK500 User Guide 3-3
3.3 Connection of
LEDs and
Switches
Figure 3-4. Connection of LEDs and Switches to I/O Port Headers
Any I/O port of the AVR can be connected to the LEDs and switches using the 10-wire
cables. The headers are supplied with VTG (target VCC) and GND lines in addition to the
signal lines.
3.4 Port Connectors The pinout for the I/O port headers is explained in Figure 3-5. The square marking indi-
cates pin 1.
Figure 3-5. General Pinout of I/O Port Headers
The PORTE/AUX header has some special signals and functions in addition to the
PORTE pins. The pinout of this header shown in Figure 3-6.
Figure 3-6. Pinout of Port E Header
Px1
Px3
Px5
Px7
VTG
Px0
Px2
Px4
Px6
GND
1 2
PORTx
PE1
RST
GND
XT2
VTG
PE0
PE2
REF
XT1
GND
1 2
PORTE/AUX
Hardware Description
3-4 STK500 User Guide
The special functions of this port are:
PE0 - PE2:
REF: Analog reference voltage. This pin is connected to the AREF pin on devices
having a separate analog reference pin.
XT1: XTAL 1 pin. The internal main clock signal to all sockets. If the XTAL1 jumper is
disconnected, this pin can be used as external clock signal.
XT2: XTAL 2 pin. If the XTAL1 jumper is disconnected, this pin can be used for
external crystal with the XT1 pin.
The headers for the LEDs and switches use the same pinout as the I/O port headers.
The pinout of the switch header is explained in Figure 3-7 and the pinout for the LED
header is explained in Figure 3-8. The square marking indicates pin 1.
Figure 3-7. Pinout of the Switch Header
Figure 3-8. Pinout of the LED Header
3.5 Description of
User RS-232
Interface
The STK500 includes two RS-232 ports. One RS-232 port is used for communication
with AVR Studio. The other RS-232 can be used for communication between the target
AVR microcontroller in the socket and a PC serial port connected to the RS-232. To use
the RS-232, the UART pins of the AVR need to be physically connected to the RS-232.
The 2-pin header marked “RS232 SPARE” can be used for connecting the RS-232 con-
verter to the UART pins on the target AVR microcontroller in the socket. Use the 2-wire
cable to connect the UART pins to the RS-232. The connection is shown in Figure 3-9.
The block schematic of the RS-232 connection is shown in Figure 3-10.
Table 3-1. Port E Connection
ATmega161 AT90S4414/AT90S8515
PE0 PE0/ICP/INT2 ICP
PE1 PE1/ALE ALE
PE2 PE2/OC1B OC1B
SW1
SW3
SW5
SW7
VTG
SW0
SW2
SW4
SW6
GND
1 2
SWITCHES
LED1
LED3
LED5
LED7
VTG
LED0
LED2
LED4
LED6
GND
1 2
LEDS
Hardware Description
STK500 User Guide 3-5
Figure 3-9. Connection of I/O Pins to UART
Figure 3-10. Schematic of UART Pin Connections
3.6 Description of
DataFlash Pins
An AT45D021 2-Mbit DataFlash is included on the STK500 for nonvolatile data storage.
A DataFlash is a high-density Flash memory with SPI serial interface. A detailed
datasheet of the DataFlash can be obtained from the Flash memory section of the Atmel
CD-ROM or from the Atmel Web site.
The DataFlash can be connected to the I/O pins of the microcontroller sockets. The
4-pin header marked “DATAFLASH” can be used for connecting the SPI interface of the
DataFlash to the I/O pins on the target AVR microcontroller in the socket. 2-wire cables
are included with STK500 for connecting the DataFlash to the I/O pins. The supplied
10-wire cables can also be used if the DataFlash is connected to the hardware SPI inter-
face on PORTB of the AVR microcontroller. The connection of the I/O pins is shown in
Figure 3-13. The block schematic of the DataFlash connection is shown in Figure 3-14,
for connection of the DataFlash to the AVR hardware SPI interface. The SPI interface
pinout is shown in Figure 3-11 and Figure 3-12.
TXD
RXD Voltage
converter
VTG 5V
MAX202CSE
470R
470R
1n2
1n2
2
3
5V
RS232
Hardware Description
3-6 STK500 User Guide
Figure 3-11. PORTB SPI Pinout (40-pin Parts)
Figure 3-12. PORTB SPI Pinout (28-pin Analog Parts)
Figure 3-13. Connection of I/O Pins to DataFlash for AT90S8515
PB1
PB3
PB5(MOSI)
PB7(SCK)
VTG
PB0
PB2
(SS)PB4
(MISO)PB6
GND
1 2
PB1
PB3(MOSI)
PB5(SCK)
PB7
VTG
PB0
(SS)PB2
(MISO)PB4
PB6
GND
1 2
Hardware Description
STK500 User Guide 3-7
Figure 3-14. Schematic of DataFlash Connections
3.7 Target Socket
Section
The programming module consists of the eight sockets in the white area in the middle of
the starter kit. In these sockets the target AVR devices can be inserted for programming
and used in the application.
Note: Only one AVR device should be inserted in the sockets at a time.
The AVR Flash memory is guaranteed to be correct after 1,000 programming opera-
tions; the typical lifetime of the Flash memory is much longer.
Note: When inserting a device in the socket, notice the orientation of the device.
The notch on the short side of the part must match the notch on the socket. If the device
is inserted the wrong way, it may damage the part and the starter kit.
The socket section is used for both running applications and target device programming.
Figure 3-15. The STK500 Programming Module
Voltage
converter
VTG 5V
AT45D021
DataFlash
CS
SI
S0
SCK
S0
SI
SCK
CS
5V
Hardware Description
3-8 STK500 User Guide
The part inserted in the socket can be programmed in the system from AVR Studio with
two different methods:
1. AVR In-System Programming (ISP) running at the parts normal supply voltage.
2. High-voltage Programming, where the supply voltage is always 5 volts.
Four general nets (VTARGET, RESET, XTAL1 and AREF) can be connected to the
socket section.
The following sections describe how to use both programming methods. For instructions
on using the AVR Studio programming software, see Section 5, “Using AVR Studio” on
page 5-1.
3.7.1 ISP Programming In-System Programming uses the AVR internal SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) to
download code into the Flash and EEPROM memory of the AVR. ISP programming
requires only VCC, GND, RESET and three signal lines for programming. All AVR
devices except AT90C8534, ATtiny11 and ATtiny28 can be ISP programmed. The AVR
can be programmed at the normal operating voltage, normally 2.7 - 6.0V. No high-volt-
age signals are required. The ISP programmer can program both the internal Flash and
EEPROM. It also programs fuse bits for selecting clock options, start-up time and inter-
nal Brown-out Detector (BOD) for most devices.
High-voltage programming can also program devices that are not supported by ISP pro-
gramming. Some devices require High-voltage Programming for programming certain
fuse bits. See the High-voltage Programming section on page 3-10 for instructions on
how to use High-voltage Programming.
Because the programming interface is placed on different pins from part to part, three
programming headers are used to route the programming signals to the correct pins. A
6-wire cable is supplied for connecting the ISP signals to the target ISP header. A color
coding system and a number system are used to explain which target ISP header is
used for each socket.
During ISP programming, the 6-wire cable must always be connected to the header
marked “ISP6PIN”. When programming parts in the blue sockets, connect the other end
of the cable to the blue SPROG1 target ISP header. When programming parts in the
green socket, use the green SPROG2 target ISP header. And when programming parts
in the red sockets, use the red SPROG3 target ISP header. Table 3-2 shows which
socket suits which AVR device, and which SPROG target ISP header to use for ISP
programming.
The 6-wire cables should be connected directly from the ISP6PIN header to the correct
SPROG target ISP header. The cable should not be twisted. A colored wire on the cable
indicates pin 1. Confirm that this is connected to pin 1 on each of the headers.
When programming 8-pin devices, note the following: Pin 1 is used both as RESET and
as PB5 on some devices (ATtiny11, ATtiny12 and ATtiny15). Pin 1 on the 8-pin sockets
SCKT3400D1 and SCKT3400D1 are connected to PB5. The RESET signal used during
ISP programming is therefore not connected to pin 1 on these sockets. This signal must
be connected by placing a wire between RST and the PORTE header and PB5 on the
PORTB header.
Hardware Description
STK500 User Guide 3-9
Figure 3-16 shows an example of how AT90S2313 can be In-System Programmed. The
6-wire cable is connected from the ISP6PIN header to the red SPROG3 target ISP
header, and the AT90S2313 part is inserted in the red socket marked “SCKT3100D3”.
Figure 3-16. Example Connection for Programming AT90S2313
Table 3-2. AVR Sockets
AVR Devices STK500 Socket Color Number Target ISP Header
AT90S1200
AT90S2313 SCKT3300D3 Red 3 SPROG3
AT90S2323
AT90S2343
AT t i n y1 2
AT t i n y2 2
SCKT3400D1 Blue 1
SPROG1. Connect RST on
PORTE to PB5 on PORTB.
Connect XTI on PORTE to PB3
(XTAL1 on 2323) on PORTB.
ATtiny11 SCKT3400D1 Blue 1 High-voltage Programming only
ATtiny28 SCKT3500D- None –High-voltage Programming only
AT90S4414
AT90S8515
ATmega161
SCKT3000D3 Red 3 SPROG3
AT90S4434
AT90S8535
ATmega16
ATmega163
ATmega323
SCKT3100A3 Red 3 SPROG3
AT90S2333
AT90S4433
AT m e g a 8
SCKT3200A2 Green 2 SPROG2
ATtiny15 SCKT3600A1 Blue 1 SPROG1. Connect RST on
PORTE to PB5 on PORTB.
N/A SCKT3700A1 Blue 1 Socket is not in use in this version
of STK500
ATmega103
ATmega128 Use the STK501 Top Module
AVR
SCKT3300D3
SPROG1
SPROG2
SPROG3
ISP6PIN
Hardware Description
3-10 STK500 User Guide
It is not necessary to remove the 6-wire cable from its ISP position while running a pro-
gram in the AVR. The port pins used for ISP programming can be used for other
purposes in your program.
3.7.2 High-voltage
Programming
For High-voltage Programming, a 12V programming voltage is applied to the RESET pin
of the AVR device. All AVR devices can be programmed with High-voltage Program-
ming, and the target device can be programmed while it is mounted in its socket.
Two different methods are used for High-voltage Programming: 8-pin parts use a serial
programming interface, while other parts use a parallel programming interface. The pro-
gramming signals are routed to the correct pins of the target device using the cables
supplied with STK500.
Table 3-3 summarizes the programming method and special considerations when using
High-voltage Programming.
Table 3-3. High-voltage Programming Settings
AVR
Devices STK500 Socket Color Number High-voltage Programming Method
AT90S1200
AT90S2313 SCKT3300D3 Red 3
Parallel High-voltage Programming.
Connect PROG CTRL header to
PORTD and PROG DATA to PORTB,
as shown in Figure 3-17 on page
3-11.
AT90S4414
AT90S8515 SCKT3000D3 Red 3
AT90S4434
AT90S8535 SCKT3100A3 Red 3
ATtiny28 SCKT3500D- None –
ATmega161 SCKT3000D3 Red 3 Parallel programming as above;
mount BSEL2 jumper. See Section
3.8
ATmega16
ATmega163
ATmega323
SCKT3100A3 Red 3
AT90S2333
AT90S4433 SCKT3200A2 Green 2
Parallel programming as above;
mount PJUMP jumpers. See Section
3.8
ATmega103
ATmega128
Use the
STK501 Top
Module
––
Parallel programming as above;
mount BSEL2 jumper. See Section
3.8
ATmega8 SCKT3200A2 Green 2
Parallel programming as above;
Mount PJUMP jumpers and mount
BSEL2 terminal to PC2. See Section
3.8.5 and Section 3.8.6
AT90S2323
AT90S2343
AT t i n y1 1
AT t i n y1 2
AT t i n y2 2
SCKT3400D1 Blue 1 Serial High-voltage Programming
ATtiny15 SCKT3600A1 Blue 1
N/A SCKT3700A1 Blue 1 Socket not in use in this version of
STK500
Hardware Description
STK500 User Guide 3-11
3.7.2.1 Parallel High-voltage
Programming
To use High-voltage Programming, the programming signal must be routed to the AVR
I/O pins. The two 10-wire cables supplied with the STK500 can be used to connect the
PROG DATA header to the PORTB header and the PROG CTRL header to the PORTD
header, as shown in Figure 3-17.
Figure 3-17. Connection for Parallel High-voltage Programming
Some of the jumper settings on STK500 must be changed when using High-voltage Pro-
gramming. Figure 3-18 explains these jumper settings.
Figure 3-18. Jumper Settings for High-voltage Programming
Jumpers
must be
Mounted
Device-
dependent
Jumpers
(See Below)
VTARGET
AREF
RESET
XTAL1
OSCSEL
BSEL2
PJUMP
Hardware Description
3-12 STK500 User Guide
Hardware setup for parallel High-voltage Programming:
1. Switch power off.
2. Place the device to program in its socket according to Table 3-3 on page 3-10.
3. Connect the headers PROGDATA and PORTB with the 10-wire cable.
4. Connect the headers PROGCTRL and PORTD with the 10-wire cable.
5. Mount jumper OSCSEL on pins 1 and 2 to select software-controlled clock.
6. Mount jumper XTAL1 to route the oscillator signal to the device.
7. Mount jumpers VTARGET and RESET.
8. When programming AT90S2333, AT90S4433, or ATmega8, mount both PJUMP
jumpers. The 2-wire cables can be used instead of jumpers.
9. When programming ATmega16, ATmega163, ATmega161, ATmega128, or
ATmega323, mount the BSEL2 jumper. When programming ATmega8, connect
BSEL2 terminal to PC2. A 2-wire cable can be used instead of jumpers.
10. Disconnect target system.
11. Switch power on.
12. Ensure that VTarget is between 4.5 and 5.5V before programming. See Section
5.3.5.1.
For a complete description of jumper settings, see Section 3.8, “Jumper Settings”.
Note: Remove the hardware setup for High-voltage Programming before starting a
debug session.
3.7.2.2 Serial High-voltage
Programming
The 8-pin AVRs have too few pins to use parallel communication during High-voltage
Programming. They use serial communication instead.
This means that fewer signals have to be routed. Hardware setup for serial High-voltage
Programming is as follows:
1. Switch power off.
2. Place the device to program in its socket according to Table 3-3 on page 3-10.
3. Mount jumper OSCSEL on pins 1 and 2 to select software-controlled clock.
4. Mount jumper XTAL1 to route the oscillator signal to the device.
5. Mount jumpers VTARGET and RESET.
6. Use one 2-wire cable to connect the PB3 pin (pin 4) on the PORTB header to the
XT1 pin (pin 7) on the PORTE/AUX header. This will connect the clock system to
the AVR device.
7. Use another 2-wire cable to connect the PB5 pin (pin 6) on the PORTB header to
the RST pin (pin 4) on the PORTE/AUX header. This will connect the reset sys-
tem to the AVR device.
8. Use a third 2-wire cable to connect the PB0 and PB2 pins (pins 4 and 3) on the
SPROG1 header to the DATA0 and DATA2 pins (pins 1 and 3) on the PROG
DATA header.
9. Use the last 2-wire cable to connect the PB1 pin (pin 1) on the SPROG1 header
to the DATA1 pin (pin 2) on the PROG DATA header.
10. Switch power on and you are ready to program.
All connections are shown in Figure 3-19.
Hardware Description
STK500 User Guide 3-13
Figure 3-19. Connection for Serial High-voltage Programming
3.8 Jumper Settings A master MCU and eight jumpers control the hardware settings of the starter kit. During
normal operation these jumpers should be mounted in the default position. To configure
the starter kit for advanced use, the jumpers can be removed or set to new positions.
The jumper settings and usage are explained in the following section. The default set-
ting of the jumpers are shown in Figure 3-20.
Figure 3-20. Default Jumper Setting
VTARGET
AREF
RESET
XTAL1
OSCSEL
BSEL2
PJUMP
Hardware Description
3-14 STK500 User Guide
3.8.1 Target VCC Settings,
VTARGET
VTARGET controls the supply voltage to the target AVR microcontroller sockets. It can
either be controlled from AVR Studio or supplied from an external source. If the VTAR-
GET jumper is mounted, the On-board supply voltage is connected. The On-board
supply voltage can be adjusted to 0 - 6V from AVR Studio. Always verify the respective
datasheet for the AVR device operating voltage before adjusting VTARGET voltage.
Using the On-board supply voltage, approximately 0.5A can be delivered to the target
section. See “Appendix A” in Section 10.
If the VTARGET jumper is disconnected, target VCC must be supplied from an external
source at one of the VTG pins on the PORT headers. Figure 3-21 explains VTARGET
jumper options.
When using an external source for VTARGET, the user must control that VTARGET is
at a higher voltage level than AREF (analog reference voltage). Always connect com-
mon ground (GND) when using an external VTARGET voltage.
Figure 3-21. VTARGET Jumper Options
The STK500 master MCU controls the target voltage using the internal PWM. Figure 3-
22 shows the internal connection of the VTARGET signal.
Table 3-4. Description of Jumpers
Jumper Description of Default Setting
VTARGET On-board VTARGET supply connected.
AREF On-board Analog Voltage Reference connected.
RESET On-board Reset System connected.
XTAL1 On-board Clock System connected.
OSCSEL On-board Oscillator selected.
BSEL2 Unmounted. Used for High-voltage Programming of ATmega8,
ATmega16, ATmega161, ATmega163, ATmega128, and ATmega323.
PJUMP Unmounted. Used for High-voltage Programming of AT90S2333,
AT90S4433, and ATmega8.
VTARGET
AREF
VTARGET
AREF
Jumper Mounted
Jumper not Mounted
On-board VTARGET supply connected (default)
On-board VTARGET supply disconnected
Hardware Description
STK500 User Guide 3-15
Figure 3-22. VTARGET Connection
Note: The green LED will light when there is a voltage available on the VTG NET. It’s
impossible to use the debug or programming area of STK500 without VTG.
The internal VTarget has a short circuit protection. If VTarget is set to be higher than
0.3V and the Master MCU measures it to be below 0.3V for a duration of 80 ms, the
Master MCU will shut off the VTarget and the Internal AREF. When this happens, the
status LED will blink quickly.
If an external VTarget is used and the external VTarget is turned off, this will also be
detected by the STK500 as a (false) short circuit. The latter case can be avoided by low-
ering the internal VTarget below 0.3V.
3.8.2 Analog Reference
Voltage, AREF
The analog reference voltage (AREF) can supply the reference voltage to the On-chip
A/D Converter on the AVR. If the AREF jumper is mounted, the On-board analog refer-
ence voltage is connected to the AVR’s AREF. The On-board analog reference voltage
can be adjusted from AVR Studio to 0 - 6.0V, but not above VTARGET.
When the AREF jumper is disconnected, AREF voltage must be supplied from an exter-
nal source at the AREF pin on the PORTE/AUX header (Figure 3-6). Figure 3-23
explains AREF jumper options.
When using an external source for AREF, the user must control VTARGET at a higher
voltage level than AREF. This can be controlled easily by reading the VTG value from
AVR Studio before setting AREF.
Master
MCU
VTARGET
PWM
VTG NET
Green LED
Jumper
Voltage
regulator
10 - 15V
VIN
0 - 6V
Wr
Rd
ADC
Hardware Description
3-16 STK500 User Guide
Figure 3-23. AREF Jumper Options
The STK500 master MCU controls the analog reference voltage using the internal
PWM. The AVR’s AREF signal is also accessible on the PORTE header; this pin can
also be used for external AREF signal. Figure 3-24 shows the internal connection of the
AREF signal.
Figure 3-24. Internal AREF Connection
The AVR Studio-controlled analog reference voltage can also be used as an input to the
analog comparator or for ADC measurements on the AVR. AVR’s AREF signal can then
be connected to VTG.
The internal AREF has a short circuit protection. If an AREF value is set up to be higher
than 0.3V and the Master MCU measures it to be below 0.3V for a duration of 80 ms, the
master MCU will shut off the AREF. When this happens, the status LED will blink slowly.
The AREF will also be shut down by the Master MCU if a short circuit is detected on
VTarget (in addition to shutting down VTarget). In this case, the status LED will blink
quickly.
3.8.3 Reset Settings,
RESET
The RESET jumper controls the RESET signal to the STK500. When ISP programming
the target device in the socket, the master MCU programs the AVR device without inter-
fering with the application. When the RESET jumper is mounted, the master MCU
controls the RESET signal of the AVR. When the RESET jumper is not mounted, the
VTARGET
AREF
RESET
Jumper Mounted
On-board AREF voltage connected (default)
VTARGET
AREF
RESET
Jumper not Mounted
On-board AREF voltage disconnected
PE1
RST
GND
XT2
VTG
PE0
PE2
REF
XT1
GND
1 2
Master
MCU
AREF
PWM
AREF
PORTE/AUX
Jumper
Voltage
regulator
10 - 15V
VIN
0 - 6V
ADC
Wr
Rd
Hardware Description
STK500 User Guide 3-17
RESET signal is disconnected. This is useful for prototype applications with an external
reset system.
The RESET jumper must always be mounted when High-voltage Programming an AVR
device. When using an external reset system, it must allow the reset line to be controlled
by the master MCU reset system during programming. The RESET button is discon-
nected if the RESET jumper is not mounted. Figure 3-25 explains the RESET jumper
options.
Figure 3-25. RESET Jumper Options
The STK500 master MCU controls the RESET signal to the target AVR. The RESET
signal is accessible on the PORTE/AUX header; this pin can also be used for external
RESET signal. Figure 3-26 shows the internal connection of the RESET signal.
Figure 3-26. Internal RESET Connection
Note: During High-voltage Programming, STK500 applies 12V to the AVR’s RESET
line. Thus, an external reset circuit not capable of handling this must be discon-
nected before High-voltage Programming the AVR.
When connected to an external system, there is often an external pullup resistor con-
nected to the reset line. A typical reset connection is shown in Figure 3-27.
AREF
RESET
XTAL1
Jumper Mounted
AREF
RESET
XTAL1
Jumper not Mounted
On-board RESET Signal Disconnected
On-board RESET Signal Connected (default)
PE1
RST
GND
XT2
VTG
PE0
PE2
REF
XT1
GND
1 2
Master
MCU RESET NET
0V - VTG - 12V
RESET
CIRCUIT
RESET
PORTE/AUX
RESET
Jumper
Hardware Description
3-18 STK500 User Guide
Figure 3-27. External Reset Connection
If the external pullup resistor is too low (<4.7 kΩ), STK500 will not be able to pull the
RESET line low.
3.8.4 Clock Settings,
XTAL1 and OSCSEL
STK500 includes several clock options for the target AVR. Setting the jumpers XTAL1
and OSCSEL controls the clock selections. OSCSEL determines what signal to route to
the XTAL1 pin of the AVR.
When the XTAL1 jumper is connected, the STK500 internal clock system is used as
main clock to the target AVR. When XTAL1 jumper is not mounted, the internal clock
system is disconnected. This allows external clock signals or crystals to be used as tar-
get clock source for the AVR. Figure 3-28 illustrates the XTAL1 jumper option.
Figure 3-28. XTAL1 Jumper Options
When the XTAL1 jumper is not mounted, an external clock source or crystal can be con-
nected to the PORTE header. This is shown in Figure 3-30.
When the XTAL1 jumper is mounted, the STK500 internal clock system is used as main
clock to the target AVR. The internal clock system can either use a crystal in the
on-board crystal socket or a software-generated clock from the master MCU. The fre-
quency of the software-generated clock can be set from 0 to 3.68 MHz. The default
value is 3.68 MHz. Section 5.3.5.3 on page 5-6 explains how to set the clock frequency
from AVR Studio.
When using the STK500 software-generated clock system as main clock, the target
AVR microcontroller fuses should be configured for “external clock” as clock source.
This gives shortest start-up time for the microcontroller. For details of start-up time, see
R (4.7 kohm)
C (10 nF)
RESET
AREF
RESET
XTAL1
OSCSEL
Jumper Mounted
On-board XTAL1 Signal Connected (Default)
AREF
RESET
XTAL1
OSCSEL
Jumper not Mounted
On-board XTAL1 Signal Disconnected
Hardware Description
STK500 User Guide 3-19
the datasheet for the AVR microcontroller. For an explanation of clock source fuses con-
figuration, see Section 5.3.2 on page 5-3. Not all AVR devices have fuses for selection
between using a crystal or oscillator as clock source.
The internal clock system is selected with the OSCSEL jumper. Figure 3-29 shows the
jumper options for OSCSEL.
The On-board Oscillator will work with ceramic resonators or crystals between
2 - 20 MHz (AT-cut, fundamental and parallel resonant crystals).
Figure 3-29. OSCSEL Jumper Options
When programming AVR in High-voltage Programming mode, OSCSEL should be
mounted on pins 1 and 2 to give the master MCU control of the target clock. This is
explained in detail in paragraph 3.7.2 on page 3-10.
Note: In a real application with only one AVR connected to the crystal, there is no
need for an external oscillator circuit. The STK500 has eight different AVR
sockets connected to the same clock system. The long signal lines in this sys-
tem makes it difficult to drive a crystal with the On-chip Oscillators on the AVR.
The oscillator on STK500 is designed to operate on all target voltages from 1.8
to 6.0V.
XTAL1
OSCSEL
Jumper mounted on pins 1 and 2
On-board software clock signal connected (default)
Jumper mounted on pins 2 and 3
On-board crystal signal connected
Jumper not mounted
On-board XTAL1 signal disconnected
XTAL1
OSCSEL
XTAL1
OSCSEL
Hardware Description
3-20 STK500 User Guide
Figure 3-30. XTAL1 and OSCSEL Connections
3.8.5 BSEL2 Jumper The BSEL2 jumper connects the Byte Select 2 signal for High-voltage Programming of
ATmega8, ATmega16, ATmega161, ATmega163, ATmega128, and ATmega323. The
BSEL2 jumper should only be mounted when High-voltage Programming ATmega16,
ATmega161, ATmega163, ATmega128, or ATmega323. When using ATmega8, con-
nect the right BSEL2 pin to PC2 in the target area. See Figure 3-31. For descriptions of
the Byte Select 2 signal, see the programming section of the corresponding parts
datasheet.
Figure 3-31. BSEL2 Connection for ATmega8
3.8.6 PJUMP Jumpers The PJUMP jumpers route the programming pin of AT90S2333, AT90S4433, and
ATmega8 to the programming lines when using High-voltage Programming. The
PJUMP jumpers should only be mounted when using High-voltage Programming on
AT90S2333, AT90S4433, or ATmega8. During debugging, High-voltage Programming
of other parts and ISP programming, these jumpers should not be mounted.
Figure 3-32. PJUMP Jumpers Placement
PE1
RST
GND
XT2
VTG
PE0
PE2
REF
XT1
GND
1 2
XTAL1 NET
XTAL1
Voltage
converter
VTG5V
AVR
Studio
MASTER
MCU
CRYSTAL
PORTE
Jumper
Jumper
Oscillator
OSCSEL
3
2
1
BSEL2
PJUMP
Cable to PC2
Correct
Jumper
Placement
Not
Correct
Hardware Description
STK500 User Guide 3-21
3.9 Expansion
Connectors
STK500 has two expansion connectors, one on each side of the programming module.
All AVR I/O ports, programming signals and control signals are routed to the expansion
connectors. The expansion connectors allow easy prototyping of applications with
STK500. The pinout of the expansion connectors is shown in Figure 3-34 and Figure 3-
35.
Figure 3-33. Expansion Headers
Figure 3-34. Expansion Connector 0 Pinout
Expansion Header 0
Expansion Header 1
Prog Ctrl
Prog Data
Pin 1
Pin 1
1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
GND
AUXI0
CT7
CT5
CT3
CT1
NC
RST
PE1
GND
VTG
PC7
PC5
PC3
PC1
PA7
PA5
PA3
PA1
GND
GND
AUXO0
CT6
CT4
CT2
BSEL2
REF
PE2
PE0
GND
VTG
PC6
PC4
PC2
PC0
PA6
PA4
PA2
PA0
GND
Hardware Description
3-22 STK500 User Guide
Figure 3-35. Expansion Connector 1 Pinout
3.9.1 Signal Descriptions The signals AUXI1, AUXI0, AUXO1, and AUXO0 are intended for future use. Do not
connect these signals to your application.
The DATA[7:0] and CT[7:1] signals are also found on the Prog Data and Prog Ctrl con-
nectors. These signals and connectors are explained in Section 3.10 on page 3-22.
The BSEL2 signal is the same as that found on the BSEL2 jumper. This jumper is
explained in paragraph 3.8.5 on page 3-20.
The SI, SO, SCK, and CS signals are connected to the DataFlash. Use of the DataFlash
is described in paragraph 3.6 on page 3-5.
NC means that this pin is not connected.
The remaining signals are equal to those found on the PORT connectors, explained in
Section 3.4 on page 3-3.
Note: DATA, CT, and AUX signals are based on 5V CMOS logic. No voltage conver-
sion to adapt to VTG is done on these signals.
3.10 Prog Ctrl and
Prog Data
Headers
The Prog Ctrl and Prog Data headers are used for High-voltage Programming of the tar-
get AVR device. The placement of the headers is shown in Figure 3-33. During parallel
High-voltage Programming, the Prog Ctrl signals are routed to PORTD of the target
device. The Prog Data signals are routed to PORTB. See paragraph 3.7.2 on page 3-10
for a complete description of High-voltage Programming. The pinouts of the Prog Ctrl
and Prog Data headers are shown in Figure 3-36 and Figure 3-37. For more information
about High-voltage Programming of AVR devices, see the programming section of each
AVR datasheet.
Note: Prog Ctrl and Data connectors are connected directly to the master MCU with-
out level converters. This means that these signals are always 5V logic.
1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
GND
AUXI1
DATA7
DATA5
DATA3
DATA1
SI
SCK
XT1
VTG
GND
PB7
PB5
PB3
PB1
PD7
PD5
PD3
PD1
GND
GND
AUXO1
DATA6
DATA4
DATA2
DATA0
SO
CS
XT2
VTG
GND
PB6
PB4
PB2
PB0
PD6
PD4
PD2
PD0
GND
Hardware Description
STK500 User Guide 3-23
Figure 3-36. Prog Ctrl Header Pinout
The Prog Ctrl signals are normally used for the control signals when parallel High-
voltage Programming an AVR device.
Note: All Prog Ctrl signals are based on 5V CMOS logic. No voltage conversion to
adapt to VTG is done on these signals.
Figure 3-37. Prog Data Header Pinout
The Prog Data signals are used for the data bus when parallel High-voltage Program-
ming an AVR device. During ISP programming, DATA5 is used as MOSI, DATA6 is
used as MISO, and DATA7 is used for SCK.
Note: All Prog Data signals are based on 5V CMOS logic. No voltage conversion to
adapt to VTG is done on these signals.
CT1(RDY/BSY)
CT3(/WR)
CT5(XA0)
CT7(PAGEL)
NC
1 2
NC
(OE)CT2
(BS1)CT4
(XA1)CT6
GND
DATA1
DATA3
DATA5
DATA7
NC
DATA0
DATA2
DATA4
DATA6
GND
1 2
Hardware Description
3-24 STK500 User Guide
3.11 Miscellaneous STK500 has 2 push buttons and 3 LEDs for special functions and status indication. The
following section explains these features. Figure 3-38 shows the placement of these
functions.
Figure 3-38. Special Functions and Status Indication LEDs
3.11.1 RESET Push Button The RESET push button resets the target AVR device when pushed. The master MCU
is not controlled by the RESET push button. When the RESET jumper is not mounted,
the RESET push button is disabled.
3.11.2 PROGRAM Push
Button
Future versions of AVR Studio may upgrade the master MCU on STK500. AVR Studio
will then detect old software versions of STK500 and update the Flash program memory
of the master MCU. To do this, the user is required to push the PROGRAM button when
powering on STK500. AVR Studio issues instructions on how to perform the upgrade
during the upgrade process.
3.11.3 Main Power LED The red power LED is directly connected to the STK500 main power supply. The power
LED is always lit when power is applied to STK500.
3.11.4 Target Power LED The target power LED is connected to VCC lines (VTG) on the target AVR devices in the
sockets. The target power LED is lit when power is applied to the target AVR device.
3.11.5 Status LED The PROGRAM LED is a 3-color LED. During programming, the LED is yellow. When
the target AVR device is successfully programmed, the LED will turn green. If program-
ming fails, the LED will turn red to indicate that programming failed. When programming
fails, check the troubleshooting guide in Section 7 on page 7-1. During start-up, the sta-
tus LED will shift from red, through yellow, to green to indicate that the master MCU is
ready.
Target Power LED RESET Push Button
Main Power LED
Status LED
Program Push Button
STK500 User Guide 4-1
Section 4
Installing AVR Studio
AVR Studio, with its Integrated Development Environment (IDE), is the ideal software
for all AVR development. It has an editor, an assembler and a debugger and is front-end
for all AVR emulators and the STK500 starter kit.
To install AVR Studio, insert the supplied Atmel CD-ROM databook in the computer and
navigate to “Products → AVR 8-bit RISC → Software”. Right-click with the mouse on the
“AVRstudio.exe” file and select “save link as”. Select an empty directory and save the
file.
Execute the “AVRstudio.exe” file; this is a self-extracting file that will extract all required
files to the current directory. Execute the “Setup.exe” file; this will guide you through the
setup process.
Note: AVR Studio, version 3.2 or higher, is required for STK500 support.
Installing AVR Studio
4-2 STK500 User Guide
STK500 User Guide 5-1
Section 5
Using AVR Studio
5.1 Windows
Software
In this section, the supporting software for STK500 will be presented and an in-depth
description of the available programming options is given.
5.2 Starting the
Windows
Software
The software used for communicating with the STK500 development board is included
in AVR Studio, version 3.2 and higher. For information on how to install this software,
please see Section 4 on page 4-1. Once installed, AVR Studio can be started by double-
clicking on the AVR Studio icon. If default install options are used, the program is
located in the Windows “Start menu → Programs → Atmel AVR Tools” folder.
5.2.1 Starting STK500 Pressing the “AVR” button on the AVR Studio toolbar will start the STK500 user inter-
face as shown in Figure 5-1.
Figure 5-1. AVR Studio with STK500 User Interface
Using AVR Studio
5-2 STK500 User Guide
5.3 STK500 User
Interface
The STK500 user interface includes powerful features for the STK500 development
board. The available settings are divided into six groups, each selectable by clicking
on the appropriate tab. Since different devices have different features, the available
options and selections will depend on which device is selected. Unavailable features are
grayed out.
5.3.1 “Program” Settings The program settings are divided into four different subgroups.
5.3.1.1 Device A device is selected by selecting the correct device from the pull-down menu. This
group also includes a button that performs a chip erase on the selected device, erasing
both the Flash and EEPROM memories.
5.3.1.2 Programming Mode This group selects programming mode. For devices only supporting High-voltage Pro-
gramming, the ISP option will be grayed out. If both modes are available, select a mode
by clicking on the correct method. Checking “Erase Device Before Programming” will
force STK500 to perform a chip erase before programming code to the program memory
(Flash). Checking “Verify Device After Programming” will force STK500 to perform a
verification of the memory after programming it (both Flash and EEPROM).
5.3.1.3 Flash If the STK500 user interface is opened without a project loaded in AVR Studio, the “Use
Current Simulator/Emulator FLASH Memory” option will be grayed out. When a project
is open, this option allows programming of the Flash memory content currently present
in the Flash Memory view of AVR Studio. For more information about AVR Studio mem-
ory views, please take a look in the AVR Studio Help file.
If no project is running, or the source code is stored in a separate hex file, select the
“Input HEX File” option. Browse to the correct file by pressing the button or type the
complete path and filename in the text field. The selected file must be in “Intel-hex” for-
mat or “extended Intel-hex” format.
Figure 5-2. Program
Using AVR Studio
STK500 User Guide 5-3
5.3.1.4 EEPROM If the STK500 user interface is opened without a project loaded in AVR Studio, the “Use
Current Simulator/Emulator EEPROM Memory” option will be grayed out. When a
project is open, this option allows programming of the EEPROM memory content cur-
rently present in the EEPROM Memory view. For more information about AVR Studio
memory views, please take a look in the AVR Studio Help file.
If no project is running, or the source code is stored in a separate hex file, select the
“Input HEX File” option. Browse to the correct file by pressing the button or type the
complete path and filename in the text field. The selected file must be in “Intel-hex” for-
mat or “extended Intel-hex” format.
5.3.2 “Fuses” Settings In the “Fuses” tab an overview of accessible fuses are presented. Some fuses are only
available during High-voltage Programming. These will be displayed but not accessible
if operating in ISP programming mode. Press the “Read” button to read the current
value of the fuses, and the “Write” button to write the current fuse setting to the device.
Checking one of these check boxes indicates that this fuse should be enabled/pro-
grammed, which means writing a “0” to the fuse location in the actual device. Note that
the selected fuse setting is not affected by erasing the device with a chip-erase cycle
(i.e., pressing “Chip Erase” button in the “Program” settings).
Detailed information on what fuses are available in the different programming modes
and their functions can be found in the appropriate device datasheet.
Figure 5-3. Fuses
Using AVR Studio
5-4 STK500 User Guide
5.3.3 “LockBits” Settings Similar to the “Fuses” tab, the “LockBits” tab shows which lock modes are applicable to
the selected device. All lock bits are accessible in both ISP and High-voltage Program-
ming. A lock mode may consist of a combination of setting multiple Lock bits. This is
handled by the STK500 user interface, and the correct lock bits are programmed auto-
matically for the selected lock mode. Once a Lock mode protection level is enabled, it is
not possible to lower the protection level by selecting a “lower” degree of protection or
by setting a different Lock mode. The only way to remove a programmed Lock bit is to
perform a complete chip erase, erasing both program and data memories. One excep-
tion exists: If the target device has a programmed “EESAVE” fuse, the contents of the
EEPROM will be saved even though a complete chip erase on the device is performed.
Figure 5-4. Lock Bits
Using AVR Studio
STK500 User Guide 5-5
5.3.4 “Advanced”
Settings
The “Advanced” tab is currently divided into two subgroups.
5.3.4.1 Signature Bytes By pressing the “Read Signature” button, the signature bytes are read from the target
device. The signature bytes act like an identifier for the part. After reading the signature,
the software will check if it is the correct signature according to the choosen device.
Please refer to the AVR datasheets to read more about signature bytes.
Figure 5-5. Advanced
5.3.4.2 Oscillator
Calibration Byte
The oscillator calibration byte is written to the device during manufacturing, and cannot
be erased or altered by the user. The calibration byte is a tuning value that should be
written to the OSCCAL register in order to tune the internal RC oscillator.
5.3.4.3 Reading Oscillator
Calibration Byte
By pressing the “Read Cal. Byte” button, the calibration value is read from the device
and is shown in the “Value” text box. Note that the calibration byte is not directly acces-
sible during program execution and must be written to a memory location during
programming if it shall be used by the program. If this option is grayed out, the selected
device does not have a tunable internal RC oscillator.
5.3.4.4 Writing Oscillator
Calibration Byte
Since the calibration byte is not directly accessible during program execution, the user
should write the calibration byte into a known location in Flash or EEPROM memory. Do
this by writing the desired memory address in the “Write Address” text box and then
press the “Write to Memory” button. The calibration byte is then written to the memory
indicated by the “Flash” and “Eeprom” radio buttons.
Using AVR Studio
5-6 STK500 User Guide
5.3.5 “Board” Settings The “Board” tab allows the changing of operating conditions on the STK500 develop-
ment board. The following properties can be modified: VTARGET, AREF and oscillator
frequency.
The interface is very flexible and it is possible to force the operating conditions beyond
the recommended specifications for the device. Doing this is not recommended, and
may damage the target device. The recommended operating conditions for the part are
stated in the device datasheet.
Figure 5-6. Board
5.3.5.1 VTARGET VTARGET controls the operating voltage for the target board. Through the use of the
slide bar or the text box, this voltage can be regulated between 0 and 6.0V in 0.1V incre-
ments. Please refer to the device datasheet to find the specified voltage range for the
selected device. Both voltages are read by pressing the “Read Voltages” button, and
written by pressing the “Write Voltages” button.
The physical connection of the VTARGET voltage is shown in Figure 3-22 on page 3-15.
5.3.5.2 AREF AREF controls the analog reference voltage for the ADC converter. This setting only
apply to devices with AD converter. Through the use of the slide bar or the text box, this
voltage can be regulated between 0 and 6.0V in 0.1V increments. Please refer to the
device datasheet to find the valid voltage range for the selected device. Both VTARGET
and AREF are read by pressing the “Read Voltages” button, and written by pressing the
“Write Voltages” button.
It is not possible to set AREF to a higher voltage than VTARGET because this will per-
manently damage the AVR.
The physical connection of the AREF voltage is shown in Figure 3-24 on page 3-16.
5.3.5.3 Oscillator The STK500 development board uses a programmable oscillator circuit that offers a
wide range of frequencies for the target device.
Using AVR Studio
STK500 User Guide 5-7
Since it is not possible to generate an unlimited number of frequencies, the STK500
user interface will calculate the value closest to the value written to the oscillator text
box. The calculated value is then presented in the oscillator text box, overwriting the
previously written number.
5.3.6 “Auto” Settings When programming multiple devices with the same code, the “Auto” tab offers a power-
ful method of automatically going through a user-defined sequence of commands. The
commands are listed in the order they are executed (if selected). To enable a command,
the appropriate check box should be checked. For example, if only “Program FLASH” is
checked when the “Start” button is pressed, the Flash memory will be programmed with
the hex file specified in the “Program” settings. All commands depend on and use the
settings given in the STK500 user interface.
Figure 5-7. Auto
It is possible to log the command execution to a text file by checking the “Log to file”
check box.
5.3.6.1 Setting Up the
System for Auto-
programming
Click on the check boxes for the commands that you want the STK500 user interface to
perform. A typical sequence where the device is erased and then programmed is shown
in Figure 5-7. The chip is erased, both memories programmed and verified, and finally,
fuses and lock bits are programmed.
Once configured, the same programming sequence is executed every time the “Start”
button is pressed. This reduces both work and possibilities for errors due to operational
errors.
5.3.6.2 Logging the Auto-
programming to a
File
By clicking on the “Log to file” check box, all output from the commands are written to a
text file. Select or create the file by pressing the “Browse” button and navigate to the
location where the file is placed or should be created. The output is directed to this file,
and can be viewed and edited using a text editor.
Using AVR Studio
5-8 STK500 User Guide
5.3.7 History Window The History window is located at the bottom of the STK500 view. In this window the dia-
log between AVR Studio and STK500 is shown. For every new command performed,
the old dialog is replaced with the new one.
Figure 5-8. History Window
5.4 Command Line
Software
The DOS command line version of the STK500 software is useful for programming
STK500 from external editors or for use in production programmers. Simple batch files
can be made for automatic programming. Type “STK500 -?” for help.
The program returns ERRORCODE 0 if the operation was successful, and ERROR-
CODE 1 if the operation failed.
Command Line Switches:
[-d device name] [-m s|p] [-if infile] [-ie infile] [-of outfile]
[-oe outfile] [-s] [-O] [-Sf addr] [-Seaddr] [-e] [-p f|e|b]
[-r f|e|b] [-v f|e|b] [-l value] [-L value] [-y] [-f value] [-E value]
[-F value] [-G value] [-q] [-x value] [-af start,stop] [-ae start,stop]
[-c port] [-ut value] [-ua value] [-wt] [-wa] [-b h|s] [-! freq] [-t]
[-g] [-z] [-h|?]
5.5 Parameters d Device name. Must be applied when programming the device. See list below.
m Select programming mode; serial (s) or parallel/High-voltage (p).
Serial programming mode is the default, and is used if this parameteris not
applied.
if Name of FLASH input file. Required for programming or verification of the FLASH
memory. The file format is Intel Extended HEX.
Using AVR Studio
STK500 User Guide 5-9
ie Name of EEPROM input file. Required for programming or verification of the
EEPROM memory. The file format is Intel Extended HEX.
of Name of flash output file. Required for readout of the FLASH memory. The file
format is Intel Extended HEX.
oe Name of EEPROM output file. Required for readout of the EEPROM memory. The
file format is Intel Extended HEX.
s Read signature bytes.
O Read oscillator callibration byte.
Sf Write oscillator call. byte to FLASH memory. “addr” is byte address
Se Write oscillator call. byte to EEPROM memory. “addr” is byte address
e Erase device. If applied with another programming parameter, the device will be
erased before any other programming takes place.
p Program device; FLASH (f), EEPROM (e) or both (b). Corresponding input files
are required.
r Read out device; FLASH (f), EEPROM (e) or both (b). Corresponding output files
are required
v Verify device; FLASH (f), EEPROM (e) or both (b). Can be used with -p or stand
alone. Corresponding input files are required.
l Set lock byte. “value' is an 8-bit hex. value.
L Verify lock byte. “value” is an 8-bit hex. value to verify against.
y Read back lock byte.
f Set fuse bytes. “value” is a 16-bit hex. value describing the settings for the upper
and lower fuse.
E Set extended fuse byte. “value” is an 8-bit hex. value describing the extend fuse
settings.
F Verify fuse bytes. “value” is a 16-bit hex. value to verify against.
G Verify extended fuse byte. “value” is an 8-bit hex. value describing the extend fuse
settings.
q Read back fuse bytes.
x Fill unspecified locations with a value (0x00-0xff). The default is to not program
locations not specified in the input files.
af FLASH address range. Specifies the address range of operations. The default is
the entire FLASH. Byte addresses.
ae EEPROM address range. Specifies the address range of operations. The default
is the entire EEPROM. Byte addresses.
c Select communication port; “com1” to “com8”. If this parameter is ommitted the
program will scan the comm. ports for the STK500
ut Set target voltage VTARGET in Volts. “value” is a floating point value between 0.0
and 6.0, describing the new voltage.
ua Set adjustable voltage AREF in Volts. “value” is a floating point value between 0.0
and 6.0, describing the new voltage.
wt Get current target voltage VTARGET.
wa Get current adjustable voltage AREF.
b Get revisions; hardware revision (h) and software revision (s).
! Set oscillator frequency; “freq” is the frequency in Hz
t Get oscillator frequency.
g Silent operation.
Using AVR Studio
5-10 STK500 User Guide
z No progress indicator. For example, if piping to a file for log purposes, use this
option to avoid the non-ascii characters used for the indicator.
h|? Help information (overrides all other settings)
Figure 5-9. Sample Usage
stk500 -dAT90S8515 -ms -e -pf -vf -iftest.hex
Erase before Program
Program Flash
Name of hex File
Select Device Number
Serial Programming Mode Verify Device
STK500 User Guide 6-1
Section 6
In-System Programming of an
External Target System
The STK500 can be used as a programmer to program AVR devices in other applica-
tions. There are two different ISP connector pinouts available: a 6-pin and a 10-pin
version. Both are supported by STK500.
Figure 6-1. 6-pin ISP Connector Pinout
Figure 6-2. 10-pin ISP Connector Pinout
Select the device to be programmed in the same way as programming a device on the
STK500. The VCC of the target application is detected by STK500 and signals are con-
verted into voltage levels suitable for the target system.
Note: If the other application has its own power supply to VTG, the jumper VTARGET
must be removed before connecting STK500 to the other application. STK500
may be damaged if the VTARGET jumper is not removed.
VTG
MOSI
GND
MISO
SCK
RST
1 2
ISP6PIN
VTG
GND
GND
GND
GND
MOSI
NC
RST
SCK
MISO
1 2
ISP10PIN
In-System Programming of an External Target System
6-2 STK500 User Guide
STK500 User Guide 7-1
Section 7
Troubleshooting Guide
Table 7-1. Troubleshooting Guide
Problem Reason Solution
The red power LED is not on.
The DC power cable is not
connected.
Connect the DC power cable
to the DC jack (page 2-2).
Wrong power supply is used.
Check that the power supply
is of DC type 10 - 15V, min.
500 mA (page 2-2).
The power switch is off. Turn on the power switch.
The preprogrammed
example code does not
toggle the LEDs.
There is no AVR device in the
socket.
Plug the AVR device into the
right socket (page 2-3).
The LEDs are not connected
to the I/O ports.
Connect the LEDS header to
the PORTD header, and the
SWITCHES header to the
PORTB header (page 3-3).
The Flash memory is erased.
Connect STK500 to a PC
and reprogram the AVR
device (page 2-3).
The AVR device cannot be
programmed.
The PC serial cable is not
connected.
Connect the serial cable to
the PC COM port and the
RS232 PROG port.
The AVR device is inserted in
wrong socket.
Check that the correct socket
is used (page 3-9).
The AVR device is inserted
with wrong orientation.
Check that the notch on the
AVR socket matches the
notch on the AVR device.
The target ISP header is not
connected.
Connect the 6-pin flexible
cable from ISP6PIN header
to the correct SPROG target
ISP header (page 3-9).
The jumpers settings are
wrong.
Set jumper to default setup
(page 3-14).
The memory lock bits are
programmed.
Erase the memory before
programming.
Troubleshooting Guide
7-2 STK500 User Guide
The AVR device cannot be
programmed (continued).
Reset disable fuse is set. Check reset disable fuse.
Programming too fast
Check oscillator settings and
make sure it is not set higher
than actual clock.
External pullup resistor on
reset line too low.
Ensure that external pullup
resistor is ≥ 4.7 kΩ.
AVR Studio does not detect
STK500.
Serial cable is not connected,
or power is off.
Connect serial cable to
RS232 PROG and check
power connections.
PC COM port is in use.
Disable other programs that
are using PC COM port.
Change PC COM port.
AVR Studio does not detect
COM port.
Disable COM port auto-
detection in AVR Studio file
menu. Force COM port to
correct COM port.
STK500 cannot be switched
off.
Positive center power
connector is used.
Use negative center power
connector.
Turn off STK500 by removing
power connector.
The status LED is blinking
slowly
There is a short circuit on
AREF Resolve the short circuit.
The status LED is blinking
quickly.
There is a short circuit on
VTarget. Resolve the short circuit.
An external VTarget is being
used and has been turned
off.
Set VTarget to a value below
0.3V in AVR Studio.
The LEDs don’t work
(running from external
VTarget).
STK500 must be powered for
LEDs to work.
Supply poser to STK500 and
turn it on.
Table 7-1. Troubleshooting Guide (Continued)
Problem Reason Solution
STK500 User Guide 8-1
Section 8
Technical Support
For technical support, please contact avr@atmel.com. When requesting technical sup-
port for STK500, please include the following information:
Version number of AVR Studio. This can be found in the AVR Studio menu,
“Help →About”.
PC processor type and speed
PC operating system and version
What target AVR device is used (complete part number)
Programming voltage
Jumper settings
A detailed description of the problem
Technical Support
8-2 STK500 User Guide
STK500 User Guide 9-1
Section 9
Example Applications
9.1 Using LEDs and
Switches
Connect PORTB to LEDS and PORTD to SWITCHES.
LEDs will operate differently depending on what switch is pressed.
Tip: Copy the code from this document into AVR Studio.
;***** STK500 LEDS and SWITCH demonstration
.include "8515def.inc"
.def Temp =r16 ; Temporary register
.def Delay =r17 ; Delay variable 1
.def Delay2 =r18 ; Delay variable 2
;***** Initialization
RESET:
ser Temp
out DDRB,Temp ; Set PORTB to output
;**** Test input/output
LOOP:
out PORTB,temp ; Update LEDS
sbis PIND,0x00 ; If (Port D, pin0 == 0)
inc Temp ; then count LEDS one down
sbis PIND,0x01 ; If (Port D, pin1 == 0)
dec Temp ; then count LEDS one up
sbis PIND,0x02 ; If (Port D, pin2 == 0)
ror Temp ; then rotate LEDS one right
Example Applications
9-2 STK500 User Guide
sbis PIND,0x03 ; If (Port D, pin3 == 0)
rol Temp ; then rotate LEDS one left
sbis PIND,0x04 ; If (Port D, pin4 == 0)
com Temp ; then invert all LEDS
sbis PIND,0x05 ; If (Port D, pin5 == 0)
neg Temp ; then invert all LEDS and add 1
sbis PIND,0x06 ; If (Port D, pin6 == 0)
swap Temp ; then swap nibbles of LEDS
;**** Now wait a while to make LED changes visible.
DLY:
dec Delay
brne DLY
dec Delay2
brne DLY
rjmp LOOP ; Repeat loop forever
STK500 User Guide 10-1
Section 10
Appendix A
Figure 10-1. STK500 Block Diagram
CONTROL
MCU
TARGET
SOCKET
SECTION
EXPAND
CONNECTORS
POWER
SUPPLY
TARGET
POWER
SYSTEM
TARGET
RESET
SYSTEM
TARGET
CLOCK
SYSTEM
SERIAL
PROGRAMMING/
ISP
INTERFACE
DATAFLASH
TARGET
PUSH BUTTONS
TARGET
LEDS
SPARE
UART
POWER
BUTTON
CONTROL
UART
SELF-
PROG.
SYSTEM
RESET
BUTTON
PROGRAM
BUTTON
STATUS
LED
AUX
INTERFACE
HW
REVISION
AREF
VTARGET
RESET
XTAL1
CONTROL SECTION TARGET SECTION
PORT A
PORT B
PORT C
PORT D
PORT E/AUX
SWITCHES
LEDS
RS232 SPARE
DATAFLASH
RS232
SPARE
RS232
CTRL
POWER
CONNECTOR
POWER TO
CONTROL SECTION
CONNECTIONS
TO CONTROL
SECTION
SPROG1
SPROG2
SPROG3
ISP10PIN
PROG DATA
PROG CTRL
ISP6PIN
Appendix A
10-2 STK500 User Guide
© Atmel Corporation 2001.
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