SanDisk SD Card OEM Product Manual Version 3.0 Document No 80-36-00497 April 2011 SanDisk Corporation Corporate Headquarters 601 McCarthy Boulevard Milpitas, CA 95035 (408) 801-1000 Phone (408) 801-8657 Fax www.sandisk.com SanDisk SD Card - OEM Product Manual SanDisk(R) Corporation general policy does not recommend the use of its products in life support applications wherein a failure or malfunction of the product may directly threaten life or injury. Without limitation to the foregoing, SanDisk shall not be liable for any loss, injury or damage caused by use of its products in any of the following applications: Special applications such as military related equipment, nuclear reactor control, and aerospace Control devices for automotive vehicles, train, ship and traffic equipment Safety system for disaster prevention and crime prevention Medical-related equipment including medical measurement device Accordingly, in any use of SanDisk products in life support systems or other applications where failure could cause damage, injury or loss of life, the products should only be incorporated in systems designed with appropriate redundancy, fault tolerant or back-up features. Per SanDisk Terms and Conditions of Sale, the user of SanDisk products in life support or other such applications assumes all risk of such use and agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless SanDisk Corporation and its affiliates against all damages. Security safeguards, by their nature, are capable of circumvention. SanDisk cannot, and does not, guarantee that data will not be accessed by unauthorized persons, and SanDisk disclaims any warranties to that effect to the fullest extent permitted by law. This document and related material is for information use only and is subject to change without prior notice. SanDisk Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document or related material, nor for any damages or claims resulting from the furnishing, performance or use of this document or related material. SanDisk Corporation explicitly disclaims any express and implied warranties and indemnities of any kind that may or could be associated with this document and related material, and any user of this document or related material agrees to such disclaimer as a precondition to receipt and usage hereof. EACH USER OF THIS DOCUMENT EXPRESSLY WAIVES ALL GUARANTIES AND WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND ASSOCIATED WITH THIS DOCUMENT AND/OR RELATED MATERIALS, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR INFRINGEMENT, TOGETHER WITH ANY LIABILITY OF SANDISK CORPORATION AND ITS AFFILIATES UNDER ANY CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY OR OTHER LEGAL OR EQUITABLE THEORY FOR LOSS OF USE, REVENUE, OR PROFIT OR OTHER INCIDENTAL, PUNITIVE, INDIRECT, SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION PHYSICAL INJURY OR DEATH, PROPERTY DAMAGE, LOST DATA, OR COSTS OF PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS, TECHNOLOGY OR SERVICES. No part of this document may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrievable manner or translated into any language or computer language, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual or otherwise, without the prior written consent of an officer of SanDisk Corporation. All parts of the SanDisk documentation are protected by copyright law and all rights are reserved. SanDisk and the SanDisk logo are registered trademarks of SanDisk Corporation, registered in the United States and other countries. All other brand names mentioned herein are for identification purposes only and may be trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective holder(s). (c) 2007 - 2010 SanDisk Corporation. All rights reserved. Document 80-36-00497 Rev. 2.9 ii 11/2010, Version 2.9. (c) 2007 - 2010 SanDisk Corporation. SanDisk Confidential, subject to all applicable non-disclosure agreements ii SanDisk SD Card - OEM Product Manual Revision History Date Revision January 2007 2.0 February 2007 2.1 Description June 2007 2.2 Added: -Reliability and Durability Specifications Table for the SD Card to Chapter 2 -Additional capacities and related specs to Tables 3-8 and 3-9 -C Size 6 GB and related specs to Table 3-7 -CID values to Table 3-4 -CSD values to Table 3-6 -TOC with subheadings removed application notes from Appendix D, replaced with links to white paper docs. Consolidated shared specifications in Chapter 2. Switched to out dent format. Rearranged General Description in Chapter 1. Changed hierarchy under Functional Description in Chapter 1. Corrected part number for microSD 6 GB and 8 GB. Made changes to Tables 3-6 and 3-7 according to feedback. October 2007 2.3 Added microSD Card top view to Chapter 2. Changed sleep current for microSD 6GB/8GB. Other minor edits. April 2009 2.4 Removed miniSD and microSD (addressed in a separate manual); Sleep current updated; CSD Register updated; DOS Image parameters updated; Ordering information updated August 2009 2.5 Updated Appendix A SKU information October 2009 2.6 Updated Class information for SDSDAA-002G and SDSDAB-002G January 2010 2.7 Updated SDA Version from 2.0 to SDA Version 3.0 August 2010 2.8 Updated speed class for SDSDAA parts November 2010 2.9 Updated speed class for SDSDAB parts March 2011 3.0 Updated SDSDAC products UHSI, 30/30 MB/s Class 10 Added SDSDAB-064G product iii 11/2010, Version 2.9. (c) 2007 - 2010 SanDisk Corporation. SanDisk Confidential, subject to all applicable non-disclosure agreements iii SanDisk SD Card - OEM Product Manual Introduction Table of Contents 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 2 1.1 General Description ...................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Features ........................................................................................................................ 3 1.3 Scope ............................................................................................................................ 3 1.4 SD Card Standard ......................................................................................................... 3 1.5 Functional Description .................................................................................................. 3 1.5.1 Technology Independence ................................................................................... 3 1.5.2 Defect and Error Management ............................................................................. 4 1.5.3 Content Protection ................................................................................................ 4 1.5.4 Wear Leveling ...................................................................................................... 4 1.5.5 Automatic Sleep Mode ......................................................................................... 4 1.5.6 Hot Insertion ......................................................................................................... 4 1.6 SD Card Products in SD Bus Mode .............................................................................. 4 1.7 SPI Mode ...................................................................................................................... 6 2 Product Specifications ........................................................................................................ 7 2.1 SD Card ........................................................................................................................ 7 2.1.1 System Performance ............................................................................................ 7 2.1.2 Physical Specifications ......................................................................................... 9 3 Interface Description ......................................................................................................... 10 3.1 Pins and Registers ...................................................................................................... 10 3.2 Bus Topology .............................................................................................................. 11 3.2.1 SD Bus ............................................................................................................... 11 3.2.2 SPI Bus ............................................................................................................... 11 3.3 Hot Insertion and Power Protection ............................................................................ 11 3.4 Electrical Interface....................................................................................................... 11 3.4.1 Power Up ............................................................................................................ 11 3.4.2 Bus Operating Conditions .................................................................................. 12 3.4.3 Bus Timing (Standard Mode) ............................................................................. 12 3.5 SD Card Registers ...................................................................................................... 12 3.5.1 Operation Conditions Register ........................................................................... 12 3.5.2 Card Identification Register ................................................................................ 12 3.5.3 Card Specific Data Register ............................................................................... 14 3.5.4 Card Status Register .......................................................................................... 16 3.5.5 SD Status Register ............................................................................................. 16 3.5.6 Relative Card Address Register ......................................................................... 17 3.5.7 SD Card Configuration Register ......................................................................... 17 3.5.8 SD Card Registers in SPI Mode ......................................................................... 17 3.5.9 Data Interchange Format and Card Sizes .......................................................... 17 4 SD Card Protocol Description ........................................................................................... 18 4.1 General Description .................................................................................................... 18 4.2 SD Bus Protocol .......................................................................................................... 18 4.3 Functional Description ................................................................................................ 18 4.3.1 Card Identification Mode .................................................................................... 18 4.3.2 Data Transfer Mode ........................................................................................... 18 4.3.3 Clock Control ...................................................................................................... 18 4.3.4 Cyclic Redundancy Codes ................................................................................. 18 4.3.5 Error Conditions ................................................................................................. 18 4.3.6 Commands ......................................................................................................... 18 4.3.7 Card State Transition ......................................................................................... 18 4.3.8 Timing Diagrams and Values ............................................................................. 19 4.3.9 Speed Class Specification .................................................................................. 19 4.3.10 Erase Timeout Calculation ................................................................................. 19 Appendix A: Ordering Information ............................................................................................ 19 1 11/2010, Version 2.9. (c) 2007 - 2010 SanDisk Corporation. SanDisk Confidential, subject to all applicable non-disclosure agreements 1 SanDisk SD Card - OEM Product Manual 1 Introduction 1.1 General Description Introduction The SanDisk SD Card is a flash based removable non-volatile memory device specifically designed to meet the security, capacity, performance and environmental requirements inherent in next generation consumer electronic devices. . The SanDisk SD Card is based on a 9-pin interface designed to operate in a maximum operating frequency of 100 MHz. The interface for SD Card products allows for easy integration into any design, regardless of which type of microprocessor is used. In addition to the interface, SD Card products offer an alternate communication-protocol based on the SPI standard. SanDisk SD cards are designed especially for use in mass storage applications. In addition to the mass storage-specific flash memory. SD cards include an on-board intelligent controller which manages interface protocols; security algorithms for content protection; data storage and retrieval, as well as Error Correction Code (ECC) algorithms; defect handling; power management; wear leveling and clock control. Figure 1-1 SanDisk SD Card Block Diagram 2 11/2010, Version 2.9. (c) 2007 - 2010 SanDisk Corporation. SanDisk Confidential, subject to all applicable non-disclosure agreements 2 SanDisk SD Card - OEM Product Manual 1.2 Introduction Features General features of cards in the SanDisk SD Card include: 1.3 SD-protocol compatible Supports SPI Mode Targeted for portable and stationary applications for secured (content protected) and unsecured data storage Voltage range of 2.7 to 3.6V Variable clock rate 0-25 MHz (standard), 0-50 MHz (high performance) . 0-100MHz (Ultra High Speed) Up to 50 MB/sec data transfer rate (using four parallel data lines) Memory field error correction Password protection Write-protection using mechanical switch Built-in write protection features (permanent and temporary) Supports card detection (insertion and removal) Application-specific commands Scope This document describes key features and specifications of the SanDisk SD Card as well as the information required to interface this product to a host system. Chapter 2 describes the physical and mechanical properties of cards in the SanDisk SD Card, Chapter 3 contains the pins and register overview, and Chapter 4 gives a general overview of the SD protocol. Information about SPI Protocol can be referenced in Section 7 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. 1.4 SD Card Standard SanDisk SD cards are fully compatible with the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. This specification is available from the SD Card Association (SDA). SD Card Association 2400 Camino Ramon, Suite 375 San Ramon, CA 94583 USA Telephone: +1 (925) 275-6615 Fax: +1 (925) 886-4870 E-mail: office@sdcard.org Web site: www.sdcard.org 1.5 Functional Description The family of SanDisk SD cards contains a high-level, intelligent subsystem as shown in Figure 1-1. This intelligent (microprocessor) subsystem provides many capabilities not found in other types of memory cards. These capabilities include: 1.5.1 Host independence from details of erasing and programming flash memory Sophisticated system for managing defects (analogous to systems found in magnetic disk drives) Sophisticated system for error recovery including a powerful ECC Power management for low power operation Technology Independence The 512-byte sector size of a card in the SanDisk SD Card is the same as that in an IDE magnetic disk drive. To write or read a sector (or multiple sectors), the host software simply 3 11/2010, Version 2.9. (c) 2007 - 2010 SanDisk Corporation. SanDisk Confidential, subject to all applicable non-disclosure agreements 3 SanDisk SD Card - OEM Product Manual Introduction issues a read or write command to the card. The command contains the address and number of sectors to write or read. The host software then waits for the command to complete. The host software does not get involved in the details of how the flash memory is erased, programmed or read. This is extremely important because flash devices are expected to get increasingly complex in the future. Because SanDisk SD cards use an intelligent on-board controller, host system software will not need to be updated as new flash memory evolves. In other words, systems that support the SD Card today will be able to access future SanDisk cards built with new flash technology without having to update or change host software. 1.5.2 Defect and Error Management The SanDisk SD Card contains a sophisticated defect and error management system. This system is analogous to the systems found in magnetic disk drives and in many cases offers enhancements. If necessary, SanDisk SD Card will rewrite data from a defective sector to a good sector. This is completely transparent to the host and does not consume any user data space. The SanDisk SD Card soft error rate specification is much better than the magnetic disk drive specification. In the extremely rare case that a read error does occur, SanDisk SD Card has innovative algorithms to recover the data. These defect and error management systems, coupled with the solid state construction, give SanDisk SD Card unparalleled reliability. 1.5.3 Content Protection A detailed description of the content protection mechanism and related security SD commands can be found in the SD Security Specification from the SDA. All SD security-related commands in the SanDisk SD Card operate in the data transfer mode. 1.5.4 Wear Leveling Wear leveling is an intrinsic part of the erase pooling functionality of SanDisk SD cards. 1.5.5 Automatic Sleep Mode A unique feature of SanDisk SD Cards is automatic entrance and exit from sleep mode. Upon completion of an operation, cards enter sleep mode to conserve power if no further commands are received. The host does not have to take any action for this to occur. When the host is ready to access a card in sleep mode, any command issued to it will cause it to exit sleep, and respond. 1.5.6 Hot Insertion Support for hot insertion will be required on the host but will be supported through the connector. Connector manufacturers will provide connectors that have power pins long enough to be powered before contact is made with the other pins. This approach is similar to that used in PCMCIA devices to allow for hot insertion. 1.6 SD Card Products in SD Bus Mode The following sections provide valuable information on SanDisk SD Cards in SD Bus mode. SanDisk SD Cards are fully compliant with the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. Card Specific Data (CSD) Register structures are compliant with CSD Structure 1.0 and 2.0. This section covers Negotiating Operating Conditions, Card Acquisition and Identification, Card Status, Memory Array Partitioning, Read/Write Operations, Data Transfer Rate, Data Protection in Flash Cards, Write Protection, Copy Bit, and CSD Register. Additional practical card detection methods can be found in application notes pertaining to the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. 4 11/2010, Version 2.9. (c) 2007 - 2010 SanDisk Corporation. SanDisk Confidential, subject to all applicable non-disclosure agreements 4 SanDisk SD Card - OEM Product Manual Figure 1-2 Introduction Memory Array Partitioning Figure 1-3 illustrates the formatting of a data transfer. Figure 1-3 Data Transfer Formats. 5 11/2010, Version 2.9. (c) 2007 - 2010 SanDisk Corporation. SanDisk Confidential, subject to all applicable non-disclosure agreements 5 SanDisk SD Card - OEM Product Manual Introduction Table 1-1 contains descriptions for each transfer mode. Table 1-1 Mode Definitions 1.7 Mode Description Single Block In this mode the host reads or writes one data block in a pre-specified length. The data block transmission is protected with 16-bit CRC that is generated by the sending unit and checked by the receiving unit. The block length for read operations is limited by the device sector size (512 bytes) but can be as small as a single byte. Misalignment is not allowed. Every data block must be contained in a single physical sector. The block length for write operations must be identical to the sector size and the start address aligned to a sector boundary. Multiple Block This mode is similar to the single block mode, except for the host can read/ write multiple data blocks (all have the same length) that are stored or retrieved from contiguous memory addresses starting at the address specified in the command. The operation is terminated with a stop transmission command. Misalignment and block length restrictions apply to multiple blocks and are identical to the single block read/write operations. SPI Mode The SPI Mode is a secondary communication protocol for the SD card. This mode is a subset of the SD Protocol, designed to communicate with an SPI channel, commonly found in Motorola and other vendors' microcontrollers. Detailed information about SPI Mode can be found in Section 7 or the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. 6 11/2010, Version 2.9. (c) 2007 - 2010 SanDisk Corporation. SanDisk Confidential, subject to all applicable non-disclosure agreements 6 SanDisk SD Card - OEM Product Manual Product Specifications 2 Product Specifications 2.1 SD Card This section provides product specifications for the SanDisk SD Card. Typical Card Power Requirements The values stated in Table 2-1 represent the SanDisk SD Card power requirements. Table 2-1 San Disk SD Card Power Requirements Mode Maximum Value Standard Mode (25 MHz) Sleep 350 uA Read 100 mA Write 100 mA Standard Mode - for SDXC card XPC bit on(25 MHz) Host selected XPC bit in ACMD41 Sleep 350 uA Read 150 mA Write 150 mA High Performance Mode (50 MHz) Sleep 350 uA Read 200 mA Write 200 mA UHS-I SDR50 Mode - (100 MHz) Sleep 350 uA Read 400 mA Write 400 mA UHS-I DDR50 Mode - (50 MHz) Sleep 350 uA Read 400 mA Write 400 mA UHS-I SDR104 Mode - (208 MHz) Sleep 350 uA Read 800 mA Write 800 mA NOTE Current consumption is measured by averaging over one (1) second. Refer to Section 6.6.3 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01 for more information. 2.1.1 System Performance This section provides the system performance specifications for the SanDisk SD Card. All performance values in Table 2-2 were measured under the following conditions: Voltage range 2.7 to 3.6V 11/2010, Version 2.9. (c) 2007 - 2010 SanDisk Corporation. SanDisk 7 Confidential, subject to all applicable non-disclosure agreements 7 SanDisk SD Card - OEM Product Manual Product Specifications Temperature -25 C to 85 C Independent of card clock frequency Table 2-2 System Performance Timing Maximum Value Block Read Access Time 100 ms Block Write Access Time 250 ms 11/2010, Version 2.9. (c) 2007 - 2010 SanDisk Corporation. SanDisk 8 Confidential, subject to all applicable non-disclosure agreements 8 SanDisk SD Card - OEM Product Manual 2.1.2 Product Specifications Physical Specifications Table 2-3 and Figure 2-1 provides the physical dimensions of the SanDisk SD Card. Table 2-3 SanDisk SD Card Physical Specification Summary Specification SanDisk SD Card Weight 2.5 g maximum Length 32 mm +/- 0.1 mm Width 24 mm +/- 0.1 mm Thickness 2.1 mm +/- 0.15 mm Figure 2-1 SD Card Dimensions 11/2010, Version 2.9. (c) 2007 - 2010 SanDisk Corporation. SanDisk 9 Confidential, subject to all applicable non-disclosure agreements 9 SanDisk SD Card - OEM Product Manual Interface Description 3 Interface Description 3.1 Pins and Registers The SanDisk SD Card has exposed contacts on one side. The host uses a dedicated 9-pin connector to connect to SD cards. In Table 3-1, pin assignments for the SanDisk SD Card are for SD Bus Mode. Table 3-2 contains pin assignments for SPI Mode. NOTE Pin assignments are provided by the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00 and associated addendums. For more details, refer to Section 3.7 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification Layer 3.00. Table 3-1 SD Bus Mode Pin Assignment Name Typea Description 1 CD/DAT3b I/Oc/PP Card Detect/Data Line [bit 3] 2 CMD PP Command/Response 3 VSS1 S Supply Voltage Ground 4 VDD S Supply Voltage 5 CLK I Clock 6 VSS2 S Supply Voltage Ground 7 DAT0 I/O/PP Data Line [bit 0] 8 DAT1 I/O/PP Data Line [bit 1] 9 DAT2 I/O/PP Data Line [bit 2] Pin No. SD Card a. Type Key: S=power supply; I= input; O=output using push-pull drivers; PP=I/O using pushpull drivers. b. The extended DAT lines (DAT1-DAT3) are input on power up. They start to operate as DAT lines after the SET_BUS_WIDTH Type Key: S=power supply; I=input; O=output using push-pull drivers; PP=I/O using push-pull drivers.) c. At power up this line has a 50KOhm pullup enabled in the card. This resistor serves two functions: Card detection and Mode Selection. For Mode Selection, the host can drive the line high or let it be pulled high to select SD mode. If the host wants to select SPI mode it should drive the line low. For Card detection, the host detects that the line is pulled high. This pull-up should be disconnected by the user, during regular data transfer, with SET_CLR_CARD_DETECT (ACMD42) command The SanDisk SD Card pin assignments in Table 3-2 below are for SPI Mode. Table 3-2 Pin No. SPI Mode Pin Assignment Name Type Description 1 CS I Chip Select (active low) 2 DataIn I Host-to-Card Commands and Data 3 VSS1 S Supply Voltage Ground 4 VDD S Supply Voltage 5 SCLK I Clock 6 VSS2 S Supply Voltage Ground 7 DataOut O/PP Card-to-Host Data and Status 8 RSV -- Reserved 9 RSV -- Reserved SD Card 11/2010, Version 2.9. (c) 2007 - 2010 SanDisk Corporation. SanDisk 10 Confidential, subject to all applicable non-disclosure agreements 10 SanDisk SD Card - OEM Product Manual Interface Description Each card has a set of information registers. Register descriptions and SDA references are provided in Section 3.7 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00. Table 3-3 3.2 SD Card Register Overview Register Abbreviation Width (in bits) Register Name CID 128 Card Identification Number RCA 16 Relative Card Address CSD 128 Card Specific Data SCR 64 SD Configuration Register OCR 32 Operation Condition Register SSR 512 SD Status Register CSR 32 Card Status Register Bus Topology The family of SanDisk SD products supports two communication protocols: SD and SPI. For more details, refer to Section 3.5 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. Section 6 of the specification contains a bus circuitry diagram for reference. 3.2.1 SD Bus For more details, refer to Section 3.5.1 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. 3.2.2 SPI Bus For more details, refer to Section 3.5.2 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. 3.3 Hot Insertion and Power Protection Refer to Section 6.1, 6.2 and 6.3 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. 3.4 Electrical Interface The power scheme of SanDisk SD products is handled locally in each card and in the bus master. Refer to Section 6.4 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. 3.4.1 Power Up Power must be applied to the VDD pin before any I/O pin is set to logic HIGH. In other words, CMD, CLK, and DAT0-3 must be at zero (0) volts when power is applied to the VDD pin. For more information, refer to Section 6.4.1 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. Figure 3-1 provides the recommended power control scheme Figure 3-1 Recommended Power Control Scheme 11/2010, Version 2.9. (c) 2007 - 2010 SanDisk Corporation. SanDisk 11 Confidential, subject to all applicable non-disclosure agreements 11 SanDisk SD Card - OEM Product Manual Interface Description The recommended power control scheme for SanDisk SD card is illustrated in Figure 3-1. Most card connectors have a card detect switch that signals the SD host when the card is inserted. After the host is aware of the card insertion, it turns on the FET switch to apply power to card's VDD pin. Once the card is inserted and all card pins are making contact, there is a delay before the FET switch is turned on. IMPORTANT: Because there are clamping diodes on the CMD, CLK, and DAT0-3 pins, it is crucial to ensure that CLK, CMD, and DAT0-3 are at zero (0) volts during the delay and before the FET switch is turned on. If any I/O pin, (CMD, CLK, or DAT0-3) goes above zero volts during the delay and before power reaches the card VDD pin, it will forward bias the clamping diodes and can cause the card to go into an unknown state. It is the host's responsibility to make sure power gets to VDD before CMD, CLK, or DAT0-3 go above zero volts. 3.4.2 Bus Operating Conditions SPI Mode bus operating conditions are identical to SD Card Bus Mode operating conditions. For details, see Section 6.6 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. 3.4.3 Bus Timing (Standard Mode) See Section 6.7 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. 3.5 SD Card Registers There is a set of eight registers within the card interface. However, the DSR Register is optional and is not used in SanDisk SD Card. For specific information about all registers, refer to Section 5 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. 3.5.1 Operation Conditions Register The Operation Conditions Register (OCR) stores a card's VDD voltage profile. Refer to Section 5.1 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01 for more information. 3.5.2 Card Identification Register The Card Identification (CID) Register is 16 bytes long and contains the unique card identification number. It is programmed during card manufacturing and cannot be changed by card hosts. See Table 3-4. 11/2010, Version 2.9. (c) 2007 - 2010 SanDisk Corporation. SanDisk 12 Confidential, subject to all applicable non-disclosure agreements 12 SanDisk SD Card - OEM Product Manual Table 3-4 Interface Description CID Register Definitions Name Manufacturer ID (MID) OEM/Application ID (OID) Product Name (PNM) Type Binary ASCII ASCII Width CID Value Comments 0x03 Manufacturer IDs are controlled and assigned by the SD-3C, LLC. 16 SD ASCII Code 0x53, 0x44 Identifies the card OEM and/or the card contents. The OID is controlled and assigned by the SD-3C, LLC. 40 SD SD16G SD08G SD04G SD02G SD01G SD512 SD256 SD128 SD064 8 Five-character ASCII string. Product Revision (PRV) BCD 8 Product Revision xx See Section 5.2 in the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00. Serial Number (PSN) Binary 32 Product Serial Number 32-bit unsigned integer Reserved -- 4 -- -- Manufacture Date Code (MDT) BCD 12 Manufacture date (for example, April 2001=0x014) Manufacturing date-yym (offset from 2000) CRC7 Checksum (CRC) Binary 7 CRC7 Calculated Not used, always 0 -- 1 -- -- 11/2010, Version 2.9. (c) 2007 - 2010 SanDisk Corporation. SanDisk 13 Confidential, subject to all applicable non-disclosure agreements 13 SanDisk SD Card - OEM Product Manual 3.5.3 Interface Description Card Specific Data Register The Card Specific Data (CSD) Register configuration information is required to access card data. The CSD defines the data format, error correction type, maximum data access time, etc. The field structures of the CSD Register vary depending on the physical specifications and card capacity. The CSD_STRUCTURE field in the CSD Register indicates which structure version is used. Table 3-5 shows the version number as it relates to the CSD structure. Refer to Section 5.3.1 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01 for more information. Table 3-5 CSD Register Structure CSD Structure Version Valid for SD Card Physical Specification Version / Card Capacity 0 CSD Version 1.0 Version 1.01 to 1.10 Version 2.00/Standard Capacity 1 CSD Version 2.0 Version 2.00/High Capacity Reserved -- CSD_STRUCTURE 2-3 Table 3-6 provides an overview of the CSD Register. More field-specific information can be found in Section 5.3.2 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. 11/2010, Version 2.9. (c) 2007 - 2010 SanDisk Corporation. SanDisk 14 Confidential, subject to all applicable non-disclosure agreements 14 SanDisk SD Card - OEM Product Manual Table 3-6 Interface Description CSD Register (CSD Version 1.0) Field CSD Value Description CSD_STRUCTURE 1.0 CSD structure -- -- Reserved TAAC 1.5 msec Data read access-time-1 NSAC 0 Data read access-time-2 in CLK cycles (NSAC*100) CCC Standard Mode 25MHz High Performance Mode 50MHz Ultra High Speed Mode 100MHz All (inc. WP, lock/unlock) READ_BL_LEN 2G = 0xA Up to 1G = 0x9 Maximum read data block length READ_BL_PARTIAL Yes Partial blocks for read allowed WRITE_BLK_MISALIGN No Write block misalignment READ_BLK_MISALIGN No Read block misalignment DSR_IMP No DSR implemented -- -- Reserved C_SIZE 64 MB 128 MB 256 MB 512 MB 1 GB 2 GB Secured 0xEDF 0xF03 0xF13 0xF1E 0xF22 0xF24 Device Size VDD_R_CURR_MIN 100 mA Maximum read current @VDD min VDD_R_CURR_MAX 80 mA Maximum read current @VDD max VDD_W_CURR_MIN 100 mA Maximum write current @VDD min VDD_W_CURR_MAX 80 mA Maximum write current @VDD max C_SIZE_MULT 2G=2048 1G=1024 512=512 256=256 128=128 64=64 Device size multiplier ERASE_BLK_EN Yes Erase single block enable SECTOR_SIZE 31 blocks Erase sector size WP_GRP_SIZE 127 sectors Write protect group size WP_GRP_ENABLE Yes Write protect group enable Reserved -- Reserved for MMC compatibility R2W_FACTOR x16 Write speed factor WRITE_BL_LEN 0x9 Maximum write data block length WRITE_BL_PARTIAL No Partial blocks for write allowed -- -- Reserved FILE_FORMAT_GRP 0 File format group COPY Has been copied Copy flag (OTP) PERM_WRITE_PROTECT Not protected Permanent write protection TMP_WRITE_PROTECT Not protected Temporary write protection FILE_FORMAT HD w/partition File format Reserved -- Reserved CRC CRC7 CRC -- -- Not used, always 1 TRANS_SPEED Maximum data transfer rate Card command classes Refer to Section 5.3.3, Table 5-16 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00 for more detailed information. 11/2010, Version 2.9. (c) 2007 - 2010 SanDisk Corporation. SanDisk 15 Confidential, subject to all applicable non-disclosure agreements 15 SanDisk SD Card - OEM Product Manual Table 3-7 Interface Description CSD Register (CSD Version 2.0) Field CSD Value Description CSD_STRUCTURE 2.0 CSD structure -- -- Reserved TAAC 1.5 msec Data read access-time NSAC 0 Data read access-time in CLK cycles (NSAC*100) TRANS_SPEED Standard Mode 25MHz High Performance Mode 50MHz Ultra High Speed Mode 100MHz Maximum data transfer rate CCC All (inc. WP, lock/unlock) Card command classes READ_BL_LEN 9 Maximum read data block length READ_BL_PARTIAL Yes Partial blocks for read allowed WRITE_BLK_MISALIGN No Write block misalignment READ_BLK_MISALIGN No Read block misalignment DSR_IMP No DSR implemented -- 0 Reserved C_SIZE 4 GB 6 GB 8 GB 12 GB 16 GB 32 GB Secured 0x1E5C 0x2D8C 0x3CDC 0x5B6C 0x79FC 0xF45C Device Size -- 0 Reserved ERASE_BLK_EN 1 Erase single block enable SECTOR_SIZE 64 blocks Erase sector size WP_GRP_SIZE 000000b Write protect group size WP_GRP_ENABLE No Write protect group enable Reserved -- Reserved for MMC compatibility R2W_FACTOR x4 Write speed factor Maximum write data block length WRITE_BL_LEN WRITE_BL_PARTIAL No Partial blocks for write allowed -- -- Reserved FILE_FORMAT_GRP 0 File format group COPY Has been copied Copy flag (OTP) PERM_WRITE_PROTECT Not protected Permanent write protection TMP_WRITE_PROTECT Not protected Temporary write protection FILE_FORMAT HD w/partition File format Reserved -- Reserved CRC CRC7 CRC -- -- Not used, always 1 3.5.4 Card Status Register The Card Status Register (CSR) transmits the card's status information (which may be stored in a local status register) to the host. The CSR is defined in Section 4.10.1 in the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. 3.5.5 SD Status Register The SD Status Register (SSR) contains status bits that are related to the SD Card proprietary features and may be used for future applications. The SD Status structure is described in Section 4.10.2 in the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. 11/2010, Version 2.9. (c) 2007 - 2010 SanDisk Corporation. SanDisk 16 Confidential, subject to all applicable non-disclosure agreements 16 SanDisk SD Card - OEM Product Manual Interface Description 3.5.6 Relative Card Address Register The 16-bit Relative Card Address (RCA) Register carries the card address published by the card during the card identification. Refer to Section 5.4 in the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01 for more information. 3.5.7 SD Card Configuration Register The SD Card Configuration Register (SCR) is in addition to the CSD Register. The SCR provides information about special features in the SanDisk SD Card products. For more information, refer to Section 5.6 in the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. 3.5.8 SD Card Registers in SPI Mode All card registers are accessible in SPI Mode. Their format is identical to the format in the SD Bus Mode. However a few fields are irrelevant in SPI Mode. In SPI Mode: The Card Status Register has a different, shorter, format as well. Refer to Section 7.4 in the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01 for more details. 3.5.9 Data Interchange Format and Card Sizes In general, a file system provides structure for data in SanDisk SD Card products. The SD Card File System Specification, published by the SDA, describes the file format system that is implemented in the SanDisk SD Card products. In general, each card is divided into two separate DOS-formatted partitions as follows: User Area-used for secured and non-secured data storage and can be accessed by the user with regular read/write commands. Security Protected Area-used by content protection applications to save security related data and can be accessed by the host using the secured read/write command after doing authentication as defined in the SD Security Specification. The security protected area size is defined by SanDisk as approximately one percent of the total size of the card. Table 3-8 describes the user area for SanDisk SD Card. Table 3-8 Capacity User Area DOS Image Parameters Total LBAs No. of Partition System Area Sectors Total Partition Sectors User Data Sectors User Data Bytes 2GB 3862528 505 3,858,489 3,857,984 1,975,287,808 4GB 7744512 8192 7,736,320 7,728,128 3,956,801,536 8GB 15523840 8192 15,515,648 15,507,456 7,939,817,472 16GB 31116288 8192 31,108,096 31,099,904 15,923,150,848 32GB 62333952 16384 62,325,760 62,309,376 31,902,400,512 64GB 125000704 66304 124967936 124934400 63,864,569,856 11/2010, Version 2.9. (c) 2007 - 2010 SanDisk Corporation. SanDisk 17 Confidential, subject to all applicable non-disclosure agreements 17 SanDisk SD Card - OEM Product Manual SD Card Protocol Description 4 SD Card Protocol Description 4.1 General Description SD Protocol information for the SanDisk SD Card is contained in this chapter; information includes SD bus protocol, card identification, and a functional description. 4.2 SD Bus Protocol Communication over the SD bus is based on command and data-bit streams initiated by a start bit and terminated by a stop bit. See Section 3.6.1 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01 for details. 4.3 Functional Description The host controls all communication between itself and the cards. To demonstrate how this communication works, this section provides a general overview of the card identification and data transfer modes; commands; card dependencies; various card operation modes and restrictions for controlling the clock signal. All SD Card commands, together with corresponding responses, state transitions, error conditions, and timings are also provided. For detailed information, refer to Section 4 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. 4.3.1 Card Identification Mode In Card Identification Mode, the host resets all cards, validates operation voltage range, identifies and requests cards to publish a relative card address. For more information see Section 4.2 in the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. 4.3.2 Data Transfer Mode In Data Transfer Mode, the host may operate the SanDisk SD Card in the fPP frequency range. In the SDA Physical Specification, this section includes information about data read and write, erase, write-protect management, card lock/unlock operations, application-specific commands, switch function command, high-speed mode, command system, and the Send Interface Condition command (CMD8). CMD8 is part of identification mode and command functional differences in high capacity SD cards. For more detailed information, refer to Section 4.3 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. 4.3.3 Clock Control The host can use the bus clock signal in SanDisk SD cards to switch them to energy saving mode or to control data flow on the bus. See Section 4.4 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. 4.3.4 Cyclic Redundancy Codes The Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) protects against transmission errors that may occur on the bus in SanDisk SD Cards. Detailed information and examples for CRC7 and CRC16 are provided in Section 4.5 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. 4.3.5 Error Conditions See Section 4.6 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. 4.3.6 Commands See Section 4.7 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01 for detailed information about card commands in the SanDisk SD Card. 4.3.7 Card State Transition In SD cards, the state transition is dependent on the received command. The transition is defined in Section 4.8 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01 along with responses sent on the command line. 11/2010, Version 2.9. (c) 2007 - 2010 SanDisk Corporation. SanDisk 18 Confidential, subject to all applicable non-disclosure agreements 18 SanDisk SD Card - OEM Product Manual SD Card Protocol Description 4.3.8 Timing Diagrams and Values See Section 4.12 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. 4.3.9 Speed Class Specification The speed class specification classifies card performance by speed class number and offers the method to calculate performance. For more information, refer to Section 4.13 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. 4.3.10 Erase Timeout Calculation See Section 4.14 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.01. Appendix A: Ordering Information Sequential Write Performance Sequential Read Performance Speed Class Rating SD3.0 n/a n/a n/a 2GB SD3.0 n/a n/a n/a SDSDAB-002G 2GB SD3.0 7 MB/s 15 MB/s n/a SDSDAA-004G 4GB SD3.0 n/a n/a 4 SDSDAB-004G 4GB SD3.0 5 MB/s 15 MB/s 4 SDSDAC-004G 4GB SD3.0 UHSI 30 MB/s 30 MB/s 10 SDSDAA-008G 8GB SD3.0 n/a n/a 4 SDSDAB-008G 8GB SD3.0 7 MB/s 15 MB/s 4 SDSDAC-008G 8GB SD3.0 UHSI 30 MB/s 30 MB/s 10 SDSDAA-016G 16GB SD3.0 n/a n/a 4 SDSDAB-016G 16GB SD3.0 7 MB/s 15 MB/s 4 SDSDAC-016G 16GB SD3.0 UHSI 30 MB/s 30 MB/s 10 SDSDAA-032G 32GB SD3.0 n/a n/a 4 SDSDAB-032G 32GB SD3.0 7 MB/s 15 MB/s 4 SDSDAC-032G 32GB SD3.0 UHSI 30 MB/s 30 MB/s 10 SDSDAB-064G 64GB SD3.0 7 MB/s 15 MB/s 4 Part Number Capacity SDSDAA-001G 1GB SDSDAA-002G Interface