Data Sheet, V 1.0, July 2008
TLE4998P3
TLE4998P4
Programmable Linear Hall Sensor
Sensors
Never stop thinking.
Edition 2008-07
Published by Infineon Techn ologies AG,
Am Campeon 1-12,
85579 Neubiberg, Germany
© Infineon Technologies AG 2008.
All Rights Reserved.
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characteristics.
Terms of delivery and rights to technical change reserved.
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circuits, descri ptions and charts stated herein.
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Template: mc_a5_ds_tmplt.fm / 4 / 2004-09-15
TLE4998P3
TLE4998P4
Revision History: 2008-07 V 1.0
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TLE4998P
Data Sheet 4 V 1.0, 2008-07
1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2 Target Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.3 Pin Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.1 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.2 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.3 Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.4 Transfer Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3 Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4 Operating Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
5 Electrical, Thermal and Magnetic Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Calculation of the Junction Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Magnetic Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
6 Signal Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Magnetic Field Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Temperature Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
6.1 Magnetic Field Ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
6.2 Gain Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
6.3 Offset Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
6.4 DSP Input Low Pass Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
6.5 Clamping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
6.6 PWM Output Fequency Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
7 Error Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
7.1 Voltages Outside the Operating Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
7.2 EEPROM Error Correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
8 Temperature Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
8.1 Parameter Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
9 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
9.1 Calibration Data Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
9.2 Programming Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
9.3 Data transfer protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
9.4 Programming of sensors with common supply lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
10 Application Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
11 Package Outlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Programmable Linear Hall Sensor
Data Sheet 5 V 1.0, 2008-07
TLE4998P3
TLE4998P4
PG-SSO-3-10
Type Marking Ordering Code Package
TLE4998P3 4998P3 SP412104 PG-SSO-3-10
TLE4998P4 4998P4 SP412106 PG-SSO-4-1
1 Overview
1.1 Features
• PWM open-drain output signal
• 20-bit Digital Signal Processing
• Digital temperature compensation
• 12-bit overall resolution
• Operates within automotive temperature range
• Low drift of output signal over temperature and lifetime
• Programmable parameters stored in EEPROM with
single bit error correction:
– PWM output frequency
– Magnetic range and magnetic sensitivity (gain),
polarity of the output slope
– Offset
– Bandwidth
– Clamping levels
– Customer temperature compensation coefficients
– Memory lock
• Re-programmable until memory lock
• Single supply voltage 4.5 - 5.5 V (4.1 - 16 V in
extended range)
• Operation between -200 mT and +200 mT within three ranges
• Reverse-polarity and overvoltage protection for all pins
• Output short-circuit protection
• On-board diagnostics (overvoltage, EEPROM error)
• Digital readout of the magnetic field and internal temperature in calibration mode
• Programming and operation of multiple sensors with common power supply
• Two-point calibration of magnetic transfer function without iteration steps
• High immunity against mechanical stress, EMC, ESD
TLE4998P
Overview
Data Sheet 6 V 1.0, 2008-07
1.2 Target Applications
• Robust replacement of potentiometers
– No mechanical abrasion
– Resistant to humidity, temperature, pollution and vibration
• Linear and angular position sensing in automotive applications such as pedal position,
suspension control, valve or throttle position, headlight levelling, and steering angle
• High-current sensing for battery management, motor control, and electronic fuses
1.3 Pin Configuration
Figure 1 and Figure 2 show the location of the Hall element in the chip and the distance
between the Hall probe and surface of the package.
Figure 1 TLE4998P3 Pin Configuration and Hall Cell Location
Table 1 TLE4998P3 Pin Definitions and Functions
Pin No. Symbol Function
1VDD Supply voltage / programming interface
2GND Ground
3OUT Output / programming interface
1
Center of
Hall Probe
23
AEP0371
7
0.38
±0.05
2.03
±0.1
1.625
±0.1
Hall-Probe
Branded Sid
e
TLE4998P
Overview
Data Sheet 7 V 1.0, 2008-07
Figure 2 TLE4998P4 Pin Configuration and Hall Cell Location
Table 2 TLE4998P4 Pin Definitions and Functions
Pin No. Symbol Function
1TST Test pin (connection to GND is recommended)
2VDD Supply voltage / programming interface
3GND Ground
4OUT Output / programming interface
AEP0365
4
PG-SSO-4-1: 0.3
d : Distance chip to branded side of
IC
mm
±0.08
Hall-Probe
Branded Side
d
2 3 41
Center of
sensitive area
2.67
1.53
BBA 0.2
A0.2
TLE4998P
General
Data Sheet 8 V 1.0, 2008-07
2General
2.1 Block Diagram
Figure 3 is a simplified block diagram.
Figure 3 Block Diagram
2.2 Functional Description
The linear Hall IC TLE4998P has been designed specifically to meet the requirements
of highly accurate rotation and position detection, as well as for current measurement
applications.
The sensor provides a digital PWM signal, which is ideally suited for direct decoding by
any unit measuring a duty cycle of a rectangular signal (usually a timer/capture unit in a
microcontroller). Furthermore, it is possible to attach an external lowpass filter, which
allows an A/D conversion using the sensor supply voltage as a reference.
The output stage is an open-drain driver pulling the output pad to low only. Therefore,
the high level must be obtained by an external pull-up resistor. This output type has the
advantage that the receiver may use even a lower supply voltage (e.g. 3.3 V). In this
case, the pull-up resistor must be connected to the given receiver supply.
spinning
HALL
Bias
A
D
DSP
A
D
Temp.
Sense
ROM
EEPROM Interface
OUT
VDD
GND
Supply
PWM
TST
*) TLE4998 P4 only
*)
TLE4998P
General
Data Sheet 9 V 1.0, 2008-07
The IC is produced in BiCMOS technology with high voltage capability, also providing
reverse polarity protection.
Digital signal processing, using a 16-bit DSP architecture together with digital
temperature compensation, guarantees excellent long-time stability as compared to
analog compensation methods.
While the overall resolution is 16 bits, some internal stages work with resolutions up to
20 bits.
The PWM output frequency can be selected within the range of 122 Hz up to 1953 Hz.
2.3 Principle of Operation
• A magnetic flux is measured by a Hall-Effect cell
• The output signal from the Hall-Effect cell is converted from Analog to Digital signals
• The chopped Hall-Effect cell and continuous-time A/D conversion ensure a very low
and stable magnetic offset
• A programmable Low-Pass filter reduces the noise
• The temperature is measured and A/D converted, too
• Temperature compensation is done digitally using a second order function
• Digital processing of output value is based on zero field and sensitivity value
• The output value range can be clamped by digital limiters
• The final output value is t ransferred in a rectangular, periodic signal wit h varying duty
cycle (Pulse Width Modulation)
• The duty cycle is proportional to the 12-bit output value
TLE4998P
General
Data Sheet 10 V 1.0, 2008-07
2.4 Transfer Functions
The examples in Figure 4 show how different magnetic field ranges can be mapped to
the desired output value ranges.
• Polarity mode:
–Bipolar: Magnetic fields can be measured in both orientations. The limit points
do not necessarily have to be symmetrical around the zero field point
–Unipolar: Only North- or South-oriented magnetic fields are measured
• Inversion: The gain values can be set positive or negative.
Figure 4 Examples of Operation
0
100
50
-50
100100
-100
100200
-200
duty (%)
V
OUT
V
OUT
00
B (mT) duty (%)
B (mT) duty (%)
B (mT)
000
Example 1:
- Bipolar Example 2:
- Unipolar
-Big offset
Example 3 :
- Bipolar
- Inver ted (neg. gain)
TLE4998P
Maximum Ratings
Data Sheet 11 V 1.0, 2008-07
3 Maximum Ratings
Note: Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause
permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in
the operational sections of this specification is not implied.
Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
Table 3 Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Notes
min. max.
Storage temperature TST - 40 150 °C
Junction temperature TJ- 40 1701)
1) For limited time of 96 h. Depends on customer temperature lifetime cycles. Plea se ask Infineon for support
°C
Voltage on VDD pin with
respect to ground VDD -18 18 V2)
2) Higher voltage stress than absolute maximum rating, e.g. 150% in latch-up tests is not applicable. In such
cases, Rseries ≥100Ω for current limitation is required
Supply current
@ overvoltage VDD max. IDDov -15 mA
Reverse supply current
@ VDD min. IDDrev -1 -mA
Voltage on output pin with
respect to ground OUT -13)
3) IDD can exceed 10 mA when the voltage on OUT is pulled below -1 V (-5 V at room temperature)
184)
4) VDD = 5 V, open drain permanent low, for max. 10 min
V
Magnetic field BMAX -unlimited T
ESD protection VESD -4.0 kV According HBM
JESD22-A114-B 5)
5) 100 pF and 1.5 kΩ
TLE4998P
Operating Range
Data Sheet 12 V 1.0, 2008-07
4 Operating Range
The following operating conditions must not be exceeded in order to ensure correct
operation of the TLE4998P. All parameters specified in the following sections refer to
these operating conditions, unless otherwise indicated.
Table 4 Operating Range
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Notes
min. max.
Supply voltag e VDD 4.5 5.5 V
4.11)
1) For reduced output accuracy
162)
2) For supply voltages > 12V, a series resistance Rseries ≥ 100Ω is recommended
VExtended Range
Output pull-up voltage3)
3) Required output protocol characteristics depend on these parameters, RL must be according to max. output
current
OUT -18 V
Load resistance3) RL1 - kΩ
Output current3) IOUT 0 5 mA
Load capacitance3) CL1 8 nF
Junction temperature TJ- 40 125
1504)
4) For reduced magnetic accuracy; extended limits are taken for characteristics
Note: Keeping signal levels within the limits specified in this table ensures operation
without overload conditions.
°C for 5000 h
for 1000 h not additive
TLE4998P
Electrical, Thermal and Magnetic Parameters
Data Sheet 13 V 1.0, 2008-07
5 Electrical, Thermal and Magnetic Parameters
Table 5 Electrical Characteristics
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Notes
min. typ. max.
PWM output frequency fPWM 122 -1953 Hz Programmable1)
1) Internal RC oscillator variation +/- 20%
Output duty cycle range DYPWM 0 - 100 %Programmable
Supply current IDD 3 6 8 mA
Output current @ OUT
shorted to supply lines IOUTsh -95 -mA VOUT = 5V, max. 10
minutes
Thermal resistance
TLE4998P3 RthJA -219 -K/W Junction to Air
RthJC -47 -K/W Junction to Case
Thermal resistance
TLE4998P4 RthJA -240 -K/W Junction to Air
RthJC -41 -K/W Junction to Case
Power-on time2)
2) Response time to set up output duty cycle at power-on when a constant field is applied (fPWM=1953Hz). The
first value given has a ± 5% error, the second value has a ± 1% error
tPon -0.7
15 2
20 ms
∆
DYPWM ≤ ± 5%
∆
DYPWM ≤ ± 1%
Power-on reset level VDDpon -3.6 4 V
Output impedance ZOUT 19 30 44 kΩ3)
3) VDD = 5V, open-drain high state, voltage on OUT pin typ. 84% of VDD
Output fall time tfall 2 - 4 µs VOUT 4.5 V to 0.5 V4)
4) For VDD = 5 V, RL = 2.2 kΩ, CL =4.7 nF
Output rise time trise -20 -µs VOUT 0.5 V to 4.5 V4)5)
5) Depends on external RL and CL
Output low saturation
voltage VOUTsat -0.3
0.2 0.6
0.4 V IOUTsink = 5 mA
IOUTsink = 2.2 mA
Output noise (rms) OUTnoise - 1 2.5 LSB12 6)
6) Range 100 mT, Gain 2.23, internal LP filter 244 Hz, B = 0mT, T = 25°C
V
OUT *)
V
DD
90% V
DD
10% V
DD
t
rise
t
t
fall *)
R
L
to V
DD
assumed
t
low
t
PWM
DY = t
high
/t
PWM
V
OUTsat
t
high
TLE4998P
Electrical, Thermal and Magnetic Parameters
Data Sheet 14 V 1.0, 2008-07
Calculation of the Junction Temperature
The total power dissipation PTOT of the chip increases its temperature above the ambient
temperature.
The power multiplied by the total thermal resistance RthJA (Junction to Ambient) leads
to the final junction temperature. RthJA is the sum of the addition of the values of the two
components Junction to Case and Case to Ambient.
RthJA = RthJC + RthCA
TJ = TA +
∆
T
∆
T = RthJA x PTOT = RthJA x ( VDD x IDD + VOUT x IOUT ) IDD , IOUT > 0, if direction is into IC
Example TLE4998P4 (assuming no load on Vout):
–VDD = 5 V
–IDD = 8 mA
–
∆
T = 240 [K/W] x (5 [V] x 0.008 [A] + 0 [VA] ) = 9.6 K
For moulded sensors, the calculation with RthJC is more adequate.
Magnetic Parameters
Table 6 Magnetic Characteristics
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Notes
min. typ. max.
Sensitivity S1)
1) Defined as ∆DYPWM / ∆B
± 0.2 -± 6%/mT 2)3)
2) Programmable in steps of 0.024%
3) @ VDD = 5V and TJ = 25°C
Temperature
coefficient of sensitivity TC -150 0150 ppm/
°C
4)
See Figure 5
4) For any 1st and 2nd order polynomial, coefficient within definition in chapter 8
Magnetic field range MFR ± 50 ± 1005) ± 200 mT Programmable 6)
Integral nonlinearity Inl - 0.1 -0.1 %MFR 7)9)
Magnetic offset BOS - 400 0400 µT8)9)
Magnetic offset drift ∆BOS - 5 - 5 µT / °C Error band 9)
Magnetic hysteresis BHYS 0 - 10 µT10)
TLE4998P
Electrical, Thermal and Magnetic Parameters
Data Sheet 15 V 1.0, 2008-07
Figure 5 Drift of temperature coefficient
5) This range is also used for temperature and offset pre-calibration of the IC
6) Depending on offset and gain settings, the output may already be saturated at lower fields
7) Gain setup is 1.0
8) In operating temperature range and over lifetime
9) Measured at ± 100 mT range
10) Measured in 100 mT range, Gain = 1, room temperature
∆S ~
S(T)/S
0
-1
T
j
∆S
0
max. pos.
TC-error
TC
max
= ∆S/∆T
max. neg.
TC-error
TC
min
= ∆S/∆T
T
0
T
min
T
max
0
TLE4998P
Signal Processing
Data Sheet 16 V 1.0, 2008-07
6 Signal Processing
The flow diagram in Figure 6 shows the data-processing algorithm.
Figure 6 Signal Processing Flow
Magnetic Field Path
• The analog output signal of the chopped Hall-effect cell is converted to a digit al signal
in the continuous-time A/D converter. The range of the chopped A/D co nverter can be
set in several steps (see Table 7). This gives a suitable level for the A/D converter
• After the A/D conversion, a digital-low pass filter reduces the band width (Table 11).
• A multiplier amplifies the value depending on the gain (see Table 9) and temperature
compensation settings
• The offset value is added (see Table 10)
• A limiter reduces the resulting signal to 12 bits and feeds the Protocol Generation
stage
Temperature Compensation
(Details are given in Chapter 8)
• The output signal of the temperature cell is also A/D converted
• The temperature is normalized by subtraction of the reference temperature T0 value
(zero point of the quadratic function)
Stored in
EEPR OM
Memory
+
X
A
D
Hall
Sensor
Limiter
(Clamp)
outX
Range LP
Offset
Gain
A
D
+
-T
0
TC
1
Temperature
Compensation
1
+
X
TC
2
X
X
Protocol
Generation
Temperature
Sensor
TLE4998P
Signal Processing
Data Sheet 17 V 1.0, 2008-07
• The linear path is multiplied by the TC1 value
• In the quadratic path, the temperature difference to T0 is squared and multiplied by the
TC2 value
• Both path outputs are added together and multiplied by the Gain value from the
EEPROM
6.1 Magnetic Field Ranges
The working range of the magnetic field defines the input range of the A/D converter. It
is always symmetrical around the zero field point. Any two points in the magnetic field
range can be selected to be the end points of the output value. The output value is
represented wihtin the range between the two points.
In the case of fields higher than the range values, the output signal may be distorted.
The range must be set before the calibration of offset and gain.
Table 7 Range Setting
Range Range in mT1)
1) Ranges do not have a guara nteed absolute accuracy. The temperature pre-calibration is performed i n the mid
range (100 mT). Setting R = 2 is not used, internally changed to R = 1
Parameter R
Low ± 50 3
Mid ± 100 1
High ± 200 0
Table 8 Range
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Notes
min. max.
Register size R2bit
TLE4998P
Signal Processing
Data Sheet 18 V 1.0, 2008-07
6.2 Gain Setting
The sensitivity is defined by the range and the gain setting. The output of the A/D
converter is multiplied by the Gain value.
The Gain value can be calculated by
:
6.3 Offset Setting
The offset value corresponds to an output value with zero field at the sensor.
The offset value can be calculated by:
Table 9Gain
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Notes
min. max.
Register size G15 bit Unsigned integer value
Gain range Gain - 4.0 3.9998 -1)2)
1) For Gain values between - 0.5 and + 0.5, the numerical accuracy decreases.
To obtain a flatter output curve, a higher range setting should be selected
2) A Gain value of +1.0 corresponds to typical 0.8%/mT sensitivity (100 mT range, not guaranteed). It is crucial
to do a final calibration of each IC within the application using the Gain/DYOS value
Gain quantization steps ∆Gain 244.14 ppm Corresponds to 1 / 4096
Table 10 Offset
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Notes
min. max.
Register size OS 15 bit Unsigned integer value
Offset range DYOS -400 399 %Virtual DYPWM 1)
1) Infineon pre-calibrates the samples at zero field to 50% duty cycle (1 00 mT range), but does not guarantee the
value. Therefore it is crucial to do a final calibration of each IC within the application
Offset quantization
steps ∆DYOS 0.024 %100% / 4096
Gain G 16384–()
4096
------------------------------
=
DYOS OS 16384–()
4096
--------------------------------- 100×=
TLE4998P
Signal Processing
Data Sheet 19 V 1.0, 2008-07
6.4 DSP Input Low Pass Filter
A digital low-pass filter is placed between the Hall A/D converter and the DSP an can be
to reduce the noise level. The low-pass filter has a constant DC amplification of 0 dB
(gain of 1), which means that its setting has no influence on the internal Hall A/D
converter value.
The bandwidth can be set in 8 steps.
Note: In range 7 (filter off), the output noise increases.
Table 11 Low-Pass Filter Setting
Note: Parameter LP Cutoff frequency in Hz (at -3 dB point)1)
1) As this is a digital filter running with an RC-based oscillator, the cutoff frequency may vary within ±20%
080
1240
2440
3640
4860
51100
61390
7off
Table 12 Low-Pass Filter
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Notes
min. max.
Register size LP 3bit
Corner frequency
variation ∆ f - 20 + 20 %
TLE4998P
Signal Processing
Data Sheet 20 V 1.0, 2008-07
Figure 7 shows the filter characteristics as a magnitude plot (highest setting is marked).
The “off” position would be a flat 0 dB line. The update rate after the low-pass filter is 16
kHz.
Figure 7 DSP Input Filter (Magnitude Plot)
101102103
0
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
M agni tude (dB)
Fr equency ( Hz)
TLE4998P
Signal Processing
Data Sheet 21 V 1.0, 2008-07
6.5 Clamping
The clamping function is useful for splitting the output voltage range into operating range
and error ranges. If the magnetic field is outside the selected measurement range, the
output value OUT is limited to the clamping values.
The clamping values are calculated by:
Clamping duty cycle low (deactivated if CL=0):
Clamping duty cycle high (deactivated if CH=127):
Table 13 Clamping
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Notes
min. max.
Register size CL,CH 2 x 7 bit
Clamping duty cy. low CYCLPWM 0100 %1)
1) For CL = 0 and CH = 127 the clamping function is disabled
Clamping duty cy. high CYCHPWM 0100 %1) 2)
2) CYCLPWM< CYCHPWM mandatory
Clamping quantization
steps
∆
CYCxPWM 0.78 %3)
3) Quantization starts for CL at 0% and for CH at 100%
CYCLPWM CL 32⋅
4096
------------------
=
CYCHPWM CH 1+()32 1–⋅
4096
----------------------------------------
=
TLE4998P
Signal Processing
Data Sheet 22 V 1.0, 2008-07
Figure 8 shows an example in which the magnetic field range between Bmin and Bmax
is mapped to duty cycles between 16% and 84%.
Figure 8 Clamping example
Note: The clamping high value must be above the low value.
If CYCLPWM is set to a higher value than CYCHPWM, the CYCHPWM value is
dominating. This would lead to a constant output duty cycle independent of the
magnetic field strength.
0
20
B
min
B (m T)
B
max
DY
PWM
(%) 100
40
80
60
Err or range
Err or range
Operatin g r ange
DY
CHPWM
DY
CLPWM
TLE4998P
Signal Processing
Data Sheet 23 V 1.0, 2008-07
6.6 PWM Output Fequency Setup
This enables a setup of different PWM output frequencies, even if the internal RC
oscillator varies by ±20%.
Table 14 Predivider Setting
The nominal unit time is calculated by:
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Notes
min. max.
Register size Prediv 4bit Predivider
PWM output frequency fPWM 122 1953 Hz OSCClk=1953 Hz
f
PWM
= OSC
Clk
/ (Prediv + 1)
OSC
Clk
= 1953 Hz ±20%
TLE4998P
Error Detection
Data Sheet 24 V 1.0, 2008-07
7 Error Detection
Different error ca ses can b e detected by the On-Board-Diagnostics (OBD) and reported
to the microcontroller. The OBD is useful only when the clamping function is enabled.
7.1 Voltages Outside the Operating Range
The output signals error conditions if VDD crosses the overvoltage threshold level.
Table 15 Overvoltage
7.2 EEPROM Error Correction
The parity method is able to correct one single bit in one EEPROM line. One other single-
bit error in another line can also be detected. As this situation is not correctable, this
status is signalled at the output pin by clamping the output value to CYPWM = 100%.
Table 16 EEPROM Error Signalling
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Notes
min. typ. max.
Overvoltage threshold VDDov 16.65 17.5 18.35 V
Output duty cycle
@ overvoltage CYPWMov 100 1)
1) Output stays in “off” state (high ohmic)
- - %
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Notes
min. max.
Output duty cycle
@ EEPROM error CYPWMerr 100 1)
1) Output stays in “off” state (high ohmic)
%
TLE4998P
Temperature Compensation
Data Sheet 25 V 1.0, 2008-07
8 Temperature Compensation
The magnetic field strength of a magnet depends on the temperature. This material
constant is specific to different magnet types. Ther efore, the TLE4998P offers a second-
order temperature compensation polynomial, by which the Hall signal output is multiplied
in the DSP.
There are three parameters for the compensation:
• Reference temperature T0
• A linear part (1st order) TC1
• A quadratic part (2nd order) TC2
The following formula describes the sensitivity dependent on the temperature in relation
to the sensitivity at the reference temperature T0:
For more information, see also the signal-processing flow in Figure 6.
The full temperature compensation of the complete system is done in two steps:
1. Pre-calibration in the Infineon final test
The parameters TC1, TC2, T0 are set to maximally flat temperature characteristics
regarding the Hall probe and internal analog processing parts.
2. Overall system calibration
The typical coefficients TC1, TC2, T0 of the magnetic circuitr y are programmed. This
can be done deterministically, as the algorithm of the DSP is fully reproducible. The
final setting of the TC1, TC2, T0 values depend on the pre-calibrated values.
Table 17 Temperature Compensation
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Notes
min. max.
Register size TC1TL - 9 bit Unsigned integer values
1st order coefficient TC1TC1-1000 2500 ppm/ °C 1)
1) Full adjustable range: -2441 to +5355 ppm/°C, can be only used after confirmation by Infineon
Quantization steps of TC1qTC115.26 ppm/ °C
Register size TC2TQ - 8 bit Unsigned integer values
2nd order coefficient TC2TC2- 4 4 ppm/ °C² 2)
2) Full adjustable range: -15 to +15 ppm/°C², can be only used after confirmation by Infineon
Quantization steps of TC2qTC20.119 ppm/ °C²
Reference temp. T0- 48 64 °C
Quantization steps of T0qT01°C 3)
3) Handled by algorithm only (see Application Note)
STC T() 1TC1TT
0
–()×TC2TT
0
–()
2
×++=
TLE4998P
Temperature Compensation
Data Sheet 26 V 1.0, 2008-07
8.1 Parameter Calculation
The parameters TC1 and TC2 may be calculated by:
The digital output for a given field BIN at a specific temperature can then be calculated
by:
BFSR is the full range magnetic field. It is dependent on the range setting (e.g 100 mT).
S0 is the nominal sensitivity of the Hall probe times the Gain factor set in the EEPROM.
STC is the temperature-dependent sensitivity factor calculated by the DSP.
STCHall is the temperature behavior of t he Hall probe.
The pre-calibration at Infineon is performed such that the following condition is met:
Within the application, an additional factor BIN(T) / BIN(T0) will be given due to the
magnetic system. STC then needs to be modified to STCnew so that the following condition
is satisfied:
Therefore, the new sensitivity parameters STCnew can be calculated from the pre-
calibrated setup STC using the relationship:
TC1TL 160–
65536
---------------------- 1000000×=
TC2TQ 128–
8388608
----------------------- 1000000×=
DYOUT 2BIN
BFSR
-------------STC
×STCHall
×S0
×4096×
⋅DYOS
+=
STC TJT0
–()STCHall TJ
()×1≈
BIN T()
BIN T0
()
-------------------- STCnew T() STCHall T()×× STC T() STCHall T()×1≈≈
BIN T()
BIN T0
()
-------------------- STCnew T()×STC T()≈
TLE4998P
Calibration
Data Sheet 27 V 1.0, 2008-07
9Calibration
For the calibration of the sensor, a special hardware interface to a PC is required. All
calibration and setting bits can be temporarily written into a Random Access Memory
(RAM). This allows the EEPROM to remain untouched during the entire calibration
process, since the number of the EEPROM programming cycles is limited. Therefore,
this temporary setup (using the RAM only) does not stress the EEPROM.
The digital signal processing is completely deterministic. This allows a two-point
calibration in one step without iterations. After measuring the Hall output signal for the
two end points, the signal processing parameters Ga in and Offset can be calculated.
Note: Depending on the application and external instrumentation setup, the accuracy of
the two-point calibration can be improved.
Table 18 Calibration Characteristics
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Notes
min. max.
Temperature at
calibration TCAL 10 30 °C
Two-point calibration
accuracy
∆
CYCAL1 -0.2 0.2 % Position 1
∆
CYCAL2 -0.2 0.2 % Position 2
TLE4998P
Calibration
Data Sheet 28 V 1.0, 2008-07
9.1 Calibration Data Memory
When the MEMLOCK bits are programmed (two redundant bits), the memory c onten t is
frozen and may no longer be changed. Furthermore, the programming interface is locked
out and the chip remains in the application mode only. This prevents accidental
programming due to environmental influences.
Figure 9 EEPROM Map
A matrix parity architecture allows automatic correction of any single-bit error. Each row
is protected by a row parity bit. The sum of bits set including this bit must be an odd
number (ODD PARITY). Each column is additionally protected by a column parity bit.
Each bit in the even positions (0, 2, etc.) of all lines must sum up to an even number
(EVEN PARITY), and each bit in the odd positions (1,3, etc.) must have an odd sum
(ODD PARITY). The parity column must have an even sum (EVEN PARITY).
This mechanism of different parity calculations also protects against many block errors
such as erasing a full line or even the whole EEPROM.
When modifying the application bits (such as Gain, Offset, TC, etc.) the parity bits must
be updated. As for the column bits, the pre-calibration area must be read out and
considered for correct parity generation as well.
Note: A specific programming algorithm must be followed to ensure data retention.
A detailed separate programming specification is available on request.
User-Calibrat ion Bits
Pre- Calibr ation Bit s
Column Parity Bits
Row Par ity Bits
TLE4998P
Calibration
Data Sheet 29 V 1.0, 2008-07
9.2 Programming Interface
The VDD pin and the OUT pin are used as a two-wire interface to transmit the EEPROM
data to and from the sensor.
This allows
• Communication with high data reliability
• The bus-type connection of several sensors and separate programming via the OUT
pin
9.3 Data transfer protocol
The data transfer protocol is described in a separate document (User Programming
Description), available on request.
9.4 Programming of sensors with common supply lines
In many automotive applications, two sensors are used to measure the same parameter.
This redundancy allows the operation to continue in an emergency mode. If both sensors
use the same power supply lines, they can be programmed together in parallel.
Table 19 Programming Characteristics
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Notes
min. max.
Number of EEPROM
programming cycles NPRG -10 Cycles1)
1) 1 cycle is the simultaneous change of ≥ 1 bit
Programming allowed
only at start of lifetime
Ambient temperature
at programming TPRG 10 30 °C
Programming time tPRG 100 -ms For complete memory 2)
2) Depending on clock frequency at VDD, write pulse 10 ms ±1%, erase pulse 80 ms ±1%
Calibration memory -150 bit All active EEPROM bits
Error Correction -26 bit All parity EEPROM bits
TLE4998P
Application Circuit
Data Sheet 30 V 1.0, 2008-07
10 Application Circuit
Figure 10 shows the connection of multiple sensors to a microcontroller.
Figure 10 Application Circuit
Note: For calibration and programming, the interface has to be connected directly to the
output pin. The TST pin is not connected in the application circuit.
The application circuit shown must be regarded as only an example that will need to be
adapted to meet the requirements of other specific applications.
TLE
4998
optional
V
dd
CC
in1
CC
in2
V
GND
47nF
1 nF
2k2
4.7nF
47nF
2k2
1 nF
4.7nF
µC
out
V
DD
GND
TLE
4998
out
V
DD
GND
50
50
V oltage Supply
Sensor Voltage Supply
µC
VDD
OUT1
GND
OUT2
Sensor
Module ECU
Module
TLE4998P
Package Outlines
Data Sheet 31 V 1.0, 2008-07
11 Package Outlines
Figure 11 PG-SSO-3-10 (Plastic Green Single Small Outline Package)
1) No solder function area
Molded body dimensions do not unclude plastic or metal protrusion of 0.15 max per side
±0.3
12.7
±0.4
6.35
12.7±1
Total tolerance at 19 pitches ±1
±0.3
4
19 ±0.5
9-0.50
+0.75
33 MAX.
(Useable
Length)
(10)
±0.5
18
A
±0.5
6
1-1
-0.15
0.25
±0.1
0.39
Tape
Adhesive
Tape
(0.25)
1±0.2 1)
0.1 MAX.
0.5
0.5
±0.05
±0.1
0.42 3x
1.5
±0.05
4.06
4.05
±0.05
2 x 1.27 = 2.54
A
2
±0.05
1.5
0.36 ±0.05
0.82±0.05
P-PG-SSO-3-10-PO V02
45˚
5˚
123
B
B
C2
C
TLE4998P
Package Outlines
Data Sheet 32 V 1.0, 2008-07
Figure 12 PG-SSO-4-1 (Plastic Green Single Small Outline Package)
1)
1 MAX.
0.2
(0.25) 0.1 MAX.
1 x 45˚ 1.9 MAX.
±1˚
±0.08
5.16
±0.05
5.34
0.2
+0.1
7˚
7˚
-0.1
±0.08
±0.06
3.71
3.38
0.25
±0.05
A
2
1
±0.05
0.4
0.5
4x 0.6 MAX.
1.27 3 x 1.27 = 3.81
Total tolerance at 10 pitches ±1
1
) No solder function area
±0.3
±0.4
6.35 12.7
12.7
±1
±0.5
-0.5
+0.75
4
±0.3
9
GPO0535
7
-0.15
±0.1
Tape
Adhesiv
e
Tape
0.25
0.39
±0.5
A
18
6
(Useable Length)
(14.8)
23.8
±0.5
38 MAX.
-1
1
1432
TLE4998P
Package Outlines
Data Sheet 33 V 1.0, 2008-07
