DC POWER SUPPLIES
A Greater Measure of Confidence
www.keithley.com
1.888.KEITHLEY (U.S. only)
A Tektronix Company
Series 2281S
Battery Simulator and
Precision DC Power Supply
The Series 2281S Battery Simulator and Precision DC Power Supply innovatively integrates battery
simulation with the functions of a high-precision power supply and battery testing. It’s able to analyze
the DC consumption of a device under test, test a battery, and generate a battery model based on bat-
tery charging process and simulate a battery based on the battery model. The 2281S-20-6 can output
up power to 20V and 6A and sink current up to 1A.
The 2281S uses linear regulation to ensure low-output noise and superior load current measurement
sensitivity. A high resolution color thin film transistor (TFT) screen displays a wide range of informa-
tion on measurements. Soft-key buttons and a navigation wheel combine with the TFT display to pro-
vide an easy-to-navigate user interface that accelerates instrument setup and operation. In addition,
built-in plotting functions allow monitoring trends such as drift. These features provide the flexibility
required for both benchtop and automated test system applications. In addition, the 2281S provides
a list mode, triggers, and other speed optimization functions to minimize test time in automated
testing applications.
Figure 1. Series 2281S startup screen.
Battery simulation based on a battery model
In the battery simulator function of the 2281S, real battery output performance can be simulated
based on a selected battery model. State of charge (SOC) and voltage open circuit (Voc) can be set to
any state to test the device under specific circum stance. There are two modes from which to choose:
Static: During the static simulation, Voc and SOC stay the same.
Dynamic: During the dynamic simulation, Voc and SOC change according to charging and
discharging as with a real battery.
Capacity can also be reduced to accelerate the charging and discharging process for better test
efficiency.
Simulate a battery’s output
during the charge and discharge
cycles
Create, edit, import, and export
battery models
Build a library of battery
models automatically based
on measurement results using
battery test mode
Display the real-time change
of the SOC, Voc, and Vt for the
simulated battery
Compute battery capacity in
Amp-Hour and Equivalent
Series Resistance (ESR)
Program the battery SOC, Voc,
capacity, and resistance
Provide two modes of
simulation–dynamic and static
Monitor charge/discharge
current and voltage
Output up to 120W of low
noise, linear regulated power
Monitor load currents from
100nA to 6A with high accuracy
Measure voltage and current
with 6½-digit resolution
Sink current up to 1A and
source current up to 6A
Built-in graphing simplifies
analyzing trends or displaying
voltage or current waveforms
High resolution TFT display
and soft-key/icon-based user
interface simplify power supply
operation
Digital I/O for direct
communication with other
devices and instruments
GPIB, USB, and LAN interfaces
Emulation of front panel display
and controls via your web
browser simplifies automated
control and monitoring
Figure 2. Battery simulator home screen.
Battery simulator and precision DC power supply
Battery simulator and precision DC power supply
DC POWER SUPPLIES
www.keithley.com
1.888.KEITHLEY (U.S. only)
A Greater Measure of Confidence A Tektronix Company
Figure 3. Graph of Voc, ESR, and SOC.
Determine SOC and ESR and create a battery model during battery testing
In the 2281S battery test function, charge/discharge test on a battery can be performed. Charging
current ranges from 0 to 6A, and the maximum discharging current is 1A. During the charging, the
sampling interval can be set for the internal 6½-digit multimeter to sample the charging current and
voltage continuously. In this way, the capacity of the battery and its internal resistance (ESR value) are
automatically computed.
After the test, a battery model can be generated based on the measurement result of the battery
charging process. A battery model can be edited, created, imported, or exported in a CSV file format.
Figure 4. Battery test display.
Figure 5. Battery model.
Ordering Information
2281S-20-6 Precision DC
Supply and Battery
Simulator, 20V, 6A
Accessories Supplied
Quick Start Guide
KickStart Quick Start Guide
User Documentation CD
LAN Crossover Cable
Power Cord
Rear Panel Mating
Connector with Cover
Series 2281S
Battery Simulator and
Precision DC Power Supply
ACCESSORIES AVAILABLE
2280-001 Rear Panel Mating Connector and Cover
2280-TEST-LEAD
Power Supply Test Lead Kit, 1000VA, 20A Rating
2450-TLINK Trigger Link Cable to connect 2281S Digital I/O to
Trigger Link I/O on other Keithley instruments
4299-8 Single Fixed Rack-Mount Kit
4299-9 Dual Fixed Rack-Mount Kit
4299-10 Dual Fixed Rack-Mount Kit for one 2U Graphical
Display Instrument and one Series 26xx
Instrument
4299-11 Dual Fixed Rack-Mount Kit for one 2U Graphical
Display Instrument and one Series 24xx, Series
2000, or 2U Agilent Instrument
CA-180-3A LAN crossover cable
7007-05 Double Shielded Premium IEEE-488 Interface
Cables, 0.5m (1.6 ft)
7007-1 Double Shielded Premium IEEE-488 Interface
Cables, 1m (3.2 ft)
7007-2 Double Shielded Premium IEEE-488 Interface
Cables, 2m (6.5 ft)
7007-3 Double Shielded Premium IEEE-488 Interface
Cables, 3m (10 ft)
7007-4 Double Shielded Premium IEEE-488 Interface
Cables, 4m (13 ft)
KPCI-488LPA IEEE-488.2 Interface Board for the PCI Bus
KUSB-488B IEEE-488.2 USB-GPIB Interface Adapter for USB
Port with 2m (6.6 ft) cable
USB-B-1 USB Cable Type A to B, 1 m (3.3 ft)
SERVICES AVAILABLE
2281S-20-6-EW 1 Additional Year of Factory Warranty
(total of 4 years)
2281S-20-6-3Y-STD 3 Calibrations within 3 Years of Purchase
2281S-20-6-3Y-DATA 3 (ANSI-Z540-1 compliant) Calibrations
within 3 Years of Purchase
2281S-20-6-3Y-17025 3 (ISO 17025 Accredited) Calibrations
within 3 Years of Purchase
2281S-20-6-5Y-STD 5 Calibrations Within 5 Years of Purchase
2281S-20-6-5Y-DATA 5 (ANSI-Z540-1 compliant) Calibrations
within 5 Years of Purchase
Battery simulator and precision DC power supply
Battery simulator and precision DC power supply
DC POWER SUPPLIES
A Greater Measure of Confidence
www.keithley.com
1.888.KEITHLEY (U.S. only)
A Tektronix Company
Series 2281S Battery Simulator and
Precision DC Power Supply
Easily view and control every parameter of
the battery test and simulation function
The bright, 4.3-inch TFT display shows voltage, current, and amp-hour
readings, source settings, and many additional settings in large, easy-to-
read characters. The icon-based main menu provides all the functions
users can control and program for fast access to source setup, measure-
ment setup, display formats, trigger options, and system settings. Menus
are short, and menu options are easy to find and are clearly described,
enabling test parameters to be setup quickly by using the navigation wheel,
keypad, or soft-keys. Many setup parameters, such as voltage and current
settings, can be entered directly from the home screen; less complex tests
don’t require access to the main menu to make adjustments - just use soft
keys on the home screen. Whether test requirements are simple or com-
plex, the Series 2281S supplies provide a simple way to set up all required
parameters.
Figure 6. Battery test menu.
Precision DC power supply, with DMM-quality
high resolution, low current measurements capability
Unlike conventional power supplies, Series 2281S supplies feature up to
120W, 20V, and 6A output and can also make measurements with up to 6½
digits of resolution. Voltage output measurements can be resolved down to
100µV. These supplies measure load currents from 100nA to amps. Four
load current measurement ranges (10A, 1A, 100mA, and 10mA) support
measuring a device’s full load current, standby mode current, and small
sleep mode current with DMM-quality accuracy. The high resolution allows
discerning small changes in load currents with confidence. It also makes
it possible to make a broad range of measurements or a single range with
excellent accuracy across both low and high current values.
Optimized performance for production test
Series 2281S are as powerful in a production test system as they are flexi-
ble on the R&D benchtop. They provide SCPI commands for all measure-
ment functions. In addition, several other features can help minimize test
time in automated systems. For example, an external trigger input allows
hardware synchronization and control by other instruments in the test sys-
tem. For the battery test and battery simulator function, the digital I/O can
be configured as input or output. If the digital I/O is configured as input,
the measurement can be triggered by external signals; if the digital I/O is
configured as output, the digital I/O pin will send out a signal when the
measurement is finished. Furthermore, to reduce measurement time, read-
ing speed can be increased by reducing the acquisition time from 16.6ms
(or 20ms) to 33µs (40µs).
A choice of front or rear panel terminals provides enhanced connection
flexibility. For maximum voltage accuracy, 4-wire remote sensing ensures
that the output voltage programmed is actually the level applied to the
load. In addition, the sense lines are monitored in order to detect any
breaks in them. These features ensure that any production problems can
be quickly identified and corrected. Series 2281S supplies can be con-
trolled via their built-in GPIB, USB, or LAN interfaces. The USB interface
is test and measurement system (TMC) compliant. The LXI Core com-
pliant LAN interface supports controlling and monitoring a Series 2281S
supply remotely, so test engineers can always access the power supply
and view measurements, even if located on a different continent than the
test systems.
Figure 7. 2281S rear panel.
Battery simulator and precision DC power supply
Battery simulator and precision DC power supply
DC POWER SUPPLIES
www.keithley.com
1.888.KEITHLEY (U.S. only)
A Greater Measure of Confidence A Tektronix Company
Series 2281S Battery Simulator and
Precision DC Power Supply
Specifications
23°C ±5°C with 1-hour instrument warm-up.
DC OUTPUT RATINGS
VOLTAGE: 0 to 20V.
CURRENT: 0 to 6A.
MAXIMUM POWER: 120W.
VOLTAGE 1
SOURCE SETTING
ACCURACY: ±(0.02% + 3mV).
RESOLUTION: 1mV.
MEASUREMENT
2
(0.5V over-range)
ACCURACY: ±(0.02% + 2 mV).
RESOLUTION: 0.1mV.
ADDITIONAL OFFSET AT FASTER MEASUREMENT SETTINGS
5½ (0.1 PLC): 0.21mV.
4½ (0.01 PLC): 1.44mV.
3½ (0.002 PLC): 7.60mV.
REGULATION
LOAD: ±(0.01% + 2mV).
LINE: ±(0.01% + 1mV).
OUTPUT RIPPLE AND NOISE
BANDWIDTH 20Hz–20MHz: <1mV RMS, <6mV p-p.
LOAD TRANSIENT RECOVERY TIME: Resistive load change 50% load to 100% load or 100%
load to 50% load: <50µs to within 15mV of V-set.
SLEW RATE: Rising Voltage and Falling Voltage: 10V/s to 100V/s. Up to 1000V/s under limited
conditions 3. 100V/s (default).
MAXIMUM SOURCE VOLTAGE DROP PER LEAD: To Maintain Specified Voltage Accuracy: 1V.
MAXIMUM SENSE HI AND SENSE LO LEAD RESISTANCE: To Maintain Specified Voltage
Accuracy: 2.
CURRENT
CURRENT LIMIT SETTING
FULL-SCALE AMPS: 6.1A.
ACCURACY: ±(0.05% + 5mA).
RESOLUTION: 0.1mA.
MEASUREMENT 4 (120% over-range except 10A)
Range Resolution
Accuracy
10 mA 10 nA ±(0.04% + 10 µA)
100 mA 100 nA ±(0.04% + 10 µA)
1 A 1 µA ±(0.04% + 250 µA)
10 A 10 µA ±(0.05% + 250 µA)
ADDITIONAL OFFSET AT FASTER MEASUREMENT SETTINGS 9
Measure Resolution
and (NPLC) Range
Resolution
5½ (0.1 PLC)
10 mA 5.0 µA
100 mA 20 µA
1 A 80 µA
10 A 2.0 mA
4½ (0.01 PLC)
10 mA 20 µA
100 mA 40 µA
1 A 500 µA
10 A 10 mA
3½ (0.002 PLC)
10 mA 30 µA
100 mA 250 µA
1 A 20 mA
10 A 75 mA
CURRENT PULSE MEASUREMENT 5
MINIMUM PULSE WIDTH (10mA and 100mA range) 6: 2ms.
MINIMUM PULSE WIDTH (1A AND 10A RANGE) 6: 140µs.
MINIMUM TIME TO CAPTURE TWO CONSECUTIVE PULSES: 0.5ms.
REGULATION
LOAD: ±(0.01% + 0.25 mA).
LINE: ±(0.01% ± 0.25 mA).
OUTPUT RIPPLE AND NOISE
BANDWIDTH 20Hz–20MHz: <3mA RMS.
MAXIMUM CONTINUOUS AVERAGE SINK CURRENT
NON-PROGRAMMABLE: 1.02A ± 0.1A (typical).
Series 2281S specifications
Battery simulator and precision DC power supply
DC POWER SUPPLIES
A Greater Measure of Confidence
www.keithley.com
1.888.KEITHLEY (U.S. only)
A Tektronix Company
Series 2281S Battery Simulator and
Precision DC Power Supply
SYSTEM MEASUREMENT SPEEDS
Settings Concurrent ( V+I )
Readings/s Measure Resolution
and (NPLC)
Autozero
On
60 Hz (50 Hz)
Autozero
OFF
60 Hz (50 Hz)
‘Read?’ with BUS Transfer
6½ (5 PLC) 2.0 (1.5) 5.4 (4.5)
6½ (1 PLC) 9.0 (8.0) 20 (18)
5½ (0.1 PLC) 48 (38) 50 (48)
‘*TRG and TRACe:DATa?’ with
BUS Transfer
4½ (0.01 PLC) 7 680 (646)
3½ (0.002 PLC) 7 845 (833)
OTHER TIMING DATA
CV TO CC TRANSITION TIME (V-Set = 5V, I-limit = 0.5A, Resistive Load change 25 to
2.5): 2.4ms.
CC TO CV TRANSITION TIME (V-Set = 5V, I-limit = 0.5A, Resistive Load change 2.5 to
25): 1.1ms.
FUNCTION CHANGE (from detection of bus command to function change completed):
10ms (typical).
OUTPUT OFF/ON (from detection of bus command to voltage beginning to decrease):
5ms (typical).
REVERSE LEADS ACTUATION: >1.5ms.
PROTECTION
OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION (OVP)
SETTING ACCURACY: ±(0.25% + 0.25V).
RESOLUTION: 125mV.
RESPONSE TIME: <1.5ms.
OVERCURRENT PROTECTION (OCP)
SETTING ACCURACY: ±(0.25% + 0.10A).
RESOLUTION: 25mA.
RESPONSE TIME: <1.5ms.
OVERTEMPERATURE PROTECTION (OTP)
OUTPUT TURN-OFF TEMPERATURE: >93°C (typical).
RESPONSE TIME: <1.5 ms (typical)8.
NOTES
1. Specifications based on using remote sense connections. For 2-wire connections, add an offset of 0.5mV/A
(front terminals).
2. -digit resolution, 1 PLC reading rate, Filter on, Autozero on.
3. 100V/s to 1000V/s slew rate is limited to 5V changes at a maximum of 3A for the 2281S-20-6 supply.
4. -digit resolution, 1 PLC reading rate, filter on, autozero on.
5. Settings: Autozero off, 0.002 PLC, Arm Source:external, Trigger Source:Immediate.
6. Time includes trigger detection, latency plus jitter of start of measurement, and measurement integration time,
0.002 PLC.
7. Settings:Autozero Off, Output On, Output Delay Off, Fixed Source:Voltage.
8. Settings: Autozero Off, Output On, Output Delay Off, Fixed Source:Voltage, Arm or Measure count 1000.
Series 2280S Accessories
Model 2280-001: Rear Panel Mounting Connector and Cover
(assembled view on the left, and connector and top and bottom cover
shown separately on the right)
Model 2280-TEST-LEAD: Power Supply Test Lead Kit, 1000V, 20A Rating:
Contains 122cm (4ft) of cable, spade lug adapters, and alligator clips
Series 2281S specifications
Series 2281S specifications
DC POWER SUPPLIES
Series 2281S Battery Simulator and
Precision DC Power Supply
GENERAL
COMMON MODE CURRENT: < 6µA peak-peak (typical).
CHASSIS ISOLATION: ±240V, any terminal to chassis. >1G in parallel
with <6.8nF.
TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT: Add the following to all accuracy specifications when
outside the range, 23°C ±5°C: (0.15 × specification)/°C for 0° to 18°C and 28° to 40°C.
MEASUREMENT DISPLAY MODES: Voltage and current, voltage only, current only.
MEASUREMENT ACQUISITION CONTROL: Continuous, manual, external digital input,
PC bus.
LIST MODE: Maximum number of stored lists: 9.
Number of points in a list: 2–99.
List Storage Location: Internal memory or USB memory stick.
MATH AND FILTER FUNCTIONS:
REL: Removes offset from current reading display, Range: –1×106 to +1×10 6.
Mx+b: Reading = x, M = –1×106 to +1×10 6, b = –1×106 to +1×106.
Filter: Moving average, Count: 2–100, Window: 0.01% to 100%.
MEMORY BUFFER:
2500 locations; each location contains: Voltage measurement, current measurement,
CV/CC Mode, and time stamp.
9 memory slot for saving battery model.
NVRAM.
DISPLAY: 4.3 in. front panel color display, resolution: 480 pixels × 272 pixels.
Display Modes:
Real time voltage and current readings and settings.
Plots of stored data: Voltage vs. data point, current vs. data point, voltage and
current vs. data point, 100 point resolution.
Plots can also display statistics: mean, maximum, minimum, peak-peak,
standard deviation.
Table of stored data: Time/date, voltage, current.
Soft button and navigation wheel control.
COMMUNICATIONS:
GPIB: IEEE-488.2 compliant and status model topology.
LAN: RJ-45 connector, 10/100BT, Auto MDIX.
IP Configuration: Static or DHCP.
LXI Core 2011, version 1.4,
USB: USB2.0 device (rear panel, type B), USBTMC compliant.
USB2.0 host (front panel, type A), full speed, support U-disk drives.
INPUT CONNECTIONS:
Front: (2-wire). Adjustable supporting, safety shrouded banana, spade lug, or wire.
Rear: (4-wire sense). 6-pin removal screw terminal, safety shrouded cover, removable
local sense jumpers.
REAL-TIME CLOCK: Capacitive charged, 20 days between next power on cycle at 23°C
and 50%RH.
DIGITAL I/O: 9-pin female D-sub. 6 Input/Output pins.
Input Signal Levels:
0.7V (maximum logic low).
3.7V (minimum logic high).
Input Voltage Limits:
0.25V (Absolute minimum).
+5.25V (Absolute maximum).
Maximum Source Current: +2.0mA@ >2.7V (per pin).
Maximum Sink Current: –50mA @ 0.7V (per pin, solid-state fuse protected).
5V power supply, limited to 0.5A @ >4V (solid-state fuse protected).
Trig In minimum pulse s, Logic Low pulse.
Meter Ready Pulse, 15–3s, Logic Low Pulse.
EMC: Conforms to European Union EMC directive.
SAFETY:
U.S. NRTL Listing: UL61010-1 3rd ed 2012.
Canadian Certification: CAN/CSA C22.2 No. 61010-1 3rd ed 2012.
European Union Compliance: Low Voltage Directive, EN/IEC 61010-1 3rd ed 2010.
COOLING: Forced air, side intake, and rear exhaust.
POWER SUPPLY: 100V/120V/220V/240V ±10%.
POWER LINE FREQUENCY: 50/60Hz ±3Hz, automatically sensed at power-on.
POWER CONSUMPTION: 630VA peak.
OPERATING ENVIRONMENT: 0° to 40°C, 80% RH up to 35°C, non-condensing.
Altitude: up to 2000 meters.
STORAGE ENVIRONMENT: –25° to 70°C.
LXI WEB BROWSER COMPATIBLE OPERATING SYSTEM AND SOFTWARE: Windows 2000,
Win 7, and XP compatible, supports Web browsers with Java plug-in (requires Java plug-in 1.7 or
higher). Web page served by Model 2281S.
RACK DIMENSIONS: (D), without boot: 213.8 × 88.4 × 383.3mm (8.42 × 3.48 × 15.1 in.).
BENCH DIMENSIONS: (W×H×D) with boot: 255.3 × 107.2 × 415.0mm (10.1 × 4.22 × 16.34 in.)
SHIPPING WEIGHT: 13.29kg (29.3 lbs.).
NET WEIGHT: 10.85kg (23.9 lbs.).
WARR ANTY: 3 years.
Specifications are subject to change without notice. All Keithley trademarks and trade names are the property of Keithley Instruments.
All other trademarks and trade names are the property of their respective companies.
KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS 28775 AURORA RD. CLEVELAND, OH 44139-1891 440-248-0400 Fax: 440-248-6168 1-888-KEITHLEY www.keithley.com
A Greater Measure of Confidence
BENELUX
+31-40-267-5506
www.keithley.nl
BRAZIL
55-11-4058-0229
www.keithley.com
CHINA
86-10-8447-5556
www.keithley.com.cn
FRANCE
+33-01-69-86-83-60
www.keithley.fr
GERMANY
+49-89-84-93-07-40
www.keithley.de
INDIA
080-30792600
www.keithley.in
ITALY
+39-049-762-3950
www.keithley.it
JAPAN
81-120-441-046
www.keithley.jp
KOREA
82-2-6917-5000
www.keithley.co.kr
MALAYSIA
60-4-643-9679
www.keithley.com
MEXICO
52-55-5424-7907
www.keithley.com
RUSSIA
+7-495-664-7564
www.keithley.ru
SINGAPORE
01-800-8255-2835
www.keithley.com.sg
TAIWAN
886-3-572-9077
www.keithley.com.tw
UNITED KINGDOM
+44-1344-39-2450
www.keithley.co.uk
For further information on how to purchase or to locate a sales partner please visit www.keithley.com/buy
© Copyright 2015 Keithley Instruments Printed in the U.S.A No. 1KW-60206-0 9.3.15
Series 2281S specifications
Series 2281S specifications
Mouser Electronics
Authorized Distributor
Click to View Pricing, Inventory, Delivery & Lifecycle Information:
Tektronix:
2281S-20-6