LM199,LM299,LM399
LM199/LM299/LM399 Precision Reference
Literature Number: SNVS751C
LM199/LM299/LM399
Precision Reference
General Description
The LM199 series are precision, temperature-stabilized
monolithic zeners offering temperature coefficients a factor
of ten better than high quality reference zeners. Constructed
on a single monolithic chip is a temperature stabilizer circuit
and an active reference zener. The active circuitry reduces
the dynamic impedance of the zener to about 0.5Ωand
allows the zener to operate over 0.5 mA to 10 mA current
range with essentially no change in voltage or temperature
coefficient. Further, a new subsurface zener structure gives
low noise and excellent long term stability compared to
ordinary monolithic zeners. The package is supplied with a
thermal shield to minimize heater power and improve tem-
perature regulation.
The LM199 series references are exceptionally easy to use
and free of the problems that are often experienced with
ordinary zeners. There is virtually no hysteresis in reference
voltage with temperature cycling. Also, the LM199 is free of
voltage shifts due to stress on the leads. Finally, since the
unit is temperature stabilized, warm up time is fast.
The LM199 can be used in almost any application in place of
ordinary zeners with improved performance. Some ideal
applications are analog to digital converters, calibration stan-
dards, precision voltage or current sources or precision
power supplies. Further in many cases the LM199 can re-
place references in existing equipment with a minimum of
wiring changes.
The LM199 series devices are packaged in a standard her-
metic TO-46 package inside a thermal shield. The LM199 is
rated for operation from −55˚C to +125˚C while the LM299 is
rated for operation from −25˚C to +85˚C and the LM399 is
rated from 0˚C to +70˚C.
Features
nGuaranteed 0.0001%/˚C temperature coefficient
nLow dynamic impedance — 0.5Ω
nInitial tolerance on breakdown voltage — 2%
nSharp breakdown at 400 µA
nWide operating current — 500 µA to 10 mA
nWide supply range for temperature stabilizer
nGuaranteed low noise
nLow power for stabilization — 300 mW at 25˚C
nProven reliability, low-stress packaging in TO-46
integrated-circuit hermetic package, for low hysteresis
after thermal cycling. 33 million hours MTBF at T
A
=
+25˚C (T
J
= +86˚C)
Connection Diagram
Metal Can Package (TO-46)
00571714
Top View
NS Package Number H04D
Ordering Information
Order Number Initial Tolerance Ambient Temperature Package Marking Transport Method NSC Package
LM199AH ±2% -50˚C to +125˚C LM199AH Box of 500 H04A
LM199AH/883 ±2% -50˚C to +125˚C LM199AH/Q Tray of 20 H04A
LM299H ±2% -25˚C to +85˚C LM299H Box of 500 H04A
LM399AH ±5% 0˚C to +70˚C LM399AH Box of 500 H04A
LM399H ±5% 0˚C to +70˚C LM399H Box of 500 H04A
April 2005
LM199/LM299/LM399 Precision Reference
© 2005 National Semiconductor Corporation DS005717 www.national.com
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
Specifications for Military/Aerospace products are not
contained in this datasheet. Refer to the following Reli-
ability Electrical Test Specifications documents:
MNLM199A-X and SMD#5962-88561 .
Temperature Stabilizer Voltage
LM199/LM299/LM399 40V
Reverse Breakdown Current 20 mA
Forward Current
LM199/LM299/LM399 1 mA
Reference to Substrate Voltage V
(RS)
(Note 2) 40V
−0.1V
Operating Temperature Range
LM199 −55˚C to +125˚C
LM299 −25˚C to +85˚C
LM399 −0˚C to +70˚C
Storage Temperature Range −55˚C to +150˚C
Soldering Information
TO-46 package (10 sec.) +300˚C
Electrical Characteristics (Notes 3, 6)
Parameter Conditions LM299H LM399H Units
Min Typ Max Min Typ Max
Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.5 mA ≤I
R
≤10 mA 6.8 6.95 7.1 6.6 6.95 7.3 V
Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.5 mA ≤I
R
≤10 mA 6 9 6 12 mV
Change with Current
Reverse Dynamic Impedance I
R
= 1 mA 0.5 1 0.5 1.5 Ω
Reverse Btreakdown
Temperature Coefficient
−25˚C≤T
A
≤85˚C LM299 0.00003 0.0001 %/˚C
0˚C≤T
A
≤+70˚C LM399 0.00003 0.0002 %/˚C
RMS Noise 10 Hz ≤f≤10 kHz 7 20 7 50 µV
Long Term Stability Stabilized, 22˚C≤T
A
≤28˚C, 20 20 ppm
1000 Hours, I
R
=1 mA±0.1%
Temperature Stabilizer T
A
=25˚C, Still Air, V
S
=30V 8.5 14 8.5 15 mA
Supply Current T
A
=− 55˚C 22 28
Temperature Stabilizer 9 40 9 40 V
Supply Voltage
Warm-Up Time to 0.05% V
S
= 30V, T
A
= 25˚C 3 3 sec.
Initial Turn-on Current 9≤V
S
≤40, T
A
=+25˚C, (Note 4) 140 200 140 200 mA
Electrical Characteristics (Notes 3, 6)
Parameter Conditions LM199AH LM399AH Units
Min Typ Max Min Typ Max
Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.5 mA ≤I
R
≤10 mA 6.8 6.95 7.1 6.6 6.95 7.3 V
Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.5 mA ≤I
R
≤10 mA 6 9 6 12 mV
Change with Current
Reverse Dynamic Impedance I
R
= 1 mA 0.5 1 0.5 1.5 Ω
Reverse Breakdown
Temperature Coefficient
−55˚C≤T
A
≤+85˚C LM199A 0.00002 0.00005 %/˚C
+85˚C≤T
A
≤+125˚C 0.0005 0.0010 %/˚C
0˚C≤T
A
≤+70˚C LM399A 0.00003 0.0001 %/˚C
RMS Noise 10 Hz ≤f≤10 kHz 7 20 7 50 µV
Long Term Stability Stabilized, 22˚C≤T
A
≤28˚C, 20 20 ppm
1000 Hours, I
R
=1 mA±0.1%
Temperature Stabilizer T
A
=25˚C, Still Air, V
S
=30V 8.5 14 8.5 15 mA
Supply Current T
A
=− 55˚C 22 28
Temperature Stabilizer 9 40 9 40 V
Supply Voltage
Warm-Up Time to 0.05% V
S
= 30V, T
A
= 25˚C 3 3 sec.
Initial Turn-on Current 9≤V
S
≤40, T
A
=+25˚C, (Note 4) 140 200 140 200 mA
LM199/LM299/LM399
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Electrical Characteristics (Notes 3, 6) (Continued)
Note 1: “Absolute Maximum Ratings” indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is
functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits.
Note 2: The substrate is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the temperature stabilizer. The voltage that can be applied to either terminal of the
reference is 40V more positive or 0.1V more negative than the substrate.
Note 3: These specifications apply for 30V applied to the temperature stabilizer and −55˚C≤TA≤+125˚C for the LM199; −25˚C≤TA≤+85˚C for the LM299 and
0˚C≤TA≤+70˚C for the LM399.
Note 4: This initial current can be reduced by adding an appropriate resistor and capacitor to the heater circuit. See the performance characteristic graphs to
determine values.
Note 5: Do not wash the LM199 with its polysulfone thermal shield in TCE.
Note 6: A military data sheet is available for the LM199AH/833 and LM199AH-SMD (SMD#5962-88561) upon request.
Functional Block Diagram
LM199/LM299/LM399
00571715
LM199/LM299/LM399
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Typical Performance Characteristics
Reverse Characteristics Reverse Voltage Change
00571719
00571720
Dynamic Impedance Zener Noise Voltage
00571721 00571722
Stabilization Time Heater Current
00571723 00571724
LM199/LM299/LM399
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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
Initial Heater Current Heater Current (To Limit This Surge, See Next Graph)
00571725 00571726
Heater Surge Limit Resistor vs Minimum Supply Voltage
at Various Minimum Temperatures Low Frequency Noise Voltage
00571727
*Heater must be bypassed witha2µForlarger tantalum capacitor if
resistors are used.
00571703
Response Time
00571707
LM199/LM299/LM399
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Typical Applications
Single Supply Operation
00571728
Split Supply Operation
00571729
Negative Heater Supply with
Positive Reference
00571730
Buffered Reference
With Single Sypply
00571731
Positive Current Source
00571732
LM199/LM299/LM399
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Typical Applications (Continued)
Standard Cell Replacement
00571733
Negative Current Source
00571734
Square Wave Voltage Reference
00571735
Portable Calibrator*
00571736
*Warm-up time 10 seconds; intermittent operation does not degrade long
term stability.
LM199/LM299/LM399
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Typical Applications (Continued)
14V Reference Precision Clamp*
00571737
00571738
*Clamp will sink 5 mA when input goes more positive than reference
0V to 20V Power Reference
00571739
Bipolar Output Reference
00571740
LM199/LM299/LM399
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Schematic Diagrams
Temperature Stabilizer
00571701
Reference
00571713
LM199/LM299/LM399
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Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters)
unless otherwise noted
NS Package H04D
National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves
the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.
For the most current product information visit us at www.national.com.
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LM199/LM299/LM399 Precision Reference
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