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Siemens KT10.1 · 2004 14/15
Technical information and configuration
Battery charging, fusing of the
output circuit 24 V DC, selectivity
14
■
Battery charging with SITOP power supplies
The SITOP modular power supplies 5 A to 40 A with stabilized
output voltage that can be set between 24.0 V and 28.8 V supply
a constant output current of approximately 1.2 x rated current
under overload conditions (e.g. a completely discharged 24 V
lead-acid battery). In the case of a V/I characteristic set for
parallel operation, the battery will be charged with a constant
current until approximately 95% of the set SITOP output voltage
has been achieved. The charging current is then continuously
reduced from 1.2 x rated current at 95% of the set voltage to ap-
prox. 0 A or the self-discharge current of the battery at 100% of
the set output voltage, i.e. resistance characteristic in this range.
As reverse voltage protection and polarity reversal protection,
we recommend that a diode suitable for at least 1.2 x rated cur-
rent of the power supply with a blocking voltage of at least 40 V
is connected in series with the + output (anode connected to
+ output of the SITOP modular and cathode connected to posi-
tive pole of the battery).
The output voltage of the power supply must be set at no-load to
the end-of-charge voltage plus the voltage drop at the diode. For
an end-of-charge voltage of e.g. 27.0 V DC (usual at 20 °C to
30 °C battery temperature; in each case, compliance with the
specifications of the battery manufacturer must be observed!)
and 0.8 V voltage drop at the diode, SITOP modular must be set
to 27.8 V during no-load operation.
General note for using SITOP power supplies as a battery
charging unit
When SITOP modular is used as a battery charging unit, the
regulations of VDE 0510 or the relevant national regulations must
be observed and adequate ventilation must be provided. The
SITOP modular power supplies are designed as rack-mounting
units, and protection against electric shock should therefore be
provided by installation in an appropriate housing.
The value recommended by the battery manufacturer must be
set as the end-of-charge voltage (depending on the battery tem-
perature). An ideal temperature for the lead-acid battery is be-
tween +20 and 30 °C and the recommended end-of-charge volt-
age in this case is usually about 27 V.
■
Fusing of 24 V power supply circuits and selectivity
With unstabilized rectifiers (power transformer equipped with
rectifier) the output usually had to be protected with a suitable
fuse so that its rectifier diodes would not fail in the event of an
overload or a short-circuit (this would destroy the DC loads due
to the resulting alternating voltage and lead to serious damage
in most cases).
On the other hand, the stabilized SITOP power supplies comply
with the standard applicable to the electrical equipment of
machines DIN VDE 0113 Part 1, Section 7.2.9 (November 1998)
or EN 60204-1 and are provided with integral electronic short-
circuit protection which automatically protects both the power
supply and the supplied 24 V DC circuits against an excess
current in the event of an overload/short-circuit. A differentiation
must be made between the following three cases with respect to
fusing on the secondary side:
Example 1: No fusing
Fusing the secondary side (24 V DC) for protecting the load cir-
cuits and lines is not required if the respective cross-sections are
selected for the maximum possible output current RMS value.
Depending on the event (short-circuit or overload) this may ei-
ther be the short-circuit RMS value or the current limitation value.
Example SITOP power 10 (Order No.: 6EP1334-2BA00)
• Rated current 10 A
• Current limitation typ. 13 to 15 A
• Short-circuit RMS value < 21 A
The technical specifications usually specify typical values, max-
imum values are approx. 2 A above the typical value. In the ex-
ample here, a maximum possible output current RMS value of
approx. 23 A must therefore be used for line dimensioning.
Example 2: Reduced cross-sections
If smaller cross-sections are used than specified in DIN VDE
0113 Part 1 or EN 60204-1, the associated 24 V load supply lines
must be provided with appropriate line protection (see DIN VDE
0113 Part 1 or EN 60204-1).
It is then unimportant whether the power supply enters current
limiting mode (overload) or delivers the maximum short-circuit
current (low-resistance short-circuit). The load supply line is in
any case protected against an overload by the line protection
matched to the conductor cross-section.
Example 3: Selectivity
In cases where a load which has failed (e.g. because of a short-
circuit) has to be rapidly detected or where it is essential to se-
lectively switch it off before the power supply enters current lim-
iting mode (with current limiting mode, the voltage would also fall
for all remaining 24 V DC loads), there are two possibilities for the
secondary side connection.
• Use of a 4-channel electronic diagnosis module SITOP
select (Order No.: 6EP1961-2BA00), with a current adjust-
able from 2 A to 10 A for each channel
• Series connection of appropriate 24 V DC fuses or circuit-
breakers
The basis for selection of the 24 V DC fuse or circuit-breaker is
the short-circuit current above the rated current which the SITOP
power supplies deliver in the event of a short-circuit during op-
eration (values are specified in the respective technical specifi-
cations under "Output, dynamic V/I on short-circuit during oper-
ation").
It is not easy to calculate the amount of the short-circuit current
flowing into the usually not ideal "short-circuit" and the amount
flowing into the remaining loads. This depends on the type of
overload (high-resistance or low-resistance short-circuit) and
the type of load connected (resistive, inductive and capaci-
tive/electronic loads).
However, it can be assumed with a first approximation in the
average case encountered in practice that the difference of dyn.
V/I minus 50% SITOP rated output current is available for the
immediate tripping of a circuit-breaker within a typical time of
12 ms (with 14 times the rated DC with a circuit-breaker charac-
teristic C acc. to IEC 898 or with 7 times the rated DC with a cir-
cuit-breaker characteristic B or with 5 times the rated DC with a
circuit-breaker characteristic A). Please refer to the following ta-
bles for circuit-breakers appropriate for selected fusing accord-
ing to this assumption.