ADL5511 Data Sheet
Rev. A | Page 20 of 28
For input frequencies in the 900 MHz range, there will still be
significant carrier content on the envelope output. With the
two filters providing a combined 6 dB roll-off at approximately
900 MHz and with the residual carrier at 1.8 GHz, carrier
filtering of approximately 18 dB can be expected (the two
single-pole filters provide a combined roll-off of 12 dB per
octave.
The internal filtering of the carrier in the envelope detection
path can be augmented by adding additional supply-referenced
capacitance to the FLT2 and FLT3 pins. The required capaci-
tance can be calculated using the following equations:
pF4.0
)400π2( 1−
Ω××
=
FLT2
FLT2
f
C
(6)
and
pF8.0
)250π2( 1−
Ω××
=
FLT3
FLT3 f
C
(7)
where fLT2 and fLT3 are the desired corner frequencies.
For example, to set the corner frequency to 200 MHz, CFLT2
and CFLT3 should be set to 1.6 pF and 2.4 pF, respectively.
The two corner frequencies should be set so that they are
approximately equal.
Care should be taken not to set the corner frequency of this
carrier suppression filter too low as it will start to degrade
envelope bandwidth. The ADL5511 has an envelope bandwidth
of 130 MHz. Thus, if the capacitors on FLT2 and FLT3 are so
big that the carrier-suppression corner frequency approaches
130 MHz, the carrier filtering effort will directly impact the
envelope bandwidth. Thus, the corner frequency should be set
low enough so that the RF carrier is adequately removed from
the envelope output while still maintaining the desired envelope
bandwidth. An alternative option would be to filter the carrier
at the VENV output using a higher order filter.
CHOOSING A VALUE FOR THE RMS AVERAGING
CAPACITOR (CFLT4)
CFLT4 provides the averaging function for the internal rms
computation, the result of which is available at the VRMS
output. As already noted, the on-chip rms filtering corner is
internally set by a 400 Ω resistor and a 20 pF capacitor, yielding a
corner frequency of approximately 20 MHz. For adequate rms
filtering, connect an external filter capacitor between FLT4
(Pin 14) and VPOS (Pin 15). This capacitance acts on the
internal 400 Ω resistor to yield a new corner frequency for the
rms filter given by the following equation:
pF20
)400π2( 1
4
−
Ω××
=
FLT
FLT4
f
C
(8)
For example, a supply-referenced 0.1 µF capacitor on FLT4
reduces the corner frequency of the rms averaging circuit to
approximately 4 kHz.
The size of the rms filtering capacitor has a direct impact on
the rms accuracy up to a point. For most accurate detection, the
rms filter corner should be low enough to filter out most of the
modulation content. This corresponds to a corner frequency
that is significantly less than the bandwidth of the signal being
measured.
Table 4 shows recommended minimum values of CFLT4 for
popular modulation schemes. Using smaller capacitor values
than these will result in rms measurement errors; using higher
values will not further improve rms accuracy but will reduce the
output noise on VRMS at the expense of increased rise and fall
times. In Table 4, rise and fall times are also shown along with
residual output noise.
The recommended minimum values for CFLT4 were experimen-
tally determined by starting out with a large capacitance value
on the FLT4 pin (for example, 10 µF). The value of VRMS was
noted for a fixed input power level (for example, 0 dBm). The
value of CFLT4 was then progressively reduced (this can be done
with press-down capacitors) until the value of VRMS started to
deviate from its original value (this indicates that the accuracy
of the rms computation is degrading and that CFLT4 is becoming
too small).
The recommended minimum value for CFLT4 is roughly
inversely proportional to the bandwidth of the input signal, that
is, wider bandwidth signals tend to require smaller minimum
filter capacitances. As already noted, the value of CFLT4 sets up
an internal low pass corner frequency, which filters the rms
voltage. As carrier bandwidth increases, a larger proportion
of the residual noise (which has been effectively mixed down
to baseband) is filtered away. This results in smaller capaci-
tances being required as carrier bandwidths increase.
Table 4. Recommended Minimum CFLT4 Values for Various Modulation Schemes (Pin = 0 dBm)
Modulation/Standard
PEP to RMS
Ratio
Signal
Bandwidth
CFLT 4
(Min) Output Noise Rise/Fall Time (10% to 90%)
W-CDMA, One-Carrier, TM1-64 9.83 dB 3.84 MHz 220 nF 98 mV p-p 82 µs/310 µs
W-CDMA Four-Carrier, TM1-64, TM1-32,
TM1-16, TM1-8
12.08 dB 18.84 MHz 100 nF 140 mV p-p 40 µs/140 µs
LTE Test Model E-TM1_1_4MHz 9.83 dB 4 MHz 220 nF 135 mV p-p 82 µs/310 µs
LTE Test Model E-TM1_1_10MHz
LTE Test Model E-TM1_1_20MHz 11.58 dB 20 MHz 47 nF 90 mV p-p 20 µs/70 µs