LMC7221
LMC7221 Tiny CMOS Comparator with Rail-To-Rail Input and Open Drain Output
Literature Number: SNOS748D
LMC7221
Tiny CMOS Comparator with Rail-To-Rail Input and Open
Drain Output
General Description
The LM7221 is a micropower CMOS comparator available in
the space saving 5-Pin SOT23 package. This makes this
comparator ideal for space and weight critical designs. The
LMC7221 is also available in the 8-Pin SOIC package. The
LMC7221 is supplied in two offset voltage grades, 5 mV and
15 mV.
The open drain output can be pulled up with a resistor to a
voltage which can be higher or lower than the supply
voltage — this makes the part useful for mixed voltage sys-
tems.
For a tiny comparator with a push-pull output, please see the
LMC7211 datasheet.
Features
nTiny 5-Pin SOT23 package saves space
nPackage is less than 1.43 mm thick
nGuaranteed specs at 2.7V, 5V, 15V supplies
nTypical supply current 7 µA at 5V
nResponse time of 4 µs at 5V
nLMC7221 — open drain output
nInput common-mode range beyond V
−
and V
+
nLow input current
Applications
nMixed voltage battery powered products
nNotebooks and PDAs
nPCMCIA cards
nMobile communications
nAlarm and security circuits
nDriving low current LEDs
nDirect sensor interface
Connection Diagrams
8-Pin SOIC
01234601
Top View
5-Pin SOT23
01234602
Top View
Ordering Information
Package Part Number Package Marking Transport Media NSC Drawing
8-Pin SOIC
LMC7221AIM LMC7221AIM 95 Units/Rail
M08A
LMC7221AIMX 2.5k Units Tape and Reel
LMC7221BIM LMC7221BIM 95 Units/Rail
LMC7221BIMX 2.5k Units Tape and Reel
5-Pin SOT23
LMC7221AIM5 C01A 1k Units Tape and Reel
MF05A
LMC7221AIM5X 3k Units Tape and Reel
LMC7221BIM5 C01B 1k Units Tape and Reel
LMC7221BIM5X 3k Units Tape and Reel
September 2006
LMC7221 Tiny CMOS Comparator with Rail-To-Rail Input and Open Drain Output
© 2006 National Semiconductor Corporation DS012346 www.national.com
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/
Distributors for availability and specifications.
ESD Tolerance (Note 2) 2 kV
Differential Input Voltage V
+
+0.3V, V
−
−0.3V
Voltage at Input V
+
+0.3V, V
−
−0.3V
Voltage at Output Pin 15V
Supply Voltage (V
+
–V
−
) 16V
Current at Input Pin (Note 6) ±5mA
Current at Output Pin
(Notes 3, 7) ±30 mA
Current at Power Supply Pin 40 mA
Lead Temperature (soldering,
10 sec.) 260˚C
Junction Temperature (Note 4) 150˚C
Operating Ratings (Note 1)
Supply Voltage 2.7 ≤V
CC
≤15V
Temperature Range (Note 4)
LMC7221AI, LMC7221BI −40˚C to +85˚C
Thermal Resistance (θ
JA
)
8-Pin SOIC 180˚C/W
5-Pin SOT23 325˚C/W
2.7V Electrical Characteristics
Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T
J
= 25˚C, V
+
= 2.7V, V
−
= 0V, V
CM
=V
O
=V
+
/2. Boldface limits apply at
the temperature extremes.
Typ LMC7221AI LMC7221BI
Symbol Parameter Conditions (Note 5) Limit Limit Units
(Note 6) (Note 6)
V
OS
Input Offset Voltage 3 5 15 mV
818max
TCV
OS
Input Offset Voltage 1.0 µV/˚C
Temperature Drift
Input Offset Voltage (Note 9) 3.3 µV/Month
Average Drift
I
B
Input Current 0.04 pA
I
OS
Input Offset Current 0.02 pA
CMRR Common Mode 0V ≤V
CM
≤2.7V 75 dB
Rejection Ratio
PSRR Power Supply 2.7V ≤V
+
≤15V 80 dB
Rejection Ratio
A
V
Voltage Gain 100 dB
CMVR Input Common-Mode CMRR >55 dB 3.0 2.9 2.9 V
Voltage Range 2.7 2.7 min
CMRR >55 dB −0.3 −0.2 −0.2 V
0.0 0.0 max
V
OL
Output Voltage Low I
LOAD
= 2.5 mA 0.2 0.3 0.3 V
0.4 0.4 max
I
S
Supply Current V
OUT
= Low 7 12 12 µA
14 14 max
LMC7221
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5.0V and 15.0V Electrical Characteristics
Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T
J
= 25˚C, V
+
= 5.0V and 15V, V
−
= 0V, V
CM
=V
O
=V
+
/2. Boldface limits
apply at the temperature extremes.
Typ LMC7221AI LMC7221BI
Symbol Parameter Conditions (Note 5) Limit Limit Units
(Note 6) (Note 6)
V
OS
Input Offset Voltage 3 5 15 mV
818max
TCV
OS
Input Offset Voltage V
+
= 5V 1.0 µV/˚C
Temperature Drift V
+
= 15V 4.0
Input Offset Voltage V
+
= 5V (Note 9) 3.3 µV/Month
Average Drift V
+
= 15V (Note 9) 4.0
I
B
Input Current 0.04 pA
I
OS
Input Offset Current 0.02 pA
CMRR Common Mode V
+
= 5.0V 75 dB
Rejection Ration V
+
= 15.0V 82 dB
PSRR Power Supply 5V ≤V
+
≤10V 80 dB
Rejection Ratio
A
V
Voltage Gain 100 dB
CMVR Input Common-Mode V
+
= 5.0V 5.3 5.2 5.2 V
Voltage Range CMRR >55 dB 5.0 5.0 min
V
+
= 5.0V −0.3 −0.2 −0.2 V
CMRR >55 dB 0.0 0.0 max
V
+
= 15.0V 15.3 15.2 15.2 V
CMRR >55 dB 15.0 15.0 min
V
+
= 15.0V −0.3 −0.2 −0.2 V
CMRR >55 dB 0.0 0.0 max
V
OL
Output Voltage Low V
+
= 5V 0.2 0.40 0.40 mV
I
LOAD
=5mA 0.55 0.55 max
V
+
= 15V 0.2 0.40 0.40 mV
I
LOAD
=5mA 0.55 0.55 max
I
S
Supply Current V
OUT
= Low 7 14 14 µA
18 18 max
I
SC
Short Circuit Current Sinking (Note 7) 45 mA
Leakage Characteristics
T
J
= 25˚C
Typ LMC7221AI LMC7221BI
Symbol Parameter Conditions (Note 5) Limit Limit Units
(Note 6) (Note 6)
I
LEAKAGE
Output Leakage V
+
= 2.7V
Current V
IN
(+) = 0.5V 0.1 500 500 nA
V
IN
(−)=0V
V
OUT
= 15V
LMC7221
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AC Electrical Characteristics
Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T
J
= 25˚C, V
+
= 5V, V
−
= 0V, V
CM
=V
O
=V
+
/2. Boldface limits apply at
the temperature extreme.
Typ LMC7221AI LMC7221BI
Symbol Parameter Conditions (Note 5) Limit Limit Units
(Note 6) (Note 6)
t
rise
Rise Time f = 10 kHz, C
L
= 50 pF, (Note 8) 0.3 µs
Overdrive = 10 mV, 5 kΩPullup
t
fall
Fall Time f = 10 kHz, C
L
= 50 pF, (Note 8) 0.3 µs
Overdrive = 10 mV, 5 kΩPullup
t
PHL
Propagation Delay
(High to Low) (Note 10)
f = 10 kHz, C
L
=50pF,
5kΩPullup (Note 8)
10 mV 10 µs
100 mV 4
V
+
= 2.7V,f=10kHz,
C
L
=50pF,5kΩPullup
(Note 8)
10 mV 10
µs
100 mV 4
t
PLH
Propagation Delay
(Low to High) (Note 10)
f = 10 kHz, C
L
=50pF,
5kΩPullup (Note 8)
10 mV 6 µs
100 mV 4
V
+
= 2.7V,f=10kHz,
C
L
=50pF,5kΩPullup
(Note 8)
10 mV 7
µs
100 mV 4
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is
intended to be functional, but specific performance is not guaranteed. For guaranteed specifications and the test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics.
Note 2: Human Body Model, applicable std. MIL-STD-883, Method 3015.7. Machine Model, applicable std. JESD22-A115-A (ESD MM std. of JEDEC)
Field-Induced Charge-Device Model, applicable std. JESD22-C101-C (ESD FICDM std. of JEDEC).
Note 3: Applies to both single-supply and split-supply operation. Continuous short circuit operation at elevated ambient temperature can result in exceeding the
maximum allowed junction temperature of 150˚C. Output currents in excess of ±30 mA may adversely affect reliability.
Note 4: The maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(MAX),θJA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is PD=(T
J(MAX) –T
A)/
θJA. All numbers apply for packages soldered directly onto a PC Board.
Note 5: Typical values represent the most likely parametric norm as determined at the time of characterization. Actual typical values may vary over time and will
also depend on the application and configuration. The typical values are not tested and are not guaranteed on shipped production material.
Note 6: All limits are guaranteed by testing or statistical analysis.
Note 7: Limiting input pin current is only necessary for input voltages which exceed the absolute maximum input voltage rating.
Note 8: Do not short circuit the output to V+when V+is greater than 12V or reliability will be adversely affected.
Note 9: CLincludes the probe and test jig capacitance.
Note 10: Input offset voltage average drift is calculated by dividing the accelerated operating life VOS drift by the equivalent operational time. This represents worst
case input conditions and includes the first 30 days of drift.
Note 11: Input step voltage for propagation delay measurement is 2V.
LMC7221
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Typical Performance Characteristics
Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage Supply Current vs. Temperature while Sinking
01234603 01234604
Output Sinking Current vs. Supply Voltage Output Sinking Current vs. Output Voltage @5V
01234605 01234606
Output Sinking Current vs. Output Voltage @15V Response Time for Various Input Overdrives −t
PHL
01234607
01234608
LMC7221
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
Response Time vs. Various Input Overdrives −t
PHL
Response Time vs Various Input Overdrives −t
PHL
01234609 01234610
Input Bias Current vs. Common Mode Voltage Input Bias Current vs. Common Mode Voltage
01234611 01234612
Input Bias Current vs. Common Mode Voltage Input Bias Current vs. Temperature
01234613 01234614
LMC7221
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
Leakage Current vs. Supply Voltage
01234615
Application Information
1.0 BENEFITS OF THE LMC7221 TINY COMPARATOR
Size
The small footprint of the 5-Pin SOT23 packaged Tiny Com-
parator, (0.120 x 0.118 inches, 3.05 x 3.00 mm) saves space
on printed circuit boards, and enable the design of smaller
electronic products. Because they are easier to carry, many
customers prefer smaller and lighter products.
Height
The height (0.056 inches, 1.43 mm) of the Tiny Comparator
makes it possible to use it in PCMCIA type III cards.
Simplified Board Layout
The Tiny Comparator can simplify board layout in several
ways. First, by placing a comparator where comparators are
needed, instead of routing signals to a dual or quad device,
long pc traces may be avoided.
By using multiple Tiny Comparators instead of duals or
quads, complex signal routing and possibly crosstalk can be
reduced.
Low Supply Current
The typical 7 µA supply current of the LMC7221 extends
battery life in portable applications, and may allow the reduc-
tion of the size of batteries in some applications.
Wide Voltage Range
The LMC7221 is characterized at 15V, 5V and 2.7V. Perfor-
mance data is provided at these popular voltages. This wide
voltage range makes the LMC7221 a good choice for de-
vices where the voltage may vary over the life of the batter-
ies.
Digital Outputs Representing Signal Level
Comparators provide a high or low digital output depending
on the voltage levels of the (+) and (−) inputs. This makes
comparators useful for interfacing analog signals to micro-
processors and other digital circuits. The LMC7221 can be
thought of as a one-bit a/d converter.
Open Drain Output
The open drain output is like the open collector output of a
logic gate. This makes the LMC7221 very useful for mixed
voltage systems.
Driving LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes)
With a 5 volt power supply, the LMC7221’s output sinking
current can drive small, high efficiency LEDs for indicator
and test point circuits. The small size of the Tiny package
makes it easy to find space to add this feature to even
compact designs.
Input range to Beyond Rail to Rail
The input common mode range of the LMC7221 is slightly
larger than the actual power supply range. This wide input
range means that the comparator can be used to sense
signals close to the power supply rails. This wide input range
can make design easier by eliminating voltage dividers, am-
plifiers, and other front end circuits previously used to match
signals to the limited input range of earlier comparators. This
is useful to power supply monitoring circuits which need to
sense their own power supply, and compare it to a reference
voltage which is close to the power supply voltage. The wide
input range can also be useful for sensing the voltage drop
across a current sense resistor for battery chargers.
Zero Crossing Detector
Since the LMC7221’s common mode input range extends
below ground even when powered by a single positive sup-
ply, it can be used with large input resistors as a zero
crossing detector.
Low Input Currents and High Input Impedance
These characteristics allow the LMC7221 to be used to
sense high impedance signals from sensors. They also
make it possible to use the LMC7221 in timing circuits built
with large value resistors. This can reduce the power dissi-
pation of timing circuits. For very long timing circuits, using
high value resistors can reduce the size and cost of large
value capacitors for the same R-C time constant.
LMC7221
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Application Information (Continued)
Direct Sensor Interfacing
The wide input voltage range and high impedance of the
LMC7221 may make it possible to directly interface to a
sensor without the use of amplifiers or bias circuits. In cir-
cuits with sensors which can produce outputs in the tens to
hundreds of millivolts, the LMC7221 can compare the sensor
signal with an appropriately small reference voltage. This
may be done close to ground or the positive supply rail.
Direct sensor interfacing may eliminate the need for an
amplifier for the sensor signal. Eliminating the amplifier can
save cost, space, and design time.
2.0 LOW VOLTAGE OPERATION
Comparators are the common devices by which analog sig-
nals interface with digital circuits. The LMC7221 has been
designed to operate at supply voltages of 2.7V without sac-
rificing performance to meet the demands of 3V digital sys-
tems.
At supply voltages of 2.7V, the common-mode voltage range
extends 200 mV (guaranteed) below the negative supply.
This feature, in addition to the comparator being able to
sense signals near the positive rail, is extremely useful in low
voltage applications.
At V
+
= 2.7V propagation delays are t
PLH
=4µsandt
PHL
=
4 µs with overdrives of 100 mV.
Please refer to the performance curves for more extensive
characterization.
3.0 OPEN DRAIN OUTPUT
Figure 2 shows the difference between push-pull output and
open drain output.
Push pull outputs will have a conventional high or low digital
output, the same as a logic gate. Low will be the negative
supply rail (usually ground) and high will be the positive
supply rail.
This is useful if the chips you are interfacing to run on the
same supply voltage as the comparator. An example would
be an all +5V system.
Open drain outputs will only pull low — for the high output
they depend on an external pull-up resistor. This can pull up
to a voltage higher or lower than the comparator supply
voltage. This voltage can be as high as 15V. This makes the
open drain parts useful in mixed voltage systems. An ex-
ample would be where the comparator runs at 5V and the
logic circuits are at 3.3V. The pull-up resistor would go to the
3.3V supply.
Open drain outputs are the CMOS equivalent of open col-
lector outputs.
01234616
FIGURE 1. Even at Low-Supply Voltage of 2.7V, an
Input Signal which Exceeds the Supply Voltages
Produces No Phase Inversion at the Output
Output Stage
01234617
01234621
FIGURE 2.
LMC7221
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Application Information (Continued)
4.0 OUTPUT SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT
The LMC7221 has short circuit protection of 40 mA. How-
ever, it is not designed to withstand continuous short circuits,
transient voltage or current spikes, or shorts to any voltage
beyond the supplies. A resistor in series with the output
should reduce the effect of shorts. For outputs which send
signals off PC boards additional protection devices, such as
diodes to the supply rails, and varistors may be used.
5.0 INPUT PROTECTION
If input signals are likely to exceed the common mode range
of the LMC7221, or it is likely that signals may be present
when power is off, damage to the LMC7221 may occur.
Large value (100 kΩto MΩ) input resistors may reduce the
likelihood of damage by limiting the input currents. Since the
LMC7221 has very low input leakage currents, the effect on
accuracy will be small. Additional protection may require the
use of diodes, as shown in Figure 3. Note that diode leakage
current may affect accuracy during normal operation.
The R-C time constant of R
IN
and the diode capacitance may
also slow response time.
6.0 LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS
The LMC7221 is not an especially fast comparator, so high
speed design practices are not required. The LMC7221 is
capable of operating with very high impedance inputs, so
precautions should be taken to reduce noise pickup with
high impedance (∼100 kΩand greater) designs and in
electrically noisy environments.
Keeping high value resistors close to the LMC7221 and
minimizing the size of the input nodes is a good practice.
With multilayer designs, try to avoid long loops which could
act as inductors (coils). Sensors which are not close to the
comparator may need twisted pair or shielded connections
to reduce noise.
7.0 PUSH-PULL OUTPUTS, DUAL VERSIONS
The LMC7211 is a comparator similar to the LMC7221, but
with push-pull outputs which can source current.
The performance of the LMC7221 is available in a dual
device. Please see the LMC6772 datasheet. For a dual
device with push-pull outputs, please see the LMC6762
datasheet.
Rail-to-Rail Input Low Power Comparators —
Push-Pull Output
LMC7221 5-Pin SOT23, 8-Pin SOIC Single
LMC6762 8-Pin SOIC Dual
Open Drain Output
LMC7221 5-Pin SOT23, 8-Pin SOIC Single
LMC6772 8-Pin SOIC Dual
8.0 ADDITIONAL 5-Pin SOT23 TINY DEVICES
National Semiconductor has additional parts available in the
space saving SOT23 Tiny package, including amplifiers,
voltage references, and voltage regulators. These devices
include —
LMC7101 1 MHz gain-bandwidth rail-to-rail input and output
amplifier — high input impedance and high gain
700 µA typical current 2.7V, 3V, 5V and 15V
specifications.
LMC7111 Low power 50 kHz gain-bandwidth rail-to-rail in-
put and output amplifier with 25 µA typical current
specified at 2.7V, 3.0V, 3.3V, 5V and 10V.
LM7131 Tiny Video amp with 70 MHz gain bandwidth 3V,
5V and ±5V specifications.
LP2980 Micropower SOT 50 mA Ultra Low-Dropout
Regulator.
LM4040 Precision micropower shunt voltage reference.
Fixed voltages of 2.500V, 4.096V, 5.000V, 8.192V
and 10.000V.
LM4041 Precision micropower shut voltage reference
1.225V and adjustable.
LM385 Low current voltage reference. Fixed Voltages of
1.2V and 2.5V.
Contact your National Semiconductor representative for the
latest information.
9.0 SPICE MACROMODEL
A Spice Macromodel is available for the LMC7221 compara-
tor on the National Semiconductor Amplifier Macromodel
disk. Contact your National Semiconductor representative to
obtain the latest version.
01234618
FIGURE 3.
LMC7221
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Application Information (Continued)
REEL DIMENSIONS
01234619
8 mm 7.00 0.059 0.512 0.795 2.165 0.331 + 0.059/−0.000 0.567 W1+ 0.078/−0.039
330.00 1.50 13.00 20.20 55.00 8.40 + 1.50/−0.00 14.40 W1 + 2.00/−1.00
Tape Size A B C D N W1 W2 W3
SOT-23-5 Tape and Reel Specification
TAPE FORMAT
Tape Section # Cavities Cavity Status Cover Tape Status
Leader 0 (min) Empty Sealed
(Start End) 75 (min) Empty Sealed
Carrier 3000 Filled Sealed
1000 Filled Sealed
Trailer 125 (min) Empty Sealed
(Hub End) 0 (min) Empty Sealed
LMC7221
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SOT-23-5 Tape and Reel Specification (Continued)
Tape Dimensions
01234620
8 mm 0.130 0.124 0.130 0.126 0.138 ±0.002 0.055 ±0.004 0.157 0.315 ±0.012
(3.3) (3.15) (3.3) (3.2) (3.5 ±0.05) (1.4 ±0.11) (4) (8 ±0.3)
Tape Size DIM A DIM Ao DIM B DIM Bo DIM F DIM Ko DIM P1 DIM W
LMC7221
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Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted
8-Pin Small Outline Package
NS Package Number M08A
5-Pin SOT Package
NS Package Number MF05A
LMC7221
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Notes
National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves
the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.
For the most current product information visit us at www.national.com.
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NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR
CORPORATION. As used herein:
1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems
which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or
(b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform when
properly used in accordance with instructions for use
provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result
in a significant injury to the user.
2. A critical component is any component of a life support
device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably
expected to cause the failure of the life support device or
system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness.
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LMC7221 Tiny CMOS Comparator with Rail-To-Rail Input and Open Drain Output
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