MAX16999AUA33+T - Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.

General Description

The MAX16999 linear regulator operates from a 2.5V to

5.5V input voltage and delivers 100mA continuous load

current with a low quiescent current typically around

13µA. The output voltage is preset to internally trimmed

voltages in the 0.5V to 3.3V range (see the

Selector

Guide

). An active-low, open-drain reset output remains

low for a programmable timeout delay after the output

voltage reaches regulation. The reset timeout is pro-

grammed by an external capacitor connected to CRES.

This device also features logic-controlled shutdown,

and short-circuit and thermal-overload protection. The

typical applications are multimedia, telematics, and

motor control microcontrollers (µCs) with always-on

requirements. The MAX16999 is used as a parallel, low-

quiescent supply to power the core or interrupt section

of µCs during sleep mode. It can also be used to sup-

ply a timer or memory during µC shutoff. The adjustable

POR delay assists with power-supply sequencing.

Applications

Industrial

SDRAM Power Supplies

Keep-Alive Timers

Handheld/Portable Devices

Features

♦Preset 0.5V to 3.3V Output Voltage Range

♦Up to 100mA Output Current at TA= +125°C

♦13µA Quiescent Current

♦Logic-Controlled Enable

♦Adjustable POR Delay Flag

♦Short to GND Protection on Reset Timer

♦Used in Parallel with High-Current Supply of

Equal Voltages

♦AEC-100 Qualification Request

♦Thermal-Overload and Short-Circuit Protection

♦Tiny 8-Pin µMAX®Package with Exposed Pad

MAX16999

Ultra-Low Output Voltage, Low-Quiescent-Current

Linear Regulator for High-Temperature Applications

________________________________________________________________

Maxim Integrated Products

INPUT

2.5V TO 5.5V

OUTPUT

0.5V TO 3.3V

CIN

1μF

OFF

TO CONTROLLER

GND

IN OUT

CRES

RESET

LOGIC

SUPPLY

MAX16999

COUT

4.7μF

CCRES

15nF

Typical Operating Circuit

19-4114; Rev 0; 4/08

For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642,

or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.

Ordering Information

Insert the desired two-digit suffix (see the Selector Guide) into

the blanks to complete the part number. Contact the factory for

other output voltages or other package options.

Denotes a lead-free package and RoHS compliant.

EP = Exposed pad.

PART* TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE

MAX16999AUA_ _+ -40°C to +125°C 8 µMAX-EP**

GND

*EXPOSED PAD

RESET

CRES

OUT

MAX16999

μMAX

TOP VIEW

Pin Configuration

Selector Guide appears at end of data sheet.

µMAX is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.

MAX16999

Ultra-Low Output Voltage, Low-Quiescent-Current

Linear Regulator for High-Temperature Applications

2 _______________________________________________________________________________________

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(For devices with VOUT ≤1.5V, VIN = 3.3V. For devices with VOUT > 1.5V, VIN = 5V. EN = IN, TJ= -40°C to +125°C, CIN = 1µF, COUT

= 4.7µF, CCRES = 1000pF, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.) (Note 1)

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional

operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to

absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

IN, RESET to GND .................................................-0.3V to +6.0V

OUT, CRES, EN to GND ..............................-0.3V to (VIN + 0.3V)

Output Short-Circuit Duration.....................................Continuous

Continuous Power Dissipation (TA= +70°C) (Note 1)

(derate 10.3mW/°C above +70°C)

8-Pin µMAX (single-layer PCB) ..................................824.7mW

(derate 12.9mW/°C above +70°C)

8-Pin µMAX (multilayer PCB)....................................1030.9mW

Package Junction-to-Case Thermal Resistance (θJC) ......4.8°C/W

Package Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance (θJA)

(single-layer PCB) ........................................................97°C/W

Package Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance (θJA)

(multilayer PCB) ........................................................77.6°C/W

Operating Temperature Range .........................-40°C to +125°C

Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C

Storage Temperature Range .............................-60°C to +150°C

Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

IN Operating Voltage VIN 2.5 5.5 V

IN Undervoltage-Lockout (UVLO)

Threshold VUVLO VIN rising 1.94 2.2 V

IN UVLO Hysteresis 45 mV

VOUT ≤ 1.5V,

IOUT = 1mA to 80mA -2.5 +2.5

Output-Voltage Accuracy VIN = VOUT + 2V

VOUT > 1.5V,

IOUT = 1mA to 100mA -2.5 +2.5

Current Limit ILIM OUT = GND 105 150 mA

IOUT = 100µA 13 20

Ground Current IQIOUT = 100mA 23 µA

Dropout Voltage VIN - VOUT IOUT = 80mA, VOUT = 3.3V (Note 2) 0.035 0.1 V

Load Regulation ΔVOUT/ΔIOUT IOUT = 1mA to 80mA 0.1 mV/mA

VOUT < 1V,

2.5V < VIN < 5.5V 0.4

Line Regulation ΔVOUT/ΔVIN IOUT = 80mA

VOUT ≥ 1V, (VOUT +

1.5V) < VIN < 5.5V 1.8

mV/V

f = 100Hz 70

Power-Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR

IOUT = 10mA,

500mVP-P, VIN -

VOUT > 1.5V f = 100kHz 40

Note 1: Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specifications. For detailed information

on packaging thermal considerations, refer to www.maxim-ic.com/thermal-tutorial.

MAX16999

Ultra-Low Output Voltage, Low-Quiescent-Current

Linear Regulator for High-Temperature Applications

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3

Note 2: Limits are 100% production tested at TA= +25°C. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed by design.

Note 3: Dropout voltage is defined as VIN - VOUT when VOUT is 2% below its value for VIN = VOUT + 2V.

DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

(For devices with VOUT ≤1.5V, VIN = 3.3V. For devices with VOUT > 1.5V, VIN = 5V. EN = IN, TJ= -40°C to +125°C, CIN = 1µF, COUT

= 4.7µF, CCRES = 1000pF, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA= +25°C.) (Note 1)

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

Standby Current ISTB EN = GND 0.3 1 µA

Turn-On Delay From EN = high to VOUT = 100mV 10 µs

ENHCircuit active 70

Logic Levels ENLCircuit inactive 30 %VIN

Pullup Resistance REN-H VEN = 75% VIN 120 kΩ

Pulldown Resistance REN-L VEN = 25% VIN 120 kΩ

RESET

Threshold Accuracy VRES VOUT falling 79.5 82.5 85.5 %VOUT

Threshold Hysteresis VRES

HYST 2.5 %VOUT

RESET Open-Drain Leakage RESET = high impedance, VRESET = 5mV 200 nA

Output Low Voltage VRES,OL ILOAD = 250µA 100 mV

RESET T i m e o u t t R S OF F CRES = GND 30 80 m s

O u tp u t D eg l i t c h T i m e t D E GL I T C H VOUT < VRES 30 µs

C R ES

Charge Current ICRES,UP 81012µA

Discharge Current ICRES,DN 1mA

Threshold VCRES

THRS RESET goes from low to high impedance 575 600 625 mV

T H E R M A L P R O T E C T I O N

T h er m al - S h u td o w n Te m p er a tu r e T S H D N + 1 65 ° C

Thermal-Shutdown Hysteresis ΔT

S H D N 1 5 ° C

MAX16999

Ultra-Low Output Voltage, Low-Quiescent-Current

Linear Regulator for High-Temperature Applications

4 _______________________________________________________________________________________

Typical Operating Characteristics

(For devices with VOUT < 1.5V, VIN = 3.3V. For devices with VOUT > 1.5V, VIN = 5V. EN = IN, CIN = 1µF, COUT = 4.7µF, CCRES = 1000pF,

TA= + 25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

OUTPUT-VOLTAGE ACCURACY

vs. LOAD CURRENT

MAX16999 toc01

LOAD CURRENT (mA)

OUTPUT-VOLTAGE ACCURACY (%)

80604020

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

-0.5

0 100

VOUT = 0.5V

VOUT = 3.3V

VOUT = 1V

OUTPUT VOLTAGE

vs. INPUT VOLTAGE

MAX16999 toc02

INPUT VOLTAGE (V)

OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

5.04.54.03.53.0

0.995

0.996

0.997

0.998

0.999

1.000

1.001

1.002

1.003

1.004

0.994

2.5 5.5

IOUT = 0.1mA

IOUT = 50mA IOUT = 100mA

IOUT = 1mA

OUTPUT-VOLTAGE ACCURACY

vs. TEMPERATURE

MAX16999 toc03

TEMPERATURE (°C)

OUTPUT-VOLTAGE ACCURACY (%)

100500

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

-0.5

-50 150

IOUT = 0.1mA

IOUT = 50mA

IOUT = 100mA

IOUT = 1mA

VOUT = 1V

GROUND-PIN CURRENT

vs. LOAD CURRENT

MAX16999 toc04

LOAD CURRENT (mA)

GROUND-PIN CURRENT (μA)

806020 40

0100

VOUT = 0.5V

VOUT = 3.3V

VOUT = 1V

GROUND-PIN CURRENT

vs. INPUT VOLTAGE

MAX16999 toc05

INPUT VOLTAGE (V)

GROUND-PIN CURRENT (μA)

54321

IOUT = 0.1mA

IOUT = 50mA

IOUT = 100mA

IOUT = 1mA

VOUT = 0.5V

GROUND-PIN CURRENT

vs. TEMPERATURE

MAX16999 toc06

TEMPERATURE (°C)

GROUND-PIN CURRENT (μA)

1251007550250-25

-50 150

IOUT = 0.1mA

IOUT = 50mA

IOUT = 100mA

IOUT = 1mA

VOUT = 1V

CURRENT LIMIT

vs. INPUT VOLTAGE

MAX16999 toc07

INPUT VOLTAGE (V)

CURRENT LIMIT (mA)

5.04.53.0 3.5 4.0

135

140

145

150

155

160

165

170

130

2.5 5.5

DROPOUT VOLTAGE

vs. LOAD CURRENT

MAX16999 toc08

LOAD CURRENT (mA)

DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mA)

125100755025

100

0 150

VOUT = 3.3V

POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO

vs. FREQUENCY

MAX16999 toc09

FREQUENCY (kHz)

PSRR (dB)

100100.1 1

0.01 1000

VOUT = 0.5V, IOUT = 10mA

MAX16999

Ultra-Low Output Voltage, Low-Quiescent-Current

Linear Regulator for High-Temperature Applications

_______________________________________________________________________________________

LINE-TRANSIENT RESPONSE

MAX16999 toc10

200μs/div

VIN

VOUT

3.5V

100mV/div

AC-COUPLED

VOUT = 0.5V

LINE-TRANSIENT RESPONSE NEAR

DROPOUT

MAX16999 toc11

200μs/div

VIN

VOUT

0.6V

1.6V

200mV/div

AC-COUPLED

VOUT = 0.5V

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(For devices with VOUT < 1.5V, VIN = 3.3V. For devices with VOUT > 1.5V, VIN = 5V. EN = IN, CIN = 1µF, COUT = 4.7µF, CCRES = 1000pF,

TA= + 25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

SHUTDOWN RESPONSE

MAX16999 toc14

100μs/div

VEN

VOUT

VOUT = 1V, IOUT = 50mA

RESET/ENABLE RESPONSE

MAX16999 toc15

400μs/div

VEN

VOUT

VOUT = 1V, IOUT = 50mA, CCRES = 15,000pF

VRESET

LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE

MAX16999 toc12

200μs/div

IOUT

VOUT

50mA/div

100mV/div

AC-COUPLED

VOUT = 3.3V

LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE NEAR

DROPOUT

MAX16999 toc13

200μs/div

IOUT

VOUT

50mA/div

100mV/div

AC-COUPLED

VOUT = 3.3V, VIN = VOUT + 50mV

MAX16999

Ultra-Low Output Voltage, Low-Quiescent-Current

Linear Regulator for High-Temperature Applications

6 _______________________________________________________________________________________6 _______________________________________________________________________________________

Pin Description

PIN NAME FUNCTION

1, 2 OUT Regulator Output. Bypass OUT to GND with a 4.7µF ceramic capacitor. OUT becomes high impedance when

EN is low.

3 CRES POR Timer. Bypass CRES to GND with a ceramic capacitor to define POR timing (see the POR Timer section).

4RESET Open-Drain, Active-Low Reset Output. RESET is high impedance when output is in regulation or if the IC is in

shutdown. RESET is pulled low when VOUT drops below 82.5% (typ) of its nominal voltage.

5 GND Ground. Connect GND to a large circuit board ground plane and directly to the exposed paddle.

6EN

Active-High Enable Input. Drive EN low to place the regulator in standby mode. Drive EN high or connect to IN

for normal operation.

7, 8 IN Regulator Input. Bypass IN to GND with at least a 1µF ceramic capacitor.

—EP

Exposed Paddle. Connect EP to a large pad or circuit board ground plane to maximize power dissipation. EP

serves as a heatsink.

LINE/RESET RESPONSE

MAX16999 toc16

2ms/div

VIN

VOUT

2V/div

500mV/div

VOUT = 0.5V, IOUT = 50mA, CCRES = 15,000pF

VRESET

CRES PULLUP CURRENT

vs. TEMPERATURE

MAX16999 toc17

TEMPERATURE (°C)

CRES PULLUP CURRENT (μA)

12510050 750 25-25

-50 150

VOUT = 1V, CCRES = 15,000pF

RESET TIMEOUT

vs. CRES CAPACITANCE

MAX16999 toc18

CRES CAPACITANCE (nF)

RESET TIMEOUT (ms)

400300200100

0500

SHORT-CIRCUIT RESPONSE

MAX16999 toc19

200μs/div

VOUT

IOUT

VOUT = 3.3V

VRESET

Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)

(For devices with VOUT < 1.5V, VIN = 3.3V. For devices with VOUT > 1.5V, VIN = 5V. EN = IN, CIN = 1µF, COUT = 4.7µF, CCRES = 1000pF,

TA= + 25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

MAX16999

Ultra-Low Output Voltage, Low-Quiescent-Current

Linear Regulator for High-Temperature Applications

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7

ERROR

AMPLIFIER

REF

0.825 x V

REF

CRES,THRS

100kΩ

OUT

CRES

RESET

GND

MAX16999

POR

COMPARATOR

CRES

COMPARATOR

20μs

DEGLITCH

LOGIC

CONTROL

CRES,UP

(10μA)

CRES,DOWN

(10mA)

COUNTER

(100ms)

Figure 1. Block Diagram

Detailed Description

The MAX16999 is a low-quiescent-current linear regula-

tor designed for applications requiring high reliability,

such as automotive applications. This device can supply

loads up to 100mA and is available in factory-preset out-

put voltages from 0.5V to 3.3V (see the

Selector Guide

As illustrated in Figure 1, the MAX16999 linear regulator

consists of a reference, an error amplifier, a p-channel

MOSFET pass transistor, and an internal feedback volt-

age-divider. A power-on reset section signals if the out-

put voltage has come out of regulation. The reset signal

timeout is defined by the charging time of an external

capacitor attached to CRES.

To increase system reliability, the MAX16999 features a

POR reset timeout along with overcurrent and overtem-

perature protection. A power-on reset timeout guaran-

tees startup even with a faulty timing capacitor.

Parameters are guaranteed up to +125°C junction tem-

perature. The EN signal is latched in its last state even

if the signal line becomes disconnected.

Logic-Controlled Enable

The MAX16999 provides a logic-enable input (EN). For

normal operation drive EN to logic-high. When EN is

driven high, the linear regulator starts to regulate by

increasing the output voltage up to the preset value. To

disable the device, drive EN low to set OUT to high

impedance—this enables a pulldown current from

CRES to discharge the capacitor. Once the device is

disabled, the input supply current reduces to less than

0.3µA. The EN input is latched into its last state by a

120kΩinternal resistor. To change state, the latch

needs to be overridden. When EN is low, the RESET

output is high impedance.

POR Timer

Once the output voltage rises above the threshold VRES,

two internal timers are simultaneously activated. The

reset timer is realized by means of a pullup current

ICRES,UP that charges the capacitor connected to CRES.

As soon as the voltage on CRES rises above the thresh-

old of 600mV (typ), RESET goes high impedance.

The internal reset timer is set by the value of the exter-

nal capacitance (CCRES). Calculate the reset time

using the following formula:

where CCRES is in Farads and the delay to GND is

given in seconds.

The second timer is an internal fault timer and ensures

the regulator does not stay off indefinitely because of a

fault on CRES such as a short. The fault timer runs for a

maximum of 100ms. A logic block monitors both inter-

nal timers to determine the shortest timeout. If the first

timeout is the fault timer, the pullup current is switched

off in order to avoid unnecessary current consumption

and a resistive pulldown is also activated. If

tPOR_DELAY exceeds 100ms (typ) the fault timer defines

the timeout behavior.

Current Limit

Once the output voltage reaches regulation, the output

current is limited to 150mA (typ). If the output current

exceeds the current limit, the output voltage begins to

decrease.

Thermal-Overload Protection

Thermal-overload protection limits total power dissipa-

tion in the MAX16999. When the junction temperature

exceeds +165°C, a thermal sensor turns off the pass

transistor, allowing the IC to cool. The thermal sensor

turns the pass transistor on again after the junction tem-

perature cools by 15°C, resulting in a pulsed output

during continuous thermal-overload conditions.

Thermal-overload protection safeguards the MAX16999

in the event of fault conditions. For continuous opera-

tion, do not exceed the absolute maximum junction-

temperature rating of +150°C. Table 1 lists maximum

DC output currents (milliamps) that are allowed for

operation at TA= +125°C without causing thermal shut-

down of the MAX16999.

tCxx

POR DELAY CRES_ =60 103

MAX16999

Ultra-Low Output Voltage, Low-Quiescent-Current

Linear Regulator for High-Temperature Applications

8 _______________________________________________________________________________________

MAX16999

Ultra-Low Output Voltage, Low-Quiescent-Current

Linear Regulator for High-Temperature Applications

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 9

Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO)

Before the MAX16999 can operate, the input voltage

must exceed the UVLO threshold of 2.2V (max) with a

30mV hysteresis. If the input voltage is below the UVLO

threshold, OUT becomes high impedance and EN is

ignored regardless if it is driven high or low.

Applications Information

Capacitor Selection

Capacitors are required at the MAX16999 input and

output for stable operation over the full temperature

range and with load currents up to 100mA. Connect a

1µF ceramic capacitor between IN and GND and a

4.7µF ceramic capacitor between OUT and GND. The

input capacitor (CIN) lowers the source impedance of

the input supply. Use larger output capacitors to

reduce noise and improve stability and power-supply

rejection. The output capacitor’s equivalent series

resistance (ESR) affects stability and output noise. Use

output capacitors with an ESR of 30mΩor less to

ensure stability and optimize transient response.

Surface-mount ceramic capacitors have very low ESR

and are commonly available in values up to 10µF.

Connect CIN and COUT as close to the MAX16999 as

possible to minimize the impact of the PCB trace induc-

tance.

Using MAX16999 in Parallel

with Another Supply

The MAX16999 can be used in parallel with another

supply of equal voltage (see Figure 2). The circuit

shows a typical low-power solution for a µC.

4V TO 36V

3.3V, 1A LOW-IQ

INTERFACE SUPPLY

1.2V, 3A

CORE SUPPLY

TO μC

1.2V LOW-IQ

CORE BYPASS

MAX1745

MAX8693

MAX16999

Figure 2. Low-Quiescent µC Supply Solution

Table 1. Output Currents at TA= +125°C

SINGLE-LAYER BOARD MULTILAYER

BOARD

VOUT

(V) VIN = 3.3V

(mA)

VIN = 5V

(mA)

VIN = 5V

(mA)

0.5 92 57 72

0.6 95 59 73

0.7 99 60 75

0.8 100 61 77

0.9 100 63 79

1.0 100 64 81

1.1 100 66 83

1.2 100 68 85

1.5 100 74 92

1.8 100 81 100

2.5 100 100 100

3.3 100 100 100

MAX16999

Ultra-Low Output Voltage, Low-Quiescent-Current

Linear Regulator for High-Temperature Applications

Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are

implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.

____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600

Heaney

Chip Information

PROCESS: BiCMOS

Selector Guide

SUFFIX VOUT (V) TOP MARK

05* 0.5 APM

06 0.6 APN

07 0.7 APO

08 0.8 APP

09 0.9 APQ

10* 1.0 APR

11 1.1 APS

12 1.2 APT

13 1.3 APU

15 1.5 APV

18 1.8 APW

25 2.5 APX

33* 3.3 APY

Bold indicates a standard value. For other values, contact fac-

tory for availability. (Nonstandard options require a 5k mini-

mum quantity order).

Package Information

For the latest package outline information, go to

www.maxim-ic.com/packages.

PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE DOCUMENT NO.

8 µMAX-EP U8E+2 21-0107