ADVANCED LINEAR DEVICES, INC. ALD1701A/ALD1701B ALD1701/ALD1701G MICROPOWER RAIL-TO-RAIL CMOS OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER GENERAL DESCRIPTION FEATURES The ALD1701 is a monolithic CMOS micropower high slew rate operational amplifier intended for a broad range of analog applications using 1V to 6V dual power supply systems, as well as +2V to +12V battery operated systems. All device characteristics are specified for +5V single supply or 2.5V dual supply systems. Supply current is 250A maximum at 5V supply voltage. It is manufactured with Advanced Linear Devices' enhanced ACMOS silicon gate CMOS process. * All parameters specified for +5V single supply or 2.5V dual supply systems * Rail to rail input and output voltage ranges * No frequency compensation required -unity gain stable * Extremely low input bias currents -1.0pA typical (30pA max.) * Ideal for high source impedance applications * Dual power supply 1.0V to 6.0V operation * Single power supply +2V to +12V operation * High voltage gain -- typically 100V/mV @ 2.5V(100dB) * Drive as low as 10K load * Output short circuit protected * Unity gain bandwidth of 0.7MHz * Slew rate of 0.7V/s * Low power dissipation The ALD1701 is designed to offer a trade-off of performance parameters providing a wide range of desired specifications. It offers the popular industry standard pin configuration of A741 and ICL7611 types. The ALD1701 has been developed specifically for the +5V single supply or 1V to 6V dual supply user. Several important characteristics of the device make application easier to implement at those voltages. First, the operational amplifier can operate with rail to rail input and output voltages. This means the signal input voltage and output voltage can be equal to the positive and negative supply voltages. This feature allows numerous analog serial stages and flexibility in input signal bias levels. Secondly, the device was designed to accommodate mixed applications where digital and analog circuits may operate off the same power supply or battery. Thirdly, the output stage can typically drive up to 50pF capacitive and 10K resistive loads. These features, combined with extremely low input currents, high open loop voltage gain of 100V/mV, useful bandwidth of 700KHz, a slew rate of 0.7V/s, low power dissipation of 0.5mW, low offset voltage and temperature drift, make the ALD1701 a versatile, micropower operational amplifier. The ALD1701, designed and fabricated with silicon gate CMOS technology, offers 1pA typical input bias current. On chip offset voltage trimming allows the device to be used without nulling in most applications. APPLICATIONS * * * * * * * * * * * * * Voltage amplifier Voltage follower/buffer Charge integrator Photodiode amplifier Data acquisition systems High performance portable instruments Signal conditioning circuits Sensor and transducer amplifiers Low leakage amplifiers Active filters Sample/Hold amplifier Picoammeter Current to voltage converter PIN CONFIGURATION ORDERING INFORMATION -55C to +125C Operating Temperature Range 0C to +70C 0C to +70C 8-Pin CERDIP Package 8-Pin Small Outline Package (SOIC) 8-Pin Plastic Dip Package ALD1701A DA ALD1701B DA ALD1701 DA ALD1701G DA ALD1701A SA ALD1701B SA ALD1701 SA ALD1701G SA ALD1701A PA ALD1701B PA ALD1701 PA ALD1701G PA 8 N/C 7 V+ 3 6 OUT 4 5 N/C N/C 1 -IN 2 +IN V- 2 TOP VIEW DA, PA, SA PACKAGE * N/C Pin is internally connected. Do not connect externally. * Contact factory for industrial temperature range (c) 1998 Advanced Linear Devices, Inc. 415 Tasman Drive, Sunnyvale, California 94089 -1706 Tel: (408) 747-1155 Fax: (408) 747-1286 http://www.aldinc.com ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Supply voltage, V+ Differential input voltage range Power dissipation Operating temperature range PA, SA package DA package Storage temperature range Lead temperature, 10 seconds 13.2V -0.3V to V+ +0.3V 600 mW 0C to +70C -55C to +125C -65C to +150C +260C OPERATING ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TA = 25 C VS = 2.5V unless otherwise specified Parameter Symbol Min 1701A Typ Max Min 1701B Typ Max Min 1.0 2.0 6.0 12.0 1.0 2.0 6.0 12.0 1.0 2.0 1701 Typ Max 6.0 12.0 Min 1.0 2.0 Supply Voltage VS V+ Input Offset Voltage VOS Input Offset Current IOS 1.0 25 240 1.0 25 240 1.0 25 240 Input Bias Current IB 1.0 30 300 1.0 30 300 1.0 30 300 Input Voltage Range VIR Input Resistance RIN Input Offset Voltage Drift TCVOS Power Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR 70 70 80 80 65 65 80 80 65 65 80 80 60 60 Common Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR 70 70 83 83 65 65 83 83 65 65 83 83 Large Signal Voltage Gain AV 40 100 1000 32 100 1000 32 100 1000 0.9 1.7 -0.3 -2.8 5.3 2.8 30 450 pA pA TA = 25C 0C TA +70C 1.0 50 600 pA pA TA = 25C 0C TA +70C -0.3 -2.8 5.3 2.8 5.3 2.8 V V V+ = +5V VS = 2.5V -0.3 -2.8 7 20 VO high 2.40 2.48 ALD1701A/ALD1701B ALD1701/ALD1701G 1.0 7 -2.48 PD RS 100K 0C TA +70C 7 VO high 4.99 VO low Power Dissipation mV mV 7 Voltage IS 10.0 11.0 4.5 5.3 10 12 0.001 Supply Current Dual Supply Single Supply 10 12 VO low ISC 5.3 2.8 0.01 4.999 120 0.001 4.99 -2.40 0.01 4.999 -2.48 2.40 1 20 4.99 -2.40 2.48 1 250 1.25 120 RS 100K 80 80 dB dB R S 100K 0C TA +70C 60 60 83 83 dB dB R S 100K 0C TA +70C 20 80 1000 V/ mV V/ mV V/ mV RL = 100K RL 1M RL = 100K 0C TA +70C 0.01 V RL =1M V+ = +5V V -2.40 V 0C TA +70C RL =100K V 0C TA +70C 4.99 4.999 2.48 120 1.25 Advanced Linear Devices 0.001 -2.40 -2.48 2.40 1 250 V/C 0.01 4.999 -2.48 2.40 10 0.001 2.48 1 250 1.25 Test Conditions V 10 12 Output Output Short Circuit Current -0.3 -2.8 Unit 6.0 12.0 1012 20 Range 2.0 2.8 1701G Typ Max 120 mA 300 A VIN = 0V No Load 1.50 mW VS = 2.5V 2 OPERATING ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (cont'd) T A = 25C VS = 2.5V unless otherwise specified Parameter Symbol Min 1701A Typ Max Min 1701B Typ Max Input Capacitance CIN 1 Bandwidth BW 400 700 400 700 Slew Rate SR 0.33 0.7 0.33 0.7 Rise time tr Overshoot Min 1 1701 Typ Max Min 1701G Typ Max Unit 1 1 pF 400 700 700 KHz 0.33 0.7 0.7 V/s AV = +1 RL = 100K RL = 100K 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 s 20 20 20 20 % RL =100K Factor Settling Time Test Conditions CL = 50pF ts 10.0 10.0 10.0 s 10.0 0.1% A V = -1RL=100K CL = 50pF TA = 25C VS = 5.0V unless otherwise specified Min 1701A Typ Max Min 1701B Typ Max Min 1701 Typ Unit Test Conditions 83 dB RS 100K 83 83 dB RS 100K 250 250 V/mV RL =100K -4.98 -4.90 4.98 V V RL =100K Parameter Symbol Power Supply PSRR 83 83 83 CMRR 83 83 250 250 Max Min 1701G Typ Max Rejection Ratio Common Mode Rejection Ratio Large Signal Voltage Gain AV Output Voltage Range VO low VO high Bandwidth BW 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 MHz Slew Rate SR 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 V/s 4.90 -4.98 4.98 -4.90 4.90 -4.98 4.98 -4.90 4.90 -4.98 4.98 -4.90 4.90 AV = +1 CL = 50pF VS = 2.5V -55C TA +125C unless otherwise specified 1701B DA Min Typ 1701 DA Max Min Typ Test Parameter Symbol Max Unit Conditions Input Offset Voltage VOS 3.0 6.5 mV Input Offset Current IOS 8.0 8.0 nA Input Bias Current IB 10.0 10.0 nA Power Supply PSRR 60 75 60 75 dB RS 100K Common Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR 60 83 60 83 dB RS 100K Large Signal Voltage Gain AV 15 50 15 50 V/ mV RL = 100K Output Voltage Range VO low VO high 2.35 -2.47 2.45 2.35 -2.47 2.45 V V RL = 100K RS 100K Rejection Ratio ALD1701A/ALD1701B ALD1701/ALD1701G -2.40 Advanced Linear Devices -2.40 3 Design & Operating Notes: 1. The ALD1701 CMOS operational amplifier uses a 3 gain stage architecture and an improved frequency compensation scheme to achieve large voltage gain, high output driving capability, and better frequency stability. In a conventional CMOS operational amplifier design, compensation is achieved with a pole splitting capacitor together with a nulling resistor. This method is, however, very bias dependent and thus cannot accommodate the large range of supply voltage operation as is required from a stand alone CMOS operational amplifier. The ALD1701 is internally compensated for unity gain stability using a novel scheme that does not use a nulling resistor. This scheme produces a clean single pole roll off in the gain characteristics while providing for more than 70 degrees of phase margin at the unity gain frequency. 2. The ALD1701 has complementary p-channel and n-channel input differential stages connected in parallel to accomplish rail to rail input common mode voltage range. This means that with the ranges of common mode input voltage close to the power supplies, one of the two differential stages is switched off internally. To maintain compatibility with other operational amplifiers, this switching point has been selected to be about 1.5V below the positive supply voltage. Since offset voltage trimming on the ALD1701 is made when the input voltage is symmetrical to the supply voltages, this internal switching does not affect a large variety of applications such as an inverting amplifier or non-inverting amplifier with a gain larger than 2.5 (5V operation), where the common mode voltage does not make excursions above this switching point. The user should however, be aware that this switching does take place if the operational amplifier is connected as a unity gain buffer, and should make provision in his design to allow for input offset voltage variations. 3. The input bias and offset currents are essentially input protection diode reverse bias leakage currents, and are typically less than 1pA at room temperature. This low input bias current assures that the analog signal from the source will not be distorted by input bias currents. Normally, this extremely high input impedance of greater than 1012 would not be a problem as the source impedance would limit the node impedance. However, for applications where source impedance is very high, it may be necessary to limit noise and hum pickup through proper shielding. 4. The output stage consists of class AB complementary output drivers, capable of driving a low resistance load. The output voltage swing is limited by the drain to source on-resistance of the output transistors as determined by the bias circuitry, and the value of the load resistor. When connected in the voltage follower configuration, the oscillation resistant feature, combined with the rail to rail input and output feature, makes an effective analog signal buffer for medium to high source impedance sensors, transducers, and other circuit networks. 5. The ALD1701 operational amplifier has been designed to provide full static discharge protection. Internally, the design has been carefully implemented to minimize latch up. However, care must be exercised when handling the device to avoid strong static fields that may degrade a diode junction, causing increased input leakage currents. In using the operational amplifier, the user is advised to power up the circuit before, or simultaneously with any input voltages applied, and to limit input voltages not to exceed 0.3V of the power supply voltage levels. 6. The ALD1701, with its micropower operation, offers numerous benefits in reduced power supply requirements, less noise coupling and current spikes, less thermally induced drift, better overall reliability due to lower self heating, and lower input bias current. It requires practically no warm up time as the chip junction heats up to only 0.1C above ambient temperature under most operating conditions. TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS COMMON MODE INPUT VOLTAGE RANGE AS A FUNCTION OF SUPPLY VOLTAGE SUPPLY CURRENT AS A FUNCTION OF SUPPLY VOLTAGE 7 +25C INPUTS GROUNDED OUTPUT UNLOADED 400 -25C COMMON MODE INPUT VOLTAGE RANGE (V) SUPPLY CURRENT (A) 500 TA = -55C 300 200 +70C +125C 100 TA = 25C 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 2 3 4 5 6 7 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) OPEN LOOP VOLTAGE GAIN AS A FUNCTION OF LOAD RESISTANCE INPUT BIAS CURRENT AS A FUNCTION OF AMBIENT TEMPERATURE 10 VS = 2.5V TA = 25C INPUT BIAS CURRENT (pA) 10000 100 1 10K 1 0 6 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 1000 OPEN LOOP VOLTAGE GAIN (V/mV) 6 VS = 2.5V 1000 100 10 1.0 0.1 100K 1M 10M -50 LOAD RESISTANCE () ALD1701A/ALD1701B ALD1701/ALD1701G -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (C) Advanced Linear Devices 4 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OPEN LOOP VOLTAGE GAIN AS A FUNCTION OF SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING (V) OPEN LOOP VOLTAGE GAIN (V/mV) 1000 OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING AS A FUNCTION OF SUPPLY VOLTAGE 100 10 55C TA +125C RL = 100K 25C TA +125C RL = 100K 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 0 4 6 8 0 1 3 4 5 6 7 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE AS A FUNCTION OF AMBIENT TEMPERATURE REPRESENTATIVE UNITS OPEN LOOP VOLTAGE GAIN AS A FUNCTION OF FREQUENCY 120 +5 +4 OPEN LOOP VOLTAGE GAIN (dB) VS = 2.5V +3 +2 +1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 VS = 2.5V TA = 25C 100 80 60 0 40 45 20 90 0 135 180 -20 -5 -50 -25 0 +25 +50 +75 +100 +125 1 10 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (C) INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE AS A FUNCTION OF COMMON MODE INPUT VOLTAGE INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE (mV) 2 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 100 1K 10K 100K FREQUENCY (Hz) 1M PHASE SHIFT IN DEGREES INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE (mV) 6 10M LARGE - SIGNAL TRANSIENT RESPONSE 15 VS = 2.5V TA = 25C 10 2V/div VS = 1.0V TA = 25C RL = 100K CL = 50pF 500mV/div 5s/div 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 COMMON MODE INPUT VOLTAGE (V) LARGE - SIGNAL TRANSIENT RESPONSE SMALL - SIGNAL TRANSIENT RESPONSE 5V/div VS = 2.5V TA = 25C RL = 100K CL = 50pF 100mV/div VS = 2.5V TA = 25C RL = 100K CL = 50pF 2V/div 5s/div 20mV/div 2s/div ALD1701A/ALD1701B ALD1701/ALD1701G Advanced Linear Devices 5 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS RAIL-TO-RAIL VOLTAGE FOLLOWER/BUFFER RAIL-TO-RAIL WAVEFORM 5V ~ 1012 ZIN = INPUT 0.1F +5V 0V +5V OUTPUT 0V OUTPUT + VIN 0 VIN 5V Performance waveforms. Upper trace is the output of a Wien Bridge Oscillator. Lower trace is the output of Rail-to-rail voltage follower. * See Rail to Rail Waveform PHOTO DETECTOR CURRENT TO VOLTAGE CONVERTER HIGH INPUT IMPEDANCE RAIL-TO-RAIL PRECISION DC SUMMING AMPLIFIER V1 V2 RF = 5M +2.5V 10M + 10M I 0.1F VOUT 10M - 10M PHOTODIODE 0.1F V- VIN V+ V3 - 2.5V V4 VOUT = 1 X RF RL = 100K + -2.5V V- VOUT V+ 10M VOUT = V1 + V2 - V3 - V4 +2.5V - 10M RIN = 10M Accuracy limited by resistor tolerances and input offset voltage WIEN BRIDGE OSCILLATOR (RAIL-TO-RAIL) SINE WAVE GENERATOR RAIL-TO-RAIL VOLTAGE COMPARATOR +5V +2.5V - VIN OUTPUT + 10K R = 10K f =~ OUTPUT + 50K 10K .01F C = .01F 10K -2.5V 0.1F - +5V 1 2RC 10M ~ 1.6KHz * See Rail to Rail Waveform LOW VOLTAGE INSTRUMENTATION AMPLIFIER V+ 0.1F 1M + 100K - 500K V+ 100K V- 0.1F 0.1F - f max = 20KHz -40mV VIN 40mV VOUT 50K + V+ 0.1F 1M V- 0.1F V- 100K + V- ALD1701A/ALD1701B ALD1701/ALD1701G V+ 1M 100K 0.1F 1M GAIN = 25 V- VOUT V+. All resistors are 1%. V+ = +1.0V, V- = -1.0V. Short circuit input current 1A. Advanced Linear Devices 6