PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications General Description Features The AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM is a member of AnalogicTech's Total Power Management ICTM family. This device is an integrated single/dual cell Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion) / polymer battery charger IC designed to operate from USB ports or an AC adapter inputs up to an input voltage of 13.2V. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * AAT3663 precisely regulates battery charge voltage and current for 4.2V and 8.4V Li-Ion battery cells. The battery charging current is user programmed up to 1A by an external resistor. Battery charge state is continuously monitored for fault conditions. A Digital Thermal Loop Control maintains the maximum possible battery charging current for the optimum set of input to output power dissipation and ambient temperature conditions. In the event of an over-current, over-voltage, short-circuit, or over-temperature fault condition, the device will automatically shut down, thus protecting the charger and the battery under charge. 4.0V ~ 13.2V Input Voltage Range Compatible with USB or AC Adapter Sources Programmable Fast Charge Current from 100mA to 1A Programmable Charge Termination Current Digital Thermal Loop Charge Reduction Less Than 0.4A Battery Leakage Current Programming Charge Timer Battery Temperature Sensing Battery Temp Sense Open Circuit Detection Automatic Recharge Sequencing Automatic Trickle Charge for Battery Pre-Conditioning Automatic Charge Termination Shutdown/Sleep Mode Less than 1A Shutdown Current Over-Voltage and Over-Current Protection Power On Reset and Soft Start 3x3mm 14-pin TDFN Package Applications * * * * * * Two status monitor output pins are provided to indicate the battery charge status by directly driving external LEDs. Additionally, an open-drain power-source detection output (ADPP#) is provided to report presence of an input power supply Digital Still Cameras Global Positioning Systems (GPS) Point Of Service (POS) Terminals Portable DVD Players Portable Media Players (PMP) Two Way Radios The AAT3663 is available in a thermally enhanced, space-saving, 14-pin 3x3 mm TDFN package and is specified for operation over the -40C to +85C temperature range. Typical Application ON/OFF EN BATS VIN IN BATT+ BAT 10F AAT3663 BATT-TEMP STAT1 TS STAT2 TERM ISET ADPP# GND Battery Pack CT CT 3663.2008.01.1.2 www.analogictech.com RSET R TERM 1 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications Pin Description Pin # Symbol Type 1 EN I 2 CT I 3 ISET I 4 5 GND TS I/O I/O 6 BATS I 7 8, 9 BAT IN O I 10 STAT1 O 11 STAT2 O 12 ADPP# O 13 TERM I 14 N/C Function Enable pin, Active high with internal pull-down. If not used, pull high to the IN pin to continuously enable the charger IC when input power is applied. Charge timer programming pin. A 0.1F ceramic capacitor should be connected between this pin and GND. Connect directly to GND to disable the timer function. Charge current programming pin. Connect a resistor between this pin and GND to program the constant fast charge current. IC ground connection. Connect this pin to power ground. Battery temperature sense input. Connect the Li-Ion battery pack NTC resistor terminal to this pin. Battery voltage sense pin. Connect this pin directly to the positive battery terminal. If this function is not used, connect to the BAT pin directly. Battery charge output pin. Connect to the positive battery terminal. Power supply input pin. Connect the input USB port or Adapter power source to this pin Charge status pin, open-drain output. Connect the STAT1 LED with a series ballast resistor between IN and this pin. Charge status pin, open-drain output. Connect the STAT2 LED with a series ballast resistor between IN and this pin. Input supply power-good status pin, open-drain output. Connect the ADPP# status LED with a series ballast resistor between IN and this pin. Charge termination current programming input pin. Connect a resistor between this pin and GND to program the charge termination current. When TERM is open, the termination current is 10% (default sertting) of the set maximum charge current. No connection. Pin Configuration TDFN33-14 (Top View) EN CT ISET GND TS BATS BAT 2 1 14 2 13 3 12 4 11 5 10 6 9 7 8 www.analogictech.com N/C TERM ADPP# STAT2 STAT1 IN IN 3663.2008.01.1.2 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications Absolute Maximum Ratings1 Symbol VIN VN VN TJ TLEAD Description IN Continuous Voltage STAT1, STAT2, ADPP#, EN, BAT, BATS TS, CT, TERM, ISET Operating Junction Temperature Range Maximum Soldering Temperature (at Leads) Value Units -0.3 to 14 -0.3 to VIN + 0.3 -0.3 to 5.5 -40 to 150 300 V V V C C Value Units 50 2 C/W W Thermal Information2 Symbol JA PD Description Maximum Thermal Resistance (TDFN3x3) Maximum Power Dissipation AAT3663 Feature Options Product Number of Battery Cells Battery Temperature Sense AAT3663-4.2-1 AAT3663-4.2-2 AAT3663-8.4-1 AAT3663-8.4-2 Single Single Dual Dual For Use With Any NTC Thermistor For Use With 10k NTC Thermistor For Use With Any NTC Thermistor For Use With 10k NTC Thermistor 1. Stresses above those listed in Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Functional operation at conditions other than the operating conditions specified is not implied. Only one Absolute Maximum rating should be applied at any one time. 2. Mounted on a FR4 board. 3663.2008.01.1.2 www.analogictech.com 3 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications Electrical Characteristics VIN = 5V, TA = -40 to +85C; Unless otherwise noted, typical values are at TA = 25C. Symbol Description Operation Input Voltage Range VIN Under Voltage Lockout Threshold VUVLO UVLO Hysteresis Adapter Present Indicator Threshold VADPP_TH Voltage, VIN - VBAT IOP Operating Current ISHUTDOWN Shutdown Current ILEAKAGE Leakage Current from BAT Pin ENLEAKAGE EN Pin Leakage Voltage Regulation VBAT_EOC VBAT_EOC/ VBAT_EOC End of Charge Voltage Regulation Preconditioning Voltage Threshold VRCH Battery Recharge Voltage Threshold Current Regulation Charge Current Programmable Range ICC_RANGE Constant-Current Mode Charge ICH_CC Current VISET ISET Pin Voltage KISET Charge Current Set Factor: ICH_CC/ISET VTERM TERM Pin Voltage Trickle-Charge Current ICH_TERM Charge Termination Current Threshold Charging Devices RDS(ON) Charging Transistor ON Resistance Logic Control / Protection Input High Threshold VEN Input Low Threshold Output Low Voltage VSTAT STAT Pin Current Sink Capability ISTAT 4 Rising Edge Min Typ Max Units 13.2 4 V V mV 50 100 mV 0.35 0.4 0.4 0.6 1 1 2 mA A A A 4.2 8.4 4.242 8.484 4.0 3 150 VIN > VUVLO Charge Current = 100mA VBAT = 4.25V, EN = GND VBAT = 4V, IN = Open VEN = 5V AAT3663-4.2 AAT3663-8.4 4.158 8.316 End of Charge Voltage Accuracy VMIN ICH_TRK Conditions 0.5 AAT3663-4.2 AAT3663-8.4 AAT3663-4.2 AAT3663-8.4 RISET = 1.74K (for 1A), VBAT = 3.6V RISET = 17.8K (for 0.1A), VBAT = 3.6V 2.5 5.0 100 900 80 Constant Current Mode, VBAT = 3.6V RTERM = 40k TERM pin open RTERM = 13.3 k, ICH_CC 800mA 5 5 8 VIN = 5V 2.6 5.2 VBAT_EOC - 0.1 VBAT_EOC - 0.2 1000 100 2 900 0.6 10 10 10 330 % 2.7 5.4 www.analogictech.com V V 1000 1100 120 mA mA V 15 15 12 V % ICH_CC % ICH_CC % ICH_CC 500 m 1.6 STAT Pin Sinks 4mA V 0.4 0.4 8 V V mA 3663.2008.01.1.2 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications Electrical Characteristics VIN = 5V, TA = -40 to +85C; Unless otherwise noted, typical values are at TA = 25C. Symbol Description Conditions Logic Control / Protection Output Low Voltage VADDP# IADPP# ADDP# Current Sink Capability Over-Voltage Protection Threshold VOCP TK TC TV ITS Over-Current Protection Threshold Trickle Charging Time-Out Trickle and Constant Current Mode Time-Out Constant Voltage Mode Time-Out Current Source from TS Pin TS1 TS Hot Temperature Fault TS2 TS Cold Temperature Fault VTS1 High Temperature Threshold VTS2 Low Temperature Threshold TSHDN 3663.2008.01.1.2 AAT3663-4.2 AAT3663-8.4 CT = 100nF, VIN = 5V CT = 100nF, VIN = 5V CT = 100nF, VIN = 5V AAT3663-2 Only Threshold, AAT3663-2 Only Hysteresis, AAT3663-2 Only Threshold, AAT3663-2 Only Hysteresis, AAT3663-2 Only Threshold, AAT3663-1 Only Hysteresis, AAT3663-1 Only Threshold, AAT3663-1 Only Hysteresis, AAT3663-1 Only Digital Thermal Loop Entering Threshold Digital Thermal Loop Exiting Threshold Digital Thermal Loop Regulation Over-Temperature Shutdown Typ ADPP# Pin Sinks 4mA VOVP TLOOP_IN TLOOP_OUT TREG Min Threshold Hysteresis www.analogictech.com 71 316 2.30 29.1 58.2 4.4 8.8 105 TC/8 3 3 75 331 25 2.39 25 30 2 60 2 115 85 100 140 15 Max Units 0.4 8 V mA V 79 346 2.48 30.9 61.8 %VCS Hour Hour Hour A mV V mV %VIN %VIN C C C C 5 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications Typical Characteristics--General Constant Charging Current vs. Set Resistor Values Operating Current (A) 2000 1800 1600 1400 Constant Current Mode 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 Preconditioning Mode 0 1 10 100 Constant Charge Current (mA) Operating Current vs ISET Resistor 10000 1000 100 10 1 1 10 RSET (k ) Temperature Sense Output Current vs. Temperature Shutdown Current vs. Input Voltage 2.40 80 Shutdown Current (A) 79 78 77 ITS (A) 100 RSET (k ) 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 2.10 85C 1.80 25C 1.50 1.20 0.90 -40C 0.60 0.30 0.00 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 4 5 6 7 Temperature (C) 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Input Voltage (V) Charging Transistor On Resistance vs. Input Voltage CT Pin Capacitance vs. Counter Timeout 600 1.0 0.9 Capacitance (F) 500 RDS(ON) (m ) 85C 400 300 200 100 -40C 25C 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.4 Preconditioning + Constant Current Timeout or Constant Voltage Timeout 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0.0 4.0 4.4 4.8 5.2 5.6 6.0 6.4 6.8 7.2 7.6 8.0 8.4 Input Voltage (V) 6 Preconditioning Timeout 0.6 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 Timeout (h) www.analogictech.com 3663.2008.01.1.2 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications 31.0 Temperature Sense Too Hot Threshold (%) Temperature Sense Too Cold Threshold Voltage vs. Temperature Temperature Sense Too Cold Threshold (%) Temperature Sense Too Hot Threshold Voltage vs. Temperature 30.8 30.6 30.4 30.2 30.0 29.8 29.6 29.4 29.2 29.0 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 61.0 60.8 60.6 60.4 60.2 60.0 59.8 59.6 59.4 59.2 59.0 -40 -15 10 Temperature (C) Input High Threshold vs. Input Voltage 60 85 Input Low Threshold vs. Input Voltage 1.30 1.3 1.20 1.2 1.1 VEN(L) (V) 1.10 VEN(H) (V) 35 Temperature (C) -40C 1.00 0.90 0.80 1.0 -40C 0.9 0.8 25C 0.70 0.7 85C 0.60 85C 25C 0.6 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Input Voltage (V) 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Input Voltage (V) Termination Current to Constant Current Ratio (%) vs. Termination Resistance 50 ICH_TERM/ICH_CC (%) 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 RTERM (k ) 3663.2008.01.1.2 www.analogictech.com 7 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications Typical Characteristics--Single Cell 4.2V End of Charge Voltage Accuracy vs. Input Voltage End of Charge Voltage vs. Temperature 0.100 4.220 0.075 4.215 Battery Voltage (V) End of Charge Voltage Accuracy (%) (VBAT_EOC = 4.2V) 0.050 0.025 0.000 -0.025 -0.050 4.210 4.205 4.200 4.195 4.190 4.185 -0.075 4.180 -0.100 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 -40 14 -15 Input Voltage (V) 60 85 (VIN = 5V; RSET = 8.87k ) 4.120 4.14 4.115 4.13 4.110 4.105 4.100 4.095 4.090 4.12 4.11 4.10 4.09 4.08 4.07 4.085 4.06 4.080 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 -40 14 -15 10 35 60 85 Temperature (C) Input Voltage (V) Charging Current vs. Battery Voltage Charging Current vs. Battery Voltage (RSET = 8.87K ) 1200 240 VIN = 12V 210 VIN = 13.2V RSET = 1.78K 1000 180 VIN = 5V 150 VIN = 7.5V VIN = 9.5V ICH (mA) Charging Current (mA) 35 Recharge Voltage vs. Temperature Battery Voltage (V) Battery Voltage (V) Recharge Threshold Voltage vs. Input Voltage 120 90 800 RSET = 3.57K 600 RSET = 2.21K 400 60 200 30 RSET = 8.87K 0 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.7 3.9 4.1 4.3 Battery Voltage (V) 8 10 Temperature (C) 0 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.7 3.9 4.1 4.3 Battery Voltage (V) www.analogictech.com 3663.2008.01.1.2 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications Typical Characteristics--Single Cell 4.2V Preconditioning Threshold Voltage vs. Temperature 2.70 2.70 2.68 2.68 Battery Voltage (V) Battery Voltage (V) Preconditioning Threshold Voltage vs. Input Voltage 2.66 2.64 2.62 2.60 2.58 2.56 2.54 2.66 2.64 2.62 2.60 2.58 2.56 2.54 2.52 2.52 2.50 2.50 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 -40 -15 10 Input Voltage (V) 60 85 Temperature (C) Preconditioning Charge Current vs. Input Voltage Constant Charge Current vs. Input Voltage (RSET = 8.87K ) 120 240 Charge Current (mA) RSET = 1.78k 100 ICH_TRK (mA) 35 RSET = 2.21k 80 60 RSET = 3.57k 40 RSET = 8.87k 20 230 220 210 200 VBAT = 3.3V 190 VBAT = 3.5V VBAT = 3.9V 180 VBAT = 4.1V 170 160 0 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Input Voltage (V) Input Voltage (V) 3663.2008.01.1.2 4 www.analogictech.com 9 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications Typical Characteristics--Dual Cell 8.4V End of Charge Voltage Accuracy vs. Input Voltage End of Charge Voltage vs. Temperature (VIN = 10V; RSET = 8.87k ) 0.12 8.44 0.09 8.43 Battery Voltage (V) End of Charge Voltage Accuracy (%) (VBAT_EOC = 8.4V) 0.06 0.03 0.00 -0.03 -0.06 -0.09 -0.12 9.0 8.42 8.41 8.40 8.39 8.38 8.37 9.6 10.2 10.8 11.4 12.0 12.6 8.36 -40 13.2 -15 Input Voltage (V) End of Charge Voltage vs. Input Voltage 8.220 8.415 8.215 Battery Voltage (V) Battery Voltage (V) 8.420 8.410 8.405 8.400 8.395 8.390 8.385 9.6 10.2 10.8 11.4 12.0 12.6 8.205 8.200 8.195 8.190 8.180 8 13.2 9 10 11 12 13 14 Input Voltage (V) (VIN = 10V; RSET = 8.87K ) Constant Charging Current vs. Battery Voltage (RSET = 8.87K ) 8.28 Charging Current (mA) 240 8.26 Battery Voltage (V) 85 8.185 Recharge Threshold Voltage vs. Temperature 8.24 8.22 8.20 8.18 8.16 8.14 -15 10 35 60 85 210 180 150 120 90 VIN = 10V VIN = 11V VIN = 12V VIN = 13.2V 60 30 0 4.9 Temperature (C) 10 60 8.210 Input Voltage (V) 8.12 -40 35 Recharge Threshold Voltage vs. Input Voltage (RSET = 8.87k ) 8.380 9.0 10 Temperature (C) 5.3 5.7 6.1 6.5 6.9 7.3 7.7 8.1 8.5 Battery Voltage (V) www.analogictech.com 3663.2008.01.1.2 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications Typical Characteristics--Dual Cell 8.4V Constant Charging Current vs. Battery Voltage Preconditioning Threshold Voltage vs. Input Voltage 5.220 1200 5.215 Battery Voltage (V) 1000 ICH (mA) RSET = 1.78K 800 RSET = 2.21K 600 RSET = 3.57K 400 200 5.200 5.195 5.190 5.185 RSET = 8.87K 0 4.9 5.210 5.205 5.180 5.3 5.7 6.1 6.5 6.9 7.3 7.7 8.1 8.5 8 9 Battery Voltage (V) 12 13 14 Constant Charge Current vs. Input Voltage (RSET = 8.87K ) 5.24 240 5.23 230 Charge Current (mA) Battery Voltage (V) 11 Input Voltage (V) Preconditioning Threshold Voltage vs. Temperature 5.22 5.21 5.20 5.19 5.18 5.17 5.16 -40 10 220 210 200 190 VBAT = 7V 180 VBAT = 6.6V VBAT = 8.2V 170 160 -15 10 35 60 85 9 10 11 12 13 14 Input Voltage (V) Temperature (C) 3663.2008.01.1.2 8 www.analogictech.com 11 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications Functional Block Diagram Reverse Blocking IN BAT CV/ Precharge Current Compare Constant Current TERM ADPP# UVLO Charge Control ISET BATS Over-Temp Protect Power Detection Charge Status Thermal Loop STAT 1 STAT 2 EN 75A AAT3663-2 Only Watchdog Timer TS CT Window Comparator GND Functional Description The AAT3663 is a high performance battery charger designed to charge single/dual cell Lithium-Ion or Lithium-Polymer batteries with up to 1000mA of current from an external power source. It is a highly integrated stand-alone charging solution, with the least external components required for complete functionality. The AAT3663 precisely regulates end of charge battery voltage and current for single cell 4.2V and dual cell 8.4V lithium-ion/polymer battery with a programmable constant current range from 100mA to 1A for fast charging applications. The system has a default charge termination current set to 10 percent of the programmed fast charge constant. The charge termination current may also be user programmed by an external resistor. During battery charging, the device temperature will rise. In some cases with adapter (ADP) charging, the power dissipation in the charge regulation pass device may cause the junction temperature to rise and approach the internal thermal shutdown threshold. Excessive power dissipation is caused by the high input adapter voltage versus the low output battery cell voltage difference at a given constant charge current. In the event of an internal 12 over-temperature condition caused by excessive ambient operating temperature or excessive power dissipation conditions, the AAT3663 enables a digitally controlled thermal loop system that will reduce the charging current to prevent thermal shutdown. The digital thermal loop will maintain the maximum possible battery charging current for a given set of input to output power dissipation and ambient temperature conditions. The digital thermal loop control is dynamic in the sense that it will continue to adjust the battery charging current as operating conditions change. The digital thermal loop will reset and resume normal operation when the power dissipation or over-temperature conditions are removed. In the event of an over-voltage, over-current or overtemperature false condition beyond the limits of the digital thermal loop system, the device will automatically shut down, thus protecting the charging device, control system, and the battery under charge. AAT3663 provides two status monitor pins, STAT1 and STAT2. These pins are open drain MOSFET switches intended to directly drive external LEDs to indicate the battery charging state. A third status pin is prided to indicate the presence of power on the input supply pin. www.analogictech.com 3663.2008.01.1.2 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications This open drain MOSFET switch may be used to either power a display LED or to alert a system microcontroller for the presence on input power. Battery Charging Operation Figure 1 illustrates the entire battery charging profile and operation, which consists of three phases: 1. 2. 3. Preconditioning (Trickle) Charge Constant Current Charge Constant Voltage Charge Constant Current Charging Trickle charging continues until the battery voltage reaches the VMIN threshold. At this point, the AAT3663 begins constant-current fast charging. The current level for this mode is programmed using a single resistor from the ISET pin to ground. Programmed current can be set at a minimum 100mA up to a maximum 1A. Constant Voltage Charging When power is initially applied or when a battery pack is connected to the BAT pin, battery charging commences after the AAT3663 checks several conditions in order to maintain a safe charging environment. The input supply must be above the minimum operating voltage (UVLO) and the enable pin must be high (internally pulled down). When the battery is connected to the BAT pin the AAT3663 checks the condition of the battery and determines which charging mode to apply. Battery Preconditioning If the battery voltage is below VMIN, the AAT3663 begins battery trickle charging by charging at 10% of the programmed constant-current. For example, if the programmed current is 500mA, then the trickle charge current is 50mA. Trickle charging is a recommended safety precaution for a deeply discharged cell and maximizes the charge cycle life of the battery. In addition, charger IC power dissipation for the internal series pass MOSFET is minimized when the input-output voltage differential is at its highest. This in turn allows the charging operation to commence over wider thermal and input to output voltage differential conditions. Preconditioning Trickle Charge Phase Constant current charging continues until such time that the battery voltage reaches the voltage regulation point VBAT_REG. When the battery voltage reaches VBAT_REG, the AAT3663 will transition to the constant-voltage mode. The regulation voltage is factory programmed to a nominal 4.2V for the AAT3663-4.2 option and to 8.4V for the AAT3663-8.4 option. Under default conditions with the TERM pin not connected (open circuit), constant voltage charging will continue until the charge current has reduced to 10% of the programmed current. Placing a resistor between the TERM pin and ground allows the user to program a desired termination current. After the charge cycle is complete, the AAT3663 turns off the series pass device and automatically goes into a power saving sleep mode. During this time the series pass device will block current in both directions therefore preventing the battery discharging through the IC. The AAT3663 will remain in sleep mode, until either the battery terminal voltage drops below the VRCH threshold, the charger EN pin is recycled or the charging power source is reconnected. In all cases the AAT3663 will monitor all battery parameters and resume charging in the appropriate mode. Constant Current Charge Phase Constant Voltage Charge Phase Charge Complete Voltage I = Max CC Regulated Current Constant Current Mode Voltage Threshold Trickle Charge and Termination Threshold I = CC / 10 Figure 1: Current and Voltage Profile During Charging Phases. 3663.2008.01.1.2 www.analogictech.com 13 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications System Operation Flow Chart ADP Voltage Power Input S Voltage ADP > VADPP VIN>VUVLO Power On Sleep Sleep Reset Mode Mode No Yes Enable Power Select EN=HIGH No FAULT Shut ShutDown Down STAT1=Off Mode STAT2=Off Mode Yes Yes Fault Fault Condition Monitoring Power Select OV, OT, V TS1<TS<VTS 2 No Yes Shut Shut Down Down Shut Down Mode Mode Mode Expire VBAT <VMIN or Power Select <V BAT_REG or IBAT >ITERM No Charger Shut Down ShutTimer Down Control Mode Mode Preconditioning Test V VMIN >V >V BAT MIN Yes Preconditioning Shut ShutDown Down Set (Trickle Charge) Mode Mode BAT No No Recharge Test VRCH >V BAT Yes Current Phase Test VIN > VBAT_EOC Yes Constant Shut Current Down Shut Down Charge Mode Mode Mode VCH>VBAT No Device Temp . No Device Temp. Monitor Monitor TTJ >115C J >110 C Yes Thermal Loop Shut Down Shut Down Current Reduction In C.C. Mode Mode Mode Voltage Phase Test IBAT >ITERM IBAT> MI IN Yes Constant Shut Down ShutVoltage Down Charge Mode Mode Mode Mode No Charge Charge Charge Completed Completed Completed 14 www.analogictech.com 3663.2008.01.1.2 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications Application Information vide feedback to the BATS pin from the BAT connection with a voltage sensing accuracy loss of 1mV or less. Adapter or USB Power Input Constant current charge levels up to 1A may be programmed by the user when powered from a sufficient input power source. The AAT3663 will operate over an input voltage range from 4.0V to 13.2V. The low input voltage capability of the AAT3663 permits charging single cell Li-Ion/Poly batteries from USB ports and lower voltage input power sources. The high 13.2V input rating of this device allows for the use of a wide range of input power sources for both single and dual cell Li-Ion/Poly applications. Adapter Input Charge Inhibit and Resume The AAT3663 has an under-voltage lockout (UVLO) and power on reset feature so that if the input supply to the IN pin drops below the UVLO threshold, the charger will suspend charging and shut down. When power is reapplied to the IN pin or the UVLO condition recovers, the system charge control will assess the state of charge on the battery cell and will automatically resume charging in the appropriate mode for the condition of the battery. Enable (EN) EN is a logic input (active high) to enable the charger, this function is internally pulled down to ground. When the device is initially enabled or if the EN pin is cycled low and then re-enabled, the charge control circuit will automatically reset and resume charging functions with the appropriate charging mode based on the battery charge state and measured battery voltage on the BATS pin. Programming Charge Current The constant current mode charge level is user programmed with a set resistor (RSET) connected between the ISET pin and ground. The accuracy of the constant charge current, as well as the preconditioning trickle charge current, is dominated by the tolerance of the set resistor used. For this reason, a 1% tolerance metal film resistor is recommended for the set resistor function. The constant charge current levels from 100mA to 1A may be set by selecting the appropriate resistor value from Table 1. Constant Charging Current (mA) Set Resistor Value (k) 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 17.8 8.87 5.9 4.42 3.57 2.94 2.55 2.21 1.96 1.78 Battery Connection and Battery Voltage Sensing Battery Connection A single or dual cell Li-Ion/Polymer battery should be connected between the BAT pin and ground. Battery Voltage Sensing The BATS pin is provided to employ an accurate voltage sensing capability to measure the positive terminal voltage at the battery cell being charged. This function reduces measured battery cell voltage error between the battery terminal and the charge control IC. The AAT3663 charge control circuit will base charging mode states upon the voltage sensed at the BATS pin. The BATS pin must be connected to the battery terminal for correct operation. If the battery voltage sense function is not needed, the BATS pin should be terminated directly to the BAT pin. If there is concern of the battery sense function inadvertently becoming an open circuit, the BATS pin may be terminated to the BAT pin using a 10k resistor. Under normal operation, the connection to the battery terminal will be close to 0; if the BATS connection becomes an open circuit, the 10k resistor will pro- 3663.2008.01.1.2 Table 1: RSET Values. If the desired charge current level is not listed in Table 1, the RSET resistor value can be found in Figure 2 and calculated by the following equation: RSET = K * VISET ICC Where: K = KI_SET = 900 VISET = 2V ICC = Fast charge constant current www.analogictech.com 15 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications 50 10000 45 ICH_TERM/ICH_CC (%) CC Mode Charge Current (mA) BatteryManagerTM 1000 100 10 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 1 1 10 100 0 10 20 40 50 60 RTERM (k ) RSET (k ) Figure 2: Constant Charging Current vs. RSET Resistor Values. Programmable Charge Termination Current Figure 3: Charge Termination Current (% Value of the Programmed Fast Charge Current) vs. RTERM Resistance. Battery Charge Status Indication The AAT3663 is designed with a default charge termination current set to 10 percent of the programmed fast charge constant current level. The charge termination current (ICH_TERM) may also be user programmed to a level other than 10% of the set fast charge current by connecting a set resistor (RTERM) between the TERM pin and ground. When the charge current under the constant voltage charging mode drops to the charge termination threshold the device halts charging and goes into a sleep mode. The charger will remain in the sleep mode until the battery voltage as sensed by the BATS pin decreases to a level below the battery recharge voltage threshold (VRCH). Charge termination current levels based on a percentage of the programmed fast charge current are shown in Figure 3. If the desired charge termination current set resistor (RTERM) value is not shown in Figure 3, the value may be determined by the following equation: ICH_TERM = 30 15A * RTERM * ICH_CC 2V Where: ICH_TERM = Charge termination current level ICH_CC = Programmed fast charge constant current level RTERM = TERM resistor value The AAT3663 indicates the status of the battery under charge using three status LED driver outputs. These three LEDs can indicate simple functions such as input power present, no battery charge activity, battery charging, charge complete and charge fault. Status Indicator Display System charging status may be displayed using one or two LEDs in conjunction with the STAT1 and STAT2 pins on the AAT3663. These two pins are simple open drain N-channel MOSFET switches to connect the status LED cathodes to ground. It is not necessary to use both display LEDs if a user simply wants to have a single LED to show "charging" or "not charging". This can be accomplished by just using the STAT1 pin and a single LED. Using two LEDs and both STAT pins simply gives the user more information for the various charging states. Refer to Table 2 for LED display definitions. Event Description STAT1 STAT2 Charge enabled without battery Flash Flash1 Battery charging Charging completed Fault ON OFF OFF OFF ON OFF 1 Table 2: LED Status Indicator Truth Table. 1. Flashing rate depends on output capacitance. 16 www.analogictech.com 3663.2008.01.1.2 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications The LED anodes should be connected to the charger power source input (IN pin). factor of 0.28. The initial thermal loop current can be estimated by the following equation: Input Power Present Indicator ITLOOP = ICH_CC * 0.28 The ADDP# pin provides an additional open drain N-channel MOSFET switch to indicate the presence of power applied to the charger input (IN pin). This function may either be used to control an addition status LED to give a visual indication when input power is applied. This open drain output may also be pulled high via a pull up resistor to provide an active low signal to a system microcontroller to indicate the presence of applied input power. Status Display LED Biasing The LED should be biased with as little current as necessary to create reasonable illumination; therefore, a ballast resistor should be placed between the LED cathode and the STAT pin. LED current consumption will add to the overall thermal power budget for the device package, hence it is good to keep the LED drive current to a minimum. 2mA should be sufficient to drive most lowcost green or red LEDs. It is not recommended to exceed 8mA for driving an individual status LED. The required ballast resistor values can be estimated using the following formula: RBALLAST = (VIN - VF(LED)) ILED (5.0V - 2.0V) = 1.5k 2mA Note: Red LED forward voltage (VF) is typically 2.0V @ 2mA. Digital Thermal Loop Control Due to the integrated nature of the linear charging control pass device for the adapter mode, a special thermal loop control system has been employed to maximize charging current under all operation conditions. The thermal management system measures the internal circuit die temperature and reduces the fast charge current when the device exceeds a preset internal temperature control threshold. Once the thermal loop control becomes active, the fast charge current is initially reduced by a 3663.2008.01.1.2 Protection Circuitry Programmable Timer Function The AAT3663 contains a watchdog timing circuit to shut down charging functions in the event of a defective battery cell not accepting a charge over a preset period of time. Typically, a 0.1F ceramic capacitor is connected between the CT pin and ground. When a 0.1F ceramic capacitor is used, the device will time out a shutdown condition if the trickle charge mode exceeds 25 minutes and a combined trickle charge plus constant current mode of 3 hours. When the device transitions to the constant voltage mode, the timing counter is reset and will time out after an additional 3 hours if the charge current does not drop to the charge termination level. The AAT3663 has a battery fault detector, which, when used in conjunction with a 0.1F capacitor on the CT pin, outputs a 1Hz signal with 50% duty cycle at the STAT1 pin in the event of a timeout while in the trickle charge mode. Example: RBALLAST = The thermal loop control re-evaluates the circuit die temperature every 1.5 seconds and adjusts the fast charge current back up in small steps to the full fast charge current level or until an equilibrium current is discovered and maximized for the given ambient temperature condition. The thermal loop controls the system charge level; therefore, the AAT3663 will always provide the highest level of constant current in the fast charge mode possible for any given ambient temperature condition. Mode Time Trickle Charge (TC) Time Out Trickle Charge (TC) + Constant Current (CC) Mode Time Out Constant Voltage (CV) Mode Time Out 25 minutes 3 hours 3 hours Table 3: Summary for a 0.1F Ceramic Capacitor Used for the Timing Capacitor. The CT pin is driven by a constant current source and will provide a linear response to increases in the timing capacitor value. Thus, if the timing capacitor were to be doubled from the nominal 0.1F value, the timeout periods would be doubled. If the programmable watchdog www.analogictech.com 17 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications timer function is not needed, it can be disabled by terminating the CT pin to ground. The CT pin should not be left floating or unterminated, as this will cause errors in the internal timing control circuit. The constant current provided to charge the timing capacitor is very small, and this pin is susceptible to noise and changes in capacitance value. Therefore, the timing capacitor should be physically located on the printed circuit board layout as close as possible to the CT pin. Since the accuracy of the internal timer is dominated by the capacitance value, a 10% tolerance or better ceramic capacitor is recommended. Ceramic capacitor materials, such as X7R and X5R types, are a good choice for this application. Over-Voltage Protection An over-voltage event is defined as a condition where the voltage on the BAT pin exceeds the maximum battery charge voltage and is set by the overvoltage protection threshold (VOVP). If an over-voltage condition occurs, the AAT3663 charge control will shut down the device until the voltage on the BAT pin drops below VOVP. The AAT3663 will resume normal charging operation after the overvoltage condition is removed. During an overvoltage event, the STAT LEDs will report a system fault. Over-Temperature Shutdown The AAT3663 has a thermal protection control circuit which will shut down charging functions once the internal die temperature exceeds the over-temperature shutdown threshold. Once the internal die temperature falls below the hysteresis, normal operation will resume the previous charging state. Battery Temperature Fault Monitoring There are two AAT3663 temperature sense options, The AAT3663-1 and AAT3663-2. The AAT3663-1 option allows of the use of any NTC resistor. For ease of use, the AAT3663-2 option is factory set to function with typical 10k NTC resistors and eliminates the need for a resistor divider pull up to the input power source. Regardless of the AAT3663 option selected, the internal system control checks battery temperature before starting the charge cycle and continues to monitor the battery temperature during all stages of the charging cycle. This is accomplished by monitoring the voltage at the TS pin. In general, the system is intended for use with negative temperature coefficient thermistors (NTC) 18 which are typically integrated into the battery package. The voltage on the TS pin resulting from the resistive load and applied current, should stay within a window bounded by the TS1 and TS2 specification thresholds. Refer to the Electrical Characteristics table for the TS1 and TS2 limits for a selected AAT3663 option. If the battery becomes too hot during charge cycle due to an internal fault or excessive charge current, the NTC thermistor will heat up and reduce in value. This in turn will pull the TS pin voltage below than the TS1 threshold, and indicate a battery cell temperature fault. The charging process will then be suspended until the over-temperature condition is removed, at which time charging will resume. Conversely, if the battery under charge is exposed to extreme cold ambient temperature condition, the NTC thermistor may increase in value and push the voltage on the TS pin above the TS2 threshold. In such a case, the charge cycle will be suspended and will not resume until the cold fault condition is removed. Both TS1 and TS2 temperature fault conditions will be report by the STAT1 and STAT2 LEDs. AAT3663-1 Option the AAT3663-1 option utilizes an internal battery temperature sensing system comprised of two comparators which establish a voltage window for safe operation. The thresholds for the TS operating window are bounded by the TS1 and TS2 specifications. Referring to the electrical characteristics table in this datasheet, the TS1 threshold = 0.30 * VIN and the TS2 threshold = 0.6 * VIN. Refer to Figure 4 for external resistor and NTC thermistor connections. If the use of the battery temperature sense function is not required, it may be disabled by terminating the TS pin to IN and ground using a 10k resistor divider network. If circuit power dissipation is a concern, the two terminating resistor values may be increased to 100k. AAT3663-2 Option Most of the commonly used NTC thermistors in Li-Ion/ Polymer battery packs are approximately 10k at room temperature (25C). The AAT3663-2 TS pin has been specifically designed to source 75A of current to the 10k NTC thermistor. The applied constant current source and fixed internal TS1 and TS2 voltage thresholds eliminate the need for a resistor divider on the TS pin. Simply connect the 10k NTC resistor between the TS pin and ground. If the TS function is not needed for the AAT3663-2, it may be left open (not connected). www.analogictech.com 3663.2008.01.1.2 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications VIN IN RT AAT3663-4.2-1 or AAT3663-8.4-1 0.6xV IN Battery Cold Fault TS Battery Pack Battery Hot Fault RNTC T 0.30xVIN Figure 4: External Resistor and NTC Thermistor Application Circuit. Thermal Considerations 2.50 The AAT3663 is offered in a 3x3mm TDFN package which can provide up to 2.0W of power dissipation when it is properly bonded to a printed circuit board and has a maximum thermal resistance of 50C/W. Many considerations should be taken into account when designing the printed circuit board layout, as well as the placement of the charger IC package in proximity to other heat generating devices in a given application. The ambient temperature around the charger IC will also have an effect on the thermal limits of the battery charging operation. The maximum limits that can be expected for a given ambient condition can be estimated by the following discussion. First, the maximum power dissipation for a given situation should be calculated: PD(MAX) = PD(MAX) (W) 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 0 = = = = 75 100 Figure 5: Maximum Power Dissipation Before Entering Thermal Loop. Next, the power dissipation can be calculated by the following equation: (TJ - TA) JA (PD(MAX) - VIN * IOP) VIN - VBAT (TJ - TA) - V * I IN OP JA ICH(MAX) = VIN - VBAT ICH(MAX) = Maximum Power Dissipation (W) Package Thermal Resistance (C/W) Thermal Loop Entering Threshold (C) [115C] Ambient Temperature (C) Figure 5 shows the relationship between maximum power dissipation and ambient temperature of AAT3663 Where: PD VIN VBAT ICH IOP 3663.2008.01.1.2 50 TA (C) Where: PD(MAX) JA TJ TA 25 = = = = Total Power Dissipation by the Device Input Voltage Battery Voltage as Seen at the BAT Pin Constant Charge Current Programmed for the Application = Quiescent Current Consumed by the Charger IC for Normal Operation [0.5mA] www.analogictech.com 19 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications By substitution, we can derive the maximum charge current before reaching the thermal limit condition which will activate digital thermal loop operation. The maximum charge current is the key factor when designing battery charger applications. In general, the worst case condition is when the greatest input to output voltage drop occurs across the charger IC. Specifically when battery voltage is charged up just above the preconditioning voltage threshold and the charger enters into the constant current fast charging mode. Under this condition, the device will suffer the maximum possible power dissipation since both the voltage difference across the device and the charge current will be at their respective maximums. Figure 6 shows the safe fast charge current operating region for different ambient temperatures. Exceeding these limits will drive the charge control into digital thermal loop operation. When under digital thermal loop operation, the device will remain active and continue to charge the battery at a reduced current level for the given ambient condition. 1000 ICC(MAX) (mA) 800 TA = 85C TA = 60C TA = 45C 600 TA = 25C 400 Input Capacitor In general, it is a good design practice to place a decoupling capacitor between the IN pin and ground. An input capacitor in the range of 1F to 22F is recommended. If the source supply is unregulated, it may be necessary to increase the capacitance to keep the input voltage above the under-voltage lockout threshold during device enable and when battery charging is initiated. If the AAT3663's input is to be used in a system with an external power supply source, such as a typical AC-to-DC wall adapter, then a CIN capacitor in the range of 10F should be used. A larger input capacitor in this application will minimize switching or power transient effects when the power supply is "hot plugged" in. Output Capacitor The AAT3663 only requires a 1F ceramic capacitor on the BAT pin to maintain circuit stability. This value should be increased to 10F or more if the battery connection is made any distance from the charger output. If the AAT3663 is to be used in applications where the battery can be removed from the charger, such as desktop charging cradles, an output capacitor 10F or greater is recommended to reduce the effect of the charger cycling on and off when no battery is present. Printed Circuit Board Layout Considerations 200 0 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 VIN (V) Figure 6: Maximum Charging Current Before the Digital Thermal Loop Becomes Active. 20 Capacitor Selection For the best results, it is recommended to physically place the battery pack as close as possible to the AAT3663 BAT pin. To minimize voltage drops on the PCB, keep the high current carrying traces adequately wide. For maximum power dissipation of the AAT3663 3x3mm 14-pin TDFN package, the metal substrate should be solder bonded to the board. It is also recommended to maximize the substrate contact to the PCB ground plane layer to further increase local heat dissipation. Refer to the AAT3663 evaluation board for a good layout example. www.analogictech.com 3663.2008.01.1.2 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications Figure 7: AAT3663 Evaluation Board Top (Component) Side Layout. Figure 8: AAT3663 Evaluation Board Bottom Side Layout. JP1 ENABLE JP4 VIN Green Red Red LED D3 LED D2 LED D1 1 R4 2k R5 2k VIN R6 2k 4V - 13.2V 12 STAT1 STAT2 4 GND IN IN GND JP3 5 TS JP2 ADPP# 10 9 TS EN 11 8 C1 10F R7 (see note) U1 TDFN33-14 AAT3663 EP TERM 13 BATS 6 BAT ISET 7 CT 2 BAT 3 C3 0.1F R2 R1 10k 1.74k R3 10k C2 10F GND C1 1206 X7R 10F 16V GRM31CR71C106KAC7L C2 0805 X7R 10F 10V GRM21BR71A106KE51L Note: R2 = 10k is set the termination current, 7.5% from the constant charging current R7 = 10k (for -1 option) R7 = open (for -2 option) Figure 9: AAT3663 Evaluation Board Schematic Diagram. 3663.2008.01.1.2 www.analogictech.com 21 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications Ordering Information Battery Cell Voltage Option Battery Temperature Sense Package Marking1 Part Number (Tape and Reel)2 Single Cell (4.2V) Single Cell (4.2V) Dual Cell (8.4V) Dual Cell (8.4V) For Use With Any NTC Thermistor For Use With 10k NTC Thermistor For Use With Any NTC Thermistor For Use With 10k NTC Thermistor TDFN33-14 TDFN33-14 TDFN33-14 TDFN33-14 1XXYY ZZXYY 1YXYY 1ZXYY AAT3663IWO-4.2-1-T1 AAT3663IWO-4.2-2-T1 AAT3663IWO-8.4-1-T1 AAT3663IWO-8.4-2-T1 All AnalogicTech products are offered in Pb-free packaging. The term "Pb-free" means semiconductor products that are in compliance with current RoHS standards, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. For more information, please visit our website at http://www.analogictech.com/about/quality.aspx. 1. XYY = assembly and date code. 2. Sample stock is generally held on part numbers listed in BOLD. 22 www.analogictech.com 3663.2008.01.1.2 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3663 BatteryManagerTM 1A Linear Li-Ion Battery Charger for Single and Dual Cell Applications Package Information TDFN33-14 Detail "A" 3.000 0.050 2.500 0.050 Index Area 3.000 0.050 1.650 0.050 Top View Bottom View + 0.100 - 0.000 Pin 1 Indicator (Optional) 0.180 0.050 Side View 0.400 BSC 0.000 0.203 REF 0.750 0.050 0.425 0.050 Detail "A" All dimensions in millimeters. 1. The leadless package family, which includes QFN, TQFN, DFN, TDFN and STDFN, has exposed copper (unplated) at the end of the lead terminals due to the manufacturing process. A solder fillet at the exposed copper edge cannot be guaranteed and is not required to ensure a proper bottom solder connection. Advanced Analogic Technologies, Inc. 3230 Scott Boulevard, Santa Clara, CA 95054 Phone (408) 737-4600 Fax (408) 737-4611 (c) Advanced Analogic Technologies, Inc. AnalogicTech cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in an AnalogicTech product. No circuit patent licenses, copyrights, mask work rights, or other intellectual property rights are implied. AnalogicTech reserves the right to make changes to their products or specifications or to discontinue any product or service without notice. Except as provided in AnalogicTech's terms and conditions of sale, AnalogicTech assumes no liability whatsoever, and AnalogicTech disclaims any express or implied warranty relating to the sale and/or use of AnalogicTech products including liability or warranties relating to fitness for a particular purpose, merchantability, or infringement of any patent, copyright or other intellectual property right. In order to minimize risks associated with the customer's applications, adequate design and operating safeguards must be provided by the customer to minimize inherent or procedural hazards. Testing and other quality control techniques are utilized to the extent AnalogicTech deems necessary to support this warranty. Specific testing of all parameters of each device is not necessarily performed. AnalogicTech and the AnalogicTech logo are trademarks of Advanced Analogic Technologies Incorporated. All other brand and product names appearing in this document are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders. 3663.2008.01.1.2 www.analogictech.com 23