MC145018P - Freescale Semiconductor

MC145018

Rev. 4.1, 09/2006

Freescale Semiconductor

Technical Data

Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. reserves the right to change the detail specifications, as may be required,

to permit improvements in the design of its products.

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Low-Power CMOS

Ionization Smoke Detector IC with

Interconnect and Temporal

Horn Driver

The MC145018, when used with an ionization chamber and a small number

of external components, will detect smoke. When smoke is sensed, an alarm is

sounded via an external piezoelectric transducer and internal drivers. This circuit

is designed to operate in smoke detector systems that comply with UL217 and

UL268 specifications.

Features

• Ionization Type with On-Chip FET Input Comparator

• Piezoelectric Horn Driver

• Guard Outputs on Both Sides of Detect Input

• Input-Protection Diodes on the Detect Input

• Low-Battery Trip Point, Internally Set, can be Altered Via External Resistor

• Detect Threshold, Internally Set, can be Altered Via External Resistor

• Pulse Testing for Low Battery Uses LED for Battery Loading

• Comparator Output for Detect

• Internal Reverse Battery Protection

• Strobe Output for External Trim Resistors

• I/O Pin Allows Up to 40 Units to be Connected for Common Signaling

• Supports NFPA 72, ANSi 53.41, and ISO 8201

Audible Emergency Evacuation Signals

• Power-On Reset Places IC in Standby Mode

• Pb-Free Packaging Designated by Suffix Code ED

ORDERING INFORMATION

Device Case No. Package

MC145018P

648-08 Plastic Dip

MC145018ED

MC145018

IONIZATION SMOKE DETECTOR

IC WITH INTERCONNECT AND

TEMPORAL HORN DRIVER

P SUFFIX

ED SUFFIX (PB-FREE)

PLASTIC DIP

CASE 648-08

I/O

LED

VDD

GUARD LO-Z

SILVER

BRASS

VSS

DETECT

COMP. OUT

LOW V SET

STROBE

OUT

TIMING

RESISTOR

FEEDBACK

OSC CAPACITOR

SENSITIVITY SET

DETECT INPUT

GUARD HI-Z

Figure 1. Pin Assignment

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Figure 2. Block Diagram

Table 1. Maximum Ratings(1)

(Voltages referenced to VSS)

1. Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur.

This device contains circuitry to protect the inputs against damage due to high static voltages or electric fields; however, it is advised that

normal precautions be taken to avoid application of any voltage higher than maximum rated voltages to this high impedance circuit. For

proper operation it is recommended that Vin and Vout be constrained to the range VSS ≤ (Vin or Vout) ≤ VDD.

Rating Symbol Value Unit

DC Supply Voltage VDD –0.5 to + 15 V

Input Voltage, All Inputs Except Pin 8 VIN –0.25 to VDD + 0.25 V

DC Current Drain per Input Pin, Except Pin 15 = 1 mA I10 mA

DC Current Drain per Output Pin I30 mA

Operating Temperature Range TA–10 to + 60 °C

Storage Temperature Range TSTG –55 to + 125 °C

Reverse Battery Time tRB 5.0 s

Low Battery

VDD

45 K

LOW V SET

DETECT

COMP. OUT

280 K

SENSITIVITY

SET

325 K

STROBE OUT 4

VDD

15 Detect

Input

Detect

Comparator

Guard

Amp

Lo-Z

14 16

Alarm

Logic

Power-on

Reset

OSC

And

Timing

I/O

FEEDBACK

SILVER

BRASS

5LED

VDD = Pin 6

VSS = Pin 9

12 7

VDD

To Other Units

HI-Z

VDD

Comparator

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Table 2. Recommended Operating Conditions

(Voltages referenced to VSS)

Parameter Symbol Value Unit

Supply Voltage VDD 9.0 V

Timing Capacitor —0.1 μF

Timing Resistor —8.2 MΩ

Battery Load (Resistor or LED) —10 mA

Table 3. Electrical Characteristics

(Voltages referenced to VSS, TA = 25°C)

Characteristic Symbol

VDD

VDC Min Typ(1) Max Unit

Operating Voltage VDD —6.0 —12 V

Output Voltage

Piezoelectric Horn Drivers (IOH = –16 mA)

Comparators (IOH = –30 μA)

Piezoelectric Horn Drivers (IOL = + 16 mA)

Comparators (IOL = +30 μA)

VOH

VOL

7.2

9.0

7.2

9.0

6.3

8.5

—

8.8

—

0.1

—

0.9

0.5

Output Voltage - LED Driver, IOL = 10 mA VOL 7.2 — — 3.0 V

Output Impedance, Active Guard

Pin 14

Pin 16

LO-Z

HI-Z

9.0

—

1000

kΩ

Operating Current (Rbias = 8.2 MΩ) IDD 9.0

12.0

—

5.0

—

9.0

12.0

μA

Input Current - Detect (40% R.H.) IIN 9.0 — — ±1.0 pA

Input Current, Pin 8 IIN 9.0 — — ±0.1 μA

Input Current @ 50°C, Pin 15 IIN — — — ±6.0 pA

Internal Set Voltage

Low Battery

Sensitivity

VLOW

VSET

9.0

—

7.2

—

7.8

%VDD

Hysteresis VHYS 9.0 75 100 150 mV

Offset Voltage (measured at VIN = VDD/2)

Active Guard

Detect Comparator

VOS

9.0

—

±100

±50

Input Voltage Range, Pin 8 VIN —VSS –10 —VDD + 10 V

Input Capacitance CIN — — 5.0 —pF

Common Mode Voltage Range, Pin 15 VCM —0.6 —VDD –2 V

I/O Current, Pin 2

Input, VIH = VDD –2

Output, VOH = VDD –2

IIH

IOH

—

–4.0

—

100

—16

μA

1. Data labelled “Typ'' is not to be used for design purposes but is intended as an indication of the IC's potential performance.

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Figure 3. Typical LED Output I-V Characteristic Figure 4. Typical Comparator Output I-V Characteristic

Figure 5. Typical P Horn Driver Output I-V Characteristic

DEVICE OPERATION

Timing

The internal oscillator of the MC145018 operates with a

period of 1.65 seconds during no-smoke conditions. Each

1.65 seconds, internal power is applied to the entire IC and a

check is made for smoke, except during LED pulse, Low

Battery Alarm Chirp, or Horn Modulation (in smoke). Every 24

clock cycles a check is made for low battery by comparing

VDD to an internal zener voltage. Since very small currents

are used in the oscillator, the oscillator capacitor should be of

a low leakage type.

Detect Circuitry

If smoke is detected, the oscillator period becomes

41.67 ms and the piezoelectric horn oscillator circuit is

Table 4. Timing Parameters

(C = 0.1 μF, Rbias = 8.2 MΩ, VDD = 9.0 V, TA = 25°C, See Figure 7)

Characteristics Symbol Min Max Units

Oscillator Period No Smoke

Smoke

tCI 1.46

37.5

1.85

45.8

Oscillator Rise Time tR10.1 12.3 ms

Horn Output On Time

(During Smoke) Off Time

PWON

PWOFF

450

550

LED Output Between Pulses

On Time

tLED

PWON

35.0

10.1

44.5

12.3

Horn Output On Time

(During Low Battery) Between Pulses

tON

tOFF

10.1

35.0

12.3

44.5

VDS, Drain To Source Voltage (VDC)

0 1234 5678910

0.1

1.0

10.0

100.0

= 9.0 V

, Drain Current (mA)

= 7.2 V

= 25°C

VDS, Drain To Source Voltage (VDC)

012 34 56 78910

0.01

0.1

1.0

10.0

= 9.0 V

or 7.2 V

= 25°C

P-CH Source

and N-CH

Sink Current

, Drain Current (mA)

0 1234 56 7 8910

1.0

10.0

100.0

1000.0

TA = 25°C

VDS, Drain To Source Voltage (Vdc)

N-CH SInk Current

VDD = 7.2 Vdc

VDD = 9.0 Vdc

012345678910

1.0

10.0

100.0

1000.0

, Drain Current (mA)

TA = 25°C

VDS, Drain To Source Voltage (Vdc)

P-CH Source Current

VDD = 7.2 Vdc

VDD = 9.0 Vdc

, Drain Current (mA)

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enabled. The horn output is modulated 500 ms on, 500 ms

off. During the off time, smoke is again checked and will

inhibit further horn output if no smoke is sensed. During local

smoke conditions the low battery alarm is inhibited, but the

LED pulses at a 1.0 Hz rate. In remote smoke, the LED is

inhibited as well.

An active guard is provided on both pins adjacent to the

detect input. The voltage at these pins will be within 100 mV

of the input signal. This will keep surface leakage currents to

a minimum and provide a method of measuring the input

voltage without loading the ionization chamber. The active

guard op amp is not power strobed and thus gives constant

protection from surface leakage currents. Pin 15 (the Detect

input) has internal diode protection against static damage.

Interconnect

The I/O (Pin 2), in combination with VSS, is used to

interconnect up to 40 remote units for common signaling. A

Local Smoke condition activates a current limited output

driver, thereby signaling Remote Smoke to interconnected

units. A small current sink improves noise immunity during

non-smoke conditions. Remote units at lower voltages do not

draw excessive current from a sending unit at a higher

voltage. The I/O is disabled for three oscillator cycles after

power up, to eliminate false alarming of remote units when

the battery is changed.

Sensitivity/Low Battery Thresholds

Both the sensitivity threshold and the low battery voltage

levels are set internally by a common voltage divider (see

Figure 2) connected between VDD and VSS. These voltages

can be altered by external resistors connected from pins 3 or

13 to either VDD or VSS. There will be a slight interaction

here due to the common voltage divider network. The

sensitivity threshold can also be set by adjusting the smoke

chamber ionization source.

Test Mode

Since the internal op amps and comparators are power

strobed, adjustments for sensitivity or low battery level could

be difficult and/or time-consuming. By forcing Pin 12 to VSS,

the power strobing is bypassed and the output, Pin 1,

constantly shows smoke/no smoke. Pin 1 = VDD for smoke.

In this mode and during the 10 ms power strobe, chip current

rises to approximately 50 μA.

LED Pulse

The 9-volt battery level is checked every 40 seconds

during the LED pulse. The battery is loaded via a 10 mA

pulse for 11.6 ms. If the LED is not used, it should be replaced

with an equivalent resistor such that the battery loading

remains at 10 mA.

Hysteresis

When smoke is detected, the resistor/divider network that

sets sensitivity is altered to increase sensitivity. This yields

approximately 100 mV of hysteresis and reduces false

triggering.

Figure 6. Typical Application as Ionization Smoke Detector

Other

Units

MC145018

116

330 Ω

8.2 MΩ

9 V

0.1 μF

1.5 MΩ*0.001 μF220 kΩ*

0.1 μF

1 M 1 M

TEST

*NOTE: Component values may change

depending on type of

piezoelectric horn used.

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Figure 7. MC145017 Timing Diagram

NOTE:

1. Horn modulation is self-completing. When going from smoke to no smoke, the alarm condition will terminate only when

horn is off.

Comparators are strobed once per cycle (1.65 sec for no smoke, 40 msec for smoke).

For timing under remote conditions, refer to MC14468 data sheet.

Figure 8. Horn Modulation

OSC

Pin 12

Smoke - N

- Y

Low Bat - Y

- N

HYST

Pin 13

Horn - On

- Off

LED - Off

- On

234567 9

No Smk

No Low Bat

Low Battery Chirp

OSC

Pin 12

Smoke - N

- Y

No Smk

23 24 1 6 12 18 24

Smoke

Latch Alarm Condition

( 100 mV Level Shift)

NFPA Mod

Low Bat - Y

- N

Horn - On

- Off

LED - Off

- On

(Note 1)

24 Clocks 24 Clocks

No Smoke, Low Battery

>> >>

NFPA72: Temporal Horn

Modulation Pattern

Traditional 4/6 Horn

Modulation Pattern

0.5 Sec 0.5 Sec 0.5 Sec 0.5 Sec 0.5 Sec 1.5 Sec

167msec

83 msec

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MC145018

CASE 648-08

ISSUE R

16-LEAD PLASTIC DIP

NOTES:

DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI

Y14.5M, 1982.

CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.

DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHEN

FORMED PARALLEL.

DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH.

ROUNDED CORNERS OPTIONAL.

-A-

GD16 PL

SEATING

PLANE

916

-T-

0.25 (0.010) T

DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX

MILLIMETERSINCHES

A0.740 0.770 18.80 19.55

B0.250 0.270 6.35 6.85

C0.145 0.175 3.69 4.44

D0.015 0.021 0.39 0.53

F0.040 0.70 1.02 1.77

G0.100 BSC 2.54 BSC

H0.050 BSC 1.27 BSC

J0.008 0.015 0.21 0.38

K0.110 0.130 2.80 3.30

L0.295 0.305 7.50 7.74

M010010

S0.020 0.040 0.51 1.01

STYLE 1:

PIN 1. CATHODE

2. CATHODE

3. CATHODE

4. CATHODE

5. CATHODE

6. CATHODE

7. CATHODE

8. CATHODE

9. ANODE

10. ANODE

11. ANODE

12. ANODE

13. ANODE

14. ANODE

15. ANODE

16. ANODE

STYLE 2:

PIN 1. COMMON DRAIN

2. COMMON DRAIN

3. COMMON DRAIN

4. COMMON DRAIN

5. COMMON DRAIN

6. COMMON DRAIN

7. COMMON DRAIN

8. COMMON DRAIN

9. GATE

10. SOURCE

11. GATE

12. SOURCE

13. GATE

14. SOURCE

15. GATE

16. SOURCE

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PACKAGE DIMENSIONS

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MC145018

Rev. 4.1

09/2006

RoHS-compliant and/or Pb-free versions of Freescale products have the functionality

and electrical characteristics of their non-RoHS-compliant and/or non-Pb-free

counterparts. For further information, see http://www.freescale.com or contact your

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