Hitachi Single-Chip Microcomputer
H8/534, H8/536
HD6475348R, HD6435348R
HD6475368R, HD6435368R
HD6475348S, HD6435348S
HD6475368S, HD6435368S
Hardware Manual
ADE-602-038B
OMC 932723248
Preface
The H8/534 and H8/536 are high-performance single-chip Hitachi-original microcomputers,
featuring a high-speed CPU with 16-bit internal data paths and a full complement of on-chip
supporting modules. They are ideal microcontrollers for a wide variety of medium-scale devices,
including both office and industrial equipment and consumer products.
The CPU has a general-register architecture. Its instruction set is highly orthogonal and is
optimized for fast execution of programs coded in the high-level C language. For further speed,
the existing 10-MHz lineup has been extended to include high-speed versions that operate at
16 MHz. Low-voltage versions that operate at 3 V and 2.7 V have also been developed.
On-chip facilities include large RAM and ROM memories, numerous timers, serial I/O, an A/D
converter, I/O ports, and other functions for compact implementation of high-performance
application systems.
H8/534 and H8/536 are available in both a ZTAT
version* with on-chip PROM, ideal for the
early stages of production or for products with frequently-changing specifications, and a masked-
ROM version suitable for volume production.
This manual gives a hardware description of the H8/534 and H8/536. For details of the instruction
set, refer to the
H8/500 Series Programming Manual, which applies to all chips in the H8/500
Series.
* ZTAT (Zero Turn-Around Time) is a trademark of Hitachi, Ltd.
2
Contents
Section 1 Overview
1.1 Features ··································································································································1
1.2 Block Diagram ·······················································································································5
1.3 Pin Arrangements and Functions ···························································································6
1.3.1 Pin Arrangement ·········································································································6
1.3.2 Pin Functions ··············································································································9
Section 2 MCU Operating Modes and Address Space
2.1 Overview ······························································································································23
2.2 Mode Descriptions ···············································································································24
2.3 Address Space Map ··············································································································25
2.3.1 Page Segmentation ····································································································25
2.3.2 Page 0 Address Allocations ······················································································26
2.4 Mode Control Register (MDCR) ·························································································27
Section 3 CPU
3.1 Overview ······························································································································31
3.1.1 Features ·····················································································································31
3.1.2 Address Space ···········································································································32
3.1.3 Register Configuration ······························································································33
3.2 CPU Register Descriptions ··································································································34
3.2.1 General Registers ······································································································34
3.2.2 Control Registers ······································································································35
3.2.3 Initial Register Values ·······························································································40
3.3 Data Formats ························································································································41
3.3.1 Data Formats in General Registers ···········································································41
3.3.2 Data Formats in Memory ··························································································42
3.4 Instructions ···························································································································44
3.4.1 Basic Instruction Formats ·························································································44
3.4.2 Addressing Modes ····································································································45
3.4.3 Effective Address Calculation ··················································································47
3.5 Instruction Set ······················································································································50
3.5.1 Overview ···················································································································50
3.5.2 Data Transfer Instructions ·························································································52
3.5.3 Arithmetic Instructions ·····························································································53
3.5.4 Logic Operations ·······································································································54
3.5.5 Shift Operations ········································································································55
3.5.6 Bit Manipulations ······································································································56
3.5.7 Branching Instructions ······························································································57
3.5.8 System Control Instructions ······················································································59
3.5.9 Short-Format Instructions ·························································································62
3.6 Operating Modes ··················································································································62
3.6.1 Minimum Mode ········································································································62
3.6.2 Maximum Mode ········································································································63
3.7 Basic Operational Timing ····································································································63
3.7.1 Overview ···················································································································63
3.7.2 On-Chip Memory Access Cycle ···············································································64
3.7.3 Pin States during On-Chip Memory Access ·····························································65
3.7.4 Register Field Access Cycle (Addresses H'FE80 to H'FFFF) ··································66
3.7.5 Pin States during Register Field Access (Addresses H'FE80 to H'FFFF) ················67
3.7.6 External Access Cycle ······························································································ 68
3.8 CPU States ···························································································································69
3.8.1 Overview ···················································································································69
3.8.2 Program Execution State ···························································································71
3.8.3 Exception-Handling State ·························································································71
3.8.4 Bus-Released State ····································································································72
3.8.5 Reset State ·················································································································77
3.8.6 Power-Down State ····································································································77
3.9 Programming Notes ·············································································································78
3.9.1 Restriction on Address Location ···············································································78
Section 4 Exception Handling
4.1 Overview ······························································································································79
4.1.1 Types of Exception Handling and Their Priority ······················································79
4.1.2 Hardware Exception-Handling Sequence ·································································80
4.1.3 Exception Factors and Vector Table ·········································································80
4.2 Reset ····································································································································83
4.2.1 Overview ···················································································································83
4.2.2 Reset Sequence ·········································································································83
4.2.3 Stack Pointer Initialization ························································································84
4.3 Address Error ·······················································································································87
4.3.1 Illegal Instruction Prefetch ························································································87
4.3.2 Word Data Access at Odd Address ···········································································87
4.3.3 Off-Chip Address Access in Single-Chip Mode ·······················································87
4.4 Trace ····································································································································88
4.5 Interrupts ······························································································································88
4.6 Invalid Instruction ················································································································91
4.7 Trap Instructions and Zero Divide ·······················································································91
4.8 Cases in Which Exception Handling is Deferred ·································································91
4.8.1 Instructions that Disable Interrupts ···········································································91
4.8.2 Disabling of Exceptions Immediately after a Reset ··················································92
4.8.3 Disabling of Interrupts after a Data Transfer Cycle ··················································92
4.9 Stack Status after Completion of Exception Handling ························································93
4.9.1 PC Value Pushed on Stack for Trace,
Interrupts, Trap Instructions, and Zero Divide Exceptions ·······································95
4.9.2 PC Value Pushed on Stack for Address Error and Invalid
Instruction Exceptions ······························································································95
4.10 Notes on Use of the Stack ····································································································95
Section 5 Interrupt Controller
5.1 Overview ······························································································································97
5.1.1 Features ·····················································································································97
5.1.2 Block Diagram ··········································································································98
5.1.3 Register Configuration ······························································································99
5.2 Interrupt Types ·····················································································································99
5.2.1 External Interrupts ····································································································99
5.2.2 Internal Interrupts ····································································································101
5.2.3 Interrupt Vector Table ·····························································································102
5.3 Register Descriptions ·········································································································104
5.3.1 Interrupt Priority Registers A to F (IPRA to IPRF) ················································104
5.3.2 Timing of Priority Setting ·······················································································105
5.4 Interrupt Handling Sequence ·····························································································105
5.4.1 Interrupt Handling Flow ·························································································105
5.4.2 Stack Status after Interrupt Handling Sequence ·····················································108
5.4.3 Timing of Interrupt Exception-Handling Sequence ················································109
5.5 Interrupts During Operation of the Data Transfer Controller ············································109
5.6 Interrupt Response Time ····································································································112
Section 6 Data Transfer Controller
6.1 Overview ····························································································································113
6.1.1 Features ···················································································································113
6.1.2 Block Diagram ········································································································113
6.1.3 Register Configuration ····························································································114
6.2 Register Descriptions ·········································································································115
6.2.1 Data Transfer Mode Register (DTMR) ···································································115
6.2.2 Data Transfer Source Address Register (DTSR) ····················································116
6.2.3 Data Transfer Destination Register (DTDR) ·························································116
6.2.4 Data Transfer Count Register (DTCR) ···································································116
6.2.5 Data Transfer Enable Registers A to F (DTEA to DTEF) ······································117
6.3 Data Transfer Operation ·····································································································118
6.3.1 Data Transfer Cycle ································································································118
6.3.2 DTC Vector Table ···································································································120
6.3.3 Location of Register Information in Memory ·························································122
6.3.4 Length of Data Transfer Cycle ················································································122
6.4 Procedure for Using the DTC ····························································································124
6.5 Example ·····························································································································125
Section 7 Wait-State Controller
7.1 Overview ····························································································································127
7.1.1 Features ···················································································································127
7.1.2 Block Diagram ········································································································128
7.1.3 Register Configuration ····························································································128
7.2 Wait-State Control Register ·······························································································129
7.3 Operation in Each Wait Mode ····························································································130
7.3.1 Programmable Wait Mode ······················································································130
7.3.2 Pin Wait Mode ········································································································131
7.3.3 Pin Auto-Wait Mode ·······························································································133
Section 8 Clock Pulse Generator
8.1 Overview ····························································································································135
8.1.1 Block Diagram ········································································································135
8.2 Oscillator Circuit ················································································································135
8.3 System Clock Divider ········································································································139
Section 9 I/O Ports
9.1 Overview ····························································································································141
9.2 Port 1 ··································································································································144
9.2.1 Overview ·················································································································144
9.2.2 Port 1 Registers ·······································································································144
9.2.3 Pin Functions in Each Mode ···················································································147
9.3 Port 2 ··································································································································150
9.3.1 Overview ·················································································································150
9.3.2 Port 2 Registers ·······································································································151
9.3.3 Pin Functions in Each Mode ···················································································152
9.4 Port 3 ··································································································································153
9.4.1 Overview ·················································································································153
9.4.2 Port 3 Registers ·······································································································154
9.4.3 Pin Functions in Each Mode ···················································································155
9.5 Port 4 ··································································································································156
9.5.1 Overview ·················································································································156
9.5.2 Port 4 Registers ·······································································································157
9.5.3 Pin Functions in Each Mode ···················································································158
9.6 Port 5 ··································································································································159
9.6.1 Overview ·················································································································159
9.6.2 Port 5 Registers ·······································································································160
9.6.3 Pin Functions in Each Mode ···················································································161
9.6.4 Built-In MOS Pull-Up ·····························································································163
9.7 Port 6 ··································································································································165
9.7.1 Overview ·················································································································165
9.7.2 Port 6 Registers ·······································································································166
9.7.3 Pin Functions in Each Mode ···················································································170
9.7.4 Built-In MOS Pull-Up ·····························································································172
9.8 Port 7 ··································································································································173
9.8.1 Overview ·················································································································173
9.8.2 Port 7 Registers ·······································································································173
9.8.3 Pin Functions ··········································································································174
9.9 Port 8 ··································································································································177
9.9.1 Overview ·················································································································177
9.9.2 Port 8 Registers ·······································································································177
9.10 Port 9 ··································································································································178
9.10.1 Overview ·················································································································178
9.10.2 Port 9 Registers ·······································································································178
9.10.3 Pin Functions ··········································································································179
Section 10 16-Bit Free-Running Timers
10.1 Overview ····························································································································183
10.1.1 Features ···················································································································183
10.1.2 Block Diagram ········································································································184
10.1.3 Input and Output Pins ·····························································································185
10.1.4 Register Configuration ····························································································186
10.2 Register Descriptions ·········································································································187
10.2.1 Free-Running Counter (FRC)—H'FE92, H'FEA2, H'FEB2 ···································187
10.2.2 Output Compare Registers A and B (OCRA and OCRB)—H'FE94
and H'FE96, H'FEA4 and H'FEA6, H'FEB4 and H'FEB6 ······································188
10.2.3 Input Capture Register (ICR)—H'FE98, H'FEA8, H'FEB8 ···································188
10.2.4 Timer Control Register (TCR) ················································································189
10.2.5 Timer Control/Status Register (TCSR) ···································································191
10.3 CPU Interface ·····················································································································194
10.4 Operation ····························································································································196
10.4.1 FRC Incrementation Timing ···················································································196
10.4.2 Output Compare Timing ·························································································197
10.4.3 Input Capture Timing ······························································································199
10.4.4 Setting of FRC Overflow Flag (OVF) ····································································201
10.5 CPU Interrupts and DTC Interrupts ···················································································201
10.6 Synchronization of Free-Running Timers 1 to 3 ································································202
10.6.1 Synchronization after a Reset ·················································································202
10.6.2 Synchronization by Writing to FRCs ······································································202
10.7 Sample Application ············································································································206
10.8 Application Notes ··············································································································206
Section 11 8-Bit Timer
11.1 Overview ····························································································································213
11.1.1 Features ···················································································································213
11.1.2 Block Diagram ········································································································214
11.1.3 Input and Output Pins ·····························································································215
11.1.4 Register Configuration ····························································································215
11.2 Register Descriptions ·········································································································215
11.2.1 Timer Counter (TCNT)—H'FED4 ··········································································215
11.2.2 Time Constant Registers A and B
(TCORA and TCORB)—H'FED2 and H'FED3 ·····················································216
11.2.3 Timer Control Register (TCR)—H'FED0 ·······························································216
11.2.4 Timer Control/Status Register (TCSR)—H'FED1 ··················································218
11.3 Operation ····························································································································220
11.3.1 TCNT Incrementation Timing ················································································220
11.3.2 Compare Match Timing ··························································································221
11.3.3 External Reset of TCNT ·························································································223
11.3.4 Setting of TCNT Overflow Flag ·············································································224
11.4 CPU Interrupts and DTC Interrupts ···················································································224
11.5 Sample Application ············································································································225
11.6 Application Notes ··············································································································226
Section 12 PWM Timer
12.1 Overview ····························································································································233
12.1.1 Features ···················································································································233
12.1.2 Block Diagram ········································································································233
12.1.3 Input and Output Pins ·····························································································234
12.1.4 Register Configuration ····························································································235
12.2 Register Descriptions ·········································································································235
12.2.1 Timer Counter (TCNT)—H'FEC2, H'FEC4, H'FECA ···········································235
12.2.2 Duty Register (DTR)—H'FEC1, H'FEC5, H'FEC9 ················································236
12.2.3 Timer Control Register (TCR)—H'FEC0, H'FEC4, H'FEC8 ·································236
12.3 Operation ····························································································································238
12.4 Application Notes ··············································································································240
Section 13 Watchdog Timer
13.1 Overview ····························································································································241
13.1.1 Features ···················································································································241
13.1.2 Block Diagram ········································································································242
13.1.3 Register Configuration ····························································································242
13.2 Register Descriptions ·········································································································243
13.2.1 Timer Counter TCNT—H'FEEC (Write), H'FEED (Read) ····································243
13.2.2 Timer Control/Status Register (TCSR)—H'FEEC ·················································243
13.2.3 Reset Control/Status Register (RSTCSR)—H'FF14 (Write), H'FF15 (Read) ········245
13.2.4 Notes on Register Access ························································································246
13.3 Operation ····························································································································248
13.3.1 Watchdog Timer Mode ···························································································248
13.3.2 Interval Timer Mode ·······························································································249
13.3.3 Operation in Software Standby Mode ·····································································250
13.3.4 Setting of Overflow Flag ························································································250
13.3.5 Setting of Watchdog Timer Reset (WRST) Bit ·······················································251
13.4 Application Notes ··············································································································252
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface
14.1 Overview ····························································································································255
14.1.1 Features ···················································································································255
14.1.2 Block Diagram ········································································································256
14.1.3 Input and Output Pins ·····························································································257
14.1.4 Register Configuration ····························································································257
14.2 Register Descriptions ·········································································································258
14.2.1 Receive Shift Register (RSR) ·················································································258
14.2.2 Receive Data Register (RDR)—H'FEDD, H'FEF5 ················································258
14.2.3 Transmit Shift Register (TSR) ················································································258
14.2.4 Transmit Data Register (TDR)—H'FEDB, H'FEF3 ···············································259
14.2.5 Serial Mode Register (SMR)—H'FED8, H'FEF0 ···················································259
14.2.6 Serial Control Register (SCR)—H'FEDA, H'FEF2 ················································261
14.2.7 Serial Status Register (SSR)—H'FEDC, H'FEF4 ···················································263
14.2.8 Bit Rate Register (BRR)—H'FED9, H'FEF1 ··························································265
14.3 Operation ····························································································································270
14.3.1 Overview ·················································································································270
14.3.2 Asynchronous Mode ·······························································································271
14.3.3 Synchronous Mode ·································································································275
14.4 CPU Interrupts and DTC Interrupts ···················································································279
14.5 Application Notes ··············································································································280
Section 15 A/D Converter
15.1 Overview ····························································································································283
15.1.1 Features ···················································································································283
15.1.2 Block Diagram ········································································································284
15.1.3 Input Pins ················································································································285
15.1.4 Register Configuration ····························································································285
15.2 Register Descriptions ·········································································································286
15.2.1 A/D Data Registers (ADDR)—H'FEE0 to H'FEE7 ················································286
15.2.2 A/D Control/Status Register (ADCSR)—H'FEE8 ·················································287
15.2.3 A/D Control Register (ADCR)—H'FEE9 ·······························································289
15.3 CPU Interface ·····················································································································290
15.4 Operation ····························································································································291
15.4.1 Single Mode (SCAN = 0) ·······················································································291
15.4.2 Scan Mode (SCAN = 1) ··························································································294
15.4.3 Input Sampling Time and A/D Conversion Time ···················································296
15.4.4 External Triggering of A/D Conversion ·································································297
15.5 Interrupts and the Data Transfer Controller ·······································································298
Section 16 RAM
16.1 Overview ····························································································································299
16.1.1 Block Diagram ········································································································299
16.1.2 Register Configuration ····························································································300
16.2 RAM Control Register (RAMCR) ·····················································································300
16.3 Operation ····························································································································300
16.3.1 Expanded Modes (Modes 1, 2, 3, and 4) ································································300
16.3.2 Single-Chip Mode (Mode 7) ···················································································301
Section 17 ROM
17.1 Overview ····························································································································303
17.1.1 Block Diagram ········································································································303
17.2 PROM Mode ······················································································································304
17.2.1 PROM Mode Setup ·································································································304
17.2.2 Socket Adapter Pin Arrangements and Memory Map ············································305
17.3 H8/534 Programming ·········································································································308
17.3.1 Writing and Verifying ·····························································································308
17.3.2 Notes on Writing ·····································································································311
17.4 H8/536 Programming ·········································································································312
17.4.1 Writing and Verifying ·····························································································312
17.4.2 Notes on Programming ···························································································315
17.5 Reliability of Written Data ·································································································317
17.6 Erasing of Data ···················································································································318
17.7 Handling of Windowed Packages ······················································································319
Section 18 Power-Down State
18.1 Overview ····························································································································321
18.2 Sleep Mode ························································································································322
18.2.1 Transition to Sleep Mode ························································································322
18.2.2 Exit from Sleep Mode ·····························································································322
18.3 Software Standby Mode ·····································································································322
18.3.1 Transition to Software Standby Mode ····································································322
18.3.2 Software Standby Control Register (SBYCR) ························································323
18.3.3 Exit from Software Standby Mode ·········································································324
18.3.4 Sample Application of Software Standby Mode ····················································324
18.3.5 Application Notes ···································································································325
18.4 Hardware Standby Mode ···································································································325
18.4.1 Transition to Hardware Standby Mode ···································································325
18.4.2 Recovery from Hardware Standby Mode ·······························································326
18.4.3 Timing Sequence of Hardware Standby Mode ·······················································326
Section 19 E Clock Interface
19.1 Overview ····························································································································327
Section 20 Electrical Specifications
20.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings ······························································································331
20.2 Electrical Characteristics ····································································································331
20.2.1 DC Characteristics ··································································································331
20.2.2 AC Characteristics ··································································································340
20.2.3 A/D Converter Characteristics ················································································349
20.3 MCU Operational Timing ··································································································350
20.3.1 Bus Timing ··············································································································351
20.3.2 Control Signal Timing ····························································································354
20.3.3 Clock Timing ··········································································································355
20.3.4 I/O Port Timing ·······································································································357
20.3.5 16-Bit Free-Running Timer Timing ········································································358
20.3.6 8-Bit Timer Timing ·································································································359
20.3.7 Pulse Width Modulation Timer Timing ··································································360
20.3.8 Serial Communication Interface Timing ·································································360
20.3.9 A/D Trigger Signal Input Timing ···········································································361
Appendix A Instructions
A.1 Instruction Set ····················································································································363
A.2 Instruction Codes ···············································································································368
A.3 Operation Code Map ··········································································································379
A.4 Instruction Execution Cycles ·····························································································384
A.4.1 Calculation of Instruction Execution States ····························································384
A.4.2 Tables of Instruction Execution Cycles ··································································385
Appendix B Register Field
B.1 Register Addresses and Bit Names ····················································································393
B.2 Register Descriptions ·········································································································398
Appendix C I/O Port Schematic Diagrams
C.1 Schematic Diagram of Port 1 ·····························································································437
C.2 Schematic Diagram of Port 2 ·····························································································444
C.3 Schematic Diagram of Port 3 ·····························································································445
C.4 Schematic Diagram of Port 4 ·····························································································446
C.5 Schematic Diagram of Port 5 ·····························································································447
C.6 Schematic Diagram of Port 6 ·····························································································448
C.7 Schematic Diagram of Port 7 ·····························································································450
C.8 Schematic Diagram of Port 8 ·····························································································455
C.9 Schematic Diagram of Port 9 ·····························································································456
Appendix D Memory Maps ·······························································································463
Appendix E Pin States
E.1 Port State of Each Pin State ·······························································································465
E.2 Pin States in Reset State ·····································································································468
Appendix F
Timing of Transition to and Recovery from
Hardware Standby Mode
················································································475
Appendix G Package Dimensions ····················································································476
Figures
1-1 Block Diagram ···················································································································5
1-2 Pin Arrangement (CP-84, Top View) ················································································6
1-3 Pin Arrangement (CG-84, Top View) ················································································7
1-4 Pin Arrangement (FP-80A, TFP-80C, Top View) ·····························································8
2-1 H8/534 Memory Map in Each Operating Mode ······························································28
2-2 H8/536 Memory Map in Each Operating Mode ······························································29
3-1 CPU Operating Modes ·····································································································32
3-2 Registers in the CPU ········································································································33
3-3 Stack Pointer ····················································································································34
3-4 Combinations of Page Registers with Other Registers ····················································38
3-5 Short Absolute Addressing Mode and Base Register ······················································39
3-6 On-Chip Memory Access Timing ····················································································64
3-7 Pin States during Access to On-Chip Memory ································································65
3-8 Register Field Access Timing ··························································································66
3-9 Pin States during Register Field Access ··········································································67
3-10 (a) External Access Cycle (Read Access) ·············································································68
3-10 (b) External Access Cycle (Write Access) ············································································69
3-11 Operating States ···············································································································70
3-12 State Transitions ··············································································································71
3-13 Bus-Right Release Cycle (During On-chip Memory Access Cycle) ·······························73
3-14 Bus-Right Release Cycle (During External Access Cycle) ·············································74
3-15 Bus-Right Release Cycle (During Internal CPU Operation) ···········································75
4-1 Types of Factors Causing Exception Handling ·······························································81
4-2 Reset Vector ·····················································································································84
4-3 Reset Sequence (Minimum Mode, On-Chip Memory) ···················································85
4-4 Reset Sequence (Maximum Mode, External Memory) ···················································86
4-5 Interrupt Sources (and Number of Interrupt Types) ························································90
5-1 Interrupt Controller Block Diagram ················································································98
5-2 Interrupt Handling Flowchart ························································································107
5-3 (a) Stack before and after Interrupt Exception-Handling (Minimum Mode) ······················108
5-3 (b) Stack before and after Interrupt Exception-Handling (Maximum Mode) ·····················109
5-4 Interrupt Sequence (Minimum Mode, On-Chip Memory) ············································110
5-5 Interrupt Sequence (Maximum Mode, External Memory) ············································111
6-1 Block Diagram of Data Transfer Controller ··································································114
6-2 Flowchart of Data Transfer Cycle ··················································································119
6-3 DTC Vector Table ··········································································································120
6-4 DTC Vector Table Entry ································································································121
6-5 Order of Register Information ·······················································································122
6-6 Use of DTC to Receive Data via Serial Communication Interface 1 ····························126
7-1 Block Diagram of Wait-State Controller ·······································································128
7-2 Programmable Wait Mode ·····························································································131
7-3 Pin Wait Mode ···············································································································132
7-4 Pin Auto-Wait Mode ······································································································133
8-1 Block Diagram of Clock Pulse Generator ·····································································135
8-2 Connection of Crystal Oscillator (Example) ·································································136
8-3 Crystal Oscillator Equivalent Circuit ·············································································136
8-4 Notes on Board Design around External Crystal ···························································137
8-5 External Clock Input (Example) ····················································································137
8-6 External Clock Input (Examples) ··················································································138
8-7 Phase Relationship of ø Clock and E clock ···································································139
9-1 Pin Functions of Port 1 ··································································································144
9-2 Pin Functions of Port 2 ··································································································150
9-3 Port 2 Pin Functions in Expanded Modes ······································································152
9-4 Port 2 Pin Functions in Single-Chip Mode ····································································153
9-5 Pin Functions of Port 3 ··································································································153
9-6 Port 3 Pin Functions in Expanded Modes ······································································155
9-7 Port 3 Pin Functions in Single-Chip Mode ····································································156
9-8 Pin Functions of Port 4 ··································································································156
9-9 Port 4 Pin Functions in Expanded Modes ······································································158
9-10 Port 4 Pin Functions in Single-Chip Mode ····································································159
9-11 Pin Functions of Port 5 ··································································································159
9-12 Port 5 Pin Functions in Modes 1 and 3 ··········································································161
9-13 Port 5 Pin Functions in Modes 2 and 4 ··········································································162
9-14 Port 5 Pin Functions in Single-Chip Mode ····································································162
9-15 Pin Functions of Port 6 ··································································································166
9-16 Port 6 Pin Functions in Mode 3 ·····················································································170
9-17 Port 6 Pin Functions in Mode 4 ·····················································································170
9-18 Port 6 Pin Functions in Modes 7, 2, and 1 ·····································································171
9-19 Pin Functions of Port 7 ··································································································173
9-20 Pin Functions of Port 8 ··································································································177
9-21 Pin Functions of Port 9 ··································································································178
10-1 Block Diagram of 16-Bit Free-Running Timer ·····························································184
10-2 (a) Write Access to FRC (When CPU Writes H'AA55) ·····················································195
10-2 (b) Read Access to FRC (When FRC Contains H'AA55) ···················································196
10-3 Increment Timing for External Clock Input ··································································197
10-4 Setting of Output Compare Flags ··················································································198
10-5 Timing of Output Compare A ························································································198
10-6 Clearing of FRC by Compare-Match A ·········································································199
10-7 Input Capture Timing (Usual Case) ···············································································199
10-8 Input Capture Timing (1-State Delay) ···········································································200
10-9 Setting of Input Capture Flag ························································································200
10-10 Setting of Overflow Flag (OVF) ····················································································201
10-11 Square-Wave Output (Example) ····················································································206
10-12 FRC Write-Clear Contention ·························································································207
10-13 FRC Write-Increment Contention ·················································································208
10-14 Contention between OCR Write and Compare-Match ··················································209
11-1 Block Diagram of 8-Bit Timer ·······················································································214
11-2 Count Timing for External Clock Input ·········································································221
11-3 Setting of Compare-Match Flags ···················································································222
11-4 Timing of Timer Output ·································································································222
11-5 Timing of Compare-Match Clear ··················································································223
11-6 Timing of External Reset ·······························································································223
11-7 Setting of Overflow Flag (OVF) ····················································································224
11-8 Example of Pulse Output ·······························································································225
11-9 TCNT Write-Clear Contention ······················································································226
11-10 TCNT Write-Increment Contention ···············································································227
11-11 Contention between TCOR Write and Compare-Match ················································228
12-1 Block Diagram of PWM Timer ·····················································································234
12-2 PWM Timing ·················································································································239
13-1 Block Diagram of Timer Counter ··················································································242
13-2 Writing to TCNT and TCSR ··························································································247
13-3 Writing to RSTCSR ·······································································································247
13-4 Operation in Watchdog Timer Mode ·············································································249
13-5 Operation in Interval Timer Mode ·················································································249
13-6 Setting of OVF Bit ·········································································································250
13-7 Setting of WRST Bit and Internal Reset Signal ····························································251
13-8 TCNT Write-Increment Contention ···············································································252
13-9 Reset Circuit (Example) ································································································253
14-1 Block Diagram of Serial Communication Interface ······················································256
14-2 Data Format in Asynchronous Mode ·············································································271
14-3 Phase Relationship between Clock Output and Transmit Data ·····································272
14-4 Data Format in Synchronous Mode ···············································································276
14-5 Sampling Timing (Asynchronous Mode) ······································································282
15-1 Block Diagram of A/D Converter ··················································································284
15-2 Read Access to A/D Data Register (When Register Contains H'AA40) ·······················290
15-3 A/D Operation in Single Mode (When Channel 1 is Selected) ·····································293
15-4 A/D Operation in Scan Mode (When Channels 0 to 2 are Selected) ·····························295
15-5 A/D Conversion Timing ································································································296
15-6 Timing of Setting of ADST Bit ·····················································································297
16-1 Block Diagram of On-Chip RAM ·················································································299
17-1 Block Diagram of On-Chip ROM ·················································································304
17-2 (a) Socket Adapter Pin Arrangements (H8/534) ·································································306
17-2 (b) Socket Adapter Pin Arrangements (H8/536) ·································································307
17-3 Memory Map in PROM Mode ······················································································308
17-4 High-Speed Programming Flowchart (H8/534) ····························································309
17-5 PROM Write/Verify Timing (H8/534) ···········································································311
17-6 High-Speed Programming Flowchart (H8/536) ····························································313
17-7 PROM Write/Verify Timing (H8/536) ···········································································315
17-8 Recommended Screening Procedure ·············································································317
18-1 NMI Timing of Software Standby Mode (Application Example) ·································325
18-2 Hardware Standby Sequence ·························································································326
19-1 Execution Cycle of Instruction Synchronized with E Clock in Expanded Modes
(Maximum Synchronization Delay) ··············································································328
19-2 Execution Cycle of Instruction Synchronized with E Clock in Expanded Modes
(Minimum Synchronization Delay) ···············································································329
20-1 Example of Circuit for Driving a Darlington Transistor Pair ········································339
20-2 Example of Circuit for Driving an LED ········································································339
20-3 Output Load Circuit ·······································································································347
20-4 Basic Bus Cycle (without Wait States) in Expanded Modes ·········································351
20-5 Basic Bus Cycle (with 1 Wait State) in Expanded Modes ·············································352
20-6 Bus Cycle Synchronized with E Clock ··········································································353
20-7 Reset Input Timing ········································································································ 354
20-8 Reset Output Timing ······································································································354
20-9 Interrupt Input Timing ···································································································354
20-10 Bus Release State Timing ······························································································355
20-11 E Clock Timing ··············································································································355
20-12 Clock Oscillator Stabilization Timing ···········································································356
20-13 I/O Port Input/Output Timing ························································································357
20-14 Free-Running Timer Input/Output Timing ····································································358
20-15 External Clock Input Timing for Free-Running Timers ················································358
20-16 8-Bit Timer Output Timing ····························································································359
20-17 8-Bit Timer Clock Input Timing ····················································································359
20-18 8-Bit Timer Reset Input Timing ····················································································359
20-19 PWM Timer Output Timing ··························································································360
20-20 SCI Input Clock Timing ································································································360
20-21 SCI Input/Output Timing (Synchronous Mode) ····························································360
20-22 A/D Trigger Signal Input Timing ··················································································361
C-1 (a) Schematic Diagram of Port 1, Pin P10··········································································437
C-1 (b) Schematic Diagram of Port 1, Pin P11··········································································437
C-1 (c) Schematic Diagram of Port 1, Pin P12 ···········································································438
C-1 (d) Schematic Diagram of Port 1, Pin P13··········································································439
C-1 (e) Schematic Diagram of Port 1, Pin P14 ···········································································440
C-1 (f) Schematic Diagram of Port 1, Pin P15··········································································441
C-1 (g) Schematic Diagram of Port 1, Pin P16··········································································442
C-1 (h) Schematic Diagram of Port 1, Pin P17··········································································443
C-2 Schematic Diagram of Port 2 ·························································································444
C-3 Schematic Diagram of Port 3 ·························································································445
C-4 Schematic Diagram of Port 4 ·························································································446
C-5 Schematic Diagram of Port 5 ·························································································447
C-6 (a) Schematic Diagram of Port 6, Pin P60··········································································448
C-6 (b) Schematic Diagram of Port 6, Pin P61to P63································································449
C-7 (a) Schematic Diagram of Port 7, Pin P70··········································································450
C-7 (b) Schematic Diagram of Port 7, Pins P71and P72···························································451
C-7 (c) Schematic Diagram of Port 7, Pin P73··········································································452
C-7 (d) Schematic Diagram of Port 7, Pins P74, P75 and P76····················································453
C-7 (e) Schematic Diagram of Port 7, Pin P77··········································································454
C-8 Schematic Diagram of Port 8 ·························································································455
C-9 (a) Schematic Diagram of Port 9, Pins P90and P91···························································456
C-9 (b) Schematic Diagram of Port 9, Pin P92··········································································457
C-9 (c) Schematic Diagram of Port 9, Pin P93··········································································458
C-9 (d) Schematic Diagram of Port 9, Pin P94··········································································459
C-9 (e) Schematic Diagram of Port 9, Pin P95··········································································460
C-9 (f) Schematic Diagram of Port 9, Pin P96··········································································461
C-9 (g) Schematic Diagram of Port 9, Pin P97··········································································462
E-1 Reset during Memory Access (Mode 1) ········································································469
E-2 Reset during Memory Access (Mode 2) ········································································470
E-3 Reset during Memory Access (Mode 3) ········································································472
E-4 Reset during Memory Access (Mode 4) ········································································473
E-5 Reset during Memory Access (Mode 7) ········································································474
G-1 Package Dimensions (CP-84) ························································································476
G-2 Package Dimensions (CG-84) ·······················································································476
G-3 Package Dimensions (FP-80A) ······················································································477
G-4 Package Dimensions (TFP-80C) ···················································································477
Tables
1-1 Features ······························································································································2
1-2 Pin Arrangements in Each Operating Mode (CP-84, CG-84) ···········································9
1-3 Pin Arrangements in Each Operating Mode (FP-80A, TFP-80C) ···································13
1-4 Pin Functions ···················································································································17
2-1 Operating Modes ·············································································································23
2-2 Mode Control Register ····································································································27
3-1 Interrupt Mask Levels ······································································································36
3-2 Interrupt Mask Bits after an Interrupt is Accepted ··························································36
3-3 Initial Values of Registers ································································································41
3-4 General Register Data Formats ························································································42
3-5 Data Formats in Memory ·································································································43
3-6 Data Formats on the Stack ·······························································································44
3-7 Addressing Modes ···········································································································46
3-8 Effective Address Calculation ·························································································47
3-9 Instruction Classification ·································································································50
3-10 Data Transfer Instructions ·······························································································52
3-11 Arithmetic Instructions ····································································································53
3-12 Logic Operation Instructions ···························································································54
3-13 Shift Instructions ··············································································································55
3-14 Bit-Manipulation Instructions ··························································································56
3-15 Branching Instructions ·····································································································57
3-16 System Control Instructions ····························································································59
3-17 Short-Format Instructions and Equivalent General Formats ···········································62
4-1 (a) Exceptions and Their Priority ··························································································79
4-1 (b) Instruction Exceptions ·····································································································79
4-2 Exception Vector Table ····································································································82
4-3 Stack after Exception Handling Sequence ·······································································93
5-1 Interrupt Controller Registers ··························································································99
5-2 Interrupts, Vectors, and Priorities ··················································································103
5-3 Assignment of Interrupt Priority Registers ····································································104
5-4 Number of States before Interrupt Service ····································································112
6-1 Internal Control Registers of the DTC ···········································································114
6-2 Data Transfer Enable Registers ······················································································115
6-3 Assignment of Data Transfer Enable Registers ·····························································117
6-4 Addresses of DTC Vectors ·····························································································121
6-5 Number of States per Data Transfer ··············································································123
6-6 Number of States before Interrupt Service ····································································124
6-7 DTC Control Register Information Set in RAM ···························································125
7-1 Register Configuration ···································································································128
7-2 Wait Modes ····················································································································130
8-1 (1) External Crystal Parameters
(HD6475368R, HD6475348R, HD6435368R, HD6435348R) ·····································136
8-1 (2) External Crystal Parameters
(HD6475368S, HD6475348S, HD6435368S, HD6435348S) ·······································136
9-1 Input/Output Port Summary ··························································································142
9-2 Port 1 Registers ··············································································································144
9-3 Port 1 Pin Functions in Expanded Modes ······································································147
9-4 Port 1 Pin Functions in Single-Chip Modes ··································································149
9-5 Port 2 Registers ··············································································································151
9-6 Port 3 Registers ··············································································································154
9-7 Port 4 Registers ··············································································································157
9-8 Port 5 Registers ··············································································································160
9-9 Status of MOS Pull-Ups for Port 5 ················································································163
9-10 Port 6 Registers ··············································································································166
9-11 Port 6 Pin Functions in Modes 7, 2, and 1 ·····································································171
9-12 Status of MOS Pull-Ups for Port 5 ················································································172
9-13 Port 7 Registers ··············································································································173
9-14 Port 7 Pin Functions ·······································································································175
9-15 Port 8 Registers ··············································································································177
9-16 Port 9 Registers ··············································································································178
9-17 Port 9 Pin Functions ·······································································································180
10-1 Input and Output Pins of Free-Running Timer Module ················································185
10-2 Register Configuration ···································································································186
10-3 Free-Running Timer Interrupts ······················································································201
10-4 Synchronization by Writing to FRCs ·············································································202
10-5 Effect of Changing Internal Clock Sources ···································································210
11-1 Input and Output Pins of 8-Bit Timer ············································································215
11-2 8-Bit Timer Registers ·····································································································215
11-3 8-Bit Timer Interrupts ····································································································224
11-4 Priority Order of Timer Output ······················································································229
11-5 Effect of Changing Internal Clock Sources ···································································229
12-1 Output Pins of PWM Timer Module ·············································································234
12-2 PWM Timer Registers ···································································································235
12-3 PWM Timer Parameters for 10 MHz System Clock ·····················································238
13-1 Register Configuration ···································································································242
13-2 Read Addresses of TCNT and TCSR ············································································248
14-1 SCI Input/Output Pins ····································································································257
14-2 SCI Registers ·················································································································257
14-3 Examples of BRR Settings in Asynchronous Mode·······················································265
14-4 Examples of BRR Settings in Synchronous Mode ························································269
14-5 Communication Formats Used by SCI ··········································································270
14-6 SCI Clock Source Selection ···························································································270
14-7 Data Formats in Asynchronous Mode ···········································································272
14-8 Receive Errors ···············································································································275
14-9 SCI Interrupts ·················································································································280
14-10 SSR Bit States and Data Transfer When Multiple Receive Errors Occur ·····················281
15-1 A/D Input Pins ···············································································································285
15-2 A/D Registers ·················································································································285
15-3 Assignment of Data Registers to Analog Input Channels ·············································286
15-4 A/D Conversion Time (Single Mode) ···········································································297
16-1 RAM Control Register ···································································································300
17-1 ROM Usage in Each MCU Mode ··················································································303
17-2 Selection of PROM Mode ·····························································································304
17-3 Socket Adapter ···············································································································305
17-4 Selection of Sub-Modes in PROM Mode (H8/534) ······················································308
17-5 DC Characteristics (H8/534)
(When VCC = 6.0 V ±0.25 V, VPP = 12.5 V ±0.3 V, VSS = 0 V, Ta = 25˚C ±5˚C) ········310
17-6 AC Characteristics (H8/534)
(When VCC = 6.0 V ±0.25 V, VPP = 12.5 V ±0.3 V, Ta = 25˚C ±5˚C) ··························310
17-7 Selection of Sub-Modes in PROM Mode (H8/536) ······················································312
17-8 DC Characteristics (H8/536)
(When VCC = 6.0 V ±0.25 V, VPP = 12.5 V ±0.3 V, VSS = 0 V, Ta = 25˚C ±5˚C) ········314
17-9 AC Characteristics (H8/536)
(When VCC = 6.0 V ±0.25 V, VPP = 12.5 V ±0.3 V, Ta = 25˚C ±5˚C) ··························314
17-10 PROM Writers ···············································································································316
17-11 Erasing Conditions ·········································································································318
17-12 Socket for 84-Pin LCC Package ····················································································319
18-1 Power-Down State ·········································································································321
18-2 Software Standby Control Register ···············································································323
20-1 Absolute Maximum Ratings ··························································································331
20-2 DC Characteristics (5-V Versions) ·················································································332
20-3 DC Characteristics (3-V S-Mask Versions)····································································334
20-4 DC Characteristics (2.7-V S-Mask Versions)·································································336
20-5 Allowable Output Current Values (5-V Versions)··························································338
20-6 Allowable Output Current Values (3-V S-Mask Versions)·············································338
20-7 Allowable Output Current Values (2.7-V S-Mask Versions)··········································339
20-8 (1) Bus Timing (R-Mask Versions)······················································································340
20-8 (2) Bus Timing (S-Mask Versions)·······················································································342
20-9 (1) Control Signal Timing (R-Mask Versions)·····································································344
20-9 (2) Control Signal Timing (S-Mask Versions) ·····································································345
20-10 Timing Conditions of On-Chip Supporting Modules·····················································346
20-11 A/D Converter Characteristics (5-V Versions)·······························································349
20-12 A/D Converter Characteristics························································································350
A-1 (a) Machine Language Coding [General Format] ·······························································372
A-1 (b) Machine Language Coding [Special Format: Short Format] ········································376
A-1 (c) Machine Language Coding [Special Format: Branch Instruction] ································377
A-1 (d) Machine Language Coding [Special Format: System Control Instructions] ·················378
A-2 Operation Codes in Byte 1 ·····························································································379
A-3 Operation Codes in Byte 2 (Axxx) ················································································380
A-4 Operation Codes in Byte 2 (05xx, 15xx, 0Dxx, 1Dxx, Bxxx, Cxxx, Dxxx,
Exxx, Fxxx) ···················································································································381
A-5 Operation Codes in Byte 2 (04xx, 0Cxx) ······································································382
A-6 Operation Codes in Bytes 2 and 3 (11xx, 01xx, 06xx, 07xx, xx00xx) ··························383
A-7 Instruction Execution Cycles (1) ···················································································387
A-7 Instruction Execution Cycles (2)····················································································388
A-7 Instruction Execution Cycles (3)····················································································389
A-7 Instruction Execution Cycles (4)····················································································390
A-7 Instruction Execution Cycles (5)····················································································391
A-7 Instruction Execution Cycles (6)····················································································392
A-8 (a) Adjusted Value (Branch Instruction) ·············································································392
A-8 (b) Adjusted Value (Other Instructions by Addressing Modes) ··········································392
C-1 (a) Port 1 Port Read (Pin P10) ·····························································································437
C-1 (b) Port 1 Port Read (Pin P11) ·····························································································438
C-1 (c) Port 1 Port Read (Pin P12) ·····························································································438
C-1 (d) Port 1 Port Read (Pin P13) ·····························································································439
C-1 (e) Port 1 Port Read (Pin P14) ·····························································································440
C-1 (f) Port 1 Port Read (Pin P15) ·····························································································441
C-1 (g) Port 1 Port Read (Pin P16) ·····························································································442
C-1 (h) Port 1 Port Read (Pin P17) ·····························································································443
C-2 Port 2 Port Read ·············································································································444
C-3 Port 3 Port Read ·············································································································445
C-4 Port 4 Port Read ·············································································································446
C-5 Port 5 Port Read ·············································································································447
C-6 (a) Port 6 Port Read (Pin P60) ·····························································································448
C-6 (b) Port 6 Port Read (Pin P61to P63) ··················································································449
C-7 (a) Port 7 Port Read (Pin P70) ·····························································································450
C-7 (b) Port 7 Port Read (Pins P71, P72) ····················································································451
C-7 (c) Port 7 Port Read (Pin P73) ·····························································································452
C-7 (d) Port 7 Port Read (Pins P74to P76) ················································································453
C-7 (e) Port 7 Port Read (Pin P77) ·····························································································454
C-9 (a) Port 9 Port Read (Pins P90, P91) ····················································································456
C-9 (b) Port 9 Port Read (Pin P92) ·····························································································457
C-9 (c) Port 9 Port Read (Pin P93) ·····························································································458
C-9 (d) Port 9 Port Read (Pin P94) ·····························································································459
C-9 (e) Port 9 Port Read (Pin P95) ·····························································································460
C-9 (f) Port 9 Port Read (Pin P96) ·····························································································461
C-9 (g) Port 9 Port Read (Pin P97) ·····························································································462
D-1 H8/534 Memory Map ····································································································463
D-2 H8/536 Memory Map ····································································································464
E-1 Port State ························································································································465
E-2 MOS Pull-Up State ········································································································467
Section 1 Overview
1.1 Features
The H8/534 and H8/536 are CMOS microcomputer units (MCUs) comprising a CPU core plus a
full range of supporting functions—an entire system integrated onto a single chip.
The CPU features a highly orthogonal instruction set that permits addressing modes and data sizes
to be specified independently in each instruction. An internal 16-bit architecture and 16-bit access
to on-chip memory enhance the CPU’s data-processing capability and provide the speed needed
for realtime control applications.
The on-chip supporting functions include RAM, ROM, timers, a serial communication interface
(SCI), A/D conversion, and I/O ports. An on-chip data transfer controller (DTC) can transfer data
in either direction between memory and I/O independently of the CPU.
For the on-chip ROM, a choice is offered between masked ROM and programmable ROM
(PROM). The PROM version can be programmed by the user with a general-purpose PROM
writer.
Table 1-1 lists the main features of the H8/534 and H8/536.
1
Table 1-1 Features
Feature Description
CPU General-register machine
• Eight 16-bit general registers
• Five 8-bit and two 16-bit control registers
High speed
• Maximum clock rate: 10 MHz (oscillator frequency: 20 MHz, R-mask versions)
16 MHz (oscillator frequency: 32 MHz, S-mask versions)
Expanded operating modes supporting external memory
• Minimum mode: up to 64-kbyte address space
• Maximum mode: up to 1 M-byte address space
Highly orthogonal instruction set
• Addressing modes and data size can be specified independently for
each instruction
1.5 Addressing modes
• Register-register operations
• Register-memory operations
Instruction set optimized for C language
• Special short formats for frequently-used instructions and addressing modes
Memory • 2-kbyte high-speed RAM on-chip
(H8/534) • 32-kbyte programmable or masked ROM on-chip
Memory • 2-kbyte high-speed RAM on-chip
(H8/536) • 62-kbyte programmable or masked ROM on-chip
16-Bit free- Each channel provides:
running • 1 free-running counter (which can count external events)
timer (FRT) • 2 output-compare registers
(3 channels) • 1 input capture register
8-Bit timer • One 8-bit up-counter (which can count external events)
(1 channel) • 2 time constant registers
PWM timer • Generates pulses with any duty ratio from 0 to 100%
(3 channels) • Resolution: 1/250
Watchdog • An overflow generates a nonmaskable interrupt
timer (WDT) • Can also be used as an interval timer
(1 channel)
2
Table 1-1 Features (cont)
Feature Description
Serial com- • Asynchronous or synchronous mode (selectable)
munication • Full duplex: can send and receive simultaneously
interface (SCI) • Built-in baud rate generator
(2 channels)
A/D converter • 10-Bit resolution
• 8 channels, controllable in single mode or scan mode (selectable)
• Sample-and-hold function
• Start of A/D conversion can be externally triggered
I/O ports • 57 Input/output pins (six 8-bit ports, one 5-bit port, one 4-bit port)
• 8 Input-only pins (one 8-bit port)
Interrupt • 7 external interrupt pins (NMI, IRQ0, IRQ1 to IRQ5)
controller • 23 internal interrupts
(INTC) • 8 priority levels
Data transfer Performs bidirectional data transfer between memory and I/O independently
controller (DTC) of the CPU
Wait-state Can insert wait states in access to external memory or I/O
controller (WSC)
Operating 5 MCU operating modes
modes • Expanded minimum modes, supporting up to 64 kbytes external memory
with or without using on-chip ROM (Modes 1 and 2)
• Expanded maximum modes, supporting up to 1 Mbyte external memory
with or without using on-chip ROM (Modes 3 and 4)
• Single-chip mode (Mode 7)
3 power-down modes
• Sleep mode
• Software standby mode
• Hardware standby mode
Other features • E clock output available
• Clock generator on-chip
Model Name Package Options ROM
HD6475348RCG 84-Pin windowed LCC (CG-84) PROM
HD6475348RCP 84-Pin PLCC (CP-84)
HD6475348RF 80-Pin QFP (FP-80A)
HD6435348RCP 84-Pin PLCC (CP-84) Mask
HD6435348RF 80-Pin QFP (FP-80A) ROM
Model Name Package Options ROM
HD6475348SCG 84-Pin windowed LCC (CG-84) PROM
HD6475348SCP 84-Pin PLCC (CP-84)
HD6475348SF 80-Pin QFP (FP-80A)
HD6475348STF 80-Pin TQFP (TFP-80C)
HD6435348SCP 84-Pin PLCC (CP-84) Mask
HD6435348SF 80-Pin QFP (FP-80A) ROM
HD6435348STF 80-Pin TQFP (TFP-80C)
Product
line-up
(H8/534
R-mask
versions)
Product
line-up
(H8/534
S-mask
versions)
3
Table 1-1 Features (cont)
Feature Description
Model Name Package Options ROM
HD6475368RCG 84-Pin windowed LCC (CG-84) PROM
HD6475368RCP 84-Pin PLCC (CP-84)
HD6475368RF 80-Pin QFP (FP-80A)
HD6435368RCP 84-Pin PLCC (CP-84) Mask
HD6435368RF 80-Pin QFP (FP-80A) ROM
Model Name Package Options ROM
HD6475368SCG 84-Pin windowed LCC (CG-84) PROM
HD6475368SCP 84-Pin PLCC (CP-84)
HD6475368SF 80-Pin QFP (FP-80A)
HD6475368STF 80-Pin TQFP (TFP-80C)
HD6435368SCP 84-Pin PLCC (CP-84) Mask
HD6435368SF 80-Pin QFP (FP-80A) ROM
HD6435368STF 80-Pin TQFP (TFP-80C)
Product 16-MHz High- 3-V 2.7-V
line-up Regular Speed Low-Voltage Low-Voltage
Versions Versions Versions*Versions*
Model PROM HD6475368R HD6475368S HD6475368SV HD6475368SV
name HD6475348R HD6475348S HD6475348SV HD6475348SV
Mask HD6435368R HD6435368S HD6435368SV HD6435368SV
ROM HD6435348R HD6435348S HD6435348SV HD6435348SV
Clock speed 0.5 MHz to 2 MHz to 2 MHz to 2 MHz to
Supply voltage 10 MHz 16 MHz 10 MHz 8 MHz
5 V ± 10% 5 V ± 10% 3 V to 5.5 V 2.7 V to 5.5 V
Notes: The product codes of the 3-V and 2.7-V low-voltage versions include a suffix that identifies
the clock speed. Examples are shown below for the H8/536 PROM version in an 80-pin
QFP package.
Examples: 3-V versions: HD6475368SVF10
2.7-V versions: HD6475368SVF8
*Under development
Product
line-up
(H8/536
R-mask
versions)
Product
line-up
(H8/536
S-mask
versions)
4
1.2 Block Diagram
Figure 1-1 shows a block diagram of the H8/534 and H8/536.
CPU
P4 /A77
P4 /A66
P4 /A55
P4 /A44
P4 /A33
P4 /A22
P4 /A11
P4 /A00
P5 /A157
P5 /A146
P5 /A135
P5 /A124
P5 /A113
P5 /A102
P5 /A91
P5 /A80
P7 /FTOA17
P7 /FTI22
P7 /FTI11
P7 /TMCI0
P7 /FTOB /FTCI36 3
P7 /FTOB /FTCI25 2
P7 /FTOB /FTCI14
P7 /FTI /TMRI33 1
P8 /AN77
P8 /AN66
P8 /AN55
P8 /AN44
P8 /AN33
P8 /AN22
P8 /AN11
P8 /AN00
8-bit Timer
16-bit Free
Running Timer
(x 3 channels)
Watchdog
Timer
Serial
Communication
Interface
PWM Timer
(x 3 channels)
10-bit
A/D Converter
Port 9 Port 8 Port 7
Port 6 Port 5 Port 4
Port 3Port 2Port 1
Clock
Gener-
ator
EXTAL
XTAL
Wait-
State
Controller RAM
2 kbyte PROM/Mask ROM
32 kbytes (H8/534)
62 kbytes (H8/536)
Interrupt
Controller
Data
Transfer
Controller
Vcc
Vcc
Vss
Vss
Vss
Vss
Vss
Vss
*
AVcc
AVss
NMI
RES
STBY
MD0
MD1
MD2
* CP-84 and CG-84 only
P3 /D77
P3 /D66
P3 /D55
P3 /D44
P3 /D33
P3 /D22
P3 /D11
P3 /D00
P2 /WR4
P2 /RD3
P2 /DS2
P2 /R/W1
P2 /AS0
Data bus (Low)
Data bus (High)
Address bus
P1 /TMO7
P1 /IRQ /ADTRG16
P1 /IRQ05
P1 /WAIT4
P1 /BREQ3
P1 /BACK2
P1 /E1
P1 /ø0
P6 /PW /IRQ /A33 5 19
P6 /PW /IRQ /A22 4 18
P6 /PW /IRQ /A11 3 17
P6 /IRQ /A20 16
P9 /SCK7
P9 /RXD6
P9 /TXD5
P9 /SCK /PW32
P9 /RXD /PW22
P9 /TXD /PW12
P9 /FTOA31
P9 /FTOA20
1
1
1
4
3
2
5
Figure 1-1 Block Diagram
1.3 Pin Arrangements and Functions
1.3.1 Pin Arrangement
Figure 1-2 shows the pin arrangement of the CP-84 package. Figure 1-3 shows the pin
arrangement of the CG-84 package. Figure 1-4 shows the pin arrangement of the FP-80A package.
These pin arrangements apply to both the H8/534 and H8/536.
P2 /R/W
P2 /DS
P2 /RD
P2 /WR
V
MD
MD
MD
STBY
RES
NMI
NC
V
P3 /D
P3 /D
P3 /D
P3 /D
P3 /D
P3 /D
P3 /D
P3 /D
12
3
4cc
0
1
2
ss
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
64
63
62
61
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 84 83 82 81 80 79 78 77 76 75
33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53
PLCC-84
1 pin
H8/534
HD6475348CP
JAPAN
AV
P8 /AN
P8 /AN
P8 /AN
P8 /AN
P8 /AN
P8 /AN
P8 /AN
P8 /AN
AV
V
P7 /FTOA
P7 /FTOB /FTCI
P7 /FTOB /FTCI
P7 /FTOB /FTCI
P7 /FTI /TMRI
P7 /FTI
P7 /FTI
P7 /TMCI
V
P6 /PW /IRQ /A
cc
7 7
6 6
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
1 1
0 0
ss
ss
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
cc3
1
3
2
1
3
2
1
3
2
1
193 5
P4 /A
P4 /A
P4 /A
P4 /A
P4 /A
P4 /A
P4 /A
P4 /A
V
V
P5 /A
P5 /A
P5 /A
P5 /A
P5 /A
P5 /A
P5 /A
P5 /A
P6 /IRQ /A
P6 /PW /IRQ /A
P6 /PW /IRQ /A
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7ss
ss
0 8
1 9
2 10
3 11
4 12
5 13
6 14
7 15
2 16
1 17
2 18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0
1
23
4
1 pin
H8/536
HD6475368CP
JAPAN
P2 /AS
P1 /TMO
P1 /IRQ /ADTRG
P1 /IRQ
P1 /WAIT
P1 /BREQ
P1 /BACK
P1 /E
P1 /ø
V
XTAL
EXTAL
V
P9 /SCK
P9 /RXD
P9 /TXD
P9 /SCK /PW
P9 /RXD /PW
P9 /TXD /PW
P9 /FTOA
P9 /FTOA
0
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
ss
ss7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
2
2
23
2
1
0
3
2
1
1
1
1
6
Figure 1-2 Pin Arrangement (CP-84, Top View)
LCC-84
P2 /R/W
P2 /DS
P2 /RD
P2 /WR
V
MD
MD
MD
STBY
RES
NMI
NC
V
P3 /D
P3 /D
P3 /D
P3 /D
P3 /D
P3 /D
P3 /D
P3 /D
12
3
4cc
0
1
2
ss
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
64
63
62
61
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 84 83 82 81 80 79 78 77 76 75
33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53
Index
H8/534
HD6475348CG
JAPAN
Index
H8/536
HD6475368CG
JAPAN
P2 /AS
P1 /TMO
P1 /IRQ /ADTRG
P1 /IRQ
P1 /WAIT
P1 /BREQ
P1 /BACK
P1 /E
P1 /ø
V
XTAL
EXTAL
V
P9 /SCK
P9 /RXD
P9 /TXD
P9 /SCK /PW
P9 /RXD /PW
P9 /TXD /PW
P9 /FTOA
P9 /FTOA
0
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
ss
ss7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
3
2
1
0
1
1
1
2
2
2
AV
P8 /AN
P8 /AN
P8 /AN
P8 /AN
P8 /AN
P8 /AN
P8 /AN
P8 /AN
AV
V
P7 /FTOA
P7 /FTOB /FTCI
P7 /FTOB /FTCI
P7 /FTOB /FTCI
P7 /FTI /TMRI
P7 /FTI
P7 /FTI
P7 /TMCI
V
P6 /PW /IRQ /A
cc
7 7
6 6
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
1 1
0 0
ss
ss
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
cc3
1
3
2
1
3
2
1
3
2
1
1953
P4 /A
P4 /A
P4 /A
P4 /A
P4 /A
P4 /A
P4 /A
P4 /A
V
V
P5 /A
P5 /A
P5 /A
P5 /A
P5 /A
P5 /A
P5 /A
P5 /A
P6 /IRQ /A
P6 /PW /IRQ /A
P6 /PW /IRQ /A
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7ss
ss
0 8
1 9
2 10
3 11
4 12
5 13
6 14
7 15
2 16
3 17
4 18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0
1
21
2
Figure 1-3 Pin Arrangement (CG-84, Top View)
7
P2 /R/W
P2 /DS
P2 /RD
P2 /WR
V
MD
MD
MD
STBY
RES
NMI
V
P3 /D
P3 /D
P3 /D
P3 /D
P3 /D
P3 /D
P3 /D
P3 /D
12
3
4cc
0
1
2
ss
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
50
49
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
QFP-80A
TQFP-80C
H8/534
HD6475348F
JAPAN
Pin 1
H8/536
HD6475368F
JAPAN
Pin 1
P2 /AS
P1 /TMO
P1 /IRQ /ADTRG
P1 /IRQ
P1 /WAIT
P1 /BREQ
P1 /BACK
P1 /E
P1 /ø
V
XTAL
EXTAL
P9 /SCK
P9 /RXD
P9 /TXD
P9 /SCK /PW
P9 /RXD /PW
P9 /TXD /PW
P9 /FTOA
P9 /FTOA
0
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
ss
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
3
2
1
0
1
1
1
2
2
2
AV
P8 /AN
P8 /AN
P8 /AN
P8 /AN
P8 /AN
P8 /AN
P8 /AN
P8 /AN
AV
P7 /FTOA
P7 /FTOB /FTCI
P7 /FTOB /FTCI
P7 /FTOB /FTCI
P7 /FTI /TMRI
P7 /FTI
P7 /FTI
P7 /TMCI
V
P6 /PW /IRQ /A
cc
7 7
6 6
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
1 1
0 0
ss
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
cc3
1
3
2
1
3
2
1
3
2
1
3 195
P4 /A
P4 /A
P4 /A
P4 /A
P4 /A
P4 /A
P4 /A
P4 /A
V
P5 /A
P5 /A
P5 /A
P5 /A
P5 /A
P5 /A
P5 /A
P5 /A
P6 /IRQ /A
P6 /PW /IRQ /A
P6 /PW /IRQ /A
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7ss
0 8
1 9
2 10
3 11
4 12
5 13
6 14
7 15
2 16
3 17
4 18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
0
1
2
QFP-80A
H8/534
HD6475348TF
JAPAN
Pin 1
H8/536
HD6475368TF
JAPAN
Pin 1
TQFP-80C
Figure 1-4 Pin Arrangement (FP-80A, TFP-80C, Top View)
8
1.3.2 Pin Functions
Pin Arrangements in Each Operating Mode: Table 1-2 lists the arrangements of the pins of
the CP-84 and CG-84 packages in each operating mode. Table 1-3 lists the arrangements for
the FP-80A package.
Table 1-2 Pin Arrangements in Each Operating Mode (CP-84, CG-84)
Notes: 1. For the PROM mode, see section 17, “ROM.”
2. Pins marked NC should be left unconnected.
Pin Name
Expanded Minimum Expanded Maximum Single-Chip PROM
Pin Modes Modes Mode Mode
No. Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4 Mode 7 H8/534 H8/536
1 XTAL XTAL XTAL XTAL XTAL NC NC
2 VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS
3 P10/ø P10/ø P10/ø P10/ø P10/ø NC NC
4 P11/E P11/E P11/E P11/E P11/E NC NC
5 P12/ BACK P12/ BACK P12/ BACK P12/ BACK P12NC NC
6 P13/ BREQ P13/ BREQ P13/ BREQ P13/ BREQ P13NC NC
7 P14/ WAIT P14/ WAIT P14/ WAIT P14/ WAIT P14NC A15
8 P15/ IRQ0P15/ IRQ0P15/ IRQ0P15/ IRQ0P15/ IRQ0NC A16
9 P16/ IRQ1/ P16/ IRQ1/ P16/ IRQ1/ P16/ IRQ1/ P16/ IRQ1/ NC PGM
ADTRG ADTRG ADTRG ADTRG ADTRG
10 P17/ TMO P17/ TMO P17/ TMO P17/ TMO P17/ TMO NC NC
11 AS AS AS AS P20NC NC
12 R/W R/W R/W R/W P21NC NC
13 DS DS DS DS P22NC NC
14 RD RD RD RD P23NC NC
15 WR WR WR WR P24NC NC
16 VCC VCC VCC VCC VCC VCC VCC
17 MD0MD0MD0MD0MD0VSS VSS
18 MD1MD1MD1MD1MD1VSS VSS
9
Table 1-2 Pin Arrangements in Each Operating Mode (CP-84, CG-84) (cont)
Notes: 1. For the PROM mode, see section 17, “ROM.”
2. Pins marked NC should be left unconnected.
Pin Name
Expanded Minimum Expanded Maximum Single-Chip PROM
Pin Modes Modes Mode Mode
No. Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4 Mode 7 H8/534 H8/536
19 MD2MD2MD2MD2MD2VSS VSS
20 STBY STBY STBY STBY STBY VSS VSS
21 RES RES RES RES RES VPP VPP
22 NMI NMI NMI NMI NMI A9A9
23 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC
24 VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS
25 D0D0D0D0P30O0O0
26 D1D1D1D1P31O1O1
27 D2D2D2D2P32O2O2
28 D3D3D3D3P33O3O3
29 D4D4D4D4P34O4O4
30 D5D5D5D5P35O5O5
31 D6D6D6D6P36O6O6
32 D7D7D7D7P37O7O7
33 A0A0A0A0P40A0A0
34 A1A1A1A1P41A1A1
35 A2A2A2A2P42A2A2
36 A3A3A3A3P43A3A3
37 A4A4A4A4P44A4A4
38 A5A5A5A5P45A5A5
39 A6A6A6A6P46A6A6
40 A7A7A7A7P47A7A7
41 VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS
10
Table 1-2 Pin Arrangements in Each Operating Mode (CP-84, CG-84) (cont)
Notes: 1. For the PROM mode, see section 17, “ROM.”
2. Pins marked NC should be left unconnected.
Pin Name
Expanded Minimum Expanded Maximum Single-Chip PROM
Pin Modes Modes Mode Mode
No. Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4 Mode 7 H8/534 H8/536
42 VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS
43 A8P50/ A8A8P50/ A8P50A8A8
44 A9P51/ A9A9P51/ A9P51OE OE
45 A10 P52/ A10 A10 P52/ A10 P52A10 A10
46 A11 P53/ A11 A11 P53/ A11 P53A11 A11
47 A12 P54/ A12 A12 P54/ A12 P54A12 A12
48 A13 P55/ A13 A13 P55/ A13 P55A13 A13
49 A14 P56/ A14 A14 P56/ A14 P56A14 A14
50 A15 P57/ A15 A15 P57/ A15 P57CE CE
51 P60/ IRQ2P60/ IRQ2A16 P60/ IRQ2/ P60/ IRQ2VCC VCC
A16
52 P61/ PW1/ P61/ PW1/ A17 P61/ IRQ3/ P61/ PW1/ VCC VCC
IRQ3IRQ3A17 IRQ3
53 P62/ PW2/ P62/ PW2/ A18 P62/ IRQ4/ P62/ PW2/ NC NC
IRQ4IRQ4A18 IRQ4
54 P63/ PW3/ P63/ PW3/ A19 P63/ IRQ5/ P63/ PW3/ NC NC
IRQ5IRQ5A19 IRQ5
55 VCC VCC VCC VCC VCC VCC VCC
56 P70/ TMCI P70/ TMCI P70/ TMCI P70/ TMCI P70/ TMCI NC NC
57 P71/ FTI1P71/ FTI1P71/ FTI1P71/ FTI1P71/ FTI1NC NC
58 P72/ FTI2P72/ FTI2P72/ FTI2P72/ FTI2P72/ FTI2NC NC
59 P73/ FTI3/ P73/ FTI3/ P73/ FTI3/ P73/ FTI3/ P73/ FTI3/ NC NC
TMRI TMRI TMRI TMRI TMRI
60 P74/ FTOB1/ P74/ FTOB1/ P74/ FTOB1/ P74/ FTOB1/ P74/ FTOB1/ NC NC
FTCI1FTCI1FTCI1FTCI1FTCI1
61 P75/ FTOB2/ P75/ FTOB2/ P75/ FTOB2/ P75/ FTOB2/ P75/ FTOB2/ NC NC
FTCI2FTCI2FTCI2FTCI2FTCI2
11
Table 1-2 Pin Arrangements in Each Operating Mode (CP-84, CG-84) (cont)
Notes: 1. For the PROM mode, see section 17, “ROM.”
2. Pins marked NC should be left unconnected.
Pin Name
Expanded Minimum Expanded Maximum Single-Chip PROM
Pin Modes Modes Mode Mode
No. Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4 Mode 7 H8/534 H8/536
62 P76/ FTOB3/ P76/ FTOB3/ P76/ FTOB3/ P76/ FTOB3/ P76/ FTOB3/ NC NC
FTCI3FTCI3FTCI3FTCI3FTCI3
63 P77/ FTOA1P77/ FTOA1P77/ FTOA1P77/ FTOA1P77/ FTOA1NC NC
64 VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS
65 AVSS AVSS AVSS AVSS AVSS VSS VSS
66 P80/ AN0P80/ AN0P80/ AN0P80/ AN0P80/ AN0NC NC
67 P81/ AN1P81/ AN1P81/ AN1P81/ AN1P81/ AN1NC NC
68 P82/ AN2P82/ AN2P82/ AN2P82/ AN2P82/ AN2NC NC
69 P83/ AN3P83/ AN3P83/ AN3P83/ AN3P83/ AN3NC NC
70 P84/ AN4P84/ AN4P84/ AN4P84/ AN4P84/ AN4NC NC
71 P85/ AN5P85/ AN5P85/ AN5P85/ AN5P85/ AN5NC NC
72 P86/ AN6P86/ AN6P86/ AN6P86/ AN6P86/ AN6NC NC
73 P87 / AN7P87 / AN7P87 / AN7P87 / AN7P87 / AN7NC NC
74 AVCC AVCC AVCC AVCC AVCC VCC VCC
75 P90/ FTOA2P90/ FTOA2P90/ FTOA2P90/ FTOA2P90/ FTOA2NC NC
76 P91/ FTOA3P91/ FTOA3P91/ FTOA3P91/ FTOA3P91/ FTOA3NC NC
77 P92/ TXD2/ P92/ TXD2/ P92/ TXD2/ P92/ TXD2/ P92/ TXD2/ NC NC
PW1PW1PW1PW1PW1
78 P93/ RXD2/ P93/ RXD2/ P93/ RXD2/ P93/ RXD2/ P93/ RXD2/ NC NC
PW2PW2PW2PW2PW2
79 P94/ SCK2/ P94/ SCK2/ P94/ SCK2/ P94/ SCK2/ P94/ SCK2/ NC NC
PW3PW3PW3PW3PW3
80 P95/ TXD1P95/ TXD1P95/ TXD1P95/ TXD1P95/ TXD1NC NC
81 P96/ RXD1P96/ RXD1P96/ RXD1P96/ RXD1P96/ RXD1NC NC
82 P97/ SCK1P97/ SCK1P97/ SCK1P97/ SCK1P97/ SCK1NC NC
83 VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS
84 EXTAL EXTAL EXTAL EXTAL EXTAL NC NC
12
Table 1-3 Pin Arrangements in Each Operating Mode (FP-80A, TFP-80C)
Notes: 1. For the PROM mode, see section 17, “ROM.”
2. Pins marked NC should be left unconnected.
Pin Name
Expanded Minimum Expanded Maximum Single-Chip PROM
Pin Modes Modes Mode Mode
No. Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4 Mode 7 H8/534 H8/536
1 R/W R/W R/W R/W P21NC NC
2 DS DS DS DS P22NC NC
3 RD RD RD RD P23NC NC
4 WR WR WR WR P24NC NC
5 VCC VCC VCC VCC VCC VCC VCC
6 MD0MD0MD0MD0MD0VSS VSS
7 MD1MD1MD1MD1MD1VSS VSS
8 MD2MD2MD2MD2MD2VSS VSS
9 STBY STBY STBY STBY STBY VSS VSS
10 RES RES RES RES RES VPP VPP
11 NMI NMI NMI NMI NMI A9A9
12 VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS
13 D0D0D0D0P30O0O0
14 D1D1D1D1P31O1O1
15 D2D2D2D2P32O2O2
16 D3D3D3D3P33O3O3
17 D4D4D4D4P34O4O4
18 D5D5D5D5P35O5O5
19 D6D6D6D6P36O6O6
20 D7D7D7D7P37O7O7
21 A0A0A0A0P40A0A0
13
Table 1-3 Pin Arrangements in Each Operating Mode (FP-80A, TFP-80C) (cont)
Notes: 1. For the PROM mode, see section 17, “ROM.”
2. Pins marked NC should be left unconnected.
Pin Name
Expanded Minimum Expanded Maximum Single-Chip PROM
Pin Modes Modes Mode Mode
No. Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4 Mode 7 H8/534 H8/536
22 A1A1A1A1P41A1A1
23 A2A2A2A2P42A2A2
24 A3A3A3A3P43A3A3
25 A4A4A4A4P44A4A4
26 A5A5A5A5P45A5A5
27 A6A6A6A6P46A6A6
28 A7A7A7A7P47A7A7
29 VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS
30 A8P50/ A8A8P50/ A8P50A8A8
31 A9P51/ A9A9P51/ A9P51OE OE
32 A10 P52/ A10 A10 P52/ A10 P52A10 A10
33 A11 P53/ A11 A11 P53/ A11 P53A11 A11
34 A12 P54/ A12 A12 P54/ A12 P54A12 A12
35 A13 P55/ A13 A13 P55/ A13 P55A13 A13
36 A14 P56/ A14 A14 P56/ A14 P56A14 A14
37 A15 P57/ A15 A15 P57/ A15 P57CE CE
38 P60/ IRQ2P60/ IRQ2A16 P60/ IRQ2/ P60/ IRQ2VCC VCC
A16
39 P61/ PW1/ P61/ PW1/ A17 P61/ IRQ3/ P61/ PW1/ VCC VCC
IRQ3IRQ3A17 IRQ3
40 P62/ PW2/ P62/ PW2/ A18 P62/ IRQ4/ P62/ PW2/ NC NC
IRQ4IRQ4A18 IRQ4
41 P63/ PW3/ P63/ PW3/ A19 P63/ IRQ5/ P63/ PW3/ NC NC
IRQ5IRQ5A19 IRQ5
42 VCC VCC VCC VCC VCC VCC VCC
14
Table 1-3 Pin Arrangements in Each Operating Mode (FP-80A, TFP-80C) (cont)
Notes: 1. For the PROM mode, see section 17, “ROM.”
2. Pins marked NC should be left unconnected.
Pin Name
Expanded Minimum Expanded Maximum Single-Chip PROM
Pin Modes Modes Mode Mode
No. Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4 Mode 7 H8/534 H8/536
43 P70/ TMCI P70/ TMCI P70/ TMCI P70/ TMCI P70/ TMCI NC NC
44 P71/ FTI1P71/ FTI1P71/ FTI1P71/ FTI1P71/ FTI1NC NC
45 P72/ FTI2P72/ FTI2P72/ FTI2P72/ FTI2P72/ FTI2NC NC
46 P73/ FTI3/ P73/ FTI3/ P73/ FTI3/ P73/ FTI3/ P73/ FTI3/ NC NC
TMRI TMRI TMRI TMRI TMRI
47 P74/ FTOB1/ P74/ FTOB1/ P74/ FTOB1/ P74/ FTOB1/ P74/ FTOB1/ NC NC
FTCI1FTCI1FTCI1FTCI1FTCI1
48 P75/ FTOB2/ P75/ FTOB2/ P75/ FTOB2/ P75/ FTOB2/ P75/ FTOB2/ NC NC
FTCI2FTCI2FTCI2FTCI2FTCI2
49 P76/ FTOB3/ P76/ FTOB3/ P76/ FTOB3/ P76/ FTOB3/ P76/ FTOB3/ NC NC
FTCI3FTCI3FTCI3FTCI3FTCI3
50 P77/ FTOA1P77/ FTOA1P77/ FTOA1P77/ FTOA1P77/ FTOA1NC NC
51 AVSS AVSS AVSS AVSS AVSS VSS VSS
52 P80/ AN0P80 / AN0P80/ AN0P80/ AN0P80/ AN0NC NC
53 P81/ AN1P81/ AN1P81/ AN1P81/ AN1P81/ AN1NC NC
54 P82/ AN2P82/ AN2P82/ AN2P82/ AN2P82/ AN2NC NC
55 P83/ AN3P83/ AN3P83/ AN3P83/ AN3P83/ AN3NC NC
56 P84/ AN4P84/ AN4P84/ AN4P84/ AN4P84/ AN4NC NC
57 P85/ AN5P85/ AN5P85/ AN5P85/ AN5P85/ AN5NC NC
58 P86/ AN6P86/ AN6P86/ AN6P86/ AN6P86/ AN6NC NC
59 P87/ AN7P87 / AN7P87/ AN7P87/ AN7P87/ AN7NC NC
15
Table 1-3 Pin Arrangements in Each Operating Mode (FP-80A, TFP-80C) (cont)
Notes: 1. For the PROM mode, see section 17, “ROM.”
2. Pins marked NC should be left unconnected.
Pin Name
Expanded Minimum Expanded Maximum Single-Chip PROM
Pin Modes Modes Mode Mode
No. Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4 Mode 7 H8/534 H8/536
60 AVCC AVCC AVCC AVCC AVCC VCC VCC
61 P90/ FTOA2P90/ FTOA2P90/ FTOA2P90 / FTOA2P90/ FTOA2NC NC
62 P91/ FTOA3P91/ FTOA3P91/ FTOA3P91/ FTOA3P91/ FTOA3NC NC
63 P92/ PW1P92/ PW1P92/ PW1P92/ PW1P92/ PW1NC NC
64 P93/ PW2P93/ PW2P93/ PW2P93/ PW2P93/ PW2NC NC
65 P94/ PW3P94/ PW3P94/ PW3P94/ PW3P94/ PW3NC NC
66 P95/ TXD P95/ TXD P95/ TXD P95/ TXD P95/ TXD NC NC
67 P96/ RXD P96/ RXD P96/ RXD P96/ RXD P96 / RXD NC NC
68 P97/ SCK P97/ SCK P97/ SCK P97/ SCK P97/ SCK NC NC
69 EXTAL EXTAL EXTAL EXTAL EXTAL NC NC
70 XTAL XTAL XTAL XTAL XTAL NC NC
71 VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS VSS
72 P10/ ø P10/ ø P10/ ø P10/ ø P10/ ø NC NC
73 P11/ E P11/ E P11/ E P11 / E P11/ E NC NC
74 P12/ BACK P12/ BACK P12/ BACK P12/ BACK P12NC NC
75 P13/ BREQ P13/ BREQ P13/ BREQ P13 / BREQ P13NC NC
76 P14/ WAIT P14/ WAIT P14/ WAIT P14/ WAIT P14NC A15
77 P15/ IRQ0P15/ IRQ0P15/ IRQ0P15/ IRQ0P15/ IRQ0NC A16
78 P16/ IRQ1/ P16/ IRQ1/ P16/ IRQ1/ P16/ IRQ1/ P16/ IRQ1/ NC PGM
ADTRG ADTRG ADTRG ADTRG ADTRG
79 P17/ TMO P17/ TMO P17/ TMO P17/ TMO P17/ TMO NC NC
80 AS AS AS AS P20NC NC
16
Pin Functions: Table 1-4 gives a concise description of the function of each pin.
Table 1-4 Pin Functions
Pin No.
CP-84, FP-80A,
Type Symbol CG-84 TFP-80C I/O Name and Function
Power VCC 16, 55 5, 42 I Power: Connected to the power supply (+5 V).
Connect both VCC pins to the system power
supply (+5 V). The chip will not operate if either
pin is left unconnected.
VSS 2, 24 12, 29 I Ground: Connected to ground (0 V).
41, 42 71 Connect all VSS pins to the system power
64, 83 supply (0 V). The chip will not operate if any VSS
pin is left unconnected.
Clock XTAL 1 70 I Crystal: Connected to a crystal oscillator.
The crystal frequency should be double the desired
ø clock frequency.
If an external clock is input at the EXTAL pin, leave
the XTAL pin unconnected.
EXTAL 84 69 I External Crystal: Connected to a crystal
oscillator or external clock. The frequency of the
external clock should be double the desired ø clock
frequency. See section 8.2, “Oscillator Circuit” for
examples of connections to a crystal and external
clock.
ø 3 72 O System Clock: Supplies the ø clock to peripheral
devices.
E 4 73 O
Enable Clock: Supplies an E clock to E clock
based peripheral devices.
System BACK 5 74 O Bus Request Acknowledge: Indicates
control that the bus right has been granted to an external
device. Notifies an external device that issued a
BREQ signal that it now has control of the bus.
17
Table 1-4 Pin Functions (cont)
Pin No.
CP-84, FP-80A,
Type Symbol CG-84 TFP-80C I/O Name and Function
System BREQ 6 75 I Bus Request: Sent by an external device to the
control H8/534 or H4/536 to request the bus right.
STBY 20 9 I Standby: A transition to the hardware standby
mode (a power-down state) occurs when a Low
input is received at the STBY pin.
RES 21 10 I/O Reset:
Low input or low output due to watchdog timer
overflow causes the H8/534 or H8/536 chip to reset.
Address A19 – A854 – 43 41 – 30 O Address Bus: Address output pins.
bus A7– A040 – 33 28 – 21
Data bus D7– D032 – 25 20 – 13 I/O Data Bus: 8-Bit bidirectional data bus.
Bus WAIT 7 76 I Wait: Requests the CPU to insert one or more Tw
control states when accessing an off-chip address.
AS 11 80 O Address Strobe: Goes Low to indicate that there
is a valid address on the address bus.
R/W 12 1 O Read/Write: Indicates whether the CPU is reading
or writing data on the bus.
• High—Read
• Low—Write
DS 13 2 O Data Strobe: Goes Low to indicate the presence
of valid data on the data bus.
RD 14 3 O Read: Goes Low to indicate that the CPU is
reading an external address.
WR 15 4 O Write: Goes Low to indicate that the CPU is
writing to an external address.
18
Table 1-4 Pin Functions (cont)
Pin No.
CP-84, FP-80A,
Type Symbol CG-84 TFP-80C I/O Name and Function
Interrupt NMI 22 11 I NonMaskable Interrupt: Highest-priority interrupt
request. The port 1 control register (P1CR)
determines whether the interrupt is requested on
the rising or falling edge of the NMI input.
IRQ08 77 I Interrupt Request 0 and 1: Maskable interrupt
IRQ19 78 request pins.
IRQ251 38
IRQ352 39
IRQ453 40
IRQ554 41
OperatingMD219 8 I Mode: Input pins for setting the MCU operating
mode MD118 7 mode according to the table below.
control MD017 6 MD2MD1MD0Mode Description
0 0 0 Mode 0 —
0 0 1 Mode 1 Expanded minimum
mode (ROM disabled)
0 1 0 Mode 2 Expanded minimum
mode (ROM enabled)
0 1 1 Mode 3 Expanded maximum
mode (ROM disabled)
1 0 0 Mode 4 Expanded maximum
mode (ROM enabled)
1 0 1 Mode 5 —
1 1 0 Mode 6 —
1 1 1 Mode 7 Single-chip mode
The inputs at these pins must not be changed
while the chip is operating.
19
Table 1-4 Pin Functions (cont)
Pin No.
CP-84, FP-80A,
Type Symbol CG-84 TFP-80C I/O Name and Function
16-Bit free- FTOA163 50 O FRT Output Compare A (channels 1, 2, and 3):
running FTOA275 61 Output pins for the output compare A function
timer (FRT) FTOA376 62 of free-running timer channels 1, 2, and 3.
FTOB160 47 O FRT Output Compare B (channels 1, 2, and 3):
FTOB261 48 Output pins for the output compare B function
FTOB362 49 of free-running timer channels 1, 2, and 3.
FTCI160 47 I
FRT Counter Clock Input (channels 1, 2, and 3):
FTCI261 48 External clock input pins for the free-running
FTCI362 49 counters (FRCs) of free-running timer channels 1,
2, and 3.
FTI157 44 I FRT Input Capture (channels 1, 2, and 3):
FTI258 45 Input capture pins for free-running timer
FTI359 46 channels 1, 2, and 3.
8-Bit TMO 10 79 O 8-bit Timer Output: Compare-match output pin
timer for the 8-bit timer.
TMCI 56 43 I 8-bit Timer Clock Input: External
clock input pin for the 8-bit timer counter.
TMRI 59 46 I 8-bit Timer Counter Reset Input: A high input
at this pin resets the 8-bit timer counter.
PWM PW177 63 O PWM Timer Output (channels 1, 2, and 3):
timer PW278 64 Pulse-width modulation timer output pulses.
PW379 65
20
Table 1-4 Pin Functions (cont)
Pin No.
CP-84, FP-80A,
Type Symbol CG-84 TFP-80C I/O Name and Function
Serial com- TXD180 66 O Transmit Data: Data output pins for serial
munication TXD277 63 communication interfaces 1 and 2.
interface RXD181 67 I Receive Data: Data input pins for serial
signals RXD278 64 communication interfaces 1 and 2.
SCK182 68 I/O Serial Clock: Input/output pins for the serial
SCK279 65 clock of serial interface 1 and 2.
A/D AN7– AN073 – 66 59 – 52 I Analog Input: Analog signal input pins.
converter AVCC 74 60 I Analog Reference Voltage:
Reference voltage
and power supply pin for the A/D converter.
AVSS 65 51 I Analog Ground: Ground pin for the A/D
converter.
ADTRG 9 78 I External Trigger: External trigger input pin
for the A/D converter.
Parallel P17– P1010 – 3 79 – 72 I/O Port 1: An 8-bit input/output port. The
I/O direction of each bit is determined by the port 1
data direction register (P1DDR).
P24– P2015 – 11 4 – 1, I/O Port 2: A 5-bit input/output port. The
80 direction of each bit is determined by the port 2
data direction register (P2DDR).
P37– P3032 – 25 20 – 13 I/O Port 3: An 8-bit input/output port. The
direction of each bit is determined by the port 3
data direction register (P3DDR).
P47– P4040 – 33 28 – 21 I/O Port 4: An 8-bit input/output port. The
direction of each bit is determined by the port 4
data direction register (P4DDR). These pins
can drive LED indicators.
21
Table 1-4 Pin Functions (cont)
Pin No.
CP-84, FP-80A,
Type Symbol CG-84 TFP-80C I/O Name and Function
Parallel P57– P5050 – 43 37 – 30 I/O Port 5: An 8-bit input/output port.
I/O The direction of each bit is determined by the
port 5 data direction register (P5DDR).
These pins have built-in MOS input pull-ups.
P63– P6054 – 51 41 – 38 I/O Port 6: A 4-bit input/output port. The direction
of each bit is determined by the port 6 data
direction register (P6DDR). These pins have
built-in MOS input pull-ups.
P77– P7063 – 56 50 – 43 I/O Port 7: An 8-bit input/output port.
The direction of each bit is determined by the
port 7 data direction register (P7DDR).
These pins have Schmitt inputs.
P87– P8073 – 66 59 – 52 I Port 8: An 8-bit input port
P97– P9082 – 75 68 – 61 I/O Port 9: An 8-bit input/output port.
The direction of each bit is determined by the
port 9 data direction register (P9DDR).
22
Section 2 MCU Operating Modes and Address Space
2.1 Overview
The H8/534 or H8/536 microcomputer unit (MCU) operates in five modes numbered 1, 2, 3, 4,
and 7. The mode is selected by the inputs at the mode pins (MD2to MD0) at the instant when the
chip comes out of a reset. As indicated in table 2-1, the MCU mode determines the size of the
address space, the usage of on-chip ROM, and the operating mode of the CPU. The MCU mode
also affects the functions of I/O pins.
Table 2-1 Operating Modes
MD2MD1MD0MCU Mode Address Space On-Chip ROM CPU Mode
0 0 0 — — — —
0 0 1 Mode 1 Expanded minimum Disabled Minimum mode
0 1 0 Mode 2 Expanded minimum Enabled Minimum mode
0 1 1 Mode 3 Expanded maximum Disabled Maximum mode
1 0 0 Mode 4 Expanded maximum Enabled Maximum mode
1 0 1 — — — —
1 1 0 — — — —
1 1 1 Mode 7 Single-chip only Enabled Minimum mode
Notation: 0: Low level
1: High level
—: Cannot be used
Modes 1 to 4 are referred to as “expanded” because they permit access to off-chip memory and
peripheral addresses. The expanded minimum modes (modes 1 and 2) support a maximum
address space of 64 kbytes. The expanded maximum modes (modes 3 and 4) support a maximum
address space of 1 Mbyte.
Interrupt service is slightly slower in the expanded maximum modes than in the other modes
because the CPU has to save its code page register.
In single-chip mode all ports are available for general-purpose input and output, but off-chip
addresses cannot be accessed.
The H8/534 and H8/536 cannot be set to modes 0, 5, and 6. The mode pins should never be set to
these values.
The inputs at the mode pins must not be changed while the chip is operating.
23
2.2 Mode Descriptions
The five MCU modes are described below. For further information on the I/O pin functions in
each mode, see section 9, “I/O Ports.”
Mode 1 (Expanded Minimum Mode): Mode 1 supports a maximum 64-kbyte address space
which does not include any on-chip ROM. Ports 1 to 5 are used for bus lines and bus control
signals as follows:
Control signals: Ports 1* and 2
Data bus: Port 3
Address bus: Ports 4 and 5
* The functions of individual pins of port 1 are software-selectable.
Mode 2 (Expanded Minimum Mode): Mode 2 supports a maximum 64-kbyte address space of
which the first part is in on-chip ROM. Ports 1 to 5 are used for bus lines and bus control signals
as follows:
Control signals: Ports 1* and 2
Data bus: Port 3
Address bus: Ports 4 and 5*
* The functions of individual pins in ports 1 and 5 are software-selectable.
Note: In mode 2, port 5 is initially a general-purpose input port. Software must change it to
output before using it for the address bus. See section 9.6, “Port 5” for details. The following
instruction makes all pins of port 5 into output pins:
MOV.B #H'FF, @H'FE88*
* H'xx or H'xxxx express the hexadecimal number.
Mode 3 (Expanded Maximum Mode): Mode 3 supports a maximum 1-Mbyte address space
which does not include any on-chip ROM. Ports 1 to 6 are used for bus lines and bus control
signals as follows:
Control signals: Ports 1* and 2
Data bus: Port 3
Address bus: Ports 4, 5, and 6
* The functions of individual pins of port 1 are software-selectable.
24
Mode 4 (Expanded Maximum Mode): Mode 4 supports a maximum 1-Mbyte address space of
which the first part is in on-chip ROM. Ports 1 to 6 are used for bus lines and bus control signals
as follows:
Control signals: Ports 1* and 2
Data bus: Port 3
Address bus: Ports 4, 5*, and 6*
* The functions of individual pins in ports 1, 5, and 6 are software-selectable.
Note: In mode 4, ports 5 and 6 are initially general-purpose input ports. Software must change
them to output before using them for the address bus. See section 9.6, “Port 5” and 10.7, “Port 6”
for details. The following instruction sets all pins of ports 5 and 6 to output:
MOV.W #H'FFFF, @H'FE88
Mode 7 (Single-Chip Mode): In this mode all memory is on-chip. It is not possible to access
off-chip addresses.
The single-chip mode provides the maximum number of ports. All the pins associated with the
address and data buses in the expanded modes are available as general-purpose input/output ports
in the single-chip mode.
2.3 Address Space Map
2.3.1 Page Segmentation
The address space is segmented into 64-kbyte pages. In the single-chip mode and expanded
minimum modes there is just one page: page 0. In the expanded maximum modes there can be
up to 16 pages. Figure 2-1 shows the address space of the H8/534 in each mode and indicates
which parts are on- and off-chip. Figure 2-2 shows the address space of the H8/536.
25
2.3.2 Page 0 Address Allocations
The high and low address areas in page 0 are reserved for registers and vector tables.
Vector Tables: The low address area contains the exception vector table and DTC vector table.
The CPU accesses the exception vector table to obtain the addresses of user-coded exception-
handling routines. The DTC vector table contains pointers to tables of register information used
by the on-chip chip data transfer controller. The size of these tables depends on the CPU
operating mode. Details are given in section 4.1.3, “Exception Factors and Vector Table,” section
5.2.3, “Interrupt Vector Table,” and section 6.3.2, “DTC Vector Table.”
In modes 2 and 4 the vector tables are located in on-chip ROM. In modes 1, 3, and 7 the vector
tables are in external memory.
Register Field: The highest 384 addresses in page 0 (addresses H'FE80 to H'FFFF) belong to
control, status, and data registers used by the I/O ports and on-chip supporting modules. Program
code cannot be located at these addresses.
The CPU accesses addresses in this register field like other addresses in the address space. By
reading and writing at these addresses the CPU controls the on-chip supporting modules and
communicates via the I/O ports. A complete map of the register field is given in appendix B.
On-Chip RAM: One of the control registers in the register field is a RAM control register
(RAMCR) containing a RAM enable bit (RAME) that enables or disables the 2-kbyte on-chip
RAM. When this bit is set to 1 (its default value), addresses H'F680 to H'FE7F are located on-
chip. When this bit is cleared to 0, these addresses are located in external memory and the on-chip
RAM is not used. See section 16, “RAM” for further information.
The RAME bit is bit 7 at address H'FF11.
Coding Example:
To enable on-chip RAM: BSET.B #7, @H'FF11
To disable on-chip RAM: BCLR.B #7, @H'FF11
Note: If on-chip RAM is disabled in the single-chip mode, access to addresses H'F680 to H'FE7F
causes an address error.
26
2.4 Mode Control Register (MDCR)
Another control register in the register field in page 0 is the mode control register (MDCR). The
mode control register can be read by the CPU, but not written. Table 3-2 lists the attributes of this
register.
Table 2-2 Mode Control Register
Name Abbreviation Read/Write Address
Mode control register MDCR Read only H'FF12
The bit configuration of this register is shown below.
* Initialized according to MD2to MD0.
Bits 7 and 6—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
Bits 5 to 3—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 0.
Bits 2 to 0—Mode Select 2 to 0 (MDS2 to MDS0): These bits indicate the values of the mode
pins (MD2to MD0) latched on the rising edge of the signal. MDS2 corresponds to MD2, MDS1
to MD1, and MDS0 to MD0. These bits can be read but not written.
Coding Example: To test whether the MCU is operating in mode 1:
CMP:G.B #H'C1, @H'FF12
The comparison is with H'C1 instead of H'01 because bits 7 and 6 are always read as 1.
Bit 76543210
— — — — — MDS2 MDS1 MDS0
Initial value 1 1 0 0 0 ***
Read/Write — — — — — R R R
27
Expanded Minimum Mode Expanded Maximum Mode Single-Chip Mode
Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4 Mode 7
Vector tables
External
memory
On-chip RAM
2 kbytes
Register field
384 bytes
Vector tables
On-chip ROM
32 kbytes
External
memory
On-chip RAM
2 kbytes
Register field
384 bytes
Vector tables
External
memory
On-chip RAM
2 kbytes
Register field
384 bytes
External
memory
Vector tables
On-chip ROM
32 kbytes
External
memory
On-chip RAM
2 kbytes
Register field
384 bytes
External
memory
Vector tables
On-chip ROM
32 kbytes
H'0000
H'00FF
H'0100
H'F67F
H'F680
H'FE7F
H'FE80
H'FFFF
H'0000
H'00FF
H'0100
H'7FFF
H'8000
Page 0
H'F67F
H'F680
H'FE7F
H'FE80
H'FFFF
H'00000
H'001FF
H'00200
Page 0
H'0F67F
H'0F680
H'0FE7F
H'0FE80
H'0FFFF
H'10000
H'1FFFF
H'F0000
H'FFFFF
H'00000
H'001FF
H'00200
H'07FFF
H'08000
Page 0
H'0F67F
H'0F680
H'0FE7F
H'0FE80
H'0FFFF
H'10000
Page 1
H'1FFFF
H'F0000
Page 15
H'FFFFF
H'0000
H'00FF
H'0100
H'7FFF
Page 0
H'F680
H'FE7F
H'FE80
H'FFFF
Page 1
Page 15
Page 0
On-chip RAM
2 kbytes
Register field
384 bytes
Figure 2-1 H8/534 Memory Map in Each Operating Mode
Expanded Minimum Mode Expanded Maximum Mode Single-Chip Mode
Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4 Mode 7
Vector tables
External
memory
On-chip RAM
2 kbytes
Register field
384 bytes
Vector tables
On-chip ROM
60 kbytes
External
memory
On-chip RAM
2 kbytes
Register field
384 bytes
Vector tables
External
memory
On-chip RAM
2 kbytes
Register field
384 bytes
External
memory
Vector tables
On-chip ROM
62 kbytes
On-chip RAM
2 kbytes
Register field
384 bytes
External
memory
Vector tables
On-chip ROM
62 kbytes
On-chip RAM
2 kbytes
Register field
384 bytes
H'0000
H'00FF
H'0100
H'F67F
H'F680
H'FE7F
H'FE80
H'FFFF
H'0000
H'00FF
H'0100
H'EE7F
Page 0 H'EE80
H'F67F
H'F680
H'FE7F
H'FE80
H'FFFF
H'00000
H'001FF
H'00200
Page 0
H'0F67F
H'0F680
H'0FE7F
H'0FE80
H'0FFFF
H'10000
H'1FFFF
H'F0000
H'FFFFF
H'00000
H'001FF
H'00200
Page 0
H'0F67F
H'0F680
H'0FE7F
H'0FE80
H'0FFFF
H'10000
Page 1
H'1FFFF
H'F0000
Page 15
H'FFFFF
H'0000
H'00FF
H'0100
Page 0
H'F67F
H'F680
H'FE7F
H'FE80
H'FFFF
Page 1
Page 15
Page 0
Figure 2-2 H8/536 Memory Map in Each Operating Mode
Section 3 CPU
3.1 Overview
The H8/534 and H8/536 have the H8/500 Family CPU: a high-speed central processing unit
designed for realtime control of a wide range of medium-scale office and industrial equipment. Its
Hitachi-original architecture features eight 16-bit general registers, internal 16-bit data paths, and
an optimized instruction set.
Section 3 summarizes the CPU architecture and instruction set.
3.1.1 Features
The main features of the H8/500 CPU are listed below.
• General-register machine
— Eight 16-bit general registers
— Seven control registers (two 16-bit registers, five 8-bit registers)
• High speed: maximum 16 MHz (S-mask versions)
At 16 MHz a register-register add operation takes only 125 ns.
• Address space managed in 64-kbyte pages, expandable to 1 Mbyte*
Page registers make four pages available simultaneously: a code page, stack page, data page,
and extended page.
• Two CPU operating modes:
— Minimum mode: Maximum 64-kbyte address space
— Maximum mode: Maximum 1 Mbyte address space*
• Highly orthogonal instruction set
Addressing modes and data sizes can be specified independently within each instruction.
• 1.5 Addressing modes
Register-register and register-memory operations are supported.
• Optimized for efficient programming in C language
In addition to the general registers and orthogonal instruction set, the CPU has special short
formats for frequently-used instructions and addressing modes.
* The CPU architecture supports up to 16 Mbytes of external memory, but the H8/534 and
H8/536 have only enough address pins to address 1 Mbyte.
31
3.1.2 Address Space
The address space size depends on the operating mode.
The H8/534 or H8/536 MCU has five operating modes, which are selected by the input to the
mode pins (MD2to MD0) when the chip comes out of a reset. The CPU, however, has only two
operating modes. The MCU operating mode determines the CPU operating mode, which in turn
determines the maximum address space size as indicated in figure 3-1.
Minimum mode
CPU operating mode
Maximum mode
Maximum address space: 64 kbytes
Hightest address: H'FFFF
Maximum address space: 1 Mbyte
Hightest address: H'FFFFF
Figure 3-1 CPU Operating Modes
32
3.1.3 Register Configuration
Figure 3-2 shows the register structure of the CPU. There are two groups of registers: the general
registers (Rn) and control registers (CR).
R 0
R 1
R 2
R 3
R 4
R 5
R 6
R 7 (FP)
(SP)
P C
S R
C C R
15 0
15 8 7 0
TI2 I1 I0 N Z V C
C P
D P
E P
T P
B R
FP: Frame Pointer
SP: Stack Pointer
PC: Program Counter
SR: Status Register
CCR: Condition Code Register
CP: Code Page register
DP: Data Page register
EP: Extended Page register
TP: sTack Page register
BR: Base Register
General registers (Rn)
Control registers (CR)
15 0
Figure 3-2 Registers in the CPU
33
3.2 CPU Register Descriptions
3.2.1 General Registers
All eight of the 16-bit general registers are functionally alike; there is no distinction between data
registers and address registers. When these registers are accessed as data registers, either byte or
word size can be selected.
R6 and R7, in addition to functioning as general registers, have special assignments.
R7 is the stack pointer, used implicitly in exception handling and subroutine calls. It can be
designated by the name SP, which is synonymous with R7. As indicated in figure 3-3, it points to
the top of the stack. It is also used implicitly by the LDM and STM instructions, which load and
store multiple registers from and to the stack and pre-decrement or post-increment R7 accordingly.
R6 functions as a frame pointer (FP). The LINK and UNLK instructions use R6 implicitly to
reserve or release a stack frame.
SP
Unused area
Stack area
Fig. 3-3
Figure 3-3 Stack Pointer
34
3.2.2 Control Registers
The CPU control registers (CR) include a 16-bit program counter (PC), a 16-bit status register
(SR), four 8-bit page registers, and one 8-bit base register (BR).
Program Counter (PC): This 16-bit register indicates the address of the next instruction the
CPU will execute.
Status Register (SR): This 16-bit register contains internal status information. The lower half of
the status register is referred to as the condition code register (CCR): it can be accessed as a
separate condition code byte.
Bit 15—Trace (T): When this bit is set to 1, the CPU operates in trace mode and generates a
trace exception after every instruction. See section 4.4, “Trace” for a description of the trace
exception-handling sequence.
When the value of this bit is 0, instructions are executed in normal continuous sequence. This bit
is cleared to 0 at a reset.
Bits 14 to 11—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 0.
Bits 10 to 8—Interrupt Mask (I2, I1, I0): These bits indicate the interrupt request mask level
(0 to 7). As shown in table 3-1, an interrupt request is not accepted unless it has a higher level
than the value of the mask. A nonmaskable interrupt (NMI), which has level 8, is accepted at any
mask level. After an interrupt is accepted, I2, I1, and I0 are changed to the level of the interrupt.
Table 3-2 indicates the values of the I bits after an interrupt is accepted.
A reset sets all three bits (I2, I1, and I0) to 1, masking all interrupts except NMI.
Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
T — — — — I2 I1 I0 — — — — N Z V C
CCR
35
Table 3-1 Interrupt Mask Levels
Mask Mask Bits
Priority Level I2 I1 I0 Interrupts Accepted
High 7 1 1 1 NMI
6 1 1 0 Level 7 and NMI
5 1 0 1 Levels 6 to 7 and NMI
4 1 0 0 Levels 5 to 7 and NMI
3 0 1 1 Levels 4 to 7 and NMI
2 0 1 0 Levels 3 to 7 and NMI
1 0 0 1 Levels 2 to 7 and NMI
Low 0 0 0 0 Levels 1 to 7 and NMI
Table 3-2 Interrupt Mask Bits after an Interrupt is Accepted
Level of Interrupt Accepted I2 I1 I0
NMI (8) 1 1 1
7 1 1 1
6 1 1 0
5 1 0 1
4 1 0 0
3 0 1 1
2 0 1 0
1 0 0 1
36
Bits 7 to 4—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 0.
Bit 3—Negative (N): This bit indicates the most significant bit (sign bit) of the result of an
instruction.
Bit 2—Zero (Z): This bit is set to 1 to indicate a zero result and cleared to 0 to indicate a nonzero
result.
Bit 1—Overflow (V): This bit is set to 1 when an arithmetic overflow occurs, and cleared to 0 at
other times.
Bit 0—Carry (C): This bit is set to 1 when a carry or borrow occurs at the most significant bit,
and is cleared to 0 (or left unchanged) at other times.
The specific changes that occur in the condition code bits when each instruction is executed are
listed in appendix A.1 “Instruction Tables.” See the
H8/500 Series Programming Manual for
further details.
Page Registers: The code page register (CP), data page register (DP), extended page register
(EP), and stack page register (TP) are 8-bit registers that are used only in the maximum mode. No
use of their contents is made in the minimum mode.
In the maximum mode, the page registers combine with the program counter and general registers
to generate 24-bit effective addresses as shown in figure 3-4, thereby expanding the program area,
data area, and stack area.
37
Code Page Register (CP): The code page register and the program counter combine to generate
a 24-bit program code address. In the maximum mode, the code page register is initialized at a
reset to a value loaded from the vector table, and both the code page register and program counter
CP
DP
EP
TP
PC
R0
R4
R5
R6
R7
R1
R2
R3
@ aa : 16
Page register
8 Bits 16 Bits
24 Bits (effective address)
PC or general register
Figure 3-4 Combinations of Page Registers with Other Registers
38
are saved and restored in exception handling.
Data Page Register (DP): The data page register combines with general registers R0 to R3 to
generate a 24-bit effective address. The data page register contains the upper 8 bits of the address.
It is used to calculate effective addresses in the register indirect addressing mode using R0 to R3,
and in the 16-bit absolute addressing mode (@aa:16).
The data page register is rewritten by the LDC instruction.
Extended Page Register (EP): The extended page register combines with general register R4 or
R5 to generate a 24-bit operand address. The extended page register contains the upper 8 bits of
the address. It is used to calculate effective addresses in the register indirect addressing mode
using R4 or R5.
The extended page can be used as an additional data page.
Stack Page Register (TP): The stack page register combines with R6 (FP) or R7 (SP) to
generate a 24-bit stack address. The stack page register contains the upper 8 bits of the address. It
is used to calculate effective addresses in the register indirect addressing mode using R6 or R7, in
exception handling, and subroutine calls.
Base Register (BR): This 8-bit register stores the base address used in the short absolute
addressing mode (@aa:8). In this addressing mode a 16-bit effective address in page 0 is
generated by using the contents of the base register as the upper 8 bits and an address given in the
instruction code as the lower 8 bits. See figure 3-5.
In the short absolute addressing mode the address is always located in page 0.
BR @ aa : 8
8 Bits 8 Bits
16 Bits (effective address)
Figure 3-5 Short Absolute Addressing Mode and Base Register
39
3.2.3 Initial Register Values
When the CPU is reset, its internal registers are initialized as shown in table 3-3. Note that the
stack pointer (R7) and base register (BR) are not initialized to fixed values. Also, of the page
registers used in maximum mode, only the code page register (CP) is initialized; the other three
page registers come out of the reset state with undetermined values.
Accordingly, in the minimum mode the first instruction executed after a reset should initialize the
stack pointer. The base register must also be initialized before the short absolute addressing mode
(@aa:8) is used.
In the maximum mode, the first instruction executed after a reset should initialize the stack page
register (TP) and the next instruction should initialize the stack pointer. Later instructions should
initialize the base register and the other page registers as necessary.
40
Table 3-3 Initial Values of Registers
3.3 Data Formats
The H8/500 CPU can process 1-bit data, 4-bit BCD data, 8-bit (byte) data, 16-bit (word) data, and
32-bit (longword) data.
• Bit manipulation instructions operate on 1-bit data.
• Decimal arithmetic instructions operate on 4-bit BCD data.
• Almost all instructions operate on byte and word data.
• Multiply and divide instructions operate on longword data.
3.3.1 Data Formats in General Registers
Data of all the sizes above can be stored in general registers as shown in table 3-4.
Initial Value
Register Minimum Mode Maximum Mode
General registers
15 0 Undetermined Undetermined
R7 – R0
Control registers
15 0 Loaded from vector table Loaded from vector table
PC
SR
CCR
15 8 7 0 H'070x H'070x
T– – – – I2I1I0 – – – – NZVC (x: undetermined) (x: undetermined)
7 0
CP Undetermined Loaded from vector table
7 0
DP Undetermined Undetermined
7 0
EP Undetermined Undetermined
7 0
TP Undetermined Undetermined
7 0
BR Undetermined Undetermined
41
Bit data locations are specified by bit number. Bit 15 is the most significant bit. Bit 0 is the least
significant bit. BCD and byte data are stored in the lower 8 bits of a general register. Word data
use all 16 bits of a general register. Longword data use two general registers: the upper 16 bits
are stored in Rn (n must be an even number); the lower 16 bits are stored in Rn+1.
Operations performed on BCD data or byte data do not affect the upper 8 bits of the register.
Table 3-4 General Register Data Formats
*For longword data n must be even (0, 2, 4, or 6).
3.3.2 Data Formats in Memory
Table 3-5 indicates the data formats in memory.
Instructions that access bit data in memory have byte or word operands. The instruction specifies
a bit number to indicate a specific bit in the operand.
Access to word data in memory must always begin at an even address. Access to word data
starting at an odd address causes an address error. The upper 8 bits of word data are stored in
address n (where n is an even number); the lower 8 bits are stored in address n+1.
Data Type Register No. Data Structure
1-Bit
BCD
Byte
Word
Longword
Rn
Rn
Rn
Rn
Rn*
Rn+1*
15 0
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
15 8 7 4 3 0
Don’t-care Upper digit Lower digit
15 8 7 0
Don’t-care MSB LSB
15 0
MSB LSB
31 16
MSB Upper 16 bits
Lower 16 bits LSB
15 0
42
Table 3-5 Data Formats in Memory
When the stack is accessed in exception processing (to save or restore the program counter, code
page register, or status register), word access is always performed, regardless of the actual data
size. Similarly, when the stack is accessed by an instruction using the pre-decrement or post-
increment register indirect addressing mode specifying R7 (@–R7 or @R7+), which is the stack
pointer, word access is performed regardless of the operand size specified in the instruction. An
address error will therefore occur if the stack pointer indicates an odd address. Programs should
be coded so that the stack pointer always indicates an even address.
Table 3-6 shows the data formats on the stack.
Data Type Data Format
1-Bit (in byte
operand data)
1-Bit (in word
operand data)
Byte
Word
7
6 5 4 3 2 1 07
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8
6 5 4 3 2 1 0
MSB LSB
MSB
LSB
Upper 8 bits
Lower 8 bits
Address n
Even address
Odd address
Address n
Even address
Odd address
7 0
43
Table 3-6 Data Formats on the Stack
3.4 Instructions
3.4.1 Basic Instruction Formats
There are two basic CPU instruction formats: the general format and the special format.
General Format: This format consists of an effective address (EA) field, an effective address
extension field, and an operation code (OP) field. The effective address is placed before the
operation code because this results in faster execution of the instruction.
• Effective address field: One byte containing information used to calculate the effective
address of an operand.
• Effective address extension: Zero to two bytes containing a displacement value, immediate
data, or an absolute address. The size of the effective address
extension is specified in the effective address field.
• Operation code: Defines the operation to be carried out on the operand located at
the address calculated from the effective address information.
Some instructions (DADD, DSUB, MOVFPE, MOVTPE) have
an extended format in which the operand code is preceded by a
one-byte prefix code.
Data Type Data Format
Byte data
on stack
Word data
on stack
MSB
LSB
Upper 8 bits
Lower 8 bits
Even address
Odd address
Even address
Odd address MSB LSB
Don’t-care
Effective address field Effective address extension Operation code
44
• (Example of prefix code in DADD instruction)
Special Format: In this format the operation code comes first, followed by the effective address
field and effective address extension. This format is used in branching instructions, system
control instructions, and other instructions that can be executed faster if the operation is specified
before the operand.
• Operation code: One or two bytes defining the operation to be performed by the instruction.
• Effective address field and effective address extension: Zero to three bytes containing
information used to calculate an effective address.
3.4.2 Addressing Modes
The CPU supports 7 addressing modes: (1) register direct; (2) register indirect; (3) register
indirect with displacement; (4) register indirect with pre-decrement or post-increment; (5)
immediate; (6) absolute; and (7) PC-relative.
Due to the highly orthogonal nature of the instruction set, most instructions having operands can
use any applicable addressing mode from (1) through (6). The PC-relative mode (7) is used by
branching instructions.
In most instructions, the addressing mode is specified in the effective address field. The effective-
address extension, if present, contains a displacement, immediate data, or an absolute address.
Table 3-7 indicates how the addressing mode is specified in the effective address field.
Operation code Effective address field Effective address extension
Effective address Prefix code Operation code
10100rrr 00000000 10100rrr
45
Table 3-7 Addressing Modes
No. Addressing Mode Mnemonic EA Field EA Extension
1 Register direct Rn 1 0 1 0 Sz r r r None
2 Register indirect @Rn 1 1 0 1 Sz r r r None
3 Register indirect @(d:8,Rn) 1 1 1 0 Sz r r r Displacement (1 byte)
with displacement @(d:16,Rn) 1 1 1 1 Sz r r r Displacement (2 bytes)
4 Register indirect @–Rn 1 0 1 1 Sz r r r
with pre-decrement None
Register indirect @Rn+ 1 1 0 0 Sz r r r
with post-increment
5 Immediate #xx:8 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Immediate data (1 byte)
#xx:16 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 Immediate data (2 bytes)
6 Absolute *3@aa:8 0 0 0 0 Sz 1 0 1 1-Byte absolute address
(offset from BR)
@aa:16 0 0 0 1 Sz 1 0 1 2-Byte absolute address
7 PC-relative disp No EA field. 1- or 2-byte displacement
Addressing mode
is specified in the
operation code.
Notes: *1 Sz: Specifies the operand size.
When Sz = 0: byte operand
When Sz = 1: word operand
*2 rrr: Register number field, specifying a general register number.
0 0 0 — R0 0 0 1 — R1 0 1 0 — R2 0 1 1 — R3
1 0 0 — R4 1 0 1 — R5 1 1 0 — R6 1 1 1 — R7
*3The @aa:8 addressing mode is also referred to as the short absolute addressing mode.
*1 *2
46
3.4.3 Effective Address Calculation
Table 3-8 explains how the effective address is calculated in each addressing mode.
Table 3-8 Effective Address Calculation
No. Addressing Mode Effective Address Calculation Effective Address
1 Register direct — Operand is contents of
Rn Rn
1010Sz rrr
2 Register indirect — 23 15 0
@Rn DP *1Rn
1101Sz rrr Or TP or EP *2
3 Register indirect 8 Bits
with displacement 15 0 23 15 0
@(d:8,Rn) Rn DP *1Result
15 0 Or TP or EP *2
1110Sz rrr Displacement with
sign extension
@(d:16,Rn) 16 Bits
1111Sz rrr 15 0 23 15 0
Rn DP *1Result
15 0 Or TP or EP *2
4 Register indirect 15 0 23 15 0
with pre-decrement Rn DP *1Result
@–Rn Or TP or EP *2
1011Sz rrr
Register indirect — 23 15 0
with post-increment DP *1Rn
@Rn+ Rn is incremented by +1 or +2
1100Sz rrr after instruction execution.*3*4*5Or TP or EP *2
Rn is decremented by –1 or –2
before instruction execution.*3*4*5
1 or 2
Displacement
–
+
+
47
Table 3-8 Effective Address Calculation (cont)
No. Addressing Mode Effective Address Calculation Effective Address
5 Absolute address — 23 15 0
@aa:8 H'00 BR
0000Sz101 EA extension data
@aa:16 — 23 15 0
0001Sz101 DP EA extension data
6 Immediate — Operand is 1-byte EA
#xx:8 extension data.
00000100
#xx:16 — Operand is 2-byte EA
00001100 extension data.
7 PC-relative 8 Bits
disp:8 15 0 23 15 0
No EA code PC CP *1Result
Specified in OP code
15 0
Displacement with
sign extension
disp:16 16 Bits 23 15 0
No EA code 15 0 CP *1Result
Specified in OP code PC
15 0
Displacement
⊕
⊕
48
Notes: *1 The page register is ignored in minimum mode.
*2The page register used in addressing modes 2, 3, and 4 depends on the general register :
DP for R0, R1, R2, or R3; EP for R4 or R5; TP for R6 or R7.
*3 Decrement by –1 for a byte operand, and by –2 for a word operand.
*4 The pre-decrement or post-increment is always ±2 when R7 is specified, even if the
operand is byte size.
*5 The drawing below shows what happens when the @-SP and @ SP+ addressing
modes are used to save and restore the stack pointer.
SP
SP SP
MOV.W SP, @–SP MOV.W @SP+, SP
Old SP–2 (upper byte)
Old SP–2 (lower byte)
49
3.5 Instruction Set
3.5.1 Overview
The main features of the CPU instruction set are:
• A general-register architecture.
• Orthogonality. Addressing modes and data sizes can be specified independently in each instruction.
• 1.5 addressing modes (supporting register-register and register-memory operations)
• Affinity for high-level languages, particularly C, with short formats for frequently-used
instructions and addressing modes.
The CPU instruction set includes 63 types of instructions, listed by function in table 3-9.
Table 3-9 Instruction Classification
* Bcc is a conditional branch instruction in which cc represents a condition code.
Tables 3-10 to 3-16 give a concise summary of the instructions in each functional category. The
MOV, ADD, and CMP instructions have special short formats, which are listed in table 3-17. For
detailed descriptions of the instructions, refer to the H8/500 Series Programming Manual.
The notation used in tables 3-10 to 3-17 is defined below.
Function Instructions Types
Data transfer
MOV, LDM, STM, XCH, SWAP, MOVTPE, MOVFPE 7
Arithmetic operations ADD, SUB, ADDS, SUBS, ADDX, SUBX, DADD, DSUB, 17
MULXU, DIVXU, CMP, EXTS, EXTU, TST, NEG, CLR,
TAS
Logic operations AND, OR, XOR, NOT 4
Shift SHAL, SHAR, SHLL, SHLR, ROTL, ROTR, ROTXL, 8
ROTXR
Bit manipulation BSET, BCLR, BTST, BNOT 4
Branch Bcc*, JMP, PJMP, BSR, JSR, PJSR, RTS, PRTD, 11
PRTS, RTD, SCB (/F, /NE, /EQ)
System control TRAPA, TRAP/VS, RTE, SLEEP, LDC, STC, ANDC, 12
ORC, XORC, NOP, LINK, UNLK Total 63
50
Operation Notation
Rd General register (destination)
Rs General register (source)
Rn General register
(EAd) Destination operand
(EAs) Source operand
CCR Condition code register
N N (negative) bit of CCR
Z Z (zero) bit of CCR
V V (overflow) bit of CCR
C C (carry) bit of CCR
CR Control register
PC Program counter
CP Code page register
SP Stack pointer
FP Frame pointer
#IMM Immediate data
disp Displacement
+ Addition
– Subtraction
×Multiplication
÷ Division
∧AND logical
∨OR logical
⊕Exclusive OR logical
→Move
↔Exchange
¬ Not
51
3.5.2 Data Transfer Instructions
Table 3-10 describes the seven data transfer instructions.
Table 3-10 Data Transfer Instructions
Instruction Size*Function
Data MOV (EAs) →(EAd), #IMM →(EAd)
transfer MOV:G B/W Moves data between two general registers, or between
MOV:E Ba general register and memory, or moves immediate data
MOV:I Wto a general register or memory.
MOV:F B/W
MOV:L B/W
MOV:S B/W
LDM WStack →Rn (register list)
Pops data from the stack to one or more registers.
STM WRn (register list) →stack
Pushes data from one or more registers onto the stack.
XCH WRs ↔Rd
Exchanges data between two general registers.
SWAP BRd (upper byte) ↔Rd (lower byte)
Exchanges the upper and lower bytes in a general register.
MOVTPE BRn →(EAd)
Transfers data from a general register to memory in
synchronization with the E clock.
MOVFPE B(EAs) →Rd
Transfers data from memory to a general register in
synchronization with the E clock.
Note: B—byte; W—word
52
3.5.3 Arithmetic Instructions
Table 3-11 describes the 17 arithmetic instructions.
Table 3-11 Arithmetic Instructions
Instruction Size Function
Arithmetic ADD Rd ± (EAs) →Rd, (EAd) ± #IMM →(EAd)
operations ADD:G B/W Performs addition or subtraction on data in a general
ADD:Q B/W register and data in another general register or memory, or
SUB B/W on immediate data and data in a general register or memory.
ADDS B/W
SUBS B/W
ADDX B/W Rd ± (EAs) ± C →Rd
SUBX B/W Performs addition or subtraction with carry or borrow on
data in a general register and data in another general
register or memory, or on immediate data and data in a
general register or memory.
DADD B(Rd)10 ± (Rs)10 ± C →(Rd)10
DSUB BPerforms decimal addition or subtraction on data in two
general registers.
MULXU B/W Rd ×(EAs) →Rd
Performs 8-bit ×8-bit or 16-bit ×16-bit unsigned
multiplication on data in a general register and data in
another general register or memory, or on data in a
general register and immediate data.
DIVXU B/W Rd ÷ (EAs) →Rd
Performs 16-bit ÷ 8-bit or 32-bit ÷ 16-bit unsigned division
on data in a general register and data in another general
register or memory, or on data in a general register and
immediate data.
CMP Rn – (EAs), (EAd) – #IMM
CMP:G B/W Compares data in a general register with data in another
CMP:E Bgeneral register or memory, or with immediate data, or
CMP:I Wcompares immediate data with data in memory.
Note: B—byte; W—word
53
Table 3-11 Arithmetic Instructions (cont)
Instruction Size Function
Arithmetic EXTS B(<bit 7> of <Rd>) →(<bits 15 to 8> of <Rd>)
operations Converts byte data in a general register to word data by
extending the sign bit.
EXTU B0 →(<bits 15 to 8> of <Rd>)
Converts byte data in a general register to word data by
padding with zero bits.
TST B/W (EAd) – 0
Compares general register or memory contents with 0.
NEG B/W 0 – (EAd) →(EAd)
Obtains the two’s complement of general register or
memory contents.
CLR B/W 0 →(EAd)
Clears general register or memory contents to 0.
TAS B(EAd) — 0, (1)2→(<bit 7> of <EAd>)
Tests general register or memory contents, then sets the
most significant bit (bit 7) to 1.
Note: B—byte; W—word
3.5.4 Logic Operations
Table 3-12 lists the four instructions that perform logic operations.
Table 3-12 Logic Operation Instructions
Instruction Size Function
Logical AND B/W Rd∧(EAs) →Rd
operations Performs a logical AND operation on a general register
and another general register, memory, or immediate data.
OR B/W Rd∨(EAs) →Rd
Performs a logical OR operation on a general register and
another general register, memory, or immediate data.
XOR B/W Rd⊕(EAs) →Rd
Performs a logical exclusive OR operation on a general register
and another general register, memory, or immediate data.
NOT B/W ¬ (EAd) →(EAd)
Obtains the one’s complement of general register or memory
contents.
Note: B—byte; W—word
54
3.5.5 Shift Operations
Table 3-13 lists the eight shift instructions.
Table 3-13 Shift Instructions
Instruction Size Function
Shift SHAL B/W (EAd) shift →(EAd)
operations SHAR B/W Performs an arithmetic shift operation on general register
or memory contents.
SHLL B/W (EAd) shift →(EAd)
SHLR B/W Performs a logical shift operation on general register or
memory contents.
ROTL B/W (EAd) shift →(EAd)
ROTR B/W Rotates general register or memory contents.
ROTXL B/W (EAd) rotate through carry →(EAd)
ROTXR B/W Rotates general register or memory contents through the
C (carry) bit.
Note: B—byte; W—word
55
3.5.6 Bit Manipulations
Table 3-14 describes the four bit-manipulation instructions.
Table 3-14 Bit-Manipulation Instructions
Instruction Size Function
Bit BSET B/W ¬ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) →Z,
manipu- 1 →(<bit-No.> of <EAd>)
lations Tests a specified bit in a general register or memory, then
sets the bit to 1. The bit is specified by a bit number
given in immediate data or a general register.
BCLR B/W ¬ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) →Z,
0 →(<bit-No.> of <EAd>)
Tests a specified bit in a general register or memory, then
clears the bit to 0. The bit is specified by a bit number
given in immediate data or a general register.
BNOT B/W ¬ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) →Z,
→(<bit-No.> of <EAd>)
Tests a specified bit in a general register or memory, then
inverts the bit. The bit is specified by a bit number given
in immediate data or a general register.
BTST B/W ¬ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) →Z
Tests a specified bit in a general register or memory. The
bit is specified by a bit number given in immediate data or
a general register.
Note: B—byte; W—word
56
3.5.7 Branching Instructions
Table 3-15 describes the 11 branching instructions.
Table 3-15 Branching Instructions
Instruction Size Function
Branch Bcc — Branches if condition cc is true.
Mnemonic Description Condition
BRA (BT) Always (true) True
BRN (BF) Never (false) False
BHI HIgh C ∨Z = 0
BLS Low or Same C ∨Z = 1
BCC (BHS) Carry Clear C = 0
(High or Same)
BCS (BLO) Carry Set (Low) C = 1
BNE Not Equal Z = 0
BEQ Equal Z = 1
BVC Overflow Clear V = 0
BVS Overflow Set V = 1
BPL Plus N = 0
BMI Minus N = 1
BGE Greater or Equal N ⊕V = 0
BLT Less Than N ⊕V = 1
BGT Greater Than Z ∨(N ⊕V) = 0
BLE Less or Equal Z ∨(N ⊕V) = 1
JMP — Branches unconditionally to a specified address in the same page.
PJMP —Branches unconditionally to a specified address in a specified page.
BSR — Branches to a subroutine at a specified address in the same page.
JSR — Branches to a subroutine at a specified address in the same page.
PJSR —Branches to a subroutine at a specified address in a specified page.
RTS — Returns from a subroutine in the same page.
57
Table 3-15 Branching Instructions (cont)
Instruction Size Function
Branch PRTS — Returns from a subroutine in a different page.
RTD — Returns from a subroutine in the same page and adjusts
the stack pointer.
PRTD — Returns from a subroutine in a different page and adjusts
the stack pointer.
SCB/F — Controls a loop using a loop counter and/or a specified
SCB/NE — termination condition.
SCB/EQ —
58
3.5.8 System Control Instructions
Table 3-16 describes the 12 system control instructions.
Table 3-16 System Control Instructions
Instruction Size Function
System TRAPA —Generates a trap exception with a specified vector number.
control TRAP/VS — Generates a trap exception if the V bit is set to 1 when
the instruction is executed.
RTE — Returns from an exception-handling routine.
LINK — FP →@–SP; SP →FP; SP + #IMM →SP
Creates a stack frame.
UNLK — FP →SP; @SP+ →FP
Deallocates a stack frame created by the LINK instruction.
SLEEP — Causes a transition to the power-down state.
LDC B/W*(EAs) →CR
Moves immediate data or general register or memory
contents to a specified control register.
STC B/W*CR →(EAd)
Moves control register data to a specified general register
or memory location.
ANDC B/W*CR ∧#IMM →CR
Logically ANDs a control register with immediate data.
ORC B/W*CR ∨#IMM →CR
Logically ORs a control register with immediate data.
XORC B/W*CR ⊕#IMM →CR
Logically exclusive-ORs a control register with immediate
data.
NOP — PC + 1 →PC
No operation. Only increments the program counter.
*The size depends on the control register.
Note on Stack Operation by LDC and STC Instructions of H8/500 CPU
When using the LDC and STC instructions to stack and unstack the BR, CCR, TP, DP, and EP
control registers in the H8/500 family, note the following point.
H8/500 hardware does not permit byte access to the stack. If the LDC.B or STC.B assembler
mnemonic is coded with the @R7 + (@SP+) or @–R7 (@–SP) addressing mode, the stack-
pointer addressing mode takes precedence and hardware automatically performs word access.
59
Specifically, the LDC.B and STC.B instructions are executed as follows.
The following applies only to the stack-pointer addressing modes. In addressing modes that do not
use the stack pointer, byte data access is performed as specified by the assembler mnemonic.
(1) STC.B EP, @–SP
When word data access is applied to EP, both EP and DP are accessed. This instruction
stores EP at address SP (old) –2, and DP at address SP (old) –1.
(2) LDC.B @SP+, EP
When word data access is applied to EP, both EP and DP are accessed. This instruction
loads EP from address SP (old), and DP from address SP (old) +1, updating the DP value as
well as the EP value.
(3) STC.B CCR, @–SP
When word data access is applied to CCR, only CCR is accessed. This instruction stores
identical CCR contents at both address SP (old) –2 and address SP (old) –1.
EP
a
DP
b
Old SP – 2
Before execution
Old SP – 1
Old SP
New SP
After execution
New SP + 1
New SP + 2
a
b
EP
a
DP
b
Old SP
After execution
Old SP + 1
Old SP + 2
New SP – 2
Before execution
New SP – 1
New SP
a
b
EP
a
DP
b
CCR
a
Old SP – 2
Before execution
Old SP – 1
Old SP
New SP
After execution
New SP + 1
New SP + 2
a
b
60
(4) LDC.B @SP+, CCR
When word data access is applied to CCR, only CCR is accessed. This instruction loads
CCR from address SP (old) +1. Note that the value in address SP (old) is not loaded.
BR, DP, and TP are accessed in the same way as CCR. When DP is specified, both EP and
DP are accessed, but when CCR, BR, DP, or TP is specified, only the specified register is
accessed.
CCR
Old SP
After execution
Old SP + 1
Old SP + 2
New SP – 2
Before execution
New SP – 1
New SP
a
b
CCR
b
61
3.5.9 Short-Format Instructions
The ADD, CMP, and MOV instructions have special short formats. Table 3-17 lists these short
formats together with the equivalent general formats.
The short formats are a byte shorter than the corresponding general formats, and most of them
execute one state faster.
Table 3-17 Short-Format Instructions and Equivalent General Formats
Short-Format Execution Equivalent General- Execution
Instruction Length States *2Format Instruction Length States *2
ADD:Q #xx,Rd *12 2 ADD:G #xx:8,Rd 3 3
CMP:E #xx:8,Rd 2 2 CMP:G.B #xx:8,Rd 3 3
CMP:I #xx:16,Rd 3 3 CMP:G.W #xx:16,Rd 4 4
MOV:E #xx:8,Rd 2 2 MOV:G.B #xx:8,Rd 3 3
MOV:I #xx:16,Rd 3 3 MOV:G.W #xx:16,Rd 4 4
MOV:L @aa:8,Rd 2 5 MOV:G @aa:8,Rd 3 5
MOV:S Rs,@aa:8 2 5 MOV:G Rs,@aa:8 3 5
MOV:F @(d:8,R6),Rd 2 5 MOV:G @(d:8,R6),Rd 3 5
MOV:F Rs,@(d:8,R6) 2 5 MOV:G Rs,@(d:8,R6) 3 5
Notes: *1 The ADD:Q instruction accepts other destination operands in addition to a general
register, but the immediate data value (#xx) is limited to ±1 or ±2.
*2 Number of execution states for access to on-chip memory.
3.6 Operating Modes
The CPU operates in one of two modes: the minimum mode or the maximum mode.
These modes are selected by the mode pins (MD2to MD0).
3.6.1 Minimum Mode
The minimum mode supports a maximum address space of 64 kbytes. The page registers are
ignored. Instructions that branch across page boundaries (PJMP, PJSR, PRTS, PRTD) are invalid.
62
3.6.2 Maximum Mode
In the maximum mode the page registers are valid, expanding the maximum address space to
1 Mbyte.
The address space is divided into 64-kbyte pages. The pages are separate; it is not possible to
move continuously across a page boundary.
It is possible to move from one page to another with branching instructions (PJMP, PJSR, PRTS,
PRTD). The TRAPA instruction and branches to interrupt-handling routines can also jump across
page boundaries. It is not necessary for a program to be contained in a single 64-kbyte page.
When data access crosses a page boundary, the program must rewrite the page register before it
can access the data in the next page.
For further information on the operating modes, see section 2, “MCU Operating Modes and
Address Space.”
3.7 Basic Operational Timing
3.7.1 Overview
The CPU operates on a system clock (ø) which is created by dividing an oscillator frequency
(fosc) by two. One period of the system clock is referred to as a “state.” The CPU accesses
memory in a cycle consisting of 2 or 3 states. The CPU uses different methods to access on-chip
memory, the on-chip register field, and external devices.
Access to On-Chip Memory (RAM, ROM): For maximum speed, access to on-chip memory
(RAM, ROM) is performed in two states, using a 16-bit-wide data bus.
Figure 3-6 shows the on-chip memory access cycle. Figure 3-7 indicates the pin states. The bus
control output signals go to the nonactive state during the access.
Access to On-Chip Register Field (Addresses H'FE80 to H'FFFF): The access cycle consists
of three states. The data bus is 8 bits wide.
Figure 3-8 shows the on-chip supporting module access cycle. Figure 3-9 indicates the pin states.
63
Access to External Devices: The access cycle consists of three states. The data bus is 8 bits
wide. Figure 3-10 (a) and (b) shows the external access cycle. Additional wait states (Tw) can be
inserted by the wait-state controller (WSC).
3.7.2 On-Chip Memory Access Cycle
T state
Memory cycle
1T state2
ø
Internal address bus
Internal Read signal
Internal data bus
(Read access)
Internal Write signal
Read data
Address
Write data
Internal data bus
(Write access)
Figure 3-6 On-Chip Memory Access Timing
64
3.7.3 Pin States during On-Chip Memory Access
T state1T state2
ø
A to A
R/W (write access)
19 0
AS, DS, RD, WR
D to D 7 0
R/W (read access)
“High”
High-impedance
Figure 3-7 Pin States during Access to On-Chip Memory
65
3.7.4 Register Field Access Cycle (Addresses H'FE80 to H'FFFF)
T state
Memory cycle
1T state2T state3
Address
Read data
ø
Internal address bus
Internal Read signal
Internal Write signal
Internal data bus
(write access)
Internal data bus
(read access)
Write data
Figure 3-8 Register Field Access Timing
66
3.7.5 Pin States during Register Field Access (Addresses H'FE80 to H'FFFF)
T state1T state2T state3
“High”
ø
A to A
R/W (read access)
19 0
AS, DS, RD, WR
D to D 7 0
R/W (write access)
High-impedance
Figure 3-9 Pin States during Register Field Access
67
3.7.6 External Access Cycle
Read cycle
T state
1T state2T state3
Address
R/W
D –D7 0
A –A19 0
ø
AS
WR
DS
RD
“High”
Read data
Figure 3-10 (a) External Access Cycle (Read Access)
68
3.8 CPU States
3.8.1 Overview
The CPU has five states: the program execution state, exception-handling state, bus-released
state, reset state, and power-down state. The power-down state is further divided into the sleep
mode, software standby mode, and hardware standby mode. Figure 3-11 summarizes these states,
and figure 3-12 shows a map of the state transitions.
Write cycle
T state
1T state2T state3
Address
Write data
“High”
R/W
D –D7 0
A –A19 0
ø
AS
WR
DS
RD
Figure 3-10 (b) External Access Cycle (Write Access)
69
State Program execution state
Exception-handling state
Bus-released state
Reset state
Power-down state
The CPU executes program instructions in sequence.
A transient state in which the CPU executes a hardware
sequence (saving the program counter and status register,
fetching a vector from the vector table, etc.) triggered by a reset,
interrupt, or other exception.
The state in which the CPU has released the external bus in
response to a bus request signal from an external device, and
is waiting for the bus to be returned.
The state in which the CPU and all on-chip supporting
modules have been initialized and are stopped.
A state in which some
or all of the clock
signals are stopped to
conserve power.
Sleep mode
Software standby mode
Hardware standby mode
Figure 3-11 Operating States
70
3.8.2 Program Execution State
In this state the CPU executes program instructions in normal sequence.
3.8.3 Exception-Handling State
The exception-handling state is a transient state that occurs when the CPU alters the normal
program flow due to an interrupt, trap instruction, address error, or other exception. In this state
the CPU carries out a hardware-controlled sequence that prepares it to execute a user-coded
exception-handling routine.
BREQ = 0
BREQ = 0
BREQ = 1
Bus-released state
End of
exception
handling
Request
for exception
handling
SLEEP
instruction
with standby
flag set
SLEEP
instruction
Interrupt request
NMI
Program execution state
Exception-handling
state
Sleep mode
Software standby mode
Hardware standby mode
Reset state *STBY = 1, RES = 0
*From any state except the hardware standby mode, a transition to the reset state occurs
whenever RES goes Low.
*A transition to the hardware standby mode from any state occurs when STBY goes Low.
BREQ = 1
RES = 1
1*2
1
2
Figure 3-12 State Transitions
71
In the hardware exception-handling sequence the CPU does the following:
1. Saves the program counter and status register (in minimum mode) or program counter, code
page register, and status register (in maximum mode) to the stack.
2. Clears the T bit in the status register to 0.
3. Fetches the start address of the exception-handling routine from the exception vector table.
4. Branches to that address, returning to the program execution state.
See section 4, “Exception Handling,” for further information on the exception-handling state.
3.8.4 Bus-Released State
When so requested, the CPU can grant control of the external bus to an external device. While an
external device has the bus right, the CPU is said to be in the bus-released state. The bus right is
controlled by two pins:
• BREQ: Input pin for the Bus Request signal from an external device
• BACK: Output pin for the Bus Request Acknowledge signal from the CPU, indicating that
the CPU has released the bus
The procedure by which the CPU enters and leaves the bus-released state is:
1. The CPU receives a Low BREQ signal from an external device.
2. The CPU places the address bus pins (A19 – A0), data bus pins (D7– D0) and bus control pins
(RD, WR, R/W, DS, and AS) in the high-impedance state, sets the BACK pin to the Low level
to indicate that it has released the bus, then halts.
3. The external device that requested the bus (with the BREQ signal) becomes the bus master. It
can use the data bus and address bus. The external device is responsible for manipulating the
bus control signals (RD, WR, R/W, DS, and AS).
4. When the external device finishes using the bus, it clears the BREQ signal to the High level.
The CPU then reassumes control of the bus and returns to the program execution state.
Bus Release Timing: The CPU can release the bus right at the following times:
1. The BREQ signal is sampled during every memory access cycle (instruction prefetch or data
read/write). If BREQ is Low, the CPU releases the bus right at the end of the cycle. (In
word data access to external memory or an address from H'FE80 to H'FFFF, the CPU does
not release the bus right until it has accessed both the upper and lower data bytes.)
2. During execution of the MULXU and DIVXU instructions, since considerable time may
pass without an instruction prefetch or data read/write, BREQ is also sampled at internal
machine cycles, and the bus right is released if BREQ is Low.
3. The bus right can also be released in the sleep mode.
The CPU does not recognize interrupts while the bus is released.
72
Timing Charts: Timing charts of the operation by which the bus is released are shown in
figure 3-13 for the case of bus release during an on-chip memory read cycle, in figure 3-14 for
bus release during an external memory read cycle, and in figure 3-15 for bus release while the
CPU is performing an internal operation.
RD, WR, R/W
DS, AS
D –D7 0
A –A19 0
ø
BREQ
BACK
On-chip memory
Access cycle Bus-right release cycle CPU cycle
T2T1T2TXTXTXTXT1* * *
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
Fig. 3-13
(1) The BREQ pin is sampled at the start of the T1state and the Low level is detected.
(2) At the end of the memory access cycle, the BACK pin goes Low and the CPU releases the bus.
(3) While the bus is released, the BREQ pin is sampled at each Tx state.
(4) A High level is detected at the BREQ pin.
(5) The BACK pin is returned to the High level, ending the bus-right release cycle.
*T1and T2: On-chip memory access states.
Tx : Bus-right released state.
Figure 3-13 Bus-Right Release Cycle (During On-Chip Memory Access Cycle)
73
RD, WR
R/W, DS
D –D
7 0
A –A19 0
ø
BREQ
BACK
(1) (2) (3) (4)
Fig. 3-14
Bus-right release cycle CPU cycleExternal access cycle
T1T2TWTXT3TXTXT1* *
(1) The BREQ pin is sampled at the start of the TWstate and the Low level is detected.
(2) At the end of the external access cycle, the BACK pin goes Low and the CPU releases the bus.
(3) The BREQ pin is sampled at the TXstate and a High level is detected.
(4) The BACK pin is returned to the High level, ending the bus-right release cycle.
*TW: Wait state.
TX: Bus-right released state.
Figure 3-14 Bus-Right Release Cycle (During External Access Cycle)
74
RD, WR
R/W, DS
D –D
7 0
A –A19 0
ø
BREQ
BACK
Bus-right release cycle CPU cycleCPU internal operation
TiTiTiTXTXT1** TXTi
(1) (2) (3) (4)
(1) The BREQ pin is sampled at the start of a TIstate and the Low level is detected.
(2) At the end of the internal operation cycle, the BACK pin goes Low and the CPU releases the bus.
(3) The BREQ pin is sampled at the TXstate and a High level is detected.
(4) The BACK pin is returned to the High level, ending the bus-right release cycle.
*TI: Internal CPU operation state.
TX: Bus-right released state.
Figure 3-15 Bus-Right Release Cycle (During Internal CPU Operation)
75
Notes: The BREQ signal must be held Low until BACK goes Low. If BREQ returns to the High
level before BACK goes Low, the bus release operation may be executed incorrectly.
To leave the bus-released state, the High level at the BREQ pin must be sampled two times. If
BREQ returns to Low before it is sampled two times, the bus released cycle will not end.
The bus release operation is enabled only when the BRLE bit in the port 1 control register (P1CR)
is set to 1. When this bit is cleared to 0 (its initial value), the BREQ and BACK pins are used for
general-purpose input and output, as P13and P12.
An instruction that sets the BRLE bit is: BSET.B #3, @H'FEFC
Note the following point when using the bus release function.
If the BREQ signal is asserted and an interrupt is requested simultaneously during execution of
the SLEEP instruction, the BACK signal may fail to be output even though the CPU has released
the bus. This may cause the system to stop for the interval during which BREQ is asserted, with
no device in control of the bus. The interrupts that can cause this state include NMI, IRQ, and all
the interrupts from on-chip supporting modules. When the BREQ signal is deasserted, ending this
state, the CPU takes control of the bus again and resumes normal instruction execution.
The following methods can be used to avoid entering this state.
Method 1: If the BREQ signal is used, do not use the SLEEP instruction.
Method 2: Disable the BREQ signal during execution of the SLEEP instruction. This can be
done by clearing the bus release enable bit (BRLE) in the port 1 control register (P1CR) to 0
immediately before executing the SLEEP instruction. (When the BRLE bit is cleared, low inputs
on the BREQ line are not latched on-chip.) Place instructions to set the BRLE bit to 1 at the
beginning of interrupt-handling routines. If the data transfer controller (DTC) is used, place an
instruction to set the BRLE bit immediately after the SLEEP instruction.
If method 2 is used, BREQ inputs will be ignored while the chip is in sleep mode.
(Coding example)
Main Program Interrupt-Handling Routine
BSET.B #3, @SYSCR1
BCLR.B #3, @SYSCR1
SLEEP
BSET.B #3, @SYSCR1 RTE
76
3.8.5 Reset State
In the reset state, the CPU and all on-chip supporting modules are initialized and placed in the
stopped state. The CPU enters the reset state whenever the RES pin goes Low, unless the CPU is
currently in the hardware standby mode. It remains in the reset state until the RES pin goes High.
See section 4.2, “Reset,” for further information on the reset state.
3.8.6 Power-Down State
The power-down state comprises three modes: the sleep mode, the software standby mode, and
the hardware standby mode.
See section 18, “Power-Down State,” for further information.
77
3.9 Programming Notes
3.9.1 Restriction on Address Location
The following restriction applies when instructions are located in on-chip RAM.
• Restriction
Instruction execution cannot proceed continuously from an external address to on-chip RAM.
• Solution
To execute instructions located in on-chip RAM, use a branch instruction (examples: Bcc, JMP,
etc.) to branch to the first instruction located in on-chip RAM. Do not place instruction code in
the last three bytes of external memory (H'F67D to H'F67F).
H'F67A
H'F67B
H'F67C
H'F67D
H'F67E
H'F67F
H'F680
H'F681
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
NOP
BRA
disp
NOP
NOP
Not
executable
Do not
place
instruction
code here
Branch
H'F67A
H'F67B
H'F67C
H'F67D
H'F67E
H'F67F
H'F680
H'F681
Execution Disabled Execution Enabled
78
Section 4 Exception Handling
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 Types of Exception Handling and Their Priority
As indicated in table 4-1 (a) and (b), exception handling can be initiated by a reset, address error,
trace, interrupt, or instruction. An instruction initiates exception handling if the instruction is an
invalid instruction, a trap instruction, or a DIVXU instruction with zero divisor. Exception
handling begins with a hardware exception-handling sequence which prepares for the execution of
a user-coded software exception-handling routine.
There is a priority order among the different types of exceptions, as shown in table 4-1 (a). If two
or more exceptions occur simultaneously, they are handled in their order of priority. An
instruction exception cannot occur simultaneously with other types of exceptions.
Table 4-1 (a) Exceptions and Their Priority
Exception Start of Exception-
Priority Type Source Detection Timing Handling Sequence
High Reset External, RES Low-to-High transition Immediately
internal
Address error Internal Instruction fetch or data End of instruction execution
read/write bus cycle
Trace Internal End of instruction execution, End of instruction execution
if T = 1 in status register
Interrupt External, End of instruction execution or End of instruction execution
internal end of exception-handling
Low sequence
Table 4-1 (b) Instruction Exceptions
Exception Type Start of Exception-Handling Sequence
Invalid instruction Attempted execution of instruction with undefined code
Trap instruction Started by execution of trap instruction
Zero divide Attempted execution of DIVXU instruction with zero divisor
79
4.1.2 Hardware Exception-Handling Sequence
The hardware exception-handling sequence varies depending on the type of exception. When
exception handling is initiated by a factor other than a reset, the CPU:
1. Saves the program counter and status register (in minimum mode) or program counter, code
page register, and status register (in maximum mode) to the stack.
2. Clears the T bit in the status register to 0.
3. Fetches the start address of the exception-handling routine from the exception vector table.
4. Branches to that address.
For an interrupt, the CPU also alters the interrupt mask level in bits I2 to I0 of the status register.
For a reset, step 1 is omitted. See section 4.2, “Reset”, for the full reset sequence.
4.1.3 Exception Factors and Vector Table
The factors that initiate exception handling can be classified as shown in figure 4-1.
The starting addresses of the exception-handling routines for each factor are contained in an
exception vector table located in the low addresses of page 0. The vector addresses are listed in
table 4-2. Note that there are different addresses for the minimum and maximum modes.
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Exception
• Reset
• Interrupt
• Address error
• Instruction
• Trace
External
interrupt
Internal
interrupt
Invalid instruction
Zero divide
TRAPA instruction
TRAP/VS instruction
NMI
IRQ0
IRQ1to IRQ5
Internal interrupt requested by on-
chip module
Figure 4-1 Types of Factors Causing Exception Handling
81
Table 4-2 Exception Vector Table
Vector Address
Type of Exception Minimum Mode Maximum Mode *1
Reset (initialize PC) H'0000 to H'0001 H'0000 to H'0003
— (Reserved for system) H'0002 to H'0003 H'0004 to H'0007
Invalid instruction H'0004 to H'0005 H'0008 to H'000B
DIVXU instruction (zero divide) H'0006 to H'0007 H'000C to H'000F
TRAP/VS instruction H'0008 to H'0009 H'0010 to H'0013
H'000A to H'000B H'0014 to H'0017
— (Reserved for system) to to
H'000E to H'000F H'001C to H'001F
Address error H'0010 to H'0011 H'0020 to H'0023
Trace H'0012 to H'0013 H'0024 to H'0027
— (Reserved for system) H'0014 to H'0015 H'0028 to H'002B
Nonmaskable external interrupt (NMI) H'0016 to H'0017 H'002C to H'002F
H'0018 to H'0019 H'0030 to H'0033
— (Reserved for system) to to
H'001E to H'001F H'003C to H'003F
TRAPA instruction (16 vectors) H'0020 to H'0021 H'0040 to H'0043
to to
H'003E to H'003F H'007C to H'007F
External interrupts IRQ0H'0040 to H'0041 H'0080 to H'0083
IRQ1H'0048 to H'0049 H'0090 to H'0093
IRQ2H'0050 to H'0051 H'00A0 to H'00A3
IRQ3H'0052 to H'0053 H'00A4 to H'00A7
IRQ4H'0058 to H'0059 H'00B0 to H'00B3
IRQ5H'005A to H'005B H'00B4 to H'00B7
Internal interrupts *2H'0060 to H'0061 H'00C0 to H'00C3
to to
H'0098 to H'0099 H'0130 to H'0133
Notes: * 1. The exception vector table is located at the beginning of page 0.
* 2. For details of the internal interrupt vectors, see table 5-2.
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4.2 Reset
4.2.1 Overview
A reset has the highest exception-handling priority.
When the RES pin goes Low, all current processing is halted and the H8/534 or H8/536 chip
enters the reset state.
A reset initializes the internal status of the CPU and the registers of the on-chip supporting
modules and I/O ports. It does not initialize the on-chip RAM.
When the RES pin returns from Low to High, the chip comes out of the reset state and begins
executing the hardware reset sequence.
4.2.2 Reset Sequence
The Reset signal is detected when the RES pin goes Low.
To ensure that the H8/534 or H8/536 is reset, the RES pin should be held Low for at least 20 ms at
power-up. To reset the H8/534 or H8/536 during operation, the RES pin should be held Low for
at least 6 system clock cycles. See table D-1, “Status of Ports” in appendix D for the status of
other pins in the reset state.
When the RES pin returns to the High state after being held Low for the necessary time, the
hardware reset exception-handling sequence begins, during which:
1. In the status register (SR), the T bit is cleared to disable the trace mode, and the interrupt mask
level (bits I2 to I0) is set to 7. A reset disables all interrupts, including NMI.
2. The CPU loads the reset start address from the vector table into the program counter and begins
executing the program at that address.
The contents of the vector table differs between minimum mode and maximum mode as indicated
in figure 4-2. This affects step 3 as follows:
Minimum Mode: One word is copied from addresses H'0000 and H'0001 in the vector table to
the program counter. Program execution then begins from the address in the program counter
(PC).
83
Maximum Mode: Two words are read from addresses H'0000 to H'0003 in the vector table. The
byte in address H'0000 is ignored. The byte in address H'0001 is copied to the code page register
(CP). The contents of addresses H'0002 and H'0003 are copied to the program counter. Program
execution starts from the address indicated by the code page register and program counter.
Figure 4-3 shows the timing of the reset sequence in minimum mode. Figure 4-4 shows the
timing of the reset sequence in maximum mode.
4.2.3 Stack Pointer Initialization
The hardware reset sequence does not initialize the stack pointer, so this must be done by
software. If an interrupt were to be accepted after a reset and before the stack pointer (SP) is
initialized, the program counter and status register would not be saved correctly, causing a
program crash. This danger can be avoided by coding the reset routine as explained next.
When the chip comes out of the reset state all interrupts, including NMI, are disabled, so the
instruction at the reset start address is always executed. In the minimum mode, this instruction
should initialize the stack pointer (SP). In the maximum mode, this instruction should be an LDC
instruction initializing the stack page register (TP), and the next instruction should initialize the
stack pointer. Execution of the LDC instruction disables interrupts again, ensuring that the stack
pointer initializing instruction is executed.
H’0000 PC (Upper)
H’0001 PC (Lower)
(1) Minimum mode
H’0000 Don’t care
H’0001 CP
(2) Maximum mode
H’0002 PC (Upper)
H’0003 PC (Lower)
Fig. 4-2
Figure 4-2 Reset Vector
84
ø
RES
Internal
address
bus
Internal data
bus (16 bits)
Internal
Read
signal
Internal
Write
signal
(1)
(2)
Vector
address (3)
Instruction
execution
cycle
Prefetch first
instruction
of program
Reset
vector
Internal processing cycleMinimum 6 states
(1) Instruction prefetch address
(2) Operation code (3) Program start address
(4) First instruction of program
Note: This timing chart applies to the minimum mode when the program and stack areas are both in on-chip memory and the program starts at an even address.
Vector (4)
Figure 4-3 Reset Sequence (Minimum Mode, On-Chip Memory)
85
(1)
Vector
address Vector
address + 1
Vector
address + 2 Vector
address + 3
(2)
Internal processing
cycle
Note: This diagram applies to maximum mode when the program area and vector table are both in external memory.
After a reset, the wait-state controller inserts three wait states in each bus cycle.
(1) Program start address
(2) First instruction of program
Reset vector Prefetch first instruction of program Instruction
execution
cycle
ø
RES
RD
LWR, HWR
D to D15 0
A to A23 0
don’t
care Vector
CP Vector
PC Vector
PC
H L
Read signal
Write signal
Figure 4-4 Reset Sequence (Maximum Mode, External Memory)
86
4.3 Address Error
There are three causes of address errors:
• Illegal instruction prefetch
• Word data access at odd address
• Off-chip access in single-chip mode
An address error initiates the address error exception-handling sequence. This sequence clears the
T bit of the status register to 0 to disable the trace mode, but does not affect the interrupt mask
level in bits I2 to I0.
4.3.1 Illegal Instruction Prefetch
An attempt to prefetch an instruction from the register field in memory addresses H'FE80 to
H'FFFF causes an address error regardless of the MCU operating mode.
Handling of this address error begins when the prefetch cycle that caused the error has been
completed and execution of the current instruction has also been completed. The program counter
value pushed on the stack is the address of the instruction immediately following the last
instruction executed.
Program code should not be located in addresses H'FE7D to H'FE7F. If the CPU executes an
instruction in these addresses, it will attempt to prefetch the next instruction from the register
field, causing an address error.
4.3.2 Word Data Access at Odd Address
If an attempt is made to access word data starting at an odd address, an address error occurs
regardless of the MCU operating mode. The program counter value pushed on the stack in the
handling of this error is the address of the next instruction (or next but one) after the instruction
that attempted the illegal word access.
4.3.3 Off-Chip Address Access in Single-Chip Mode
In the single-chip mode there is no external memory, so in addition to the address errors described
above, the following two types of address errors can occur.
Access to Addresses H'8000 to H'F67F(H8/534): These addresses exist neither in on-chip ROM
or RAM nor in the on-chip register field, so an address error occurs if they are accessed for any
purpose: for instruction prefetch, byte data access, or word data access.
Program code should not be located in the last three bytes of on-chip ROM (addresses H'7FFD to
87
H'7FFF). If the CPU excutes an instruction in these addresses, it will attempt to prefetch the next
instruction from addresses H'8000 to H'8002, causing an address error.
Access to Disabled RAM Area: The on-chip RAM area (H'F680 to H'FE7F) can be disabled by
clearing the RAME bit in the RAM control register (RAMCR). If any form of RAM access is
attempted in this state in the single-chip mode, an address error occurs.
4.4 Trace
When the T bit of the status register is set to 1, the CPU operates in trace mode. A trace exception
occurs at the completion of each instruction. The trace mode can be used to execute a program for
debugging by a debugger.
In the trace exception sequence the T bit of the status register is cleared to 0 to disable the trace
mode while the trace routine is executing. The interrupt mask level in bits I2 to I0 is not changed.
Interrupts are accepted as usual during the trace routine.
In the status-register data saved on the stack, the T bit is set to 1. When the trace routine returns
with the RTE instruction, the status register is popped from the stack and the trace mode resumes.
If an address error occurs during execution of the first instruction after the return from the trace
routine, since the address error has higher priority, the address error exception-handling sequence
is initiated, clearing the T bit in the status register to 0 and making it impossible to trace this
instruction.
4.5 Interrupts
Interrupts can be requested from seven external sources (NMI, IRQ0, and IRQ1to IRQ5) and eight
on-chip supporting modules: the 16-bit free-running timers (FRT1 to FRT3), the 8-bit timer, the
serial communication interfaces (SCI1 and SCI2), the A/D converter, and the watchdog timer
(WDT). The on-chip interrupt sources can request a total of nineteen different types of interrupts,
each having its own interrupt vector. Figure 4-5 lists the interrupt sources and the number of
different interrupts from each source.
Each interrupt source has a priority. NMI interrupts have the highest priority, and are normally
accepted unconditionally. The priorities of the other interrupt sources are set in control registers
(IPR A to D) in the register field at the high end of page 0 and can be changed by software.
Priority levels range from 0 (low) to 7 (high), with NMI considered to be on level 8. IRQ0and
IRQ1can be prioritized individually. IRQ2and IRQ3are prioritized as a pair. IRQ4and IRQ5are
also prioritized as a pair. The on-chip supporting modules are prioritized as modules.
88
The on-chip interrupt controller decides whether an interrupt can be accepted by comparing its
priority with the interrupt mask level, and determines the order in which to accept competing
interrupt requests. Interrupts that are not accepted immediately remain pending until they can be
accepted later.
When it accepts an interrupt, the interrupt controller also decides whether to interrupt the CPU or
start the on-chip data transfer controller (DTC). This decision is controlled by bits set in four data
transfer enable registers (DTEA to DTEF) in the register field. The DTC is started if the
corresponding bit in DTEA to DTEF is set to 1; otherwise a CPU interrupt is generated. DTC
interrupts provide an efficient way to send and receive blocks of data via the serial communication
interface, or to transfer data between memory and I/O without detailed CPU programming. The
CPU stops while the DTC is operating. DTC interrupts are described in section 6, “Data Transfer
Controller.”
The hardware exception-handling sequence for a CPU interrupt clears the T bit in the status register to
0 and sets the interrupt mask level in bits I2 to I0 to the level of the interrupt it has accepted. This
prevents the interrupt-handling routine from being interrupted except by a higher-level interrupt. The
previous interrupt mask level is restored on the return from the interrupt-handling routine.
For further information on interrupts, see section 5, “Interrupt Controller.”
89
Interrupt
sources
Internal
interrupts
NMI (1)
IRQ0(1)
IRQ1to IRQ5(5)
16-Bit FRT1 (4)
16-Bit FRT2 (4)
16-Bit FRT3 (4)
8-Bit timer (3)
SCI (3)
A/D converter (1)
WDT*(1)
NMI: NonMaskable Interrupt
IRQ: Interrupt Request
FRT: Free-Running Timer
SCI: Serial Communication Interface
WDT: WatchDog Timer
*When the watchdog timer is used in interval timer mode, and interrupt is requested at
each counter overflow.
External
interrupts
Figure 4-5 Interrupt Sources (and Number of Interrupt Types)
90
4.6 Invalid Instruction
An invalid instruction exception occurs if an attempt is made to execute an instruction with an
undefined operation code or illegal addressing mode specification. The program counter value
pushed on the stack is the value of the program counter when the invalid instruction code was
detected.
In the invalid instruction exception-handling sequence the T bit of the status register is cleared to
0, but the interrupt mask level (I2 to I0) is not affected.
4.7 Trap Instructions and Zero Divide
A trap exception occurs when the TRAPA or TRAP/VS instruction is executed. A zero divide
exception occurs if an attempt is made to execute a DIVXU instruction with a zero divisor.
In the exception-handling sequences for these exceptions the T bit of the status register is cleared
to 0, but the interrupt mask level (I2 to I0) is not affected. If a normal interrupt is requested while
a trap or zero-divide instruction is being executed, after the trap or zero-divide exception-handling
sequence, the normal interrupt exception-handling sequence is carried out.
TRAPA Instruction: The TRAPA instruction always causes a trap exception. The TRAPA
instruction includes a vector number from 0 to 15, allowing the user to provide up to sixteen
different trap-handling routines.
TRAP/VS Instruction: When the TRAP/VS instruction is executed, a trap exception occurs if
the overflow (V) bit in the condition code register is set to 1. If the V bit is cleared to 0, no
exception occurs and the next instruction is executed.
DIVXU Instruction with Zero Divisor: An exception occurs if an attempt is made to divide
by zero in a DIVXU instruction.
4.8 Cases in Which Exception Handling is Deferred
In the cases described next, the address error exception, trace exception, external interrupt (NMI,
IRQ0, and IRQ1to IRQ5) requests, and internal interrupt requests (23 types) are not accepted
immediately but are deferred until after the next instruction has been executed.
4.8.1 Instructions that Disable Interrupts
Interrupts are disabled immediately after the execution of five instructions: XORC, ORC, ANDC,
LDC, and RTE.
Suppose that an internal interrupt is requested and the interrupt controller, after checking the
interrupt priority and interrupt mask level, notifies the CPU of the interrupt, but the CPU is
91
currently executing one of the five instructions listed above. After executing this instruction the
CPU always proceeds to the next instruction. (And if the next instruction is one of these five, the
CPU also proceeds to the next instruction after that.) The exception-handling sequence starts after
the next instruction that is not one of these five has been executed. The following is an example:
(Example)
4.8.2 Disabling of Exceptions Immediately after a Reset
If an interrupt is accepted after a reset and before the stack pointer (SP) is initialized, the program
counter and status register will not be saved correctly, leading to a program crash. To prevent this,
when the chip comes out of the reset state all interrupts, including the NMI, are disabled, so the
first instruction of the reset routine is always executed. As noted earlier, in the minimum mode,
this instruction should initialize the stack pointer (SP). In the maximum mode, the first instruction
should be an LDC instruction that initializes the stack page register (TP); the next instruction
should initialize the stack pointer.
4.8.3 Disabling of Interrupts after a Data Transfer Cycle
If an interrupt starts the data transfer controller and another interrupt is requested during the data
transfer cycle, when the data transfer cycle ends, the CPU always executes the next instruction
before handling the second interrupt.
Even if a nonmaskable interrupt (NMI) occurs during a data transfer cycle, it is not accepted until
the next instruction has been executed. An example of this is shown below.
LDC.B #H'00,TP
MOV.B #H'00,@WCR
Program flow
←Interrupt controller notifies CPU of interrupt
To exception-handling sequence
MOV.W #H'FE80,SP CPU executes the instruction next to LDC before
starting exception handling
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
92
4.9 Stack Status after Completion of Exception Handling
The status of the stack after an exception-handling sequence is described below.
Table 4-3 shows the stack after completion of the exception-handling sequence for various types
of exceptions in the minimum and maximum modes.
Table 4-3 Stack after Exception Handling Sequence
Note: The RTE instruction returns to the next instruction after the instruction being executed when
the exception occurred.
←DTC interrupt request
MOV.W R0,@H'FE00
Program flow
To NMI exception-handling sequence
NMI interrupt
After data transfer cycle, CPU
executes next instruction before
branching to exception handling
ADD.W R2,R0
MOV.W #H'FE02,R0
Data transfer cycle
(Example)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Exception Factor Minimum Mode Maximum Mode
Trace
Interrupt
Trap
Zero divide
(DIVXU)
SP
Table 4-3
SR (upper byte) TP:SP SR (upper byte)
SR (lower byte) SR (lower byte)
Next instruction address (upper byte) Don’t-care
Next instruction address (lower byte) Next instruction page (8 bits)
Next instruction address (upper byte)
Next instruction address (lower byte)
93
Table 4-3 Stack after Exception Handling Sequence (cont)
Note: The program counter value pushed on the stack is not necessarily the address of the first
byte of the invalid instruction.
Note: The program counter value pushed on the stack is the address of the next instruction after
the last instruction successfully executed.
Exception Factor Minimum Mode Maximum Mode
Invalid
instruction
SP
Table 4-3(cont)
SR (upper byte) TP:SP SR (upper byte)
SR (lower byte) SR (lower byte)
PC when error occurred (upper byte) Don’t-care
PC when error occurred (lower byte) CP when error occurred (8 bits)
PC when error occurred (upper byte)
PC when error occurred (lower byte)
Address
error
SP
Table 4-3(cont)
SR (upper byte) TP:SP SR (upper byte)
SR (lower byte) SR (lower byte)
PC when error occurred (upper byte) Don’t-care
PC when error occurred (lower byte) CP when error occurred (8 bits)
PC when error occurred (upper byte)
PC when error occurred (lower byte)
94
4.9.1 PC Value Pushed on Stack for Trace, Interrupts, Trap Instructions, and Zero Divide
Exceptions
The program counter value pushed on the stack for a trace, interrupt, trap, or zero divide exception
is the address of the next instruction at the time when the interrupt was accepted. The RTE
instruction accordingly returns to the next instruction after the instruction executed before the
exception-handling sequence.
4.9.2 PC Value Pushed on Stack for Address Error and Invalid Instruction Exceptions
The program counter value pushed on the stack for an address error or invalid instruction
exception differs depending on the conditions when the exception occurred.
4.10 Notes on Use of the Stack
If the stack pointer is set to an odd address, an address error will occur when the stack is accessed
during interrupt handling or for a subroutine call. The stack pointer should always point to an
even address. To keep the stack pointer pointing to an even address, a program should use word
data size when saving or restoring registers to and from the stack.
In the @–SP or @SP+ addressing mode, the CPU performs word access even if the instruction
specifies byte size. (This is not true in the @–Rn and @Rn+ addressing modes when Rn is a
register from R0 to R6.)
95
Section 5 Interrupt Controller
5.1 Overview
The interrupt controller decides which interrupts to accept, and how to deal with multiple
interrupts. It also decides whether an interrupt should be served by the CPU or by the data
transfer controller (DTC). This section explains the features of the interrupt controller, describes
its internal structure and control registers, and details the handling of interrupts.
For detailed information on the data transfer controller, see section 6, “Data Transfer Controller.”
5.1.1 Features
Three main features of the interrupt controller are:
• Interrupt priorities are user-programmable.
User programs can set priority levels from 7 (high) to 0 (low) in six interrupt priority (IPR)
registers for IRQ0, IRQ1to IRQ5, and each of the on-chip supporting modules—for every
interrupt, that is, except the nonmaskable interrupt (NMI). NMI has the highest priority level
(8) and is normally always accepted. An interrupt with priority level 0 is always masked.
• Multiple interrupts on the same level are served in a default priority order.
Lower-priority interrupts remain pending until higher-priority interrupts have been handled.
• For most interrupts, software can select whether to have the interrupt served by the CPU or the
on-chip data transfer controller (DTC).
User programs can make this selection by setting and clearing bits in four data transfer enable
(DTE) registers. The data transfer controller can be started by any interrupts except NMI, the
error interrupt (ERI) from the on-chip serial communication interface, and the overflow
interrupts (FOVI and OVI) from the on-chip timers.
97
5.1.2 Block Diagram
Figure 5-1 shows the block configuration of the interrupt controller.
IRQ
NMI
FRT1
FRT2
FRT3
8 bit timer
SCI
A/D converter
Interrupt
request
signals
from
modules
Interrupt controller
NMI
request
Interrupt
request
DTC
request
Com-
parator
DTEA to DTEF
2SR (CPU)
FRT:
SCI:
SR:
IPRA to IPRF:
DTEA to DTEF:
16 Bits Free Running Timer
Serial Communication Interface
Status Register
Interrupt Priority Register
Data Transfer Enable Register
IRQ /interval timer0
1
IRQ /IRQ2 3
IRQ /IRQ4 5
Priority decision
IPRA to IPRF
I1I0I
Figure 5-1 Interrupt Controller Block Diagram
98
5.1.3 Register Configuration
The six interrupt priority registers (IPRA to IPRF) and six data transfer enable registers (DTEA to
DTEF) are 8-bit registers located at addresses H'FF00 to H'FF0D in the register field in page 0 of
the address space. Table 5-1 lists their attributes.
Table 5-1 Interrupt Controller Registers
See section 6.2.5, “Data Transfer Enable Registers A to F” for further information about DTEA to
DTEF.
5.2 Interrupt Types
There are 30 distinct types of interrupts: 7 external interrupts originating off-chip and 23 internal
interrupts originating in the on-chip supporting modules.
5.2.1 External Interrupts
The seven external interrupts are NMI, IRQ0, and IRQ1to IRQ5.
NMI (NonMaskable Interrupt): This interrupt has the highest priority level (8) and cannot be
masked. An NMI is generated by input to the NMI pin, and can also be generated by a watchdog
timer (WDT) overflow. The input at the NMI pin is edge-sensed. A user program can select
whether to have the interrupt occur on the rising edge or falling edge of the NMI input by setting
or clearing the nonmaskable interrupt edge bit (NMIEG) in system control register 1 (SYSCR1).
In the NMI exception-handling sequence, the T (Trace) bit in the CPU status register (SR) is
cleared to "0," and the interrupt mask level in I2 to I0 is set to 7, masking all other interrupts. The
interrupt controller holds the NMI request until the NMI exception-handling sequence begins,
Name Abbreviation Read/Write Address Initial Value
Interrupt A IPRA R/W H'FF00 H'00
priority B IPRB R/W H'FF01 H'00
register C IPRC R/W H'FF02 H'00
D IPRD R/W H'FF03 H'00
E IPRE R/W H'FF04 H'00
F IPRF R/W H'FF05 H'00
Data transfer A DTEA R/W H'FF08 H'00
enable B DTEB R/W H'FF09 H'00
register C DTEC R/W H'FF0A H'00
D DTED R/W H'FF0B H'00
E DTEE R/W H'FF0C H'00
F DTEF R/W H'FF0D H'00
99
then clears the NMI request, so if another interrupt is requested at the NMI pin during the NMI
exception-handling sequence, the NMI exception-handling sequence will be carried out again.
Coding Examples:
To select the rising edge of the NMI input:
BSET.B #4, @H'FEFC
To select the falling edge of the NMI input: BCLR.B #4, @H'FEFC
IRQ0 (Interrupt Request 0): An IRQ0interrupt can be requested by a Low input to the IRQ0
pin. A Low IRQ0input requests an IRQ0interrupt if the interrupt request enable 0 bit (IRQ0E) in
SYSCR1 is set to 1. IRQ0must be held Low until the CPU accepts the interrupt. Otherwise the
request will be ignored.
The IRQ0interrupt can be assigned any priority level from 7 to 0 by setting the corresponding
value in the upper four bits of IPRA. If bit 4 of data transfer enable register A (DTEA) is set to 1,
an IRQ0interrupt starts the data transfer controller. Otherwise the interrupt is served by the CPU.
In the CPU interrupt-handling sequence for IRQ0, the T bit of the status register is cleared to 0,
and the interrupt mask level is set to the value in the upper four bits of IPRA.
Coding Examples:
To enable IRQ0to be requested by IRQ0input: BSET.B #5, @H'FEFC
To assign priority level 7 to IRQ0:OR.B #70, @H'FF00
To have IRQ0start the DTC: BSET.B #4, @H'FF08
IRQ1to IRQ5(Interrupt Request 1 to 5): An IRQ1to IRQ5interrupt is requested by a High-to-
Low transition at the IRQ1to IRQ5pin. The IRQ1interrupt is enabled only when the interrupt
request enable 1 bit (IRQ1E) in SYSCR1 is set to 1. IRQ2to IRQ5are controlled by bits IRQ2E to
IRQ5E in SYSCR2. (see section 9.7, “Port 6.”)
Interrupts IRQ1to IRQ5can be assigned any priority level from 7 (high) to 0 (low) by setting the
corresponding value in IPRA and IPRB. The lower four bits of IPRA determine the priority of
IRQ1. The upper four bits of IPRB determine the priority of IRQ2and IRQ3. The lower four bits
of IPRB determine the priority of IRQ4and IRQ5. Interrupt requests IRQ1to IRQ5are held in the
interrupt controller and cleared during the corresponding interrupt exception-handling sequence.
Contention among IRQ1to IRQ5is resolved when the CPU accepts the interrupt by taking the
interrupt with the highest priority first and holding lower-priority interrupts pending. (Contention
between IRQ2and IRQ3, or between IRQ4and IRQ5, is resolved by the priority order shown in
table 5-2.)
100
During the interrupt-handling routine, if the same external interrupt is requested again the request
is held, but the exception-handling sequence is not carried out immediately because the interrupt
is masked by bits I2 to I0 in the status register. On return from the interrupt-handling routine one
more instruction is executed, then the pending exception-handling sequence is carried out.
Interrupts IRQ1to IRQ5are served by the CPU or DTC depending on DTEA bit 0 and DTEB bits
0, 1, 4, and 5.
In the CPU interrupt exception-handling sequence for IRQ1to IRQ5, the T bit of the CPU status
register is cleared to 0, and the interrupt mask level is set to the value in IPRA or IPRB.
Coding Examples:
To enable IRQ1to be requested by IRQ1input: BSET.B #6, @H'FEFC
To assign priority level 7 to IRQ0and level 5 to IRQ1:MOV.B #75, @H'FF00
To have IRQ1start the DTC: BSET.B #0, @H'FF08
5.2.2 Internal Interrupts
Twenty-three types of internal interrupts can be requested by the on-chip supporting modules.
Each interrupt is separately vectored in the exception vector table, so it is not necessary for the
user-coded interrupt handler routine to determine which type of interrupt has occurred.
Each of the internal interrupts can be enabled or disabled by setting or clearing an enable bit in the
control register of the on-chip supporting module.
An interrupt priority level from 7 to 0 can be assigned to each on-chip supporting module by
setting interrupt priority registers C to F. Within each module, different interrupts have a fixed
priority order. For most of these interrupts, values set in data transfer enable registers C to F can
select whether to have the interrupt served by the CPU or the data transfer controller.
In the CPU interrupt-handling sequence, the T bit of the CPU status register is cleared to 0, and
the interrupt mask level in bits I2 to I0 is set to the value in the IPR. Unlike external interrupt
requests, internal interrupt requests are not held in the interrupt controller, so the bits that generate
internal interrupts must be cleared by software.
101
5.2.3 Interrupt Vector Table
Table 5-2 lists the addresses of the exception vector table entries for each interrupt, and explains
how their priority is determined. For the on-chip supporting modules, the priority level set in the
interrupt priority register applies to the module as a whole: all interrupts from that module have
the same priority level. A separate priority order is established among interrupts from the same
module. If the same priority level is assigned to two or more modules and two interrupts are
requested simultaneously from these modules, they are served in the priority order indicated in the
rightmost column in table 5-2.
A reset clears the interrupt priority registers so that all interrupts except NMI start with priority
level 0, meaning that they are unconditionally masked.
102
Table 5-2 Interrupts, Vectors, and Priorities
*If two or more interrupts are requested simultaneously, they are handled in order of priority level,
as set in registers IPRA to IPRF. If they have the same priority level because they are requested
from the same on-chip supporting module, they are handled in a fixed priority order within the
module. If they are requested from different modules to which the same priority level is
assigned, they are handled in the order indicated in the right-hand column.
Assignable Priority
Priority Vector Table among
Levels Priority Entry Address Interrupts
(Initial IPR within Minimum Maximum on Same
Interrupt Level) Bits Module Mode Mode Level*
NMI 8(8) — — H'16 - H'17 H'2C - H'2F High
IRQ07 to 0 IPRA 1 H'40 - H'41 H'80 - H'83
Interval timer (0) bits 6 to 4 0 H'42 - H'43 H'84 - H'87
IRQ17 to 0 IPRA — H'48 - H'49 H'90 - H'93
(0) bits 2 to 0
IRQ27 to 0 IPRB 1 H'50 - H'51 H'A0 - H'A3
IRQ3(0) bits 6 to 4 0 H'52 - H'53 H'A4 - H'A7
IRQ47 to 0 IPRB 1 H'58 - H'59 H'B0 - H'B3
IRQ5(0) bits 2 to 0 0 H'5A - H'5B H'B4 - H'B7
FRT1 ICI 7 to 0 IPRC 3 H'60 - H'61 H'C0 - H'C3
OCIA (0) bits 6 to 4 2 H'62 - H'63 H'C4 - H'C7
OCIB 1 H'64 - H'65 H'C8 - H'CB
FOVI 0 H'66 - H'67 H'CC - H'CF
FRT2 ICI 7 to 0 IPRC 3 H'68 - H'69 H'D0 - H'D3
OCIA (0) bits 2 to 0 2 H'6A - H'6B H'D4 - H'D7
OCIB 1 H'6C - H'6D H'D8 - H'DB
FOVI 0 H'6E - H'6F H'DC - H'DF
FRT3 ICI 7 to 0 IPRD 3 H'70 - H'71 H'E0 - H'E3
OCIA (0) bits 6 to 4 2 H'72 - H'73 H'E4 - H'E7
OCIB 1 H'74 - H'75 H'E8 - H'EB
FOVI 0 H'76 - H'77 H'EC - H'EF
8-bit CMIA 7 to 0 IPRD 2 H'78 - H'79 H'F0 - H'F3
timer CMIB (0) bits 2 to 0 1 H'7A - H'7B H'F4 - H'F7
OVI 0 H'7C - H'7D H'F8 - H'FB
SCI1 ERI 7 to 0 IPRE 2 H'80 - H'81 H'100 - H'103
RXI (0) bits 6 to 4 1 H'82 - H'83 H'104 - H'107
TXI 0 H'84 - H'85 H'108 - H'10B
SCI2 ERI 7 to 0 IPRE 2 H'88 - H'89 H'110 - H'113
RXI (0) bits 2 to 0 1 H'8A - H'8B H'114 - H'117
TXI 0 H'8C - H'8D H'118 - H'11B
A/D ADI 7 to 0 IPRF — H'90 - H'91 H'120 - H'123
converter (0) bits 6 to 4 Low
103
5.3 Register Descriptions
5.3.1 Interrupt Priority Registers A to F (IPRA to IPRF)
IRQ0, IRQ1to IRQ5, and the on-chip supporting modules are each assigned three bits in one of
the six interrupt priority registers (IPRA to IPRF). These bits specify a priority level from 7
(high) to 0 (low) for interrupts from the corresponding source. The drawing below shows the
configuration of the interrupt priority registers. Table 5-3 lists their assignments to interrupt
sources.
Note: Bits 7 and 3 are reserved. They cannot be modified and are always read as 0.
Table 5-3 Assignment of Interrupt Priority Registers
As table 5-3 indicates, each interrupt priority register specifies priority levels for two interrupt
sources. A user program can assign desired levels to these interrupt sources by writing “000” in
bits 6 to 4 or bits 2 to 0 to set priority level 0, for example, or “111” to set priority level 7.
A reset clears registers IPRA to IPRF to H'00, so all interrupts except NMI are initially masked.
Bit 76543210
— —
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R/W R/W R/W R R/W R/W R/W
Interrupt Request Source
Register Bits 6 to 4 Bits 2 to 0
IPRA IRQ0IRQ1
IPRB IRQ2, IRQ3IRQ4, IRQ5
IPRC FRT1 FRT2
IPRD FRT3 8-bit timer
IPRE SCI1 SCI2
IPRF A/D converter —
104
When the interrupt controller receives one or more interrupt requests, it selects the request with
the highest priority and compares its priority level with the interrupt mask level set in bits I2 to I0
in the CPU status register. If the priority level is higher than the mask level, the interrupt
controller passes the interrupt request to the CPU (or starts the data transfer controller). If the
priority level is lower than the mask level, the interrupt controller leaves the interrupt request
pending until the interrupt mask is altered to a lower level or the interrupt priority is raised.
Similarly, if it receives two interrupt requests with the same priority level, the interrupt controller
determines their priority as explained in table 5-2 and leaves the interrupt request with the lower
priority pending.
5.3.2 Timing of Priority Setting
The interrupt controller requires two system clock (ø) periods to determine the priority level of an
interrupt. Accordingly, when an instruction modifies an instruction priority register, the new
priority does not take effect until after the next instruction has been executed.
5.4 Interrupt Handling Sequence
5.4.1 Interrupt Handling Flow
The interrupt-handling sequence follows the flowchart in figure 5-2. Note that address error, trace
exception, and NMI requests bypass the interrupt controller’s priority decision logic and are
routed directly to the CPU.
1. Interrupt requests are generated by one or more on-chip supporting modules or external
interrupt sources.
2. The interrupt controller checks the interrupt priorities set in IPRA to IPRF and selects the
interrupt with the highest priority. Interrupts with lower priorities remain pending. Among
interrupts with the same priority level, the interrupt controller determines priority as explained
in table 5-2.
3. The interrupt controller compares the priority level of the selected interrupt request with the
mask level in the CPU status register (bits I2 to I0). If the priority level is equal to or less than
the mask level, the interrupt request remains pending. If the priority level is higher than the
mask level, the interrupt controller accepts the interrupt request and proceeds to the next step.
4. The interrupt controller checks the corresponding bit (if any) in the data transfer enable
registers (DTEA to DTEF). If this bit is set to 1, the data transfer controller is started.
Otherwise, the CPU interrupt exception-handling sequence is started.
When the data transfer controller is started, the interrupt request is cleared (except for interrupt
requests from the serial communication interface, which are cleared by writing to the TDR or
reading the RDR).
105
If the data transfer enable bit is cleared to 0 (or is nonexistent), the sequence proceeds as follows.
For the case in which the data transfer controller is started, see section 6, “Data Transfer
Controller.”
5. After the CPU has finished executing the current instruction, the program counter and status
register (in minimum mode) or program counter, code page register, and status register (in
maximum mode) are saved to the stack, leaving the stack in the condition shown in figure 5-3
(a) or (b). The program counter value saved on the stack is the address of the next instruction
to be executed.
6. The T (Trace) bit of the status register is cleared to 0, and the priority level of the interrupt is
copied to bits I2 to I0, thus masking further interrupts unless they have a higher priority level.
When an NMI is accepted, the interrupt mask level in bits I2 to I0 is set to 7.
7. The interrupt controller generates the vector address of the interrupt, and the entry at this
address in the exception vector table is read to obtain the starting address of the user-coded
interrupt handling routine.
In step 7, the same difference between the minimum and maximum modes exists as in the reset
handling sequence. In the minimum mode, one word is copied from the vector table to the
program counter, then the interrupt-handling routine starts executing from the address indicated in
the program counter. In the maximum mode, two words are read. The lower byte of the first
word is copied to the code page register. The second word is copied to the program counter. The
interrupt-handling routine starts executing from the address indicated in the code page register and
program counter.
106
Program execution state
Interrupt requested?
Y
N
NNNNNN
N N N
YYYYYY
Y
YY
Y
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
NN
Y
Y
YN
Address
error? Trace? NMI? Level-7 interrupt? Level-6 interrupt? Level-1 interrupt?
Mask level
in SR 6? Mask level
in SR 5? Mask level
in SR = 0?
Data transfer
enabled?
Interrupt remains pending
Start DTC
Read DTC vector
Read transfer mode
Read source address
Read data
Source
address increment
mode?
Increment source
address (+1 or +2)
Write source address
Read destination address
Write data
Exception-handling
sequence
Save PC
Maximum
mode?
Save SR
Save PC
Clear T bit
Trace
Address
error?
Update mask level
Vectoring
Destination
address increment
mode?
Write destination
address
Increment source
address (+1 or +2)
Read DTCR
DTCR-1 DTCR
→
Write DTCR
DTCR = 0?
To user-coded
exception-handling
routine
≤≤
Figure 5-2 Interrupt Handling Flowchart
107
5.4.2 Stack Status after Interrupt Handling Sequence
Figure 5-3 (a) and (b) show the stack before and after the interrupt exception-handling sequence.
SP
Address
Fig. 5-3(a)
SP
2m – 4
2m – 3
2m – 2
2m – 1
2m
Address
2m – 4
2m – 3
2m – 2
2m – 1
2m
Upper 8 bits of SR
Lower 8 bits of SR
Upper 8 bits of PC
Lower 8 bits of PC
(After)(Before)
Stack area
Save to stack
Notes:
1. PC: The address of the next instruction to be executed is saved.
2. Register saving and restoring must start at an even address (e.g 2m).
Figure 5-3 (a) Stack before and after Interrupt Exception-Handling
(Minimum Mode)
108
5.4.3 Timing of Interrupt Exception-Handling Sequence
Figure 5-4 shows the timing of the exception-handling sequence for an interrupt in minimum
mode when the program area and stack area are both in on-chip memory and the user-coded
interrupt handling routine starts at an even address.
Figure 5-5 shows the timing of the exception-handling sequence for an interrupt in maximum
mode when the program area and stack area are both in external memory.
5.5 Interrupts During Operation of the Data Transfer Controller
If an interrupt is requested during a DTC data transfer cycle, the interrupt is not accepted until the
data transfer cycle has been completed and the next instruction has been executed. This is true
even if the interrupt is an NMI. An example is shown below.
SP
Address
Fig. 5-3(b)
SP
2m – 4
2m – 3
2m – 2
2m – 1
2m
Address
2m – 4
2m – 3
2m – 2
2m – 1
2m
Upper 8 bits of SR
CP
Upper 8 bits of PC
Lower 8 bits of PC
(After)(Before)
Stack area
Save to stack
Notes:
1. PC: The address of the next instruction to be executed is saved.
2. Register saving and restoring must start at an even address (e.g 2m).
2m – 5
2m – 6
2m – 5
2m – 6
Lower 8 bits of SR
Don’t care
ADD.W R2, R0
MOV.W R0, @H'FE00
ADD.W @H' FE02,R0
Program flow
DTC interrupt request
Data transfer cycle NMI interrupt
After data transfer cycle, CPU executes next
instruction before starting exception handling
To NMI exception handling sequence
(Example)
Figure 5-3 (b) Stack before and after Interrupt Exception-Handling (Maximum Mode)
109
(3)
Vector
address
SP - 4
SP - 2
(4)VectorSRPC(2)(2)(2)
(1)(1)(1)
NMI, IRQ0
IRQ to IRQ1
ø
Interrupt
address
bus
Internal
data
bus (16 bits)
Internal
read
signal
Internal
write
signal
Priority level
decision and wait
for end of
current instruction
Stack accessInternal
process-
ing cycle
Prefetch first
instruction of
interrupt-
handling routine
Start instruction
execution Interrupt
accepted
(1) Instruction prefetch address (2) Instruction code (3) Starting address of interrupt-handling routine (4) First instruction of interrupt-handling routine
Note: This timing chart applies to the minimum mode when the program and stack areas are both in on-chip memory and the interrupt-handling routine starts
at an even address.
5
Figure 5-4 Interrupt Sequence (Minimum Mode, On-Chip Memory)
110
NMI, IRQ0
IRQ to IRQ1
ø
Internal
address bus
Internal data
bus (16 bits)
Internal Read
signal
Internal Write
signal
Priority level
decision
and wait for
end of
current
instruction
(1) Instruction prefetch address
(2) Instruction code
(3) Starting address of interrupt-handling routine
(4) First instruction of interrupt-handling routine
Internal
processing
cycle
Stack access Interrupt vector Prefetch first instruction of
interrupt-handling routine Start
instruction
execution
Note:This timing chart applies to the maximum mode when the program and stack areas are both in external memory.
Instruction execution starts after interrupt vector fetch and 4-byte (4 bys cycles) instruction prefetch has been done.
(1) (1) SP – 2 SP – 1 SP – 4 SP – 3 SP – 6 SP – 5 Vector Vector
address address + 1 address + 2 address + 3
Vector Vector (3)
(2) (2) PC HPC LCP SR LSR Hdon’t
care Vector Vector Vector (4)
don’t
care
5
Figure 5-5 Interrupt Sequence (Maximum Mode, External Memory)
111
5.6 Interrupt Response Time
Table 5-4 indicates the number of states that may elapse between the generation of an interrupt
request and the execution of the first instruction of the interrupt-handling routine, assuming that
the interrupt is not masked and not preempted by a higher-priority interrupt. Since word access is
performed to on-chip memory areas, fastest interrupt service can be obtained by placing the
program in on-chip ROM and the stack in on-chip RAM.
Table 5-4 Number of States before Interrupt Service
Note: m: Number of wait states inserted in external memory access.
Values in parentheses are for the LDM instruction.
Number of States
No. Reason for Wait Minimum Mode Maximum Mode
1 Interrupt priority decision and comparison with 2 states
mask level in CPU status register
2 Maximum number of Instruction is in on-chip x
states to completion memory (x = 38 for LDM instruction specifying
of current instruction all registers)
Instruction is in external y
memory (y = 74 + 16m for LDM instruction
specifying all registers)
3 Saving of PC and SR Stack is in on-chip RAM 16 21
or PC, CP, and SR Stack is in external memory 28 + 6m 41 + 10m
and instruction prefetch
Stack is in Instruction is in on-chip 18 + x 23 + x
on-chip RAM memory (56) (61)
Instruction is in external 18 + y 23 + y
Total memory (92 + 16m) (97 + 16m)
Stack is in Instruction is in on-chip 30 + 6m + x 43 + 10m + x
external RAM memory (68 + 6m) (81 + 10m)
Instruction is in external 30 + 6m + y 43 + 10m + y
memory (104 + 22m) (117 + 26m)
112
Section 6 Data Transfer Controller
6.1 Overview
The H8/534 and H8/536 include a data transfer controller (DTC) that can be started by designated
interrupts to transfer data from a source address to a destination address located in page 0. These
addresses include in particular the registers of the on-chip supporting modules and I/O ports.
Typical uses of the DTC are to change the setting of a control register of an on-chip supporting
module in response to an interrupt from that module, or to transfer data from memory to an I/O
port or the serial communication interface. Once set up, the transfer is interrupt-driven, so it
proceeds independently of program execution, although program execution temporarily stops
while each byte or word is being transferred.
6.1.1 Features
The main features of the DTC are listed below.
• The source address and destination address can be set anywhere in the 64-kbyte address space
of page 0.
• The DTC can be programmed to transfer one byte or one word of data per interrupt.
• The DTC can be programmed to increment the source address and/or destination address after
each byte or word is transferred.
• After transferring a designated number of bytes or words, the DTC generates a CPU interrupt
with the vector of the interrupt source that started the DTC.
• This designated data transfer count can be set from 1 to 65,536 bytes or words.
6.1.2 Block Diagram
Figure 6-1 shows a block diagram of the DTC.
The four DTC control registers (DTMR, DTSR, DTDR, and DTCR) are invisible to the CPU, but
corresponding information is kept in a register information table in memory. A separate table is
maintained for each DTC interrupt type. When an interrupt requests DTC service, the DTC loads
its control registers from the table in memory, transfers the byte or word of data, and writes any
altered register information back to memory.
113
6.1.3 Register Configuration
The four DTC control registers are listed in table 6-1. These registers are not located in the
address space and cannot be written or read by the CPU. To set information in these registers, a
program must write the information in a table in memory from which it will be loaded by the
DTC.
Table 6-1 Internal Control Registers of the DTC
Name Abbreviation Read/Write
Data transfer mode register DTMR Disabled
Data transfer source address register DTSR Disabled
Data transfer destination address register DTDR Disabled
Data transfer count register DTCR Disabled
IRQ0
IRQ1
Internal data bus
DTC request
DTCInterrupt controller
DTEC
DTED
DTEE
DTEF
DTMR
DTSR
DTDR
DTCR
DTMR:
DTSR:
DTDR:
DTCR:
DTEA to DTEF:
DT Mode Register
DT Source Address Register
DT Destination Address Register
DT Count Register
DT Enable Register A to D
RAM
Register
information table
0
Register
information table
1
DTEA
DTEB
Figure 6-1 Block Diagram of Data Transfer Controller
114
Starting of the DTC is controlled by the six data transfer enable registers, which are located in
high addresses in page 0. Table 6-2 lists these registers.
Table 6-2 Data Transfer Enable Registers
Name Abbreviation Read/Write Address Initial Value
Data transfer enable register A DTEA R/W H'FF08 H'00
Data transfer enable register B DTEB R/W H'FF09 H'00
Data transfer enable register C DTEC R/W H'FF0A H'00
Data transfer enable register D DTED R/W H'FF0B H'00
Data transfer enable register E DTEE R/W H'FF0C H'00
Data transfer enable register F DTEF R/W H'FF0D H'00
6.2 Register Descriptions
6.2.1 Data Transfer Mode Register (DTMR)
The data transfer mode register is a 16-bit register, the first three bits of which designate the data
size and specify whether to increment the source and destination addresses.
Bit 15—Sz (Size): This bit designates the size of the data transferred.
Bit 15
Sz Description
0 Byte transfer
1 Word transfer* (two bytes at a time)
*For word transfer, the source and destination addresses must be even addresses.
Bit 14—SI (Source Increment): This bit specifies whether to increment the source address.
Bit 14
SI Description
0 Source address is not incremented.
1 1) If Sz = 0: Source address is incremented by +1 after each data transfer.
2) If Sz = 1: Source address is incremented by +2 after each data transfer.
Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
SzSIDI—————————————
Read/Write————————————————
115
Bit 13—DI (Destination Increment): This bit specifies whether to increment the destination
address.
Bit 13
DI Description
0 Destination address is not incremented.
1 1) If Sz = 0: Destination address is incremented by +1 after each data transfer.
2) If Sz = 1: Destination address is incremented by +2 after each data transfer.
Bits 12 to 0—Reserved Bits: These bits are reserved.
6.2.2 Data Transfer Source Address Register (DTSR)
The data transfer source register is a 16-bit register that designates the data transfer source
address. For word transfer this must be an even address. In the maximum mode, this address is
implicitly located in page 0.
6.2.3 Data Transfer Destination Register (DTDR)
The data transfer destination register is a 16-bit register that designates the data transfer
destination address. For word transfer this must be an even address. In the maximum mode, this
address is implicitly located in page 0.
6.2.4 Data Transfer Count Register (DTCR)
Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Read/Write————————————————
Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Read/Write————————————————
Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Read/Write————————————————
116
The data transfer count register is a 16-bit register that counts the number of bytes or words of
data remaining to be transferred. The initial count can be set from 1 to 65,536. A register value
of 0 designates an initial count of 65,536.
The data transfer count register is decremented automatically after each byte or word is transferred.
When its value reaches 0, indicating that the designated number of bytes or words have been
transferred, a CPU interrupt is generated with the vector of the interrupt that requested the data transfer.
6.2.5 Data Transfer Enable Registers A to F (DTEA to DTEF)
These six registers designate whether an interrupt starts the DTC. The bits in these registers are
assigned to interrupts as indicated in table 6-3. No bits are assigned to the NMI, FOVI, OVI, and
ERI interrupts, which cannot request data transfers.
Table 6-3 Assignment of Data Transfer Enable Registers
Note: Bits marked “—” should always be cleared to 0.
If the bit for a certain interrupt is set to 1, that interrupt is regarded as a request for DTC service.
If the bit is cleared to 0, the interrupt is regarded as a CPU interrupt request.
Bit 76543210
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Interrupt Interrupt
Source or Source or
Register Module Bits 7 to 4 Module Bits 3 to 0
7654 3210
DTEA IRQ0— — — IRQ0IRQ1— — — IRQ1
DTEB IRQ2, IRQ3— — IRQ3IRQ2IRQ4, IRQ5— — IRQ5IRQ4
DTEC 16-Bit FRT1 — OCIB1 OCIA1 ICI1 16-Bit FRT2 — OCIB2 OCIA2 ICI2
DTED 16-Bit FRT3 — OCIB3 OCIA3 ICI3 8-Bit Timer — — CMIB CMIA
DTEE SCI1 — TXI1 RXI1 — SCI2 — TXI2 RXI2 —
DTEF A/D converter — — — ADI — — — —
117
Only the interrupts indicated in table 6-3 can request DTC service. DTE bits not assigned to any
interrupt (indicated by “—” in table 6-3) should be left cleared to 0.
• Note on Timing of DTE Modifications: The interrupt controller requires two system clock (ø)
periods to determine the priority level of an interrupt. Accordingly, when an instruction modifies
a data transfer enable register, the new setting does not take effect until the third state after taht
instruction has been executed.
6.3 Data Transfer Operation
6.3.1 Data Transfer Cycle
When started by an interrupt, the DTC executes the following data transfer cycle:
1. From the DTC vector table, the DTC reads the address at which the register information table
for that interrupt is located in memory.
2. The DTC loads the data transfer mode register and source address register from this table and
reads the data (one byte or word) from the source address.
3. If so specified in the mode register, the DTC increments the source address register and writes
the new source address back to the table in memory.
4. The DTC loads the data transfer destination address register and writes the byte or word of data
to the destination address.
5. If so specified in the mode register, the DTC increments the destination address register and
writes the new destination address back to the table in memory.
6. The DTC loads the data transfer count register from the table in memory, decrements the data
count, and writes the new count back to memory.
7. If the data transfer count is now 0, the DTC generates a CPU interrupt. The interrupt vector is
the vector of the interrupt type that started the DTC.
At an appropriate point during this procedure the DTC also clears the interrupt request by clearing
the corresponding flag bit in the status register of the on-chip supporting module to 0.
But the DTC does not clear the data transfer enable bit in the data transfer enable register. This
action, if necessary, must be taken by the user-coded interrupt-handling routine invoked at the end
of the transfer.
The data transfer cycle is shown in a flowchart in figure 6-2.
For the steps from the occurrence of the interrupt up to the start of the data transfer cycle, see
section 5.4.1, “Interrupt Handling Flow.”
118
INT Interrupt
DTC interrupt? N
Y
DTC
Read DTC vector
Read transfer mode
Read source address
Read data
Source address
increment mode?
N
Y
Read destination address
Write data
Destination address
increment mode?
N
Y
Increment source address (+1 or +2)
Write source address
Write destination address
Increment destination address
(+1 or +2)
Read DTCR
DTCR – 1 DTCR
→
Write DTCR
DTCR = 0? Y
N
DTC END
CPU
Save PC and SR
Read vector
Read address from
vector table
Start executing
interrupt-handling
routine at that
address.
Figure 6-2 Flowchart of Data Transfer Cycle
119
6.3.2 DTC Vector Table
The DTC vector table is located immediately following the exception vector table at the beginning
of page 0 in memory. For each interrupt that can request DTC service, the DTC vector table
provides a pointer to an address in memory where the table of DTC control register information
for that interrupt is stored. The register information tables can be placed in any available locations
in page 0.
In minimum mode, each entry in the DTC vector table consists of two bytes, pointing to an
address in page 0. In maximum mode, for compatibility reasons, each DTC vector table entry
consists of four bytes but the first two bytes are ignored; the last two bytes point to an address
which is implicitly assumed to be in page 0, regardless of the current page specifications.
Figure 6-4 shows one DTC vector table entry in minimum and maximum mode.
Vector table
Exception
vector table
TA0
DTC vector
table
Register
information table
0
RAM
Register
information table
1
DTMR0
DTSR0
DTDR0
DTCR0
DTMR1
DTSR1
DTDR1
DTCR1
TA1TA1
TA0
Note: TA , TA ,... : Addresses of DTC register information tables in memory.0 1
Note: TA0, TA1, ...: Addresses of DTC register information tables in memory.
Normally the register information tables are placed on RAM. If software does not
need to modify the register information (addresses are fixed and transfer count is 1),
it can be placed on ROM.
Figure 6-3 DTC Vector Table
120
Table 6-4 lists the addresses of the entries in the DTC vector table for each interrupt.
Table 6-4 Addresses of DTC Vectors
DTC vector table
Fig. 6-4
Address
m
m + 1
Address (H)
Address (L)
RAM DTC vector table
Register
information
(1) Minimum mode
Address
2m
2 m + 1
Don’t care
Don’t care
(2) Maximum mode
2 m + 2Address (H)
2 m + 3Address (L)
*
*
*
Address 2m and 2m + 1 are not accessed at vector read.
Address of DTC Vector
Interrupt Minimum Mode Maximum Mode
IRQ0H'00C0 - H'00C1 H'0180 - H'0183
Interval timer H'00C2 - H'00C3 H'0184 - H'0187
IRQ1H'00C8 - H'00C9 H'0190 - H'0193
IRQ2H'00D0 - H'00D1 H'01A0 - H'01A3
IRQ3H'00D2 - H'00D3 H'01A4 - H'01A7
IRQ4H'00D8 - H'00D9 H'01B0 - H'01B3
IRQ5H'00DA - H'00DB H'01B4 - H'01B7
FRT1 ICI H'00E0 - H'00E1 H'01C0 - H'01C3
OCIA H'00E2 - H'00E3 H'01C4 - H'01C7
OCIB H'00E4 - H'00E5 H'01C8 - H'01CB
FRT2 ICI H'00E8 - H'00E9 H'01D0 - H'01D3
OCIA H'00EA - H'00EB H'01D4 - H'01D7
OCIB H'00EC - H'00ED H'01D8 - H'01DB
FRT3 ICI H'00F0 - H'00F1 H'01E0 - H'01E3
OCIA H'00F2 - H'00F3 H'01E4 - H'01E7
OCIB H'00F4 - H'00F5 H'01E8 - H'01EB
Figure 6-4 DTC Vector Table Entry
121
Table 6-4 Addresses of DTC Vectors (cont)
6.3.3 Location of Register Information in Memory
For each interrupt, the DTC control register information is stored in four consecutive words in
memory in the order shown in figure 6-5.
6.3.4 Length of Data Transfer Cycle
Table 6-5 lists the number of states required per data transfer, assuming that the DTC control
register information is stored in on-chip RAM. This is the number of states required for loading
and saving the DTC control registers and transferring one byte or word of data. Two cases are
considered: a transfer between on-chip RAM and a register belonging to an I/O port or on-chip
supporting module (i.e., a register in the register field from addresses H'FE80 to H'FFFF); and a
transfer between such a register and external RAM.
Address of DTC Vector
Interrupt Minimum Mode Maximum Mode
8-Bit CMIA H'00F8 - H'00F9 H'01F0 - H'01F3
timer CMIB H'00FA - H'00FB H'01F4 - H'01F7
SCI1 RXI H'00A2 - H'00A3 H'0144 - H'0147
TXI H'00A4 - H'00A5 H'0148 - H'014B
SCI2 RXI H'00AA - H'00AB H'0154 - H'0157
TXI H'00AC - H'00AD H'0158 - H'015B
A/D converter ADI H'00B0 - H'00B1 H'0160 - H'0163
DTC vector table
Fig. 6-5
TA
TA + 2
RAM
DTMR
DTSR
DTDR
DTCR
8 Bits 8 Bits
TA + 4
TA + 6
Mode register
Source address register
Destination address register
Count register
Figure 6-5 Order of Register Information
122
Table 6-5 Number of States per Data Transfer
Note: Numbers in the table are the number of states.
The values in table 6-5 are calculated from the formula:
N = 26 + 2 ×SI + 2 ×DI + MS+ MD
Where MSand MDhave the following meanings:
MS: Number of states for reading source data
MD: Number of states for writing destination data
The values of MSand MDdepend on the data location as follows:
➀Byte or word data in on-chip RAM: ➩2 states
➁Byte data in external RAM or register field: ➩3 states
➂Word data in external RAM or register field: ➩6 states
If the DTC control register information is stored in external RAM, 20 + 4 ×SI + 4 ×DI must be
added to the values in table 6-5.
The values given above do not include the time between the occurrence of the interrupt request
and the starting of the DTC. This time includes two states for the interrupt controller to check
priority and a variable wait until the end of the current CPU instruction. At maximum, this time
equals the sum of the values indicated for items No. 1 and 2 in table 6-6.
If the data transfer count is 0 at the end of a data transfer cycle, the number of states from the end
of the data transfer cycle until the first instruction of the user-coded interrupt-handling routine is
executed is the value given for item No. 3 in table 6-6.
Increment Mode On-Chip RAM ↔Module or I/O External RAM ↔Module or I/O
Source Destina- Register Register
(SI) tion (DI) Byte Transfer Word Transfer Byte Transfer Word Transfer
0 0 31 34 32 38
0 1 33 36 34 40
1 0 33 36 34 40
1 1 35 38 36 42
123
Table 6-6 Number of States before Interrupt Service
m: Number of wait states inserted in external memory access
6.4 Procedure for Using the DTC
A program that uses the DTC to transfer data must do the following:
1. Set the appropriate DTMR, DTSR, DTDR, and DTCR register information in the memory
location indicated in the DTC vector table.
2. Set the data transfer enable bit of the pertinent interrupt to 1, and set the priority of the interrupt
source (in the interrupt priority register) and the interrupt mask level (in the CPU status
register) so that the interrupt can be accepted.
3. Set the interrupt enable bit in the control register for the interrupt source (or set the IRQ enable
bit).
Following these preparations, the DTC will be started each time the interrupt occurs. When the
number of bytes or words designated by the DTCR value have been transferred, after transferring
the last byte or word, the DTC generates a CPU interrupt.
The user-coded interrupt-handling routine must take action to prepare for or disable further DTC
data transfer: by readjusting the data transfer count, for example, or clearing the interrupt enable
bit. If no action is taken, the next interrupt of the same type will start the DTC with an initial data
transfer count of 65,536.
Number of States
No. Reason for Wait Minimum Mode Maximum Mode
1 Interrupt priority decision and comparison with 2 states
mask level in CPU status register
2 Maximum number of Instruction is in on-chip 38
states to completion memory (LDM instruction specifying all registers)
of current instruction Instruction is in external 74 + 16m
memory (LDM instruction specifying all registers)
3 Saving of PC and SR Stack is in on-chip RAM 16 21
or PC, CP, and SR
and instruction prefetch Stack is in external memory 28 + 6m 41 + 10m
124
6.5 Example
Purpose: To receive 128 bytes of serial data the serial communication interface 1.
Conditions:
• Operating mode: Minimum mode
• Received data are to be stored in consecutive addresses starting at H'FC00.
• DTC control register information for the RXI interrupt is stored at addresses H'FB80 to H'FB87.
• Accordingly, the DTC vector table contains H'FB at address H'00A2 and H'80 at address
H'00A3.
• The desired interrupt mask level in the CPU status register is 4, and the desired SCI1 interrupt
priority level is 5.
Procedure
1. The user program sets DTC control register information in addresses H'FB80 to H'FB87 as
shown in table 6-7.
Table 6-7 DTC Control Register Information Set in RAM
2. The program sets the RI (SCI1 Receive Interrupt) bit in the data transfer enable register (bit 5
of register DTEE) to 1.
3. The program sets the interrupt mask in the CPU status register to 4, and the SCI1 interrupt
priority in bits 6 to 4 of interrupt priority register IPRE to 5.
4. The program sets SCI1 to the appropriate receive mode, and sets the receive interrupt enable
(RIE) bit in the serial control register (SCR) to 1 to enable receive interrupts.
5. Thereafter, each time SCI1 receives one byte of data, it requests an RXI interrupt, which the
interrupt controller directs toward the DTC. The DTC transfers the byte from the SCI’s receive
data register (RDR) into RAM, and clears the interrupt request before ending.
Address Register Description Value Set
Byte transfer
H'FB80 DTMR Source address fixed H'2000
Increment destination address
H'FB82 DTSR Address of SCI1 receive data register H'FEDD
H'FB84 DTDR Address H'FC00 H'FC00
H'FB86 DTCR Number of bytes to be received: 128 H'0080
125
6. When 128 bytes have been transferred (DTCR = 0), the DTC generates a CPU interrupt. The
interrupt type is RXI from SCI1.
7. The user-coded RXI interrupt-handling routine processes the received data and disables further
data transfer (by clearing the RIE bit, for example).
Figure 6-6 shows the DTC vector table and data in RAM for this example.
Address
H'00A2
H'00A3
H'FB
H'80
DTC vector table RAM
Address
H'FB80
H'FB81
H'20
H'00
H'FE
H'DD
H'FC
H'00
H'00
H'80
H'FB87
H'FC00
H'FC7F
SCI
Receive data 1
Receive data 2
Receive data 128
RDR
Transferred
by DTC
Mode
Source address
Destination address
Counter
Figure 6-6 Use of DTC to Receive Data via Serial Communication Interface 1
126
Section 7 Wait-State Controller
7.1 Overview
To simplify interfacing to low-speed external devices, the H8/534 and H8/536 have an on-chip
wait-state controller (WSC) that can insert wait states (TW) to prolong bus cycles.
The wait-state function can be used in CPU and DTC access cycles to external addresses. It is not
used in access to on-chip supporting modules. The TWstates are inserted between the T2state
and T3state in the bus cycle. The number of wait states can be selected by a value set in the wait-
state control register (WCR), or by holding the WAIT pin Low for the required interval.
7.1.1 Features
The main features of the wait-state controller are:
• Selection of three operating modes
Programmable wait mode, pin wait mode, or pin auto-wait mode
• 0, 1, 2, or 3 wait states can be inserted.
And in the pin wait mode, 4 or more states can be inserted by holding the WAIT pin Low.
127
7.1.2 Block Diagram
Figure 7-1 shows a block diagram of the wait-state controller.
7.1.3 Register Configuration
The wait-state controller has one control register: the wait-state control register described in
table 7-1.
Table 7-1 Register Configuration
Name Abbreviation Read/Write Initial Value Address
Wait-state control register WCR R/W H'F3 H'FF10
Fig. 7-1
Internal data bus
WAIT input
WCR:
WMS1, 0:
WC1, 0:
Control logic
WCR
— — — — WMS1 WMS0 WC1 WC0
Wait counter
WAIT request
Wait-state Control Register
Wait Mode Select 1, 0
Wait Count 1, 0
Figure 7-1 Block Diagram of Wait-State Controller
128
7.2 Wait-State Control Register
The wait-state control register (WCR) is an 8-bit register that specifies the wait mode and the
number of wait states to be inserted. A reset initializes the WCR to specify the programmable
wait mode with three wait states. The WCR is not initialized in the software standby mode.
Bits 7 to 4—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
Bits 3 and 2—Wait Mode Select 1 and 0 (WMS1 and WMS0): These bits select the wait mode
as shown below.
Bits 1 and 0—Wait Count (WC1 and WC0): These bits specify the number of wait states to be
inserted.
Wait states are inserted only in bus cycles in which the CPU or DTC accesses an external address.
Bit 76543210
— — — — WMS1 WMS0 WC1 WC0
Initial value 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
Read/Write — — — — R/W R/W R/W R/W
Bit 3 Bit 2
WMS1 WMS0 Description
0 0 Programmable wait mode (Initial value)
0 1 No wait states are inserted, regardless of the wait count.
1 0 Pin wait mode
1 1 Pin auto-wait mode
Bit 1 Bit 0
WC1 WC0 Description
0 0 No wait states are inserted, except in pin wait mode.
0 1 1 Wait state is inserted.
1 0 2 Wait states are inserted.
1 1 3 Wait states are inserted. (Initial value)
129
7.3 Operation in Each Wait Mode
Table 7-2 summarizes the operation of the three wait modes.
Table 7-2 Wait Modes
WAIT Insertion Number of Wait
Mode Pin Function Conditions States Inserted
Programmable Disabled Inserted on access to 1 to 3 wait states are inserted, as
wait mode an off-chip address specified by bits WC0 and WC1.
WMS1 = 0
WMS0 = 0
Pin wait mode Enabled Inserted on access to 0 to 3 wait states are inserted, as
WMS1 = 1 an off-chip address specified by bits WC0 and WC1,
WMS0 = 0 plus additional wait states while the
WAIT pin is held Low.
Pin auto-wait Enabled Inserted on access to 1 to 3 wait states are inserted, as
mode an off-chip address if specified by bits WC0 and WC1.
WMS1 = 1 the WAIT pin is Low
WMS0 = 1
7.3.1 Programmable Wait Mode
The programmable wait mode is selected when WMS1 = 0 and WMS0 = 0.
Whenever the CPU or DTC accesses an off-chip address, the number of wait states set in bits
WC1 and WC0 are inserted. The WAIT pin is not used for wait control; it is available as an I/O
pin.
130
Figure 7-2 shows the timing of the operation in this mode when the wait count is 1 (WC1 = 0,
WC0 = 1).
7.3.2 Pin Wait Mode
The pin wait mode is selected when WMS1 = 1 and WMS0 = 0.
In this mode the WAIT function of the P14/WAIT pin is used automatically.
The number of wait states indicated by bits WC1 and WC0 are inserted into any bus cycle in
which the CPU or DTC accesses an off-chip address. In addition, wait states continue to be
inserted as long as the WAIT pin is held low. In particular, if the wait count is 0 but the WAIT pin
is Low at the rising edge of the ø clock in the T2state, wait states are inserted until the WAIT pin
goes High.
This mode is useful for inserting four or more wait states, or when different external devices
require different numbers of wait states.
T
RD, AS,
DS (Read)
D –D
7 0
A –A19 0
ø
D –D7 0
WR, DS
(Write)
Read data
Off-chip address
Read data
Write data
2state or T3T1T2TWT3
Fig. 7-2
Figure 7-2 Programmable Wait Mode
131
Figure 7-3 shows the timing of the operation in this mode when the wait count is 1 (WC1 = 0,
WC0 = 1) and the WAIT pin is held Low to insert one additional wait state.
RD, AS,
DS (Read)
D –D7 0
ø
D –D
7 0
WR, DS
(Write)
A –A
19 0
WAIT pin
Off-chip address
Write data
Read data
T2T1TW
Wait
count TWT3
WAIT
pin
* *
Fig. 7-3
*The arrowheads indicate the times at which the WAIT pin is sampled.
Figure 7-3 Pin Wait Mode
132
7.3.3 Pin Auto-Wait Mode
The pin auto-wait mode is selected when WMS1 = 1 and WMS0 = 1.
In this mode the WAIT function of the P14/WAIT pin is used automatically.
In this mode, the number of wait states indicated by bits WC1 and WC0 are inserted, but only if
there is a Low input at the WAIT pin.
Figure 7-4 shows the timing of this operation when the wait count is 1.
In the pin auto-wait mode, the WAIT pin is sampled only once, on the falling edge of the ø clock
in the T2state. If the WAIT pin is Low at this time, the wait-state controller inserts the number of
wait states indicated by bits WC1 and WC0. The WAIT pin is not sampled during the Tw and T3
states, so no additional wait states are inserted even if the WAIT pin continues to be held Low.
This mode offers a simple way to interface a low-speed device: the wait states can be inserted by
routing a decoded address signal to the WAIT pin.
RD, AS,
DS (Read)
D –D
7 0
ø
D –D7 0
WR, DS
(Write)
A –A
19 0
WAIT
Fig. 7-4
External address External address
Read data Read data
Write data Write data
* *
T1T2T3T1T2T3TW
*The arrowheads indicate the times at which the WAIT pin is sampled.
Figure 7-4 Pin Auto-Wait Mode
133
Section 8 Clock Pulse Generator
8.1 Overview
The H8/534 and H8/536 have a built-in clock pulse generator (CPG) consisting of an oscillator
circuit, a system (ø) clock divider, an E clock divider, and a group of prescalers. The prescalers
generate clock signals for the on-chip supporting modules.
8.1.1 Block Diagram
8.2 Oscillator Circuit
If an external crystal is connected across the EXTAL and XTAL pins, the on-chip oscillator circuit
generates a clock signal for the system clock divider. Alternatively, an external clock signal can
be applied to the EXTAL pin.
Connecting an External Crystal
(1) Circuit Configuration: An external crystal can be connected as in the example in figure 8-2.
An AT-cut parallel resonating crystal should be used.
XTAL
EXTAL
ø E ø/2 to ø/4096
Oscillator
circuit
Divider
÷ 2 Divider
÷ 8
CPG
Prescalers
Figure 8-1 Block Diagram of Clock Pulse Generator
135
(2) Crystal Oscillator: The external crystal should have the characteristics listed in table 8-1.
Table 8-1 (1) External Crystal Parameters
(HD6475368R, HD6475348R, HD6435368R, HD6435348R)
Frequency (MHz) 2 4 8 12 16 20
Rs max (Ω) 500 120 60 40 30 20
C0(pF) 7pF max
Table 8-1 (2) External Crystal Parameters
(HD6475368S, HD6475348S, HD6435368S, HD6435348S)
Frequency (MHz) 4 8 12 16 20 24
Rs max (Ω) 120 80 60 50 40 40
C0(pF) 7pF max
Note: Use a fundamental-mode crystal (not an overtone crystal).
(3) Note on Board Design: When an external crystal is connected, other signal lines should be
kept away from the crystal circuit to prevent induction from interfering with correct
oscillation. See figure 8-4.
When the board is designed, the crystal and its load capacitors should be placed as close as
possible to the XTAL and EXTAL pins.
EXTAL C
XTAL
L1
CL2 C =C =10 to 22pFL1 L2
Fig. 8-3
CL
XTAL EXTAL
L RS
C0
AT-cut parallel resonating crystal
Figure 8-2 Connection of Crystal Oscillator (Example)
Figure 8-3 Crystal Oscillator Equivalent Circuit
136
Input of External Clock Signal
(1) Circuit Configuration (HD6475368R, HD6475348R, HD6435368R, HD6435348R): When
using an external clock, input complementary clock signals to the EXTAL and XTAL pins as
shown in figure 8-5. Make sure the external clock does not go high during standby mode.
Figure 8-5 External Clock Input (Example)
(2) External Clock Input
Frequency Double the system clock (ø) frequency
Duty cycle 45% to 55%
Note: Mask-ROM versions can operate on external clock input
to the EXTAL pin alone, with the XTAL pin left open.
ZTATversions can also operate with the XTAL pin left
open if the external clock frequency is 16 MHz or less.
CL2
CL1
Not allowed Signal A Signal B
H8/534
H8/536
XTAL
EXTAL
Figure 8-4 Notes on Board Design around External Crystal
Fig. 8-5
External clock input
74HC04
EXTAL
XTAL
137
(3) Circuit Configuration (HD6475368S, HD6475348S, HD6435368S, HD6435348S): Figure
8-6 shows examples of external clock input. When using figure 8-6 (b), make sure the external
clock does not go high during standby mode. When the XTAL pin is open, make sure the
parasitic capacifance is less than 10 pF.
(4) External Clock Input
Frequency Double the system clock (ø) frequency
Duty cycle 40% to 60%
External clock input
74HC04
EXTAL
XTAL
EXTAL
XTAL Open
External clock input
(a) XTAL pin left open
(b) Complementary clock input at XTAL pin
Figure 8-6 External Clock Input (Examples)
138
8.3 System Clock Divider
The system clock divider divides the crystal oscillator or external clock frequency (fosc) by 2 to
create the ø clock.
An E clock signal is created by dividing the ø clock by 8. The E clock is used for interfacing to E
clock based devices.
Figure 8-7 shows the phase relationship of the E clock to the ø clock.
Figure 8-7 Phase Relationship of ø Clock and E Clock
ø
E
139
Section 9 I/O Ports
9.1 Overview
The H8/534 and H8/536 have nine ports. Ports 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 9 are eight-bit input/output ports.
Port 2 is a five-bit input/output port. Port 6 is a four-bit input/output port. Port 8 is an eight-bit
input-only port. Table 9-1 summarizes the functions of each port.
Input and output are memory-mapped. The CPU views each port as a data register (DR) located
in the register field at the high end of page 0 of the address space. Each port (except port 8) also
has a data direction register (DDR) which determines which pins are used for input and which for
output. Additional system control registers (SYSCR1 and SYSCR2) control the functions of pins
in ports 1, 6, and 9.
To read data from an I/O port, the CPU selects input in the data direction register and reads the
data register. This causes the input logic level at the pin to be placed directly on the internal data
bus. There is no intervening input latch.
To send data to an output port, the CPU selects output in the data direction register and writes the
desired data in the data register, causing the data to be held in a latch. The latch output drives the
pin through a buffer amplifier. If the CPU reads the data register of an output port, it obtains the
data held in the latch rather than the actual level of the pin.
As table 9-1 indicates, all of the I/O port pins have dual functions. For example, pin 7 of port 1
can be used either as a general-purpose I/O pin (P17), or for output of the TMO signal from the
on-chip 8-bit timer. The function is determined by the MCU operating mode, or by a value set in
a control register.
Outputs from ports 1 to 6 can drive one TTL load and a 90 pF capacitive load. Outputs from ports
7 and 9 can drive one TTL load and a 30 pF capacitive load.
Outputs from ports 1 to 7 and 9 can also drive a Darlington transistor pair. Outputs from port 4
can drive a light-emitting diode (with 10mA current sink). Ports 5 and 6 have built-in MOS pull-
ups for each input. Port 7 has Schmitt inputs.
Schematic diagrams of the I/O port circuits are shown in appendix C.
141
Table 9-1 Input/Output Port Summary
Expanded Modes Single-Chip Mode
Port Description Pins Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4 (Mode 7)
Port 1 8-Bit input/output P17/ TMO These input/output pins double as IRQ1,
P16/ IRQ1/ IRQ0, and ADTRG inputs, and as an
ADTRG output pin (TMO) for the 8-bit timer.
P15/ IRQ0
P14/ WAIT These pins function as WAIT, BREQ, Input/output
P13/ BREQ and BACK when necessary control- port
P12/ BACK register bits are set to 1.
P11/ E These pins function as input pins or as
P10/ ø clock (E, ø) output pins, depending on
the data direction register setting.
Port 2 5-Bit input/output P24/ WR Bus control signal outputs Input/output
port P23/ RD (WR, RD, DS, R/W, AS) port
P22/ DS
P21/ R/W
P20/ AS
Port 3 8-Bit input/output P37- P30/ Data bus (D7– D0) Input/output
port D7– D0port
Port 4 8-Bit input/output P47– P40/ Low address bus (A7– A0) Input/output
port A7– A0port
Can drive a LED
Port 5 8-Bit input/output P57– P50/ High High High High Input/output
port A15 – A8address address address address port
Built-in input bus bus if bus bus if
pull-up (MOS) (A15 – DDR is (A15 – DDR is
A8) set to 1 A8) set to 1
Port 6 4-Bit input/output P63/ PW3/ Output for PWM Page Page Input/output
port IRQ5/ A19 timers 1, 2, and address address port
Built-in input P62/ PW2/ 3, input for IRQ2bus bus if DDR
pull-up (MOS) IRQ4/ A18 to IRQ5, and (A19 – is set to 1,
P61/ PW1/ input/output port. A16) input port
IRQ3/ A17 and IRQ2
P60/ IRQ2/ to IRQ5
A16 input pins if
DDR is set
to 0
142
Table 9-1 Input/Output Port Summary (cont)
Expanded Modes Single-Chip Mode
Port Description Pins Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4 (Mode 7)
Port 7 8-Bit input/output P77/ FTOA1Input/output for free-running timers 1,
port P76/ FTOB3/ 2 and 3 (FTI1to FTI3, FTCI1to FTCI3,
(Schmitt inputs) FTCI3FTOB1to FTOB3, FTOA1),input for
P75/ FTOB2/ 8-bit timer input (TMCI, TMRI), and 8-bit
FTCI2input/output port
P74/ FTOB1/ (P77to P70)
FTCI1/
P73/ FTI3
TMRI
P72/ FTI2
P71/ FTI1
P70/ TMCI
Port 8 8-Bit input port P80– P87Analog input pins for A/D converter, and
AN7– AN08-bit input port
Port 9 8-Bit input/output P97/ SCK1Output for free-running timers 2 and 3
port P96/ RXD1(FTOA2, FTOA3), PWM timer output
P95/ TXD1(PW1, PW2, PW3), serial communication
P94/ SCK2/ interface (SCI1 and SCI2) input/output
PW3(SCK1, RXD1, TXD1, SCK2, RXD2, TXD2),
P93/ RXD2/ and 8-bit input/output port
PW2
P92/ TXD2/
PW1
P91/ FTOA3
P90/ FTOA2
143
9.2 Port 1
9.2.1 Overview
Port 1 is an 8-bit input/output port with the pin configuration shown in figure 9-1. All pins have
dual functions, except that in the single-chip mode pins 4, 3, and 2 do not have the WAIT, BREQ,
and BACK functions (because the CPU does not access an external bus).
Outputs from port 1 can drive one TTL load and a 90 pF capacitive load. They can also drive a
Darlington transistor pair.
9.2.2 Port 1 Registers
Register Configuration: Table 9-2 lists the registers of port 1.
Table 9-2 Port 1 Registers
Name Abbreviation Read/Write Initial Value Address
Port 1 data direction register P1DDR W H'03 H'FE80
Port 1 data register P1DR R/W*1Undetermined*2H'FE82
System control register 1 SYSCR1 R/W H'87 H'FEFC
*1 Bits 1 and 0 are read-only.
*2 Bits 1 and 0 are undetermined. Other bits are initialized to 0.
Pin Expanded Modes Single-Chip Mode
P17/ TMO P17(input/output) / TMO (output) P17(input/output) / TMO (output)
P16/ IRQ1/ P16(input/output) / IRQ1(input) / P16(input/output) / IRQ1(input) /
ADTRG ADTRG (input) ADTRG (input)
P15/ IRQ0P15(input/output) / IRQ0(input) P15(input/output) / IRQ0(input)
Port P14/ WAIT P14(input/output) / WAIT (input) P14(input/output)
1 P13/ BREQ P13(input/output) / BREQ (input) P13(input/output)
P12/ BACK P12(input/output) / BACK (output) P12(input/output)
P11/ E P11(input) / E (output) P11(input) / E (output)
P10/ ø P10(input) / ø (output) P10(input) / ø (output)
Figure 9-1 Pin Functions of Port 1
144
1. Port 1 Data Direction Register (P1DDR)—H'FE80
P1DDR is an 8-bit register that selects the direction of each pin in port 1. A pin functions as an
output pin if the corresponding bit in P1DDR is set to 1, and as an input pin if the bit is cleared to
0.
P1DDR can be written but not read. An attempt to read this register does not cause an error, but
all bits are read as 1, regardless of their true values.
A reset initializes P1DDR to H'03, so that pins P11and P10carry clock outputs and the other pins
are set for input. In the hardware standby mode, P1DDR is cleared to H'00, stopping the clock
outputs. P1DDR is not initialized in the software standby mode, so if a P1DDR bit is set to 1
when the chip enters the software standby mode, the corresponding pin continues to output the
value in the port 1 data register (or the ø or E clock).
2. Port 1 Data Register (P1DR)—H'FE82
P1DR is an 8-bit register containing the data for pins P17to P10. When the CPU reads P1DR, for
output pins it reads the value in the P1DR latch, but for input pins, it obtains the pin status
directly.
Note that when pins P11and P10are used for output, they output the clock signals (ø and E), not
the contents of P1DR. If the CPU reads Pl1and Pl0(when Pl1DDR = Pl0DDR = 1), it obtains the
clock values at the current instant.
3. System Control Register 1 (SYSCR1)—H'FEFC
Bit 76543210
P17DDR P16DDR P15DDR P14DDR P13DDR P12DDR P11DDR P10DDR
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
Read/Write W W W W W W W W
Bit 76543210
P17P16P15P14P13P12P11P10
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 — —
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R R
Bit 76543210
— IRQ1E IRQ0E NMIEG BRLE — — —
Initial value 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
Read/Write — R/W R/W R/W R/W — — —
145
SYSCR1 selects the functions of four of the port 1 pins. It also selects the input edge of the NMI
pin.
At a reset and in the hardware standby mode, SYSCR1 is initialized to H'87. It is not initialized in
the software standby mode.
Bit 7—Reserved: This bit cannot be modified and is always read as 1.
Bit 6—Interrupt Request 1 Enable (IRQ1E): This bit selects the function of pin P16.
Bit 6
IRQ1E Description
0 P16functions as an input/output pin. (Initial value)
1 P16functions as the IRQ1input pin, regardless of the value set in P16DDR. (However,
the CPU can still read the pin status by reading P1DR.)
Bit 5—Interrupt Request 0 Enable (IRQ0E): This bit selects the function of pin P15.
Bit 5
IRQ0E Description
0 P15functions as an input/output pin. (Initial value)
1 P15functions as the IRQ0input pin, regardless of the value set in P15DDR. (However,
the CPU can still read the pin status by reading P1DR.)
Bit 4—Nonmaskable Interrupt Edge (NMIEG): This bit selects the input edge of the NMI pin.
It is not related to port 0.
Bit 4
NMIEG Description
0 A nonmaskable interrupt is generated on the falling edge (Initial value)
of the input at the NMI pin.
1 A nonmaskable interrupt is generated on the rising edge
of the input at the NMI pin.
Bit 3—Bus Release Enable (BRLE): This bit selects the functions of pins P12and P13. It is
valid only in the expanded modes (modes 1, 2, 3, and 4). In the single-chip mode, pins P12and
P13function as input/output pins regardless of the value of the BRLE bit.
146
Bit 3
BRLE Description
0 P13and P12function as input/output pins. (Initial value)
1 P13functions as the BREQ input pin. P12functions as the BACK output pin.
Bits 2 to 0—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
9.2.3 Pin Functions in Each Mode
Port 1 operates differently in the expanded modes (modes 1, 2, 3, and 4) and the single-chip mode
(mode 7). Table 9-3 explains how the pin functions are selected in the expanded mode. Table 9-4
explains how the pin functions are selected in the single-chip mode.
Table 9-3 Port 1 Pin Functions in Expanded Modes
Pin Selection of Pin Functions
P17/ TMO The function depends on output select bits 3 to 0 (OS3 to OS0) of the 8-bit timer
control/status register (TCSR) and on the P17DDR bit as follows:
OS3 to OS0 All four bits are 0 At least one bit is 1
P17DDR 0 1 0 1
Pin function P17input P17output TMO output
P16/ IRQ1/ The function depends on the IRQ1E bit and the trigger enable bit (TRGE)
ADTRG in the A/D control register (ADCR) as follows:
IRQ1E 0 1
TRGE 0 1 0 1
Pin function P16input/ ADTRG IRQ1input IRQ1and
output input ADTRG
input
When used for P16input/output, the input or output function is selected by P16DDR.
P15/ IRQ0The function depends on the IRQ0E bit and the P15DDR bit as follows:
IRQ0E 0 1
P15DDR 0 1 0 1
Pin function P15input P15output IRQ0input
147
Table 9-3 Port 1 Pin Functions in Expanded Modes (cont)
Pin Selection of Pin Functions
P14/ WAIT The function depends on the wait mode select 1 bit (WMS1) of the wait-state control
register (WCR) and the P14DDR bit as follows:
WMS1 0 1
P14DDR 0 1 0 1
Pin function P14input P14output WAIT input
P13/ BREQ The function depends on the BRLE bit and the P13DDR bit as follows:
BRLE 0 1
P13DDR 0 1 0 1
Pin function P13input P13output BREQ input
P12/ BACK The function depends on the BRLE bit and the P12DDR bit as follows:
BRLE 0 1
P12DDR 0 1 0 1
Pin function P12input P12output BACK output
P11/ E P11DDR 0 1
Pin function Input E clock output
P10/ ø P10DDR 0 1
Pin function Input ø clock output
148
Table 9-4 Port 1 Pin Functions in Single-Chip Modes
Pin Selection of Pin Functions
P17/ TMO The function depends on output select bits 3 to 0 (OS3 to OS0) of the 8-bit timer
control/status register (TCSR) and on the P17DDR bit as follows:
OS3 to OS0 All four bits are 0 At least one bit is 1
P17DDR 0 1 0 1
Pin function P17input P17output TMO output
P16/ IRQ1The function depends on the IRQ1E bit and the trigger enable bit (TRGE)
/ ADTRG in the A/D control register (ADCR) as follows:
IRQ1E 0 1
TRGE 0 1 0 1
Pin function P16input/ ADTRG IRQ1input IRQ1and
output input ADTRG
input
When used for P16input/output, the input or output function is selected by P16DDR.
P15/ IRQ0The function depends on the IRQ0E bit and the P15DDR bit as follows:
IRQ0E 0 1
P15DDR 0 1 0 1
Pin function P15input P15output IRQ0input
P14P14DDR 0 1
Pin function Input Output
P13P13DDR 0 1
Pin function Input Output
149
Table 9-4 Port 1 Pin Functions in Single-Chip Modes (cont)
Pin Selection of Pin Functions
P12P12DDR 0 1
Pin function Input Output
P11/ E P11DDR 0 1
Pin function Input E clock output
P10/ ø P10DDR 0 1
Pin function Input ø clock output
9.3 Port 2
9.3.1 Overview
Port 2 is a five-bit input/output port with the pin configuration shown in figure 9-2. It functions as
an input/output port only in the single-chip mode. In the expanded modes it is used for output of
bus control signals.
Outputs from port 2 can drive one TTL load and a 90 pF capacitive load. They can also drive a
Darlington transistor pair.
Pin Expanded Modes Single-Chip Mode
P24/ WR WR (output) P24(input/output)
Port P23/ RD RD (output) P23(input/output)
2 P22/ DS DS (output) P22(input/output)
P21/ R/W R/W (output) P21(input/output)
P20/ AS AS (output) P20(input/output)
Figure 9-2 Pin Functions of Port 2
150
9.3.2 Port 2 Registers
Register Configuration: Table 9-5 lists the registers of port 2.
Table 9-5 Port 2 Registers
Name Abbreviation Read/Write Initial Value Address
Port 2 data direction register P2DDR W H'E0 H'FE81
Port 2 data register P2DR R/W H'E0 H'FE83
1. Port 2 Data Direction Register (P2DDR)—H'FE81
P2DDR is an 8-bit register that selects the direction of each pin in port 2.
Single-Chip Mode: A pin functions as an output pin if the corresponding bit in P2DDR is set to
1, and as an input pin if the bit is cleared to 0.
Bits 4 to 0 can be written but not read. An attempt to read this register does not cause an error, but
all bits are read as 1, regardless of their true values.
Bits 7 to 5 are reserved. They cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
At a reset and in the hardware standby mode, P2DDR is initialized to H'E0, making all five pins
input pins. P2DDR is not initialized in the software standby mode, so if a P2DDR bit is set to 1
when the chip enters the software standby mode, the corresponding pin continues to output the
value in the port 2 data register.
Expanded Modes: All bits of P2DDR are fixed at 1 and cannot be modified.
Bit 76543210
— — — P24DDR P23DDR P22DDR P21DDR P20DDR
Initial value 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write — — — W W W W W
151
2. Port 2 Data Register (P2DR)—H'FE83
P2DR is an 8-bit register containing the data for pins P24to P20.
Bits 7 to 5 are reserved. They cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
When the CPU reads P2DR, for output pins it reads the value in the P2DR latch, but for input
pins, it obtains the pin status directly.
9.3.3 Pin Functions in Each Mode
Port 2 has different functions in the expanded modes (modes 1, 2, 3, 4) and the single-chip mode
(mode 7). Separate descriptions are given below.
Pin Functions in Expanded Modes: In the expanded modes (modes 1, 2, 3, and 4), all pins of
P2DDR is automatically set to 1 for output. Port 2 outputs the bus control signals (AS, R/W, DS,
RD, WR).
Figure 9-3 shows the pin functions in the expanded modes.
Bit 76543210
— — — P24P23P22P21P20
Initial value 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write — — — R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
WR (output)
Port RD (output)
2 DS (output)
R/W (output)
AS (output)
Figure 9-3 Port 2 Pin Functions in Expanded Modes
152
Pin Functions in Single-Chip Mode: In the single-chip mode (mode 7), each of the port 2 pins
can be designated as an input pin or an output pin, as indicated in figure 9-4, by setting the
corresponding bit in P2DDR to 1 for output or clearing it to 0 for input.
9.4 Port 3
9.4.1 Overview
Port 3 is an 8-bit input/output port with the pin configuration shown in figure 9-5. In the
expanded modes it operates as the external data bus (D7– D0). In the single-chip mode it operates
as a general-purpose input/output port.
Outputs from port 3 can drive one TTL load and a 90pF capacitive load. They can also drive a
Darlington transistor pair.
P24(input/output)
Port P23(input/output)
2 P22(input/output)
P21(input/output)
P20(input/output)
Pin Expanded Modes Single-Chip Mode
P37/ D7D7(input/output) P37(input/output)
P36/ D6D6(input/output) P36(input/output)
P35/ D5D5(input/output) P35(input/output)
Port P34/ D4D4(input/output) P34(input/output)
3 P33/ D3D3(input/output) P33(input/output)
P32/ D2D2(input/output) P32(input/output)
P31/ D1D1(input/output) P31(input/output)
P30/ D0D0(input/output) P30(input/output)
Figure 9-4 Port 2 Pin Functions in Single-Chip Mode
Figure 9-5 Pin Functions of Port 3
153
9.4.2 Port 3 Registers
Register Configuration: Table 9-6 lists the registers of port 3.
Table 9-6 Port 3 Registers
Name Abbreviation Read/Write Initial Value Address
Port 3 data direction register P3DDR W H'00 H'FE84
Port 3 data register P3DR R/W H'00 H'FE86
1. Port 3 Data Direction Register (P3DDR)—H'FE84
P3DDR is an 8-bit register that selects the direction of each pin in port 3.
Single-Chip Mode: A pin functions as an output pin if the corresponding bit in P3DDR is set to
1, and as an input pin if the bit is cleared to 0.
P3DDR can be written but not read. An attempt to read this register does not cause an error, but
all bits are read as 1, regardless of their true values.
At a reset and in the hardware standby mode, P3DDR is initialized to H'00, making all eight pins
input pins. P3DDR is not initialized in the software standby mode, so if a P3DDR bit is set to 1
when the chip enters the software standby mode, the corresponding pin continues to output the
value in the port 3 data register.
Expanded Modes: P3DDR is not used.
Bit 76543210
P37DDR P36DDR P35DDR P34DDR P33DDR P32DDR P31DDR P30DDR
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write W W W W W W W W
154
2. Port 3 Data Register (P3DR)—H'FE86
P3DR is an 8-bit register containing the data for pins P37to P30.
At a reset and in the hardware standby mode, P3DR is initialized to H'00.
When the CPU reads P3DR, for output pins it reads the value in the P3DR latch, but for input
pins, it obtains the pin status directly.
9.4.3 Pin Functions in Each Mode
Port 3 has different functions in the expanded modes (modes 1, 2, 3, 4) and the single-chip mode
(mode 7). Separate descriptions are given below.
Pin Functions in Expanded Modes: In the expanded modes (modes 1, 2, 3, and 4), port 3 is
automatically used as the data bus and P3DDR is ignored. Figure 9-6 shows the pin functions for
the expanded modes.
Bit 76543210
P37P36P35P34P33P32P31P30
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
D7(input/output)
D6(input/output)
D5(input/output)
Port D4(input/output)
3 D3(input/output)
D2(input/output)
D1(input/output)
D0(input/output)
Figure 9-6 Port 3 Pin Functions in Expanded Modes
155
Pin Functions in Single-Chip Mode: In the single-chip mode (mode 7), each of the port 3 pins
can be designated as an input pin or an output pin, as indicated in figure 9-7, by setting the
corresponding bit in P3DDR to 1 for output or clearing it to 0 for input.
9.5 Port 4
9.5.1 Overview
Port 4 is an 8-bit input/output port with the pin configuration shown in figure 9-8. In the
expanded modes it provides the low bits (A7– A0) of the address bus. In the single-chip mode it
operates as a general-purpose input/output port.
Outputs from port 4 can drive one TTL load and a 90 pF capacitive load. They can also drive a
Darlington transistor pair or LED (with 10 mA current sink).
P37(input/output)
P36(input/output)
P35(input/output)
Port P34(input/output)
3 P33(input/output)
P32(input/output)
P31(input/output)
P30(input/output)
Pin Expanded Modes Single-Chip Mode
P47/ A7A7(output) P47(input/output)
P46/ A6A6(output) P46(input/output)
P45/ A5A5(output) P45(input/output)
Port P44/ A4A4(output) P44(input/output)
4 P43/ A3A3(output) P43(input/output)
P42/ A2A2(output) P42(input/output)
P41/ A1A1(output) P41(input/output)
P40/ A0A0(output) P40(input/output)
Figure 9-7 Port 3 Pin Functions in Single-Chip Mode
Figure 9-8 Pin Functions of Port 4
156
9.5.2 Port 4 Registers
Register Configuration: Table 9-7 lists the registers of port 4.
Table 9-7 Port 4 Registers
Name Abbreviation Read/Write Initial Value Address
Port 4 data direction register P4DDR W H'00 H'FE85
Port 4 data register P4DR R/W H'00 H'FE87
1. Port 4 Data Direction Register (P4DDR)—H'FE85
P4DDR is an 8-bit register that selects the direction of each pin in port 4.
Single-Chip Mode: A pin functions as an output pin if the corresponding bit in P4DDR is set to
1, and as in input pin if the bit is cleared to 0.
P4DDR can be written but not read. An attempt to read this register does not cause an error, but
all bits are read as 1, regardless of their true values.
At a reset and in the hardware standby mode, P4DDR is initialized to H'00, making all eight pins
input pins. P4DDR is not initialized in the software standby mode, so if a P4DDR bit is set to 1
when the chip enters the software standby mode, the corresponding pin continues to output the
value in the port 4 data register.
Expanded Modes: All bits of P4DDR are fixed at 1 and cannot be modified.
Bit 76543210
P47DDR P46DDR P45DDR P44DDR P43DDR P42DDR P41DDR P40DDR
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write W W W W W W W W
157
2. Port 4 Data Register (P4DR)—H'FE87
P4DR is an 8-bit register containing the data for pins P47to P40.
At a reset and in the hardware standby mode, P4DR is initialized to H'00.
When the CPU reads P4DR, for output pins it reads the value in the P4DR latch, but for input
pins, it obtains the pin status directly.
9.5.3 Pin Functions in Each Mode
Port 4 has different functions in the expanded modes (modes 1, 2, 3, 4) and the single-chip mode
(mode 7). Separate descriptions are given below.
Pin Functions in Expanded Modes: In the expanded modes (modes 1, 2, 3, and 4), port 4 is
used for output of the low bits (A7– A0) of the address bus. P4DDR is automatically set for
output. Figure 9-9 shows the pin functions for the expanded modes.
Pin Functions in Single-Chip Mode: In the single-chip mode (mode 7), each of the port 4 pins
can be designated as an input pin or an output pin, as indicated in figure 9-10, by setting the
corresponding bit in P4DDR to 1 for output or clearing it to 0 for input.
Bit 76543210
P47P46P45P44P43P42P41P40
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
A7(output)
A6(output)
A5(output)
Port A4(output)
4 A3(output)
A2(output)
A1(output)
A0(output)
Figure 9-9 Port 4 Pin Functions in Expanded Modes
158
9.6 Port 5
9.6.1 Overview
Port 5 is an 8-bit input/output port with the pin configuration shown in figure 9-11. In the
expanded modes that use the on-chip ROM (modes 2 and 4), the pins of port 5 function either as
general-purpose input pins or as bits A15 – A8of the address bus, depending on the port 5 data
direction register (P5DDR).
Port 5 has built-in MOS pull-ups that can be turned on or off under program control.
Outputs from port 5 can drive one TTL load and a 90 pF capacitive load. They can also drive a
Darlington transistor pair.
P47(input/output)
P46(input/output)
P45(input/output)
Port P44(input/output)
4 P43(input/output)
P42(input/output)
P41(input/output)
P40(input/output)
Pin Modes 1 and 3 Modes 2 and 4 Single-Chip Mode
P57/ A15 A15 (output) P57(input) / A15 (output) P57(input/output)
P56/ A14 A14 (output) P56(input) / A14 (output) P56(input/output)
P55/ A13 A13 (output) P55(input) / A13 (output) P55(input/output)
Port P54/ A12 A12 (output) P54(input) / A12 (output) P54(input/output)
5 P53/ A11 A11 (output) P53(input) / A11 (output) P53(input/output)
P52/ A10 A10 (output) P52(input) / A10 (output) P52(input/output)
P51/ A9A9(output) P51(input) / A9(output) P51(input/output)
P50/ A8A8(output) P50(input) / A8(output) P50(input/output)
Figure 9-10 Port 4 Pin Functions in Single-Chip Mode
Figure 9-11 Pin Functions of Port 5
159
9.6.2 Port 5 Registers
Register Configuration: Table 9-8 lists the registers of port 5.
Table 9-8 Port 5 Registers
Name Abbreviation Read/Write Initial Value Address
Port 5 data direction register P5DDR W H'00 H'FE88
Port 5 data register P5DR R/W H'00 H'FE8A
1. Port 5 Data Direction Register (P5DDR)—H'FE88
P5DDR is an 8-bit register that selects the direction of each pin in port 5.
Single-Chip Mode: A pin functions as an output pin if the corresponding bit in P5DDR is set to
1, and as an input pin if the bit is cleared to 0.
P5DDR can be written but not read. An attempt to read this register does not cause an error, but
all bits are read as 1, regardless of their true values.
At a reset and in the hardware standby mode, P5DDR is initialized to H'00, making all eight pins
input pins. P5DDR is not initialized in the software standby mode, so if a P5DDR bit is set to 1
when the chip enters the software standby mode, the corresponding pin continues to output the
value in the port 5 data register.
Expanded Modes Using On-Chip ROM (Modes 2 and 4): If a 1 is set in P5DDR, the
corresponding pin is used for address output. If a 0 is set in P5DDR, the pin is used for general-
purpose input. P5DDR is initialized to H'00 at a reset and in the hardware standby mode.
Expanded Modes Not Using On-Chip ROM (Modes 1 and 3): All bits of P5DDR are fixed at
1 and cannot be modified. Port 5 is used for address output.
Bit 76543210
P57DDR P56DDR P55DDR P54DDR P53DDR P52DDR P51DDR P50DDR
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write W W W W W W W W
160
Port 5 Data Register (P5DR)—H'FE8A
P5DR is an 8-bit register containing the data for pins P57to P50.
At a reset and in the hardware standby mode, P5DR is initialized to H'00.
When the CPU reads P5DR, for output pins it reads the value in the P5DR latch, but for input
pins, it obtains the pin status directly.
9.6.3 Pin Functions in Each Mode
Port 5 operates in one way in modes 1 and 3, in another way in modes 2 and 4, and in a third way
in mode 7. Separate descriptions are given below.
Pin Functions in Modes 1 and 3: In modes 1 and 3 (expanded modes in which the on-chip ROM
is not used), all bits of P5DDR are automatically set to 1 for output, and the pins of port 5 carry
bits A15 – A8of the address bus. Figure 9-12 shows the pin functions for modes 1 and 3.
Bit 76543210
P57P56P55P54P53P52P51P50
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
A15 (output)
A14 (output)
A13 (output)
Port A12 (output)
5 A11 (output)
A10 (output)
A9(output)
A8(output)
Figure 9-12 Port 5 Pin Functions in Modes 1 and 3
161
Pin Functions in Modes 2 and 4: In modes 2 and 4, (expanded modes in which the on-chip
ROM is used), software can select whether to use port 5 for general-purpose input, or for output
of bits A15 – A8of the address bus.
If a bit in P5DDR is set to 1, the corresponding pin is used for address output. If the bit is cleared
to 0, the pin is used for input. A reset clears all P5DDR bits to 0, so before the address bus is
used, all necessary bits in P5DDR must be set to 1.
Figure 9-13 shows the pin functions in modes 2 and 4.
Pin Functions in Single-Chip Mode: In the single-chip mode (mode 7), each of the port 5 pins
can be designated as an input pin or an output pin, as indicated in figure 9-14, by setting the
corresponding bit in P5DDR to 1 for output or clearing it to 0 for input.
When P5DDR When P5DDR Bit
Bit is Set to “1” is Cleared to “0”
A15 (output) P57(input)
A14 (output) P56(input)
A13 (output) P55(input)
Port A12 (output) P54(input)
5 A11 (output) P53(input)
A10 (output) P52(input)
A9(output) P51(input)
A8(output) P50(input)
P57(input/output)
P56(input/output)
P55(input/output)
Port P54(input/output)
5 P53(input/output)
P52(input/output)
P51(input/output)
P50(input/output)
Figure 9-13 Port 5 Pin Functions in Modes 2 and 4
Figure 9-14 Port 5 Pin Functions in Single-Chip Mode
162
9.6.4 Built-In MOS Pull-Up
The MOS input pull-ups of port 5 are turned on by clearing the corresponding bit in P5DDR to 0
and writing a 1 in P5DR. These pull-ups are turned off at a reset and in the hardware standby
mode. Table 9-9 indicates the status of the MOS pull-ups in various modes.
Table 9-9 Status of MOS Pull-Ups for Port 5
Mode Reset Hardware Standby Mode Other Operating States*
1 OFF OFF OFF
2 ON/OFF
3 OFF
4
7
*Including the software standby mode.
Notation:
OFF: The MOS pull-up is always off.
ON/OFF: The MOS pull-up is on when P5DDR = 0 and P5DR = 1, and off otherwise.
Note on Usage of MOS Pull-Ups
If the bit manipulation instructions listed below are executed on input/output ports 5 and 6 which
have selectable MOS pull-ups, the logic levels at input pins will be transferred to the DR latches,
causing the MOS pull-ups to be unintentionally switched on or off.
This can occur with the following bit manipulation instructions: BSET, BCLR, BNOT
(1) Specific Example (BSET Instruction): An example will be shown in which the BSET
instruction is executed for port 5 under the following conditions:
P57: Input pin, low, MOS pull-up transistor on
P56: Input pin, high, MOS pull-up transistor off
P55– P50: Output pins, low
The intended purpose of this BSET instruction is to switch the output level at P50from low
to high.
ON/OFF
163
164
A: Before Execution of BSET Instruction
P57P56P55P54P53P52P51P50
Input/output Input Input Output Output Output Output Output Output
Pin state Low High Low Low Low Low Low Low
DDR 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
DR 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pull-up On Off Off Off Off Off Off Off
B: Execution of BSET Instruction
BSET.B #0 @PORT5 ;set bit 0 in data register
C: After Execution of BSET Instruction
P57P56P55P54P53P52P51P50
Input/output Input Input Output Output Output Output Output Output
Pin state Low High Low Low Low Low Low High
DDR 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
DR 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
Pull-up Off On Off Off Off Off Off Off
Explanation: To execute the BSET instruction, the CPU begins by reading port 5. Since P57and
P56are input pins, the CPU reads the level of these pins directly, not the value in the data register.
It reads P57as low (0) and P56as high (1).
Since P55to P50are output pins, for these pins the CPU reads the value in the data register (0).
The CPU therefore reads the value of port 5 as H'40, although the actual value in P5DR is H'80.
Next the CPU sets bit 0 of the read data to 1, changing the value to H'41.
Finally, the CPU writes this value (H'41) back to P5DR to complete the BSET instruction.
As a result, bit P50is set to 1, switching pin P50to high output. In addition, bits P57and P56are
both modified, changing the on/off settings of the MOS pull-up transistors of pins P57and P56.
Programming Solution: The switching of the pull-ups for P57and P56in the preceding example
can be avoided by using a byte in RAM as a work area for P5DR, performing bit manipulations on
the work area, then writing the result to P5DR.
A: Before Execution of BSET Instruction
MOV.B #80, R0 ;write data (H'80) for data register
MOV.B R0, @RAM0 ;write to work area (RAM0)
MOV.B R0, @PORT5 ;write to P5DR
P57P56P55P54P53P52P51P50
Input/output Input Input Output Output Output Output Output Output
Pin state Low High Low Low Low Low Low Low
DDR 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
DR 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pull-up On Off Off Off Off Off Off Off
RAM0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
B: Execution of BSET Instruction
BSET.B #0, @RAM0 ;set bit 0 in work area (RAM0)
C: After Execution of BSET Instruction
MOV.B @RAM0, R0 ;get value in work area (RAM0)
MOV.B R0, @PORT5 ;write value to P5DR
P57P56P55P54P53P52P51P50
Input/output Input Input Output Output Output Output Output Output
Pin state Low High Low Low Low Low Low High
DDR 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
DR 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Pull-up On Off Off Off Off Off Off Off
RAM0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9.7 Port 6
9.7.1 Overview
Port 6 is a 4-bit input/output port with the pin configuration shown in figure 9-15. In modes 7, 2,
and 1, port 6 is used for IRQ2to IRQ5input and PWM timer output. In mode 4, port 6 is used for
IRQ2to IRQ5input and page address output. In mode 3, port 6 is used for page address output.
Port 6 has built-in MOS pull-ups that can be turned on or off under program control.
Outputs from port 6 can drive one TTL load and a 90 pF capacitive load. They can also drive a
Darlington transistor pair.
165
9.7.2 Port 6 Registers
Register Configuration: Table 9-10 lists the registers of port 6.
Table 9-10 Port 6 Registers
Name Abbreviation Read/Write Initial Value Address
Port 6 data direction register P6DDR W H'F0 H'FE89
Port 6 data register P6DR R/W H'F0 H'FE8B
System control register 2 SYSCR2 R/W H'80 H'FEFD
1. Port 6 Data Direction Register (P6DDR)—H'FE89
P6DDR is an 8-bit register that selects the direction of each pin in port 6.
Single-Chip Mode and Expanded Minimum Modes: A pin functions as an output pin if the
corresponding bit in P6DDR is set to 1, and as in input pin if the bit is cleared to 0.
Bits 7 to 4 are reserved. They cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
Pin Mode 3 Mode 4 Mode 1 and 2 and
Single-Chip Mode
P63/ PW3/ A19 (output) P63(input) / IRQ5(input) / P63(input/output) /
IRQ5/ A19 A19 (output) IRQ5(input) /
PW3(output)
P62/ PW2/ A18 (output) P62(input) / IRQ4(input) / P62(input/output) /
Port IRQ4/ A18 A18 (output) IRQ4(input) /
6 PW2(output)
P61/ PW1/ A17 (output) P61(input) / IRQ3(input) / P61(input/output) /
IRQ3/ A17 A17 (output) IRQ3(input) /
PW1(output)
P60/ IRQ2/ A16 (output) P60(input) / IRQ2(input) / P60(input/output) /
A16 A16 (output) IRQ2(input)
Bit 76543210
— — — — P63DDR P62DDR P61DDR P60DDR
Initial value 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
Read/Write — — — — W W W W
Figure 9-15 Pin Functions of Port 6
166
Bits 3 to 0 can be written but not read. An attempt to read these bits does not cause an error, but
all bits are read as 1, regardless of their true values.
At a reset and in the hardware standby mode, P6DDR is initialized to H'F0, making all four pins
input pins. P6DDR is not initialized in the software standby mode. In the single-chip mode, if a
P6DDR bit is set to 1 when the chip enters the software standby mode, the corresponding pin
continues to output the value in the port 6 data register.
Expanded Maximum Mode Using On-Chip ROM (Mode 4): If a 1 is set in P6DDR, the
corresponding pin is used for address output. If a 0 is set in P6DDR, the pin is used for input.
P6DDR is initialized to H'F0 at a reset and in the hardware standby mode.
Expanded Maximum Mode Not Using On-Chip ROM (Mode 3): All bits of P6DDR are fixed
at 1 and cannot be modified.
2. Port 6 Data Register (P6DR)—H'FE8B
P6DR is an 8-bit register containing data for pins P63to P60.
Bits 7 to 4 are reserved. They cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
At a reset and in the hardware standby mode, P6DR is initialized to H'F0.
When the CPU reads P6DR, for output pins it reads the value in the P6DR latch, but for input
pins, it obtains the pin status directly.
3. System Control Register 2 (SYSCR2)—H'FEFD
Bit 76543210
— — — — P63P62P61P60
Initial value 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
Read/Write — — — — R/W R/W R/W R/W
Bit 76543210
— IRQ5E IRQ4E IRQ3E IRQ2EP6PWME P9PWME P9SCI2E
Initial value 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write — R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
167
SYSCR2 controls the functions of port 6 and the functions of some pins in port 9.
SYSCR2 is initialized to H'80 by a reset and in the hardware standby mode. It is not initialized in
the software standby mode.
Bit 7—Reserved: This bit cannot be modified and is always read as 1.
Bit 6—Interrupt Request 5 Enable (IRQ5E): Selects the function of pin P63.
Bit 6
IRQ5E Description
0 P63functions as an input/output pin (but as the PW3 output pin (Initial value)
if P6PWME and the OE bit of PWM timer 3 are both set to 1).
1 P63is the IRQ5input pin regardless of the value of P63DDR (although the logic level
of the pin can still be read).
Bit 5—Interrupt Request 4 Enable (IRQ4E): Selects the function of pin P62.
Bit 5
IRQ4E Description
0 P62functions as an input/output pin (but as the PW2 output (Initial value)
pin if P6PWME and the OE bit of PWM timer 2 are both set to 1).
1 P62is the IRQ4input pin regardless of the value of P62DDR (although the logic level
of the pin can still be read).
Bit 4—Interrupt Request 3 Enable (IRQ3E): Selects the function of pin P61.
Bit 4
IRQ3E Description
0 P61functions as an input/output pin (but as the PW1 output (Initial value)
pin if P6PWME and the OE bit of PWM timer 1 are both set to 1).
1 P61is the IRQ3input pin regardless of the value of P61DDR (although the logic level
of the pin can still be read).
Bit 3—Interrupt Request 2 Enable (IRQ2E): Selects the function of pin P60.
Bit 3
IRQ2E Description
0 P60functions as an input/output pin. (Initial value)
1 P60is the IRQ2input pin regardless of the value of P60DDR (although the logic level
of the pin can still be read).
168
Bit 2—Port 6 PWM Enable (P6PWME): Controls pin functions of port 6.
Bit 2
P6PWME Description
0 P63to P61function as input/output pins (Initial value)
(or as IRQ input pins when bits IRQ5E to IRQ3E are set to 1).
1 P63to P61function as PWM output pins if the corresponding OE bit of PWM3 to PWM1
is set to 1. If the OE bit is cleared to 0 or the IRQE bit is set to 1, the pin functions as an
input/output pin.
Bit 1—Port 9 PWM Enable (P9PWME): Controls pin functions of port 9.
Bit 1
P9PWME Description
0 The PWM functions of P94to P92are disabled. (Initial value)
(See section 9.10.3, “Pin Functions.”)
1 The PWM functions of P94to P92are enabled. (See section 9.10.3, “Pin Functions.”)
Bit 0—Port 9 SCI2 Enable (P9PWME): Controls pin functions of port 9.
Bit 1
P9SCI2E Description
0 The serial communication interface functions of P94to P92(Initial value)
are disabled. (See section 9.10.3, “Pin Functions.”)
1 The serial communication interface functions of P94 to P92 are enabled. (See section
9.10.3, “Pin Functions.”)
169
9.7.3 Pin Functions in Each Mode
The usage of port 6 depends on the MCU operating mode. Separate descriptions are given below.
Pin Functions in Mode 3: In mode 3 (the expanded maximum mode in which the on-chip ROM
is not used), P6DDR is automatically set for output, and the pins of port 6 carry the page address
bits (A19 – A16) of the address bus. Figure 9-16 shows the pin functions for mode 3.
Pin Functions in Mode 4: In mode 4, (the expanded maximum mode in which the on-chip ROM
is used), software can select whether to use port 6 for general-purpose input, IRQ2to IRQ5input,
or output of page address bits.
If a bit in P6DDR is set to 1, the corresponding pin is used for page address output. If the P6DDR
bit is cleared to 0 and the corresponding IRQnE bit is cleared to 0, the pin is used for general-
purpose input. If the P6DDR bit is cleared to 0 and the corresponding IRQnE bit is set to 1, the
pin is used for IRQ2to IRQ5input. A reset initializes these pins to the general-purpose input
function, so when the address bus is used, all necessary bits in P6DDR must first be set to 1.
Figure 9-17 shows the pin functions in mode 4.
Pin Functions in Single-Chip Mode and Expanded Minimum Modes: In the single-chip mode
(mode 7) and expanded minimum modes (modes 1 and 2), the port 6 pins can be designated
individually as input or output pins.
Port 6 can be used for general-purpose input/output, IRQ input, or PWM output, depending on the
combination of settings of the IRQE and P6PWME bits in system control register 2 and the OE
A19 (output)
Port A18 (output)
6 A17 (output)
A16 (output)
Figure 9-16 Port 6 Pin Functions in Mode 3
When P6DDR Bit When P6DDR Bit is Cleared to 0
is Set to 1 IRQnE = 0 IRQnE = 1
A19 (output) P63(input) IRQ5
Port A18 (output) P62(input) IRQ4
6 A17 (output) P61(input) IRQ3
A16 (output) P60(input) IRQ2
Figure 9-17 Port 6 Pin Functions in Mode 4
170
bits of the three PWM timers.
Figure 9-18 shows the pin functions in modes 7, 2, and 1.
Table 9-11 Port 6 Pin Functions in Modes 7, 2, and 1
Pin Selection of Pin Functions
P63/ IRQ5/ The function depends on the interrupt request 5 enable bit (IRQ5E) and port 6 PWM
PW3enable bit (P6PWME) in system control register 2 (SYSCR2), and the output enable
bit (OE) of PWM timer 3.
IRQ5E 0 1
P6PWME 0 1 0 1
OE 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
Pin function P63input/output PW3output IRQ5input IRQ5input
When used for P63input/output, the input or output function is selected by P63DDR.
P62/ IRQ4/ The function depends on the interrupt request 4 enable bit (IRQ4E) and P6PWME
PW2bit in SYSCR2, and the OE bit of PWM timer 2.
IRQ4E 0 1
P6PWME 0 1 0 1
OE 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
Pin function P62input/output PW2output IRQ4input IRQ4input
When used for P62input/output, the input or output function is selected by P62DDR.
P63(input/output) / IRQ5/ PW3
Port P62(input/output) / IRQ4/ PW2
6 P61(input/output) / IRQ3/ PW1
P60(input/output) / IRQ2
Figure 9-18 Port 6 Pin Functions in Modes 7, 2, and 1
171
Table 9-11 Port 6 Pin Functions in Modes 7, 2, and 1 (cont)
Pin Selection of Pin Functions
P61/ IRQ3/ The function depends on the interrupt request 3 enable bit (IRQ3E) and P6PWME
PW1bit in SYSCR2, and the OE bit of PWM timer 1.
IRQ3E 0 1
P6PWME 0 1 0 1
OE 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
Pin function P61input/output PW1output IRQ3input IRQ3input
When used for P61input/output, the input or output function is selected by P61DDR.
P60/ IRQ2The function depends on the interrupt request 2 enable bit (IRQ2E) in SYSCR2.
IRQ2E 0 1
Pin function P60input/output IRQ2input
When used for P60input/output, the input or output function is selected by P60DDR.
9.7.4 Built-In MOS Pull-Up
Port 6 has programmable MOS input pull-ups which are turned on by clearing the corresponding
bit in P6DDR to 0 and writing a 1 in P6DR. These pull-ups are turned off at a reset and in the
hardware standby mode. Table 9-12 indicates the status of the MOS pull-ups in various modes.
Table 9-12 Status of MOS Pull-Ups for Port 5
Mode Reset Hardware Standby Mode Other Operating States*
1 OFF OFF
2
3 OFF
4
7
* Including software standby mode.
Notation:
OFF: The MOS pull-up is always off.
ON/OFF: The MOS pull-up is on when P6DDR = 0 and P6DR = 1, and off otherwise.
Note: When P61, P62, and P63are used for PWM timer output, their MOS pull-ups are switched
off regardless of the values in P6DDR and P6DR.
ON/OFF
ON/OFF
172
9.8 Port 7
9.8.1 Overview
Port 7 is an 8-bit input/output port with the pin configuration shown in figure 9-19. Its pins also
carry input and output signals for the on-chip free-running timers (FRT1, FRT2, and FRT3), and
two input signals for the on-chip 8-bit timer.
Port 7 has Schmitt inputs. Outputs from port 7 can drive one TTL load and a 30 pF capacitive
load. They can also drive a Darlington transistor pair.
9.8.2 Port 7 Registers
Register Configuration: Table 9-13 lists the registers of port 7.
Table 9-13 Port 7 Registers
Name Abbreviation Read/Write Initial Value Address
Port 7 data direction register P7DDR W H'00 H'FE8C
Port 7 data register P7DR R/W H'00 H'FE8E
1. Port 7 Data Direction Register (P7DDR)—H'FE8C
P7DDR is an 8-bit register that selects the direction of each pin in port 7. A pin functions as an
output pin if the corresponding bit in P7DDR is set to 1, and as an input pin if the bit is cleared to 0.
P77(input/output) / FTOA1(output)
P76(input/output) / FTOB3(output) / FTCI3(input)
P75(input/output) / FTOB2(output) / FTCI2(input)
Port P74(input/output) / FTOB1(output) / FTCI1(input)
7 P73(input/output) / FTI3(input) /TMRI (input)
P72(input/output) / FTI2(input)
P71(input/output) / FTI1(input)
P70(input/output) / TMCI (input)
Figure 9-19 Pin Functions of Port 7
Bit 76543210
P77DDR P76DDR P75DDR P74DDR P73DDR P72DDR P71DDR P70DDR
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write W W W W W W W W
173
P7DDR can be written but not read. An attempt to read this register does not cause an error, but
all bits are read as 1, regardless of their true values.
At a reset and in the hardware standby mode, P7DDR is initialized to H'00, setting all pins for
input. P7DDR is not initialized in the software standby mode, so if a P7DDR bit is set to 1 when
the chip enters the software standby mode, the corresponding pin continues to output the value in
the port 7 data register.
A transition to the software standby mode initializes the on-chip supporting modules, so any pins
of port 7 that were being used by an on-chip timer when the transition occurs revert to general-
purpose input or output, controlled by P7DDR and P7DR.
2. Port 7 Data Register (P7DR)—H'FE8E
P7DR is an 8-bit register containing the data for pins P77to P70. When the CPU reads P7DR, for
output pins it reads the value in the P7DR latch, but for input pins, it obtains the pin status
directly.
9.8.3 Pin Functions
The pin functions of port 7 are the same in all MCU operating modes. As figure 9-19 indicated,
these pins are used for input and output of on-chip timer signals as well as for general-purpose
input and output. For some pins, two or more functions can be enabled simultaneously.
Bit 76543210
P77P76P75P74P73P72P71P70
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
174
Table 9-14 shows how the functions of the pins of port 7 are selected.
Table 9-14 Port 7 Pin Functions
Pin Selection of Pin Functions
P77/ The function depends on the output enable A bit (OEA) of the FRT1 timer control
FTOA1register (TCR) and on the P77DDR bit as follows:
OEA 0 1
P77DDR 0 1 0 1
Pin function P77input P77output FTOA1output
P76/ The function depends on the output compare B bit (OEB) of the FRT3 timer control
FTOB3/ register (TCR) and on the P76DDR bit as follows:
FTCI3OEB 0 1
P76DDR 0 1 0 1
Pin function P76input P76output FTOB3output
FTCI3input
P75/ The function depends on the output compare B bit (OEB) of the FRT2 timer control
FTOB2/ register (TCR) and on the P75DDR bit as follows:
FTCI2OEB 0 1
P75DDR 0 1 0 1
Pin function P75input P75output FTOB2output
FTCI2input
P74/ The function depends on the output compare B bit (OEB) of the FRT1 timer control
FTOB1/ register (TCR) and on the P74DDR bit as follows:
FTCI1OEB 0 1
P74DDR 0 1 0 1
Pin function P74input P74output FTOB1output
FTCI1input
175
Table 9-14 Port 7 Pin Functions (cont)
Pin Selection of Pin Functions
P73/ FTI3/ The function depends on the counter clear bits 1 and 0 (CCLR1 and CCLR0) in the
TMRI timer control register (TCR) of the 8-bit timer, and on the P73DDR bit as follows:
The TMRI function is operative when bits CCLR0 and CCLR1 in the timer control
register (TCR) of the 8-bit timer are both set to 1.
P73DDR 0 1
Pin function P73input P73output
FTI3input and TMRI input
P72/ FTI2P72DDR 0 1
Pin function P72input P72output
FTI2input
P71/ FTI1P71DDR 0 1
Pin function P71input P71output
FTI1input
P70/ TMCI This pin always has a general-purpose input/output function, and can simultaneously
be used for external clock input for the 8-bit timer, depending on clock select bits 2 to
0 (CKS2, CKS1, and CKS0) in the timer control register (TCR). See section 11,
“8-Bit Timer” for details.
P70DDR 0 1
Pin function P70input P70output
TMCI input
176
9.9 Port 8
9.9.1 Overview
Port 8 is an 8-bit input port that also receives inputs for the on-chip A/D converter. The pin
functions are the same in all MCU operating modes, as shown in figure 9-20.
9.9.2 Port 8 Registers
Register Configuration: Port 8 has only the data register described in table 9-15. Since it is
exclusively an input port, there is no data direction register.
Table 9-15 Port 8 Registers
Name Abbreviation Read/Write Address
Port 8 data register P8DR R H'FE8F
1. Port 8 Data Register (P8DR)—H'FE8F
When the CPU reads P8DR it always reads the current status of each pin, except that during A/D
conversion, the pin being used for analog input reads 1 regardless of the input voltage at that pin.
P87(input) / AN7(input)
P86(input) / AN6(input)
P85(input) / AN5(input)
Port P84(input) / AN4(input)
8 P83(input) / AN3(input)
P82(input) / AN2(input)
P81(input) / AN1(input)
P80(input) / AN0(input)
Figure 9-20 Pin Functions of Port 8
Bit 76543210
P87P86P85P84P83P82P81P80
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R R R R R R R
177
9.10 Port 9
9.10.1 Overview
Port 9 is an 8-bit input/output port with the pin configuration shown in figure 9-21. In addition to
general-purpose input and output, its pins are used for the output compare A signals from free-
running timers 2 and 3, for PWM timer output, and for input and output by the on-chip serial
communication interfaces (SCI1 and SCI2). The pin functions are the same in all MCU operating
modes.
Outputs from port 9 can drive one TTL load and a 30 pF capacitive load. They can also drive a
Darlington transistor pair.
9.10.2 Port 9 Registers
Register Configuration: Table 9-16 lists the registers of port 9.
Table 9-16 Port 9 Registers
Name Abbreviation Read/Write Initial Value Address
Port 9 data direction register P9DDR W H'00 H'FEFE
Port 9 data register P9DR R/W H'00 H'FEFF
P97(input/output) / SCK1(input/output)
P96(input/output) / RXD1(input)
P95(input/output) / TXD1(output)
Port P94(input/output) / SCK2(input/output)*/ PW3(output)
9 P93(input/output) / RXD2(input)*/ PW2(output)
P92(input/output) / TXD2(output)*/ PW1(output)
P91(input/output) / FTOA3(output)
P90(input/output) / FTOA2(output)
*The SCI2 functions of P92, P93, and P94cannot be combined with the PWM functions.
Figure 9-21 Pin Functions of Port 9
178
1. Port 9 Data Direction Register (P9DDR)—H'FEFE
P9DDR is an 8-bit register that selects the direction of each pin in port 9. A pin functions as an
output pin if the corresponding bit in P9DDR is set to 1, and as an input pin if the bit is cleared to
0.
P9DDR can be written but not read. An attempt to read this register does not cause an error, but
all bits are read as 1, regardless of their true values.
At a reset and in the hardware standby mode, P9DDR is initialized to H'00, setting all pins for
input. P9DDR is not initialized in the software standby mode, so if a P9DDR bit is set to 1 when
the chip enters the software standby mode, the corresponding pin continues to output the value in
the port 9 data register.
A transition to the software standby mode initializes the on-chip supporting modules, so any pins
of port 9 that were being used by an on-chip module (example: free-running timer output) when
the transition occurs revert to general-purpose input or output, controlled by P9DDR and P9DR.
2. Port 9 Data Register (P9DR)—H'FEFF
P9DR is an 8-bit register containing the data for pins P97to P90. When the CPU reads P9DR, for
output pins it reads the value in the P9DR latch, but for input pins, it obtains the pin status
directly.
9.10.3 Pin Functions
The pin functions of port 9 are the same in all MCU operating modes. As figure 9-21 indicated,
these pins are used for output of on-chip timer signals and for input and output of serial data and
clock signals as well as for general-purpose input and output. Specifically, they carry output
signals for free-running timers 2 and 3, pulse-width modulation (PWM) timer output signals, and
input and output signals for the serial communication interfaces.
Bit 76543210
P97DDR P96DDR P95DDR P94DDR P93DDR P92DDR P91DDR P90DDR
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write W W W W W W W W
Bit 76543210
P97P96P95P94P93P92P91P90
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
179
Table 9-17 shows how the functions of the pins of port 9 are selected.
Table 9-17 Port 9 Pin Functions
Pin Selection of Pin Functions
P97/ The function depends on the communication mode bit (C/A) in the SCI1 serial mode
SCK1register (SMR) and the clock enable 1 and 0 bits (CKE1 and CKE0) in the SCI1
serial control register (SCR).
C/A 0 1
CKE1 0 1 0 1
CKE0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
Pin function P97SCI1 SCI1 external SCI1 internal SCI1 external
input/ internal clock input clock output clock input
output clock
output
When used for P97input/output, the input or output function is selected by P97DDR.
P96/ RXD1The function depends on the receive enable bit (RE) in the SCI1 serial control
register (SCR) and on the P96DDR bit as follows.
RE 0 1
P96DDR 0 1 0 1
Pin function P96input P96output RXD1input
P95/ TXD1The function depends on the transmit enable bit (TE) in SCI1’s SCR and on the
P96DDR bit as follows.
TE 0 1
P95DDR 0 1 0 1
Pin function P95input P95output TXD1output
180
Table 9-17 Port 9 Pin Functions (cont)
Pin Selection of Pin Functions
P94/ SCK2/ The function depends on the output enable bit (OE) of PWM timer 3’s timer control
PW3register (TCR), the C/A bit in SCI2’s SMR, the CKE1 and CKE0 bits in SCI2’s SCR,
and the port 9 PWM enable bit (P9PWME) and port 9 serial enable bit (P9SCI2E) in
system control register 2 (SYSCR2).
P9SCI2E 1 0 1 0
P9PWME 0 1 1 0
OE 0/1 0 1 0/1
C/A 0 1 0/1 0/1 0/1
CKE1 0 1 0 1 0/1 0/1 0/1
CKE0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0/1 0/1 0/1
Pin function P94SCI2 SCI2 SCI2 SCI2 P94PW3P94
input/ internal external internal external input/ output input/
output clock clock clock clock output output
output input output input
When used for P94input/output, the input or output function is selected by P94DDR.
P93/ RXD2/ The function depends on the OE bit in PWM timer 2’s TCR, the RE bit in SCI2’s
PW2SCR, and the P9PWME bit and P9SCI2E bit in SYSCR2.
P9SCI2E 1 0 0 1
P9PWME 0 1 0 1
OE 0 1 0 1 0 1 0/1 0/1
RE 0 1 0 1 0 1 0/1 0/1
Pin function P93RXD2P93PW2P93
input/ input input/ output input/
output output output
When used for P93input/output, the input or output function is selected by P93DDR.
181
Table 9-17 Port 9 Pin Functions (cont)
Pin Selection of Pin Functions
P92/ TXD2/ The function depends on the OE bit in PWM timer 1’s TCR, the TE bit in SCI2’s
PW1SCR, and the P9PWME bit and P9SCI2E bit in SYSCR2.
P9SCI2E 1 0 0 1
P9PWME 0 1 0 1
OE 0 1 0 1 0 1 0/1 0/1
TE 0 1 0 1 0 1 0/1 0/1
Pin function P92TXD2P92PW1P92
input/ output input/ output input/
output output output
When used for P92input/output, the input or output function is selected by P92DDR.
P91/ The function depends on the output enable A bit (OEA) in FRT3’s TCR and on the
FTOA3P91DDR bit as follows.
OEA 0 1
P91DDR 0 1 0 1
Pin function P91input P91output FTOA3output
P90/ The function depends on the output enable A bit (OEA) in FRT2’s TCR and on the
FTOA2P90DDR bit as follows.
OEA 0 1
P90DDR 0 1 0 1
Pin function P90input P90output FTOA2output
182
Section 10 16-Bit Free-Running Timers
10.1 Overview
The H8/534 and H8/536 have an on-chip 16-bit free-running timer (FRT) module with three
independent channels (FRT1, FRT2, and FRT3). All three channels are functionally identical.
Each channel has a 16-bit free-running counter that it uses as a time base. Applications of the
FRT module include rectangular-wave output (up to two independent waveforms per channel),
input pulse width measurement, and measurement of external clock periods.
10.1.1 Features
The features of the free-running timer module are listed below.
• Selection of four clock sources
The free-running counters can be driven by an internal clock source (ø/4, ø/8, or ø/32), or an
external clock input (enabling use as an external event counter).
• Two independent comparators
Each free-running timer channel can generate two independent waveforms.
• Input capture function
The current count can be captured on the rising or falling edge (selectable) of an input signal.
• Four types of interrupts
Compare-match A and B, input capture, and overflow interrupts can be requested
independently.
The compare-match and input capture interrupts can be served by the data transfer controller
(DTC), enabling interrupt-driven data transfer with minimal CPU programming.
• Counter can be cleared under program control
The free-running counters can be cleared on compare-match A.
183
10.1.2 Block Diagram
Figure 10-1 shows a block diagram of one free-running timer channel.
ICI
OCIA
OCIB
FOVI
Interrupt signals
OCRA:
OCRB:
FRC:
ICR:
TCSR:
TCR:
Output Compare Register A
Output Compare Register B
Free Running Counter
Input Capture Register
Timer Control/Status Register
Timer Control Register
TCR
TCSR
ICR
OCRB
Comparator B
Capture
Compare-match B
Clear
Overflow FRC
Comparator A
OCRA
Control
logic
FTOA
FTOB
FTI
FTCI
External clock Internal clock
ø/4
ø/8
ø/32
Clock
Clock select
Compare-match A
Module
data
bus
Internal
data bus
Bus interface
Figure 10-1 Block Diagram of 16-Bit Free-Running Timer
184
10.1.3 Input and Output Pins
Table 10-1 lists the input and output pins of the free-running timer module.
Table 10-1 Input and Output Pins of Free-Running Timer Module
Channel Name Abbreviation I/O Function
1 Output compare A FTOA1Output Output controlled by comparator A of FRT1
Output compare B or FTOB1/ Output / Output controlled by comparator B of FRT1,
counter clock input FTCI1Input or input of external clock source for FRT1
Input capture FTI1Input Trigger for capturing current count of FRT1
2 Output compare A FTOA2Output Output controlled by comparator A of FRT2
Output compare B or FTOB2/ Output / Output controlled by comparator B of FRT2,
counter clock input FTCI2Input or input of external clock source for FRT2
Input capture FTI2Input Trigger for capturing current count of FRT2
3 Output compare A FTOA3Output Output controlled by comparator A of FRT3
Output compare B or FTOB3/ Output / Output controlled by comparator B of FRT3,
counter clock input FTCI3Input or input of external clock source for FRT3
Input capture FTI3Input Trigger for capturing current count of FRT3
185
10.1.4 Register Configuration
Table 10-2 lists the registers of each free-running timer channel.
Table 10-2 Register Configuration
Initial
Channel Name Abbreviation R/W Value Address
Timer control register TCR R/W H'00 H'FE90
Timer control/status register TCSR R/(W)*H'00 H'FE91
Free-running counter (High) FRC (H) R/W H'00 H'FE92
Free-running counter (Low) FRC (L) R/W H'00 H'FE93
1 Output compare register A (High) OCRA (H) R/W H'FF H'FE94
Output compare register A (Low) OCRA (L) R/W H'FF H'FE95
Output compare register B (High) OCRB (H) R/W H'FF H'FE96
Output compare register B (Low) OCRB (L) R/W H'FF H'FE97
Input capture register (High) ICR (H) R H'00 H'FE98
Input capture register (Low) ICR (L) R H'00 H'FE99
Timer control register TCR R/W H'00 H'FEA0
Timer control/status register TCSR R/(W)*H'00 H'FEA1
Free-running counter (High) FRC (H) R/W H'00 H'FEA2
Free-running counter (Low) FRC (L) R/W H'00 H'FEA3
2 Output compare register A (High) OCRA (H) R/W H'FF H'FEA4
Output compare register A (Low) OCRA (L) R/W H'FF H'FEA5
Output compare register B (High) OCRB (H) R/W H'FF H'FEA6
Output compare register B (Low) OCRB (L) R/W H'FF H'FEA7
Input capture register (High) ICR (H) R H'00 H'FEA8
Input capture register (Low) ICR (L) R H'00 H'FEA9
*Software can write a 0 to clear bits 7 to 4, but cannot write a 1 in these bits.
186
Table 10-2 Register Configuration (cont)
Initial
Channel Name Abbreviation R/W Value Address
Timer control register TCR R/W H'00 H'FEB0
Timer control/status register TCSR R/(W)*H'00 H'FEB1
Free-running counter (High) FRC (H) R/W H'00 H'FEB2
Free-running counter (Low) FRC (L) R/W H'00 H'FEB3
3 Output compare register A (High) OCRA (H) R/W H'FF H'FEB4
Output compare register A (Low) OCRA (L) R/W H'FF H'FEB5
Output compare register B (High) OCRB (H) R/W H'FF H'FEB6
Output compare register B (Low) OCRB (L) R/W H'FF H'FEB7
Input capture register (High) ICR (H) R H'00 H'FEB8
Input capture register (Low) ICR (L) R H'00 H'FEB9
*Software can write a 0 to clear bits 7 to 4, but cannot write a 1 in these bits.
10.2 Register Descriptions
10.2.1 Free-Running Counter (FRC)—H'FE92, H'FEA2, H'FEB2
Each FRC is a 16-bit readable/writable up-counter that increments on an internal pulse generated
from a clock source. The clock source is selected by the clock select 1 and 0 bits (CKS1 and
CKS0) of the timer control register (TCR).
The FRC can be cleared by compare-match A.
When the FRC overflows from H'FFFF to H'0000, the overflow flag (OVF) in the timer
control/status register (TCSR) is set to 1.
Because the FRC is a 16-bit register, a temporary register (TEMP) is used when the FRC is
written or read. See section 10.3, “CPU Interface” for details.
The FRCs are initialized to H'0000 at a reset and in the standby modes.
Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Initial value0000000000000000
Read/WriteR/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
187
10.2.2 Output Compare Registers A and B (OCRA and OCRB)—H'FE94 and H'FE96,
H'FEA4 and H'FEA6, H'FEB4 and H'FEB6
OCRA and OCRB are 16-bit readable/writable registers, the contents of which are continually
compared with the value in the FRC. When a match is detected, the corresponding output
compare flag (OCFA or OCFB) is set in the timer control/status register (TCSR).
In addition, if the output enable bit (OEA or OEB) in the timer control register (TCR) is set to 1,
when the output compare register and FRC values match, the logic level selected by the output
level bit (OLVLA or OLVLB) in the timer control status register (TCSR) is output at the output
compare pin (FTOA or FTOB).
The FTOA and FTOB output are 0 before the first compare-match.
Because OCRA and OCRB are 16-bit registers, a temporary register (TEMP) is used when they
are written. See section 10.3, “CPU Interface” for details.
OCRA and OCRB are initialized to H'FFFF at a reset and in the standby modes.
10.2.3 Input Capture Register (ICR)—H'FE98, H'FEA8, H'FEB8
The ICR is a 16-bit read-only register.
When the rising or falling edge of the signal at the input capture input pin is detected, the current
value of the FRC is copied to the ICR. At the same time, the input capture flag (ICF) in the timer
control/status register (TCSR) is set to 1. The input capture edge is selected by the input edge
select bit (IEDG) in the TCSR.
Because the ICR is a 16-bit register, a temporary register (TEMP) is used when the ICR is written
or read. See section 10.3, “CPU Interface” for details.
Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Initial value1111111111111111
Read/WriteR/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Initial value0000000000000000
Read/WriteRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR
188
To ensure input capture, the pulse width of the input capture signal should be at least 1.5 system
clock periods (1.5·ø).
The ICR is initialized to H'0000 at a reset and in the standby modes.
Note: When input capture is detected, the FRC value is transferred to the ICR even if the input
capture flag (ICF) is already set.
10.2.4 Timer Control Register (TCR)
The TCR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that selects the FRC clock source, enables the
output compare signals, and enables interrupts.
The TCR is initialized to H'00 at a reset and in the standby modes.
Bit 7—Input Capture Interrupt Enable (ICIE): This bit selects whether to request an input
capture interrupt (ICI) when the input capture flag (ICF) in the timer status/control register
(TCSR) is set to 1.
Bit 7
ICIE Description
0 The input capture interrupt request (ICI) is disabled. (Initial value)
1 The input capture interrupt request (ICI) is enabled.
Bit 6—Output Compare Interrupt Enable B (OCIEB): This bit selects whether to request
output compare interrupt B (OCIB) when output compare flag B (OCFB) in the timer
status/control register (TCSR) is set to 1.
ø
FTI
Minimum FTI Pulse Width
Bit 76543210
ICIE OCIEB OCIEA OVIE OEB OEA CKS1 CKS0
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
189
Bit 6
OCIEB Description
0 Output compare interrupt request B (OCIB) is disabled. (Initial value)
1 Output compare interrupt request B (OCIB) is enabled.
Bit 5—Output Compare Interrupt Enable A (OCIEA): This bit selects whether to request
output compare interrupt A (OCIA) when output compare flag A (OCFA) in the timer
status/control register (TCSR) is set to 1.
Bit 5
OCIEA Description
0 Output compare interrupt request A (OCIA) is disabled. (Initial value)
1 Output compare interrupt request A (OCIA) is enabled.
Bit 4—Timer Overflow Interrupt Enable (OVIE): This bit selects whether to request a free-
running timer overflow interrupt (FOVI) when the timer overflow flag (OVF) in the timer
status/control register (TCSR) is set to 1.
Bit 4
OVIE Description
0 The free-running timer overflow interrupt request (FOVI) is disabled. (Initial value)
1 The free-running timer overflow interrupt request (FOVI) is enabled.
Bit 3—Output Enable B (OEB): This bit selects whether to enable or disable output of the logic
level selected by the OLVLB bit in the timer status/control register (TCSR) at the output compare
B pin when the FRC and OCRB values match.
Bit 3
OEB Description
0 Output compare B output is disabled. (Initial value)
1 Output compare B output is enabled.
Bit 2—Output Enable A (OEA): This bit selects whether to enable or disable output of the logic
level selected by the OLVLA bit in the timer status/control register (TCSR) at the output compare
A pin when the FRC and OCRA values match.
190
Bit 2
OEA Description
0 Output compare A output is disabled. (Initial value)
1 Output compare A output is enabled.
Bits 1 and 0—Clock Select (CKS1 and CKS0): These bits select external clock input or one of
three internal clock sources for the FRC. External clock pulses are counted on the rising edge.
Bit 1 Bit 0
CKS1 CKS0 Description
0 0 Internal clock source (ø/4) (Initial value)
0 1 Internal clock source (ø/8)
1 0 Internal clock source (ø/32)
1 1 External clock source (counted on the rising edge)
10.2.5 Timer Control/Status Register (TCSR)
The TCSR is an 8-bit readable and partially writable* register that selects the input capture edge
and output compare levels, and specifies whether to clear the counter on compare-match A. It
also contains four status flags.
The TCSR is initialized to H'00 at a reset and in the standby modes.
* Software can write a 0 in bits 7 to 4 to clear the flags, but cannot write a 1 in these bits.
Bit 7—Input Capture Flag (ICF): This status flag is set to 1 to indicate an input capture event.
It signifies that the FRC value has been copied to the ICR.
Bit 76543210
ICF OCFB OCFA OVF OLVLB OLVLA IEDG CCLRA
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/W R/W R/W R/W
191
Bit 7
ICF Description
0 This bit is cleared from 1 to 0 when: (Initial value)
1. The CPU reads the ICF bit after it has been set to 1, then writes a 0 in this bit.
2. The data transfer controller (DTC) serves an input capture interrupt .
1This bit is set to 1 when an input capture signal causes the FRC value to be copied to the ICR.
Bit 6—Output Compare Flag B (OCFB): This status flag is set to 1 when the FRC value
matches the OCRB value.
Bit 6
OCFB Description
0 This bit is cleared from 1 to 0 when: (Initial value)
1. The CPU reads the OCFB bit after it has been set to 1, then writes a 0 in this bit.
2. The data transfer controller (DTC) serves output compare interrupt B.
1 This bit is set to 1 when FRC = OCRB.
Bit 5—Output Compare Flag A (OCFA): This status flag is set to 1 when the FRC value
matches the OCRA value.
Bit 5
OCFA Description
0 This bit is cleared from 1 to 0 when: (Initial value)
1. The CPU reads the OCFA bit after it has been set to 1, then writes a 0 in this bit.
2. The data transfer controller (DTC) serves output compare interrupt A.
1 This bit is set to 1 when FRC = OCRA.
Bit 4—Timer Overflow Flag (OVF): This status flag is set to 1 when the FRC overflows
(changes from H'FFFF to H'0000).
Bit 4
OVF Description
0 This bit is cleared from 1 to 0 when the CPU reads (Initial value)
the OVF bit after it has been set to 1, then writes a 0 in this bit.
1 This bit is set to 1 when FRC changes from H'FFFF to H'0000.
Bit 3—Output Level B (OLVLB): This bit selects the logic level to be output at the FTOB pin
when the FRC and OCRB values match.
192
Bit 3
OLVLB Description
0 A 0 logic level (Low) is output for compare-match B. (Initial value)
1 A 1 logic level (High) is output for compare-match B.
Bit 2—Output Level A (OLVLA): This bit selects the logic level to be output at the FTOA pin
when the FRC and OCRA values match.
Bit 2
OLVLA Description
0 A 0 logic level (Low) is output for compare-match A. (Initial value)
1 A 1 logic level (High) is output for compare-match A.
Bit 1—Input Edge Select (IEDG): This bit selects whether to capture the count on the rising or
falling edge of the input capture signal.
Bit 1
IEDG Description
0 The FRC value is copied to the ICR on the falling edge (Initial value)
of the input capture signal.
1 The FRC value is copied to the ICR on the rising edge
of the input capture signal.
Bit 0—Counter Clear A (CCLRA): This bit selects whether to clear the FRC at compare-match
A (when the FRC and OCRA values match).
Bit 0
CCLRA Description
0 The FRC is not cleared. (Initial value)
1 The FRC is cleared at compare-match A.
193
10.3 CPU Interface
The FRC, OCRA, OCRB, and ICR are 16-bit registers, but they are connected to an 8-bit data
bus. When the CPU accesses these four registers, to ensure that both bytes are written or read
simultaneously, the access is performed using an 8-bit temporary register (TEMP).
These registers are written and read as follows.
• Register Write
When the CPU writes to the upper byte, the upper byte of write data is placed in TEMP. Next,
when the CPU writes to the lower byte, this byte of data is combined with the byte in TEMP
and all 16 bits are written in the register simultaneously.
• Register Read
When the CPU reads the upper byte, the upper byte of data is sent to the CPU and the lower
byte is placed in TEMP. When the CPU reads the lower byte, it receives the value in TEMP.
Programs that access these four registers should normally use word access. Equivalently, they
may access first the upper byte, then the lower byte. Data will not be transferred correctly if the
bytes are accessed in reverse order, or if only one byte is accessed.
Coding Examples : Write the contents of R0 into OCRA in FRT1
MOV.W R0, @H'FE94
: Read ICR of FRT2
MOV.W, @H'FEA8, R0
The same considerations apply to access by the DTC.
Figure 10-2 shows the data flow when the FRC is accessed. The other registers are accessed in
the same way, except that when OCRA or OCRB is read, the upper and lower bytes are both
transferred directly to the CPU without using the temporary register.
194
< Lower byte write >
CPU writes
data H'55 Bus interface
TEMP
[H'AA]
FRCH
[H'AA] FRCL
[H'55]
Module data bus
Fig. 10-2 (a)
< Upper byte write >
CPU writes
data H'AA Bus interface
TEMP
[H'AA]
FRCH
[ ] FRCL
[ ]
Module data bus
Figure 10-2 (a) Write Access to FRC (When CPU Writes H'AA55)
195
10.4 Operation
10.4.1 FRC Incrementation Timing
The FRC increments on a pulse generated once for each period of the selected (internal or
external) clock source.
If external clock input is selected, the FRC increments on the rising edge of the clock signal.
Figure 10-3 shows the increment timing.
< Lower byte read >
CPU writes
data H'55 Bus interface
TEMP
[H'55]
Module data bus
Fig. 10-2 (b)
< Upper byte read >
CPU writes
data H'AA Bus interface
TEMP
[H'55]
Module data bus
FRCH
[ ] FRCL
[ ]
FRCH
[H'AA] FRCL
[H'55]
Figure 10-2 (b) Read Access to FRC (When FRC Contains H'AA55)
196
The pulse width of the external clock signal must be at least 1.5·ø clock periods. The counter will
not increment correctly if the pulse width is shorter than 1.5·ø clock periods.
10.4.2 Output Compare Timing
Setting of Output Compare Flags A and B (OCFA and OCFB): The output compare flags are
set to 1 by an internal compare-match signal generated when the FRC value matches the OCRA or
OCRB value. This compare-match signal is generated at the last state in which the two values
match, just before the FRC increments to a new value.
Accordingly, when the FRC and OCR values match, the compare-match signal is not generated
until the next period of the clock source. Figure 10-4 shows the timing of the setting of the output
compare flags.
ø
FTCI
Minimum FTCI Pulse Width
ø
Fig. 10-3
External clock
source
FRC clock pulse
FRC N N + 1
Figure 10-3 Increment Timing for External Clock Input
197
Output Timing: When a compare-match occurs, the logic level selected by the output level bit
(OLVLA or OLVLB) in the TCSR is output at the output compare pin (FTOA or FTOB).
Figure 10-5 shows the timing of this operation for compare-match A.
FRC
OCR
ø
N
N N + 1
Internal compare-
match signal
OCF
Fig. 10-5
ø
FTOA
Internal compare-
match A signal
OLYLA
Figure 10-4 Setting of Output Compare Flags
Figure 10-5 Timing of Output Compare A
198
FRC Clear Timing: If the CCLRA bit is set to 1, the FRC is cleared when compare-match A
occurs. Figure 10-6 shows the timing of this operation.
10.4.3 Input Capture Timing
1. Input Capture Timing: An internal input capture signal is generated from the rising or falling
edge of the input at the input capture pin (FTI), as selected by the IEDG bit in the TCSR.
Figure 10-7 shows the usual input capture timing when the rising edge is selected (IEDG = 1).
But if the upper byte of the ICR is being read when the input capture signal arrives, the internal
input capture signal is delayed by one state. Figure 10-8 shows the timing for this case.
Internal compare-
match A signal
FRC
ø
N H'0000
Input at FTI pin
Internal input
capture signal
ø
Figure 10-6 Clearing of FRC by Compare-Match A
Figure 10-7 Input Capture Timing (Usual Case)
199
Timing of Input Capture Flag (ICF) Setting: The input capture flag (ICF) is set to 1 by the
internal input capture signal. Figure 10-9 shows the timing of this operation.
Read cycle: CPU reads upper byte of ICR
T1T2T3
Input at FTI pin
Internal input
capture signal
ø
Internal input
capture signal
ICR
ø
ICF
FRC NN – 1
N
N + 1
Figure 10-8 Input Capture Timing (1-State Delay)
Figure 10-9 Setting of Input Capture Flag
200
10.4.4 Setting of FRC Overflow Flag (OVF)
The FRC overflow flag (OVF) is set to 1 when the FRC overflows (changes from H'FFFF to
H'0000). Figure 10-10 shows the timing of this operation.
10.5 CPU Interrupts and DTC Interrupts
Each free-running timer channel can request four types of interrupts: input capture (ICI), output
compare A and B (OCIA and OCIB), and overflow (FOVI). Each interrupt is requested when the
corresponding enable and flag bits are set. Independent signals are sent to the interrupt controller
for each type of interrupt. Table 10-3 lists information about these interrupts.
Table 10-3 Free-Running Timer Interrupts
Interrupt Description DTC Service Available? Priority
ICI Requested when ICF is set Yes High
OCIA Requested when OCFA is set Yes
OCIB Requested when OCFB is set Yes
FOVI Requested when OVF is set No Low
The ICI, OCIA, and OCIB interrupts can be directed to the data transfer controller (DTC) to have
a data transfer performed in place of the usual interrupt-handling routine.
When the DTC serves one of these interrupts, it automatically clears the ICF, OCFA, or OCFB
flag to 0. See section 6, “Data Transfer Controller” for further information on the DTC.
Internal overflow
signal
OVF
FRC
ø
H'FFFF H'0000
Figure 10-10 Setting of Overflow Flag (OVF)
201
10.6 Synchronization of Free-Running Timers 1 to 3
10.6.1 Synchronization after a Reset
The three free-running timer channels are synchronized at a reset and remained synchronized
until:
• the clock source is changed;
• FRC contents are rewritten; or
• an FRC is cleared.
After a reset, each free-running counter operates on the ø/4 internal clock source.
10.6.2 Synchronization by Writing to FRCs
When synchronization among free-running timers 1 to 3 is lost, it can be restored by writing to the
free-running counters.
Synchronization on Internal Clock Source: When an internal clock is selected, free-running
timers 1 to 3 can be synchronized by writing data to their free-running counters as indicated in
table 10-4.
Table 10-4 Synchronization by Writing to FRCs
Clock Source Write Interval Write Data
ø/4 4n (states) m (FRC1)
ø/8 8n (states) m + n (FRC2)
ø/32 32n (states) m + 2n (FRC3)
m, n: Arbitrary integers
After writing these data, synchronization can be checked by reading the three free-running
counters at the same interval as the write interval. If the read data have the same relative
differences as the write data, the three free-running timers are synchronized.
Programs for synchronizing the timers are shown next. Examples a, b, and c can be used when the
program is stored in on-chip memory. Examples d, e, and f can be used when the program is
stored in external memory. These programs assume that no wait states (TW) are inserted and there
is no NMI input.
202
Example a: ø/4 clock source, 12-state write interval (n = 3), on-chip memory
LA: LDC.B #H'FE,BR ; Initialize base register for short-format instruction (MOV:S)
LDC.W #H'0700,SR ; Raise interrupt mask level to 7
MOV.W #m,R1 ; Data for free-running timer 1
MOV.W #m+3,R2 ; Data for free-running timer 2 (m + n = m + 3)
MOV.W #m+6,R3 ; Data for free-running timer 3 (m + 2n = m + 2
×3)
BSR SET4 ; Call write routine
.ALIGN 2 ; Align write instructions (MOV:S) at even address
SET4:MOV:S.W R1,@H'92:8 ; Write to FRC 1 (address H'FE92) 9 states
BRN SET4:8 ; 2-Byte dummy instruction 3 states
MOV:S.W R2,@H'A2:8 ; Write to FRC 2 (address H'FEA2) Total 12 states
BRN SET4:8 ; 2-Byte dummy instruction
MOV:S.W R3,@H'B2:8 ; Write to FRC 3 (address H'FEB2)
RTS
Example b: ø/8 clock source, 16-state write interval (n = 2), on-chip memory
LB: LDC.B #H'FE,BR
LDC.W #H'0700,SR
MOV.W #m,R1
MOV.W #m+2,R2
MOV.W #m+4,R3
BSR SET8
.ALIGN 2
SET8:MOV:S.W R1,@H'92:8 ; 9 States
BRN SET8:8 ; 3 States Total 16 states
XCH R1,R1 ; 4 States
MOV:S.W R2,@H'A2:8
BRN SET8:8
XCH R2,R2
MOV:S.W R3,@H'B2:8
RTS
203
Example c: ø/32 clock source, 32-state write interval (n = 1), on-chip memory
LC: LDC.B #H'FE,BR
LDC.W #H'0700,SR
MOV.W #m,R1
MOV.W #m+1,R2
MOV.W #m+2,R3
BSR SET32
.ALIGN 2 ; Align on even address
SET32: MOV:S.W R1,@H'92:8 ; 2 Bytes, 9 states
BSR WAIT:8 ; 2 Bytes, 9 states
MOV:S.W R2,@H'A2:8
BSR WAIT:8 Total 32 states
MOV:S.W R3,@H'B2:8
RTS
.ALIGN 2 ; Align on even address
WAIT: NOP ; 2 States
XCH R1,R1 ; 4 States
RTS ; 8 States
Note: The stack is assumed to be in on-chip RAM.
Example d: ø/4 clock source, 20-state write interval (n = 5), external memory
LD: LDC.B #H'FE,BR
LDC.W #H'0700,SR ; Set interrupt mask level to 7
CLR.B H'FF10 ; Disable wait states
MOV.W #m,R1
MOV.W #m+5,R2
MOV.W #m+10,R3
MOV:S.W R1,@H'92:8 ; 13 States
BRN LD:8 ; 2 Bytes, 7 states
MOV:S.W R2,@H'A2:8
BRN LD:8
MOV:S.W R3,@H'B2:8
Total 20 states
204
Example e: ø/8 clock source, 24-state write interval (n = 3), external memory
LE: LDC.B #H'FF,BR
LDC.W #H'0700,SR
CLR.B @H'F8"8
MOV.W #m,R1
MOV.W #m+3,R2
MOV.W #m+6,R3
MOV:S.W R1,@H'92:8 ; 13 States
BRN LE:8 ; 2 Bytes, 7 states Total 24 states
NOP ; 1 Byte, 4 states
MOV:S.W R2,@H'A2:8
BRN LE:8
NOP
MOV:S.W R3,@H'B2:8
Example f: ø/32 clock source, 32-state write interval (n = 1), external memory
LF: LDC.B #H'FF,BR
LDC.W #H'0700,SR
CLR.B @H'F8:8
MOV.W #m,R1
MOV.W #m+1,R2
MOV.W #m+2,R3
MOV:S.W R1,@H'92:8 ; External memory, so 13 states
XCH R0,R0 ; 8 states
BRN LF:8 ; 2 Bytes, 7 states
NOP ; 4 states
MOV:S.W R2,@H'A2:8
XCH R0,R0
BRN LF:8
NOP
MOV:S.W R3,@H'B2:8
Total 32 states
205
Synchronization on External Clock Source: When the external clock source is selected, the
free-running timers can be synchronized by halting their external clock inputs, then writing
identical values in their free-running counters.
10.7 Sample Application
In the example below, one free-running timer channel is used to generate two square-wave outputs
with a 50% duty factor and arbitrary phase relationship. The programming is as follows:
1. The CCLRA bit in the TCSR is set to 1.
2. Each time a compare-match interrupt occurs, software inverts the corresponding output level
bit in the TCSR.
10.8 Application Notes
Application programmers should note that the following types of contention can occur in the free-
running timers.
Contention between FRC Write and Clear: If an internal counter clear signal is generated
during the T3state of a write cycle to the lower byte of a free-running counter, the clear signal
takes priority and the write is not performed.
FRC
H'FFFF
OCRA
OCRB
H'0000
FTOA pin
FTOB pin
Clear counter
Figure 10-11 Square-Wave Output (Example)
206
Figure 10-12 shows this type of contention.
Contention between FRC Write and Increment: If an FRC increment pulse is generated during
the T3state of a write cycle to the lower byte of a free-running counter, the write takes priority
and the FRC is not incremented.
Write cycle: CPU writes to lower byte of FRC
T1T2T3
Internal address bus
Internal write signal
FRC clear signal
ø
FRC N H'0000
FRC address
Figure 10-12 FRC Write-Clear Contention
207
Figure 10-13 shows this type of contention.
Write cycle: CPU writes to lower byte of FRC
T1T2T3
Internal address bus
Internal write signal
FRC clock pulse
ø
FRC N M
FRC address
Write data
Figure 10-13 FRC Write-Increment Contention
208
Contention between OCR Write and Compare-Match: If a compare-match occurs during the
T3state of a write cycle to the lower byte of OCRA or OCRB, the write takes precedence and the
compare-match signal is inhibited.
Figure 10-14 shows this type of contention.
Incrementation Caused by Changing of Internal Clock Source: When an internal clock
source is changed, the changeover may cause the FRC to increment. This depends on the time at
which the clock select bits (CKS1 and CKS0) are rewritten, as shown in table 10-5.
The pulse that increments the FRC is generated at the falling edge of the internal clock source. If
clock sources are changed when the old source is High and the new source is Low, as in case
No. 3 in table 10-5, the changeover generates a falling edge that triggers the FRC increment pulse.
Switching between an internal and external clock source can also cause the FRC to increment.
Write cycle: CPU writes to lower byte of OCRA or OCRB
T1T2T3
OCR address
N
N
N + 1
M
Write data
Inhibited
Compare-match
A or B signal
OCRA or OCRB
FRC
Internal write signal
Internal address bus
ø
Figure 10-14 Contention between OCR Write and Compare-Match
209
Table 10-5 Effect of Changing Internal Clock Sources
No. Description Timing Chart
1 Low →Low:
CKS1 and CKS0 are
rewritten while both
clock sources are Low.
2 Low →High:
CKS1 and CKS0 are
rewritten while old
clock source is Low and
new clock source is High.
3 High →Low:
CKS1 and CKS0 are
rewritten while old
clock source is High and
new clock source is Low.
∗The switching of clock sources is regarded as a falling edge that increments the FRC.
CKS rewrite
Old clock
source
New clock
source
FRC clock
pulse
FRC N N + 1
CKS rewrite
Old clock
source
New clock
source
FRC clock
pulse
FRC N N + 1 N + 2
CKS rewrite
Old clock
source
New clock
source
FRC clock
pulse
FRC N N + 1 N + 2
*
210
Table 10-5 Effect of Changing Internal Clock Sources (cont)
No. Description Timing Chart
4 High →High:
CKS1 and CKS0 are
rewritten while both
clock sources are High.
CKS rewrite
Old clock
source
New clock
source
FRC clock
pulse
FRC N N + 1 N + 2
211
Section 11 8-Bit Timer
11.1 Overview
The H8/534 and H8/536 have a single 8-bit timer based on an 8-bit counter (TCNT). The timer
has two time constant registers (TCORA and TCORB) that are constantly compared with the
TCNT value to detect compare-match events. One application of the 8-bit timer is to generate a
rectangular-wave output with an arbitrary duty factor.
11.1.1 Features
The features of the 8-bit timer are listed below.
• Selection of four clock sources
The counter can be driven by an internal clock signal (ø/8, ø/64, or ø/1024) or an external clock
input (enabling use as an external event counter).
• Selection of three ways to clear the counter
The counter can be cleared on compare-match A or B, or by an external reset signal.
• Timer output controlled by two time constants
The single timer output (TMO) is controlled by two independent time constants, enabling the
timer to generate output waveforms with an arbitrary duty factor.
• Three types of interrupts
Compare-match A and B and overflow interrupts can be requested independently.
The compare match interrupts can be served by the data transfer controller (DTC), enabling
interrupt-driven data transfer with minimal CPU programming.
213
11.1.2 Block Diagram
Figure 11-1 shows a block diagram of 8-bit timer.
Compare-match B
Clear
Overflow
Clock
Compare-match A
Internal clocksExternal clocks
TMCI
TMO
TMRI
Clock select
ø/8
ø/64
ø/1024
Control
logic
TCORA
Comparator A
TCNT
Comparator B
TCORB
TCSR
TCR
CMIA
CMIB
OVI
Interrupt signals
Bus interface
Module
data
bus
Internal
data bus
TCORA:
TCORB:
TCNT:
TCSR:
TCR:
Time Constant Register A
Time Constant Register B
Timer Counter
Timer Control/Status Register
Timer Control Register
Figure 11-1 Block Diagram of 8-Bit Timer
214
11.1.3 Input and Output Pins
Table 11-1 lists the input and output pins of the 8-bit timer.
Table 11-1 Input and Output Pins of 8-Bit Timer
Name Abbreviation I/O Function
Timer output TMO Output Output controlled by compare-match
Timer clock input TMCI Input External clock source for the counter
Timer reset input TMRI Input External reset signal for the counter
11.1.4 Register Configuration
Table 11-2 lists the registers of the 8-bit timer.
Table 11-2 8-Bit Timer Registers
Name Abbreviation R/W Initial Value Address
Timer control register TCR R/W H'00 H'FED0
Timer control/status register TCSR R/(W)*H'10 H'FED1
Timer constant register A TCORA R/W H'FF H'FED2
Timer constant register B TCORB R/W H'FF H'FED3
Timer counter TCNT R/W H'00 H'FED4
*Software can write a 0 to clear bits 7 to 5, but cannot write a 1 in these bits.
11.2 Register Descriptions
11.2.1 Timer Counter (TCNT)—H'FED4
The timer counter (TCNT) is an 8-bit up-counter that increments on a pulse generated from one of
four clock sources. The clock source is selected by clock select bits 2 to 0 (CKS2 to CKS0) of the
timer control register (TCR). The CPU can always read or write the timer counter.
Bit 76543210
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
215
The timer counter can be cleared by an external reset input or by an internal compare-match signal
generated at a compare-match event. Clock clear bits 1 and 0 (CCLR1 and CCLR0) of the timer
control register select the method of clearing.
When the timer counter overflows from H'FF to H'00, the overflow flag (OVF) in the timer
control/status register (TCSR) is set to 1.
The timer counter is initialized to H'00 at a reset and in the standby modes.
11.2.2 Time Constant Registers A and B (TCORA and TCORB)—H'FED2 and H'FED3
TCORA and TCORB are 8-bit readable/writable registers. The timer count is continually
compared with the constants written in these registers. When a match is detected, the
corresponding compare-match flag (CMFA or CMFB) is set in the timer control/status register
(TCSR).
The timer output signal (TMO) is controlled by these compare-match signals as specified by
output select bits 1 to 0 (OS1 to OS0) in the timer status/control register (TCSR).
TCORA and TCORB are initialized to H'FF at a reset and in the standby modes.
11.2.3 Timer Control Register (TCR)—H'FED0
The TCR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that selects the clock source and the time at which
the timer counter is cleared, and enables interrupts.
The TCR is initialized to H'00 at a reset and in the standby modes.
Bit 76543210
Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Bit 76543210
CMIEB CMIEA OVIE CCLR1 CCLR0 CKS2 CKS1 CKS0
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
216
Bit 7—Compare-Match Interrupt Enable B (CMIEB): This bit selects whether to request
compare-match interrupt B (CMIB) when compare-match flag B (CMFB) in the timer
status/control register (TCSR) is set to 1.
Bit 7
CMIEB Description
0 Compare-match interrupt request B (CMIB) is disabled. (Initial value)
1 Compare-match interrupt request B (CMIB) is enabled.
Bit 6—Compare-Match Interrupt Enable A (CMIEA): This bit selects whether to request
compare-match interrupt A (CMIA) when compare-match flag A (CMFA) in the timer
status/control register (TCSR) is set to 1.
Bit 6
CMIEA Description
0 Compare-match interrupt request A (CMIA) is disabled. (Initial value)
1 Compare-match interrupt request A (CMIA) is enabled.
Bit 5—Timer Overflow Interrupt Enable (OVIE): This bit selects whether to request a timer
overflow interrupt (OVI) when the overflow flag (OVF) in the timer status/control register
(TCSR) is set to 1.
Bit 5
OVIE Description
0 The timer overflow interrupt request (OVI) is disabled. (Initial value)
1 The timer overflow interrupt request (OVI) is enabled.
Bits 4 and 3—Counter Clear 1 and 0 (CCLR1 and CCLR0): These bits select how the timer
counter is cleared: by compare-match A or B or by an external reset input.
Bit 4 Bit 3
CCLR1 CCLR0 Description
0 0 Not cleared. (Initial value)
0 1 Cleared on compare-match A.
1 0 Cleared on compare-match B.
1 1 Cleared on rising edge of external reset input signal.
217
Bits 2, 1, and 0—Clock Select (CKS2, CKS1, and CKS0): These bits select the internal or
external clock source for the timer counter. For the external clock source they select whether to
increment the count on the rising or falling edge of the clock input, or on both edges.
Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
CKS2 CKS1 CKS0 Description
0 0 0 No clock source (timer stopped). (Initial value)
0 0 1 Internal clock source (ø/8).
0 1 0 Internal clock source (ø/64).
0 1 1 Internal clock source (ø/1024).
1 0 0 No clock source (timer stopped).
1 0 1 External clock source, counted on the rising edge.
1 1 0 External clock source, counted on the falling edge.
1 1 1 External clock source, counted on both the rising
and falling edges.
11.2.4 Timer Control/Status Register (TCSR)—H'FED1
The TCSR is an 8-bit readable and partially writable* register that indicates compare-match and
overflow status and selects the effect of compare-match events on the timer output signal (TMO).
The TCSR is initialized to H'10 at a reset and in the standby modes.
* Software can write a 0 in bits 7 to 5 to clear the flags, but cannot write a 1 in these bits.
Bit 7—Compare-Match Flag B (CMFB): This status flag is set to 1 when the timer count
matches the time constant set in TCORB.
Bit 76543210
CMFB CMFA OVF — OS3 OS2 OS1 OS0
Initial value 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*— R/W R/W R/W R/W
218
Bit 7
CMFB Description
0 This bit is cleared from 1 to 0 when: (Initial value)
1. The CPU reads the CMFB bit after it has been set to 1, then writes a 0 in this bit.
2. Compare-match interrupt B is served by the data transfer controller (DTC).
1 This bit is set to 1 when TCNT = TCORB.
Bit 6—Compare-Match Flag A (CMFA): This status flag is set to 1 when the timer count
matches the time constant set in TCORA.
Bit 6
CMFA Description
0 This bit is cleared from 1 to 0 when: (Initial value)
1. The CPU reads the CMFA bit after it has been set to 1, then writes a 0 in this bit.
2. Compare-match interrupt A is served by the data transfer controller (DTC).
1 This bit is set to 1 when TCNT = TCORA.
Bit 5—Timer Overflow Flag (OVF): This status flag is set to 1 when the timer count overflows
(changes from H'FF to H'00).
Bit 5
OVF Description
0 This bit is cleared from 1 to 0 when the CPU reads (Initial value)
the OVF bit after it has been set to 1, then writes a 0 in this bit.
1 This bit is set to 1 when TCNT changes from H'FF to H'00.
Bit 4—Reserved: This bit cannot be modified and is always read as 1.
Bits 3 to 0—Output Select 3 to 0 (OS3 to OS0): These bits specify the effect of compare-match
events on the timer output signal (TMO). Bits OS3 and OS2 control the effect of compare-match B
on the output level. Bits OS1 and OS0 control the effect of compare-match A on the output level.
When all four output select bits are cleared to 0 the TMO signal is not output. The TMO output is
0 before the first compare-match.
Bit 3 Bit 2
OS3 OS2 Description
0 0 No change when compare-match B occurs. (Initial value)
0 1 Output changes to 0 when compare-match B occurs.
1 0 Output changes to 1 when compare-match B occurs.
1 1 Output inverts (toggles) when compare-match B occurs.
219
Bit 1 Bit 0
OS1 OS0 Description
0 0 No change when compare-match A occurs. (Initial value)
0 1 Output changes to 0 when compare-match A occurs.
1 0 Output changes to 1 when compare-match A occurs.
1 1 Output inverts (toggles) when compare-match A occurs.
11.3 Operation
11.3.1 TCNT Incrementation Timing
The timer counter increments on a pulse generated once for each period of the selected (internal or
external) clock source.
If external clock input (TMCI) is selected, the timer counter can increment on the rising edge, the
falling edge, or both edges of the external clock signal.
The external clock pulse width must be at least 1.5·ø clock periods for incrementation on a single
edge, and at least 2.5·ø clock periods for incrementation on both edges. The counter will not
increment correctly if the pulse width is shorter than these values.
ø
TMCI
Minimum TMCI Pulse Width
(Single-Edge Incrementation)
ø
TMCI
Minimum TMCI Pulse Width
(Double-Edge Incrementation)
220
Figure 11-2 shows the count timing for incrementation on both edges.
11.3.2 Compare Match Timing
Setting of Compare-Match Flags A and B (CMFA and CMFB): The compare-match flags are
set to 1 by an internal compare-match signal generated when the timer count matches the time
constant in TCORA or TCORB. The compare-match signal is generated at the last state in which
the match is true, just before the timer counter increments to a new value.
Accordingly, when the timer count matches one of the time constants, the compare-match signal is
not generated until the next period of the clock source. Figure 11-3 shows the timing of the
setting of the compare-match flags.
N – 1 N
TCNT
TCNT clock
pulse
External clock
source
ø
N + 1
Figure 11-2 Count Timing for External Clock Input
221
Output Timing: When a compare-match event occurs, the timer output (TMO) changes as
specified by the output select bits (OS3 to OS0) in the TCSR. Depending on these bits, the output
can remain the same, change to 0, change to 1, or toggle.
Figure 11-4 shows the timing when the output is set to toggle on compare-match A.
N
Internal
compare-match
signal
TCOR
TCNT
ø
N + 1
CMF
N
Internal
compare-match
A signal
ø
Timer output
(TMO)
Figure 11-3 Setting of Compare-Match Flags
Figure 11-4 Timing of Timer Output
222
Timing of Compare-Match Clear: Depending on the CCLR1 and CCLR0 bits in the TCR, the
timer counter can be cleared when compare-match A or B occurs. Figure 11-5 shows the timing
of this operation.
11.3.3 External Reset of TCNT
When the CCLR1 and CCLR0 bits in the TCR are both set to 1, the timer counter is cleared on the
rising edge of an external reset input. Figure 11-6 shows the timing of this operation.
N H'00
Internal
compare-match
signal
TCNT
ø
H'00N – 1 NTCNT
Internal clear
pulse
External reset
input (TMRI)
ø
Figure 11-5 Timing of Compare-Match Clear
Figure 11-6 Timing of External Reset
223
11.3.4 Setting of TCNT Overflow Flag
The overflow flag (OVF) is set to 1 when the timer count overflows (changes from H'FF to H'00).
Figure 11-7 shows the timing of this operation.
11.4 CPU Interrupts and DTC Interrupts
The 8-bit timer can generate three types of interrupts: compare-match A and B (CMIA and
CMIB), and overflow (OVI). Each interrupt is requested when the corresponding enable and flag
bits are set in the TCR and TCSR. Independent signals are sent to the interrupt controller for each
type of interrupt. Table 11-3 lists information about these interrupts.
Table 11-3 8-Bit Timer Interrupts
Interrupt Description DTC Service Available? Priority
CMIA Requested when CMFA is set Yes High
CMIB Requested when CMFB is set Yes
OVI Requested when OVF is set No Low
The CMIA and CMIB interrupts can be served by the data transfer controller (DTC) to have a data
transfer performed.
When the DTC serves one of these interrupts, it automatically clears the CMFA or CMFB flag
to 0. See section 6, “Data Transfer Controller” for further information on the DTC.
H'FF
Internal overflow
signal
TCNT
ø
H'00
OVF
Figure 11-7 Setting of Overflow Flag (OVF)
224
11.5 Sample Application
In the example below, the 8-bit timer is used to generate a pulse output with a selected duty factor.
The control bits are set as follows:
1. In the TCR, CCLR1 is cleared to 0 and CCLR0 is set to 1 so that the timer counter is cleared
when its value matches the constant in TCORA.
2. In the TCSR, bits OS3 to OS0 are set to “0110,” causing the output to change to 1 on compare-
match A and to 0 on compare-match B.
With these settings, the 8-bit timer provides output of pulses at a rate determined by TCORA with
a pulse width determined by TCORB. No software intervention is required.
TCNT
H'FF
TCORA
TCORB
H'00
TMO pin
Clear counter
Figure 11-8 Example of Pulse Output
225
11.6 Application Notes
Application programmers should note that the following types of contention can occur in the 8-bit
timer.
Contention between TCNT Write and Clear: If an internal counter clear signal is generated
during the T3state of a write cycle to the timer counter, the clear signal takes priority and the
write is not performed.
Figure 11-9 shows this type of contention.
TCNT address
N H'00
Internal Address
bus
Internal write
signal
ø
Counter clear
signal
TCNT
Write cycle: CPU writes to TCNT
T1T2T3
Figure 11-9 TCNT Write-Clear Contention
226
Contention between TCNT Write and Increment: If a timer counter increment pulse is
generated during the T3state of a write cycle to the timer counter, the write takes priority and the
timer counter is not incremented.
Figure 11-10 shows this type of contention.
TCNT address
N M
Write data
Internal Address
bus
Internal write
signal
ø
TCNT clock
pulse
TCNT
Write cycle: CPU writes to TCNT
T1T2T3
Figure 11-10 TCNT Write-Increment Contention
227
Contention between TCOR Write and Compare-Match: If a compare-match occurs during the
T3state of a write cycle to TCORA or TCORB, the write takes precedence and the compare-
match signal is inhibited.
Figure 11-11 shows this type of contention.
Contention between Compare-Match A and Compare-Match B: If identical time constants
are written in TCORA and TCORB, causing compare-match A and B to occur simultaneously,
any conflict between the output selections for compare-match A and B is resolved by following
the priority order in table 11-4.
TCNT address
N N + 1
N M
Write cycle: CPU writes to TCORA
or TCORB
T1T2T3
TCOR write
data
Inhibited
Internal address
bus
ø
Internal write
signal
TCNT
TCORA or
TCORB
Compare-match
A or B signal
Figure 11-11 Contention between TCOR Write and Compare-Match
228
Table 11-4 Priority Order of Timer Output
Output Selection Priority
Toggle High
1 Output
0 Output
No change Low
Incrementation Caused by Changing of Internal Clock Source: When an internal clock
source is changed, the changeover may cause the timer counter to increment. This depends on the
time at which the clock select bits (CKS2 to CKS0) are rewritten, as shown in table 11-5.
The pulse that increments the timer counter is generated at the falling edge of the internal clock
source signal. If clock sources are changed when the old source is High and the new source is
Low, as in case No. 3 in table 11-5, the changeover generates a falling edge that triggers the
TCNT clock pulse and increments the timer counter.
Switching between an internal and external clock source can also cause the timer counter to
increment.
Table 11-5 Effect of Changing Internal Clock Sources
No. Description Timing Chart
1 Low
→Low*1:
CKS1 and CKS0 are
rewritten while both
clock sources are Low.
Note: *1 Including a transition from Low to the stopped state (CKS1 = 0, CKS0 = 0), or a
transition from the stopped state to Low.
CKS rewrite
Old clock
source
TCNT clock
pulse
New clock
source
TCNT N N + 1
229
Table 11-5 Effect of Changing Internal Clock Sources (cont)
No. Description Timing Chart
2 Low →High*1:
CKS1 and CKS0 are
rewritten while old
clock source is Low and
new clock source is High.
3 High →Low*2:
CKS1 and CKS0 are
rewritten while old
clock source is High and
new clock source is Low.
Note: *1 Including a transition from the stopped state to High.
*2 Including a transition from High to the stopped state.
*3 The switching of clock sources is regarded as a falling edge that increments the TCNT.
CKS rewrite
Old clock
source
New clock
source
TCNT clock
pulse
TCNT N N + 1 N + 2
CKS rewrite
Old clock
source
New clock
source
TCNT clock
pulse
TCNT N N + 1 N + 2
*3
230
Table 11-5 Effect of Changing Internal Clock Sources (cont)
No. Description Timing Chart
4 High →High:
CKS1 and CKS0 are
rewritten while both
clock sources are High.
CKS rewrite
Old clock
source
New clock
source
TCNT clock
pulse
TCNT N N + 1 N + 2
231
Section 12 PWM Timer
12.1 Overview
The H8/534 and H8/536 have an on-chip pulse-width modulation (PWM) timer module with three
independent channels (PWM1, PWM2, and PWM3). All three channels are functionally identical.
Using an 8-bit timer counter, each PWM channel generates a rectangular output pulse with a duty
factor of 0 to 100%. The duty factor is specified in an 8-bit duty register (DTR).
12.1.1 Features
The PWM timer module has the following features:
• Selection of eight clock sources
• Duty factors from 0 to 100% with 1/250 resolution
• Output with positive or negative logic
12.1.2 Block Diagram
Figure 12-1 shows a block diagram of one PWM timer channel.
233
12.1.3 Input and Output Pins
Table 12-1 lists the output pins of the PWM timer module. There are no input pins.
Table 12-1 Output Pins of PWM Timer Module
Name Abbreviation I/O Function
PWM1 output PW1Output Pulse output from PWM timer channel 1.
PWM2 output PW2Output Pulse output from PWM timer channel 2.
PWM3 output PW3Output Pulse output from PWM timer channel 3.
DTR:
TCNT:
TCR:
Duty Register
Timer Counter
Timer Control Register
Clock Clock
select
Internal clock source
ø/2
ø/8
ø/32
ø/128
ø/256
ø/1024
ø/2048
ø/4096
Bus interface
Internal
data bus
Module
data bus
TCR
PW
DTR
TCNT
Comparator
Output
control
Compare-
match
Figure 12-1 Block Diagram of PWM Timer
234
12.1.4 Register Configuration
The PWM timer module has three registers for each channel as listed in table12-2.
Table 12-2 PWM Timer Registers
Initial
Channel Name Abbreviation R/W Value Address
1 Timer control register TCR R/W H'38 H'FEC0
Duty register DTR R/W H'FF H'FEC1
Timer counter TCNT R/(W)*H'00 H'FEC2
2 Timer control register TCR R/W H'38 H'FEC4
Duty register DTR R/W H'FF H'FEC5
Timer counter TCNT R/(W)*H'00 H'FEC6
3 Timer control register TCR R/W H'38 H'FEC8
Duty register DTR R/W H'FF H'FEC9
Timer counter TCNT R/(W)*H'00 H'FECA
*The timer counters are read/write registers, but the write function is for test purposes only.
Application programs should never write to these registers.
12.2 Register Descriptions
12.2.1 Timer Counter (TCNT)—H'FEC2, H'FEC4, H'FECA
The PWM timer counters (TCNT) are 8-bit up-counters. When the output enable bit (OE) in the
timer control register (TCR) is set to 1, the timer counter starts counting pulses of an internal
clock source selected by clock select bits 2 to 0 (CKS2 to CKS0). After counting from H'00 to
H'F9, the timer counter repeats from H'00.
The PWM timer counters can be read and written, but the write function is for test purposes only.
Application software should never write to a PW timer counter, because this may have
unpredictable effects.
Bit 76543210
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
235
The PWM timer counters are initialized to H'00 at a reset and in the standby modes, and when the
OE bit is cleared to 0.
12.2.2 Duty Register (DTR)—H'FEC1, H'FEC5, H'FEC9
The duty registers (DTR) specify the duty factor of the output pulse. Any duty factor from 0 to
100% can be selected, with a resolution of 1/250. Writing 0 (H'00) in a DTR gives a 0% duty
factor; writing 125 (H'7D) gives a 50% duty factor; writing 250 (H'FA) gives a 100% duty factor.
The timer count is continually compared with the DTR contents. If the DTR value is not 0, when
the count increments from H'00 to H'01 the PWM output signal is set to 1. When the count
increments to the DTR value, the PWM output returns to 0. If the DTR value is 0 (duty factor
0%), the PWM output remains constant at 0.
The DTRs are double-buffered. A new value written in a DTR while the timer counter is running
does not become valid until after the count changes from H'F9 to H'00. When the timer counter is
stopped (while the OE bit is 0), new values become valid as soon as written. When a DTR is
read, the value read is the currently valid value.
The DTRs are initialized to H'FF at a reset and in the standby modes.
12.2.3 Timer Control Register (TCR)—H'FEC0, H'FEC4, H'FEC8
The TCRs are 8-bit readable/writable registers that select the clock source and control the PWM
outputs.
The TCRs are initialized to H'38 at a reset and in the standby modes.
Bit 76543210
Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Bit 76543210
OE OS — — — CKS2 CKS1 CKS0
Initial value 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W — — — R/W R/W R/W
236
Bit 7—Output Enable (OE): This bit enables the timer counter and the PWM output.
Bit 7
OE Description
0 PWM output is disabled. TCNT is cleared to H'00 and stopped. (Initial value)
1 PWM output is enabled. TCNT runs.
Bit 6—Output Select (OS): This bit selects positive or negative logic for the PWM output.
Bit 6
OS Description
0 Positive logic; positive-going PWM pulse, 1 = High (Initial value)
1 Negative logic; negative-going PWM pulse, 1 = Low
Bits 5 to 3—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
Bits 2, 1, and 0—Clock Select (CKS2, CKS1, and CKS0): These bits select one of eight clock
sources obtained by dividing the system clock (ø).
Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
CKS2 CKS1 CKS0 Description
0 0 0 ø/2 (Initial value)
0 0 1 ø/8
0 1 0 ø/32
0 1 1 ø/128
1 0 0 ø/256
1 0 1 ø/1024
1 1 0 ø/2048
1 1 1 ø/4096
From the clock source frequency, the resolution, period, and frequency of the PWM output can be
calculated as follows.
Resolution = 1/clock source frequency
PWM period = resolution
×250
PWM frequency = 1/PWM period
If the ø clock frequency is 10 MHz, then the resolution, period, and frequency of the PWM output
for each clock source are given in table12-3.
237
Table 12-3 PWM Timer Parameters for 10 MHz System Clock
Internal Clock Frequency Resolution PWM Period PWM Frequency
ø/2 200 ns 50 µs 20 kHz
ø/8 800 ns 200 µs 5 kHz
ø/32 3.2 µs 800 µs 1.25 kHz
ø/128 12.8 µs 3.2 ms 312.5 Hz
ø/256 25.6 µs 6.4 ms 156.3 Hz
ø/1024 102.4 µs 25.6 ms 39.1 Hz
ø/2048 204.8 µs 51.2 ms 19.5 Hz
ø/4096 409.6 µs 102.4 ms 9.8 Hz
12.3 Operation
Figure 12-2 shows the timing of the PWM timer operation.
1. Positive Logic (OS = 0)
(1) When OE = 0—(a) in Figure 12-2: The timer count is held at H'00 and PWM output is
inhibited. (The pin is used for port 9 input/output, and its state depends on the corresponding
port 9 data register and data direction register.) Any value (such as N in figure 12-2) written
in the DTR becomes valid immediately.
(2) When OE = 1
i) The timer counter begins incrementing, and the PWM output goes High. [(b) in figure 12-2]
ii) When the count reaches the DTR value, the PWM output goes Low. [(c) in figure 12-2]
iii)If the DTR value is changed (by writing the data M in figure 12-2), the new value
becomes valid after the timer count changes from H'F9 to H'00. [(d) in figure 12-2]
2. Negative Logic (OS = 1): The operation is the same except that High and Low are reversed in
the PWM output. [(e) in figure 12-2]
238
Fig. 12-2
TCNT clock
pulses
ø
OE
TCNT
(OS = “0”)
DTR
PWM output
(OS = “1”)
*
H'FF (d) M
N written in DTR
*(b)(a)
(e)
(a) H'00
M written in DTR
(b) H'01 H'02
N – 1 N + 1
N
N
H'F9
(c)
(c)
(d) H'00 H'01
*
Used for port 9 input/output: state depends on values in data register and data direction register.
Figure 12-2 PWM Timing
239
12.4 Application Notes
Notes on the use of the PWM timer module are given below.
To use port 9 for PWM output, first set the P9PWME bit to 1 and clear the P9SCI2E bit to 0 in
system control register 2 (SYSCR2).
Similarly, to use port 6 for PWM output, first set the P6PWME bit to 1 and clear the
corresponding interrupt enable bit or bits (IRQ3E, IRQ4E, IRQ5E) to 0 in SYSCR2.
1. Any necessary changes to the clock select bits (CKS2 to CKS0) and output select bit (OS)
should be made before the output enable bit (OE) is set to 1.
2. If the DTR value is H'00, the duty factor is 0% and PW output remains constant at 0. If the
DTR value is H'FA to H'FF, the duty factor is 100% and PW output remains constant at 1.
(For positive logic, 0 is Low and 1 is High. For negative logic, 0 is High and 1 is Low.)
3. PWM output and serial communication interface functions cannot be mixed among pins P94,
P93, and P92.
240
Section 13 Watchdog Timer
13.1 Overview
The H8/534 and H8/536 have an on-chip watchdog timer (WDT) module. This module can
monitor system operation by generating a signal that resets the entire chip if a system crash allows
the timer count to overflow.
When this watchdog function is not needed, the WDT module can be used as an interval timer. In
the interval timer mode, an interval timer interrupt is requested at each counter overflow.
The WDT module is also used in recovering from the software standby mode.
13.1.1 Features
The basic features of the watchdog timer module are summarized as follows:
• Selection of eight clock sources
• Selection of two modes: watchdog timer mode and interval timer mode
• Counter overflow generates a reset signal or interrupt request
Reset signal in watchdog timer mode; interval timer interrupt request in interval timer mode.
• External output of reset signal
The reset signal generated in watchdog timer mode resets the entire H8/534 or H8/536 chip.
Depending on a reset output enable bit, the reset signal can also be output from the RES pin to
reset devices controlled by the H8/534 or H8/536.
241
13.1.2 Block Diagram
Figure 13-1 is a block diagram of the watchdog timer.
13.1.3 Register Configuration
Table 13-1 lists information on the watchdog timer registers.
Table 13-1 Register Configuration
Initial Addresses
Name Abbreviation R/W Value Write Read
Timer control/status register TCSR R/(W)*H'18 H'FEEC H'FEEC
Timer counter TCNT R/W H'00 H'FEEC H'FEED
Reset control/status register RSTCSR R/(W)*H'3F H'FF14 H'FF15
*Software can write a 0 to clear the status flag bits, but cannot write 1.
Interrupt
control Read/
write
control
TCNT
TCSR
RSTCSR
Reset control Clock
select
ø/2
ø/32
ø/64
ø/128
ø/256
ø/512
ø/2048
ø/4096
Interval timer mode
Internal clock sources
Interrupt signal
Reset
(internal, external)
TCNT
TCSR
RSTCSR
: Timer Counter
: Timer Control/Status Register
: Reset Control/Status Register
Clock
Internal data bus
Overflow
Figure 13-1 Block Diagram of Timer Counter
242
13.2 Register Descriptions
13.2.1 Timer Counter TCNT—H'FEEC (Write), H'FEED (Read)
The watchdog timer counter (TCNT) is a readable/writable* 8-bit up-counter. When the timer
enable bit (TME) in the timer control/status register (TCSR) is set to 1, the timer counter starts
counting pulses of an internal clock source selected by clock select bits 2 to 0 (CKS2 to CKS0) in
the TCSR. When the count overflows (changes from H'FF to H'00), an overflow flag (OVF) in
the TCSR is set to 1.
The watchdog timer counter is initialized to H'00 at a reset and when the TME bit is cleared to 0.
* TCNT is write-protected by a password. See section 13.2.4, “Notes on Register Access” for details.
13.2.2 Timer Control/Status Register (TCSR)—H'FEEC
The watchdog timer control/status register (TCSR) is an 8-bit readable/writable*2 register that
selects the timer mode and clock source and performs other functions.
Bits 7 to 5 are initialized to 0 at a reset and in the standby modes. Bits 2 to 0 are initialized to 0 at
a reset, but retain their values in the standby modes.
*1 Software can write a 0 in bit 7 to clear the flag, but cannot set this bit to 1.
*2 The TCSR is write-protected by a password. See section 13.2.4, “Notes on Register Access”
for details.
Bit 76543210
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Bit 76543210
OVF WT/IT TME — — CKS2 CKS1 CKS0
Initial value 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0
Read/Write R/(W)*1R/W R/W — — R/W R/W R/W
243
Bit 7—Overflow Flag (OVF): This bit indicates that the watchdog timer count has overflowed.
Bit 7
OVF Description
0 This bit is cleared to from 1 to 0 when the CPU reads (Initial value)
the OVF bit after it has been set to 1, then writes a 0 in this bit.
1 This bit is set to 1 when TCNT changes from H'FF to H'00.*
*OVF is not set in watchdog timer mode.
Bit 6—Timer Mode Select (WT/IT): This bit selects whether to operate in the watchdog timer
mode or interval timer mode.
Bit 6
WT/IT Description
0 Interval timer mode (interval timer interrupt request) (Initial value)
1 Watchdog timer mode (reset)
Bit 5—Timer Enable (TME): This bit enables or disables the timer.
Bit 5
TME Description
0 TCNT is initialized to H'00 and stopped. (Initial value)
1 TCNT runs. A reset or interrupt request is generated when the count overflows.
Bits 4 and 3—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
Bits 2, 1, and 0—Clock Select (CKS2, CKS1, and CKS0): These bits select one of eight clock
sources obtained by dividing the system clock (ø).
The overflow interval listed in the table below is the time from when the watchdog timer counter
begins counting from H'00 until an overflow occurs.
244
Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Description
CKS2 CKS1 CKS0 Clock Source Overflow Interval (ø = 10 MHz)
0 0 0 ø/2 51.2µs (Initial value)
0 0 1 ø/32 819.2µs
0 1 0 ø/64 1.6ms
0 1 1 ø/128 3.3ms
1 0 0 ø/256 6.6ms
1 0 1 ø/512 13.1ms
1 1 0 ø/2048 52.4ms
1 1 1 ø/4096 104.9ms
13.2.3 Reset Control/Status Register (RSTCSR)—H'FF14 (Write), H'FF15 (Read)
The reset control/status register (RSTCSR) is an 8-bit readable/writable*2 register that indicates
when a reset has been caused by a watchdog timer overflow, and controls external output of the
reset signal.
Bit 6 is not initialized by the reset caused by the watchdog timer overflow. It is initialized,
however, by a reset caused by input at the RES pin.
*1 Software can write a 0 in bit 7 to clear the flag, but cannot set this bit to 1.
*2 The RSTCSR is write-protected by a password. See section 13.2.4, “Notes on Register
Access” for details.
Bit 7—Watchdog Timer Reset (WRST): This bit indicates that a reset signal has been generated
by a watchdog timer overflow in the watchdog timer mode.
The reset signal generated by the overflow resets the entire H8/534 or H8/536 chip. In addition, if
the reset output enable (RSTOE) bit is set to 1, the reset signal (Low) is output at the RES pin to
reset devices connected to the H8/534 or H8/536.
The WRST bit can be cleared by software by writing a 0. It is also cleared when a reset signal
from an external device is received at the RES pin.
Bit 76543210
WRST RSTOE
Initial value 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/(W)*1R/W——————
245
Bit 7
WRST Description
0 This bit is cleared to 0 by a reset signal input from the RES pin, (Initial state)
or when the CPU reads WRST after it has been set to 1, then writes a 0 in this bit.
1 This bit is set to 1 when the watchdog timer overflows in the watchdog timer mode and
an internal reset signal is generated.
Bit 6—Reset Output Enable (RSTOE): This bit selects whether the reset signal generated by a
watchdog timer overflow in the watchdog timer mode is output from the RES pin.
Bit 6
RSTOE Description
0 The reset signal generated by watchdog timer overflow is not (Initial state)
output to external devices.
1 The reset signal generated by watchdog timer overflow is output to external devices.
Bits 5 to 0—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
13.2.4 Notes on Register Access
The watchdog timer’s TCNT, TCSR, and RSTCSR registers differ from other registers in being
more difficult to write. The procedures for writing and reading these registers are given below.
Writing to TCNT and TCSR: These registers must be written by word access. Programs cannot
write to them by byte access. The word must contain the write data and a password.
The watchdog timer’s TCNT and TCSR registers both have the same write address. The write data
must be contained in the lower byte of the word written at this address. The upper byte must
contain H'5A (password for TCNT) or H'A5 (password for TCSR). See figure 13-2.
The result of the access depicted in figure 13-2 is to transfer the write data from the lower byte to
the TCNT or TCSR.
246
Writing to RSTCSR: The RSTCSR must be written by moving word data to address H'FF14. It
cannot be written by byte access.
The upper byte of the word must contain a password. Separate passwords are used for clearing the
WRST bit and for writing a 1 or 0 to the RSTOE bit.
To clear the WRST bit, the word written at address H'FF14 must contain the password H'A5 in the
upper byte and the data H'00 in the lower byte. This clears the WRST bit to 0.
To set or clear the RSTOE bit, the word written at address H'FF14 must contain the password
H'5A in the upper byte and the write data in the lower byte. The value of bit 6 in the lower byte is
written in the RSTOE bit.
These write operations are illustrated in figure 13-3.
Write to TCNT 15 8 7 0
Address H'FFEC H'5A Write data
Write to TCSR 15 8 7 0
Address H'FFEC H'A5 Write data
To write 0 to the WRST bit 15 8 7 0
Address H'FF14 H'A5 H'00
To write to the RSTOE bit 15 8 7 0
Address H'FF14 H'5A Write data
Figure 13-2 Writing to TCNT and TCSR
Figure 13-3 Writing to RSTCSR
247
Reading TCNT, TCSR, and RSTCSR: The read addresses are H'FEEC for TCSR, H'FEED for
TCNT, and H'FF15 for RSTCSR as indicated in table 13-2.
These three registers are read like other registers. Byte access instructions can be used.
Table 13-2 Read Addresses of TCNT and TCSR
Read Address Register
H'FFEC TCSR
H'FFED TCNT
H'FF15 RSTCSR
13.3 Operation
13.3.1 Watchdog Timer Mode
The watchdog timer function begins operating when software sets the WT/IT and TME bits to 1 in
the TCSR.
Thereafter, software should periodically rewrite the contents of the timer counter (normally by
writing H'00) to prevent the count from overflowing. If a program crash allows the timer count to
overflow, the watchdog timer generates a reset as shown in figure 13-4.
The reset signal from the watchdog timer can also be output from the RES pin to reset external
devices. This reset output signal is a Low pulse with a duration of 132 ø clock periods. The reset
signal is output only if the RSTOE bit in the RSTCSR is set to 1.
The reset generated by the watchdog timer has the same vector as a reset generated by Low input at the
RES pin. Software should check the WRST bit in the RSTCSR to determine the source of the reset.
If a watchdog timer overflow occurs at the same time as a Low input at the RES pin, priority is
given to one type of reset or the other depending on the value of the RSTOE bit in the RSTCSR.
If the RSTOE bit is set to 1 when both types of reset occur simultaneously, the watchdog timer’s
reset signal takes precedence. The internal state of the H8/534 or H8/536 chip is reset and the RES
pin is held Low for 132 ø clock periods. If at the end of 520 ø clock periods there is still an
external Low input to the RES pin, the external reset takes effect, clearing the WRST and RSTOE
bits to 0. Note that if the external reset occurs before the watchdog timer overflows, it takes effect
immediately and clears the RSTOE bit.
If the RSTOE bit is cleared to 0 when both types of reset occur simultaneously, the reset signal
input from the RES pin takes precedence and the WRST bit is cleared to 0.
248
13.3.2 Interval Timer Mode
Interval timer operation begins when the WT/IT bit is cleared to 0 and the TME bit is set to 1.
In the interval timer mode, an interval timer interrupt request is generated each time the timer
count overflows. This function can be used to generate interrupts at regular intervals.
See figure 13-5.
H'FF
TCNT count
H'00
Watchdog timer overflow
Start H'00 written
to TCNT
OVF = 1 Reset Start H'00 written
to TCNT
Internal reset signal
External reset signal
(RES)
*
*The reset signals are output for 132 ø clock periods. The internal reset signal remains valid for 520 ø clock periods.
Figure 13-4 Operation in Watchdog Timer Mode
H'FF
TCNT count
H'00
WT/IT = 0
TME = 1 *
Time t
****
*Interval timer interrupt request
Figure 13-5 Operation in Interval Timer Mode
249
13.3.3 Operation in Software Standby Mode
The watchdog timer has a special function in recovery from software standby mode. Specific
watchdog timer settings are required when the software standby mode is used.
Before Transition to the Software Standby Mode: The TME bit must be cleared to 0 to stop
the watchdog timer counter before a transition to the software standby mode. The chip cannot
enter the software standby mode while the TME bit is set to 1. Before entering the software
standby mode, software should also set the clock select bits (CKS2 to CKS0) to a value that
makes the timer overflow interval equal to or greater than the stabilization time of the clock
oscillator.
Recovery from the Software Standby Mode: Recovery from the software standby mode can be
triggered by an NMI request. In this case the recovery proceeds as follows:
When an NMI request signal is received, the clock oscillator starts running and the watchdog
timer starts counting at the rate selected by the clock select bits before the software standby mode
was entered. When the count overflows from H'FF to H'00, the ø clock is presumed to be stable
and usable, clock signals are supplied to all modules on the chip, the standby mode ends, and the
NMI interrupt-handling routine starts executing.
13.3.4 Setting of Overflow Flag
The OVF bit is set to 1 when the timer count overflows in the interval timer mode.
Simultaneously, the WDT module requests an interval timer interrupt. The timing is shown in
figure 13-6.
TCNT
Internal overflow
signal
OVF
ø
H'FF H'00
Figure 13-6 Setting of OVF Bit
250
13.3.5 Setting of Watchdog Timer Reset (WRST) Bit
The WRST bit is valid when WT/IT = 1 and TME = 1.
The WRST bit is set to 1 when the timer count overflows. An internal reset signal is
simultaneously generated for the entire H8/534 or 536 chip. The timing is shown in figure 13-7.
TCNT
Overflow signal
WRST
ø
H'FF H'00
Internal reset
signal
Figure 13-7 Setting of WRST Bit and Internal Reset Signal
251
13.4 Application Notes
Contention between TCNT Write and Increment: If a timer counter clock pulse is generated
during the T3state of a write cycle to the timer counter, the write operation takes priority and the
timer counter is not incremented. See figure 13-8.
Changing the Clock Select Bits (CKS2 to CKS0): Software should stop the watchdog timer (by
clearing the TME bit to 0) before changing the value of the clock select bits. If the clock select
bits are modified while the watchdog timer is running, the timer count may be incremented
incorrectly.
Use of Reset Output: When the reset signal is output to external devices, special circuitry is
needed for input of the external reset signal.
The reset output is an NMOS open-drain output.
Figure 13-9 shows an example of a reset circuit.
Internal address bus
Internal write signal
TCNT clock pulse
ø
TCNT address
N M
Write cycle: CPU writes to TCNT
TCNT
Counter write data
T1T2T3
Figure 13-8 TCNT Write-Increment Contention
252
H8/534
H8/536
4.7 k
RES
Reset switch
Ω
60 pF*
74LS05
External
reset
signal
2SC2618 or equivalent
1.0 µF
74HC14
Maximum value of wiring capacitance*
100 kΩ
1.0 kΩ
Figure 13-9 Reset Circuit (Example)
253
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface
14.1 Overview
The H8/534 and H8/536 have two serial communication interface channels (SCI1 and SCI2) for
transferring serial data to and from other chips. Each channel supports both synchronous and
asynchronous data transfer. Communication control functions are provided by eight internal
registers.
14.1.1 Features
The features of the on-chip serial communication interface are:
• Selection of asynchronous or synchronous mode
— Asynchronous mode
SCI1 and SCI2 can communicate with a UART (Universal Asynchronous
Receiver/Transmitter), ACIA (Asynchronous Communication Interface Adapter), or other
chip that employs standard asynchronous serial communication. Eight data formats are
available.
— Data length: 7 or 8 bits
— Stop bit length: 1 or 2 bits
— Parity: Even, odd, or none
— Error detection: Parity, overrun, and framing errors
— Synchronous mode
SCI1 and SCI2 can communicate with chips able to synchronize data transfers with clock
pulses.
— Data length: 8 bits
— Error detection: Overrun errors
• Full duplex communication
The transmitting and receiving sections are independent, so each channel can transmit and
receive simultaneously. Both the transmit and receive sections use double buffering, so
continuous data transfer is possible in either direction.
• Built-in baud rate generator
Any specified bit rate can be generated.
• Internal or external clock source
The baud rate generator can operate on an internal clock source, or an external clock signal
input at the SCK pin.
• Three interrupts
Transmit-end, receive-end, and receive-error interrupts are requested independently. The
transmit-end and receive-end interrupts can be served by the on-chip data transfer controller
(DTC), providing a convenient way to transfer data with minimal CPU programming.
255
14.1.2 Block Diagram
Figure 14-1 shows a block diagram of one serial communication interface channel.
RXD
TXD
SCK
RDR:
RSR:
TDR:
TSR:
SSR:
SCR:
SMR:
BRR:
Receive Data Register
Receive Shift Register
Transmit Data Register
Transmit Shift Register
Serial Status Register
Serial Control Register
Serial Mode Register
Bit Rate Register
RDR SSRTDR
SCR
SMR
BRR
Baud-rate
generator
TSRRSR Communication
control
Parity generator
Parity check Clock External clock
Module data bus Internal
data bus
Internal clock
source
TXI
RXI
ERI
Interrupt signals
ø
ø/4
ø/16
ø/64
Bus interface
Figure 14-1 Block Diagram of Serial Communication Interface
256
14.1.3 Input and Output Pins
Table 14-1 lists the input and output pins used by the SCI module.
Table 14-1 SCI Input/Output Pins
Channel Name Abbreviation I/O Function
1 Serial clock SCK1Input/output Serial clock input and output.
Receive data RXD1Input Receive data input.
Transmit data TXD1Output Transmit data output.
2 Serial clock SCK2Input/output Serial clock input and output.
Receive data RXD2Input Receive data input.
Transmit data TXD2Output Transmit data output.
14.1.4 Register Configuration
Table 14-2 lists the SCI registers.
Table 14-2 SCI Registers
Channel Name Abbreviation R/W Initial Value Address
1 Receive shift register RSR — — —
Receive data register RDR R H'00 H'FEDD
Transmit shift register TSR — — —
Transmit data register TDR R/W H'FF H'FEDB
Serial mode register SMR R/W H'04 H'FED8
Serial control register SCR R/W H'0C H'FEDA
Serial status register SSR R/(W)*H'87 H'FEDC
Bit rate register BRR R/W H'FF H'FED9
2 Receive shift register RSR — — —
Receive data register RDR R H'00 H'FEF5
Transmit shift register TSR — — —
Transmit data register TDR R/W H'FF H'FEF3
Serial mode register SMR R/W H'04 H'FEF0
Serial control register SCR R/W H'0C H'FEF2
Serial status register SSR R/(W)*H'87 H'FEF4
Bit rate register BRR R/W H'FF H'FEF1
*Software can write a 0 to clear the status flag bits, but cannot write a 1.
257
14.2 Register Descriptions
14.2.1 Receive Shift Register (RSR)
The RSR receives incoming data bits. When one data character has been received, it is transferred
to the receive data register (RDR).
The CPU cannot read or write the RSR directly.
14.2.2 Receive Data Register (RDR)—H'FEDD, H'FEF5
The RDR stores received data. As each character is received, it is transferred from the RSR to the
RDR, enabling the RSR to receive the next character. This double-buffering allows the SCI to
receive data continuously.
The CPU can read but not write the RDR. The RDR is initialized to H'00 at a reset and in the
standby modes.
14.2.3 Transmit Shift Register (TSR)
The TSR holds the character currently being transmitted. When transmission of this character is
completed, the next character is moved from the transmit data register (TDR) to the TSR and
transmission of that character begins. If the TDR does not contain valid data, the SCI stops
transmitting.
The CPU cannot read or write the TSR directly.
Bit 76543210
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R R R R R R R
Bit 76543210
Read/Write — — — — — — — —
Bit 76543210
Read/Write — — — — — — — —
258
14.2.4 Transmit Data Register (TDR)—H'FEDB, H'FEF3
The TDR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that holds the next character to be transmitted.
When the TSR becomes empty, the character written in the TDR is transferred to the TSR.
Continuous data transmission is possible by writing the next byte in the TDR while the current
byte is being transmitted from the TSR.
The TDR is initialized to H'FF at a reset and in the standby modes.
14.2.5 Serial Mode Register (SMR)—H'FED8, H'FEF0
The SMR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that controls the communication format and selects
the clock rate for the internal clock source. It is initialized to H'04 at a reset and in the standby
modes.
Bit 7—Communication Mode (C/A): This bit selects the asynchronous or synchronous
communication mode.
Bit 7
C/A Description
0 Asynchronous communication. (Initial value)
1 Communication is synchronized with the serial clock.
Bit 6—Character Length (CHR): This bit selects the character length in asynchronous mode. It
is ignored in synchronous mode.
Bit 6
CHR Description
0 8 Bits per character. (Initial value)
1 7 Bits per character.
Bit 76543210
C/A CHR PE O/E STOP — CKS1 CKS0
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W — R/W R/W
Bit 76543210
Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
259
Bit 5—Parity Enable (PE): This bit selects whether to add a parity bit in asynchronous mode. It
is ignored in synchronous mode.
Bit 5
PE Description
0 Transmit: No parity bit is added. (Initial value)
Receive: Parity is not checked.
1 Transmit: A parity bit is added.
Receive: Parity is not checked.
Bit 4—Parity Mode (O/E): In asynchronous mode, when parity is enabled (PE = 1), this bit
selects even or odd parity.
Even parity means that a parity bit is added to the data bits for each character to make the total
number of 1’s even. Odd parity means that the total number of 1’s is made odd.
This bit is ignored when PE = 0 and in the synchronous mode.
Bit 4
O/E Description
0 Even parity. (Initial value)
1 Odd parity.
Bit 3—Stop Bit Length (STOP): This bit selects the number of stop bits. It is ignored in the
synchronous mode.
Bit 3
STOP Description
0 1 Stop bit. (Initial value)
1 2 Stop bits.
Bit 2—Reserved: This bit cannot be modified and is always read as 1.
Bits 1 and 0—Clock Select 1 and 0 (CKS1 and CKS0): These bits select the internal clock
source when the baud rate generator is clocked from within the H8/534 or H8/536 chip.
Bit 1 Bit 0
CKS1 CKS0 Description
0 0 ø clock (Initial value)
0 1 ø/4 clock
1 0 ø/16 clock
1 1 ø/64 clock
260
14.2.6 Serial Control Register (SCR)—H'FEDA, H'FEF2
The SCR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that enables or disables various SCI functions. It is
initialized to H'0C at a reset and in the standby modes.
Bit 7—Transmit Interrupt Enable (TIE): This bit enables or disables the transmit-end interrupt
(TXI) requested when the transmit data register empty (TDRE) bit in the serial status register
(SSR) is set to 1.
Bit 7
TIE Description
0 The transmit-end interrupt request (TXI) is disabled. (Initial value)
1 The transmit-end interrupt request (TXI) is enabled.
Bit 6—Receive Interrupt Enable (RIE): This bit enables or disables the receive-end interrupt
(RXI) requested when the receive data register full (RDRF) bit in the serial status register (SSR) is
set to 1. It also enables and disables the receive-error interrupt (ERI) request.
Bit 6
RIE Description
0 The receive-end interrupt (RXI) and receive-error interrupt (ERI) (Initial value)
requests are disabled.
1 The receive-end interrupt (RXI) and receive-error interrupt (ERI) requests are enabled.
Bit 5—Transmit Enable (TE): This bit enables or disables the transmit function. When the
transmit function is enabled, the TXD pin is automatically used for output. When the transmit
function is disabled, the TXD pin can be used as a general-purpose I/O port.
Bit 5
TE Description
0 The transmit function is disabled. The TXD pin can be (Initial value)
used as a general-purpose I/O port.
1 The transmit function is enabled. The TXD pin is used for output.
Bit 76543210
TIE RIE TE RE — — CKE1 CKE0
Initial value 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W — — R/W R/W
261
Bit 4—Receive Enable (RE): This bit enables or disables the receive function. When the receive
function is enabled, the RXD pin is automatically used for input. When the receive function is
disabled, the RXD pin is available as a general-purpose I/O port.
Bit 4
RE Description
0 The receive function is disabled. The RXD pin can be (Initial value)
used as a general-purpose I/O port.
1 The receive function is enabled. The RXD pin is used for input.
Bits 3 and 2—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
Bit 1—Clock Enable 1 (CKE1): This bit selects the internal or external clock source for the
baud rate generator. When the external clock source is selected, the SCK pin is automatically
used for input of the external clock signal.
Bit 1
CKE1 Description
0 Internal clock source. (Initial value)
1 External clock source. (The SCK pin is used for input.)
Bit 0—Clock Enable 0 (CKE0): When an internal clock source is used in synchronous mode,
this bit enables or disables serial clock output at the SCK pin.
This bit is ignored when the external clock is selected, or when the asynchronous mode is
selected.
For further information on the communication format and clock source selection, see tables 14-5
and 14-6 in section 14.3, “Operation.”
Bit 0
CKE0 Description
0 The SCK pin is not used by the SCI (and is available as (Initial value)
a general-purpose I/O port).
1 The SCK pin is used for serial clock output.
262
14.2.7 Serial Status Register (SSR)—H'FEDC, H'FEF4
* Software can write a 0 to clear the flags, but cannot write a 1 in these bits.
The SSR is an 8-bit register that indicates transmit and receive status. It is initialized to H'87 at a
reset and in the standby modes.
Bit 7—Transmit Data Register Empty (TDRE): This bit indicates when the TDR contents have
been transferred to the TSR and the next character can safely be written in the TDR.
Bit 7
TDRE Description
0 This bit is cleared from 1 to 0 when:
1. The CPU reads the TDRE bit after it has been set to 1, then writes a 0 in this bit.
2. The data transfer controller (DTC) writes data in the TDR.
1 This bit is set to 1 at the following times: (Initial value)
1. The chip is reset or enters a standby mode.
2. When TDR contents are transferred to the TSR.
3. When TDRE = 0 and the TE bit is cleared to 0.
Bit 6—Receive Data Register Full (RDRF): This bit indicates when one character has been
received and transferred to the RDR.
Bit 6
RDRF Description
0 This bit is cleared from 1 to 0 when: (Initial value)
1. The CPU reads the RDRF bit after it has been set to 1, then writes a 0 in this bit.
2. The data transfer controller (DTC) reads the RDR.
3. The chip is reset or enters a standby mode.
1 This bit is set to 1 when one character is received without error and transferred from the
RSR to the RDR.
Bit 76543210
TDRE RDRF ORER FER PER — — —
Initial value 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
Read/Write R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*———
263
Bit 5—Overrun Error (ORER): This bit indicates an overrun error during reception.
Bit 5
ORER Description
0 This bit is cleared from 1 to 0 when: (Initial value)
1. The CPU reads the ORER bit after it has been set to 1, then writes a 0 in this bit.
2. The chip is reset or enters a standby mode.
1 This bit is set to 1 if reception of the next character ends while the receive data register is
still full (RDRF = 1).
Bit 4—Framing Error (FER): This bit indicates a framing error during data reception in the
synchronous mode. It has no meaning in the asynchronous mode.
Bit 4
FER Description
0 This bit is cleared to from 1 to 0 when: (Initial value)
1. The CPU reads the FER bit after it has been set to 1, then writes a 0 in this bit.
2. The chip is reset or enters a standby mode.
1 This bit is set to 1 if a framing error occurs (stop bit = 0).
Bit 3—Parity Error (PER): This bit indicates a parity error during data reception in the
asynchronous mode, when a communication format with parity bits is used.
This bit has no meaning in the synchronous mode, or when a communication format without
parity bits is used.
Bit 3
PER Description
0 This bit is cleared from 1 to 0 when: (Initial value)
1. The CPU reads the PER bit after it has been set to 1, then writes a 0 in this bit.
2. The chip is reset or enters a standby mode.
1 This bit is set to 1 when a parity error occurs (the parity of the received data does not
match the parity selected by the bit in the SMR).
Bits 2 to 0—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
264
14.2.8 Bit Rate Register (BRR)—H'FED9, H'FEF1
The BRR is an 8-bit register that, together with the CKS1 and CKS0 bits in the SMR, determines
the bit rate output by the baud rate generator.
The BRR is initialized to H'FF (the slowest rate) at a reset and in the standby modes.
Tables 14-3 and 14-4 show examples of BRR (N) and CKS (n) settings for commonly used bit
rates.
Table 14-3 Examples of BRR Settings in Asynchronous Mode (1)
XTAL Frequency (MHz)
2 2.4576 4 4.194304
Bit Error Error Error Error
Rate n N (%) n N (%) n N (%) n N (%)
110 1 70 +0.03 1 86 +0.31 1 141 +0.03 1 148 –0.04
150 0 207 +0.16 0 255 0 1 103 +0.16 1 108 +0.21
300 0 103 +0.16 0 127 0 0 207 +0.16 0 217 +0.21
600 0 51 +0.16 0 63 0 0 103 +0.16 0 108 +0.21
1200 0 25 +0.16 0 31 0 0 51 +0.16 0 54 –0.70
2400 0 12 +0.16 0 15 0 0 25 +0.16 0 26 +1.14
4800 — — — 0 7 0 0 12 +0.16 0 13 –2.48
9600 — — — 0 3 0 — — — — — —
19200 — — — 0 1 0 — — — — — —
31250 — — — — — — 0 1 0 — — —
38400 — — — 0 0 0 — — — — — —
Bit 76543210
Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
265
Table 14-3 Examples of BRR Settings in Asynchronous Mode (2)
XTAL Frequency (MHz)
4.9152 6 7.3728 8
Bit Error Error Error Error
Rate n N (%) n N (%) n N (%) n N (%)
110 1 174 –0.26 2 52 +0.50 2 64 +0.70 2 70 +0.03
150 1 127 0 1 155 +0.16 1 191 0 1 207 +0.16
300 0 255 0 1 77 +0.16 1 95 0 1 103 +0.16
600 0 127 0 0 155 +0.16 0 191 0 0 207 +0.16
1200 0 63 0 0 77 +0.16 0 95 0 0 103 +0.16
2400 0 31 0 0 38 +0.16 0 47 0 0 51 +0.16
4800 0 15 0 0 19 –2.34 0 23 0 0 25 +0.16
9600 0 7 0 — — — 0 11 0 0 12 +0.16
19200 0 3 0 — — — 0 5 0 — — —
31250 — — — 0 2 0 — — — 0 3 0
38400 0 1 0 — — — 0 2 0 — — —
Table 14-3 Examples of BRR Settings in Asynchronous Mode (3)
XTAL Frequency (MHz)
9.8304 10 12 12.288
Bit Error Error Error Error
Rate n N (%) n N (%) n N (%) n N (%)
110 2 86 +0.31 2 88 –0.25 2 106 –0.44 2 108 +0.08
150 1 255 0 2 64 +0.16 2 77 0 2 79 0
300 1 127 0 1 129 +0.16 1 155 0 1 159 0
600 0 255 0 1 64 +0.16 1 77 0 1 79 0
1200 0 127 0 0 129 +0.16 0 155 +0.16 0 159 0
2400 0 63 0 0 64 +0.16 0 77 +0.16 0 79 0
4800 0 31 0 0 32 –1.36 0 38 +0.16 0 39 0
9600 0 15 0 0 15 +1.73 0 19 –2.34 0 19 0
19200 0 7 0 0 7 +1.73 — — — 0 9 0
31250 0 4 –1.70 0 4 0 0 5 0 0 5 +2.40
38400 0 3 0 0 3 +1.73 — — — 0 4 0
266
Table 14-3 Examples of BRR Settings in Asynchronous Mode (4)
XTAL Frequency (MHz)
14.7456 16 19.6608 20
Bit Error Error Error Error
Rate n N (%) n N (%) n N (%) n N (%)
110 2 130 –0.07 2 141 +0.03 2 174 –0.26 3 43 +0.88
150 2 95 0 2 103 +0.16 2 127 0 2 129 +0.16
300 1 191 0 1 207 +0.16 1 255 0 2 64 +0.16
600 1 95 0 1 103 +0.16 1 127 0 1 129 +0.16
1200 0 191 0 0 207 +0.16 0 255 0 1 64 +0.16
2400 0 95 0 0 103 +0.16 0 127 0 0 129 +0.16
4800 0 47 0 0 51 +0.16 0 63 0 0 64 +0.16
9600 0 23 0 0 25 +0.16 0 31 0 0 32 –1.36
19200 0 11 0 0 12 +0.16 0 15 0 0 15 +1.73
31250 — — — 0 7 0 0 9 –1.70 0 9 0
38400 0 5 0 — — — 0 7 0 0 7 +1.73
XTAL Frequency (MHz)
24 24.576 28 29.4912 32
Bit Error Error Error Error Error
Rate n N (%) n N (%) n N (%) n N (%) n N (%)
110 2 212 0.03 2 217 0.08 2 248 –0.17 3 64 0.70 3 70 0.03
150 2 155 0.16 2 159 0.00 2 181 0.16 2 191 0.00 2 207 0.16
300 2 77 0.16 2 79 0.00 2 90 0.16 2 95 0.00 2 103 0.16
600 1 155 0.16 1 159 0.00 1 181 0.16 1 191 0.00 1 207 0.16
1200 1 77 0.16 1 79 0.00 1 90 0.16 1 95 0.00 1 103 0.16
2400 0 155 0.16 0 159 0.00 0 181 0.16 0 191 0.00 0 207 0.16
4800 0 77 0.16 0 79 0.00 0 90 0.16 0 95 0.00 0 103 0.16
9600 0 38 0.16 0 39 0.00 0 45 –0.93 0 47 0.00 0 51 0.16
19200 0 19 –2.34 0 19 0.00 0 22 –0.93 0 23 0.00 0 25 0.16
31250 0 11 0.00 0 11 2.40 0 13 0.00 0 14 –1.70 0 15 0.00
38400 0 9 –2.34 0 9 0.00 0 10 3.57 0 11 0.00 0 12 0.16
Note: If possible, select a setting such that the error is 1% or less.
B = OSC
× 106/[64 ×22n ×(N + 1)]
B : Bit rate
N : BRR value (0 ≤N ≤255)
OSC : Crystal oscillator frequency in MHz
n : Internal clock source (0, 1, 2, or 3)
267
The meaning of n is given by the table below:
n CKS1 CKS0 Clock
0 0 0 ø
1 0 1 ø/4
2 1 0 ø/16
3 1 1 ø/64
The error in asynchronous mode is calculated as follows:
Error (%) =
OSC 10
B 64 2 (N + 1)
×
×× ×
2n × }–1 100
6
{
268
Table 14-4 Examples of BRR Settings in Synchronous Mode
XTAL Frequency (MHz)
Bit 2 4 8 10 16 20 32
Rate n N n N n N n N n N n N n N
100 — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
250 1 249 2 124 2 249 — — 3 124 — — 3 249
500 1 124 1 249 2 124 — — 2 249 — — 3 124
1k 0 249 1 124 1 249 — — 2 124 — — 2 249
2.5k 0 99 0 199 1 99 1 124 1 199 1 249 2 99
5k 0 49 0 99 0 199 0 249 1 99 1 124 1 199
10k 0 24 0 49 0 99 0 124 0 199 0 249 1 99
25k 0 9 0 19 0 39 0 49 0 79 0 99 0 159
50k 0 4 0 9 0 19 0 24 0 39 0 49 0 79
100k — — 0 4 0 9 — — 0 19 0 24 0 39
250k 0 0*0 1 0 3 0 4 0 7 0 9 0 15
500k 0 0*0 1 — — 0 3 0 4 0 7
1M 0 0*— — 0 1 — — 0 3
2.5M 0 0*— —
Notes: Blank: No setting is available.
—: A setting is available, but the bit rate is inaccurate.
* : Continuous transfer is not possible.
B = OSC/[8 × 22n × (N + 1)]
B : Bit rate
N : BRR value (0 ≤N ≤255)
OSC : Crystal oscillator frequency in MHz
n : Internal clock source (0, 1, 2, or 3)
The meaning of n is given by the table below:
n CKS1 CKS0 Clock
0 0 0 ø
1 0 1 ø/4
2 1 0 ø/16
3 1 1 ø/64
269
14.3 Operation
14.3.1 Overview
Each serial communication interface channel supports serial data transfer in both asynchronous
and synchronous modes.
The communication format depends on settings in the SMR as indicated in table 14-5. The clock
source and usage of the SCK pin depend on settings in the SMR and SCR as indicated in table 14-6.
Table 14-5 Communication Formats Used by SCI
SMR Stop Bit
C/A CHR PE STOP Mode Format Parity Length
0 0 0 0 Asynchronous 8-Bit data None 1
1 2
1 0 Yes 1
1 2
1 0 0 7-Bit data None 1
1 2
1 0 Yes 1
1 2
1 — — — Synchronous 8-Bit data — —
Table 14-6 SCI Clock Source Selection
SMR SCR Clock
C/A CKE1 CKE0 Source SCK Pin
0 0 0 Internal I/O port*
(Async 1 Clock output at same frequency as baud rate
mode) 1 0 External Clock input at 16 times the baud rate frequency
1
1 0 0 Internal Serial clock output
(Sync 1
mode) 1 0 External Serial clock input
1
*Cannot be used by the SCI.
Transmitting and receiving operations in the two modes are described next.
270
14.3.2 Asynchronous Mode
In asynchronous mode, each character is individually synchronized by framing it with a start bit
and stop bit.
Full duplex data transfer is possible because the SCI has independent transmit and receive
sections. Double buffering in both sections enables the SCI to be programmed for continuous data
transfer.
Figure 14-2 shows the general format of one character sent or received in the asynchronous mode.
The communication channel is normally held in the mark state (High). Character transmission or
reception starts with a transition to the space state (Low).
The first bit transmitted or received is the start bit (Low). It is followed by the data bits, in which
the least significant bit (LSB) comes first. The data bits are followed by the parity bit, if present,
then the stop bit or bits (High) confirming the end of the frame.
In receiving, the SCI synchronizes on the falling edge of the start bit, and samples each bit at the
center of bit (at the 8th cycle of the internal serial clock, which runs at 16 times the bit rate).
1. Data Format: Table 14-7 lists the data formats that can be sent and received in asynchronous
mode. Eight formats can be selected by bits in the SMR.
Start bit D0 D1 Dn Parity bit Stop bit
Idle state
One character
1 bit 7 or 8 bits 0 or 1 bit 1 or 2 bits
Figure 14-2 Data Format in Asynchronous Mode
271
Table 14-7 Data Formats in Asynchronous Mode
SMR Bits
CHR PE STOP Data Format
0 0 0 START 8-Bit data STOP
0 0 1 START 8-Bit data STOP STOP
0 1 0 START 8-Bit data P STOP
0 1 1 START 8-Bit data P STOP STOP
1 0 0 START 7-Bit data STOP
1 0 1 START 7-Bit data STOP STOP
1 1 0 START 7-Bit data P STOP
1 1 1 START 7-Bit data P STOP STOP
Note:
START: Start bit
STOP: Stop bit
P: Parity bit
2. Clock: In the asynchronous mode it is possible to select either an internal clock created by the
on-chip baud rate generator, or an external clock input at the SCK pin. Refer to table 14-6.
If an external clock is input at the SCK pin, its frequency should be 16 times the desired baud
rate.
If the internal clock provided by the on-chip baud rate generator is selected and the SCK pin is
used for clock output, the output clock frequency is equal to the baud rate, and the clock pulse
rises at the center of the transmit data bits. Figure 14-3 shows the phase relationship between
the output clock and transmit data.
Fig. 14-3
Output clock
Transmit data Start bit D0 D1 D2
Figure 14-3 Phase Relationship between Clock Output and Transmit Data
272
3. Data Transmission and Reception
•SCI Initialization: Before data can be transmitted or received, the SCI must be initialized
by software. To initialize the SCI, software must clear the TE and RE bits to 0, then execute
the following procedure.
(1) Set the desired communication format in the SMR.
(2) Write the value corresponding to the desired bit rate in the BRR. (This step is not
necessary if an external clock is used.)
(3) Select the clock and enable desired interrupts in the SCR.
(4) Set the TE and/or RE bit in the SCR to 1.
The TE and RE bits must both be cleared to 0 whenever the operating mode or data format is
changed.
After changing the operating mode or data format, before setting the TE and RE bits to 1
software must wait for at least the transfer time for 1 bit at the selected baud rate, to make sure
the SCI is initialized. If an external clock is used, the clock must not be stopped.
When clearing the TDRE bit during data transmission, to assure transfer of the correct data, do
not clear the TDRE bit until after writing data in the TDR. Similarly, in receiving data, do not
clear the RDRF bit until after reading data from the RDR.
•Data Transmission: The procedure for transmitting data is as follows.
(1) Set up the desired transmitting conditions in the SMR, SCR, and BRR.
(2) Set the TE bit in the SCR to 1.
The TXD pin will automatically be switched to output and one frame* of all 1’s will be
transmitted, after which the SCI is ready to transmit data.
(3) Check that the TDRE bit is set to 1, then write the first byte of transmit data in the TDR.
Next clear the TDRE bit to 0.
* A frame is the data for one character, including the start bit and stop bit(s).
273
(4) The first byte of transmit data is transferred from the TDR to the TSR and sent in the
designated format as follows.
i) Start bit (one 0 bit)
ii) Transmit data (seven or eight bits, starting from bit 0)
iii) Parity bit (odd or even parity bit, or no parity bit)
iv) Stop bit (one or two consecutive 1 bits)
(5) Transfer of the transmit data from the TDR to the TSR makes the TDR empty, so the
TDRE bit is set to 1.
If the TIE bit is set to 1, a transmit-end interrupt (TXI) is requested.
When the transmit function is enabled but the TDR is empty (TDRE = 1), the output at the
TXD pin is held at 1 until the TDRE bit is cleared to 0.
•Data Reception: The procedure for receiving data is as follows.
(1) Set up the desired receiving conditions in the SMR, SCR, and BRR.
(2) Set the RE bit in the SCR to 1.
The RXD pin will automatically be switched to input and the SCI is ready to receive data.
(3) The SCI synchronizes with the incoming data by detecting the start bit, and places the
received bits in the RSR. At the end of the data, the SCI checks that the stop bit is 1.
(4) When a complete frame has been received, the SCI transfers the received data to the RDR
so that it can be read. If the character length is 7 bits, the most significant bit of the RDR
is cleared to 0. At the same time, the SCI sets the RDRF bit in the SSR to 1. If the RIE bit
is set to 1, a receive-end interrupt (RXI) is requested.
(5) The RDRF bit is cleared to 0 when the CPU reads the SSR, then writes a 0 in the RDRF
bit, or when the RDR is read by the data transfer controller (DTC). The RDR is then ready
to receive the next character from the RSR.
When a frame is not received correctly, a receive error occurs. There are three types of receive
errors, listed in table 14-8.
If a receive error occurs, the RDRF bit in the SSR is not set to 1. The corresponding error flag
is set to 1 instead. If the RIE bit in the SCR is set to 1, a receive-error interrupt (ERI) is
requested.
274
When a framing or parity error occurs, the RSR contents are transferred to the RDR. If an
overrun error occurs, however, the RSR contents are not transferred to the RDR.
If multiple receive errors occur simultaneously, all the corresponding error flags are set to 1.
To clear a receive-error flag (ORER, FER, or PER), software must read the SSR, then write a 0
in the flag bit.
Table 14-8 Receive Errors
Name Abbreviation Description
Overrun error ORER Reception of the next frame ends while the RDRF bit is still
set to 1.
The RSR contents are not transferred to the RDR.
Framing error FER A stop bit is 0.
The RSR contents are transferred to the RDR.
Parity error PER The parity of a frame does not match the value selected by the bit
in the SMR.
The RSR contents are transferred to the RDR.
14.3.3 Synchronous Mode
The synchronous mode is suited for high-speed, continuous data transfer. Each bit of data is
synchronized with a serial clock pulse.
Continuous data transfer is enabled by the double buffering employed in both the transmit and
receive sections of the SCI. Full duplex communication is possible because the transmit and
receive sections are independent.
1. Data Format: Figure 14-4 shows the communication format used in the synchronous mode.
The data length is 8 bits for both the transmit and receive directions. The least significant bit
(LSB) is sent and received first. Each bit of transmit data is output from the falling edge of the
serial clock pulse to the next falling edge. Received bits are latched on the rising edge of the
serial clock pulse.
275
2. Clock: Either the internal serial clock created by the on-chip baud rate generator or an external
clock input at the SCK pin can be selected in the synchronous mode. See table 14-6 for details.
3. Data Transmission and Reception
•SCI Initialization: Before data can be transmitted or received, the SCI must be initialized
by software. To initialize the SCI, software must clear the TE and RE bits to 0 to disable
both the transmit and receive functions, then execute the following procedure.
(1) Write the value corresponding to the desired bit rate in the BRR. (This step is not
necessary if an external clock is used.)
(2) Select the clock in the SCR.
(3) Select the synchronous mode in the SMR*.
(4) Set the TE and/or RE bit to 1, and enable desired interrupts in the SCR.
The TE and RE bits must both be cleared to 0 whenever the operating mode or data format is
changed. After changing the operating mode or data format, before setting the TE and RE bits
to 1 software must wait for at least 1 bit transfer time at the selected communication speed, to
make sure the SCI is initialized.
* The SCK pin is used for input or output according to the C/A bit in the serial mode register
(SMR) and the CKE0 and CKE1 bits in the serial control register (SCR). (See table 14-6.)
To prevent unwanted output at the SCK pin, pay attention to the order in which you set
SMR and SCR.
Data
Serial clock
Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6 Bit 7
Don’t-care
Transmission direction
Don’t-care
Figure 14-4 Data Format in Synchronous Mode
276
When clearing the TDRE bit during data transmission, to assure correct data transfer, do not
clear the TDRE bit until after writing data in the TDR. Similarly, in receiving data, do not
clear the RDRF bit until after reading data from the RDR.
•Data Transmission: The procedure for transmitting data is as follows.
(1) Set up the desired transmitting conditions in the SMR, BRR, and SCR.
(2) Set the TE bit in the SCR to 1.
The TXD pin will automatically be switched to output, after which the SCI is ready to
transmit data.
(3) Check that the TDRE bit is set to 1, then write the first byte of transmit data in the TDR.
Next clear the TDRE bit to 0.
(4) The first byte of transmit data is transferred from the TDR to the TSR and sent, each bit
synchronized with a clock pulse. Bit 0 is sent first.
Transfer of the transmit data from the TDR to the TSR makes the TDR empty, so the
TDRE bit is set to 1. If the TIE bit is set to 1, a transmit-end interrupt (TXI) is
requested.
The TDR and TSR function as a double buffer. Continuous data transmission can be achieved
by writing the next transmit data in the TDR and clearing the TDRE bit to 0 while the SCI is
transmitting the current data from the TSR.
If an internal clock source is selected, after transferring the transmit data from the TDR to the
TSR, while transmitting the data from the TSR the SCI also outputs a serial clock signal at the
SCK pin. When all data bits in the TSR have been transmitted, if the TDR is empty (TDRE =
1), serial clock output is suspended until the next data byte is written in the TDR and the TDRE
bit is cleared to 0. During this interval the TXD pin is held at the value of the last bit
transmitted.
If the external clock source is selected, data transmission is synchronized with the clock signal
input at the SCK pin. When all data bits in the TSR have been transmitted, if the TDR is
empty (TDRE = 1) but external clock pulses continue to arrive, the TXD output remains high.
•Data Reception: The procedure for receiving data is as follows.
(1) Set up the desired receiving conditions in the SMR, BRR, and SCR.
277
(2) Set the RE bit in the SCR to 1.
The RXD pin will automatically be switched to input and the SCI is ready to receive
data.
(3) Incoming data bits are latched in the RSR on eight clock pulses.
When 8 bits of data have been received, the SCI sets the RDRF bit in the SSR to 1. If
the RIE bit is set to 1, a receive-end interrupt (RXI) is requested.
(4) The SCI transfers the received data byte to the RDR so that it can be read.
The RDRF bit is cleared when the program reads the RDRF bit in the SSR, then writes a
0 in the RDRF bit, or when the data transfer controller (DTC) reads the RDR.
The RDR and RSR function as a double buffer. Data can be received continuously by reading
each byte of data from the RDR and clearing the RDRF bit to 0 before the last bit of the next
byte is received.
In general, an external clock source should be used for receiving data.
If an internal clock source is selected, the SCI starts receiving data as soon as the RE bit is set
to 1. The serial clock is also output at the SCK pin. The SCI continues receiving until the RE
bit is cleared to 0.
If the last bit of the next data byte is received while the RDRF bit is still set to 1, an overrun
error occurs and the ORER bit is set to 1. If the RIE bit is set to 1, a receive-error interrupt
(ERI) is requested. The data received in the RSR are not transferred to the RDR when an
overrun error occurs.
After an overrun error, reception of the next data is enabled when the ORER bit is cleared to 0.
•Simultaneous Transmit and Receive: The procedure for transmitting and receiving
simultaneously is as follows:
(1) Set up the desired communication conditions in the SMR, BRR, and SCR.
(2) Set the TE and RE bits in the SCR to 1.
The TXD and RXD pins are automatically switched to output and input, respectively,
and the SCI is ready to transmit and receive data.
(3) Data transmitting and receiving start when the TDRE bit in the SSR is cleared to 0.
(4) Data are sent and received in synchronization with eight clock pulses.
278
(5) First, the transmit data are transferred from the TDR to the TSR. This makes the TDR
empty, so the TDRE bit is set to 1. If the TIE bit is set to 1, a transmit-end interrupt
(TXI) is requested.
If continuous data transmission is desired, the CPU must read the TDRE bit in the SSR,
write the next transmit data in the TDR, then clear the TDRE bit to 0. Alternatively, the
DTC can write the next transmit data in the TDR, in which case the TDRE bit is cleared
automatically.
If the TDRE bit is not cleared to 0 by the time the SCI finishes sending the current byte
from the TSR, the TXD pin continues to output the last bit in the TSR.
(6) In the receiving section, when 8 bits of data have been received they are transferred
from the RSR to the RDR and the RDRF bit in the SSR is set to 1. If the RIE bit is set
to 1, a receive-end interrupt (RXI) is requested.
(7) To clear the RDRF bit software read the RDRF bit in the SSR, read the data in the RDR,
then write a 0 in the RDRF bit. Alternatively, the DTC can read the RDR, in which case
the RDRF bit is cleared automatically.
For continuous data reception, the RDRF bit must be cleared to 0 before the last bit of
the next byte of data is received.
If the last bit of the next byte is received while the RDRF bit is still set to 1, an overrun error
occurs. The error is handled as described under “Data Reception” above.
14.4 CPU Interrupts and DTC Interrupts
The SCI can request three types of interrupts: transmit-end (TXI), receive-end (RXI), and
receive-error (ERI). Interrupt requests are enabled or disabled by the TIE and RIE bits in the
SCR. Independent signals are sent to the interrupt controller for each type of interrupt. The
transmit-end and receive-end interrupt request signals are obtained from the TDRE and RDRF
flags. The receive-error interrupt request signal is the logical OR of the three error flags: overrun
error (ORER), framing error (FER), and parity error (PER). Table 14-9 lists information about
these interrupts.
279
Table 14-9 SCI Interrupts
DTC Service
Interrupt Description Available? Priority
ERI Receive-error interrupt, requested when No High
ORER, FER, or PER is set.
RXI Receive-end interrupt, requested when Yes
RDRF is set.
TXI Transmit-end interrupt, requested when Yes
TDRE is set. Low
The TXI and RXI interrupts can be served by the data transfer controller (DTC) to have a data
transfer performed. When the DTC serves one of these interrupts, it clears the TDRE or RDRF bit
to 0 under the following conditions, which differ between the two bits.
When invoked by a TXI request, if the DTC writes to the TDR, it automatically clears the TDRE
bit to 0. When invoked by an RXI request, if the DTC reads from the RDR, it automatically
clears the RDRF bit to 0.
See section 6, “Data Transfer Controller” for further information on the DTC.
14.5 Application Notes
Application programmers should note the following features of the SCI.
1. TDR Write: The TDRE bit in the SSR is simply a flag that indicates that the TDR contents
have been transferred to the TSR. The TDR contents can be rewritten regardless of the TDRE
value. If a new byte is written in the TDR while the TDRE bit is 0, before the old TDR
contents have been moved into the TSR, the old byte will be lost. Normally, software should
check that the TDRE bit is set to 1 before writing to the TDR.
2. Multiple Receive Errors: Table 14-10 lists the values of flag bits in the SSR when multiple
receive errors occur, and indicates whether the RSR contents are transferred to the RDR.
280
Table 14-10 SSR Bit States and Data Transfer When Multiple Receive Errors Occur
SSR Bits
Receive Error RDRF ORER FER PER RSR to RDR*2
Overrun error 1*11 0 0 No
Framing error 0 0 1 0 Yes
Parity error 0 0 0 1 Yes
Overrun + framing errors 1*11 1 0 No
Overrun + parity errors 1*11 0 1 No
Framing + parity errors 0 0 1 1 Yes
Overrun + framing + parity errors 1*11 1 1 No
Notes: *1 Set to 1 before the overrun error occurs.
*2 Yes: The RSR contents are transferred to the RDR.
No: The RSR contents are not transferred to the RDR.
3. Line Break Detection: When the RXD pin receives a continuous stream of 0’s in the
asynchronous mode (line-break state), a framing error occurs because the SCI detects a 0 stop
bit. The value H'00 is transferred from the RSR to the RDR. Software can detect the line-
break state as a framing error accompanied by H'00 data in the RDR.
The SCI continues to receive data, so if the FER bit is cleared to 0 another framing error will
occur.
4. Sampling Timing and Receive Margin in Asynchronous Mode: The serial clock used by
the SCI in asynchronous mode runs at 16 times the bit rate. The falling edge of the start bit is
detected by sampling the RXD input on the falling edge of this clock. After the start bit is
detected, each bit of receive data in the frame (including the start bit, parity bit, and stop bit or
bits) is sampled on the rising edge of the serial clock pulse at the center of the bit.
See figure 14-5.
It follows that the receive margin can be calculated as in equation (1).
When the absolute frequency deviation of the clock signal is 0 and the clock duty factor is 0.5,
data can theoretically be received with distortion up to the margin given by equation (2). This
is a theoretical limit, however. In practice, system designers should allow a margin of 20% to
30%.
281
M = {(0.5 – 1/2N) – (D – 0.5)/N – (L – 0.5)F} × 100 [%] (1)
M: Receive margin
N: Ratio of basic clock to bit rate (16)
D: Duty factor of clock—ratio of High pulse width to Low width (0.5 to 1.0)
L: Frame length (9 to 12)
F: Absolute clock frequency deviation
When D = 0.5 and F= 0
M = (0.5 –1/2 × 16) × 100 [%] = 46.875% (2)
5. Note on Transmitting in Synchronous Mode: When setting up serial communication
interface 1 or 2 to transmit in synchronous mode, make sure the ORER bit is cleared to 0.
Transmit operation will fail to start if the ORER bit is set to 1. The same is true in
simultaneous transmitting and receiving.
Basic clock
Receive data Start bit
Sync sampling
Data sampling
–7.5 pulses +7.5 pulses
D0 D1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5
Figure 14-5 Sampling Timing (Asynchronous Mode)
282
Section 15 A/D Converter
15.1 Overview
The H8/534 and H8/536 have an analog-to-digital converter module which can be programmed
for input of analog signal on up to eight channels. A/D conversion is performed by the successive
approximations method with 10-bit resolution.
15.1.1 Features
The features of the on-chip A/D module are:
• Eight analog input channels
• Sample and hold circuit
• 10-Bit resolution
• Rapid conversion
Conversion time is 13.8 µs per channel (at ø = 10 MHz)
• Single and scan modes
— Single mode: A/D conversion is performed once.
— Scan mode: A/D conversion is performed in a repeated cycle on one to four channels.
• Four 16-bit data registers
These registers store A/D conversion results for up to four channels.
• A/D conversion can be started by external trigger input.
• A CPU interrupt (ADI) can be requested at the completion of each A/D conversion cycle.
This interrupt can also be served by the on-chip data transfer controller (DTC), providing a
convenient way to move results into memory.
283
15.1.2 Block Diagram
Figure 15-1 shows a block diagram of A/D converter.
Fig. 15-1
AVCC
AVSS
AN0
AN1
AN2
AN3
AN4
AN5
AN6
AN7
Analog multiplexer
Sample & hold
circuit
+
–
10-Bit D/A
Module data bus Internal
data bus
Control circuit
ø/8
ø/16
ADI
Interrupt signal
ADDRA:
ADDRB:
ADDRC:
ADDRD:
ADCSR:
ADCR:
A/D Data Register A
A/D Data Register B
A/D Data Register C
A/D Data Register D
A/D Control/Status Register
A/D Control Register
Successive approximations
register
ADDRA
ADDRB
ADDRC
ADDRD
ADCSR
Bus interface
ADTRG
External
trigger input
ADCR
Figure 15-1 Block Diagram of A/D Converter
284
15.1.3 Input Pins
Table 15-1 lists the input pins used by the A/D converter module.
The eight analog input pins are divided into two groups, consisting of analog inputs 0 to 3 (AN0to
AN3) and analog inputs 4 to 7 (AN4to AN7), respectively.
Table 15-1 A/D Input Pins
Name Abbreviation I/O Function
Analog supply AVCC Input Power supply and reference voltage for the
voltage analog circuits.
Analog ground AVSS Input Ground and reference voltage for the analog circuits.
Analog input 0 AN0Input Analog input pins, group 0
Analog input 1 AN1Input
Analog input 2 AN2Input
Analog input 3 AN3Input
Analog input 4 AN4Input Analog input pins, group 1
Analog input 5 AN5Input
Analog input 6 AN6Input
Analog input 7 AN7Input
A/D external ADTRG Input External trigger input
trigger input
15.1.4 Register Configuration
Table 15-2 lists the registers of the A/D converter module.
Table 15-2 A/D Registers
Name Abbreviation R/W Initial Value Address
A/D data register A (High) ADDRA (H) R H'00 H'FEE0
A/D data register A (Low) ADDRA (L) R H'00 H'FEE1
A/D data register B (High) ADDRB (H) R H'00 H'FEE2
A/D data register B (Low) ADDRB (L) R H'00 H'FEE3
A/D data register C (High) ADDRC (H) R H'00 H'FEE4
A/D data register C (Low) ADDRC (L) R H'00 H'FEE5
A/D data register D (High) ADDRD (H) R H'00 H'FEE6
A/D data register D (Low) ADDRD (L) R H'00 H'FEE7
A/D control/status register ADCSR R/(W)*H'00 H'FEE8
A/D control register ADCR R/W H'7F H'FEE9
*Software can write 0 to clear the status flag bits but cannot write 1.
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15.2 Register Descriptions
15.2.1 A/D Data Registers (ADDR)—H'FEE0 to H'FEE7
The four A/D data registers (ADDRA to ADDRD) are 16-bit read-only registers that store the
results of A/D conversion.
Each result consist of 10 bits. The first 8 bits are stored in the upper byte of the data register
corresponding to the selected channel. The last two bits are stored in the lower data register byte.
Each data register is assigned to two analog input channels as indicated in table 15-3.
The A/D data registers are always readable by the CPU. The upper byte can be read directly. The
lower byte is read via a temporary register. See section 15-3, “CPU Interface” for details.
The unused bits (bits 5 to 0) of the lower data register byte are always read as 0.
The A/D data registers are initialized to H'0000 at a reset and in the standby modes.
Table 15-3 Assignment of Data Registers to Analog Input Channels
Analog Input Channel
Group 0 Group 1 A/D Data Register
AN0AN4ADDRA
AN1AN5ADDRB
AN2AN6ADDRC
AN3AN7ADDRD
Bit 76543210
ADDRn H AD9AD8AD7AD6AD5AD4AD3AD2
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R R R R R R R
(n = A to D)
Bit 76543210
ADDRn H AD1AD0——————
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R R R R R R R
(n = A to D)
286
15.2.2 A/D Control/Status Register (ADCSR)—H'FEE8
* Software can write a 0 in bit 7 to clear the flag, but cannot write a 1 in this bit.
The A/D control/status register (ADCSR) is an 8-bit readable/writable register that controls the
operation of the A/D converter module.
The ADCSR is initialized to H'00 at a reset and in the standby modes.
Bit 7—A/D End Flag (ADF): This status flag indicates the end of one cycle of A/D conversion.
Bit 7
ADF Description
0 This bit is cleared from 1 to 0 when: (Initial value)
1. The chip is reset or placed in a standby mode.
2. The CPU reads the ADF bit after it has been set to 1, then writes a 0 in this bit.
3. An A/D interrupt is served by the data transfer controller (DTC).
1 This bit is set to 1 at the following times:
1. Single mode: when one A/D conversion is completed.
2. Scan mode: when inputs on all selected channels have been converted.
Bit 6—A/D Interrupt Enable (ADIE): This bit selects whether to request an A/D interrupt
(ADI) when A/D conversion is completed.
Bit 6
ADIE Description
0 The A/D interrupt request (ADI) is disabled. (Initial value)
1 The A/D interrupt request (ADI) is enabled.
Bit 76543210
ADF ADIE ADST SCAN CKS CH2 CH1 CH0
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/(W)*R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
287
Bit 5—A/D Start (ADST): The A/D converter operates while this bit is set to 1. In the single
mode, this bit is automatically cleared to 0 at the end of each A/D conversion.
Bit 5
ADST Description
0 A/D conversion is halted. (Initial value)
1 1. Single mode: One A/D conversion is performed. The ADST bit is automatically
cleared to 0 at the end of the conversion.
2. Scan mode: A/D conversion starts and continues cyclically on the selected channels
until the ADST bit is cleared to 0.
Bit 4—Scan Mode (SCAN): This bit selects the scan mode or single mode of operation.
See section 15.4, “Operation” for descriptions of these modes.
The mode should be changed only when the ADST bit is cleared to 0.
Bit 4
SCAN Description
0 Single mode (Initial value)
1 Scan mode
Bit 3—Clock Select (CKS): This bit controls the A/D conversion time.
The conversion time should be changed only when the ADST bit is cleared to 0.
Bit 3
CKS Description
0 Conversion time = 274 states (maximum) (Initial value)
1 Conversion time = 138 states (maximum)
Bits 2 to 0—Channel Select 2 to 0 (CH2 to CH0): These bits and the SCAN bit combine to
select one or more analog input channels.
The channel selection should be changed only when the ADST bit is cleared to 0.
288
Group Select Channel Select Selected Channels
CH2 CH1 CH0 Single Mode Scan Mode
0 0 0 AN0AN0
0 1 AN1AN0and AN1
1 0 AN2AN0to AN2
1 1 AN3AN0to AN3
1 0 0 AN4AN4
0 1 AN5AN4and AN5
1 0 AN6AN4to AN6
1 1 AN7AN4to AN7
15.2.3 A/D Control Register (ADCR)—H'FEE9
The A/D control register (ADCR) is an 8-bit readable/writable register that enables or disables the
A/D external trigger signal.
The ADCR is initialized to H'7F at a reset and in the standby modes.
Bit 7—Trigger Enable (TRGE): This bit enables or disables the ADTRG (A/D external trigger)
signal.
Bit 7
TRGE Description
0 External triggering of A/D conversion is disabled. (Initial value)
1 A High-to-Low transition of ADTRG starts A/D conversion.
Bit 6 to 0—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
Bit 76543210
TRGE———————
Initial value 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W — — — — — — —
289
15.3 CPU Interface
The A/D data registers (ADDRA to ADDRD) are 16-bit registers. The upper byte of each register
can be read directly, but the lower byte is accessed through an 8-bit temporary register (TEMP).
When the CPU or DTC reads the upper byte of an A/D data register, at the same time as the upper
byte is placed on the internal data bus, the lower byte is transferred to TEMP. When the lower
byte is accessed, the value in TEMP is placed on the internal data bus.
A program that requires all 10 bits of an A/D result should perform word access, or should read
first the upper byte, then the lower byte of the A/D data register. Either way, it is assured of
obtaining consistent data. Consistent data are not assured if the program reads the lower byte first.
A program that requires only 8-bit A/D accuracy should perform byte access to the upper byte of
the A/D data register. The value in TEMP can be left unread.
Figure 15-2 shows the data flow when the CPU (or DTC) reads an A/D data register.
< Lower byte read >
CPU
receives
data H'40
Bus interface Module data bus
< Upper byte read >
CPU
receives
data H'AA
Bus interface
TEMP
[H'40]
ADDRn H
[H'AA] ADDRn L
[H'40]
Module data bus
(n = A to D)
TEMP
[H'40]
ADDRn H
[H'AA] ADDRn L
[H'40] (n = A to D)
Figure 15-2 Read Access to A/D Data Register (When Register Contains H'AA40)
290
15.4 Operation
The A/D converter performs 10 successive approximations to obtain a result ranging from H'0000
(corresponding to AVSS) to H'FFC0 (corresponding to AVCC). Only the first 10 bits of the result
are significant.
The A/D converter module can be programmed to operate in single mode or scan mode as
explained below.
15.4.1 Single Mode (SCAN = 0)
The single mode is suitable for obtaining a single data value from a single channel. A/D
conversion starts when the ADST bit is set to 1. During the conversion process the ADST bit
remains set to 1. When conversion is completed, the ADST bit is automatically cleared to 0.
When the conversion is completed, the ADF bit is set to 1. If the interrupt enable bit (ADIE) is
also set to 1, an A/D conversion end interrupt (ADI) is requested, so that the converted data can be
processed by an interrupt-handling routine. Alternatively, the interrupt can be served by the data
transfer controller (DTC).
When an A/D interrupt is served by the DTC, the DTC automatically clears the ADF bit to 0.
When an A/D interrupt is served by the CPU, however, the ADF bit remains set until the CPU
reads the ADCSR, then writes a 0 in the ADF bit.
Before selecting the single mode, clock, and analog input channel, software should clear the
ADST bit to 0 to make sure the A/D converter is stopped. Changing the mode, clock, or channel
selection while A/D conversion is in progress can lead to conversion errors.
The following example explains the A/D conversion process in single mode when channel 1
(AN1) is selected. Figure 15-3 shows the corresponding timing chart.
1. Software clears the ADST bit to 0, then selects the single mode (SCAN = 0) and channel 1
(CH2 to CH0 = “001”), enables the A/D interrupt request (ADIE = 1), and sets the ADST bit to
1 to start A/D conversion. (Selection of mode, clock channel and setting the ADST bit can be
done at same time.)
Coding Example: (when using the slow clock, CKS = 0)
BCLR #5, @H'FEE8
MOV.B #H'61, @H'FEE8
2. The A/D converter samples the AN1input and converts the voltage level to a digital value. At
the end of the conversion process the A/D converter transfers the result to register ADDRB,
sets the ADF bit is set to 1, clears the ADST bit to 0, and halts.
291
3. ADF = 1 and ADIE = 1, so an A/D interrupt is requested.
4. The user-coded A/D interrupt-handling routine is started.
5. The interrupt-handling routine reads the ADCSR value, then writes a 0 in the ADF bit to clear
this bit to 0.
6. The interrupt-handling routine reads and processes the A/D conversion result.
7. The routine ends.
Steps 2 to 7 can now be repeated by setting the ADST bit to 1 again.
If the data transfer enable (DTE) bit is set to 1, the interrupt is served by the data transfer
controller (DTC). Steps 4 to 7 then change as follows.
4’. The DTC is started.
5’. The DTC automatically clears the ADF bit to 0.
6’. The DTC transfers the A/D conversion result from ADDRB to a specified destination address.
7’. The DTC ends.
292
Interrupt (ADI)
ADIE
ADST
ADF
Channel 0 (AN )
0
Channel 1 (AN )1
Channel 2 (AN )2
Channel 3 (AN )3
ADDRA
ADDRB
ADDRC
ADDRD
indicates execution of a software instruction
Set
Waiting
Waiting
Waiting
Waiting
A/D conver-
sion➀A/D conver-
sion➁
Waiting
A/D conversion result➀A/D conversion result➁
Waiting
A/D conversion starts Set Set
Clear Clear
Read resultRead result
*
*
*
*
*
*
Figure 15-3 A/D Operation in Single Mode (When Channel 1 is Selected)
293
15.4.2 Scan Mode (SCAN = 1)
The scan mode can be used to monitor analog inputs on one or more channels. When the ADST
bit is set to 1, A/D conversion starts from the first channel selected by the CH bits. When
CH2 = 0 the first channel is AN0. When CH2 = 1 the first channel is AN4.
If the scan group includes more than one channel (i.e. if bit CH1 or CH0 is set), conversion of the
next channel begins as soon as conversion of the first channel ends.
Conversion of the selected channels continues cyclically until the ADST bit is cleared to 0. The
conversion results are placed in the data registers corresponding to the selected channels.
Before selecting the scan mode, clock, and analog input channels, software should clear the ADST
bit to 0 to make sure the A/D converter is stopped. Changing the mode, clock, or channel
selection while A/D conversion is in progress can lead to conversion errors.
The following example explains the A/D conversion process when three channels in group 0 are
selected (AN0, AN1, and AN2). Figure 15-4 shows the corresponding timing chart.
1. Software clears the ADST bit to 0, then selects the scan mode (SCAN = 1), scan group 0
(CH2 = 0), and analog input channels AN0to AN2(CH1 and CH0 = 0) and sets the ADST bit
to 1 to start A/D conversion.
Coding Example: (with slow clock and ADI interrupt enabled)
BCLR #5, @H'FEE8
MOV.B #H'72, @FEE8
2. The A/D converter samples the input at AN0, converts the voltage level to a digital value, and
transfers the result to register ADDRA.
3. Next the A/D converter samples and converts AN1and transfers the result to ADDRB. Then it
samples and converts AN2and transfers the result to ADDRC.
4. After all selected channels (AN0to AN2) have been converted, the AD converter sets the ADF
bit to 1. If the ADIE bit is set to 1, an A/D interrupt (ADI) is requested. Then the A/D
converter begins converting AN0again.
5. Steps 2 to 4 are repeated cyclically as long as the ADST bit remains set to 1.
To stop the A/D converter, software must clear the ADST bit to 0.
294
Fig. 15-4
ADST
ADF
Channel 3 (AN )
3
Channel 0 (AN )0
Channel 1 (AN )1
Channel 2 (AN )2
ADDRA
ADDRB
ADDRC
ADDRD
indicates execution of a software instruction
Waiting
Waiting
Waiting
Set
Continuous A/D conversion
Transfer
A/D conver-
sion Waiting
➀A/D conver-
sion➃
A/D conversion
time
Clear
Clear
A/D conver-
sion➁
A/D conver-
sion➂
A/D conver-
sion➀
Waiting
A/D conversion➃
A/D conversion➁
A/D conversion➂
A/D conver-
sion➄Waiting
Waiting
Waiting
Waiting
* *
*
*
Figure 15-4 A/D Operation in Scan Mode (When Channels 0 to 2 are Selected)
295
15.4.3 Input Sampling Time and A/D Conversion Time
The A/D converter includes a built-in sample-and-hold circuit. Sampling of the input starts at a
time tDafter the ADST bit is set to 1. The sampling process lasts for a time tSPL. The actual A/D
conversion begins after sampling is completed. Figure 15-5 shows the timing of these steps, and
table 15-4 lists the total conversion times (tCONV) for the single mode.
The total conversion time includes tDand tSPL. The purpose of tDis to synchronize the ADCSR
write time with the A/D conversion process, so the length of tDis variable. The total conversion
time therefore varies within the minimum to maximum ranges indicated in table 15-4.
In the scan mode, the ranges given in table 15-4 apply to the first conversion. The length of the
second and subsequent conversion processes is fixed at 256 states (when CKS = 0) or 128 states
(when CKS = 1).
Internal address
bus
Write signal
Input sampling
timing
ADF
ø
(1)
(2)
tDtSPL
tCONV
(1)
(2)
t
t
t
: ADCSR write cycle
: ADCSR address
: Synchronization delay
: Input sampling time
: Total A/D conversion time
D
SPL
CONV
Figure 15-5 A/D Conversion Timing
296
Table 15-4 A/D Conversion Time (Single Mode)
CKS = 0 CKS = 1
Item Symbol Min Typ Max Min Typ Max
Synchronization delay tD18 — 33 10 — 17
Input sampling time tSPL — 63 — — 31 —
Total A/D conversion time tCONV 259 — 274 131 — 138
Note: Values in the table are numbers of states.
15.4.4 External Triggering of A/D Conversion
A/D conversion can be started by an external trigger input.
External trigger input is enabled at the ADTRG pin when the TRGE bit in the ADCR is set to 1.
Between 1.5 and 2 ø clock cycles after the ADTRG input goes Low, the ADST bit in the ADCSR
is set to 1 and A/D conversion commences.
The timing of external triggering is shown in figure 15-6.
ADST
ADTRG
ø
A/D conversion
1.0 to 2.0 cycles
Figure 15-6 Timing of Setting of ADST Bit
297
15.5 Interrupts and the Data Transfer Controller
The ADI interrupt request is enabled or disabled by the ADIE bit in the ADCSR.
When the ADI bit in data transfer enable register DTEF (bit 4 at address H'FF0D) is set to 1, the
ADI interrupt is served by the data transfer controller. The DTC can be used to transfer A/D
results to a buffer in memory, or to an I/O port. The DTC automatically clears the ADF bit to 0.
Note: In scan mode, the DTC can transfer data for only one channel per interrupt, even if two or
more channels are selected.
298
Section 16 RAM
16.1 Overview
The H8/534 and H8/536 include 2 kbytes of on-chip static RAM, connected to the CPU by a
16-bit data bus. Both byte and word access to the on-chip RAM are performed in two states,
enabling rapid data transfer and instruction execution.
The on-chip RAM is assigned to addresses H'F680 to H'FE7F in the chip’s address space. A
RAM control register (RAMCR) can enable or disable the on-chip RAM, permitting these
addresses to be allocated to external memory instead, if so desired.
16.1.1 Block Diagram
Figure 16-1 shows the block diagram of the on-chip RAM.
Internal data bus (upper 8 bits)
Internal data bus (lower 8 bits)
On-chip RAM
Address
H'F680
H'F682
H'FE7E
RAMCR
Even addresses Odd addresses
RAMCR: RAM Control Register
Figure 16-1 Block Diagram of On-Chip RAM
299
16.1.2 Register Configuration
The on-chip RAM is controlled by the register described in table 16-1.
Table 16-1 RAM Control Register
Name Abbreviation R/W Initial Value Address
RAM control register RAMCR R/W H'FF H'FF11
16.2 RAM Control Register (RAMCR)
The RAM control register (RAMCR) is an 8-bit register that enables or disable the on-chip RAM.
Bit 7—RAM Enable (RAME): This bit enables or disables the on-chip RAM.
The RAME bit is initialized on the rising edge of the reset signal. It is not initialized in the
software standby mode.
Bit 7
RAME Description
0 On-chip RAM is disabled.
1 On-chip RAM is enabled. (Initial value)
Bits 6 to 0—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
16.3 Operation
16.3.1 Expanded Modes (Modes 1, 2, 3, and 4)
If the RAME bit is set to 1, accesses to addresses H'F680 to H'FE7F are directed to the on-chip
RAM. If the RAME bit is cleared to 0, accesses to addresses H'F680 to H'FE7F are directed to the
external data bus.
Bit 76543210
RAME———————
Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W — — — — — — —
300
16.3.2 Single-Chip Mode (Mode 7)
If the RAME bit is set to 1, accesses to addresses H'F680 to H'FE7F are directed to the on-chip
RAM. If the RAME bit is cleared to 0, access of any type (instruction fetch or data read or write)
to addresses H'F680 to H'FE7F causes an address error and initiates the CPU’s exception-handling
sequence.
301
Section 17 ROM
17.1 Overview
The H8/534 includes 32 kbytes of high-speed, on-chip ROM. The H8/536 has 62 kbytes of on-
chip ROM. The on-chip ROM is connected to the CPU via a 16-bit data bus and is accessed in
two states.
Users wishing to program the chip themselves can request electrically programmable ROM
(PROM). The PROM version has a PROM mode in which the chip can be programmed with a
standard, external PROM writer. The chip is also available with masked ROM.
The on-chip ROM is enabled or disabled depending on the MCU operating mode, which is
determined by the inputs at the mode pins when the chip comes out of the reset state.
See table 17-1.
Table 17-1 ROM Usage in Each MCU Mode
Mode Pins
Mode MD2MD1MD0ROM
Mode 1 (expanded minimum mode) 0 0 1 Disabled (external addresses)
Mode 2 (expanded minimum mode) 0 1 0 Enabled
Mode 3 (expanded maximum mode) 0 1 1 Disabled (external addresses)
Mode 4 (expanded maximum mode) 1 0 0 Enabled
Mode 7 (single-chip mode) 1 1 1 Enabled
17.1.1 Block Diagram
Figure 17-1 shows the block diagram of the on-chip ROM.
303
17.2 PROM Mode
17.2.1 PROM Mode Setup
The PROM version has a PROM mode in which the usual microcomputer functions of the H8/534
or H8/536 are halted to allow the on-chip PROM to be programmed.
To select the PROM mode, apply the signal inputs listed in table 17-2.
Table 17-2 Selection of PROM Mode
Pin Input
Mode pins (MD2, MD1, and MD0) Low
STBY pin Low
P61and P60High
Internal data bus (upper 8 bits)
Internal data bus (lower 8 bits)
On-chip ROM
Addresses
H8/534
H'0002
H'7FFE
Even addresses Odd addresses
H'0000 H8/536
H'0002
H'F67E
H'0000
Figure 17-1 Block Diagram of On-Chip ROM
304
17.2.2 Socket Adapter Pin Arrangements and Memory Map
The H8/534 or H8/536 can be programmed with a general-purpose PROM writer by attaching a
socket adapter as listed in table 17-3. The socket adapter depends on the type of package. Figure
17-2(a) and (b) show the socket adapter pin arrangements. Figure 17-3 is a memory map.
Table 17-3 Socket Adapter
Chip Package Socket Adapter
H8/534 84-Pin PLCC (CP-84) HS538ESC01H
84-Pin windowed LCC (CG-84) HS538ESG01H
80-Pin QFP (FP-80A) HS538ESH01H
80-Pin TQFP (TFP-80C) HS5348ESN01H*
H8/536 84-Pin PLCC (CP-84) HS538ESC02H
84-Pin windowed LCC (CG-84) HS538ESG02H
80-Pin QFP (FP-80A) HS538ESH02H
80-Pin TQFP (TFP-80C) HS5368ESN01H*
Note: *Under development.
305
VPP: Programming power (12.5 V)
E7to E0: Data input/output
EA14 to EA0: Address input
OE: Output enable
CE: Chip enable
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•Note: All pins not shown in this figure should be left open.
H8/534
Pin HN27C256 (28 pins)
VPP 1
EA924
EO011
EO112
EO213
EO315
EO416
EO517
EO618
EO719
EA010
EA19
EA28
EA37
EA46
EA55
EA64
EA73
EA825
OE 22
EA10 21
EA11 23
EA12 2
EA13 26
EA14 27
CE 20
VCC 28
Vss 14
EPROM socket
FP-80A CG-84, CP-84 Pin
10 21 RES
11 22 NMI
13 25 P30
14 26 P31
15 27 P32
16 28 P33
17 29 P34
18 30 P35
19 31 P36
20 32 P37
21 33 P40
22 34 P41
23 35 P42
24 36 P43
25 37 P44
26 38 P45
27 39 P46
28 40 P47
30 43 P50
31 44 P51
32 45 P52
33 46 P53
34 47 P54
35 48 P55
36 49 P56
37 50 P57
38 51 P60
39 52 P61
60 74 AVCC
5 16 VCC
42 55 VCC
6 17 MD0
7 18 MD1
8 19 MD2
9 20 STBY
51 65 AVss
12 2 Vss
29 24 Vss
71 41 Vss
— 42 Vss
— 64 Vss
— 83 Vss
Figure 17-2(a) Socket Adapter Pin Arrangements (H8/534)
306
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
VPP: Programming power (12.5 V)
E7to E0: Data input/output
EA16 to EA0: Address input
OE: Output enable
CE: Chip enable
PGM:Program
Note: All pins not shown in this figure should be left open.
H8/536
Pin HN27C101 (32 pins)
VPP 1
EA926
EA15 3
EA16 2
PGM 31
EO013
EO114
EO215
EO317
EO418
EO519
EO620
EO721
EA012
EA111
EA210
EA39
EA48
EA57
EA66
EA75
EA827
OE 24
EA10 23
EA11 25
EA12 4
EA13 28
EA14 29
CE 22
VCC 32
VSS 16
EPROM socket
FP-80A CG-84, CP-84 Pin
10 21 RES
11 22 NMI
76 7 P14
77 8 P15
78 9 P16
13 25 P30
14 26 P31
15 27 P32
16 28 P33
17 29 P34
18 30 P35
19 31 P36
20 32 P37
21 33 P40
22 34 P41
23 35 P42
24 36 P43
25 37 P44
26 38 P45
27 39 P46
28 40 P47
30 43 P50
31 44 P51
32 45 P52
33 46 P53
34 47 P54
35 48 P55
36 49 P56
37 50 P57
38 51 P60
39 52 P61
60 74 AVCC
5 16 VCC
42 55 VCC
6 17 MD0
7 18 MD1
8 19 MD2
9 20 STBY
51 65 AVSS
12 2 VSS
29 24 VSS
71 41 VSS
— 42 VSS
— 64 VSS
— 83 VSS
Figure 17-2(b) Socket Adapter Pin Arrangements (H8/536)
307
17.3 H8/534 Programming
The write, verify, and inhibited sub-modes of the PROM mode are selected as shown in
table 17-4.
Table 17-4 Selection of Sub-Modes in PROM Mode (H8/534)
Pins
Mode CE OE VPP VCC 07to 00A14 to A0
Write Low High VPP VCC Data input Address input
Verify High Low VPP VCC Data output Address input
Programming inhibited High High VPP VCC High-impedance Address input
Note: The VPP and VCC pins must be held at the VPP and VCC voltage levels.
The H8/534 PROM uses the same, standard read/write specifications as the HN27C256 and
HN27256.
17.3.1 Writing and Verifying
An efficient, high-speed programming procedure can be used to write and verify PROM data.
This procedure writes data quickly without subjecting the chip to voltage stress and without
sacrificing data reliability. It leaves the data H'FF written in unused addresses.
H8/536
On-chip ROM
Address in
MCU mode Address in
MCU mode
Address in
PROM mode Address in
PROM mode
H'0000 H'0000H'0000 H'0000
H'7FFF
*In mode 2, H'EE80 to H'F67F are external addresses. Do not attempt to program these
addresses if the H8/536 will be used in mode 2.
H'F67F
H'EE80*
H'7FFF H'F67F
H8/534
On-chip ROM
Figure 17-3 Memory Map in PROM Mode
308
Figure 17-4 shows the basic high-speed programming flowchart.
Tables 17-5 and 17-6 list the electrical characteristics of the chip in the PROM mode. Figure 17-5
shows a write/verify timing chart.
SET PROG./VERIFY MODE
V = 6.0 V ±0.25 V, V = 12.5 V ±0.5 V
Address = 0
n = 0
n + 1 n
→
Program tpw = 1 ms ±5%
Verify
N
NY
GO
n < S
S = 25
Address + 1 Address
→
Last address? N
Y
Program topw = 3n ms
SET READ MODE
V = 5.0 V, V = V
Read all addresses
END
NOGO
GO
FAIL
START
CC PP
CC PP CC
Figure 17-4 High-Speed Programming Flowchart (H8/534)
309
Table 17-5 DC Characteristics (H8/534)
(When VCC = 6.0 V ±0.25 V, VPP = 12.5 V ±0.3 V, VSS = 0 V, Ta = 25˚C ±5˚C)
Sym- Measurement
Item bol Min Typ Max Unit Conditions
Input High voltage O7to O0, A14 to A0, OE, CE VIH 2.4 — VCC + 0.3 V
Input Low voltage O7to O0, A14 to A0, OE, CE VIL –0.3 — 0.8 V
Input High voltage O7to O0VOH 2.4 — — V IOH =
–200 µA
Input Low voltage O7to O0VOL — — 0.45 V IOL = 1.6 mA
Input leakage O7to O0, A14 to A0, OE, CE |ILI| — — 2 µA Vin =
current 5.25 V/0.5 V
VCC current ICC — — 40 mA
VPP current IPP — — 40 mA
Table 17-6 AC Characteristics (H8/534)
(When VCC = 6.0 V ±0.25 V, VPP = 12.5 V ±0.3 V, Ta = 25˚C ±5˚C)
Sym- Measurement
Item bol Min Typ Max Unit Conditions
Address setup time tAS 2 — — µs See figure
OE setup time tOES 2 — — µs 17-5*
Data setup time tDS 2 — — µs
Address hold time tAH 0 — — µs
Data hold time tDH 2 — — µs
Data output disable time tDF — — 130 ns
VPP setup time tVPS 2 — — µs
Program pulse width tPW 0.95 1.0 1.05 ms
OE pulse width for tOPW 2.85 — 78.75 ms
overwrite-programming
VCC setup time tVCS 2 — — µs
Data output delay time tOE 0 — 500 ns
*Input pulse level: 0.8 V to 2.2 V
Input rise/fall time ≤20 ns
Timing reference levels: input—1.0 V, 2.0 V; output—0.8 V, 2.0 V
310
17.3.2 Notes on Writing
1. Write with the specified voltages and timing. The programming voltage (VPP) in the
PROM mode is 12.5 V.
Caution: Applied voltages in excess of the specified values can permanently destroy to the chip.
Be particularly careful about the PROM writer’s overshoot characteristics.
If the PROM writer is set to Intel specifications or Hitachi HN27256 or HN27C256 specifications,
Vpp will be 12.5 V.
2. Before writing data, check that the socket adapter and chip are correctly mounted in the
PROM writer. Overcurrent damage to the chip can result if the index marks on the PROM
writer, socket adapter, and chip are not correctly aligned.
Address
tAS
Write Verify
Data
VPP VPP
VCC
VCCVCC
VCC
+1
CE
OE
Input data Output data
tDS tDH
tVPS
tVCS
tAH
tDF
tPW tOES tOE
Figure 17-5 PROM Write/Verify Timing (H8/534)
311
3. Don’t touch the socket adapter or chip while writing. Touching either of these can cause
contact faults and write errors.
17.4 H8/536 Programming
The write, verify, and other sub-modes of PROM mode are selected as shown in table 17-7.
Table 17-7 Selection of Sub-Modes in PROM Mode (H8/536)
Pins
Mode CE OE PGM VPP VCC 07to 00A16 to A0
Write Low High Low VPP VCC Data input Address input
Verify Low Low High VPP VCC Data output Address input
Programming inhibited Low Low Low VPP VCC High-impedance Address input
Low High High
High Low Low
High High High
Note: The VPP and VCC pins must be held at the VPP and VCC voltage levels.
Standard EPROM read/write specifications are used, the same as for the HN27C101. The
HN27C101 has two programming modes: page programming and byte programming.
The H8/536 does not support page programming, so select byte programming.
17.4.1 Writing and Verifying
An efficient, high-speed programming procedure can be used to write and verify PROM data. This
procedure writes data quickly without subjecting the chip to voltage stress and without sacrificing
data reliability. It leaves the data H'FF written in unused addresses.
Figure 17-6 shows the basic high-speed programming flowchart.
Tables 17-8 and 17-9 list the electrical characteristics of the chip during programming.
Figure 17-7 shows a timing diagram.
312
SET PROG./VERIFY MODE
V = 6.0 V ±0.25 V, V = 12.5 V ±0.3 V
Address = 0
n = 0
n + 1 n
→
Program tpw = 0.2 ms ±5%
Verify
N
NY
GO
n < S
S = 25
Address + 1 Address
→
Last address? N
Y
Program topw = 0.2n ms
SET READ MODE
V = 5.0 V, V = V
Read all addresses
END
NOGO
GO
FAIL
START
CC PP
CC PP CC
Figure 17-6 High-Speed Programming Flowchart (H8/536)
313
Table 17-8 DC Characteristics (H8/536)
(When VCC = 6.0 V ±0.25 V, VPP = 12.5 V ±0.3 V, VSS = 0 V, Ta = 25˚C ±5˚C)
Sym- Test
Item bol Min Typ Max Unit Conditions
Input high voltage O7to O0, A16 to A0, OE, VIH 2.4 — VCC + 0.3 V
CE, PGM
Input low voltage O7to O0, A16 to A0, OE, VIL –0.3 — 0.8 V
CE, PGM
Output high voltage O7to O0VOH 2.4 — — V IOH = –200 µA
Output low voltage O7to O0VOL — — 0.45 V IOL = 1.6 mA
Input leakage O7to O0, A16 to A0, OE, |ILI| — — 2 µA Vin = 5.25 V/
current CE, PGM 0.5 V
VCC current ICC — — 40 mA
VPP current IPP — — 40 mA
Table 17-9 AC Characteristics (H8/536)
(When VCC = 6.0 V ±0.25 V, VPP = 12.5 V ±0.3 V, Ta = 25˚C ±5˚C)
Sym- Test
Item bol Min Typ Max Unit Conditions
Address setup time tAS 2 — — µs See figure
OE setup time tOES 2 — — µs 17-7*
Data setup time tDS 2 — — µs
Address hold time tAH 0 — — µs
Data hold time tDH 2 — — µs
Data output disable time tDF — — 130 ns
VPP setup time tVPS 2 — — µs
Program pulse width tPW 0.19 0.20 0.21 ms
OE pulse width for tOPW 0.19 — 5.25 ms
overwrite-programming
VCC setup time tVCS 2 — — µs
OE setup time tCES 2 — — µs
Data output delay time tOE 0 — 150 ns
*Input pulse level: 0.8 V to 2.2 V
Input rise/fall time ≤20 ns
Timing reference levels: input—1.0 V, 2.0 V; output—0.8 V, 2.0 V
314
17.4.2 Notes on Programming
1. Program with the specified voltages and timing.
The programming voltage (VPP) in PROM mode is 12.5 V.
Caution: Applied voltages in excess of the specified values can permanently destroy the chip. Be
particularly careful about the PROM writer’s overshoot characteristics.
If the PROM writer is set to Hitachi HN27C101 specifications, VPP will be 12.5 V.
2. Before programming, check that the socket adapter and chip are correctly mounted in
the PROM writer. Overcurrent damage to the chip can result if the index marks on the PROM
writer, socket adapter, and chip are not correctly aligned.
Address
tAS
Write Verify
Data
VPP VPP
VCC
VCCVCC
VCC
+1
CE
OE
Input data Output data
tDS tDH
tVPS
tVCS
tAH
tDF
tPW tOES tOE
tCES
PGM
Figure 17-7 PROM Write/Verify Timing (H8/536)
315
3. Don’t touch the socket adapter or chip while programming. Touching either of these can
cause contact faults and write errors.
4. The H8/536 uses the HN27C101’s byte programming mode. Note that some PROM writers
do not support the HN27C101’s byte programming mode. Table 17-10 lists the PROM writers
recommended for use with the HD6475368R.
Table 17-10 PROM Writers
Recommended PROM Writers
Vendor Model
Data I/O 29B + Unipak 2B V21.0*
212 V2.0*
288A V4.1*
SI000 V15.0*
UNISITE 40 V3.0*
2900 V1.0*
Aval Data PKW-3100
PKW-1100
Minato Electronics Model 1892
80-pin QFP type: GA91-15
84-pin PLCC type: GA91-16
Model 1891
80-pin QFP type: GA91-15
84-pin PLCC type: GA91-16
Note: *Use PROM writers with the indicated or higher
version numbers.
5. The H8/536 PROM size is 62 kbytes. When programming, leave data H'FF in addresses
H'F680 to H'1FFFF.
316
17.5 Reliability of Written Data
An effective way to assure the data holding characteristics of the programmed chips is to bake
them at 150˚C, then screen them for data errors. This procedure quickly eliminates chips with
PROM memory cells prone to early failure.
Figure 17-8 shows the recommended screening procedure.
If a series of write errors occur while the same PROM writer is in use, stop programming and
check the PROM writer and socket adapter for defects, using a microcomputer with a windowed
package and on-chip EPROM.
Please inform Hitachi of any abnormal conditions noted during programming or in screening of
program data after high-temperature baking.
Figure 17-8 Recommended Screening Procedure
Write program
Bake with power off
150°C 48 Hr
Read and check program
VCC = 5.0 V
Install
317
17.6 Erasing of Data
The windowed package enables data to be erased by illuminating the window with ultraviolet
light. Table 17-11 lists the erasing conditions.
Table 17-11 Erasing Conditions
Item Value
Ultraviolet wavelength 253.7 nm
Minimum illumination 15 W·s/cm2
The conditions in table 17-11 can be satisfied by placing a 12000-µW/cm2ultraviolet lamp 2 or 3
centimeters directly above the chip and leaving it on for about 20 minutes.
318
17.7 Handling of Windowed Packages
1. Glass Erasing Window: Rubbing the glass erasing window of a windowed package with a
plastic material or touching it with an electrically charged object can create a static charge on
the window surface which may cause the chip to malfunction.
If the erasing window becomes charged, the charge can be neutralized by a short exposure to
ultraviolet light. This returns the chip to its normal condition, but it also reduces the charge
stored in the floating gates of the PROM, so it is recommended that the chip be reprogrammed
afterward.
Accumulation of static charge on the window surface can be prevented by the following
precautions:
(1) When handling the package, ground yourself. Don’t wear gloves. Avoid other possible
sources of static charge.
(2) Avoid friction between the glass window and plastic or other materials that tend to
accumulate static charge.
(3) Be careful when using cooling sprays, since they may have a slight ion content.
(4) Cover the window with an ultraviolet-shield label, preferably a label including a
conductive material. Besides protecting the PROM contents from ultraviolet light, the
label protects the chip by distributing static charge uniformly.
2. Handling after Programming: Fluorescent light and sunlight contain small amounts of
ultraviolet, so prolonged exposure to these types of light can cause programmed data to invert.
In addition, exposure to any type of intense light can induce photoelectric effects that may lead
to chip malfunction. It is recommended that after programming the chip, you cover the erasing
window with a light-proof label (such as an ultraviolet-shield label).
3. 84-Pin LCC Package Mounting: When mounted on a printed circuit board, the 84-pin LCC
package must be mounted in a socket. The recommended socket is listed in table 17-12.
Table 17-12 Socket for 84-Pin LCC Package
Manufacturer Product Code
Sumitomo 3-M 284-1273-00-1102J
319
Section 18 Power-Down State
18.1 Overview
The H8/534 and H8/536 have a power-down state that greatly reduces power consumption by
stopping the CPU functions. The power-down state includes three modes:
1. Sleep mode— a software-triggered mode in which the CPU halts but the rest of
the chip remains active
2. Software standby mode— a software-triggered mode in which the entire chip is inactive
3. Hardware standby mode— a hardware-triggered mode in which the entire chip is inactive
The sleep mode and software standby mode are entered from the program execution state by
executing the SLEEP instruction under the conditions given in table 18-1. The hardware standby
mode is entered from any other state by a Low input at the STBY pin.
Table 18-1 lists the conditions for entering and leaving the power-down modes. It also indicates
the status of the CPU, on-chip supporting modules, etc., in each power-down mode.
Table 18-1 Power-Down State
Entering CPU Sup. I/O Exiting
Mode Procedure Clock CPU Reg’s. Mod’s. RAM Ports Methods
Sleep Execute Run Halt Held Run Held Held • Interrupt
mode SLEEP • RES Low
instruction • STBY Low
Soft- Set SSBY bit Halt Halt Held Halt Held Held • NMI
ware in SBYCR to and • RES Low
standby 1, then initialized • STBY Low
mode execute SLEEP
instruction*
Hard- Set STBY Halt Halt Not Halt Held High • STBY High,
ware pin to Low held and impe- then RES
standby level initialized dance Low
→High
mode state
*The watchdog timer must also be stopped.
Notes: SBYCR Software standby control register
SSBY Software standby bit
321
18.2 Sleep Mode
18.2.1 Transition to Sleep Mode
Execution of the SLEEP instruction causes a transition from the program execution state to the
sleep mode. After executing the SLEEP instruction, the CPU halts, but the contents of its internal
registers remain unchanged. The functions of the on-chip supporting modules do not stop in the
sleep mode.
18.2.2 Exit from Sleep Mode
The chip wakes up from the sleep mode when it receives an internal or external interrupt request,
or a Low input at the RES or STBY pin.
1. Wake-Up by Interrupt: An interrupt releases the sleep mode and starts either the CPU’s
interrupt-handling sequence or the data transfer controller (DTC).
If the interrupt is served by the DTC, after the data transfer is completed the CPU executes the
instruction following the SLEEP instruction, unless the count in the data transfer count register
(DTCR) is 0.
If an interrupt on a level equal to or less than the mask level in the CPU’s status register (SR) is
requested, the interrupt is left pending and the sleep mode continues. Also, if an interrupt from
an on-chip supporting module is disabled by the corresponding enable/disable bit in the
module’s control register, the interrupt cannot be requested, so it cannot wake the chip up.
2. Wake-Up by RES pin: When the RES pin goes Low, the chip exits from the sleep mode to
the reset state.
3. Wake-Up by STBY pin: When the STBY pin goes Low, the chip exits from the sleep mode to
the hardware standby mode.
18.3 Software Standby Mode
18.3.1 Transition to Software Standby Mode
A program enters the software standby mode by setting the standby bit (SSBY) in the software
standby control register (SBYCR) to 1, then executing the SLEEP instruction. Table 18-2 lists the
attributes of the software standby control register.
322
Table 18-2 Software Standby Control Register
Name Abbreviation R/W Initial Value Address
Software standby control register SBYCR R/W H'7F H'FF13
In the software standby mode, the CPU, clock, and the on-chip supporting module functions all
stop, reducing power consumption to an extremely low level. The on-chip supporting modules
and their registers are reset to their initial state, but as long as a minimum necessary voltage
supply is maintained (at least 2 V), the contents of the CPU registers and on-chip RAM remain
unchanged. The I/O ports also remain in their current states.
18.3.2 Software Standby Control Register (SBYCR)
The software standby control register (SBYCR) is an 8-bit register that controls the action of the
SLEEP instruction.
Bit 7—Software Standby (SSBY): This bit enables or disables the transition to the software
standby mode.
Bit 7
SSBY Description
0 The SLEEP instruction causes a transition to the sleep mode. (Initial value)
1 The SLEEP instruction causes a transition to the software standby mode.
The watchdog timer must be stopped before the chip can enter the software standby mode. To
stop the watchdog timer, clear the timer enable bit (TME) in the watchdog timer’s timer
control/status register (TCSR) to 0. The SSBY bit cannot be set to 1 while the TME bit is set to 1.
When the chip is recovered from the software standby mode by a nonmaskable interrupt (NMI),
the SSBY bit is automatically cleared to 0. It is also cleared to 0 by a reset or transition to the
hardware standby mode.
Bits 6 to 0—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
Bit 76543210
SSBY———————
Initial value 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W — — — — — — —
323
18.3.3 Exit from Software Standby Mode
The chip can be brought out of the software standby mode by an input at one of three pins: the
NMI pin, RES pin, or STBY pin.
1. Recovery by NMI Pin: When an NMI request signal is received, the clock oscillator begins
operating but clock pulses are supplied only to the watchdog timer (WDT). The watchdog
timer begins counting from H'00 at the rate determined by the clock select bits (CKS2 to
CKS0) in its timer status/control register (TCSR). This rate should be set slow enough to allow
the clock oscillator to stabilize before the count reaches H'FF. When the count overflows from
H'FF to H'00, clock pulses are supplied to the whole chip, the software standby mode ends, and
execution of the NMI interrupt-handling sequence begins.
The clock select bits (CKS2 to CKS0) should be set as follows.
(1) Crystal oscillator: Set CKS2 to CKS0 to a value that makes the watchdog timer interval
equal to or greater than 10ms, which is the clock stabilization time.
(2) External clock input: CKS2 to CKS0 can be set to any value. The minimum value
(CKS2 = CKS1 = CKS0 = 0) is recommended.
2. Recovery by RES Pin: When the RES pin goes Low, the clock oscillator starts. Next, when
the RES pin goes High, the CPU begins executing the reset sequence.
When the chip recovers from the software standby mode by a reset, clock pulses are supplied to
the entire chip at once. Be sure to hold the RES pin Low long enough for the clock to stabilize.
3. Recovery by STBY Pin: When STBY the pin goes Low, the chip exits from the software
standby mode to the hardware standby mode.
18.3.4 Sample Application of Software Standby Mode
In this example the chip enters the software standby mode on the falling edge of the NMI input
and recovers from the software standby mode on the rising edge of NMI. Figure 18-1 shows a
timing chart of the transitions.
The nonmaskable interrupt edge bit (NMIEG) in the port 1 control register (P1CR) is originally
cleared to 0, selecting the falling edge as the NMI trigger. After accepting an NMI interrupt in
this condition, software changes the NMIEG bit to 1, sets the SSBY bit to 1, and executes the
SLEEP instruction to enter the software standby mode. The chip recovers from the software
standby mode on the next rising edge at the NMI pin.
324
18.3.5 Application Notes
The I/O ports remain in their current states in the software standby mode. If a port is in the High
output state, the output current is not reduced in the software standby mode.
18.4 Hardware Standby Mode
18.4.1 Transition to Hardware Standby Mode
Regardless of its current state, the chip enters the hardware standby mode whenever the STBY pin
goes Low.
The hardware standby mode reduces power consumption drastically by halting the CPU, stopping
all the functions of the on-chip supporting modules, and placing I/O ports in the high-impedance
state. The registers of the on-chip supporting modules are reset to their initial values. Only the
on-chip RAM is held unchanged, provided the minimum necessary voltage supply is maintained
(see note 1).
NMI
NMEG
SSBY
ø
NMI interrupt handling
NMIEG = 1
SSBY = 1
SLEEP instruction
Software standby mode
(Power-down state)
Clock start-up
time
Clock settling time
WDT overflow
NMI interrupt handling
Oscillator
WDT interval (t )
OSC2
Figure 18-1 NMI Timing of Software Standby Mode (Application Example)
325
Notes: 1. The RAME bit in the RAM control register should be cleared to 0 before the STBY
pin goes Low, to disable the on-chip RAM during the hardware standby mode.
2. Do not change the inputs at the mode pins (MD2, MD1, MD0) during hardware
standby mode. Be particularly careful not to let all three mode inputs go low, since
that would place the chip in PROM mode, causing increased current dissipation.
18.4.2 Recovery from Hardware Standby Mode
Recovery from the hardware standby mode requires inputs at both the STBY and RES pins.
When the STBY pin goes High, the clock oscillator begins running. The RES pin should be Low
at this time and should be held Low long enough for the clock to stabilize. When the RES pin
changes from Low to High, the reset sequence is executed and the chip returns to the program
execution state.
Note: During standby mode, power must still be supplied to AVCC, and the mode pins must be
held at the selected mode.
18.4.3 Timing Sequence of Hardware Standby Mode
Figure 18-2 shows the usual sequence for entering and leaving the hardware standby mode.
First the RES pin goes Low, placing the chip in the reset state. Then the STBY pin goes Low,
placing the chip in the hardware standby mode and stopping the clock. In the recovery sequence
first the STBY pin goes High; then after the clock stabilizes, the RES pin is returned to the High
level.
Oscillator
RES
STBY
Clock settling time
Restart
Figure 18-2 Hardware Standby Sequence
326
Section 19 E Clock Interface
19.1 Overview
For interfacing to E clock based peripheral devices, the H8/534 and H8/536 can generate an E
clock output. Special instructions (MOVTPE, MOVFPE) perform data transfers synchronized
with the E clock.
The E clock is created by dividing the system clock (ø) by 8. The E clock is output at the P11pin
when the P11DDR bit in the port 1 data direction register (P1DDR) is set to 1.
When the CPU executes an instruction that synchronizes with the E clock, the address is output on
the address bus as usual, but the data bus and the R/W, DS, RD, and WR signal lines do not
become active until the falling edge of the E clock is detected. The length of the access cycle for
an instruction synchronized with the E clock is accordingly variable. Figures 19-1 and 19-2 show
the timing in the cases of maximum and minimum synchronization delay.
The wait state controller (WSC) does not insert any wait states (Tw) during the execution of an
instruction synchronized with the E clock.
327
AS,
T1T2TETETETETETETETETETETETETETET3
Last state
E
ø
A to A
19 0
R/W
DS (Read access),
RD
DS (Write access),
WR
D to D
(Read access)
7 0
D to D
(Write access)
7 0
Figure 19-1 Execution Cycle of Instruction Synchronized with E Clock in
Expanded Modes (Maximum Synchronization Delay)
Figure 19-1 Execution Cycle of Instruction Synchronized with E Clock in
Expanded Modes (Maximum Synchronization Delay)
328
AS,
T1T2TETETETETETETET3
Last state
E
ø
A to A
19 0
R/W
DS (Read access),
RD
DS (Write access),
WR
D to D
(Read access)
7 0
D to D
(Write access)
7 0
Figure 19-2 Execution Cycle of Instruction Synchronized with E Clock in Expanded Modes
(Minimum Synchronization Delay)
329
Section 20 Electrical Specifications
20.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
Table 20-1 lists the absolute maximum ratings.
Table 20-1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
Item Symbol Rating Unit
Supply voltage VCC –0.3 to +7.0 V
R-mask VPP –0.3 to +13.5 V
S-mask –0.3 to +13.0 V
Input voltage (except Port 8) Vin –0.3 to VCC + 0.3 V
(Port 8) Vin –0.3 to AVCC + 0.3 V
Analog supply voltage AVCC –0.3 to +7.0 V
Analog input voltage VAN –0.3 to AVCC + 0.3 V
Operating temperature Topr Regular specifications: –20 to +75 ˚C
Wide-range specifications: –40 to +85 ˚C
Storage temperature Tstg –55 to +125 ˚C
Note: Permanent LSI damage may occur if maximum ratings are exceeded. Normal operation
should be under recommended operating conditions.
20.2 Electrical Characteristics
20.2.1 DC Characteristics
Table 20-2 lists the DC characteristics.
Programming
voltage
331
–Preliminary–
Table 20-2 DC Characteristics – Preliminary for S-Mask Versions–
(5-V Versions)
Conditions: VCC = 5.0 V ±10%, AVCC = 5.0 V ±10%*1, VSS = AVSS = 0 V,
Ta= –20 to +75˚C (Regular Specifications)
Ta= –40 to +85˚C (Wide-Range Specifications)
Test
Item Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Conditions
Input High RES, STBY, VIH VCC – 0.7 – VCC + 0.3 V
voltage MD2, MD1, MD0
EXTAL VCC
×0.7 – VCC + 0.3 V
Port 8 2.2 – AVCC + 0.3V
Other input pins 2.2 – VCC + 0.3 V
(except port 7)
Input Low RES, STBY, VIL –0.3 – 0.5 V
voltage MD2, MD1, MD0
Other input pins –0.3 – 0.8 V
(except port 7)
Schmitt Port 7 VT–1.0 – 2.5 V
trigger input VT+2.0 – 3.5 V
voltage VT+ – VT–0.4 – – V
Input RES | Iin | – – 10.0 µA Vin = 0.5 to
leakage STBY, NMI, – – 1.0 µA VCC – 0.5 V
current MD2, MD1, MD0
Port 8 – – 1.0 µA Vin = 0.5 to
AVCC – 0.5 V
Leakage cur- Port 9, | ITSI | – – 1.0 µA Vin = 0.5 to
rent in 3-state ports 7 to 1 VCC – 0.5 V
(off state)
Input pull-up Ports 6 R-mask –IP50 – 200 µA Vin = 0 V
MOS current and 5 S-mask 50 – 300 µA
Output High All output pins VOH VCC – 0.5 – – V IOH = –200 µA
voltage 3.5 – – V IOH = –1 mA
Output Low All output pins VOL – – 0.4 V IOL = 1.6 mA
voltage (except RES)
Port 4 R-mask – – 1.0 V IOL = 8 mA
– – 1.2 V IOL = 10 mA
S-mask – – 1.0 V IOL = 10 mA
RES – – 0.4 V IOL = 2.6 mA
Note: *1 AVcc must be connected to a power supply line, even when the A/D converter is not
used and even in standby mode.
332
Table 20-2 DC Characteristics – Preliminary for S-Mask Versions–
(5-V Versions) (cont)
Test
Item Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Conditions
Input RES H8/534 Cin – – 60 pF Vin = 0 V
capacitance H8/536 – – 100 pF f = 1 MHz
NMI R-mask – – 30 pF Ta= 25°C
S-mask – – 50 pF
All input pins – – 15 pF
except RES, NMI
Current Normal R-mask ICC – 25 40 mA f = 6 MHz
dissipation*2operation – 30 50 mA f = 8 MHz
– 35 60 mA f = 10 MHz
S-mask – 40 60 mA f = 16 MHz
Sleep R-mask – 12 25 mA f = 6 MHz
mode – 16 30 mA f = 8 MHz
– 20 35 mA f = 10 MHz
S-mask – 23 35 mA f = 16 MHz
Standby – 0.01 5.0 µA Ta≤50°C
– – 20.0 µA Ta> 50°C
Analog supply During A/D R-mask AICC – 1.2 2.0 mA
current conversion S-mask – 1.5 3.0 mA
While waiting – 0.01 5.0 µA
RAM standby voltage VRAM 2.0 – – V
Note: *2 Current dissipation values assume that VIH min = VCC – 0.5 V, VIL max = 0.5 V,
all output pins are in the no-load state, and all MOS input pull-ups are off.
333
Table 20-3 DC Characteristics (3-V S-Mask Versions) –Preliminary–
Conditions: VCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0 V, Ta= –20 to +75˚C (Regular Specifications),
AVCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V*1
Test
Item Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Conditions
Input High RES, STBY, VIH VCC ×0.85 – VCC + 0.3 V
voltage MD2to MD0
EXTAL VCC ×0.7 – VCC + 0.3 V
Port 8 2.2 – AVCC + 0.3V
Other input pins 2.2 – VCC + 0.3 V
(except port 7)
Input Low RES, STBY, VIL –0.3 – 0.4 V
voltage MD2to MD0,
EXTAL –0.3 – 0.8 V VCC ≥4.0 V
–0.3 – VCC ×0.2 V VCC < 4.0 V
Port 7 VT–VCC ×0.2 – VCC ×0.5 V
VT+VCC ×0.4 – VCC ×0.7 V
VT+– VT–VCC ×0.07 – – V
RES |Iin| – – 10.0 µA
STBY, NMI, – – 1.0 µA
MD2, MD1, MD0
Port 8 – – 1.0 µA Vin = 0.5 to
AVCC – 0.5 V
Leakage Port 9, ports 7 to 1 |ITSI| – – 1.0 µA Vin = 0.5 to
current in VCC – 0.5 V
3-state
(off-state)
Input pull-up Ports 6 and 5 –IP15 – 300 µA Vin = 0 V
MOS current
Output High All output pins VOH VCC – 0.4 – – V IOH = –200 µA
VCC – 1.0 – – V IOH = –1 mA
Note: *1 AVCC must be connected to a power supply line, even when the A/D converter is not
used, and even in standby mode.
Schmitt
trigger input
voltages
Input
leakage
current
Output High
voltage
Other input pins
(except port 7)
Vin = 0.5 to
VCC – 0.5 V
334
Table 20-3 DC Characteristics (3-V S-Mask Versions) (cont) –Preliminary–
Item Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
Output Low All output pins VOL – – 0.4 V IOL = 1.6 mA
voltage (except RES)
Port 4 – – 1.0 V IOL = 5 mA
RES – – 0.4 V IOL = 1.6 mA
RES H8/534 Cin – – 60 pF
H8/536 100
NMI – – 50 pF
All input pins except – – 15 pF
RES and NMI
Current Normal ICC – 27 40 mA f = 10 MHz,
dissipation*2operation VCC = 5 V
– 17 25 mA f = 10 MHz,
VCC = 3 V
Sleep mode – 15 25 mA f = 10 MHz,
VCC = 5 V
– 10 15 mA f = 10 MHz,
VCC = 3 V
Standby – 0.01 5.0 µA Ta≤50°C
– – 20.0 µA 50°C < Ta
AICC – 1.5 3.0 mA AVCC = 5 V
– 0.5 1.0 mA AVCC = 3 V
While waiting – 0.01 5.0 µA
RAM standby voltage VRAM 2.0 – – V
Note: *2 Current dissipation values assume that VIH min = VCC – 0.5 V and VIL max = 0.5 V,
all output pins are in the no-load state, and all MOS input pull-ups are off.
Input
capacitance
Analog
supply
current
During A/D
conversion
Vin = 0 V
f = 1 MHz
Ta= 25°C
Test
Conditions
335
Table 20-4 DC Characteristics (2.7-V S-Mask Versions) –Preliminary–
Conditions: VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0 V, Ta= –20 to +75˚C (Regular Specifications),
AVCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V*1
Item Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
Input High RES, STBY, VIH VCC ×0.85 – VCC + 0.3 V
voltage MD2to MD0
EXTAL VCC ×0.7 – VCC + 0.3 V
Port 8 2.2 – AVCC + 0.3V
Other input pins 2.2 – VCC + 0.3 V
(except port 7)
Input Low RES, STBY, VIL –0.3 – 0.4 V
voltage MD2to MD0,
EXTAL –0.3 – 0.8 V VCC ≥4.0 V
–0.3 – VCC ×0.2 V VCC < 4.0 V
Port 7 VT–VCC ×0.2 – VCC ×0.5 V
VT+VCC ×0.4 – VCC ×0.7 V
VT+– VT–VCC ×0.07 – – V
RES |Iin| – – 10.0 µA
STBY, NMI, – – 1.0 µA
MD2, MD1, MD0
Port 8 – – 1.0 µA Vin = 0.5 to
AVCC – 0.5 V
Leakage Port 9, ports 7 to 1 |ITSI| – – 1.0 µA Vin = 0.5 to
current in VCC – 0.5 V
3-state
(off-state)
Input pull-up Ports 6 and 5 –IP15 – 300 µA Vin = 0 V
MOS current All output pins VOH VCC – 0.4 – – V IOH = –200 µA
VCC – 1.0 – – V IOH = –1 mA
Note: *1 AVCC must be connected to a power supply line, even when the A/D converter is not
used, and even in standby mode.
Schmitt
trigger input
voltages
Input
leakage
current
Output High
voltage
Other input pins
(except port 7)
Vin = 0.5 to
VCC – 0.5 V
Test
Conditions
336
Table 20-4 DC Characteristics (2.7-V S-Mask Versions) (cont) –Preliminary–
Item Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
Output Low All output pins VOL – – 0.4 V IOL = 1.6 mA
voltage (except RES)
Port 4 – – 1.0 V IOL = 5 mA
RES – – 0.4 V IOL = 1.6 mA
Input RES H8/534 Cin – – 60 pF Vin = 0 V
H8/536 100 f = 1 MHz
NMI – – 50 pF Ta= 25°C
All input pins except – – 15 pF
RES and NMI
Current Normal operation ICC – 23 35 mA f = 8 MHz,
dissipation*2VCC = 5 V
– 14 22 mA f = 8 MHz,
VCC = 3 V
Sleep mode – 12 22 mA f = 8 MHz,
VCC = 5 V
– 8 14 mA f = 8 MHz,
VCC = 3 V
Standby – 0.01 5.0 µA Ta≤50°C
– – 20.0 µA 50°C < Ta
AICC – 1.5 3.0 mA AVCC = 5 V
– 0.5 1.0 mA AVCC = 3 V
While waiting – 0.01 5.0 µA
RAM standby voltage VRAM 2.0 – – V
Note: *2 Current dissipation values assume that VIH min = VCC – 0.5 V and VIL max = 0.5 V,
all output pins are in the no-load state, and all MOS input pull-ups are off.
Input
capacitance
Analog
supply
current
Test
Conditions
During A/D
conversion
337
Table 20-5 Allowable Output Current Values – Preliminary for S-Mask Versions–
(5-V Versions)
Conditions: VCC = 5.0 V ±10%, AVCC = 5.0 V ±10%, VSS = AVSS = 0 V,
Ta= –20 to +75˚C (Regular Specifications)
Ta= –40 to +85˚C (Wide-Range Specifications)
Item Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
Port 4 IOL – – 10 mA
RES – – 3.0 mA
Other output pins – – 2.0 mA
Port 4, total of 8 pins ΣIOL – – 40 mA
Total of all output pins – – 80 mA
Allowable output All output pins –IOH – – 2.0 mA
High current (per pin)
Allowable output Total of all output Σ–IOH – – 25 mA
High current (total) pins
Table 20-6 Allowable Output Current Values (3-V S-Mask Versions) –Preliminary–
Conditions: VCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0 V, Ta= –20 to +75˚C (Regular Specifications),
AVCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V*1
Item Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
Port 4 IOL – – 10 mA
RES – – 3.0 mA
Other output pins – – 2.0 mA
Port 4, total of 8 pins Σ IOL – – 40 mA
Total of all output pins – – 80 mA
Allowable output All output pins –IOH – – 2.0 mA
High current (per pin)
Allowable output Total of all output pins Σ–IOH – – 25 mA
High current (total)
Note: *1 To avoid degrading the reliability of the chip, be careful not to exceed the output current
sink values in table 20-5. In particular, when driving a Darlington transistor pair or LED
directly, be sure to insert a current-limiting resistor in the output path. See figures 20-1
and 20-2.
Allowable output
Low current (per pin)
Allowable output
Low current (total)
Allowable output
Low current (per pin)
Allowable output
Low current (total)
338
Table 20-7 Allowable Output Current Values (2.7-V S-Mask Versions) –Preliminary–
Conditions: VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0 V, Ta= –20 to +75˚C (Regular Specifications),
AVCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V*1
Item Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
Port 4 IOL – – 10 mA
RES – – 3.0 mA
Other output pins – – 2.0 mA
Port 4, total of 8 pins ΣIOL – – 40 mA
Total of all output pins – – 80 mA
Allowable output All output pins –IOH – – 2.0 mA
High current (per pin)
Allowable output Total of all output pins Σ–IOH – – 25 mA
High current (total)
Note: *1 To avoid degrading the reliability of the chip, be careful not to exceed the output current
sink values in table 20-5. In particular, when driving a Darlington transistor pair or LED
directly, be sure to insert a current-limiting resistor in the output path. See figures 20-1
and 20-2.
The S-mask versions (high-speed and low-voltage versions) are identical to the existing R-mask
versions functionally and in their pin arrangement. Due to the higher-speed design, however, there
are differences in the fabrication process, which lead to some differences in electrical
specifications, operating margin, noise margin, and other characteristics. These differences should
be noted during board design, and when switching from an R-mask to an S-mask version.
–Preliminary–
Allowable output
Low current (per pin)
Allowable output
Low current (total)
H8/534
H8/536
Port
2 k
Darlington pair
Ω
H8/534
H8/536
Port 4
600
LED
Ω
VCC
Figure 20-1 Example of Circuit for Driving a
Darlington Transistor Pair Figure 20-2 Example of Circuit for Driving
an LED
339
20.2.2 AC Characteristics
The AC characteristics of the H8/534 and H8/536 are listed in three tables. Bus timing parameters
are given in table 20-8, control signal timing parameters in table 20-9, and timing parameters of
the on-chip supporting modules in table 20-10.
Table 20-8 (1) Bus Timing (R-Mask Versions)
Condition A (R-mask): VCC = 5.0 V ±10%, ø = 0.5 to 10 MHz, VSS = 0 V
Ta= –20 to +75˚C (Regular Specifications)
Ta= –40 to +85˚C (Wide-Range Specifications)
Condition A
6 MHz 8 MHz 10 MHz
Item Symbol Min Max Min Max Min Max Unit
Clock cycle time tcyc 166.7 2000 125 2000 100 2000 ns See figure 20-4
Clock pulse width Low tCL 65 – 45 – 35 – ns
Clock pulse width High tCH 65 – 45 – 35 – ns
Clock rise time tCr – 15 – 15 – 15 ns
Clock fall time tCf – 15 – 15 – 15 ns
Address delay time tAD – 70 – 60 – 55 ns
Address hold time tAH 30 – 25 – 20 – ns
Data strobe delay time 1 tDSD1 – 70 – 60 – 40 ns
Data strobe delay time 2 tDSD2 – 70 – 60 – 50 ns
Data strobe delay time 3 tDSD3 – 70 – 60 – 50 ns
Write data strobe pulse width tDSWW 200 –150 –120 –ns
Address setup time 1 tAS1 25 – 20 – 15 – ns
Address setup time 2 tAS2 105 – 80 – 65 – ns
Read data setup time tRDS 60 – 50 – 40 – ns
Read data hold time tRDH 0 – 0 – 0 – ns
Read data access time tACC –280 –190 –160 ns
Write data delay time tWDD – 70 – 65 – 65 ns
Write data setup time tWDS 30 – 15 – 10 – ns
Write data hold time tWDH 30 – 25 – 20 – ns
Test
Conditions
340
Table 20-8 (1) Bus Timing (R-Mask Versions) (cont)
Condition A
8 MHz 10 MHz 16 MHz
Item Symbol Min Max Min Max Min Max Unit
Wait setup time tWTS 40 – 40 – 40 – ns See figure 20-5
Wait hold time tWTH 10 – 10 – 10 – ns
Bus request setup time tBRQS 40 – 40 – 40 – ns See figure 20-10
Bus acknowledge delay time 1 tBACD1 – 70 – 60 – 55 ns
Bus acknowledge delay time 2 tBACD2 – 70 – 60 – 55 ns
Bus floating delay time tBZD – tBACD1 – tBACD1 – tBACD1ns
E clock delay time tED – 20 – 15 – 15 ns See figure 20-1 1
E clock rise time tEr – 15 – 15 – 15 ns
E clock fall time tEf – 15 – 15 – 15 ns
Read data hold time tRDHE 0 – 0 – 0 – ns See figure 20-6
(E clock sync)
Write data hold time tWDHE 50 – 40 – 30 – ns
(E clock sync)
Test
Conditions
341
Table 20-8 (2) Bus Timing (S-Mask Versions) –Preliminary–
Condition B (5-V S-mask): VCC = 5.0 V ±10%, ø = 2.0 to 16 MHz, VSS = 0 V,
Ta= –20 to +75˚C (Regular Specifications),
Ta= –40 to +85˚C (Wide-Range Specifications)
Condition C (3-V S-mask): VCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V, ø = 2.0 to 10 MHz, VSS = 0 V,
Ta= –20 to +75˚C (Regular Specifications)
Condition D (2.7-V S-mask): VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, ø = 2.0 to 8 MHz, VSS = 0 V,
Ta= –20 to +75˚C (Regular Specifications)
Condition D Condition C Condition B
8 MHz 10 MHz 16 MHz
Item
Symbol
Min Max Min Max Min Max Unit
Clock cycle time tcyc 125 500 100 500 62.5 500 ns
Clock pulse width Low tCL 35 – 30 – 20 – ns
Clock pulse width High tCH 35 – 30 – 20 – ns
Clock rise time tCr – 20 – 20 – 10 ns
Clock fall time tCf – 20 – 20 – 10 ns
Address delay time tAD – 60 – 55 – 30 ns
Address hold time tAH 20 – 10 – 5 – ns
Data strobe delay time 1 tDSD1 – 60 – 40 – 30 ns
Data strobe delay time 2 tDSD2 – 60 – 50 – 30 ns
Data strobe delay time 3 tDSD3 – 60 – 50 – 30 ns
Write data strobe tDSWW 150 – 120 – 70 – ns
pulse width
Address setup time 1 tAS1 20 – 15 – 10 – ns
Address setup time 2 tAS2 80 – 65 – 30 – ns
Read data setup time tRDS 50 – 40 – 20 – ns
Read data hold time tRDH 0 – 0 – 0 – ns
Read data access time tACC – 190 – 160 – 100 ns
Write data delay time tWDD – 75 – 70 – 50 ns
Write data setup time tWDS 15 – 10 – 10 – ns
Write data hold time tWDH 25 – 20 – 10 – ns
Wait setup time tWTS 40 – 40 – 30 – ns
Wait hold time tWTH 10 – 10 – 10 – ns
Bus request setup time tBRQS 40 – 40 – 30 – ns
Bus acknowledge tBACD1 – 60 – 55 – 30 ns
delay time 1
Test
Conditions
See figure
20-4
See figure
20-5
See figure
20-10
342
Table 20-8 (2) Bus Timing (S-Mask Versions) (cont) –Preliminary–
Conditions D Conditions C Conditions B
8 MHz 10 MHz 16 MHz
Item
Symbol
Min Max Min Max Min Max Unit
Bus acknowledge tBACD2 – 60 – 55 – 30 ns See figure
delay time 2 20-10
Bus floating delay time tBZD – tBACD1 – tBACD1 – tBACD1 ns
E clock delay time tED – 20 – 20 – 10 ns
E clock rise time tEr – 20 – 20 – 10 ns
E clock fall time tEf – 20 – 20 – 10 ns
Read data hold time tRDHE 0 – 0 – 0 – ns See figure
(E clock sync) 20-6
Write data hold time tWDHE 40 – 30 – 10 – ns
(E clock sync)
See figure
20-11
Test
Condition
343
Table 20-9 (1) Control Signal Timing (R-Mask Versions)
Condition A (R-mask): VCC = 5.0 V ±10%, ø = 0.5 to 10 MHz, VSS = 0 V,
Ta= –20 to +75˚C (Regular Specifications),
Ta= –40 to +85˚C (Wide-Range Specifications)
Condition A
6 MHz 8 MHz 10 MHz
Item
Symbol
Min Max Min Max Min Max Unit
RES setup time tRESS 200 – 200 – 200 – ns
RES pulse width 1*tRESW1 6.0 – 6.0 – 6.0 – tcyc
RES pulse width 2*tRESW2 520 – 520 – 520 – tcyc
RES output delay time tRESD – 100 – 100 – 100 ns
RES output pulse width tRESOW 132 – 132 – 132 – tcyc
NMI setup time tNMIS 150 – 150 – 150 – ns
NMI hold time tNMIH 10 – 10 – 10 – ns
IRQ0setup time tIRQ0S 50 – 50 – 50 – ns
IRQ1setup time tIRQ1S 50 – 50 – 50 – ns
IRQ1hold time tIRQ1H 10 – 10 – 10 – ns
A/D trigger setup time tTRGS 50 – 50 – 50 – ns
A/D trigger hold time tTRGH 10 – 10 – 10 – ns
NMI pulse width (for tNMIW 200 – 200 – 200 – ns
recovery from software
standby mode)
Crystal oscillator settling tOSC1 20 – 20 – 20 – ms See figure
time (reset) 20-12
Crystal oscillator settling tOSC2 10 – 10 – 10 – ms See figure
time (software standby) 18-1
Note:*tRESW2 applies at power-on and when the RSTOE bit in the reset control/status register
(RSTCSR) is set to 1. tRESW1 applies when RSTOE is cleared to 0.
See figure
20-7
See figure
20-8
See figure
20-9
See figure
20-22
Test
Condition
344
Table 20-9 (2) Control Signal Timing (S-Mask Versions) –Preliminary–
Condition B (5-V S-mask): VCC = 5.0 V ±10%, ø = 2.0 to 16 MHz, VSS = 0 V,
Ta= –20 to +75˚C (Regular Specifications),
Ta= –40 to +85˚C (Wide-Range Specifications)
Condition C (3-V S-mask): VCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V, ø = 2.0 to 10 MHz, VSS = 0 V,
Ta= –20 to +75˚C (Regular Specifications)
Condition D (2.7-V S-mask): VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, ø = 2.0 to 8 MHz, VSS = 0 V,
Ta= –20 to +75˚C (Regular Specifications)
Condition D Condition C Condition B
8 MHz 10 MHz 16 MHz
Item Symbol Min Max Min Max Min Max Unit
RES setup time tRESS 200 – 200 – 200 – ns
RES pulse width 1*tRESW1 6.0 – 6.0 – 6.0 – tcyc
RES pulse width 2*tRESW2 520 – 520 – 520 – tcyc
RES output delay time tRESD – 100 – 100 – 100 ns
RES output pulse width tRESOW 132 – 132 – 132 – tcyc
NMI setup time tNMIS 200 – 200 – 150 – ns
NMI hold time tNMIH 10 – 10 – 10 – ns
IRQ0setup time tIRQ0S 50 – 50 – 50 – ns
IRQ1setup time tIRQ1S 50 – 50 – 50 – ns
IRQ1hold time tIRQ1H 10 – 10 – 10 – ns
A/D trigger setup time tTRGS 50 – 50 – 50 – ns
A/D trigger hold time tTRGH 10 – 10 – 10 – ns
NMI pulse width tNMIW 200 – 200 – 200 – ns
(for recovery from
software standby
mode)
Crystal oscillator tOSC1 20 – 20 – 20 – ms See figure
settling time (reset) 20-12
Crystal oscillator tOSC2 10 – 10 – 10 – ms See figure
settling time 18-1
(software standby)
Note: *tRESW2 applies at power-on and when the RST OE bit in the reset contol/status register
(RSTCSR) is set to 1. tRESW1 applies when RSTOE is cleared to 0.
See figure
20-7
See figure
20-8
See figure
20-9
See figure
20-22
Test
Conditions
345
Table 20-10 Timing Conditions of On-Chip – Preliminary for S-Mask Versions–
Supporting Modules
Condition A (R-mask): VCC = 5.0 V ±10%, ø = 0.5 to 10 MHz, VSS = 0 V,
Ta= –20 to +75˚C(Regular Specifications),
Ta= –40 to +85˚C (Wide-Range Specifications)
Condition B (5-V S-mask): VCC = 5.0 V ±10%, ø = 2.0 to 16 MHz, VSS = 0 V,
Ta= –20 to +75˚C (Regular Specifications),
Ta= –40 to +85˚C (Wide-Range Specifications)
Condition C (3-V S-mask): VCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V, ø = 2.0 to 10 MHz, VSS = 0 V,
Ta= –20 to +75˚C (Regular Specifications)
Condition D (2.7-V S-mask): VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, ø = 2.0 to 8 MHz, VSS = 0 V,
Ta= –20 to +75˚C (Regular Specifications)
Condition A
Condition D Condition C Condition B
6 MHz 8 MHz 10 MHz 16 MHz
Item
Symbol
Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Unit
FRT Timer output tFTOD – 100 – 100 – 100 – 100 ns See figure
delay time 20-14
Timer input tFTIS 50 – 50 – 50 – 50 – ns
setup time
Timer clock tFTCS 50 – 50 – 50 – 50 – ns See figure
input setup time
20-15
Timer clock tFTCWL, 1.5 – 1.5 – 1.5 – 1.5 – tcyc
pulse width tFTCWH
TMR Timer output tTMOD – 100 – 100 – 100 – 100 ns See figure
delay time 20-16
Timer clock tTMCS 50 – 50 – 50 – 50 – ns See figure
input setup time 20-17
Timer clock tTMCWL, 1.5 – 1.5 – 1.5 – 1.5 – tcyc
pulse width tTMCWH
Timer reset tTMRS 50 – 50 – 50 – 50 – ns See figure
input setup time 20-18
PWM Timer output tPWOD – 100 – 100 – 100 – 100 ns See figure
delay time 20-19
Test
Conditions
346
Table 20-10 Timing Conditions of On-Chip – Preliminary for S-Mask Versions–
Supporting Modules (cont)
Condition A
Condition D Condition C Condition B
6 MHz 8 MHz 10 MHz 16 MHz
Item
Symbol
Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Unit
SCI Input (Async) tScyc 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 – tcyc
(Sync) 4 – 4 – 4 – 4 – tcyc
Input tSCKW 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.6 tScyc
pulse width
Transmit (Sync) tTXD – 100 – 100 – 100 – 100 ns See figure
data delay 20-21
Receive (Sync) tRXS 100 – 100 – 100 – 100 – ns
data setup
time
Receive (Sync) tRXH 100 – 100 – 100 – 100 – ns
data hold
time
Port Output data tPWD – 100 – 100 – 100 – 100 ns See figure
delay time 20-13
Input data setup time tPRS 50 –50 –50 –50 –ns
Input data hold time tPRH 50 –50 –50 –50 –ns
• Measurement Conditions for AC Characteristics
H8/534
(H8/536)
output pin
5 V
CRH
C
R
R
Input/output timing reference levels
Low:
High:
= 90 pF: P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6
= 30 pF: P7, P9
= 2.4 k
= 12 k
0.8 V
2.0 V
L
H
RL
Ω
Ω
Figure 20-3 Output Load Circuit
Input
clock cycle
Test
Conditions
See figure
20-20
347
tAH, tDSWW, tAS1, tAS2, and tACC depend on tcyc as shown below. –Preliminary–
(1) VCC = 5.0 V ±10% (S-mask)
tAH = 0.5 ×tcyc – 26 (ns) tAS2 = tcyc – 32 (ns)
tDSWW = 1.5 ×tcyc – 24 (ns) tACC = 2.5 ×tcyc – 56 (ns)
tAS1 = 0.5 ×tcyc – 21 (ns)
(2) VCC = 3.0 V (S-mask)
tAH = 0.5 ×tcyc – 40 (ns) tAS2 = tcyc – 35 (ns)
tDSWW = 1.5 ×tcyc – 30 (ns) tACC = 2.5 ×tcyc – 90 (ns)
tAS1 = 0.5 ×tcyc – 35 (ns)
(3) VCC = 2.7 V (S-mask)
tAH = 0.5 ×tcyc – 42 (ns) tAS2 = tcyc – 45 (ns)
tDSWW = 1.5 ×tcyc – 37 (ns) tACC = 2.5 ×tcyc – 122 (ns)
tAS1 = 0.5 ×tcyc – 42 (ns)
348
20.2.3 A/D Converter Characteristics
Tables 20-11 and 20-12 list the characteristics of the on-chip A/D converter.
Tables 20-11 A/D Converter Characteristics – Preliminary for S-Mask Versions–
(5-V Versions)
Conditions: VCC = 5.0V ±10%, AVCC = 5.0V ±10%, VSS = AVSS = 0V,
Ta= –20 to +75˚C (Regular Specifications)
Ta= –40 to +85˚C (Wide-Range Specifications)
R-Mask S-Mask
6 MHz 8 MHz 10 MHz 16 MHz
Item Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Unit
Resolution 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Bits
Conversion time — — 23.0 — — 17.25— — 13.8 — — 8.625 µs
Analog input — — 20 — — 20 — — 20 — — 20 pF
capacitance
Allowable signal- — — 10 — — 10 — — 10 — — 5 kΩ
source impedance
Nonlinearity error — — ±2.0 — — ±2.0 — — ±2.0 — — ±2.0 LSB
Offset error — — ±2.0 — — ±2.0 — — ±2.0 — — ±2.0 LSB
Full-scale error — — ±2.0 — — ±2.0 — — ±2.0 — — ±2.0 LSB
Quantizing error — — ±0.5 — — ±0.5 — — ±0.5 — — ±0.5 LSB
Absolute accuracy — — ±2.5 — — ±2.5 — — ±2.5 — — ±2.5 LSB
349
Table 20-12 A/D Converter Characteristics –Preliminary–
Condition C (3-V S-mask): VCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0 V, Ta= –20 to +75˚C
(Regular Specifications), AVCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V
Condition D (2.7-V S-mask): VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0 V, Ta= –20 to +75˚C
(Regular Specifications), AVCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V
Condition D*1Condition C*2
8 MHz 10 MHz
Item Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Unit
Resolution 10 10 10 10 10 10 Bits
Conversion time – – 17.25 – – 13.8 µs
Analog input capacitance – – 20 – – 20 pF
Allowable signal-source impedance – – 5 – – 5 kΩ
Nonlinearity error – – ±3.5 – – ±3.5 LSB
Offset error – – ±3.5 – – ±3.5 LSB
Full-scale error – – ±3.5 – – ±3.5 LSB
Quantizing error – – ±0.5 – – ±0.5 LSB
Absolute accuracy – – ±4.0 – – ±4.0 LSB
Notes: Maximum operating frequency of A/D converter:
*1 AVCC = 2.7 to 3.0 V: 8 MHz (conversion time: 17.25 µs)
*2 AVCC = 3.0 to 4.5 V: 10 MHz (conversion time: 13.8 µs)
20.3 MCU Operational Timing
This section provides the following timing charts:
20.3.1 Bus timing Figures 20-4 to 20-6
20.3.2 Control Signal Timing Figures 20-7 to 20-10
20.3.3 Clock Timing Figures 20-11 and 20-12
20.3.4 I/O Port Timing Figure 20-13
20.3.5 16-Bit Free-Running Timer Timing Figures 20-14 and 20-15
20.3.6 8-Bit Timer Timing Figures 20-16 to 20-18
20.3.7 Pulse Width Modulation Timer Timing Figure 20-19
20.3.8 Serial Communication InterfaceTiming Figure 20-20 and 20-21
350
20.3.1 Bus Timing
1. Basic Bus Cycle (without Wait States) in Expanded Modes
AS,
ø
A to A
19 0
R/W
DS (Read),
RD
DS (Write),
D to D
(Read)
7 0
D to D
(Write)
7 0
WR
tCH tcyc
T1T2T3
tCL
tAD tCf tCr
tDSD1
tAS1
tACC
tDSD2
tAS2
tWDS
tWDD
tDSD3
tDSWW
tRDS tRDH
tWDH
tAH
tAH
tDSD3
Figure 20-4 Basic Bus Cycle (without Wait States) in Expanded Modes
351
2. Basic Bus Cycle (with 1 Wait State) in Expanded Modes
T1T2TWT3
ø
A to A
19 0
R/W
DS (Read),
RD
DS (Write),
D to D
(Read)
7 0
D to D
(Write)
7 0
RD
WAIT
tWTS tWTH tWTS tWTH
Figure 20-5 Basic Bus Cycle (with 1 Wait State) in Expanded Modes
352
3. Bus Cycle Synchronized with E Clock
ø
A to A
19 0
R/W
DS (Read),
RD
D to D (Read)7 0
D to D (Write)7 0
DS (Write),
WR
AS,
E
tRDS
tWDHE
tAH
tRDHE
tED
tDSD3
tAHtDSD3
Figure 20-6 Bus Cycle Synchronized with E Clock
353
20.3.2 Control Signal Timing
1. Reset Input Timing
2. Reset Output Timing
3. NMI Pulse Width
RES
ø
tRESW1
tRESStRESS
tRESW2,
RES
ø
tRESOW
tRESDtRESD
IRQ0
5
NMI
ø
tIRQ1S
tIRQ0S
tIRQ1H
tNMIHtNMIS
IRQ to IRQ1
Figure 20-7 Reset Input Timing
Figure 20-8 Reset Output Timing
Figure 20-9 Interrupt Input Timing
354
4. Bus Release State Timing
20.3.3 Clock Timing
1. E Clock Timing
BREQ
(Input)
Fig. 20-10
ø
BACK
(Output)
A to A ,
R/W, DS,
RD, WR,
AS
19 0
tBRQS
tBACD1
tBZD
tBRQS
tBACD2
tAD
Fig. 20-11
ø
E
tEf
tED tED
tEr
Figure 20-10 Bus Release State Timing
Figure 20-11 E Clock Timing
355
2. Clock Oscillator Stabilization Timing
Fig. 20-12
STBY
RES
VCC
ø
tOSC1 tOSC1
Figure 20-12 Clock Oscillator Stabilization Timing
356
20.3.4 I/O Port Timing
Fig. 20-13
tPRS tPRH
tPWD
T1T2T3
Port 1
to (Input)
port 9
Port 1
to (Output)
port 9
Except P1 , P1 , and P8 to P8
1 0 7 0
Port read/write cycle
ø
*
*
Figure 20-13 I/O Port Input/Output Timing
357
20.3.5 16-Bit Free-Running Timer Timing
1. Free-Running Timer Input/Output Timing
2. External Clock Input Timing for Free-Running Timers
Fig. 20-14
tFTOD
ø
Free-running
timer counter
FTOA , FTOB ,
1 1
FTOA , FTOB ,2 2
FTOA , FTOB3 3
FTI , FTI , FTI1 32
Compare-match
tFTIS
tFTCS
tFTCWL tFTCWH
FTCI ,1
ø
FTCI ,
2
FTCI3
Figure 20-14 Free-Running Timer Input/Output Timing
Figure 20-15 External Clock Input Timing for Free-Running Timers
358
20.3.6 8-Bit Timer Timing
1. 8-Bit Timer Output Timing
2. 8-Bit Timer Clock Input Timing
3. 8-Bit Timer Reset Input Timing
Fig. 20-16
tTMOD
ø
Timer
counter
TMO
Compare-match
Fig. 20-17
ø
TMCI
tTMCS tTMCS
tTMCWL tTMCWH
Fig. 20-18
tTMRS
n
ø
TMRI
Timer
counter H'00
Figure 20-16 8-Bit Timer Output Timing
Figure 20-17 8-Bit Timer Clock Input Timing
Figure 20-18 8-Bit Timer Reset Input Timing
359
20.3.7 Pulse Width Modulation Timer Timing
20.3.8 Serial Communication Interface Timing
PW , PW ,1
tPWOD
Compare-match
ø
Timer
counter
2
PW3
tSCKW
tScyc
tScyc
trXD
tRXS tRXH
Serial clock
Transmit
data
Receive
data
Figure 20-19 PWM Timer Output Timing
Figure 20-20 SCI Input Clock Timing
Figure 20-21 SCI Input/Output Timing (Synchronous Mode)
360
20.3.9 A/D Trigger Signal Input Timing
Figure 20-22 A/D Trigger Signal Input Timing
ADTRG
ø
tTRGHtTRGS
361
Appendix A Instructions
A.1 Instruction Set
Operation Notation
Rd General register (destination operand) FP Frame pointer
Rs General register (source operand) #IMM Immediate data
Rn General register disp Displacement
(EAd) Destination operand + Add
(EAs) Source operand – Subtract
CCR Condition code register
×Multiply
N N (Negative) flag in CCR ÷Divide
Z Z (Zero) flag in CCR ∧Logical AND
V V (Overflow) flag in CCR ∨Logical OR
C C (Carry) flag in CCR ⊕Logical exclusive OR
CR Control register →Move
PC Program counter ↔Swap
CP Code page register ¬ Logical NOT
SP Stack pointer
Condition Code Notation
↕Changed after instruction execution
0 Cleared to 0
1 Set to 1
— Value before operation is retained
∆Changed depending on condition
363
Size CCR Bit
Mnemonic Operation B/W N Z V C
Data MOV: G (EAs) → Rd B/W ↕ ↕ 0 —
transfer Rs → (EAd)
#IMM → (EAd)
MOV: E #IMM → Rd (short format) B ↕ ↕ 0 —
MOV: F @ (d: 8, FP) → Rd B/W ↕ ↕ 0 —
Rs → @ (d: 8, FP)(short format)
MOV: I #IMM → Rd (short format) W ↕ ↕ 0 —
MOV: L (@aa: 8) → Rd (short format) B/W ↕ ↕ 0 —
MOV: S Rs → (@aa: 8) (short format) B/W ↕ ↕ 0 —
LDM @ SP + → Rn (register list) W — — — —
STM Rn (register list) → @ – SP W — — — —
XCH Rs ←→ Rd W — — — —
SWAP Rd (upper byte) ←→ Rd (lower byte) B ↕ ↕ 0 —
MOVTPE Rs → (EAd) Synchronized with E clock B — — — —
MOVFPE (EAs) → Rd Synchronized with E clock B — — — —
Arith- ADD: G Rd + (EAs) → Rd B/W ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕
metic ADD: Q (EAd) + #IMM → (EAd) B/W ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕
opera- (#IMM = ±1, ±2) (short format)
tions ADDS Rd + (EAs) → Rd B/W — — — —
(Rd is always word size)
ADDX Rd + (EAs) + C → Rd B/W ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕
DADD (Rd)10 + (Rs)10 + C → (Rd)10 B — ↕—↕
SUB Rd – (EAs) → Rd B/W ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕
SUBS Rd – (EAs) → Rd B/W — — — —
SUBX Rd – (EAs) – C → Rd B/W ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕
DSUB (Rd)10 – (Rs)10 – C → (Rd)10 B — ↕—↕
MULXU Rd ×(EAs) → Rd 8 ×8 B/W ↕ ↕ 0 0
(Unsigned) 16 ×16
DIVXU Rd ÷(EAs) → Rd 16 ÷8 B/W ↕ ↕ ↕ 0
(Unsigned) 32 ÷16
CMP: G Rd – (EAs), Set CCR B/W ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕
(EAd) – #IMM, Set CCR
CMP: E Rd – #IMM, Set CCR (short format) B ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕
CMP: I Rd – #IMM, Set CCR (short format) W ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕
364
Size CCR Bit
Mnemonic Operation B/W N Z V C
Arith- EXTS (< Bit 7 > of < Rd >) B ↕ ↕ 0 0
metic → (< Bit 15 to 8 > of < Rd >)
opera- EXTU 0 → (<Bit 15 to 8 > of < Rd >) B 0 ↕0 0
tions TST (EAd) – 0, Set CCR B/W ↕ ↕ 0 0
NEG 0 – (EAd) → (EAd) B/W ↕ ↕ 0↕
CLR 0 → (EAd) B/W 0 1 0 0
TAS (EAd) – 0, Set CCR B ↕ ↕ 0 0
(1)2→ (< Bit 7 > of < EAd >)
Shift SHAL B/W ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕
opera-
tions SHAR B/W ↕ ↕ 0↕
SHLL B/W ↕ ↕ 0↕
SHLR B/W 0 ↕0↕
ROTL B/W ↕ ↕ 0↕
ROTR B/W ↕ ↕ 0↕
ROTXL B/W ↕ ↕ 0↕
ROTXR B/W ↕ ↕ 0↕
Logic AND Rd ∧(EAs) → Rd B/W ↕ ↕ 0 —
opera- OR Rd ∨(EAs) → Rd B/W ↕ ↕ 0 —
tions XOR Rd ⊕(EAs) → Rd B/W ↕ ↕ 0 —
NOT ¬ (EAd) → (EAd) B/W ↕ ↕ 0 —
Bit BSET ¬ (< Bit number > of < EAd >) → Z B/W — ↕— —
manipu- 1 → (< Bit number > of < EAd >)
lations BCLR ¬ (< Bit number > of < EAd >) → Z B/W — ↕— —
0 → (< Bit number > of < EAd >)
BTST ¬ (< Bit number > of < EAd >) → Z B/W — ↕— —
BNOT ¬ (< Bit number > of < EAd >) → Z B/W — ↕— —
→ (< Bit number > of < EAd >)
MSB LSB
MSB LSB
MSB LSB
MSB LSB
MSB LSB
MSB LSB
MSB LSB
MSB LSB
C
C
C
C
0
C
C
0
0
C
C
365
Size CCR Bit
Mnemonic Operation B/W N Z V C
Branch- Bcc If condition is true then — — — — —
ing PC + disp → PC
instruc- else next;
tions
JMP Effective address → PC — — — — —
PJMP Effective address → CP, PC — — — — —
BSR PC → @ – SP — — — — —
PC + disp → PC
JSR PC → @ – SP — — — — —
Effective address → PC
PJSR PC → @ – SP — — — — —
CP → @ – SP
Effective address → CP, PC
RTS @ SP + → PC — — — — —
PRTS @ SP + → CP — — — — —
@ SP + → PC
RTD @ SP + → PC — — — — —
SP + #IMM → SP
PRTD @ SP + → CP — — — — —
@ SP + → PC
SP + #IMM → SP
SCB If condition is true then next; — — — — —
SCB/F else Rn – 1 → Rn;
SCB/NE If Rn = –1 then next;
SCB/EQ else PC + disp → PC;
Mnemonic Description Condition
BRA (BT) Always (True) True
BRN (BF) Never (False) False
BHI HIgh C ∨Z = 0
BLS Low or Same C ∨Z = 1
BCC (BHS) Carry Clear (High or Same) C = 0
BCS (BLO) Carry Set (LOw) C = 1
BNE Not Equal Z = 0
BEQ EQual Z = 1
BVC oVerflow Clear V = 0
BVS oVerflow Set V = 1
BPL PLus N = 0
BMI MInus N = 1
BGE Greater or Equal N ⊕V = 0
BLT Less Than N ⊕V = 1
BGT Greater Than Z ∨(N ⊕V) = 0
BLE Less or Equal Z ∨(N ⊕V) = 1
Mnemonic Description Condition
SCB/F False
SCB/NE Not Equal Z = 0
SCB/EQ Equal Z = 1
366
Size CCR Bit
Mnemonic Operation B/W N Z V C
System TRAPA PC → @ – SP — — — — —
control (If MAX MODE CP → @ – SP)
SR → @ – SP
(If MAX MODE < vector > → CP)
< vector > → PC
TRAP/VS If V bit = “1” then TRAP — — — — —
else next;
RTE @ SP + → SR — ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕
(If MAX MODE @ SP + → CP)
@ SP + → PC
LINK FP (R6) → @ – SP — — — — —
SP → FP (R6)
SP + #IMM → SP
UNLK FP (R6) → SP — — — — —
@SP + → FP
SLEEP
Normal running mode
→
power-down state
— — — — —
LDC (EAs) → CR B/W*
STC CR → (EAd) B/W*— — — —
ANDC CR ∧#IMM → CR B/W*
ORC CR ∨#IMM → CR B/W*
XORC CR ⊕#IMM → CR B/W*
NOP PC + 1 → PC — — — — —
*Depends on the CR.
367
A.2 Instruction Codes
Table A-1(a) to (d) shows the machine-language coding of each instruction.
• How to read table A-1 (a) to (d)
The general operand format consists of an effective address (EA) field and operation-code (OP)
field specified in the following order.
EA field Op field
123456
Bytes 2, 3, 5, 6 are not present in all instructions.
368
Instruction Operation code (OP)
Instruction
MOV:G.B <EA >, Rs d
MOV:G.W <EA >, Rs d
MOV:G.B R , <EA >s d
MOV:G.W R , <EA >s d 2342234 410010r r r
2342234
22342234
223422343
4
3
s s s
10010r r rs s s
10000r r rd d d
10000r r rd d d
4 5 6
Byte length of instruction Shading indicates addressing
modes not available for this
instruction.
Some instructions have a special format in which the operation code comes first.
The following notation is used in the tables.
• Sz:
Byte:
Word:
Operand size (byte or word)
Sz = 0
Sz = 1
Address-
ing mode
Rn
@Rn
@(d:8, Rn)
@(d:16, Rn)
@–Rn
@Rn+
@aa:8
@aa:16
#xx:8
#xx:16
1 0 1 0 Sz r r r
1 1 0 1 Sz r r r
1 1 1 0 Sz r r r
1 1 1 1 Sz r r r
1 0 1 1 Sz r r r
1 1 0 0 Sz r r r
0 0 0 0 Sz 1 0 1
0 0 0 1 Sz 1 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
1 2 3
Operation code (EA)
disp
disp (H)
address
address (H)
data
data (H)
disp (L)
address (L)
data (L)
369
• rrr : General register number field
rrr Sz = 0 (Byte) Sz = 1 (Word)
15 8 7 0 15 0
000 Not used R0 R0
001 Not used R1 R1
010 Not used R2 R2
011 Not used R3 R3
100 Not used R4 R4
101 Not used R5 R5
110 Not used R6 R6
111 Not used R7 R7
• ccc : Control register number field
ccc Sz = 0 (Byte) Sz = 1 (Word)
000 (Not allowed*)
001 (Not allowed)
010 (Not allowed) (Not allowed)
011 BR (Not allowed)
100 EP (Not allowed)
101 DP (Not allowed)
110 (Not allowed) (Not allowed)
111 TP (Not allowed)
*“Not allowed” means that this combination of bits must not be specified. Specifying a disallowed
combination may cause abnormal results.
370
15 0
SR
7 0
CCR
• register list: A byte in which bits indicate general registers as follows
• #VEC: Four bits designating a vector number from 0 to 15. The vector numbers correspond to
addresses of entries in the exception vector table as follows:
Vector Address Vector Address
#VEC Minimum Mode Maximum Mode #VEC Minimum Mode Maximum Mode
0 H'0020 – H'0021 H'0040 – H'0043 8 H'0030 – H'0031 H'0060 – H'0063
1 H'0022 – H'0023 H'0044 – H'0047 9 H'0032 – H'0033 H'0064 – H'0067
2 H'0024 – H'0025 H'0048 – H'004B 10 H'0034 – H'0035 H'0068 – H'006B
3 H'0026 – H'0027 H'004C – H'004F 11 H'0036 – H'0037 H'006C – H'006F
4 H'0028 – H'0029 H'0050 – H'0053 12 H'0038 – H'0039 H'0070 – H'0073
5 H'002A – H'002B H'0054 – H'0057 13 H'003A – H'003B H'0074 – H'0077
6 H'002C – H'002D H'0058 – H'005B 14 H'003C – H'003D H'0078 – H'007B
7 H'002E – H'002F H'005C – H'005F 15 H'003E – H'003F H'007C – H'007F
• Examples of machine-language coding
Example 1: ADD:G.B @R0, R1
EA Field OP Field Notes
Table A-1 (a) 1101Szrrr 00100rdrdrdMachine code for ADD:G.B @Rs, Rd
Machine code 11010000 00100 0 0 1 Sz = 0 (byte)
H'D021 Rs = R0, Rd = R1
Example 2: ADD:G.W @H'11:8, R1
EA Field OP Field Notes
Table A-1 (a) 0000Sz101 00010001 00100rdrdrdMachine code for ADD:G.W @aa:8, Rd
Machine code 0000 1 101 00010001 00100 0 0 1 Sz = 1 (word)
H'0D1121 aa = H'11, Rd = R1
Bit76543210
R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R0
371
Instruction Operation code (OP)
Data transfer instruction
MOV:G.B <EA >, Rs d
MOV:G.W <EA >, Rs d
MOV:G.B R , <EA >s d
MOV:G.W R , <EA >s d 2342234 410010
2342234
22342234
223422343410010
10000
10000 d
4 5 6
Note: Short format instruction
Address-
ing mode
Rn
@Rn
@(d:8, Rn)
@(d:16, Rn)
@–Rn
@Rn+
@aa:8
@aa:16
#xx:8
#xx:16
1 0 1 0 Sz r r r
1 1 0 1 Sz r r r
1 1 1 0 Sz r r r
1 1 1 1 Sz r r r
1 0 1 1 Sz r r r
1 1 0 0 Sz r r r
0 0 0 0 Sz 1 0 1
0 0 0 1 Sz 1 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
1 2 3
Operation code (EA)
disp
disp (H)
address
address (H)
data
data (H)
disp (L)
address (L)
data (L)
MOV:G.B #xx:8, <EA >d3453345 00000110
rdrdr
drdrdr
srsrsr
srsrsrdata
MOV:G.W #xx:8, <EA >d3453345 00000110 data
MOV:G.W #xx:16, <EA >d4564456 00000111 data (H) data (L)
LDM.W @SP+, <register list> 200000010 register list
STM.W ,@–SP<register list> 200000010 register list
XCH.W R ,Rs d 210010 drdrdr
SWAP.B Rd200010000
MOVTPE.B R , <EA >
s d 3453345 00000000 10010 srsrsr
MOVTPE.B <EA >, R
s d 3453345 00000000 10010 drdrdr
Arithmetic operation instruction
ADD:G.B <EA >, Rs d 223422343 00100 drdrdr
ADD:G.W <EA >, Rd22342234 400100 drdrdrs
ADD:Q.B #1, <EA >d22342234 00001000*
ADD:Q.W #1, <EA >
d22342234 00001000*
ADD:Q.B #2, <EA >
d22342234 00001001*
ADD:Q.W #2, <EA >
d22342234 00001001*
ADD:Q.B #-1, <EA >
d22342234 00001100*
ADD:Q.W #-1, <EA >
d22342234 00001100*
ADD:Q.B #-2, <EA >
d22342234 00001101
*
ADD:Q.W #-2, <EA >
d22342234 00001101
*
ADDS.B <EA >, Rd223422343 00101 drdrdrs
ADDS.W <EA >, Rd22342234 400101 drdrdrs
ADDX.B <EA >, Rd223422343 10100 drdrdrs
ADDX.W <EA >, Rd22342234 410100 drdrdrs
*
Table A-1 (a) Machine Language Coding [General Format]
372
Instruction Operation code (OP)
DADD.B R ,R
s d
SUB.B <EA >, Rs d
SUB.W <EA >, Rs d
SUBS.B <EA >, Rs d 2342234 00111
2342234
22342234 4
300110
00110
00000000
4 5 6
Address-
ing mode
Rn
@Rn
@(d:8, Rn)
@(d:16, Rn)
@–Rn
@Rn+
@aa:8
@aa:16
#xx:8
#xx:16
1 0 1 0 Sz r r r
1 1 0 1 Sz r r r
1 1 1 0 Sz r r r
1 1 1 1 Sz r r r
1 0 1 1 Sz r r r
1 1 0 0 Sz r r r
0 0 0 0 Sz 1 0 1
0 0 0 1 Sz 1 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
1 2 3
Operation code (EA)
disp
disp (H)
address
address (H)
data
data (H)
disp (L)
address (L)
data (L)
SUBS.W <EA >,Rd2342234 00111
drdrdr
drdrdr
drdrdr
SUBX.B <EA >, Rd2342234 10110
data
SUBX.W <EA >, Rd2342234 10110
data (H) data (L)
DSUB.B R , R 00000000
MULXU.B <EA >, R
s210101
MULXU.X <EA >, R
s d 210101 drdrdr
DIVXU.B <EA >, Rd210111
DIVXU.W <EA >, R
s d 2342234 10111
CMP:G.B <EA >, Rs d 3453345 01110
10100 drdrdr
Arithmetic operation instruction
CMP:G.W <EA >, Rs d 22342234301110 drdrdr
CMP:G.B #xx, <EA >
d3453345 00000100
CMP:G.W #xx, <EA >
d4564456 00000101
EXTS.B Rd200010001
EXTU.B Rd200010010
TST.B <EA >
d22342234 00010110
TST.W <EA >
d22342234 00010110
NEG.B <EA >
d22342234 00010100
NEG.W <EA >
d22342234 00010100
CLR.B <EA >
d22342234 00010011
CLR.W <EA >
d22342234 00010011
TAS.B <EA >
d22342234 00010111
s
s
s
d
s
d
s
4
34
34
2
223 22344
23 22344
2 3 2 3 44
2
3
24
2 3
24
2
3
2
10110 drdrdr
drdrdr
drdrdr
drdrdr
drdrdr
drdrdr
drdrdr
drdrdr
Table A-1 (a) Machine Language Coding [General Format] (cont)
373
Instruction Operation code (OP)
SHAL.B <EA >
d
SHAL.W <EA >d
SHAR.B <EA >d
SHAR.W <EA >d2342234 00011001
2342234
22342234 00011001
00011000
00011000
4 5 6
Address-
ing mode
Rn
@Rn
@(d:8, Rn)
@(d:16, Rn)
@–Rn
@Rn+
@aa:8
@aa:16
#xx:8
#xx:16
1 0 1 0 Sz r r r
1 1 0 1 Sz r r r
1 1 1 0 Sz r r r
1 1 1 1 Sz r r r
1 0 1 1 Sz r r r
1 1 0 0 Sz r r r
0 0 0 0 Sz 1 0 1
0 0 0 1 Sz 1 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
1 2 3
Operation code (EA)
disp
disp (H)
address
address (H)
data
data (H)
disp (L)
address (L)
data (L)
SHLL.B <EA >d2342234 00011010
SHLL.W <EA >d2342234 00011010
SHLR.B <EA >d2342234 00011011
SHLR.W <EA > 00011011
ROTL.B <EA > 200011100
ROTL.W <EA >
d200011100
drdrdr
ROTR.B <EA >
d200011101
ROTR.W <EA >
d2342234 00011101
ROTXL.B <EA >d2342234 00011110
Shift instruction
ROTXL.W <EA >d22342234
3
00011110
drdrdr
ROTXR.B <EA >
d2342234 00011111
ROTXR.W <EA >
d2342234 00011111
AND.B <EA >, Rd201010
AND.W <EA >, Rd201010
OR.B.B <EA >, Rd22342234 01000
OR.B.W <EA >, Rd22342234 01000
XOR.B <EA >, Rd22342234 01100
XOR.W <EA >, Rd22342234 01100
NOT.B <EA >
d22342234 00010101
NOT.W <EA >
d22342234 00010101
d
d
4
34
34
2
223 22344
23 22344
2 3 2 3 44
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
drdrdr
drdrdr
drdrdr
drdrdr
Logic operation instruction
s
s
s
s
s
s
2342234
2342234
2
2
2
2 3 2 3 44
22342234
Table A-1 (a) Machine Language Coding [General Format] (cont)
374
Instruction Operation code (OP)
BSET.B #xx, <EA >
d
BSET.W #xx, <EA >d
BSET.B R , <EA >d
BSET.W R , <EA >s2342234 01001
2342234
22342234 01001
1100
1100
4 5 6
Address-
ing mode
Rn
@Rn
@(d:8, Rn)
@(d:16, Rn)
@–Rn
@Rn+
@aa:8
@aa:16
#xx:8
#xx:16
1 0 1 0 Sz r r r
1 1 0 1 Sz r r r
1 1 1 0 Sz r r r
1 1 1 1 Sz r r r
1 0 1 1 Sz r r r
1 1 0 0 Sz r r r
0 0 0 0 Sz 1 0 1
0 0 0 1 Sz 1 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
1 2 3
Operation code (EA)
disp
disp (H)
address
address (H)
data
data (H)
disp (L)
address (L)
data (L)
BCLR.B #xx, <EA >d2342234 1101
BCLR.W #xx, <EA >d2342234 1101
BCLR.B R , <EA >
s2342234 01011
BCLR.W R , <EA > 01011
BTST.B #xx, <EA > 21111
BTST.W #xx, <EA >
d21111
BTST.B R , <EA >
s201111
BTST.W R , <EA >
s2342234 01111
BNOT.B #xx, <EA >
d2342234 1110
Bit manipulate instruction
BNOT.W #xx, <EA >d22342234 1110
BNOT.B R , <EA >
s2342234 01101
BNOT.W R , <EA >
s2342234 01101
LDC.B <EA >, CR 2 10001ccc
LDC.W <EA >, CR 2 10001ccc
STC.B CR, <EA >
d22342234 10011ccc
STC.W CR, <EA >
d22342234 10011ccc
ANDC.B #xx:8, CR 01011ccc
ANDC.W #xx:16, CR 01011ccc
ORC.B #xx:8, CR 01001ccc
ORC.W #xx:16, CR 01001ccc
d
34
34
2
223 22344
23 22344
2 3 2 3 44
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
System control instruction
s
s2342234
2342234
2
2
2
2 3 2 3 44
22342234
s
d
d
ds
d
d
d
d
XORC.B #xx:8, CR
XORC.W #xx:16, CR
34
34
(data)
(data)
srsrsr
srsrsr
(data)
(data)
srsrsr
srsrsr
(data)
(data)
srsrsr
srsrsr
(data)
(data)
srsrsr
srsrsr
01101ccc
01101ccc
Table A-1 (a) Machine Language Coding [General Format] (cont)
375
Table A-1 (b) Machine Language Coding [Special Format: Short Format]
Operation code
1234
MOV:E,B #xx:8,Rd 2 01010rdrdrddata
MOV:I.W #xx:16,Rd 3 01011rdrdrddata (H) data (L)
MOV:L.B @aa:8,Rd 2 01100rdrdrdaddress (L)
MOV:L.W @aa:8,Rd 2 01101rdrdrdaddress (L)
MOV:S.B Rs,@aa:8 2 01110rsrsrsaddress (L)
MOV:S.W Rs,@aa:8 2 01111rsrsrsaddress (L)
MOV:F.B @(d:8,R6),Rd 2 10000rdrdrddisp
MOV:F.W @(d:8,R6),Rd 2 10001rdrdrddisp
MOV:F.B Rs @(d:8,R6) 2 10010rsrsrsdisp
MOV:F.W Rs,@(d:8,R6) 2 10011rsrsrsdisp
CMP:E #xx:8,Rd 2 01000rdrdrddata
CMP:I #xx:16,Rd 3 01001rdrdrddata (H) data (L)
Instruction Bytes
376
Table A-1 (c) Machine Language Coding [Special Format: Branch Instruction]
Operation code
1234
Bcc d:8 BRA (BT) 2 00100000 disp
BRN (BF) 00100001 disp
BHI 00100010 disp
BLS 00100011 disp
BCC (BHS) 00100100 disp
BCS (BLO) 00100101 disp
BNE 00100110 disp
BEQ 00100111 disp
BVC 00101000 disp
BVS 00101001 disp
BPL 00101010 disp
BMI 00101011 disp
BGE 00101100 disp
BLT 00101101 disp
BGT 00101110 disp
BLE 00101111 disp
Bcc d:16 BRA (BT) 3 00110000 disp (H) disp (L)
BRN (BF) 00110001 disp (H) disp (L)
BHI 00110010 disp (H) disp (L)
BLS 00110011 disp (H) disp (L)
BCC (BHS) 00110100 disp (H) disp (L)
BCS (BLO) 00110101 disp (H) disp (L)
BNE 00110110 disp (H) disp (L)
BEQ 00110111 disp (H) disp (L)
BVC 00111000 disp (H) disp (L)
BVS 00111001 disp (H) disp (L)
BPL 00111010 disp (H) disp (L)
BMI 00111011 disp (H) disp (L)
BGE 00111100 disp (H) disp (L)
BLT 00111101 disp (H) disp (L)
BGT 00111110 disp (H) disp (L)
BLE 00111111 disp (H) disp (L)
JMP @Rn 2 00010001 11010rrr
JMP @aa:16 3 00010000 address (H) address (L)
Instruction Bytes
377
Table A-1 (c) Machine Language Coding [Special Format: Branch Instruction] (cont)
Operation code
1234
JMP @(d:8,Rn) 3 00010001 11100rrr disp
JMP @(d:16,Rn) 4 00010001 11110rrr disp (H) disp (L)
BSR d:8 2 00001110 disp
BSR d:16 3 00011110 disp (H) disp (L)
JSR @Rn 2 00010001 11011rrr
JSR @aa:16 3 00011000 address (H) address (L)
JSR @(d:8,Rn) 3 00010001 11101rrr disp
JSR @(d:16,Rn) 4 00010001 11111rrr disp (H) disp (L)
RTS 1 00011001
RTD #xx:8 2 00010100 data
RTD #xx:16 3 00011100 data (H) data (L)
SCB/cc Rn,disp SCB/F 3 00000001 10111rrr disp
SCB/NE 00000110 10111rrr disp
SCB/EQ 00000111 10111rrr disp
PJMP @aa:24 4 00010011 page address (H) address (L)
PJMP @Rn 2 00010001 11000rrr
PJSR @aa:24 4 00000011 page address (H) address (L)
PJSR @Rn 2 00010001 11001rrr
PRTS 2 00010001 00011001
PRTD #xx:8 3 00010001 00010100 data
PRTD #xx:16 4 00010001 00011100 data (H) data (L)
Table A-1 (d) Machine Language Coding [Special Format: System Control Instructions]
Operation code
1234
TRAPA #xx 2 00001000 0001 #VEC
TRAP/VS 1 00001001
RTE 1 00001010
LINK FP,#xx:8 2 00010111 data
LINK FP,#xx:16 3 00011111 data (H) data (L)
UNLK FP 1 00001111
SLEEP 1 00011010
NOP 1 00000000
Instruction Bytes
Instruction Bytes
378
A.3 Operation Code Map
Tables A-2 through A-6 are maps of the operation codes. Table A-2 shows the meaning of the first byte of the instruction code, indicating
both operation codes and addressing modes. Tables A-2 through A-6 indicate the meanings of operation codes in the second and third bytes.
Table A-2 Operation Codes in Byte 1
Notes:
H'11 is the first operation code byte of the following instructions:
JMP, JSR, PJSR (register indirect addressing mode)
JMP, JSR (register indirect addressing mode with displacement)
PRTS, PRTD (all addressing modes)
*
References to tables A-3 through A-6 indicate that the instruction code has one or more additional bytes, described in those tables.
2
BRA
BRN
BHI
BLS
Bcc
BCS
BNE
BEQ
BVC
BVS
BPL
BMI
BGE
BLT
BGT
BLE
d:8
3
BRA
BRN
BHI
BLS
Bcc
BCS
BNE
BEQ
BVC
BVS
BPL
BMI
BGE
BLT
BGT
BLE
d:16
CMP:E #xx:8, Rn
CMP:I #xx:16, Rn
4
R0
R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
R6
R7
R0
R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
R6
R7
5
MOV:E #xx:8, Rn
MOV:I #xx:16, Rn
6
MOV:L.B @aa:8, Rn
MOV:L.W @aa:8, Rn
7
MOV:S.B Rn, @aa:8
MOV:S.W Rn, @aa:8
8
MOV:F.B @ (d:8, R6), Rn
MOV:F.W @ (:8, R6), Rn
9
MOV:F.B Rn, @ (d:8, R6)
MOV:F.W Rn, @ (d:8,R6)
A
Rn
(Byte)
Rn
(Word)
B
@–Rn
(Byte)
@–Rn
(Word)
C
@Rn+
(Byte)
@Rn+
(Word)
D
@Rn
(Byte)
@Rn
(Word)
E
@(d:8,Rn)
(Byte)
@(d:8,Rn)
(Word)
F
@(d:16,Rn)
(Byte)
@(d:16,Rn)
(Word)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A
B
C
D
E
F
NOP
SCB/F
LDM
PJSR
#xx:8
#aa:8.B
SCB/NE
SCB/EQ
TRAPA
T
R
A
P
/
V
S
RTE
#xx:16
@aa:8.W
BSR
UNLK
0
See
@aa:24
See
See
See
See
See
See
d:8
Tbl.
Tbl.
Tbl.
Tbl.
Tbl.
Tbl.
Tbl.
A-6
A-5
A-4
A-6
A-6
A-5
A-4
JMP
See
STM
PJMP
RTD
@aa:16.B
LINK
JSR
RTS
SLEEP
RTD
@aa:16.W
BSR
LINK
1
Tbl.
@aa:24
#xx:8
See
#xx:8
#xx:16
See
d:16
#xx:16
A-6
Tbl.
Tbl.
*
A-4
A-4
LO
HI
See Table A-3
See Table A-4
See Table A-4
See Table A-4
See Table A-4
See Table A-4
See Table A-3
See Table A-4
See Table A-4
See Table A-4
See Table A-4
See Table A-4
Table A-3 Operation Codes in Byte 2 (Axxx)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A
B
C
D
E
F
LO
HI
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A
B
C
D
E
F
0
BSET (Immediate specification of bit number)
b0
b1
b2
b3
b4
b5
b6
b7
b8
b9
b10
b11
b12
b13
b14
b15
R0
R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
R6
R7
R0
R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
R6
R7
SWAP
EXTS
EXTU
CLR
NEG
NOT
TST
TAS
SHAL
SHAR
SHLR
ROTL
ROTR
ROTXL
ROTXR
See
Tbl.
A-6*
SHLL
ADD
ADD:Q
#1
ADD:Q
#-1
ADD:Q
#2
ADD:Q
#-2
ADDS
Note: *
The operation code is in byte 3, given in table A-6.
BSET (Register indirect specification of bit number)
STC
SUBS
BCLR (Register indirect specification of bit number)
BNOT (Register indirect specification of bit number)
BTST (Register indirect specification of bit number)
LDC
DIVXU
MULXU
XCH
SUB
OR
AND
XOR
CMP
MOV
ADDX
SUBX
BCLR (Immediate specification of bit number)
BNOT (Immediate specification of bit number)
BTST (Immediate specification of bit number)
Note: *Prefix code for DADD, DSUB, MOVTPE, and MOVFPE. The operation code is in byte 3, given in table A-6.
Table A-4 Operation Codes in Byte 2 (05xx, 15xx, 0Dxx, 1Dxx, Bxxx, Cxxx, Dxxx, Exxx, Fxxx)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A
B
C
D
E
F
LO
HI
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A
B
C
D
E
F
0
BSET (Register indirect specification of bit number)
CLR
NEG
NOT
TST
TAS
SHAL
SHAR
SHLR
ROTL
ROTR
ROTXL
ROTXR
See
Tbl.
A-6*
SHLL
ADD:Q
#1
ADD:Q
#-1
ADD:Q
#2
ADD:Q
#-2
STC
Note: * The operation code is in byte 3, given in table A-6.
#xx:16
#xx:16
#xx:8
#xx:8
(load)
(store)
CMP
CMP
MOV
MOV
MOV
ADD
SUB
OR
AND
XOR
CMP
MOV
ADDX
SUBX
ADDS
SUBS
BCLR (Register indirect specification of bit number)
BNOT (Register indirect specification of bit number)
BTST (Register indirect specification of bit number)
LDC
DIVXU
MULXU
BSET (Immediate specification of bit number)
BCLR (Immediate specification of bit number)
BNOT (Immediate specification of bit number)
BTST (Immediate specification of bit number)
Note: *Prefix code for DADD, DSUB, MOVTPE, and MOVFPE. The operation code is in byte 3, given in table A-6.
Table A-5 Operation Codes in Byte 2 (04xx, 0Cxx)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A
B
C
D
E
F
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A
B
C
D
E
F
LO
HI
0
ADD
ADDS
SUB
SUBS
OR
ORC
AND
ANDC
XOR
XORC
CMP
MOV
LDC
ADDX
MULXU
SUBX
DIVXU
Table A-6 Operation Codes in Bytes 2 and 3 (11xx, 01xx, 06xx, 07xx, xx00xx)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A
B
C
D
E
F
LO
HI
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A
B
C
D
E
F
0
#xx:8
#xx:16
PRTD
MOVFPE
R0
R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
R6
R7
MOVTPE
DADD
SCB
DSUB
R0
R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
R6
R7
PJMP @Rn
PJSR @Rn
JMP @Rn
JSR @Rn
JMP @(d:8,Rn)
JSR @(d:8,Rn)
JMP @(d:16,Rn)
JSR @(d:16,Rn)
PRTD
PRTS
A.4 Instruction Execution Cycles
Tables A-7 (1) through (6) list the number of cycles required by the CPU to execute each
instruction in each addressing mode.
The meaning of the symbols in the tables is explained below. The values of I, J, and K are used to
calculate the number of execution cycles when off-chip memory is accessed for an instruction
fetch or operand read/write. The formulas for these calculations are given next.
A.4.1 Calculation of Instruction Execution States
One state is one system clock cycle (ø). When ø = 10 MHz, one state = 100 ns.
Instruction Fetch Operand Read/Write Number of States
On-chip memory On-chip memory, (Value given in table A-7) +
general register, (Value in table A-8)
or no operand
On-chip memory module Byte (Value in table A-7) +
or off-chip memory (Value in table A-8) + I
Word (Value in table A-7) +
(Value in table A-8) + 2I
Off-chip memory On-chip memory, (Value given in table A-7) + 2(J + K)
general register,
or no operand
On-chip supporting module Byte (Value in table A-7) +
or off-chip memory I + 2(J + K)
Word (Value in table A-7) +
2(I + J + K)
Notes: *1 When the instruction is fetched from on-chip memory (ROM or RAM), the number of
execution states varies by 1 or 2 depending of whether the instruction is stored at an
even or odd address. This difference must be noted when software is used for timing,
and in other cases in which the exact number of states is important.
*2 If wait states are inserted in access to external memory, add the necessary number of
cycles.
*1
*2
*2
*2
384
A.4.2 Tables of Instruction Execution Cycles
Tables A-7 (1) through (6) should be read as shown below:
J + K = Instruction fetch cycles.
Instruction
Rn
@Rn
@(d:8, Rn)
@(d:16, Rn)
@–Rn
@Rn+
@aa:8
@aa:16
#xx:8
#xx:16
Addressing mode
ADD.B
ADD.W
ADD:Q.B
ADD:Q.W
DADD
1 1 2 5 5 6 5 65 6 3
1J1 1 2 3 1 12 3 2
K3
2 1 2 5 5 6 5 65 6 4
2 1 2 7 7 8 7 87 8
4 1 2 7 7 8 7 87 8
2
I: Total number of bytes
written and read when
operand is in memory.
Shading in the I column means
the operand cannot be in memory. Shading indicates addressing modes
that cannot be used with this instruction.
4
385
• Examples of Calculation of Number of States Required for Execution
(Example 1) Instruction fetch from on-chip memory: ADD:G.W @R0, R1
Operand Start Assembler Notation Table A-7 + Number
Read/Write Addr. Address Code Mnemonic Table A-8 of States
On-chip memory Even H'0100 H'D821 ADD:G.W @R0, R1 5 + 1 6
or general register Odd H'0101 H'D821 ADD:G.W @R0, R1 5 + 0 5
(Example 2) Instruction fetch from on-chip memory: JSR @R0
Branch Assembler Notation Table A-7 + Number
Addr. Address Code Mnemonic Table A-8 + 2I of States
Even H'FC00 H'11D8 JSR @R0 9 + 0 + 2 ×2 13
Odd H'FC01 H'11D8 JSR @R0 9 + 1 + 2 ×2 14
(Example 3) Instruction fetch from external memory
Operand Assembler Notation Table A-7 + Number
Read/Write Address Code Mnemonic 2(J + K) of States
On-chip memory or H'9002 H'D821 ADD:G.W @R0, R1 5 + 2 ×(1 + 1) 9
general register
On-chip module H'9002 H'D821 ADD:G.W @R0, R1 5 + 2 ×(2 + 1 + 1) 13
or external
memory
386
Instruction
Rn
@Rn
@(d:8, Rn)
@(d:16, Rn)
@–Rn
@Rn+
@aa:8
@aa:16
#xx:8
#xx:16
Addressing mode
ADD:G.B <EA >, R
ADD:G.W <EA >, R
ADD:Q.B #xx, <EA >
ADD:Q.W #xx, <EA >
ADDS.B <EA >, R
ADDS.W <EA >, R
ADDX.B <EA >, R
ADDX.W <EA >, R
AND.B <EA >, R
AND.W <EA >, R
ANDC #xx, CR
BCLR.B #xx, <EA >
BCLR.W #xx, <EA >
BNOT.B #xx, <EA >
BNOT.W #xx, <EA >
BSET.B #xx, <EA >
BSET.W #xx, <EA >
BTST.B #xx, <EA >
BTST.W #xx, <EA >
CLR.B <EA >
CLR.W <EA >
CMP:G.B <EA >, R
CMP:G.W <EA >, R
CMP:G.B #XX:8, <EA>
CMP:G.B #XX:16, <EA>
1 1 2 5 5 6 5 65 6 3
1J1 1 2 3 1 12 3 2
K3
2 1 2 5 5 6 5 65 6 4
2 1 2 7 7 8 7 87 8
4 1 2 7 7 8 7 87 8
1 1 3 5 5 6 5 65 6 3
2 1 3 5 5 6 5 65 6 4
1 1 2 5 5 6 5 65 6 3
2 1 2 5 5 6 5 65 6 4
1 1 2 5 5 6 5 65 6 3
2 1 2 5 5 6 5 65 6 4
1 95
2 1 4 7 7 8 7 87 8
4 1 4 7 7 8 7 87 8
2 1 4 7 7 8 7 87 8
4 1 4 7 7 8 7 87 8
2 1 4 7 7 8 7 87 8
4 1 4 7 7 8 7 87 8
1 1 3 5 5 6 5 65 6
2 1 3 5 5 6 5 65 6
1 1 2 5 5 6 5 65 6
2 1 2 5 5 6 5 65 6
1 1 2 5 5 6 5 65 6 3
2 1 2 5 5 6 5 65 6 4
1 2 6 6 7 6 76 7
2 3 7 7 8 7 87 8
Rs can also be specified as the source operand.*
d
s
s
d
d
s
d
d
s d
s d
s d
s d
s d
d
d
d
d
d
d
s
d
d
d
d
d
s d
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Table A-7 Instruction Execution Cycles (1)
387
I
J
Addressing mode
Rn
@Rn
@(d:8,Rn)
@(d:16,Rn)
@-Rn
@Rn+
@aa:8
@aa:16
#xx:8
#xx:16
K
CMP:E #xx:8,Rd
0
2
CMP:I #xx:16,Rd
0
3
DADD
2
4
DIVXU.B
1
1
20
23
23
24
23
24
23
24
21
DIVXU.W
2
1
26
29
29
30
29
30
29
30
28
DSUB
2
4
EXTS
1
3
EXTU
1
3
LDC.B
1
1
3
6
6
7
6
7
6
7
4
LDC.W
2
1
4
7
7
8
7
8
7
8
6
MOV.B
1
1
2
5
5
6
5
6
5
6
3
MOV.W
2
1
2
5
5
6
5
6
5
6
4
MOV.B #xx:8,<EA>
1
2
7
7
8
7
8
7
8
MOV.W #xx:16,<EA>
2
3
8
8
9
8
9
8
9
MOV:E #xx:8,Rd
0
2
MOV:I #xx:16,Rd
0
3
MOV:L.B @aa:8,Rd
1
0
5
MOV:L.W @aa:8,Rd
2
0
5
MOV:S.B Rs,@aa:8
1
0
5
MOV:S.W Rs,@aa:8
2
0
5
MOV:F.B @(d:8, R6), Rd
1
0
5
MOV:F.W @(d:8, R6), Rd
2
0
5
Instruction
1
1
2
3
1
1
2
3
2
3
MOV:F.B Rs, @(d:8, R6)
1
0
5
MOV:F.W Rs, @(d:8, R6)
2
0
5
Instruction
Rn
@Rn
@(d:8, Rn)
@(d:16, Rn)
@–Rn
@Rn+
@aa:8
@aa:16
#xx:8
#xx:16
Addressing mode
CMP:E #xx:8, R
CMP:I #xx:16, R
DADD R , R
DIVXU.B <EA >, R
DIVXU.W <EA >, R
DSUB R , R
EXTS R
EXTU R
LDC.B <EA >, CR
LDC.W <EA >, CR
MOV:G.B
MOV:G.W
MOV.G.B #xx:8, <EA >
MOV.G.B #xx:16, <EA >
MOV:E #xx:8, R
MOV:I #xx:16, R
MOV:L.B @aa:8, R
MOV:L.W @aa:8, R
MOV:S.B R ,@aa:8
MOV:S.W R ,@aa:8
MOV:F.B @(d:8, R6), R
MOV:F.W @(d:8, R6), R
MOV:F.B R , @(d:8, R6)
MOV:F.W R , @(d:8, R6)
0 2
1J1 1 2 3 1 12 3 2
K3
0 3
2 4
1 1 20 23 23 24 23 24 23 24
2 1 26 29 29 30 29 30 29 30
2 4
1 3
1 3
1 1 3 6 6 7 6 76 7 4
2 1 4 7 7 8 7 87 8 6
1 3
2 1
2 5 5 6 5 65 6
1 2 7 7 8 7 87 8
2 3 8 8 9 8 98 9
0
0
1 0 5
2 0 5
1 0 5
2 0 5
1 0 5
2 0 5
1 0 5
2 0 5
1
21
28
2 5 5 6 5 65 6 4
2
3
d
s d
d
s d
s d
s d
d
d
s
s
d
d
d
s
d
s
d
d
s
s
d
d
Table A-7 Instruction Execution Cycles (2)
388
Instruction
Rn
@Rn
@(d:8, Rn)
@(d:16, Rn)
@–Rn
@Rn+
@aa:8
@aa:16
#xx:8
#xx:16
Addressing mode
MOVFPE <EA >, R
MOVTPE R , <EA >
MULXU.B <EA >, R
MULXU.W <EA >, R
NEG.B <EA >
NEG.W <EA >
NOT.B <EA >
NOT.W <EA >
OR.B <EA >, R
OR.W <EA >, R
ORC #xx, CR
ROTL.B <EA >
ROTL.W <EA >
ROTR.B <EA >
ROTR.W <EA >
ROTXL.B <EA >
ROTXL.W <EA >
ROTXR.B <EA >
ROTXR.W <EA >
SHAL.B <EA >
SHAL.W <EA >
SHAR.B <EA >
SHAR.W <EA >
0 2 13
|
20
13
|
20
14
|
21
13
|
20
13
|
20
14
|
21
1J1 1 2 3 1 12 3 2
K3
0 2 13
|
20
13
|
20
14
|
21
13
|
20
14
|
21
13
|
20
14
|
21
1 1 16 19 19 20 19 20 19 20 18
2 1 23 25 25 26 25 26 25 26 25
2 1 2 7 7 8 7 87 8
4 1 2 7 8 7 87 8
2 1 2 7 7 8 7 87 8
1 3
2 1 2 5 5 6 5 65 6
1 5
2 1 2 7 7 8 7 87 8
4 1 2 7 7 8 7 87 8
2 1 2 7 7 8 7 87 8
4 1 2 7 7 8 7 87 8
2 1 2
4 1 3
2 1 2
4 1 2
2 1 2
4 1 2
2 1
4 1 7 7 8 7 87 8
SHLL.B <EA >
SHLL.W <EA >
2 1 7 7 8 7 87 8
4 1 7 7 8 7 87 8
14
|
21
7
4 1 2 7 8 7 87 8
1 1 2 5 5 6 5 65 6
7
4
9
2
2
2
2
7 7 8 7 87 8
7 7 8 7 87 8
7 7 8 7 87 8
7 7 8 7 87 8
7 7 8 7 87 8
7 7 8 7 87 8
7 7 8 7 87 8
ds
s d
s d
s d
s d
d
d
d
d
s d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
Table A-7 Instruction Execution Cycles (3)
389
Instruction
Rn
@Rn
@(d:8, Rn)
@(d:16, Rn)
@–Rn
@Rn+
@aa:8
@aa:16
#xx:8
#xx:16
Addressing mode
SHLR.B <EA >
SHLR.W <EA >
STC.B CR, <EA >
STC.W CR, <EA >
SUB.B <EA >, R
SUB.W <EA >, R
SUBS.B <EA >, R
SUBS.W <EA >, R
SUBX.B <EA >, R
SUBX.W <EA >, R
SWAP R
TAS <EA >
TST.B <EA >
TST.W <EA >
XCH R , R
XOR.B <EA >, R
XOR.W <EA >, R
XORC #xx, CR
DIVXU.B
DIVXU.B
DIVXU.W
DIVXU.W
DIVXU.B
DIVXU.W
2 1 2 7 7 8 7 87 8
1J1 1 2 3 1 12 3 2
K3
4 1 2
1 1 2 7 7 8 7 87 8
2 1 2 7 7 8 7 87 8
1 1 2 5 5 6 5 65 6 3
2 1 2 5 5 6 5 65 6 4
1 1 3 5 5 6 5 65 6 3
2 1 3 5 5 6 5 65 6 4
1 1 2 5 5 6 5 65 6 3
2 1 2 5 5 6 5 65 6 4
1
95
2 1 4 7 7 8 7 87 8
1 1 2 5 5 6 5 65 6
2 1 2 5 5 6 5 65 6
1 4
1 1 2
4 1 4
1
61 20 23 23 24 23 24 23 24
1 25 28 28 29 28 29 28 29
1 20 23 23 24 23 24 23 24 27
1 25 28 28 29 28 29 28 29 27
1 1 11 11 12 11 12 11 12
2 1 11 11 12 11 12 11 12
Zero divide, minimum mode
Zero divide, maximum mode
Zero divide, minimum mode
Zero divide, maximum mode
Overflow
Overflow
21
21
8
8
9
10
7
1012
68
1011
7 7 8 7 87 8
3
5 5 6 5 65 6
5 5 6 5 65 6
3
4
For register and immediate
operands
For memory operand
↵
*
↵
*
d
s d
d
d
d
s d
s d
s d
s d
s d
d
d
d
d
s d
s d
s d
Table A-7 Instruction Execution Cycles (4)
390
Instruction (Condition) Execution Cycles I J + K
Bcc d:8 Condition false, branch not taken 3
2
2
5
3
6
4
5
5
5
5
6
5
5
5
6
2
2
3
1
4
5
4
4
4
3
3
6
0
2
7
3
7
9
9
7
6
7
8
9
9
9
10
6 + 4n*
6
7
2
9
9
13
15
8
3
4
8
2
6 + 3n*
2
2
2
2
2
2n
2
2
2
2
4
6
2
2n
Bcc d:16
BSR
JMP
JSR
LDM
LINK
NOP
RTD
RTE
RTS
SCB
SLEEP
STM
Condition true, branch taken
Condition false, branch not taken
Condition true, branch taken
d:8
d:16
@aa:16
@Rn
@(d:8, Rn)
@(d:16, Rn)
@aa:16
@Rn
@(d:8, Rn)
@(d:16, Rn)
#xx:8
#xx:16
#xx:8
#xx:16
Minimum mode
Maximum mode
Condition false, branch not taken
Count = –1, branch not taken
Other than the above, branch taken
Cycles preceding transition to power-
down mode
*n is the number of registers specified in the register list.
Table A-7 Instruction Execution Cycles (5)
391
Table A-7 Instruction Execution Cycles (6)
Table A-8 (b) Adjusted Value (Other Instructions by Addressing Modes)
Table A-8 (a) Adjusted Value (Branch Instruction)
Instruction Address Adjusted Value
BSR, JMP, JSR, RTS, RTD, RTE even 0
TRAPA, PJMP, PJSR, PRTS, PRTD odd 1
Bcc, SCB, TRAP/VS (When branch even 0
is taken) odd 1
Instruction (Condition) Execution Cycles J + K
TRAPA Minimum mode 17
10
4
4
1
4
4
1
6
5
6
5
5
5
6
22
3
18
23
5
9
8
15
13
12
13
13
2
TRAP/VS
UNLK
PJMP
PRTS
Maximum mode
V = 0, trap not taken
V = 1, trap taken, minimum mode
V = 1, trap taken, maximum mode
@aa:24
@Rn
@aa:24
@Rn
#xx:8
#xx:16
PJSR
PRTD
6
10
I
6
4
4
4
4
4
Instruction
MOV.B #xx:8, <EA>
MOV.W #xx:16, <EA>
Instruction other than above
Start
address
Rn
@Rn
@(d:8, Rn)
@(d:16, Rn)
@–Rn
@Rn+
@aa:8
@aa:16
#xx:8
#xx:16
even
even
odd
even
odd
1
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
1
1
2
0
1
0
1
2
0
1
0
1
2
0
1
0
1
0
2
0
1
1
2
0
1
0
odd 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
392
Appendix B Register Field
B.1 Register Addresses and Bit Names
Addr. Addr.
(upper (lower Register Bit Names
byte) byte) Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Module
H'80 P1DDR P17DDR P16DDR P15DDR P14DDR P13DDR P12DDR P11DDR P10DDR Port 1
H'81 P2DDR — — — P24DDR P23DDR P22DDR P21DDR P20DDR Port 2
H'82 P1DR P17P16P15P14P13P12P11P10Port 1
H'83 P1DR — — — P24P23P22P21P20Port 2
H'84 P3DDR P37DDR P36DDR P35DDR P34DDR P33DDR P32DDR P31DDR P30DDR Port 3
H'85 P4DDR P47DDR P46DDR P45DDR P44DDR P43DDR P42DDR P41DDR P40DDR Port 4
H'86 P3DR P37P36P35P34P33P32P31P30Port 3
H'FE H'87 P4DR P47P46P45P44P43P42P41P40Port 4
H'88 P5DDR P57DDR P56DDR P55DDR P54DDR P53DDR P52DDR P51DDR P50DDR Port 5
H'89 P6DDR — — — — P63DDR P62DDR P61DDR P60DDR Port 6
H'8A P5DR P57P56P55P54P53P52P51P50Port 5
H'8B P6DR — — — — P63P62P61P60Port 6
H'8C P7DDR P77DDR P76DDR P75DDR P74DDR P73DDR P72DDR P71DDR P70DDR Port 7
H'8D — — — — — — — — — —
H'8E P7DR P77P76P75P74P73P72P71P70Port 7
H'8F P8DR P87P86P85P84P83P82P81P80Port 8
H'90 TCR ICIE OCIEB OCIEA OVIE OEB OEA CKS1 CKS0
H'91 TCSR ICF OCFB OCFA OVF OLVLB OLVLA IEDG CCLRA
H'92 FRC(H)
H'93 FRC(L)
H'94 OCRA(H)
H'95 OCRA(L)
H'96 OCRB(H)
H'FE H'97 OCRB(L)
H'98 ICR(H) FRT 1
H'99 ICR(L)
H'9A— ————————
H'9B— ————————
H'9C— ————————
H'9D— ————————
H'9E— ————————
H'9F— ————————
Note: (Continued on next page)
FRT1: Free-Running Timer channel 1
393
(Continued from preceding page)
Addr. Addr.
(upper (lower Register Bit Names
byte) byte) Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Module
H'A0 TCR ICIE OCIEB OCIEA OVIE OEB OEA CKS1 CKS0
H'A1 TCSR ICF OCFB OCFA OVF OLVLB OLVLA IEDG CCLRA
H'A2 FRC(H)
H'A3 FRC(L)
H'A4 OCRA(H)
H'A5 OCRA(L)
H'A6 OCRB(H)
H'FE H'A7 OCRB(L)
H'A8 ICR(H) FRT2
H'A9 ICR(L)
H'AA— ————————
H'AB— ————————
H'AC— ————————
H'AD— ————————
H'AE— ————————
H'AF— ————————
H'B0 TCR ICIE OCIEB OCIEA OVIE OEB OEA CKS1 CKS0
H'B1 TCSR ICF OCFB OCFA OVF OLVLB OLVLA IEDG CCLRA
H'B2 FRC(H)
H'B3 FRC(L)
H'B4 OCRA(H)
H'B5 OCRA(L)
H'B6 OCRB(H)
H'FE H'B7 OCRB(L)
H'B8 ICR(H) FRT 3
H'B9 ICR(L)
H'BA— ————————
H'BB— ————————
H'BC— ————————
H'BD— ————————
H'BE— ————————
H'BF— ————————
Notes: (Continued on next page)
FRT2: Free-Running Timer channel 2
FRT3: Free-Running Timer channel 3
394
395
(Continued from preceding page)
Addr. Addr.
(upper (lower Register Bit Names
byte) byte) Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Module
H'C0 TCR OE OS — — — CKS2 CKS1 CKS0
H'C1 DTR PWM1
H'C2 TCNT
H'C3— ————————
H'C4 TCR OE OS — — — CKS2 CKS1 CKS0
H'C5 DTR PWM2
H'C6 TCNT
H'FE H'C7 — — — — — — — — —
H'C8 TCR OE OS — — — CKS2 CKS1 CKS0
H'C9 DTR PWM3
H'CA TCNT
H'CB— ————————
H'CC— ————————
H'CD — — — — — — — — — —
H'CE— ————————
H'CF— ————————
H'D0 TCR CMIEB CMIEA OVIE CCLR1 CCLR0 CKS2 CKS1 CKS0
H'D1 TCSR CMFB CMFA OVF — OS3 OS2 OS1 OS0
H'D2 TCORA
H'D3 TCORB TMR
H'D4 TCNT
H'D5— ————————
H'D6— ————————
H'FE H'D7 — — — — — — — — —
H'D8 SMR C/A CHR PE O/E STOP — CKS1 CKS0
H'D9 BRR
H'DA SCR TIE RIE TE RE — — CKE1 CKE0
H'DB TDR SCI1
H'DC SSR TDRE RDRF ORER FER PER — — —
H'DD RDR
H'DE— ————————
H'DF— ————————
Notes: (Continued on next page)
PWM1: Pulse-Width Modulation timer channel 1
PWM2: Pulse-Width Modulation timer channel 2
PWM3: Pulse-Width Modulation timer channel 3
TMR: 8-Bit Timer
SCI1: Serial Communication Interface 1
396
(Continued from preceding page)
Addr. Addr.
(upper (lower Register Bit Names
byte) byte) Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Module
H'E0
ADDRA(H) AD9AD8AD7AD6AD5AD4AD3AD2
H'E1 ADDRA(L) AD1AD0——————
H'E2 ADDRB(H) AD9AD8AD7AD6AD5AD4AD3AD2
H'E3 ADDRB(L) AD1AD0——————
H'E4 ADDRC(H) AD9AD8AD7AD6AD5AD4AD3AD2
H'E5 ADDRC(L) AD1AD0——————A/D
H'E6 ADDRD(H) AD9AD8AD7AD6AD5AD4AD3AD2
H'FE H'E7 ADDRD(L) AD1AD0——————
H'E8 ADCSR ADF ADIE ADST SCAN CKS CH2 CH1 CH0
H'E9— ————————
H'EA— ————————
H'EB— ————————
H'EC TCSR*OVF WT/IT TME — — CKS2 CKS1 CKS0 WDT
H'ED TCNT*————————
H'EE — — — — — — — — — —
H'EF— ————————
H'F0 SMR C/A CHR PE O/E STOP — CKS2 CKS0
H'F1 BRR
H'F2 SCR TIE RIE TE RE — — OKE1 OKE2
H'F3 TDR SCI2
H'F4 SSR TDRE RDRF ORER FER — — — —
H'F5 RDR
H'F6— ————————
H'FE H'F7 — — — — — — — — —
H'F8— ————————
H'F9 — — — — — — — — — —
H'FA— ————————
H'FB— ————————
H'FC SYSCR1 — IRQ1E IRQ0E NMIEG BRLE — — — Port 1
H'FD SYSCR2 — IRQ5E IRQ4E IRQ3E IRQ2EP6PWME P9PWME P9SCI2E Port 6,9
H'FE P9DDR P97DDR P96DDR P95DDR P94DDR P93DDR P92DDR P91DDR P90DDR Port 9
H'FF P9DR P97P96P95P94P93P92P91P90
Notes: (Continued on next page)
A/D: Analog-to-Digital converter
WDT: Watchdog Timer
SCI2: Serial Communication Interface 2
* Read addresses are shown. Write addresses of both TCSR and TCNT are H'FEED. See section 13.2.4,
“Notes on Register Access” for details.
397
(Continued from preceding page)
Addr. Addr.
(upper (lower Register Bit Names
byte) byte) Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Module
H'00 IPRA — IRQ0— IRQ1
H'01 IPRB — IRQ2/IRQ3— IRQ4/IRQ5
H'02 IPRC — FRT1 — FRT2
H'03 IPRD — FRT3 — 8 Bit Timer
H'04 IPRE — SCI1 — SCI2
H'05 IPRF — A/D — — — —
H'06— ————————
H'FF H'07 — — — — — — — — — INTC
H'08 DTEA — — — IRQ0— — — IRQ1
H'09 DTEB — — IRQ3IRQ2— — IRQ5IRQ4
H'0A DTEC — OCIB1 OCIA1 ICI1 — OCIB2 OCIA2 ICI2
H'0B DTED — OCIB3 OCIA3 ICI3 — — CMIB CMIA
H'0C DTEE — TXI1 RXI1 — — TXI2 RXI2 —
H'0D DTEF — — — ADI — — — —
H'0E— ————————
H'0F— ————————
H'10 WCR — — — — WMS1 WMS0 WC1 WC0 WSC
H'11 RAMCR RAME — — — — — — — RAM
H'12 MDCR — — — — — MDS2 MDS1 MDS0 —
H'13 SBYCR SSBY — — — — — — —
H'14 WCR WDT
H'15 RSTCSR WRST RSTOE — — — — — —
H'16— ————————
H'FF H'17 — — — — — — — — —
H'18— ————————
H'19— ————————
H'1A — — — — — — — — — —
H'1B— ————————
H'1C— ————————
H'1D— ————————
H'1E— ————————
H'1F— ————————
Notes:
INTC: Interrupt Controller
WSC: Wait State Controller
WDT: Watchdog Timer
398
SYSCR1—System Control Register 1 H'FEFC Port 1
Bit 76543210
— IRQ1E IRQ0E NMIEG BRLE — — —
Initial value 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
Read/Write — R/W R/W R/W R/W — — —
Nonmaskable Interrupt Edge
0 An NMI request is generated on the falling edge of the NMI pin input.
1 An NMI request is generated on the rising edge of the NMI pin input.
Bus Release Enable
0 P12and P13are I/O ports.
1 P12is the BACK output pin. P13is the BREQ input pin.
Register name Name of the on-chip
supporting module
Names of the
bits.
Dashes (—)
indicate
reserved bits.
Address to which the
register is mapped
Acronym of the register
Bit
numbers
Initial bit
values
Full name of the bit
Functions of the bit settings
Interrupt Request 0 Enable
0 P15is an I/O port; IRQ0input is disabled.
1 P15is the IRQ0input pin.
Interrupt Request 1 Enable
0 P16is an I/O port; IRQ1input is disabled.
1 P16is the IRQ1input pin.
Type of access permitted
R Read only
W Write only
R/W Both read and write
B.2 Register Descriptions
P1DDR—Port 1 Data Direction Register H'FE80 Port 1
Bit 76543210
P17DDR P16DDR P15DDR P14DDR P13DDR P12DDR P11DDR P10DDR
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write W W W W W W W W
Port 1 Input/Output Selection
0 Input port
1 Output port
P1DR—Port 1 Data Register H'FE82 Port 1
Bit 76543210
P17P16P15P14P13P12P11P10
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 — —
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R R
P2DDR—Port 2 Data Direction Register H'FE81 Port 2
Bit 76543210
— — — P24DDR P23DDR P22DDR P21DDR P20DDR
Initial value 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write — — — W W W W W
Port 2 Input/Output Selection
0 Input port
1 Output port
399
P2DR—Port 2 Data Register H'FE83 Port 2
Bit 76543210
— — — P24P23P22P21P20
Initial value 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write — — — R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
P3DR—Port 3 Data Register H'FE86 Port 3
Bit 76543210
P37P36P35P34P33P32P31P30
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
P3DDR—Port 3 Data Direction Register H'FE84 Port 3
Bit 76543210
P37DDR P36DDR P35DDR P34DDR P33DDR P32DDR P31DDR P30DDR
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write W W W W W W W W
P4DDR—Port 4 Data Direction Register H'FE85 Port 4
Bit 76543210
P47DDR P46DDR P45DDR P44DDR P43DDR P42DDR P41DDR P40DDR
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write W W W W W W W W
Port 3 Input/Output Selection
0 Input port
1 Output port
Port 4 Input/Output Selection
0 Input port
1 Output port
400
401
P4DR—Port 4 Data Register H'FE87 Port 4
Bit 76543210
P47P46P45P44P43P42P41P40
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
P5DR—Port 5 Data Register H'FE8A Port 5
Bit 76543210
P57P56P55P54P53P52P51P50
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
P5DDR—Port 5 Data Direction Register H'FE88 Port 5
Bit 76543210
P57DDR P56DDR P55DDR P54DDR P53DDR P52DDR P51DDR P50DDR
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write W W W W W W W W
P6DDR—Port 6 Data Direction Register H'FE89 Port 6
Bit 76543210
— — — — P63DDR P62DDR P61DDR P60DDR
Initial value 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
Read/Write — — — — W W W W
Port 5 Input/Output Selection
0 Input port
1 Output port
Port 6 Input/Output Selection
0 Input port
1 Output port
402
P6DR—Port 6 Data Register H'FE8B Port 6
Bit 76543210
— — — — P63P62P61P60
Initial value 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
Read/Write — — — — R/W R/W R/W R/W
P7DR—Port 7 Data Register H'FE8E Port 7
Bit 76543210
P77P76P75P74P73P72P71P70
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
P8DR—Port 8 Data Register H'FE8F Port 8
Bit 76543210
P87P86P85P84P83P82P81P80
Read/Write R R R R R R R R
P7DDR—Port 7 Data Direction Register H'FE8C Port 7
Bit 76543210
P77DDR P76DDR P75DDR P74DDR P73DDR P72DDR P71DDR P70DDR
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write W W W W W W W W
Port 7 Input/Output Selection
0 Input port
1 Output port
403
TCR—Timer Control Register H'FE90 FRT1
Bit 76543210
ICIE OCIEB OCIEA OVIE OEB OEA CKS1 CKS0
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Output Enable A
0 Compare-A output is disabled.
1 Compare-A output is enabled.
Output Enable B
0 Compare-B output is disabled.
1 Compare-B output is enabled.
Timer Overflow Interrupt Enable
0 Overflow interrupt request is disabled.
1 Overflow interrupt request is enabled.
Output Compare Interrupt Enable A
0 Compare-match A interrupt request is disabled.
1 Compare-match A interrupt request is enabled.
Output Compare Interrupt Enable B
0 Compare-match B interrupt request is disabled.
1 Compare-match B interrupt request is enabled.
Input Capture Interrupt Enable
0 Input capture interrupt is disabled.
1 Input capture interrupt is enabled.
Clock Select
00 Internal clock
source: ø4
01 Internal clock
source: ø8
10 Internal clock
source: ø32
11 External clock source:
counted on rising edge
404
TCSR—Timer Control/Status Register H'FE91 FRT1
Bit 76543210
ICF OCFB OCFA OVF OLVLB OLVLA IEDG CCLRA
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/W R/W R/W R/W
Input Edge Select
0Count is captured on
falling edge of input
capture signal (FTI).
1Count is captured on
rising edge of input
capture signal.
Output Level A
0Compare-match A causes 0 output.
1Compare-match A causes 1 output.
Output Level B
0Compare-match B causes 0 output.
1Compare-match B causes 1 output.
Timer Overflow
0 Cleared from 1 to 0 when CPU reads OVF =
1, then writes 0 in OVF.
1Set to 1 when FRC changes from H'FFFF to H'0000.
Output Compare Flag A
0 Cleared from 1 to 0 when:
1. CPU reads OCFA = 1, then writes 0 in OCFA.
2. OCIA interrupt is served by DTC.
1 Set to 1 when FRC = OCRA.
Output Compare Flag B
0 Cleared from 1 to 0 when:
1. CPU reads OCFB = 1, then writes 0 in OCFB.
2. OCIB interrupt is served by DTC.
1 Set to 1 when FRC = OCRB.
Input Capture Flag
0 Cleared from 1 to 0 when:
1. CPU reads ICF = 1, then writes 0 in ICF.
2. ICI interrupt is served by DTC.
1Set to 1 when input capture signal is received and FRC count is copied to ICR.
Counter Clear A
0FRC count
is not cleared.
1FRC count is
cleared by
compare-
match A.
*Only writing of a 0 to
clear the flag is enabled.
405
FRC (H and L)—Free-Running Counter H'FE92, H'FE93 FRT 1
Bit 76543210
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Count value
OCRA (H and L)—Output Compare Register A H'FE94, H'FE95 FRT 1
Bit 76543210
Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Continually compared with FRC. OCFA is set to 1 when OCRA = FRC.
OCRB (H and L)—Output Compare Register B H'FE96, H'FE97 FRT 1
Bit 76543210
Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Continually compared with FRC. OCFB is set to 1 when OCRB = FRC.
ICR (H and L)—Input Capture Register H'FE98, H'FE99 FRT 1
Bit 76543210
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R R R R R R R
Contains FRC count captured when external input capture signal changes.
406
TCR—Timer Control Register H'FEA0 FRT 2
Bit 76543210
ICIE OCIEB OCIEA OVIE OEB OEA CKS1 CKS0
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Note: Bit functions are the same as for FRT1.
TCSR—Timer Control/Status Register H'FEA1 FRT 2
Bit 76543210
ICF OCFB OCFA OVF OLVLB OLVLA IEDG CCLRA
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/W R/W R/W R/W
Note: Bit functions are the same as for FRT1.
*Only writing of a 0 to clear the flag is enabled.
FRC (H and L)—Free-Running Counter H'FEA2, H'FEA3 FRT 2
Bit 76543210
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Note: Bit functions are the same as for FRT1.
OCRA (H and L)—Output Compare Register A H'FEA4, H'FEA5 FRT 2
Bit 76543210
Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Note: Bit functions are the same as for FRT1.
OCRB (H and L)—Output Compare Register B H'FEA6, H'FEA7 FRT 2
Bit 76543210
Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Note: Bit functions are the same as for FRT1.
ICR (H and L)—Input Capture Register H'FEA8, H'FEA9 FRT 2
Bit 76543210
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R R R R R R R
Note: Bit functions are the same as for FRT1.
TCR—Timer Control Register H'FEB0 FRT 3
Bit 76543210
ICIE OCIEB OCIEA OVIE OEB OEA CKS1 CKS0
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Note: Bit functions are the same as for FRT1.
407
TCSR—Timer Control/Status Register H'FEB1 FRT 3
Bit 76543210
ICF OCFB OCFA OVF OLVLB OLVLA IEDG CCLRA
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/W R/W R/W R/W
Note: Bit functions are the same as for FRT1.
*Only writing of 0 to clear the flag is enabled.
FRC (H and L)—Free-Running Counter H'FEB2, H'FEB3 FRT 3
Bit 76543210
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Note: Bit functions are the same as for FRT1.
OCRA (H and L)—Output Compare Register A H'FEB4, H'FEB5 FRT 3
Bit 76543210
Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Note: Bit functions are the same as for FRT1.
408
OCRB (H and L)—Output Compare Register B H'FEB6, H'FEB7 FRT 3
Bit 76543210
Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Note: Bit functions are the same as for FRT1.
ICR (H and L)—Input Capture Register H'FEB8, H'FEB9 FRT 3
Bit 76543210
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R R R R R R R
Note: Bit functions are the same as for FRT1.
409
410
TCR—Timer Control Register H'FEC0 PWM1
Bit 76543210
OE OS — — — CKS2 CKS1 CKS0
Initial value 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W — — — R/W R/W R/W
Clock Select (Values When ø = 10MHz)
Internal Reso- PWM PWM
Clock Freq. lution Period Frequency
000 ø/2 200 ns 50 µs 20 kHz
001 ø/8 800 ns 200 µs 5 kHz
010 ø/32 3.2 µs 800 µs 1.25 kHz
011 ø/128 12.8 µs 3.2 ms 312.5 kHz
100 ø/256 25.6 µs 6.4 ms 156.3 Hz
101 ø/1024 102.4 µs 25.6 ms 39.1 Hz
110 ø/2048 204.8 µs 51.2 ms 19.5 Hz
111 ø/4096 409.6 µs 102.4 ms 9.8 Hz
Output Enable
0 PWM output disabled; TCNT cleared to H'00 and stops.
1 PWM output enabled; TCNT runs.
Output Select
0 Positive logic
1 Negative logic
DTR—Duty Register H'FEC1 PWM1
Bit 76543210
Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Pulse duty factor
411
TCNT—Timer Counter H'FEC2 PWM1
Bit 76543210
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*
*Write function is for test purposes only. Writing to this register during normal operation may have
unpredictable effects
Count value (runs from H'00 to H'F9, then repeats from H'00)
TCR—Timer Control Register H'FEC4 PWM2
Bit 76543210
OE OS — — — CKS2 CKS1 CKS0
Initial value 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W — — — R/W R/W R/W
Note: Bit functions are the same as for PWM1.
DTR—Duty Register H'FEC5 PWM2
Bit 76543210
Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Note: Bit functions are the same as for PWM1.
412
TCNT—Timer Counter H'FEC6 PWM2
Bit 76543210
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*
Note: Bit functions are the same as for PWM1.
*Write function is for test purposes only. Writing to this register during normal operation may have
unpredictable effects
TCR—Timer Control Register H'FEC8 PWM3
Bit 76543210
OE OS — — — CKS2 CKS1 CKS0
Initial value 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W — — — R/W R/W R/W
Note: Bit functions are the same as for PWM1.
DTR—Duty Register H'FEC9 PWM3
Bit 76543210
Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Note: Bit functions are the same as for PWM1.
TCNT—Timer Counter H'FECA PWM3
Bit 76543210
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*
Note: Bit functions are the same as for PWM1.
*Write function is for test purposes only. Writing to this register during normal operation may have
unpredictable effects.
413
414
TCR—Timer Control Register H'FED0 TMR
Bit 76543210
CMIEB CMIEA OVIE CCLR1 CCLR0 CKS2 CKS1 CKS0
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Counter Clear
0 0 Counter is not cleared.
0 1 Cleared by compare-match A.
1 0 Cleared by compare-match B.
1 1 Cleared on rising edge of external reset input.
Clock Select
0 0 0 No clock source; timer stops.
0 0 1 Internal clock source: ø/8,
counted on falling edge.
0 1 0 Internal clock source: ø/64,
counted on falling edge.
0 1 1 Internal clock source: ø/1024,
counted on falling edge.
1 0 0 No clock source; timer stops.
1 0 1 External clock source, counted
on rising edge.
1 1 0 External clock source, counted
on falling edge.
1 1 1 External clock source, counted
on both rising and falling edges.
Timer Overflow Interrupt Enable
0 Overflow interrupt request is disabled.
1 Overflow interrupt request is enabled.
Compare-Match Interrupt Enable A
0 Compare-match A interrupt request is disabled.
1 Compare-match A interrupt request is enabled.
Compare-Match Interrupt Enable B
0 Compare-match B interrupt request is disabled.
1 Compare-match B interrupt request is enabled.
415
TCSR—Timer Control/Status Register H'FED1 TMR
Bit 76543210
CMFB CMFA OVF — OS3*2OS2*2OS1*2OS0*2
Initial value 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/(W)*1R/(W)*1R/(W)*1— R/W R/W R/W R/W
Output Select
0 0 No change on compare-match B.
0 1 Output 0 on compare-match B.
1 0 Output 1 on compare-match B.
1 1 Invert (toggle) output on compare-match B.
Output Select
0 0 No change on compare-match A.
0 1 Output 0 on compare-match A.
1 0 Output 1 on compare-match A.
1 1 Invert (toggle) output on compare-match A.
Timer Overflow Flag
0 Cleared from 1 to 0 when CPU reads OVF = 1,
then writes 0 in OVF.
1 Set to 1 when TCNT changes from H'FF to H'00.
Compare-Match Flag B
0 Cleared from 1 to 0 when:
1. CPU reads CMFB = 1, then writes 0 in CMFB.
2. CMB interrupt is served by the DTC.
1 Set to 1 when TCNT = TCORB.
*1 Only writing of 0 to clear the flag is enabled.
*2 When all four bits (OS3 to OS0) are cleared to 0, output is disabled.
Compare-Match Flag A
0 Cleared from 1 to 0 when:
1. CPU reads CMFA = 1, then writes 0 in CMFA.
2. CMA interrupt is served by the DTC.
1 Set to 1 when TCNT = TCORA.
416
TCORA—Time Constant Register A H'FED2 TMR
Bit 76543210
Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
The CMFA bit is set to 1 when TCORA = TCNT.
TCORB—Time Constant Register B H'FED3 TMR
Bit 76543210
Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
The CMFB bit is set to 1 when TCORB = TCNT.
TCNT—Timer Counter H'FED4 TMR
Bit 76543210
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Count value
417
SMR—Serial Mode Register H'FED8 SCI1
Bit 76543210
C/A CHR PE O/E STOP — CKS1 CKS0
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W — R/W R/W
Stop Bit Length
0 One stop bit
1 Two stop bits
Parity Mode
0 Even parity
1 Odd parity
Character Length
0 8-Bit data length
1 7-Bit data length
Communication Mode
0 Asynchronous
1 Synchronous
Parity Enable
0 Transmit: No parity bit added.
Receive: Parity bit not checked.
1 Transmit: Parity bit added.
Receive: Parity bit checked.
Clock Select
0 0 ø clock
0 1 ø/4 clock
1 0 ø/16 clock
1 1 ø/64 clock
BRR—Bit Rate Register H'FED9 SCI1
Bit 76543210
Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Constant that determines the baud rate
SCR—Serial Control Register H'FEDA SCI1
Bit 76543210
TIE RIE TE RE — — CKE1 CKE0
Initial value 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W — — R/W R/W
Clock Enable 0
0 SCK pin is NOT USED.
1 SCK pin is used for output.
Clock Enable 1
0 Internal clock
1 External clock, input at SCK pin
Receive Enable
0 Receive disabled
1 Receive enabled
Transmit Enable
0 Transmit disabled
1 Transmit enabled
Receive Interrupt Enable
0 Receive interrupt request (RXI) is disabled.
1 Receive interrupt request (RXI) is enabled.
Transmit Interrupt Enable
0 Transmit interrupt request (TXI) is disabled.
1 Transmit interrupt request (TXI) is enabled.
418
TDR—Transmit Data Register H'FEDB SCI1
Bit 76543210
Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Transmit data
419
420
SSR—Serial Status Register H'FEDC SCI1
Bit 76543210
TDRE RDRF ORER FER PER — — —
Initial value 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
Read/Write R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*———
Parity Error
0Cleared from 1 to 0 when:
1. CPU reads PER = 1, then writes 0 in PER.
2. The chip is reset or enters a standby mode.
1Set to 1 when a parity error occurs (parity of
receive data does not match parity selected by bit).
Framing Error
0 Cleared from 1 to 0 when:
1. CPU reads FER = 1, then writes 0 in FER.
2. The chip is reset or enters a standby mode.
1 Set to 1 when a framing error occurs (stop bit is 0).
Overrun Error
0 Cleared from 1 to 0 when:
1. CPU reads ORER = 1, then writes 0 in ORER.
2. The chip is reset or enters a standby mode.
1 Set to 1 when an overrun error occurs (next data is
completely received while RDRF bit is set to 1).
Receive Data Register Full
0 Cleared from 1 to 0 when:
1. CPU reads RDRF = 1, then writes 0 in RDRF.
2. RDR is read by the DTC.
3. The chip is reset or enters a standby mode.
1 Set to 1 when one character is received normally and
transferred from RSR to RDR.
* Only writing of 0 to clear the flag is enabled.
Transmit Data Register Empty
0 Cleared from 1 to 0 when:
1. CPU reads TDRE = 1, then writes 0 in TDRE.
2. The DTC writes data in TDR.
1 Set to 1 when:
1. The chip is reset or enters a standby mode.
2. Data is transferred from TDR to TSR.
3. CPU reads TDRE = 0, then clears 0 in TE.
RDR—Receive Data Register H'FEDD SCI1
Bit 76543210
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R R R R R R R
Receive data
ADDRn (H)—A/D Data Register n (High)
H'FEE0, H'FEE2, H'FEE4, H'FEE6 (n = A, B, C, D) A/D
Bit 76543210
AD9AD8AD7AD6AD5AD4AD3AD2
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R R R R R R R
Upper 8 bits of 10-bit A/D conversion result
ADDRn (L)—A/D Data Register n (Low)
H'FEE1, H'FEE3, H'FEE5, H'FEE7 (n = A, B, C, D) A/D
Bit 76543210
AD1AD0——————
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R R R R R R R
Lower 2 bits of 10-bit A/D conversion result
421
422
ADCSR—A/D Control/Status Register H'FEE8 A/D
Bit 76543210
ADF ADIE ADST SCAN CKS CH2 CH1 CH0
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/(W)*R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Channel Select
CH2 CH1 CH0 Single Mode Scan Mode
0 0 AN0AN0
0 1 AN1AN0, AN1
1 0 AN2AN0to AN2
1 1 AN3AN0to AN3
0 0 AN4AN4
0 1 AN5AN4, AN5
1 0 AN6AN4to AN6
1 1 AN7AN4to AN7
0
1
Clock Select
0 Conversion time = 274 states
1 Conversion time = 138 states
Scan Mode
0 Single mode
1 Scan mode
A/D Start
0 A/D conversion is halted.
1 1. Single mode: One A/D conversion is performed,
then this bit is automatically cleared to 0.
2. Scan mode: A/D conversion starts and continues
cyclically on all selected channels until 0 is
written in this bit.
A/D Interrupt Enable
0 The A/D interrupt request (ADI) is disabled.
1 The A/D interrupt request (ADI) is enabled.
* Only writing of 0 to clear the flag is enabled.
A/D End Flag
0 Cleared from 1 to 0 when:
1. The chip is reset or enters a standby mode.
2. CPU reads ADF = 1, then writes 0 in ADF.
3. DTC is served by ADI.
1 Set to 1 at the following times:
1. Single mode: at the completion of A/D conversion.
2. Scan mode: when all selected channels have been converted.
ADCR—A/D Control Register H'FEE9 A/D
Bit 76543210
TRGE———————
Initial value 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W
Trigger Enable
0 The A/D external trigger is disabled.
1 The A/D external trigger is enabled. A/D conversion
starts on the falling edge of ADTRG.
423
424
TCSR—Timer Status/Control Register H'FEEC*1, H'FEED*2 WDT
Bit 76543210
OVF WT/IT TME — — CKS2 CKS1 CKS0
Initial value 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0
Read/Write R/(W)*3R/W R/W — — R/W R/W R/W
Timer Enable
0 Timer is disabled.
• TCNT is initialized to H'00 and stopped.
1 Timer is enabled.
• TCNT starts incrementing.
• CPU interrupt request is enabled.
Timer Mode Select
0 Interval timer mode (IRQ0interrupt request)
1 Watchdog timer mode (NMI interrupt request)
*1 Read address
*2 Write address
*3 Only writing of 0 to clear the flag is enabled.
*4 Times in parentheses are the times for TCNT to increment from H'00 to H'FF and change to
H'00 again when ø = 10 MHz.
Overflow Flag
0 Cleared from 1 to 0 when CPU reads OVF = 1, then wtites 0
in OVF.
1 Set to 1 when TCNT changes from H'FF to H'00.
Clock Select
0 0 0 ø/2 (51.2 µs)*4
0 0 1 ø/32 (819.2 µs)
0 1 0 ø/64 (1.6 ms)
0 1 1 ø/128 (3.3 ms)
1 0 0 ø/256 (6.6 ms)
1 0 1 ø/512 (13.1 ms)
1 1 0 ø/2048 (52.4 ms)
1 1 1 ø/4096 (104.9 ms)
TCNT—Timer Counter H'FEED WDT
Bit 76543210
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Count value
SMR—Serial Mode Register H'FEF0 SCI2
Bit 76543210
C/A CHR PE O/E STOP — CKS1 CKS0
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W — R/W R/W
Note: Bit functions are the same as for SCI1.
BRR—Bit Rate Register H'FEF1 SCI2
Bit 76543210
Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Note: Bit functions are the same as for SCI1.
SCR—Serial Control Register H'FEF2 SCI2
Bit 76543210
TIE RIE TE RE — — CKE1 CKE0
Initial value 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W — — R/W R/W
Note: Bit functions are the same as for SCI1.
425
TDR—Transmit Data Register H'FEF3 SCI2
Bit 76543210
Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Note: Bit functions are the same as for SCI1.
SSR—Serial Status Register H'FEF4 SCI2
Bit 76543210
TDRE RDRF ORER FER PER
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
Read/Write R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*R/(W)*———
Note: Bit functions are the same as for SCI1.
* Only writing of 0 to clear the flag is enabled.
RDR—Receive Data Register H'FEF5 SCI2
Bit 76543210
Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Note: Bit functions are the same as for SCI1.
426
SYSCR1—System Control Register 1 H'FEFC Port 1
Bit 76543210
— IRQ1E IRQ0E NMIEG BRLE — — —
Initial value 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
Read/Write — R/W R/W R/W R/W — — —
Nonmaskable Interrupt Edge
0 An NMI request is generated on the
falling edge of the NMI pin input.
1 An NMI request is generated on the
rising edge of the NMI pin input.
Bus Release Enable
0 P12and P13are I/O ports.
1 P12is the BACK output pin and
P13is the BREQ input pin.
Interrupt Request 0 Enable
0 P15is an I/O port; IRQ0input is disabled.
1 P15is the IRQ0input pin.
Interrupt Request 1 Enable
0 P16is an I/O port; IRQ1input is disabled.
1 P16is the IRQ1input pin.
427
428
SYSCR2—System Control Register 2 H'FEFD Port6, Port9
Bit 76543210
— IRQ5E IRQ5E IRQ5E IRQ5E P6PWMEP9PWME P9SCI2E
Initial value 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write — R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Port 9 PWM Enable
0P92, P93, and P94
cannot be used for
PWM output.
1P92, P93, and P94
can be used for
PWM output (see port
9 pin functions).
Port 6 PWM Enable
0P61, P62, and P63
cannot be used for
PWM output.
1P61, P62, and P63
can be used for
PWM output (see port
6 pin functions).
Interrupt Request 4 Enable
0 P62is not used for IRQ4signal input.
1 P62is used for IRQ4signal input.
Interrupt Request 3 Enable
0 P61is not used for IRQ3signal input.
1 P61is used for IRQ3signal input.
Interrupt Request 2 Enable
0 P60is not used for IRQ2signal input.
1 P60is used for IRQ2signal input.
Interrupt Request 5 Enable
0 P63is not used for IRQ5signal input.
1 P63is used for IRQ5signal input.
Port 9 SCI2 Enable
0P92, P93, and P94
cannot be used for
serial communication.
1P92, P93, and P94
can be used for
serial communication
(see port 9 pin
functions).
IPRA—Interrupt Priority Register A H'FF00 INTC
Bit 76543210
— —
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R/W R/W R/W R R/W R/W R/W
IRQ0interrupt priority level (0 to 7) IRQ1interrupt priority level (0 to 7)
IPRB—Interrupt Priority Register B H'FF01 INTC
Bit 76543210
— —
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R/W R/W R/W R R/W R/W R/W
IRQ2and IRQ3interrupt
priority level (0 to 7) IRQ4and IRQ5interrupt
priority level (0 to 7)
P9DDR—Port 9 Data Direction Register H'FEFE Port 9
Bit 76543210
P97DDR P96DDR P95DDR P94DDR P93DDR P92DDR P91DDR P90DDR
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write W W W W W W W W
Port 9 Input/Output Selection
0 Input port
1 Output port
P9DR—Port 9 Data Register H'FEFF Port 9
Bit 76543210
P97P96P95P94P93P92P91P90
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
429
IPRC—Interrupt Priority Register C H'FF02 INTC
Bit 76543210
— —
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R/W R/W R/W R R/W R/W R/W
16-Bit FRT2 interrupt
priority level (0 to 7)
16-Bit FRT1 interrupt
priority level (0 to 7)
IPRD—Interrupt Priority Register D H'FF03 INTC
Bit 76543210
— —
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R/W R/W R/W R R/W R/W R/W
8-Bit timer interrupt
priority level (0 to 7)
16-Bit FRT3 interrupt
priority level (0 to 7)
IPRE—Interrupt Priority Register E H'FF04 INTC
Bit 76543210
— —
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R/W R/W R/W R R/W R/W R/W
SCI1 interrupt
priority level (0 to 7) SCI2 interrupt
priority level (0 to 7)
430
DTEB—Data Transfer Enable Register B H'FF09 INTC
Bit 76543210
— — — —
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R/W R/W R/W R R/W R/W R/W
IRQ2
0 Served by CPU
1 Served by DTC
IRQ5
0 Served by CPU
1 Served by DTC
IRQ3
0 Served by CPU
1 Served by DTC
IRQ4
0 Served by CPU
1 Served by DTC
DTEA—Data Transfer Enable Register A H'FF08 INTC
Bit 76543210
——— ———
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R/W R/W R/W R R/W R/W R/W
IRQ0
0 Served by CPU
1 Served by DTC
IRQ1
0 Served by CPU
1 Served by DTC
IPRF—Interrupt Priority Register F H'FF05 INTC
Bit 76543210
— —
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R/W R/W R/W R R/W R/W R/W
A/D interrupt
priority level (0 to 7) Unused
431
DTEC—Data Transfer Enable Register C H'FF0A INTC
Bit 76543210
— —
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R/W R/W R/W R R/W R/W R/W
ICI1
0 Served by CPU
1 Served by DTC
OCIA1
0 Served by CPU
1 Served by DTC
OCIB1
0 Served by CPU
1 Served by DTC
(FRT1) (FRT2)
ICI2
0 Served by CPU
1 Served by DTC
OCIA2
0 Served by CPU
1 Served by DTC
OCIB2
0 Served by CPU
1 Served by DTC
432
DTED—Data Transfer Enable Register D H'FF0B INTC
Bit 76543210
— — —
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R/W R/W R/W R R/W R/W R/W
OCIA3
0 Served by CPU
1 Served by DTC
ICI3
0 Served by CPU
1 Served by DTC
OCIB3
0 Served by CPU
1 Served by DTC
(FRT3) (8-Bit timer)
CMIA
0 Served by CPU
1 Served by DTC
CMIB
0 Served by CPU
1 Served by DTC
433
DTEE—Data Transfer Enable Register E H'FF0C INTC
Bit 76543210
— — —
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R/W R/W R/W R R/W R/W R/W
RXI2
0 Served by CPU
1 Served by DTC
RXI1
0 Served by CPU
1 Served by DTC
TXI2
0 Served by CPU
1 Served by DTC
TXI1
0 Served by CPU
1 Served by DTC
(SCI1) (SCI2)
DTEF—Data Transfer Enable Register F H'FF0D INTC
Bit 76543210
——— ————
Initial value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Read/Write R R/W R/W R/W R R/W R/W R/W
ADI
0 Served by CPU
1 Served by DTC
(A/D converter)
434
WCR—Wait-State Control Register H'FF10 WSC
Bit 76543210
— — — — WMS1 WMS0 WC1 WC0
Initial value 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
Read/Write — — — — R/W R/W R/W R/W
Wait Count 1 and 0
0 0 No wait states (TW)
are inserted.
0 1 1 Wait states are inserted.
1 0 2 Wait states are inserted.
1 1 3 Wait state is inserted.
Wait Mode Select 1 and 0
0 0 Programmable wait mode
0 1 No wait states are inserted,
regardless of the wait count.
1 0 Pin wait mode
1 1 Pin auto-wait mode
RAMCR—RAM Control Register H'FF11 RAM
Bit 76543210
RAME———————
Initial value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W — — — — — — —
RAM Enable
0 On-chip RAM is disabled.
1 On-chip RAM is enabled.
435
MDCR—Mode Control Register H'FF12
Bit 76543210
— — — — — MDS2 MDS1 MDS0
Initial value 1 1 0 0 0 —*—*—*
Read/Write — — — — — R R R
Mode Select
Value input at mode pins
* Initialized according to the inputs at pins MD2, MD1, and MD0.
SBYCR—Software Standby Control Register H'FF13
Bit 76543210
SSBY———————
Initial value 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/W — — — — — — —
Software Standby
0 SLEEP instruction causes transition to sleep mode.
1 SLEEP instruction causes transition to software standby mode.
RSTCSR—Reset Status/Control Register H'FF15 WDT
Bit 76543210
WRST RSTOE — — — — — —
Initial value 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
Read/Write R/(W)*R/W——————
Watchdog Timer Reset
0 Cleared from 1 to 0 by software, or by a Low input at the RES pin.
1 Set to 1 when TCNT overflows and a reset signal is generated.
Reset Output Enable
0 The reset signal is not output externally.
1 The reset signal is output externally.
* Software can write a 0 in bit 7 to clear the flag but cannot write a 1.
436
Appendix C I/O Port Schematic Diagrams
C.1 Schematic Diagram of Port 1
Figure C-1 (a) to (g) gives a schematic view of the port 1 input/output circuits.
Table C-1 (a) Port 1 Port Read (Pin P10)
Setting Port Read Data
DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 ø
C
R
Q D
P1 DDR
0
WP1D
Reset WP1D:
RP1: Write to P1DDR
Read Port 1
Internal data bus (PDB8)
P10ø
RP1
C
R
Q D
P1 DDR
1
WP1D
Reset WP1D:
RP1: Write to P1DDR
Read Port 1
Internal data bus (PDB9)
P11E
RP1
Figure C-1 (a) Schematic Diagram of Port 1, Pin P10
Figure C-1 (b) Schematic Diagram of Port 1, Pin P11
437
Table C-1 (b) Port 1 Port Read (Pin P11)
Setting Port Read Data
DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 E
Table C-1 (c) Port 1 Port Read (Pin P12)
Mode Setting Port Read Data
1, 2, 3, 4 BRLE = 1 DR value
BRLE = 0 DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
7 DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
RP1
BRLE
BACK
Q
System control
register 1, bit 3
Mode 1, 2, 3,
or 4
WP1
C
R
Q D
P1 DR
2
C
R
Q D
P1 DDR
2
WP1D
Reset
Reset WP1D:
WP1:
RP1:
Write to P1DDR
Write to Port 1
Read Port 1
Internal data bus (PDB10)
P12
Figure C-1 (c) Schematic Diagram of Port 1, Pin P12
438
Table C-1 (d) Port 1 Port Read (Pin P13)
Mode Setting Port Read Data
1, 2, 3, 4 BRLE = 1 Pin value
BRLE = 0 DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
7 DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
RP1
BREQ to CPU
P13
BRLE
Q
System control
register 1, bit 3
Mode 1, 2, 3,
or 4
WP1
C
R
Q D
P1 DR
3
C
R
Q D
P1 DDR
3
Reset
Reset WP1D:
WP1:
RP1:
Write to P1DDR
Write to Port 1
Read Port 1
Internal data bus (PDB11)
WP1D
Figure C-1 (d) Schematic Diagram of Port 1, Pin P13
439
Table C-1 (e) Port 1 Port Read (Pin P14)
Mode Setting Port Read Data
1, 2, 3, 4 WMS 1 = 1 Pin value
WMS 1 = 0 DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
7 DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
RP1
WAIT to CPU
P14
Fig. C-1 (d)
WMS1
Q
Wait-state control
register, bit 3
Mode 1, 2, 3,
or 4
WP1
C
R
Q D
P1 DR
4
C
R
Q D
P1 DDR
4
Reset
Reset WP1D:
WP1:
RP1:
Write to P1DDR
Write to Port 1
Read Port 1
Internal data bus (PDB12)
WP1D
Figure C-1 (e) Schematic Diagram of Port 1, Pin P14
440
Table C-1 (f) Port 1 Port Read (Pin P15)
Setting Port Read Data
IRQ0E = 1 Pin value
IRQ0E = 0 DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
RP1
IRQ to CPU
P15
IRQ E
Q
System control
register 1, bit 5
WP1
C
R
Q D
P1 DR
5
C
R
Q D
P1 DDR
5
Reset
Reset WP1D:
WP1:
RP1:
Write to P1DDR
Write to Port 1
Read Port 1
Internal data bus (PDB13)
WP1D
0
0
Figure C-1 (f) Schematic Diagram of Port 1, Pin P15
441
Table C-1 (g) Port 1 Port Read (Pin P16)
Setting Port Read Data
TRGE or IRQ1E = 1 Pin value
TRGE and IRQ1E = 0 DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
RP1
IRQ to CPU
P16
IRQ E
Q
System control
register 1, bit 6
WP1
C
R
Q D
P1 DR
6
C
R
Q D
P1 DDR
6
Reset
Reset WP1D:
WP1:
RP1:
Write to P1DDR
Write to Port 1
Read Port 1
Internal data bus (PDB14)
WP1D
0
1
Falling edge
detector ADTRG to A/D converter
TRGE
Q
A/D control
register, bit 7
Figure C-1 (g) Schematic Diagram of Port 1, Pin P16
442
Table C-1 (h) Port 1 Port Read (Pin P17)
Setting Port Read Data
8-bit timer output enable 8-bit timer output value
8-bit timer DDR = 0 Pin value
output disable DDR = 1 DR value
RP1
P17
Fig. C-1 (g)
WP1 8-Bit timer module
Output enable
8-Bit timer output
WP1D:
WP1:
RP1:
Write to P1DDR
Write to Port 1
Read Port 1
Internal data bus (PDB15)
C
R
Q D
P1 DR
7
C
R
Q D
P1 DDR
7
Reset
Reset
WP1D
Figure C-1 (h) Schematic Diagram of Port 1, Pin P17
443
C.2 Schematic Diagram of Port 2
Figure C-2 gives a schematic view of the port 2 input/output circuits.
Table C-2 Port 2 Port Read
Mode Port Read Data
1, 2, 3, 4 DR value
7 DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
Fig. C-2
WP2D:
WP2:
RP2:
n:
Write to P2DDR
Write to Port 2
Read Port 2
0, 1, 2, 3, or 4
Internal data bus (PDB8 to PDB11)
Mode 1, 2, 3, or 4
Software standby
Bus release
Mode 7
Mode 1, 2, 3, or 4
RP2
Bus control signals
P2n
WP2
C
R
Q D
P2 DR
n
C
R
Q D
P2 DDR
n
Reset
WP2D
Reset
S
Figure C-2 Schematic Diagram of Port 2
444
C.3 Schematic Diagram of Port 3
Figure C-3 gives a schematic view of the port 3 input/output circuits.
Table C-3 Port 3 Port Read
Mode Port Read Data
1, 2, 3, 4 Always reads 1
7 DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
Internal data bus (PDB8 to PDB15)
WP3D:
WP3:
RP3:
n:
Write to P3DDR
Write to Port 3
Read Port 3
0 to 7
WP3D
C
R
Q D
P3 DR
n
C
R
Q D
P3 DDR
n
Reset
WP3
Reset
Data write
External address read
Mode 7
RP3
Mode 7
Mode 1, 2, 3, or 4
Mode 1, 2, 3, or 4
Mode 1, 2, 3,
or 4
P3n
Figure C-3 Schematic Diagram of Port 3
445
C.4 Schematic Diagram of Port 4
Figure C-4 gives a schematic view of the port 4 input/output circuits.
Table C-4 Port 4 Port Read
Mode Port Read Data
1, 2, 3, 4 DR value
7 DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
Fig. C-4
WP4D:
WP4:
RP4:
n:
Write to P4DDR
Write to Port 4
Read Port 4
0 to 7
Internal data bus (PDB8 to PDB15)
Mode 1, 2, 3, or 4
Software standby
Bus release
Mode 7
Mode 1, 2, 3, or 4
RP4
P4n
WP4
C
R
Q D
P4 DR
n
C
R
Q D
P4 DDR
n
Reset
WP4D
Reset
S
Internal address bus (IAB0 to IAB7)
Figure C-4 Schematic Diagram of Port 4
446
C.5 Schematic Diagram of Port 5
Figure C-5 gives a schematic view of the port 5 input/output circuits.
Table C-5 Port 5 Port Read
Mode Port Read Data
1, 3 DR value
2, 4, 7 DDR = 0Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
Fig. C-5
WP5D:
WP5:
RP5:
n:
Write to P5DDR
Write to Port 5
Read Port 5
0 to 7
Internal data bus (PDB8 to PDB15)
Mode 1 or 3
Software standby
Bus release
Mode 7
Mode 1, 2, 3, or 4
RP5
P5n
WP5
C
R
Q D
P5 DR
n
C
R
Q D
P5 DDR
n
Reset
WP5D
Reset
S
Internal address bus (IAB8 to IAB15)
MOS
pull-up
Mode 1, 2, 3, or 4
Figure C-5 Schematic Diagram of Port 5
447
C.6 Schematic Diagram of Port 6
Figure C-6 gives a schematic view of the port 6 input/output circuits.
Table C-6 (a) Port 6 Port Read (Pin P60)
Mode Port Read Data
3 DR value
1, 2, 4, 7 IRQ2E = 0 DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
IRQ2E = 1 Pin value
WP6D:
WP6:
RP6:
Write to P6DDR
Write to Port 6
Read Port 6
Internal data bus (PDB8)
Mode 3
Bus release
Mode 1, 2, or 7
Mode 3 or 4
RP6
P60
WP6
C
R
Q D
P6 DR
0
C
R
Q D
P6 DDR
0
Reset
WP6D
Reset
S
Internal address bus (IAB16)
MOS
pull-up
Mode 3 or 4
Software
standby
IRQ to CPU2
Falling edge
detector
Mode 3
Mode 4
Q
System control
register 2, Bit 3
IRQ E
2
Figure C-6 (a) Schematic Diagram of Port 6, Pin P60
448
Table C-6 (b) Port 6 Port Read (Pin P61to P63)
Mode and Setting Port Read Data
3 DR value
4 DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
1, 2, 7 IRQnE = 1 Pin value
IRQnE = 0 P6PWME = 1 PWM output enable PWM output value
Other than the DDR = 0 Pin value
above settings DDR = 1 DR value
WP6D:
WP6:
RP6:
n:
Write to P6DDR
Write to Port 6
Read Port 6
1, 2, or 3
Internal data bus (PDB9 to PDB11)
Mode 3
Bus release
Mode 3, 4
RP6
P6n
WP6
C
R
Q D
P6 DR
n
C
R
Q D
P6 DDR
n
Reset
WP6D
Reset
S
Internal address bus (IAB17 to IAB19)
MOS
pull-up
Mode 3 or 4
Software
standby
IRQ , IRQ , IRQ to CPU3
Falling edge
detector
Mode 3
Mode 4
Q
System control
register 2
IRQ E to
3
4 5
Q
P6PWME
IRQ E
5
Bit 2
Bit 6, 5, or 4
PWM timer module
PWM1, PWM2,
or PWM3
output enable
PWM1, PWM2,
or PWM3 output
Figure C-6 (b) Schematic Diagram of Port 6, Pin P61to P63
449
C.7 Schematic Diagram of Port 7
Figure C-7 (a) to (e) gives a schematic view of the port 7 input/output circuits.
Table C-7 (a) Port 7 Port Read (Pin P70)
Setting Port Read Data
DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
RP7
P70
Fig. C-7 (a)
WP7
8-Bit timer module
Input clock
WP7D:
WP7:
RP7:
Write to P7DDR
Write to Port 7
Read Port 7
Internal data bus (PDB8)
C
R
Q D
P7 DR
0
C
R1
Q D
P7 DDR
0
Reset
Reset
WP7D
Figure C-7 (a) Schematic Diagram of Port 7, Pin P70
450
Table C-7 (b) Port 7 Port Read (Pins P71, P72)
Setting Port Read Data
DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
RP7
P7n
WP7 Free-running timer module
Counter clock output
WP7D:
WP7:
RP7:
n:
Write to P7DDR
Write to Port 7
Read Port 7
1 or 2
Internal data bus (PDB9 to 10)
C
R
Q D
P7 DR
n
C
R1
Q D
P7 DDR
n
Reset
Reset
WP7D
Output enable
Output Compare signal
Figure C-7 (b) Schematic Diagram of Port 7, Pins P71and P72
451
Table C-7 (c) Port 7 Port Read (Pin P73)
Setting Port Read Data
DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
RP7
P73
Fig. C-7 (c)
WP7
8-Bit timer module
Counter reset input
WP7D:
WP7:
RP7:
Write to P7DDR
Write to Port 7
Read Port 7
Internal data bus (PDB11)
C
R
Q D
P7 DR
3
C
R1
Q D
P7 DDR
3
Reset
Reset
WP7D
Free-running timer module
Input capture signal
Figure C-7 (c) Schematic Diagram of Port 7, Pin P73
452
Table C-7 (d) Port 7 Port Read (Pins P74to P76)
Setting Port Read Data
Output enable Output compare output value
Output disable DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
RP7
P7n
WP7 Free-running timer module
WP7D:
WP7:
RP7:
n:
Write to P7DDR
Write to Port 7
Read Port 7
4, 5 or 6
Internal data bus (PDB12 to PDB14)
C
R
Q D
P7 DR
n
C
R
Q D
P7 DDR
n
Reset
Reset
WP7D
Input capture signal
Figure C-7 (d) Schematic Diagram of Port 7, Pins P74, P75and P76
453
Table C-7 (e) Port 7 Port Read (Pin P77)
Setting Port Read Data
Output enable Output compare output value
Output disable DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
RP7
P77
Fig. C-7 (e)
WP7 Free-running timer module
Output enable
Output compare output
WP7D:
WP7:
RP7:
Write to P7DDR
Write to Port 7
Read Port 7
Internal data bus (PDB15)
C
R
Q D
P7 DR
7
C
R1
Q D
P7 DDR
7
Reset
Reset
WP7D
Figure C-7 (e) Schematic Diagram of Port 7, Pin P77
454
C.8 Schematic Diagram of Port 8
Figure C-8 gives a schematic view of the port 8 input circuits.
P8n
Fig. C-8
RP8
RP8:
n: Read Port 8
0 to 7
A/D converter module
Input multiplexer
Internal data bus
(PDB8 to PDB15)
Figure C-8 Schematic Diagram of Port 8
455
C.9 Schematic Diagram of Port 9
Figure C-9 (a) to (g) gives a schematic view of the port 9 input/output circuits.
Table C-9 (a) Port 9 Port Read (Pins P90, P91)
Setting Port Read Data
Output enable Output compare output value
Output disable DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
RP9
P9n
Fig. C-9 (a)
WP9 Free-running timer module
Output enable
Output compare output
WP9D:
WP9:
RP9:
n:
Write to P9DDR
Write to Port 9
Read Port 9
0 or 1
Internal data bus (PDB8, PDB9)
C
R
Q D
P9 DR
n
C
R
Q D
P9 DDR
n
Reset
Reset
WP9D
Figure C-9 (a) Schematic Diagram of Port 9, Pins P90and P91
456
Table C-9 (b) Port 9 Port Read (Pin P92)
Setting Port Read Data (Pin P92)
Port 9 Port 9 SCI2 output enable Serial transmit data value
SCI2 PWM SCI2 output disable DDR = 0 Pin value
enable disable DDR = 1 DR value
Port 9 Port 9 PWM output enable PWM1 output value
SCI2 PWM PWM output disable DDR = 0 Pin value
disable enalbe DDR = 1 DR value
Port 9 Port 9 PWM and SCI2 DDR = 0 Pin value
SCI2 PWM output either enabled DDR = 1 DR value
disable disable or disabled
Port 9 Port 9 DDR = 0 Pin value
SCI2 PWM DDR = 1 DR value
enable enable
RP9
P92
WP9 PWM timer module
PWM output enable
PWM1 output
WP9D:
WP9:
RP9:
Write to P9DDR
Write to Port 9
Read Port 9
Internal data bus (PDB10)
C
R
Q D
P9 DR
2
C
R
Q D
P9 DDR
2
Reset
Reset
WP9D
SCI2 module
Serial transmit data
SCI2 output enable
Q
System control register 2
P9PWME
Bit 1
Q
System control register 2
P9SCI2E
Bit 0
Figure C-9 (b) Schematic Diagram of Port 9, Pin P92
457
Table C-9 (c) Port 9 Port Read (Pin P93)
Setting Port Read Data (Pin P93)
Port 9 Port 9 SCI2 input enable Serial receive data value
SCI2 PWM SCI2 input disable DDR = 0 Pin value
enable disable DDR = 1 DR value
Port 9 Port 9 PWM output enable PWM2 output value
SCI2 PWM PWM output disable DDR = 0 Pin value
disable enalbe DDR = 1 DR value
Port 9 Port 9 PWM and SCI2 DDR = 0 Pin value
SCI2 PWM input either enabled DDR = 1 DR value
disable disable or disabled
Port 9 Port 9 DDR = 0 Pin value
SCI2 PWM DDR = 1 DR value
enable enable
RP9
P93
WP9
PWM output enable
PWM2 output
WP9D:
WP9:
RP9:
Write to P9DDR
Write to Port 9
Read Port 9
Internal data bus (PDB11)
C
R
Q D
P9 DR
3
C
R
Q D
P9 DDR
3
Reset
Reset
WP9D
SCI2 module
Serial receive data
SCI2 input enable
System control register 2
System control register 2
Q
P9PWME
Bit 1
Q
P9SCI2E
Bit 0
PWM timer module
Figure C-9 (c) Schematic Diagram of Port 9, Pin P93
458
Table C-9 (d) Port 9 Port Read (Pin P94)
Setting Port Read Data (Pin P94)
Port 9 Port 9 Clock input enable Input clock value
SCI2 PWM Clock output enable Output clock value
enable disable Clock input and output disable DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
Port 9 Port 9 Clock input, clock output, and PWM DDR = 0 Pin value
SCI2 PWM output enabled or disabled DDR = 1 DR value
enable enalbe
Port 9 PWM output enable PWM3 output value
SCI2 PWM output disable DDR = 0 Pin value
disable DDR = 1 DR value
Port 9 Port 9 Clock input, clock output, and PWM DDR = 0 Pin value
SCI2 PWM output either enabled or disabled DDR = 1 DR value
disable disable
RP9
P94
WP9 PWM timer module
PWM output enable
PWM3 output
WP9D:
WP9:
RP9:
Write to P9DDR
Write to Port 9
Read Port 9
Internal data bus (PDB12)
C
R
Q D
P9 DR
4
C
R
Q D
P9 DDR
4
Reset
Reset
WP9D
SCI2 module
Clock output
Clock output enable
System control register 2
System control register 2
Q
P9PWME
Bit 1
Q
P9SCI2E
Bit 0
Clock input enable
Clock input
Figure C-9 (d) Schematic Diagram of Port 9, Pin P94
459
Table C-9 (e) Port 9 Port Read (Pin P95)
Setting Port Read Data
Output enable Serial transfer data
Output disable DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
RP9
P95
WP9 SCI1 module
Output enable
Serial transfer data
WP9D:
WP9:
RP9:
Write to P9DDR
Write to Port 9
Read Port 9
Internal data bus (PDB13)
C
R
Q D
P9 DR
5
C
R
Q D
P9 DDR
5
Reset
Reset
WP9D
Figure C-9 (e) Schematic Diagram of Port 9, Pin P95
460
Table C-9 (f) Port 9 Port Read (Pin P96)
Setting Port Read Data
Output enable Serial transfer data
Output disable DDR = 0 Pin value
DDR = 1 DR value
RP9
P96
WP9
SCI1 module
Input enable
WP9D:
WP9:
RP9:
Write to P9DDR
Write to Port 9
Read Port 9
Internal data bus (PDB14)
C
R
Q D
P9 DR
6
C
R
Q D
P9 DDR
6
Reset
Reset
WP9D
Serial receive data
Figure C-9 (f) Schematic Diagram of Port 9, Pin P96
461
Table C-9 (g) Port 9 Port Read (Pin P97)
Setting Port Read Data
Clock input enable Input clock value
Clock output enable Output clock value
Clock input/output DDR = 0 Pin value
enable DDR = 1 DR value
RP9
P97
WP9
SCI1 module
Clock input enable
WP9D:
WP9:
RP9:
Write to P9DDR
Write to Port 9
Read Port 9
Internal data bus (PDB15)
C
R
Q D
P9 DR
7
C
R
Q D
P9 DDR
7
Reset
Reset
WP9D
Clock output enable
Clock output
Clock input
Figure C-9 (g) Schematic Diagram of Port 9, Pin P97
462
Expanded Minimum Mode Expanded Maximum Mode Single-Chip Mode
Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4 Mode 7
Vector tables
External
memory
On-chip RAM
2 kbytes
Register field
384 bytes
Vector tables
On-chip ROM
32 kbytes
External
memory
On-chip RAM
2 kbytes
Register field
384 bytes
Vector tables
External
memory
On-chip RAM
2 kbytes
Register field
384 bytes
External
memory
Vector tables
On-chip ROM
32 kbytes
External
memory
On-chip RAM
2 kbytes
Register field
384 bytes
External
memory
Vector tables
On-chip ROM
32 kbytes
H'0000
H'00FF
H'0100
H'F67F
H'F680
H'FE7F
H'FE80
H'FFFF
H'0000
H'00FF
H'0100
H'7FFF
H'8000
Page 0
H'F67F
H'F680
H'FE7F
H'FE80
H'FFFF
H'00000
H'001FF
H'00200
Page 0
H'0F67F
H'0F680
H'0FE7F
H'0FE80
H'0FFFF
H'10000
H'1FFFF
H'F0000
H'FFFFF
H'00000
H'001FF
H'00200
H'07FFF
H'08000
Page 0
H'0F67F
H'0F680
H'0FE7F
H'0FE80
H'0FFFF
H'10000
Page 1
H'1FFFF
H'F0000
Page 15
H'FFFFF
H'0000
H'00FF
H'0100
H'7FFF
Page 0
H'F680
H'FE7F
H'FE80
H'FFFF
Page 1
Page 15
Page 0
On-chip RAM
2 kbytes
Register field
384 bytes
Appendix D Memory Maps
Table D-1 H8/534 Memory Map
Expanded Minimum Mode Expanded Maximum Mode Single-Chip Mode
Mode 1 Mode 2 (Preliminary) Mode 3 Mode 4 Mode 7
Vector tables
External
memory
On-chip RAM
2 kbytes
Register field
384 bytes
Vector tables
On-chip ROM
60 kbytes
(Reserved)*
On-chip RAM
2 kbytes
Register field
384 bytes
Vector tables
External
memory
On-chip RAM
2 kbytes
Register field
384 bytes
External
memory
Vector tables
On-chip ROM
62 kbytes
On-chip RAM
2 kbytes
Register field
384 bytes
External
memory
Vector tables
On-chip ROM
62 kbytes
On-chip RAM
2 kbytes
Register field
384 bytes
H'0000
H'00FF
H'0100
H'F67F
H'F680
H'FE7F
H'FE80
H'FFFF
H'0000
H'00FF
H'0100
H'EE7F
Page 0 H'EE80
H'F67F
H'F680
H'FE7F
H'FE80
H'FFFF
H'00000
H'001FF
H'00200
Page 0
H'0F67F
H'0F680
H'0FE7F
H'0FE80
H'0FFFF
H'10000
H'1FFFF
H'F0000
H'FFFFF
H'00000
H'001FF
H'00200
Page 0
H'0F67F
H'0F680
H'0FE7F
H'0FE80
H'0FFFF
H'10000
Page 1
H'1FFFF
H'F0000
Page 15
H'FFFFF
H'0000
H'00FF
H'0100
Page 0
H'F67F
H'F680
H'FE7F
H'FE80
H'FFFF
Page 1
Page 15
Page 0
*: Reserved for future use as
external address space
Table D-2 H8/536 Memory Map
Appendix E Pin States
E.1 Port State of Each Pin State
Table E-1 Port State
Hardware
Port Standby Software Bus Program Execution
Pin Name Mode Reset Mode Standby Mode Sleep Mode Release Mode State (Normal Operation)
P17to P121 Input/output port or
TMO, IRQ1, IRQ02 control signal Input/
WAIT, BREQ, 3 T T keep*1keep*3keep*4output
BACK 4
7 keep*2keep —— Input/output port
P11/E 1 (DDR = 1) (DDR = 1) (DDR = 1) (DDR = 1)
P10/ø 2 Clock ø = H Clock output Clock output Clock output
3 output T E = L (DDR = 0) (DDR = 0) (DDR = 0)
4 (DDR = 0) T T Input port
7 T ——
P24to P201 WR, RD, DS,
WR, RD, DS, 2 H T H T R/W, AS
R/W, AS 3
4
7 T keep keep —— Input/output port
P37to P301
D7to D02 TTTD7to D0
3 T T
4
7 keep keep —— Input/output port
P47to P401
A7to A02 L T L T A7to A0
3 T
4
7 T keep keep —— Input/output port
P57to P501 L T L T A15 to A8
A15 to A82 T T*6*5T*6
Address bus or input port
3 L T T L T A15 to A8
4 T T*6*5T*6Address bus or input port
7 keep keep —— Input/output port
(Continued on next page)
465
Table E-1 Port State (cont)
Hardware
Port Standby Software Bus Program Execution
Pin Name Mode Reset Mode Standby Mode Sleep Mode Release Mode State (Normal Operation)
P63to P601
A19 to A16 2 T
3 L T T L T A19 to A16
4 T T*6*5T*6Address bus or input port
7 keep keep —— Input/output port
P77to P701
2
3 T T keep*2keep keep Input/output port
4
7
P87to P801
2
3 T T T T T Input port
4
7
P97to P901
2
3 T T keep*2keep keep Input/output port
4
7
H: High logic level
L: Low logic level
T: High-Impedance state
keep: Input ports are in the high-impedance state. Output ports hold their previous output values.
If DDR = 0 and DR = 1 in ports 5 and 6, the MOS pull-ups remain on.
*1 The on-chip supporting modules are reset, so P17becomes an input or output port controlled by
DDR and DR. If P12is programmed for BACK output, it goes to the high-impedance state.
*2 The on-chip supporting modules are reset, so these pins become input or output ports controlled
by DDR and DR.
*3 BREQ can be received. BACK is High.
*4 BACK is Low.
*5 Address outputs are Low. Input ports are in the high-impedance state, or the MOS pull-ups are
on.
*6 Pins used as input ports with the MOS pull-up on (DDR = 0, DR = 1) do not go to the high-
impedance state. The MOS pull-up remains on.
keep keep keep Input/output port
466
Table E-2 MOS Pull-Up State
Port Mode Reset Hardware Standby Mode Other Operating States*
P57to P501 OFF OFF OFF
A15 to A82 ON/OFF
3 OFF
4 ON/OFF
7
P63to P601 OFF OFF ON/OFF
A19 to A16 2
3 OFF
4 ON/OFF
7
Notes
OFF: The MOS pull-up is always OFF.
ON/OFF: The MOS pull-up is on when DDR = 0 and DR = 1, and is off at other times.
*Including software standby mode.
467
E.2 Pin States in Reset State
1. Mode 1
Figure E-1 shows how the pin states change when the RES pin goes Low during external memory
access in mode 1.
As soon as RES goes Low, all ports are initialized to the input (high-impedance) state. The AS,
DS, RD, and WR signals all go High. The data bus (D7to D0) is placed in the high-impedance
state.
The address bus and the R/W signal are initialized 1.5 ø clock periods after the Low state of the
RES pin is sampled. All address bus signals are made Low. The R/W signal is made High.
The clock output pins P10/ø and P11/E are initialized 0.5 ø clock periods after the Low state of the
RES pin is sampled. Both pins are initialized to the output state.
468
2. Mode 2
Figure E-4 shows how the pin states change when the RES pin goes Low during external memory
access in mode 2.
As soon as RES goes Low, all ports are initialized to the input (high-impedance) state. The AS,
DS, RD, and WR signals all go High. The data bus (D7to D0) is placed in the high-impedance
state. Pins P57/A15 to P50/A8of the address bus are initialized as input ports.
A to A15 0
RES
P1 / ø*
0
Internal reset signal
R/W
AS, RD and DS (read)
WR and DS (write)
D to D (write)7 0
I/O ports
High impedance
High impedance
H’0000
External memory access
T1T2T3
The dotted line indicates that P1 /ø is an input port if the corresponding DDR bit is 0,
but a clock output pin if the DDR bit is 1.
*
Figure E-1 Reset during Memory Access (Mode 1)
469
Pins A7to A0of the address bus and the R/W signal are initialized 1.5 ø clock periods after the
Low state of the RES pin is sampled. Pins A7to A0are made Low. The R/W signal is made High.
The clock output pins P10/ø and P11/E are initialized 0.5 ø clock periods after the Low state of the
RES pin is sampled. Both pins are initialized to the output state.
High impedance
H’00
T1T2T3
External memory access
High impedance
High impedance
RES
P1 / ø*
0
Internal reset signal
R/W
AS, RD and DS (read)
WR and DS (write)
D to D (write)7 0
I/O ports
A to A7 0
P5 /A to P5 /A7 15 0 8
The dotted line indicates that P1 /ø is an input port if the corresponding DDR bit is 0,
but a clock output pin if the DDR bit is 1.
*0
Figure E-2 Reset during Memory Access (Mode 2)
470
3. Mode 3
Figure E-4 shows how the pin states change when the RES pin goes Low during external memory
access in mode 3.
As soon as RES goes Low, all ports are initialized to the input (high-impedance) state. The AS,
DS, RD, and WR signals all go High. The data bus (D7to D0) is placed in the high-impedance
state.
The address bus and the R/W signal are initialized 1.5 ø clock periods after the Low state of the
RES pin is sampled. All address bus signals are made Low. The R/W signal is made High.
The clock output pins P10/ø and P11/E are initialized 0.5 ø clock periods after the Low state of the
RES pin is sampled. Both pins are initialized to the output state.
471
4. Mode 4
Figure E-4 shows how the pin states change when the RES pin goes Low during external memory
access in mode 4.
As soon as RES goes Low, all ports are initialized to the input (high-impedance) state. The AS,
DS, RD, and WR signals all go High. The data bus (D7to D0) is placed in the high-impedance
state. Pins P57/A15 to P50/A8of the address bus and pins P63/A19 to P60/A16 of the page address
bus are initialized as input ports.
High impedance
High impedance
H’00000
T1T2
External memory
access
A to A19 0
RES
P1 / ø*
0
Internal reset signal
R/W
AS, RD and DS (read)
WR and DS (write)
D to D (write)7 0
I/O ports
The dotted line indicates that P1 /ø is an input port if the corresponding DDR bit is 0,
but a clock output pin if the DDR bit is 1.
*0
Figure E-3 Reset during Memory Access (Mode 3)
472
Pins A7to A0of the address bus and the R/W signal are initialized 1.5 ø clock periods after the
Low state of the RES pin is sampled. Pins A7to A0are made Low. The R/W signal is made
High.
The clock output pins P10/ø and P11/E are initialized 0.5 ø clock periods after the Low state of the
RES pin is sampled. Both pins are initialized to the output state.
T1T2T3T1
H’00
High impedance
High impedance
High impedance
RES
P1 / ø*
0
Internal reset signal
R/W
AS, RD and DS (read)
WR and DS (write)
D to D (write)7 0
I/O ports
A to A
7 0
P6 /A to P6 /A and3 19 0 16
P5 /A to P5 /A7 15 0 8
The dotted line indicates that P1 /ø is an input port if the corresponding DDR bit is 0,
but a clock output pin if the DDR bit is 1.
*0
Figure E-4 Reset during Memory Access (Mode 4)
473
5. Mode 7
Figure E-5 shows how the pin states change when the RES pin goes Low in mode 7.
As soon as RES goes Low, all ports are initialized to the input (high-impedance) state.
The clock output pins P10/ø and P11/E are initialized 0.5 ø clock periods after the Low state of the
RES pin is sampled. Both pins are initialized to the output state.
High impedance
RES
P1 / ø*
0
Internal reset signal
I/O ports
P1 / E*
0
The dotted line indicates that P1 /ø and P1 /E are input ports if the corresponding DDR
bit is 0, but clock output pins if the DDR bit is 1.
*0 0
Figure E-5 Reset during Memory Access (Mode 7)
474
Appendix F Timing of Transition to and Recovery from
Hardware Standby Mode
Timing of Transition to Hardware Standby Mode
(1) To retain RAM contents when the RAME bit in RAMCR is set to 1, drive the RES signal line
low 10 system clock cycles before the STBY signal, at a time when RAM is not being
accessed.
(2) When the RAME bit in RAMCR is cleared to 0, or when it is not necessary to retain RAM
contents, RES need not be driven low as in (1).
Timing of Exit from Hardware Standby Mode
Drive the RES signal line low approximately 100 ns before the rise of the STBY signal.
RES
STBY
t 10 t1 cyc≥
Fig. p437 Upper
t 0 ns
2≥
RES
STBY
t 100 ns tOSC
Fig. p437 Lower
≤
475
Appendix G Package Dimensions
Figure G-1 shows the dimensions of the CP-84 package. Figure G-2 shows the dimensions of the
CG-84 package. Figure G-3 shows the dimensions of the FP-80A package.
1.27
0.42 ± 0.10
29.28
28.20 ± 0.50
28.20 ± 0.50
4.40 ± 0.20
2.55 ± 0.15
0.10
30.23 ± 0.12
53
33
54
74
75
84
1
11
12 32
30.23 ± 0.12
0.75
29.21 ± 0.38
2.16 1.27
12 32
11 33
1
84
75 53
74 54
1.27
0.635 4.03 Max
φ
d
Figure G-1 Package Dimensions (CP-84)
Figure G-2 Package Dimensions (CG-84)
476
60
0 – 5 °
0.10
0.12 M
17.2 ± 0.3
41
61
80 120
40
21
17.2 ±0.3
0.30 ±0.10
0.65
3.05 Max
0.10
1.60
0.80 ± 0.30
14.0
2.70 +0.20
–0.16
0.17 +0.08
–0.05
Figure G-3 Package Dimensions (FP-80A)
0.10 M
0.10
0.50 ± 0.10
0 – 5°
1.20 Max
0.00 Min
0.20 Max
14.0 ± 0.2
0.50
12.0
14.0 ± 0.2
60 41
1 20
80
61
21
40
0.17 ± 0.05
1.00
0.20 ± 0.05
Figure G-4 Package Dimensions (TFP-80C)
477
