PA10 _n: ayy APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION FEATURES GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT 4MHz TEMPERATURE RANGE -55 to +125C (PALOA) * EXCELLENT LINEARITY Class A/B Output * WIDE SUPPLY RANGE +10V to +50V HIGH OUTPUT CURRENT +5A Peak APPLICATIONS * MOTOR, VALVE AND ACTUATOR CONTROL MAGNETIC DEFLECTION CIRCUITS UP TO 4A POWER TRANSDUCERS UP TO 100kHz TEMPERATURE CONTROL UP TO 180W PROGRAMMABLE POWER SUPPLIES UP TO 90V AUDIO AMPLIFIERS UP TO 60W RMS DESCRIPTION The PA10 and PA10A are high voltage, high output current operational amplifiers designed to drive resistive, inductive and capacitive loads. Their complementary darlington emitter fol- lower output stages are protected against transient inductive kickback. For optimum linearity, the output stage is biased for class A/B operation. The safe operating area (SOA) can be observed for all operating conditions by selection of user programmable current limiting resistors. Both amplifiers are internally compensated for all gain settings. For continuous operation under load, a heatsink of proper rating is recom- mended. This hybrid integrated circuit utilizes thick film (cermet) resistors, ceramic capacitors and semiconductor chips to maxi- mize reliability, minimize size and give top performance. Ultra- sonically bonded aluminum wires provide reliable interconnec- tions at all operating temperatures. The 8-pin TO-3 package is hermetically sealed and electrically isolated. The use of com- pressible isolation washers voids the warranty. EQUIVALENT SCHEMATIC @ Oo Ab2 ai 3 Lo ne (4) + Al tT AD6 * APPLICATIONS HOTLINE 800 546-APEX (800-546-2739) TYPICAL APPLICATION R2A FIGURE 1. VOLTAGE-TO-CURRENT CONVERSION DC and low distortion AC current waveforms are delivered to a grounded load by using matched resistors (A and B sections) and taking advantage of the high common mode rejection of the PA10. Foldover current limit is used to modify current limits based onoutput voltage. When load resistance drops to 0, the current is limited based on output voltage. When load resistance drops to 0, the current limit is 0.79A resulting in an internal dissipation of 33.3 W. When output voitage increases to 36V, the current limit is 1.69A. Refer to Application Note 9 on foldover limiting for details. EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION TEL 1602) 690-8600 * FAX (602) 888-3329 - ORDERS (602) 690-8601 - TELEX 170631 + APEX F.S.C. (602) 690-8606 E55PA10 PA1OA eS OUNTE MASPECFICATIONS ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATI SUPPLY VOLTAGE, +Vz to -Vs 100V um NGS OUTPUT CURRENT, within SOA 5A POWER DISSIPATION, internal 67W INPUT VOLTAGE, differential +V,-3V INPUT VOLTAGE, common mode tV, TEMPERATURE, pin solder - 10s 300C TEMPERATURE, junction 200C. TEMPERATURE RANGE, storage -65 to +150C OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, case 55 to +125C SPECIFICATIONS PA10 PAI0A PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS? MIN TYP MAX | MIN TYP MAX | UNITS INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE, initial T, = 25C +2 +6 H +3 mV OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. temperature Full temperature range +10 +65 * +40 pvr OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. supply Ty = 25C +30 +200 * * v/v OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. power Ty = 25C +20 * pVW BIAS CURRENT, initial Ty = 25C 12 30 10 20 nA BIAS CURRENT, vs. temperature Full temperature range +50 +500 * * pArc BIAS CURRENT, vs. supply Ty = 25C 10 . pA/V OFFSET CURRENT, initial Ty = 26C +12 +30 +5 +10 nA OFFSET CURRENT, vs. temperature Full temperature range +50 * pArc INPUT IMPEDANCE, DC Ty = 26C 200 * MQ INPUT CAPACITANCE Ty = 25C 3 * pF COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE? | Full temperature range Ve-5 | +V_-3 * * V COMMON MODE REJECTION, DC? Full temp. range, Voy = +Vs -6V 74 100 * * dB GAIN OPEN LOOP GAIN at 10Hz Ty = 25C, 1KQ load 110 . dB OPEN LOOP GAIN at 10Hz Full temp. range, 15Q load 96 108 * * dB GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT @ 1MHz| T, = 25C, 159 load 4 . MHz POWER BANDWIDTH To = 25C, 152 load 10 15 * * kHz PHASE MARGIN Full temp. range, 15Q load 20 * OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING? Ty = 25C, lp = 5A tVe-8 | +V_-5 V5-6 * Vv VOLTAGE SWING$ Full temp. range, Io = 2A tVe-6 * V VOLTAGE SWING? Full temp. range, lo = 80mA +V,-5 * v CURRENT, peak To = 25C 5 * A SETTLING TIME to .1% T, = 26C, 2V step 2 * ys SLEW RATE Ty = 25C 2 3 * * Vis CAPACITIVE LOAD Full temperature range, A, = 1 .68 * nF CAPACITIVE LOAD Full temperature range, A, = 2.5 10 * nF CAPACITIVE LOAD Full temperature range, A, > 10 SOA * nF POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE Full temperature range +10 +40 +45 . +50 Vv CURRENT, quiescent To = 25C 8 15 30 * * * mA THERMAL RESISTANCE, AC, junction to case* T, =-55 to +125C, F > 60Hz 1.9 2.1 * * C RESISTANCE, DC, junction to case T, =55 to +125C 2.4 2.6 * * CIW RESISTANCE, junction to air T. = ~55 to +125C 30 * C/W TEMPERATURE RANGE, case Meets full range specifications 25 +85 ~55 +125 C NOTES: * The specification of PA10A is identical to the specification for PA10 in applicable column to the left. 1. Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will resuit in reduced product life. Derate internal power dissipation to achieve high MTTF. 2. The power supply voltage for all tests is +40, unless otherwise noted as a test condition. 3. +Vs and V, denote the positive and negative supply rail respectively. Total V, is measured from +V<. to Vs. 4. Rating applies if the output current alternates between both output transistors at a rate faster than 60Hz. eye The internal substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not break the seal. If accidentally broken, do not crush, machine, or subject to temperatures in excess of 850C to avoid generating toxic fumes. APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION = 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD * TUCSON. ARIZONA 85741 USA * APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) $46-2739 E56TYPICAL PERFORMANCE GRAPHS PA10 PA1OA POWER DERATING ~ Qa Tat - oD Qo Oo oO o PA10| PA10A ny wo oa T=T, INTERNAL POWER DISSIPATION, P(W) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 TEMPERATURE, T (C) SMALL SIGNAL RESPONSE nN o A (cB) a Q oO Oo OPEN LOOP GAIN, mp & @ So oOo 6 OQ 1+ 10 100 1K 10K .1M 1M 10M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) COMMON MODE REJECTION S120 CMR 2 oO 60 40 20 1K 1 A FREQUENCY, F (Hz) 1M COMMON MODE REJECTION, HARMONIC DISTORTION Ay =10 iL Vs =+38V R, =8Q RY a es 03 DISTORTION (%) a , & 01 g 003 100 300 1K 3K 10K 30K FREQUENCY, F (Hz) -1M NORMALIZED BIAS CURRENT, I, (X) N a ~ 1D oOo Pm ND = o N 4 -50 -25 0 BIAS CURRENT 26 50 75 100 125 CASE TEMPERATURE, Te (C) PHASE RESPONSE 10 0 10 100 1K 10K .1M 1M 10M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) PULSE RESPONSE 8 s6 Vy = 5V,t, =1 34 6 2 <= 50 8 --2 2 a4 2 0-6 -8 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 TIME, t (us) S QUIESCENT CURRENT 1.6 LE a 1.4 a x 7, 2-28 C 2 O 12 C a 2290 Wyo To tg 1, = BSC 2 8 a 7 2 125C ui 6 a z = 4 5 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Zz TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE, Vs (V) CURRENT LIMIT, ti, (A) CURRENT LIMIT 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 CASE TEMPERATURE, T< (C) POWER RESPONSE |+V5| + |-Vg{ = 100V 3 rd |4Vg| + {Ve | = 80V S ui < E al 8 |4Vg| + [-Vs| = 30V 2 2 a E > 3 46 10K 20K 30K 50K 70K 1M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) _ INPUT NOISE B10 =z 70 INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE, V,, VOLTAGE DROP FROM SUPPLY, (V)} 50 40 30 20 10 10 100 1K AM 10K FREQUENCY, F (Hz) OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING Za a =35,00 ee . ee Lo 3 a Xtc 3 aNo 90 28 2 Ac eG 5 a sXe Let tc 1 2 3 4 OUTPUT CURRENT, I, (A) APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION TEL (602) 690-8600 FAX (602) 888-3329 ORDERS (602) 690-8601 + TELEX 170631 + APEX F.S.C. (602) 690-8606 57PA10 PA1OA OPERATING GENERAL Please read the General Operating Considerations section, which covers stability, supplies, heatsinking, mounting, current limit, SOA interpretation, and specification interpretation. Addi- tional information can be found in the application notes. For information on the package outline, heatsinks, and mounting hardware, consult the Accessory and Package Mechanical Data section of the handbook. SAFE OPERATING AREA (SOA) The output stage of most power amplifiers has three distinct limitations: 1. The current handling capability of the transistor geometry and the wire bonds. 2. The second breakdown effect which occurs whenever the simultaneous collector current and collector-emitter voltage exceeds specified limits. 3. The junction temperature of the output transistors. 5.0 we 2 =~ ao N steady state wv wo 2 OUTPUT CURRENT FROM +Vs5 OR Vg (A) 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 50 60 7080 100 SUPPLY TO OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE Vz Vo (V) The SOA curves combine the effect of these limits. For a given application, the direction and magnitude of the output current should be calculated or measured and checked against the SOA curves. This is simple for resistive loads but more complex for reactive and EMF generating loads. However, the following guide- lines may save extensive analytical efforts. 1. Capacitive and dynamic* inductive loads up to the following maximum are safe with the current limits set as specified. CAPACITIVELOAD INDUCTIVE LOAD iV, lm=2A yy=5A gy = 2A = BA 50V 80uF 75uF 55mMH 7.5mH 40V 250uF 150 uF 150mH = 11mH 35V 500uF 250pF 200mH = 15mH 30V. 1,200uF = 500pF 250mH = 24mH 25V 4,000HF = 1,600uF = 400mH =. 38mH 20V. 20,000nF 5,000uF 1,500mH 75mH 15V 25,000uF 100mH If the inductive load is driven near steady state conditions, allowing the output voltage to drop more than 8V below the supply rail with |, = 5A or 20V below the supply rail with I, = 2A while the amplifier is current limiting, the inductor must be capacitively coupled or the current limit must be lowered to meet SOA criteria. **Second breakdown effect imposes no limitation but thermal limitations must still be observed. 2. The amplifier can handle any EMF generating or reactive load and short circuits to the supply rail or shorts to common if the current limits are set as follows at T, = 85C: CONSIDERATIONS SHORT TO +V, SHORT TO +V, C, L, OR EMF LOAD COMMON 50V .26A 184A 40V .38A 141A 35V 9A 1.2A 30V .B5A 1.4A 25V .B4A 1.7A 20V 141A 2.2A 15V 1.4A 2.9A These simplified limits may be exceeded with further analysis using the operat- ing conditions for a specific application. 3. The output stage is protected against transient flyback. How- ever, for protection against sustained, high energy flyback, external fast-recovery diodes should be used. CURRENT LIMITING To use standard current limiting, leave pin 7 open and proceed per General Operating Considerations section of the handbook, where initial setting and variation with temperature are described. Foldover action is described in detail in Application Note 9. For certain applications, foldover protection allows for increased output current as the output of the Power Op Amp swings close to the supply rail. This function can be achieved by connecting pin 7 directly or through a resistor to ground, and controlled by the following equation: .28V0 20 + Rro Ro. + .01 65 + (1) line = Where: ly is the current limit, in Amps, at a given output voltage Vo. Reo is the current foldover resistor pin 7 to ground in KQ. Rg, is the current limit resistor in Q. Vo is the instantaneous output voltage in V.* The basic equation assumes V, and the current carrying supply are of the same polarity. If these polarities differ, assign V. a negative value. **.019 = wire bond and pin resistance to Re, connections. PROCEDURE 1. Select Ro, to provide a safe current limit at Vo = 0: Rev (Q) = (65/4) .01 (2) 2. Find the current limit for the maximum output voltage swing and pin 7 connected to ground/common: .28V5 20 Ro, + .01 This is the highest current limit possible at maximum output. It may be decreased without affecting the short circuit current limit by putting a resistor in series with pin 7 to ground. 65 + (3) lume The following equation can be used to calculate R;p (KQ) using a lower current limit: 28V 5 Rep = " law (Re. + -01) .65 3. To calculate the current limit at any output voltage (V,), use equation one. If V, is of opposite polarity to the current carrying supply, assign V, a negative value and check the calculated current against the SOA graph. 20 (4) PAlOU REN. | SEPTEMBER 1993 E58 1993 Apex Microtechnology Comp