Functional Description
POWER-UP
When power is first applied, power-on reset circuitry initializ-
es the COMBOTM and places it into a power-down state. All
non-essential circuits are deactivated and the DX,VF
R
O,
VPOband VPOaoutputs are put in high impedance states.
To power-up the device, a logical low level or clock must be
applied to the MCLKR/PDN pin
and
FSXand/or FSRpulses
must be present. Thus, 2 power-down control modes are
available. The first is to pull the MCLKR/PDN pin high; the
alternative is to hold both FSXand FSRinputs continuously
lowÐthe device will power-down approximately 2 ms after
the last FSXor FSRpulse. Power-up will occur on the first
FSXor FSRpulse. The TRI-STATE PCM data output, DX,
will remain in the high impedance state until the second FSX
pulse.
SYNCHRONOUS OPERATION
For synchronous operation, the same master clock and bit
clock should be used for both the transmit and receive di-
rections. In this mode, a clock must be applied to MCLKX
and the MCLKR/PDN pin can be used as a power-down
control. A low level on MCLKR/PDN powers up the device
and a high level powers down the device. In either case,
MCLKXwill be selected as the master clock for both the
transmit and receive circuits. A bit clock must also be ap-
plied to BCLKXand the BCLKR/CLKSEL can be used to
select the proper internal divider for a master clock of 1.536
MHz, 1.544 MHz or 2.048 MHz. For 1.544 MHz operation,
the device automatically compensates for the 193rd clock
pulse each frame.
With a fixed level on the BCLKR/CLKSEL pin, BLCKXwill be
selected as the bit clock for both the transmit and receive
directions. Table I indicates the frequencies of operation
which can be selected, depending on the state of BCLKR/
CLKSEL. In this synchronous mode, the bit clock, BCLKX,
may be from 64 kHz to 2.048 MHz, but must be synchro-
nous with MCLKX.
Each FSXpulse begins the encoding cycle and the PCM
data from the previous encode cycle is shifted out of the
enabled DXoutput on the positive edge of BCLKX. After 8
bit clock periods, the TRI-STATE DXoutput is returned to a
high impedance state. With an FSRpulse, PCM data is
latched via the DRinput on the negative edge of BCLKX(or
BCLKRif running). FSXand FSRmust be synchronous with
MCLKX/R.
TABLE I. Selection of Master Clock Frequencies
Master Clock
BCLKR/CLKSEL Frequency Selected
TP3067 TP3064
Clocked 2.048 MHz 1.536 MHz or
1.544 MHz
0 1.536 MHz or 2.048 MHz
1.544 MHz
1 2.048 MHz 1.536 MHz or
1.544 MHz
ASYNCHRONOUS OPERATION
For asynchronous operation, separate transmit and receive
clocks may be applied. MCLKXand MCLKRmust be 2.048
MHz for the TP3067, or 1.536 MHZ, 1.544 MHz for the
TP3064, and need not be synchronous. For best transmis-
sion performance, however, MCLKRshould be synchronous
with MCLKX, which is easily achieved by applying only static
logic levels to the MCLKR/PDN pin. This will automatically
connect MCLKXto all internal MCLKRfunctions (see Pin
Description). For 1.544 MHz operation, the device automati-
cally compensates for the 193rd clock pulse each frame.
FSXstarts each encoding cycle and must be synchronous
with MCLKXand BCLKX.FS
Rstarts each decoding cycle
and must be synchronous with BCLKR. BCLKRmust be a
clock, the logic levels shown in Table I are not valid in asyn-
chronous mode. BCLKXand BCLKRmay operate from 64
kHz to 2.048 MHz.
SHORT FRAME SYNC OPERATION
The COMBO can utilize either a short frame sync pulse (the
same as the TP3020/21 CODECs) or a long frame sync
pulse. Upon power initialization, the device assumes a short
frame mode. In this mode, both frame sync pulses, FSXand
FSR, must be one bit clock period long, with timing relation-
ships specified in
Figure 2
. With FSXhigh during a falling
edge of BCLKX, the next rising edge of BCLKXenables the
DXTRI-STATE output buffer, which will output the sign bit.
The following seven rising edges clock out the remaining
seven bits, and the next falling edge disables the DXoutput.
With FSRhigh during a falling edge of BCLKR(BCLKXin
synchronous mode), the next falling edge of BCLKRlatches
in the sign bit. The following seven falling edges latch in the
seven remaining bits. All devices may utilize the short frame
sync pulse in synchronous or asynchronous operating
mode.
LONG FRAME SYNC OPERATION
To use the long (TP5116A/56 CODECs) frame mode, both
the frame sync pulses, FSXand FSR, must be three or more
bit clock periods long, with timing relationships specified in
Figure 3
. Based on the transmit frame sync, FSX, the COM-
BO will sense whether short or long frame sync pulses are
being used. For 64 kHz operation, the frame sync pulse
must be kept low for a minimum of 160 ns. The DXTRI-
STATE output buffer is enabled with the rising edge of FSX
or the rising edge of BCLKX, whichever comes later, and the
first bit clocked out is the sign bit. The following seven
BCLKXrising edges clock out the remaining seven bits. The
DXoutput is disabled by the falling BCLKXedge following
the eighth rising edge, or by FSXgoing low, whichever
comes later. A rising edge on the receive frame sync pulse,
FSR, will cause the PCM data at DRto be latched in on the
next eight falling edges of BCLKR(BCLKXin synchronous
mode). All devices may utilize the long frame sync pulse in
synchronous or asynchronous mode.
TRANSMIT SECTION
The transmit section input is an operational amplifier with
provision for gain adjustment using two external resistors,
see
Figure 4
. The low noise and wide bandwidth allow gains
in excess of 20 dB across the audio passband to be real-
ized. The op amp drives a unity-gain filter consisting of RC
active pre-filter, followed by an eighth order switched-ca-
pacitor bandpass filter clocked at 256 kHz. The output of
this filter directly drives the encoder sample-and-hold circuit.
The A/D is of companding type according to m-law
(TP3064) or A-law (TP3067) coding conventions. A preci-
sion voltage reference is trimmed in manufacturing to pro-
vide an input overload (tMAX) of nominally 2.5V peak (see
3