PQ48050QGA20PNS - SynQor, Inc.

Technical

echnical

Specification

pecification

PQ60025QGA25

Product # PQ60025QGA25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG625D Rev. B 6/26/02 Page 1

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PQ60025QGA25 Module

48V

48Vin

in 2.5V

2.5Vout

out 25Amp

25Amp 2000Vdc

2000Vdc Quar

Quarter-brick

ter-brick

Input

Input Output

Output Current

Current Isolation

Isolation DC/DC Conver

DC/DC Converter

ter

• Ultra-high efficiency, 86% at full rated load current

• Delivers up to 25 amps of output current with minimal

derating - no heatsink required

• Wide input voltage range: 35V – 75V with 100V

100ms input voltage transient capability

• Fixed frequency switching provides predictable EMI per-

formance

•No minimum load requirement means no preload resis-

tors required

Operational Features

• Input under-voltage lockout disables converter at low

input voltage conditions

• Output current limit and short circuit protection protects

converter and load from permanent damage and conse-

quent hazardous conditions

• Active back bias limit prevents damage to converter

from external load induced pre-bias

• Output over-voltage protection protects load from dam-

aging voltages

• Thermal shutdown protects converter from abnormal

environmental conditions

Protection Features

otection Features

• 2000V, 30 MΩinput-to-output isolation provides

input/output ground separation

• UL/cUL 60950 recognized (US & Canada), basic

insulation rating

•TUV certified to EN60950

• Meets 72/23/EEC and 93/68/EEC directives which

facilitates CE Marking in user’s end product

•Board and plastic components meet UL94V-0 flamma-

bility requirements

Safety Features

• Industry standard quarter-brick pin-out configuration

• Industry standard size: 1.45” x 2.3” (36.8x58.4mm)

•Total height less than 0.40” (10.2mm), permits better

airflow and smaller card pitch

•Total weight: 1.2 oz. (34 grams)

• Flanged pins designed to permit surface mount solder-

ing (avoid wave solder) using FPiP technique

Mechanical Features

• On/Off control referenced to input side (positive and

negative logic options are available)

• Remote sense for the output voltage compensates for

output distribution drops

• Output voltage trim permits custom voltages and volt-

age margining

Contr

Control Features

ol Features

Product # PQ60025QGA25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG625D Rev. B 6/26/02 Page 2

Input:

Output:

Current:

Package:

ackage:

35-75 V

2.5 V

25 A

Quarter-brick

Technical S

echnical S pecification

pecification

Pin No. Name Function

1 Vin(+) Positive input voltage

2ON/OFF TTL input to turn converter

on and off, referenced to

Vin(-), with internal pull up.

3 Vin(-) Negative input voltage

4 Vout(-) Negative output voltage

5SENSE(-) Negative remote sense1

6TRIM Output voltage trim2

7 SENSE(+) Positive remote sense3

8 Vout(+) Positive output voltage

Notes:

1. SENSE(-) may be connected to Vout(-) or left open.

2. Leave TRIM pin open for nominal output voltage.

3. SENSE(+) may be connected to Vout(+) or left open.

NOTES

1) Pins 1-3, 5-7 are 0.040” (1.02mm) diameter with

0.080” (2.03 mm) diameter standoff shoulders.

2) Pins 4 and 8 are 0.062” (1.57 mm) diameter with

0.100” (2.54 mm) diameter standoff shoulders.

3) Other pin extension lengths available. Recommended pin

length is 0.03” (0.76mm) greater than the PCB thickness.

4) All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy

Finish - Tin/Lead over Nickel plate

5) Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference

only.

6) All dimensions in inches (mm)

Tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/-0.5mm)

x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm)

7) Weight: 1.2 oz. (34 g) typical

8) Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610C Class II

UL/TUV standards require a clearance greater than 0.04”

(1.02mm) between input and output for Basic insulation. This issue

should be considered if any copper traces are on the top side of

the user’s board. Note that the ferrite cores are considered part of

the input/primary circuit.

10) The flanged pins are designed to permit surface mount

soldering (avoiding the wave soldering process) through

the use of the flanged pin-in-paste technique.

0.300

(7.62)

0.600

(15.24)

1.45

(36.8)

0.43

(10.9)

0.150

(3.81)

0.300

(7.62)

0.450

(11.43) 0.600

(15.24)

0.14

(3.6)

2.30

(58.4)

2.00

(50.8)

Top View

Side View

PIN DESIGNATIONS

MECHANICAL

DIAGRAM

Load Board

Bottom side

Clearance

See Note 9

Lowest

Component

0.047+/-0.015

(1.19+/-0.38)

0.145

(3.68)

See Note 3

Flanged Pin

See Note 10

Max. Height

0.40

(10.2)

Product # PQ60025QGA25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG625D Rev. B 6/26/02 Page 3

Input:

Output:

Current:

Package:

ackage:

35-75 V

2.5 V

25 A

Quarter-brick

Technical S

echnical S pecification

pecification

Parameter

Min. Typ. Max. Units Notes & Conditions

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

Input Voltage

Non-Operating 100 V continuous

Operating 80 V continuous

Operating Transient Protection

100 V 100 ms transient, square wave

Isolation Voltage (input to output) 2000 V Basic insulation, Pollution Degree 2

Operating Temperature -40 100

°C

Storage Temperature -55 125

°C

Voltage at ON/OFF input pin -2 18 V

INPUT CHARACTERISTICS

Operating Input Voltage Range 35 48 75 V

Input Under-Voltage Lockout

Turn-On Voltage Threshold 32 33 34 V

Turn-Off Voltage Threshold 28.5 29.5 30.5 V

Lockout Voltage Hysteresis 2.5 3.5 4.5 V

Maximum Input Current 2.0 A 100% Load, 35 Vin

No-Load Input Current 45 60 mA

Disabled Input Current 1.6 3 mA

Inrush Current Transient Rating 0.01 A2s

Response to Input Transient 150 mV 1000V/ms input transient

Input Reflected Ripple Current 4 mA P-P thru 10

µH inductor; Figures 13 & 15

Input Terminal Ripple Current 80 mA RMS

; Figures 13 & 14

Recommended Input Fuse 20 A fast blow external fuse recommended

Input Filter Component Values (L\C) 4.7\2.46

µH\µF internal values, see Figure E

Recommended External Input Capacitance 47

µF Typical ESR 0.1-0.2

Ω

, see Figure 13

OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS

Output Voltage Set Point 2.475 2.500 2.525 V

Output Voltage Regulation

Over Line +0.1 \ 2 +0.2 \ 5 %\mV

Over Load +0.1 \ 2 +0.2 \ 5 %\mV

Over Temperature +13 +38 mV

Total Output Voltage Range 2.427 2.573 Vover sample, line, load, temperature & life

Output Voltage Ripple and Noise120MHz bandwidth; Figures 13 & 16

Peak-to-Peak 50 100 mV Full Load, see Figures 13 & 16

RMS 10 20 mV Full Load, see Figures 13 & 16

Operating Output Current Range 025 ASubject to thermal derating; Figures 5-8

Output DC Current-Limit Inception 26 30 34 AOutput Voltage 10% Low; Figure 17

Output DC Current-Limit Shutdown Voltage 1.2 V

Back-Drive Current Limit while Enabled 0.5 1.0 2.0 A Negative current drawn from output

Back-Drive Current Limit while Disabled 0 10 50 mA Negative current drawn from output

Maximum Output Capacitance 25,000

µF

2.5Vout at 25A Resistive Load

DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS

Input Voltage Ripple Rejection 78 dB 120 Hz; Figure 20

Output Voltage During Load Current Transient

For a Step Change in Output Current (0.1A/µs) 190 mV 50% to 75% to 50% Iout max; Figure 11

For a Step Change in Output Current (5A/µs) 190 mV 50% to 75% to 50% Iout max; Figure 12

Settling Time 500 µs to within 1% Vout nom

Turn-On Transient

Turn-On Time 4 8 ms Full load, Vout=90% nom.; Figures 9 & 10

Start-Up Inhibit Time 180 200 240 ms

-40°C to +125°C; Figure F

Output Voltage Overshoot 0 % 10,000 µF load capacitance, Iout = 0A

EFFICIENCY

100% Load 86 % Figures 1 - 4

50% Load 88 % Figures 1 - 4

TEMPERATURE LIMITS FOR POWER DERATING CURVES

Semiconductor Junction Temperature 125 °C Package rated to 150°C

Board Temperature 125 °C UL rated max operating temp 130°C

Transformer Temperature 125 °C See Figures 5 - 8 for derating curves

ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS

Isolation Voltage (dielectric strength) 2000 V

Isolation Resistance 30 M

Ω

Isolation Capacitance

470 pF

PQ60025QGA25 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

TA=25°C, airflow rate=300 LFM, Vin=48Vdc unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40°C to +100°C ambient tem-

perature with appropriate power derating.

Specifications subject to change without notice.

Note 1: For applications requiring reduced output voltage ripple and noise, consult SynQor applications support (e-mail: support@synqor.com)

Note 2: Higher values of isolation capacitance can be added external to the module.

Product # PQ60025QGA25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG625D Rev. B 6/26/02 Page 4

Input:

Output:

Current:

Package:

ackage:

35-75 V

2.5 V

25 A

Quarter-brick

Technical S

echnical S pecification

pecification

Parameter

PMin. Typ. Max. Units Notes & Conditions

FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS

Switching Frequency 180 210 240 kHz Regulation stage and Isolation stage

ON/OFF Control (Option P)

Off-State Voltage -2 0.8 V

On-State Voltage 2.4 18 V

ON/OFF Control (Option N)

Off-State Voltage 2.4 18 V

On-State Voltage -2 0.8 V

ON/OFF Control (Either Option) Figures A, B

Pull-Up Voltage Vin/6.5 9.2 V

Pull-Up Resistance 40 k

Ω

Output Voltage Trim Range -20 +10 % Measured across Pins 8 & 4; Figure C

Output Voltage Remote Sense Range +10 % Measured across Pins 8 & 4

Output Over-Voltage Protection 117 122 127 % Over full temp range; % of nominal Vout

Over-Temperature Shutdown 125 °C Average PCB Temperature

Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis 10 °C

Load Current Scale Factor 500 See App Note: Output Load Current Calc.

RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS

Calculated MTBF (Telcordia) 2.8 106Hrs. TR-NWT-000332; 80% load,300LFM, 40oC Ta

Calculated MTBF (MIL-217) 1.8 106Hrs. MIL-HDBK-217F; 80% load, 300LFM, 40oC Ta

Field Demonstrated MTBF 106Hrs. see website for latest values

STANDARDS COMPLIANCE

Parameter

PNotes

STANDARDS COMPLIANCE

UL/cUL 60950 File # E194341, Basic insulation & pollution degree 2

EN60950 Certified by TUV

72/23/EEC

93/68/EEC

Needle Flame Test (IEC 695-2-2) test on entire assembly; board & plastic components UL94V-0 compliant

IEC 61000-4-2 ESD test, 8kV - NP, 15kV air - NP (Normal Performance)

GR-1089-CORE Section 7 - electrical safety, Section 9 - bonding/grounding

Telcordia (Bellcore) GR-513

•

An external input fuse must always be used to meet these safety requirements. Contact SynQor for official safety

certificates on new releases or download from the SynQor website.

QUALIFICATION TESTING

Parameter

P# Units Test Conditions

QUALIFICATION TESTING

Life Test 32 95% rated Vin and load, units at derating point, 1000 hours

Vibration 5 10-55Hz sweep, 0.060” total excursion,1 min./sweep, 120 sweeps for 3 axis

Mechanical Shock 5 100g minimum, 2 drops in x and y axis, 1 drop in z axis

Temperature Cycling 10 -40°C to 100°C, unit temp. ramp 15°C/min., 500 cycles

Power/Thermal Cycling 5 Toperating = min to max, Vin = min to max, full load, 100 cycles

Design Marginality 5Tmin-10°C to Tmax+10°C, 5°C steps, Vin = min to max, 0-105% load

Humidity 5 85°C, 85% RH, 1000 hours, 2 minutes on and 6 hours off

Solderability 15 pins MIL-STD-883, method 2003

•

Extensive characterization testing of all SynQor products and manufacturing processes is performed to ensure that we supply

robust, reliable product. Contact factory for official product family qualification document.

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Continued)

OPTIONS

SynQor provides various options for Logic Sense, Pin Length and

Feature Set for this family of DC/DC converters. Please consult the

last page of this specification sheet for information on available

options.

PATENTS

SynQor is protected under various patents, including but not lim-

ited to U.S. Patent #s 5,999,417; 6,222,742 B1; 6,594,159

B2; 6,545,890 B2.

Product # PQ60025QGA25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG625D Rev. B 6/26/02 Page 5

Input:

Output:

Current:

Package:

ackage:

35-75 V

2.5 V

25 A

Quarter-brick

Technical S

echnical S pecification

pecification

0 3 5 8 10131518202325

Load Curr ent (A)

Efficiency (%)

36 V in

48 Vin

75 Vin

Figure 1: Efficiency at nominal output voltage vs. load current for min-

imum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25

0100 200 300 400 500

Air Flow (LFM)

Efficiency (%)

25 C

40 C

55 C

Figure 2: Efficiency at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs.

airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25

C, 40

C, and 55

(nominal input voltage).

0 3 5 8 10 13 15 18 20 23 25

Load Current (A)

Power Dissipation (W)

36 Vin

48 Vin

75 Vin

Figure 3: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage vs. load current

for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

7.5

8.0

0 100 200 300 400 500

Air Flow (LFM)

Power Dissipation (W)

25 C

40 C

55 C

Figure 4: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage and 60% rated

power vs. airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25

C, 40

C, and

C (nominal input voltage).

025 40 55 70 85

Ambient Air Temperature (oC)

Iout (A)

400 LF M (2. 0 m/ s)

300 LF M (1. 5 m/ s)

200 LF M (1. 0 m/ s)

100 LFM (0. 5 m/s)

0 LFM (0 m/ s)

Figure 5: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air tem-

perature for airflow rates of 0 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing

across the converter from pin 3 to pin 1 (nominal input voltage).

Figure 6: Thermal plot of converter at 25 amp load current with 55

air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter

sideways from pin 3 to pin 1 (nominal input voltage).

Semiconductor junction temperature

is within 1

C of surface temperature

Product # PQ60025QGA25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG625D Rev. B 6/26/02 Page 6

Input:

Output:

Current:

Package:

ackage:

35-75 V

2.5 V

25 A

Quarter-brick

Technical S

echnical S pecification

pecification

0 25 40 55 70 85

A m bi e nt Air Tem per ature (oC)

Iout (A)

400 LFM (2. 0 m/s)

300 LF M (1. 5 m/ s)

200 LF M (1. 0 m/ s)

100 LFM (0. 5 m/s)

0 LFM (0 m /s)

Figure 7: Maximum output power-derating curves vs. ambient air tem-

perature for airflow rates of 0 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing

lengthwise from output to input (nominal input voltage).

Figure 8: Thermal plot of converter at 24 amp load current with 55

air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter

from output to input (nominal input voltage).

Figure 9: Turn-on transient at full load (resistive load) (2 ms/div).

Input voltage pre-applied. Ch 1: Vout (1V/div). Ch 2: ON/OFF input

(5V/div).

Figure 10: Turn-on transient at zero load (2 ms/div). Ch 1: Vout

(1V/div). Ch 2: ON/OFF input (5V/div).

Figure 11: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-

75%-50% of Iout(max); dI/dt = 0.1A/

s). Load cap: 10

F, 100 m

Ω

ESR tan-

talum cap and 1

F ceramic cap. Ch 1: Vout (100mV/div), Ch 2: Iout (5A/div).

Figure 12: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-

75%-50% of Iout(max): dI/dt = 5A/

s). Load cap: 470

F, 30 m

Ω

ESR tanta-

lum cap and 1

F ceramic cap. Ch 1: Vout (100mV/div), Ch 2: Iout (5A/div).

Semiconductor junction temperature

is within 1

C of surface temperature

Product # PQ60025QGA25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG625D Rev. B 6/26/02 Page 7

Input:

Output:

Current:

Package:

ackage:

35-75 V

2.5 V

25 A

Quarter-brick

Technical S

echnical S pecification

pecification

Figure 13: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points for Input

Terminal Ripple Current (Figure 14), Input Reflected Ripple Current

(Figure 15) and Output Voltage Ripple (Figure 16).

source

impedance

DC/DC

Converter

See Fig. 15

See Fig. 14

See Fig. 16

ceramic

capacitor

100m

Ω

ESR

tantalum

capacitor

Ω

ESR

electrolytic

capacitor

VSOURCE

iSiCVOUT

Figure 14: Input Terminal Ripple Current, ic, at full rated output cur-

rent and nominal input voltage with 10

H source impedance and 47

electrolytic capacitor (100 mA/div). See Figure 13.

Figure 15: Input reflected ripple current, is, through a 10

H source

inductor at nominal input voltage and rated load current (10 mA/div).

See Figure 13.

Figure 16: Output voltage ripple at nominal input voltage and rated

load current (20 mV/div). Load capacitance: 1

F ceramic capacitor

and 10

F tantalum capacitor. Bandwidth: 20 MHz. See Figure 13.

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

0510 15 20 25 30

Load Curr ent (A)

Output Voltage (V)

36 V

48 V

75 V

Figure 17: Output voltage vs. load current showing typical current limit

curves and converter shutdown points. Figure 18: Load current (20A/div) as a function of time when the con-

verter attempts to turn on into a 10 m

Ω

short circuit. Top trace

(2.5ms/div) is an expansion of the on-time portion of the bottom trace.

Product # PQ60025QGA25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG625D Rev. B 6/26/02 Page 8

Input:

Output:

Current:

Package:

ackage:

35-75 V

2.5 V

25 A

Quarter-brick

Technical S

echnical S pecification

pecification

0.0001

0.001

0.01

0.1

10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000

Output Impedance (

Ω

)

36 Vin

48 Vin

75 Vin

Figure 19: Magnitude of incremental output impedance (Zout =

vout/iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full

rated power.

-100

-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000

Forward Transmission (dB)

36 Vin

48 Vin

75 Vin

Figure 20: Magnitude of incremental forward transmission (FT =

vout/vin) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full

rated power.

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000

Reverse Transmission (dB)

36 V in

48 V in

75 V in

Figure 21: Magnitude of incremental reverse transmission (RT =

iin/iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated

power.

0.1

100

10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000

Input Impedance (

Ω

)

36 V in

48 V in

75 V in

Figure 22: Magnitude of incremental input impedance (Zin = vin/iin)

for minimum, nominal, and maximum input

voltage at full rated power.

Product # PQ60025QGA25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG625D Rev. B 6/26/02 Page 9

Input:

Output:

Current:

Package:

ackage:

35-75 V

2.5 V

25 A

Quarter-brick

Technical S

echnical S pecification

pecification

BASIC OPERATION AND FEATURES

The PowerQor series converter uses a two-stage power conver-

sion topology. The first stage is a buck-converter that keeps the

output voltage constant over variations in line, load, and temper-

ature. The second stage uses a transformer to provide the func-

tions of input/output isolation and voltage step-down to achieve

the low output voltage required.

Both the first stage and the second stage switch at a fixed fre-

quency for predictable EMI performance. Rectification of the

transformer’s output is accomplished with synchronous rectifiers.

These devices, which are MOSFETs with a very low on-state resis-

tance, dissipate far less energy than Schottky diodes. This is the

primary reason that the PowerQor converter has such high effi-

ciency, even at very low output voltages and very high output cur-

rents.

Dissipation throughout the converter is so low that it does not

require a heatsink for operation. Since a heatsink is not required,

the PowerQor converter does not need a metal baseplate or pot-

ting material to help conduct the dissipated energy to the

heatsink. The PowerQor converter can thus be built more simply

and reliably using high yield surface mount techniques on a PCB

substrate.

The PowerQor series of half-brick and quarter-brick converters

uses the industry standard footprint and pin-out configuration.

CONTROL FEATURES

REMOTE ON/OFF (Pin 2): The ON/OFF input, Pin 2, permits

the user to control when the converter is on or off. This input is

referenced to the return terminal of the input bus, Vin(-). There are

two versions of the converter that differ by the sense of the logic

used for the ON/OFF input.

In the positive logic version, the ON/OFF input is active high

(meaning that a high turns the converter on). In the negative logic

version, the ON/OFF signal is active low (meaning that a low

turns the converter on). Figure A details five possible circuits for

driving the ON/OFF pin. Figure B is a detailed look of the inter-

nal ON/OFF circuitry.

REMOTE SENSE(+) (Pins 7 and 5): The SENSE(+) inputs cor-

rect for voltage drops along the conductors that connect the con-

verter’s output pins to the load.

Pin 7 should be connected to Vout(+) and Pin 5 should be con-

nected to Vout(-) at the point on the board where regulation is

desired. A remote connection at the load can adjust for a voltage

drop only as large as that specified in this datasheet, that is

[Vout(+) - Vout(-)]– [Vsense(+) - Vsense(-)]<

Sense Range % x Vout

Pins 7 and 5 must be connected for proper regulation of the out-

put voltage. If these connections are not made, the converter will

deliver an output voltage that is slightly lower than its specified

value.

Note: the output over-voltage protection circuit senses the voltage

Open Collector Enable Circuit

Figure A: Various circuits for driving the ON/OFF pin. Figure B: Internal ON/OFF pin circuitry

Remote Enable Circuit

Direct Logic Drive

Negative Logic

(Permanently Enabled)

Positive Logic

(Permanently Enabled)

ON/OFF

Vin(_)

ON/OFF

Vin(_)

ON/OFF

TTL/

CMOS

Vin(_)

ON/OFF

Vin(_)

TTL

50k

274k

Vin(+)

ON/OFF

Vin(_)

50k

100pF

Product # PQ60025QGA25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG625D Rev. B 6/26/02 Page 10

Input:

Output:

Current:

Package:

ackage:

35-75 V

2.5 V

25 A

Quarter-brick

Technical S

echnical S pecification

pecification

across the output (pins 8 and 4) to determine when it should trig-

ger, not the voltage across the converter’s sense leads (pins 7

and 5). Therefore, the resistive drop on the board should be

small enough so that output OVP does not trigger, even during

load transients.

OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRIM (Pin 6): The TRIM input permits the

user to adjust the output voltage across the sense leads up or

down according to the trim range specifications.

To decrease the output voltage, the user should connect a resistor

between Pin 6 and Pin 5 (SENSE(-) input). For a desired decrease

of the nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor should be

Rtrim-down =

(

511

)

- 10.22 (kΩ)

∆%

where

∆% =Vnominal – Vdesired x100%

Vnominal

To increase the output voltage, the user should connect a resistor

between Pin 6 and Pin 7 (SENSE(+) input). For a desired increase

of the nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor should be

Figure C graphs the relationship between the trim resistor value

and Rtrim-up and Rtrim-down, showing the total range the output

voltage can be trimmed up or down.

Figure C: Trim Graph for 2.5Vout module

Note: the TRIM feature does not affect the voltage at which the

output over-voltage protection circuit is triggered. Trimming the

output voltage too high may cause the over-voltage protection cir-

cuit to engage, particularly during transients.

It is not necessary for the user to add capacitance at the Trim pin.

The node is internally bypassed to eliminate noise.

Total DC Variation of Vout: For the converter to meet its full

specifications, the maximum variation of the DC value of Vout,

due to both trimming and remote load voltage drops, should not

be greater than that specified for the output voltage trim range.

PROTECTION FEATURES

Input Under-Voltage Lockout: The converter is designed to

turn off when the input voltage is too low, helping avoid an input

system instability problem, described in more detail in the appli-

cation note titled “Input System Instability”. The lockout circuitry

is a comparator with DC hysteresis. When the input voltage is ris-

ing, it must exceed the typical Turn-On Voltage Threshold value

(listed on the specification page) before the converter will turn

on. Once the converter is on, the input voltage must fall below

the typical Turn-Off Voltage Threshold value before the converter

will turn off.

Output Current Limit: The maximum current limit remains con-

stant as the output voltage drops. However, once the impedance

of the short across the output is small enough to make the output

voltage drop below the specified Output DC Current-Limit

Shutdown Voltage, the converter turns off.

The converter then enters a “hiccup mode” where it repeatedly

turns on and off at a 5 Hz (nominal) frequency with a 5% duty

cycle until the short circuit condition is removed. This prevents

excessive heating of the converter or the load board.

Output Over-Voltage Limit: If the voltage across the output

pins exceeds the Output Over-Voltage Protection threshold, the

converter will immediately stop switching. This prevents damage

to the load circuit due to 1) excessive series resistance in output

current path from converter output pins to sense point, 2) a

release of a short-circuit condition, or 3) a release of a current

limit condition. Load capacitance determines exactly how high

the output voltage will rise in response to these conditions. After

200 ms the converter will automatically restart.

Over-Temperature Shutdown: A temperature sensor on the

converter senses the average temperature of the module. The

thermal shutdown circuit is designed to turn the converter off

when the temperature at the sensed location reaches the Over-

Temperature Shutdown value. It will allow the converter to turn on

again when the temperature of the sensed location falls by the

Rtrim-up

Ω)

)

where

VOUT = Nominal Output Voltage

= (

_511 _10.22

5.11VOUT(100+

∆%)

1.225∆%∆%

100

1,000

10,000

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

Trim Resistance (kOhms)

% inc rease Vout % decrease Vout

Product # PQ60025QGA25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG625D Rev. B 6/26/02 Page 11

Input:

Output:

Current:

Package:

ackage:

35-75 V

2.5 V

25 A

Quarter-brick

Technical S

echnical S pecification

pecification

amount of the Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis

value.

APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS

Input System Instability: This

condition can occur because

any DC/DC converter appears incrementally as a negative

resistance load. A detailed application note titled “Input

System Instability” is available on the SynQor web site

(www.synqor.com) which provides an understanding of why

this instability arises, and shows the preferred solution for cor-

recting it.

Application Circuits: Figure D below provides a typical cir-

cuit diagram which details the input filtering and voltage trim-

ming.

Input Filtering and External Capacitance: Figure E below

provides a diagram showing the internal input filter components.

This filter dramatically reduces input terminal ripple current,

which otherwise could exceed the rating of an external elec-

trolytic input capacitor. The recommended external input capac-

itance is specified in the “Input Characteristics” section. More

detailed information is available in the application note titled

“EMI Characteristics” on the SynQor website.

Vin

External

Input

Filter

Trim

Vin(+)

Iload

Cload

Vout(+)

Rtrim-up

Rtrim-down

Vsense(+)

ON/OFF

Vin(_)

Vin(+)

Vin(_)

Vout(_)

Vsense(_)

Electrolytic

Capacitor

47µF

Figure D: Typical application circuit (negative logic unit, permanently enabled).

Figure E: Internal Input Filter Diagram (component values listed on page 3).

Product # PQ60025QGA25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG625D Rev. B 6/26/02 Page 12

Input:

Output:

Current:

Package:

ackage:

35-75 V

2.5 V

25 A

Quarter-brick

Technical S

echnical S pecification

pecification

Startup Inhibit Period: The Startup Inhibit Period ensures that

the converter will remain off for approximately 200ms when it is

shut down for any reason. When an output short is present, this

generates a 5Hz "hiccup mode," which prevents the converter

from overheating. In all, there are seven ways that the converter

can be shut down, initiating a Startup Inhibit Period:

• Input Under-Voltage Lockout

• Input Over-Voltage Shutdown (not present in Quarter-brick)

• Output Over-Voltage Protection

• Over Temperature Shutdown

• Current Limit

• Short Circuit Protection

• Turned off by the ON/OFF input

Figure F shows three turn-on scenarios, where a Startup Inhibit

Period is initiated at t0, t1, and t2:

Before time t0, when the input voltage is below the UVL threshold,

the unit is disabled by the Input Under-Voltage Lockout feature.

When the input voltage rises above the UVL threshold, the Input

Under-Voltage Lockout is released, and a Startup Inhibit Period is

initiated. At the end of this delay, the ON/OFF pin is evaluated,

and since it is active, the unit turns on.

At time t1, the unit is disabled by the ON/OFF pin, and it cannot

be enabled again until the Startup Inhibit Period has elapsed.

When the ON/OFF pin goes high after t2, the Startup Inhibit

Period has elapsed, and the output turns on within the typical

Turn-On Time.

Under-Voltage

Lockout Turn-On

Threshold

ON/OFF

(pos logic)

Figure F: Startup Inhibit Period (turn-on time not to scale)

Vout

Vin

200ms 200ms

200ms

(typical start-up

inhibit period)

t0t1t2t

4ms (typical

turn on time)

ON ON ON

OFF OFF

Product # PQ60025QGA25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG625D Rev. B 6/26/02 Page 13

Input:

Output:

Current:

Package:

ackage:

35-75 V

2.5 V

25 A

Quarter-brick

Technical S

echnical S pecification

pecification

PART NUMBERING SYSTEM

The part numbering system for SynQor’s PowerQor DC/DC

converters follows the format shown in the example below.

The first 12 characters comprise the base part number and the

last 3 characters indicate available options. Although there

are no default values for enable logic and pin length, the most

common options are negative logic and 0.145” pins. These

part numbers are more likely to be readily available in stock

for evaluation and prototype quantities.

Application Notes

A variety of application notes and technical white papers can

be downloaded in pdf format at www.synqor.com.

ORDERING INFORMATION

The tables below show the valid model numbers and ordering

options for converters in this product family. When ordering

SynQor converters, please ensure that you use the complete

15 character part number consisting of the 12 character base

part number and the additional 3 characters for options.

PQ60 versions of the modules below indicate a unit with

100V for 100ms input voltage transient withstand (Telcordia

GR-513).

The following option choices must be included in place of the

x y z spaces in the model numbers listed above.

Warranty

SynQor offers a three (3) year limited warranty. Complete warranty

information is listed on our web site or is available upon request from

SynQor.

Information furnished by SynQor is believed to be accurate and reliable.

However, no responsibility is assumed by SynQor for its use, nor for any

infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result

from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any

patent or patent rights of SynQor.

Contact SynQor for further information:

Phone:978-849-0600

Toll Free: 888-567-9596

Fax:978-849-0602

E-mail:power@synqor.com

Web:www.synqor.com

Address:155 Swanson Road

Boxborough, MA 01719

Output Max Output

Voltage Current

PQ48015QGA25xyz 35 - 75 V 1.5 V 25 A

PQ48018QGA25xyz 35 - 75 V 1.8 V 25 A

PQ48020QGA25xyz 35 - 75 V 2.0 V 25 A

PQ48025QGA25xyz 35 - 75 V 2.5 V 25 A

PQ48033QGA25xyz 35 - 75 V 3.3 V 25 A

PQ48050QGA20xyz 35 - 75 V 5.0 V 20 A

PQ48060QGA17xyz 35 - 75 V 6.0 V 16.7 A

PQ48120QGA08xyz 35 - 75 V 12 V 8.3 A

PQ48150QGA07xyz 35 - 75 V 15 V 6.7 A

PQ60180QGA06xyz 35 - 75 V 18 V 5.6 A

Model Number

Input Voltage

Enable Pin Feature

Logic Length Set

P - Positive

N - Negative

K - 0.110"

N - 0.145"

R - 0.180"

Y - 0.250"

S - Standard

Options Description: x y z

PQ 60 025 Q G A 25 N K S

Product Family

Package Size

Performance Level

Thermal Design

Output Current

Options (see

Ordering Information)

Input Voltage

Output Voltage