SCOUT-P
Siemens Codec with
UPNTransceiver
PSB 21391 Version 1.3
SCOUT-PX
Siemens Codec with
UPNTransceiver featuring
Speakerphone functionality
PSB 21393 Version 1.3
Data Sheet, DS 1, March 2001
Wired
Communications
Never stop thinking.
Editio n 2001-03-07
Published by Infineon Technologies AG,
St.-Martin-Strasse 53,
D-81541 Münc he n, Ge rmany
© Infineon Technologies AG 2001.
All Ri ghts Reserved.
Attention ple ase !
The information herein is given to describe certain components and shall not be considered as warranted
characteristics.
Ter m s of delivery and rights to t echnical change reserved.
We hereby disclaim any and all warranties, including but not limited to warranties of non-infringement, regarding
circuits, descriptions and charts stated herein.
Infin eon Technologies is an approved CECC manufacturer.
Information
F o r further information on techno lo gy, delivery terms and c on di t i o ns and prices pl e as e co ntact your ne arest
Infineon Technologies Office in Germany or our Infineon Technolog ies Representatives worldwide (see address
list).
Warnings
Due to technical requirements compone nts may contain dangerous subst ances. For information on the types in
ques tion plea se contact your nearest Infine on Technologi es Office.
Infineon Technologies Components may only be used in life-support devices or systems with the e xpress written
approval of Infineon Technologies, if a failure of such components can reasonably be e xpected to cause the failure
of that life-support de vice or system, or to aff ect t he safety or effectiveness of that device or system. Life support
devices or systems are intended to be implanted in the human body, or to support and/or maintain and sustain
and/or protect human life. If the y fail, it is reasonable to assume that the health of the user or other persons ma y
be endangered.
Wired
Communications
SCOUT-P
Siemens Codec with
UPNTransceiver
PSB 21391 Version 1.3
SCOUT-PX
Siemens Codec with
UPNTransceiver featuring
Speakerphone functionality
PSB 21393 Version 1.3
Data Sheet, DS 1, March 2001
Never stop thinking.
For questions on technology, delivery and prices please contact the Infineon
Technologies Offices in Germany or the Infineon Technologies Companies and
Representatives worldwide: see our webpage at http://www.infineon.com
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Revision History: 2001-03-07 DS 1
Previous Version: Prel. Data Sheet 09.99
Page Subjects (major changes since last revision)
29 Figure with clock signals added
59 BCL=’ 0’ changed to BCL=’1’
81 BCL changed from ’low’ to ’high’
107 Note regarding AXI input added
143 Recommendation regarding CRAM programming modified
157
158 BCL is inverted compared to last description (DS1); figure added
163 ’Rising’ BCL edge changed to ’falling’ edge
231 Figure 85 modified
233 Timings added
236 Power supply currents added
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PSB 21393
Page
Data Sheet 2001-03-07
Table of Contents
1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
1.1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
1.2 Pin Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
1.3 Logic Symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
1.4 Pin Definitions and Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
1.5 Typical Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 2
1.6 General Functions and Device Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
2 Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
2.1 Microcontroller Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
2.1.1 Serial Control Interface (SCI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
2.1.1.1 Programming Sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
2.1.2 Interrupt Structure and Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
2.1.3 Microcontroller Clock Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
2.2 IOM-2 Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
2.2.1 IOM-2 Frame Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
2.2.2 IOM-2 Handler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
2.2.2.1 Controller Data Access (CDA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
2.2.2.1.1 Looping and Shifting Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
2.2.2.1.2 Monitoring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
2.2.2.1.3 Monitoring TIC Bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
2.2.2.1.4 Synchronous Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
2.2.3 Serial Data Strobe Signal and strobed Data Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
2.2.3.1 Serial Data Strobe Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
2.2.3.2 Strobed IOM-2 Bit Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
2.2.4 IOM-2 Monitor Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
2.2.4.1 Handshake Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
2.2.4.2 Error Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
2.2.4.3 MONITOR Channel Programming as a Master Device . . . . . . . . . . . .51
2.2.4.4 MONITOR Channel Programming as a Slave Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
2.2.4.5 MONITOR Time-Out Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
2.2.4.6 MONITOR Interrupt Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
2.2.5 C/I Channel Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
2.2.5.1 CIC Interrupt Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4
2.2.6 Settings after Reset (see also chapter 7.2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
2.2.7 D-Channel Access Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
2.2.7.1 TIC Bus D-Channel Access Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
2.2.8 Activation/Deactivation of IOM-2 Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
2.3 UPN Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
2.3.1 UPN Burst Frame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
2.3.2 Scrambler/Descrambler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64
2.3.3 UPN Transceiver Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
2.3.4 Data Transfer and Delay between IOM and UPN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
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2.3.4.1 B1-, B2- and D-Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
2.3.4.2 Stop/Go Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
2.3.4.3 Available/Busy Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
2.3.4.4 T-Bit Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
2.3.5 Control of UPN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
2.3.5.1 Internal Layer-1 Statemachine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
2.3.5.1.1 State Transition Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
2.3.5.1.2 States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
2.3.5.1.3 C/I Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
2.3.5.1.4 Receive Infos on UPN (Downstream) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
2.3.5.1.5 Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 5
2.3.5.1.6 C/I Indications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75
2.3.5.1.7 Transmit Infos on UPN (Upstream) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
2.3.5.1.8 Example of Activation/Deactivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
2.3.5.2 External Layer-1 Statemachine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78
2.3.5.2.1 Activation initiated by the Terminal (TE, SCOUT-P(X)) . . . . . . . . . .79
2.3.5.2.2 Activation initiated by the Line Termination LT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80
2.3.6 Level Detection Power Down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81
2.3.7 Transceiver Enable/Disable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81
2.3.8 Test Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
2.3.8.1 UPN Transceiver Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
2.3.8.2 Test Signals on the UPN Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
2.3.9 Transmitter Characteris tics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83
2.3.10 Receiver Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
2.3.11 UPN Interface Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85
3 HDLC Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86
3.1 Message Transfer Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86
3.1.1 Non-Auto Mode (MDS2-0 = ’01x’) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
3.1.2 Transparent Mode 0 (MDS2-0 = ’110’). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
3.1.3 Transparent Mode 1 (MDS2-0 = ’111’). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
3.1.4 Transparent Mode 2 (MDS2-0 = ’101’). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
3.1.5 Extended Transparent Mode (MDS2-0 = ’100’). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
3.2 Data Reception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
3.2.1 Structure and Control of the Receive FIFO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
3.2.1.1 General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
3.2.1.2 Possible Error Conditions during Reception of Frames . . . . . . . . . . . .91
3.2.1.3 Data Reception Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92
3.2.2 Receive Frame Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94
3.3 Data Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96
3.3.1 Structure and Control of the Transmit FIFO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96
3.3.1.1 General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96
3.3.1.2 Possible Error Conditions during Transmission of Frames . . . . . . . . .98
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3.3.1.3 Data Transmission Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
3.3.2 Transmit Frame Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101
3.4 Access to IOM Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101
3.5 Extended Transparent Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102
3.5.1 Transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102
3.5.2 Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102
3.6 HDLC Controller Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103
3.7 Test Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104
4 Codec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105
4.1 Analog Front End (AFE) Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106
4.1.1 AFE Attenuation Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107
4.2 Signal Processor (DSP) Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109
4.2.1 Transmit Signal Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111
4.2.2 Receive Signal Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111
4.2.3 Programmable Coefficients for Transmit and Receive . . . . . . . . . . . . .113
4.3 Tone Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114
4.3.1 Four Signal Generators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114
4.3.2 Sequence Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114
4.3.3 Control Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117
4.3.4 Tone Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118
4.3.5 Tone Level Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120
4.3.6 DTMF Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120
4.4 Speakerphone Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .122
4.4.1 Attenuation Control Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123
4.4.2 Speakerphone Test Function and Self Adaption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124
4.4.3 Speech Detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124
4.4.3.1 Background Noise Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125
4.4.3.2 Signal Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126
4.4.4 Speech Comparators (SC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127
4.4.4.1 Speech Comparator at the Acoustic Side (SCAE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128
4.4.4.2 Speech Comparator at the Line Side (SCLE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131
4.4.4.3 Automatic Gain Control of the Transmit Direction (AGCX) . . . . . . . .133
4.4.5 Automatic Gain Control of the Receive Direction (AGCR) . . . . . . . . . . .136
4.4.6 Speakerphone Coefficient Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .138
4.5 Controlled Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .140
4.6 Voice Data Manipulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .140
4.7 Test Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142
4.8 Programming of the Codec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .143
4.8.1 Indirect Programming of the Codec (SOP, COP, XOP) . . . . . . . . . . . .143
4.8.1.1 Description of the Command Word (CMDW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144
4.8.2 Direct Programming of the Codec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .146
4.8.2.1 CRAM Back-Up Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .146
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4.8.3 Reference Tables for the Register and CRAM Locations . . . . . . . . . . .148
5 Clock Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .157
5.1 Jitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .158
5.1.1 Jitter on IOM-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .158
5.1.2 J it ter on UPN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
5.1.3 Jitter on MCLK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .158
6 Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159
6.1 Reset Source Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .160
6.2 Undervoltage Detection (VDDDET) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .161
6.3 External Reset Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162
6.4 Software Reset Register (SRES) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162
6.5 Pin Behavior during Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163
7 Detailed Register Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .164
7.0.1 XFIFO - Transmit FIFO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .170
7.0.2 ISTAH - Interrupt Status Register HDLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .171
7.0.3 MASKH - Mask Register HDLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172
7.0.4 STAR - Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172
7.0.5 CMDR - Command Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .173
7.0.6 MODEH - Mode Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .174
7.0.7 EXMR- Extended Mode Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .175
7.0.8 TIMR - Timer Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .176
7.0.9 SAP1 - SAPI1 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177
7.0.10 RBCL - Receive Frame Byte Count Low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178
7.0.11 SAP2 - SAPI2 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178
7.0.12 RBCH - Receive Frame Byte Count High . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .179
7.0.13 TEI1 - TEI1 Register 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .179
7.0.14 RSTA - Receive Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .180
7.0.15 TEI2 - TEI2 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181
7.0.16 TMH -Test Mode Register HDLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182
7.0.17 CIR0 - Command/Indication Receive 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182
7.0.18 CIX0 - Command/Indication Transmit 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .184
7.0.19 CIR1 - Command/Indication Receive 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .184
7.0.20 CIX1 - Command/Indication Transmit 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .185
7.1 Transceiver, Interrupt and General Configuration Registers . . . . . . . . . . .186
7.1.1 TR_CONF0 - Transceiver Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .186
7.1.2 TR_CONF1 - Receiver Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187
7.1.3 TR_CONF2 - Transmitter Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187
7.1.4 TR_STA - Transceiver Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .188
7.1.5 TR_CMD - Transceiver Command Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .189
7.1.6 ISTATR - Interrupt Status Register Transceiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .190
7.1.7 MASKTR - Mask Transceiver Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .190
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Page
Data Sheet 2001-03-07
Table of Contents
7.1.8 ISTA - Interrupt Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .191
7.1.9 MASK - Mask Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .192
7.1.10 MODE1 - Mode1 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .192
7.1.11 MODE2 - Mode2 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .194
7.1.12 ID - Identification Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .195
7.1.13 SRES - Software Reset Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .195
7.2 IOM-2 and MONITOR Handler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .196
7.2.1 CDAxy - Controller Data Access Register xy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .196
7.2.2 XXX_TSDPxy - Time Slot and Data Port Selection for CHxy . . . . . . . .197
7.2.3 CDAx_CR - Control Register Controller Data Access CH1x . . . . . . . . .198
7.2.4 CO_CR - Control Register Codec Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .199
7.2.5 TR_CR - Control Register Transceiver Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .199
7.2.6 HCI_CR - Control Register for HDLC and CI1 Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .200
7.2.7 MON_CR - Control Register Monitor Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .200
7.2.8 SDSx_CR - Control Register Serial Data Strobe x . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .201
7.2.9 IOM_CR - Control Register IOM Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .202
7.2.10 MCDA - Monitoring CDA Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .203
7.2.11 STI - Synchronous Transfer Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
7.2.12 ASTI - Acknowledge Synchronous Transfer Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . .205
7.2.13 MSTI - Mask Synchronous Transfer Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .205
7.2.14 SDS_CONF - Configuration Register for Serial Data Strobes . . . . . . . .206
7.2.15 MOR - MONITOR Receive Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .206
7.2.16 MOX - MONITOR Transmit Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .206
7.2.17 MOSR - MONITOR Interrupt Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .207
7.2.18 MOCR - MONITOR Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .208
7.2.19 MSTA - MONITOR Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .209
7.2.20 MCONF - MONITOR Configuration Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .209
7.3 Codec Configuration Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .210
7.3.1 General Configuration Register (GCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .210
7.3.2 Programmable Filter Configuration Register (PFCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .211
7.3.3 Tone Generator Configuration Register (TGCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .212
7.3.4 Tone Generator Switch Register (TGSR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .213
7.3.5 AFE Configuration Register (ACR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .214
7.3.6 AFE Transmit Configuration Register (ATCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .215
7.3.7 AFE Receive Configuration Register (ARCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .216
7.3.8 Data Format Register (DFR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .217
7.3.9 Data Source Selection Register (DSSR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .218
7.3.10 Extended Configuration (XCR) and Status (XSR) Register . . . . . . . . . . 219
7.3.11 Mask Channel x Register (MASKxR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .220
7.3.12 Test Function Configuration Register (TFCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
7.3.13 CRAM Control (CCR) and Status (CSR) Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .221
7.3.14 CRAM (Coefficient RAM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .223
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Page
Data Sheet 2001-03-07
Table of Contents
8 Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .227
8.1 Electrical Characteristics (general) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .227
8.1.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .227
8.1.2 DC-Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .227
8.1.3 Capacitances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .228
8.1.4 Oscillator Sp e cification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .229
8.1.5 AC Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .230
8.1.6 IOM-2 Interface Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .231
8.1.7 Microcontroller Interface Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .233
8.1.7.1 Serial Control Interface (SCI) Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .233
8.1.8 Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .234
8.1.9 Undervoltage Detection Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .234
8.2 Electrical Characteristics (Transceiver)
236
8.3 Electrical Characteristics (Codec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .238
8.3.1 DC Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .238
8.3.2 Analog Front End Input Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .240
8.3.3 Analog Front End Output Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .240
9 Package Outlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .242
Data Sheet 1 2001-03-07
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Overview
1 Overview
The SCOUT-P or SCOUT-PX respectively integrates all necessary functions for the
completion of a cost effective digital voice terminal solution.
Please note: Throughout the whole document “SCOUT™“refers to “SCOUT™-P“
and “SCOUT™-PX“
The SCOUT combines the functionality of the ARCOFI®-BA PSB 2161 (Audio Ringing
Codec Filter Basic Function) or ARCOFI®-SP PSB 2163 (Audio Ringing Codec Filter with
Speakerphone) respectively and the SmartLink-P PSB 2197 (Subscriber Access
Controller for UPN Terminals) or ISAC®-P TE PSB 2196 (ISDN Subscriber Access
Controller for U PN Terminals in TE mode) respectively on a single chip.
The SCOUT-P is suited for the use in basic PBX voice terminals just as it is, and in
combination with an additional device on the modular IOM®-2 interface, in high end
featurephones e.g. with acoustic echo cancellation.
The SCOUT-PX PSB 21393 is an extended SCOUT-P PSB 21391 which provides the
speakerphone performance of the ARCOFI-SP PSB 2163.
The transceiver implements the subscriber access functions for a digital terminal to be
connected to a two wire UPN interface. It covers complete layer-1 and basic layer-2
functions for digital terminals.
The codec performs encoding, decoding, filtering functions and tone generation (ringing,
audible feedback tones and DTMF signal). An analog front end offers three analog inputs
and two analog outputs with programmable amplifiers.
The IOM-2 interface allows a modular design with functional extensions (e.g. acoustic
echo cancellation, tip/ring extension, S/T-interface option, terminal repeater) by
connecting other voice/data devices to the SCOUT.
A serial microcontroll er interface (SCI) is su pported. A clock signal and a reset input and
output pin complete the microcontroller interface.
The SCOUT is a CMOS device offered in a P-MQFP-44 package and operates with a
3.3V or 5V supply.
Data Sheet 2 2001-03-07
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Overview
Comparison of the SCOUT with the two chip solution SmartLink -P and
ARCOFI-BA; -SP
SCOUT SmartLink -P / AR COFI
Operating modes TE TE, TR, HDLC Cont.
Supply voltage 3.3V ± 5 % or 5V ± 5 % 5V ± 5 %
Technology CMOS CMOS, BICMOS
Package P-MQFP-44 P-DSO-28 / P-DSO-28
Transceiver
Transformer ratio for
receiver and transmitter 1:1 (3.3V) or
2:1 (5V) 2:1 (5V)
Transceiver Output Driver Slower slew rate compar ed
with SmartLink by slowed
down output drivers
Test loops Test loop2, 3 Test loop2, 3
Microcontroller Interfac e Serial (S CI) Serial (S CI)
Microcontroller clock Provided
( 7.68, 3.84, 0.96MHz,
disabled or
15.36, 7.68, 1.92 MHz,
disabled if double clock rate
selected)
Provided
( 7.68, 3.84, 1,92, 0.96MHz)
Register address space 256 byte (32 byte FIFO, 96
byte configuration, 128 byte
CRAM
4 controlreg., 2 statusreg., 4
byte FIFO /
12 byte configuration, 128
byte CRAM
Codec CRAM access
(128 byte) Indirect and direct
addressing (general
purpose RAM)
Indirect addressing
Command structure of the
register access Header/
address(command)/data SmartLink specific full
duplex structur e
Controller data access to
IOM-2 timeslots All timeslots; various
possibilities of data access Not provided
Data control and
manipulation Various po ssibilities of da ta
control and data
manipulation (enable/
disable, shifting, looping,
switching)
B-channel mute and loop
back
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Overview
Data Sheet 3 2001-03-07
IOM-2
IOM-2 Interface Double clock (DCL),
bit clock pin (BCL),
serial data strobe 1 (SDS1)
serial data strobe 2 (SDS2/
RSTO)
Double clock (DCL),
bit clock (BCL),
serial data strobe (SDS)
Monitor channel
programming Provided
(MON0 or 1 or 2) Not provided
C/I channels CI0 (4bit),
CI1 (4/6bit) CI0 (4bit),
CI1 (Status of 3bit)
Layer 1 state machine Equivalent to SmartLink
State machine in software Possible Not possible
IDSL (144kBit/s) Provided (HDLC, SDS) Not provided
HDLC support D- and B- channels;
Non-auto mode,
transparent mode 0-2,
extended transparent mode
D- channel protocol
FIFO size 64 bytes per direction with
programmable FIFO
thresholds
2x4 bytes per direction
Undervoltage detection Provided Provided
Reset Sources RST Input
VDDDET
Watchdog
C/I Code Change
EAW Pin
Software Reset
RST Input
VDDDET
Watchdog
Pulse width output LCD
contrast Not provided Provided
Codec
Analog inputs 1 single ended, 2 differential 1 single ended, 2 differential
Band gap reference Externally buffered Internally buffered
Max. AFE gain transmit
(guaranteed transmission
characteristics)
36 dB differential inputs
24 dB single ended input 42 dB differential inputs
24 dB single ended input
Analog gain steps earpiece 3 dB 6 dB
SCOUT SmartLink -P / AR COFI
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Overview
Data Sheet 4 2001-03-07
Speakerphone
Status indication Register status bits Piezo pins
AGC initializa tion Initial value Maximum gain
Voice data manipulation Three party conferencing
(adding receive and
transmit data)
Voice monitoring on IOM-2
Three party conferencing
(adding receive data)
Voice monitoring on piezo
output
Voice data formats A-/µ-Law, 8 or 16 bit linear A-/µ-Law, 16 bit linear
Mask register for voice data Provided Not provided
Tone Generator Output Loudspeaker, earpiece Loudspeaker, earpiece,
piezo pins
Direct tone generato r output
to loudspeaker Provided
Tone generator signal is
attenuated by -6dB
compared to the ARCOFI;
extended gain range (-24.5,
-27.5dB) in the loudspeaker
amplifier control setting
Provided
Saturation amplification of
tone filter, i.e. CRAM
Parameter GE
As specified Adjusted to fix value
SCOUT SmartLink -P / ARCOFI
P-MQFP-44-1
Data Sheet 5 2001-03-07
Siemens Codec with UPNTransceiver
SCOU T-P, SCOUT-PX PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Version 1.3 CMOS
Type Package
PSB 21391 SCOUT-P P-MQFP-44-1
PSB 21393 SCOUT-PX P-MQFP-44-1
1.1 Features
•Serial control interface (SC I)
•IOM-2 interface in TE mode, single/double clock,
two serial data strobe signals
•Various possibilities of microcontroller data access,
data control and data manipulation to all IOM-2
timeslots
•Power supply 3.3 V or 5 V
•Monitor channel handler (master/slave)
•Sophisticated power management for restricted power mode
•Programmable microcontroller clock output and reset (input/output) pins
•Undervoltage detection and power-on reset generation
•Advanced CMOS technology
Transceiver part
•Two wire UPN transceiver with 2B+D channels in half-bauded AMI coding. Fully
compatible to UP0 but for reduced loop length
•Conversion of the frame structure between the UPN interface and IOM-2
•Receive timing recovery
•Continuously adapted receive thresholds
•Activation and deactivation procedures with automatic activation from power down
state
•HDLC controller. Operating in non-auto mode, transparent mode 0-2 or extended
transparent mode. Access to B1, B2 or D channels or the combination of them e.g.
for 144 kbit/s data transmission (2B+D)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Overview
Data Sheet 6 2001-03-07
•FIFO buffer with 64 bytes per direction and programmable FIFO thresholds for
efficient transfer of data packets
•D-channel access control
•Implementation of IOM-2 MONITOR and C/I-channel protocol to control peripheral
devices
•Realization of layer 1 state machine in software possible
•Watchdog timer
•Programmable reset sources
•Test loops and functions
Codec part
•Applications in digital terminal equipment featuring voice functions
•Digital signal processing performs all CODEC functions
•Fully compatible with the ITU-T G.712 and ETSI (NET33) specification
•PCM A-Law/µ-Law (ITU-T G.711) and 8/16-bit linear data; maskable codec data
•Flexible configuration of all internal functions
•Three analog inputs for the handset microphone, the speakerphone and the headset
•Two differential outputs for a handset earpiece (200 Ω) and a loudspeaker (50 Ω for
5V power supply, 25 Ω for 3.3V power supply)
•Flexible test and maintena nce loopbacks in the analog front end and the digi tal signal
processor
•Independent gain programmable amplifiers for all analog inputs and outputs
•Full digital speakerphone (SCOUT-PX PSB 21393 only) and loudhearing support
without any external components (speakerphone test and optimization function is
available)
•Enhanced voice data manipulation for features like:
- Three-party conferencing
- Voice monitoring
•Two transducer correction filters
•Side tone gain adjustment
•Flexible DTMF, tone and ringing generator
•Direct and indirect CRAM access
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Overview
Data Sheet 7 2001-03-07
1.2 Pin Configurat ion
Figure 1
Pin Configuration
VDDSEL
VDDDET
V
DDA
V
SSA
V
REF
BGREF
AXI
MIN2
MIP2
MIN1
MIP1
DU
DD
SDX
SDR
SCLK
V
SSD
V
DDD
XTAL1
XTAL2
MCLK
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44 1110987654321
2324252627282930313233
SCOUT-P(X)
PSB 21391
(PSB 21393)
P-MQFP-44
V
DDP
V
SSP
LSN
HOP
HON
SDS1
LSP
BCL
DCL
FSC
V
SSPLL
reserved
V
DDPLL
V
SSL
V
DDL
LIa
LIb
reserved
RSTO/SDS2
RST
INT
CS
EAW
mqfp44_pin_upn.vsd
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Overview
Data Sheet 8 2001-03-07
1.3 Logic Symbol
Figure 2
Logic Symbol of the SCOU T in P-MQFP-44
V
SS
: 5 separate ground pins (V
SSL
,V
SSD
,V
SSA
,V
SSP
,V
SSPLL
)
V
DD
: 5 separate power pins (V
DDL
,V
DDD
,V
DDA
,V
DDP
,V
DDPLL
)
logsym_upn.vsd
AXI
Serial Control Interface (SCI)
INTCS MCLK
SCLK
SDR
SDX
RSTO/
SDS2
IO M-2 Interface
DD DU FSC DCL BCL SDS1VDDSELV
DD
V
SS
55
Analog Front End
V
REF
HOP
HON
MIP1
MIN1
MIP2
MIN2
LSP
LSN
BGREF RST
VDDDET
U
PN
Interface
LIa
LIb
15.36 MHz
XTAL1
XTAL2
EAW
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Overview
Data Sheet 9 2001-03-07
1.4 Pin Definitions and Function
Table 1
Pin No. Symb ol Input (I)
Output (O)
Open Drain
(OD)
Function
Power supply (3.3 V or 5 V ±5%)
31 VDDL –Supply voltage for line driver
16 VDDD –Supply voltage for digital parts
36 VDDA –Supply voltage for analog parts
1VDDP –Supply voltage for loudspeaker
27 VDDPLL –Supply voltage for internal PLL
30 VSSL –Ground for line driver
17 VSSD –Ground for digital parts
37 VSSA –Ground for analog parts
3VSSP –Ground for loudspeaker
26 VSSPLL –Ground for internal PLL
34 VDDSEL I VDD Selection
’0’: 3.3 V supply voltage
’1’: 5 V supply voltage
IOM-2 Interface
21 DD I/OD/O Data Downstream
22 DU I/OD/O Data Upstream
25 FSC I/O Frame Synchronization Clock (8 kHz)
24 DCL I/O Data Clock (double clock, 1.536 MHz)
23 BCL O Bit Clock (768kHz)
11 SDS1 O Programmable strobe signal or bit clock
10 RSTO/
SDS2 OD
OReset Output (active low)
Strobe signal f or each IOM® time slot and/or
D channel indication (programmable)
RESET
9RST I Reset (active low)
35 VDDDET I VDD Detection enable (active low)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Overview
Data Sheet 10 2001-03-07
Transceiver
32
33 LIa
LIb I/O
I/O UPN transceiver Line Interface
13
14 XTAL2
XTAL1 OI
IOscillator output
Oscillator or 15.36 MHz input
15 EAW I Extern al Awake.
A low level on this input starts the oscillator
from the pow er d own st ate an d generates a
reset pulse if enabled (see chapter 7.1.10)
In addition an interru pt request is generat ed
at pin INT.
Microcontroller Int erface
7CS I Chip Select (active low)
8INT OD Interrupt request (active low)
12 MCLK O Microcontroller Clock
18 SCLK I Clock for the serial control interface
19 SDR I Se rial Data Receive
20 SDX OD/O Serial Data Transmit
Table 1
Pin No. Symbol Input (I)
Output (O)
Open Drain
(OD)
Function
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Overview
Data Sheet 11 2001-03-07
Analog Fr ontend
38 VREF O 2.4V Reference voltage for biasing external
circuitry.
An external capacity of ≥ 100nF has to be
connected.
39 BGREF I/O Reference Bandgap voltage for internal
references.
An external capacity of ≥ 22nF has to be
connected.
40 AXI I Single-ended Auxiliar y Input
44
43 MIP1
MIN1 I
ISymmetrical differential Microphone Input 1
42
41 MIP2
MIN2 I
ISymmetrical differential Microphone Input 2
5
6HOP
HON O
ODifferential Handset earpiece output for
200 Ω transducers
2
4LSP
LSN O
ODifferential Loudspeaker output for 50 Ω or
25 Ω loudspeaker using a power supply of
5 V or 3.3 V respectively
Reserved Pins
28 reserved I This input is not used for normal operation
and must be connected to VDD.
29 reserved I This input is not used for normal operation
and must be connected to VSS.
Table 1
Pin No. Symb ol Input (I)
Output (O)
Open Drain
(OD)
Function
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Overview
Data Sheet 12 2001-03-07
1.5 Typical Applications
The SCOUT can be used in a variety of applications like
•PBX voice terminal (Figure 3)
•PBX voice terminal with speakerphone (Figure 4)
•PBX voice terminal as featurephone with acoustic echo cancellation (Figure 5)
•PBX voice terminal with tip/ring extension (Figure 6)
•UPN-terminal repe ater (Figure 7)
•UPN-termi nal with S/ T-interface option ( Figure 8)
Figure 3
PBX Voice Terminal
SCOUT-P U
PN
Interface
pbx_voice_upn.vsd
µC
SCI
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Overview
Data Sheet 13 2001-03-07
Figure 4
PBX Voice Terminal with Speakerphone
Figure 5
PBX Voice Terminal as Featurephone with Acoustic Echo Cancellation
SCOUT-PX U
PN
Interface
voice_te_upn.vsd
µC
SCI
SCOUT-P U
PN
Interface
vt_ace_upn.vsd
ACE µC
IOM-2 SCI
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Overview
Data Sheet 14 2001-03-07
Figure 6
PBX Voice Terminal with Tip/Ring Extension
Figure 7
UPN-Terminal Repeater
SLIC ARCOFI-BA
SCOUT-PX
µC
IOM-2 SCI
U
PN
Interface
vt_tipring_upn.vsd
Fax
SCOUT-PX U
PN
Interface
upn_rep_te_upn.vsd
SmartLink-P
PSB 2197
µC
IOM-2 SCI
TR-Mode
U
PN
Terminal 2 U
PN
Terminal 1
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Overview
Data Sheet 15 2001-03-07
Figure 8
UPN-Terminal with S/T- Interface Option
SCOUT-PX U
PN
Interface
upn_te_st_upn.vsd
SBCX µC
IOM-2 SCI
PEB 2081
S/T Interface
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Overview
Data Sheet 16 2001-03-07
1.6 General Functions and Device Architecture
Figure 9 shows the architecture of the SCOUT containing the following functional
blocks:
•UPN interface transceiver with SmartLink PSB 2197 or ISAC-P TE PSB 2196
functionality respectively
•Serial microcontroller interface
•HDLC controller with 64 byte FlFOs per direction and programmable FIFO threshold
•IOM-2 handler and interface for terminal application, MONITOR handler
•Clock and timing generation
•Digital PLL to synchronize IOM-2 to UPN
•Reset generation (watchdog timer, under voltage detection)
•Analog Front End (AFE) of the codec part
•Digital Signal Processor (DSP) for codec/filter functions, tone generation, voice data
manipulation and speakerphone function (SCOUT-PX)
These functional blocks are described in the following chapters.
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Data Sheet 17 2001-03-07
Figure 9
Architecture of the SCOUT
Microcontroller Interface
SCIInterrupt
MCLK
Reset
VDDDET
Generation
IOM-2 Handler
U - Transceiver
PN
HDLC
Trans-
mitter
X-FIFO
Dec
Int
DSP
LP-Filter
Frequency
Correction
Filter
Digital Gain
Adjustment
Speakerphone
Function
Tone Generator
Sidetone
Data Source Selection, Voice Data Manipulation
(Coding, Masking, Conferencing)
Dec
Int
A/D
D/A
AFE
AMI
VREF
AIN-
MUX
ALS
AHO
V
MIP2
MIP1
MIN1
LSP
LSN
SDX
HON
REF
AXI
DPLL
OSC
HDLC
Recei-
ver
R-FIFO
LAPD
Controller
Status
Command
Register
FIFO
Controller
BGREF
FSC
DCL
BCL
XTAL1
XTAL2
LIa
LIb
SDR
SCLK
DU
DD
VDDx
VSSx
HOP
ARCHIT-U.VSD
Handler
MONITOR
C/I
IOM-2 Interface
S-Data
Codec Control / Config.
Codec
Data
Monitor
Data
C/I Data
SDS1
SDS2
MCLK
VDDDET
VDDSEL
MIN2
TIC
TIC Bus Data
Monitor Data
C/I Data
Transc.
Control /
Config.
HDLC
Data
HDLC
Control
Controller Data Access
HDLC-
Data
TIC Bus
Data
MUX
C/I-Data
CS
RSTO
RST
INT
EAW
Data Sheet 18 2001-03-07
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Interfaces
2 Interfaces
The SCOUT provides the following interfaces:
•Serial microcontroller interface together with a reset and microcontroller clock
generation.
•IOM-2 interface as an universal backplane for terminals
•UPN interface towards the two wire subscriber line
•Analog Front End (AFE) as interface between the analog transducers and the digital
signal processor of the codec part
The microcontroller and IOM-2 interface are described in chapter 2.1 or 2.2
respectively. The UPN interface is described in the chapter 2.3, the analog front end
(AFE) in chapter 4.1
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2.1 Microcontroller Interface
The SCOUT supports a serial microcontroller interface. For applications where no
controller i s connected to th e SCOUT mi crocontroll er in terface progr ammi ng is d one via
the IOM-2 MONITOR channel from a master device. In such applications the SCOUT
operates in the IOM-2 slave mode (refer to the corresponding chapter of the IOM-2
MONITOR handler).
The interface selections are all done by pinstrapping. The possible interface selections
are listed in table 2. The selection pins are evaluated when the reset input RST or a reset
of the undervoltage detection is released. For the pin levels stated in the tables the
following is de fined:
’High’: dynamic pin value which must be ’High’ when the pin level is evaluated
VDD, VSS: static ’High’ or ’Low’ level
The mapping of all accessible registers can be found in figure 82 in chapter 7.
The microcontroller interface also consists of a microcontroller clock generation at pin
MCLK and an interrupt request at pin INT.
Table 2
Interface Selection
PIN
CS Interface
Type/Mode
‘High’Seri al Control Interface
(SCI)
VSS IOM-2 MONITOR Channel
(Slave Mode)
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2.1.1 Serial Control Interface (SCI)
The serial control interface (SCI) is compatible to the SPI interface of Motorola or
Siemens C510 family of microcontrollers.
The SCI consis ts of 4 lines: SCLK, SDX, SDR and CS . Data are transferr ed via the lines
SDR and SDX at the rate given by SCLK. The falling edge of CS indicates the b eginning
of a serial access to the registers. Incoming data is latched at the rising edge of SCLK
and shifts out at the falling edge of SCLK. Each access mus t be terminated by a rising
edge of CS. Data is transferred in groups of 8 bits with the MSB first.
Figure 10 shows the timing of a one byte read/write access via the serial control
interface.
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Data Sheet 21 2001-03-07
Figure 10
Serial Control Interface Timing
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Data Sheet 22 2001-03-07
2.1.1.1 Programming Sequences
The principle structure of a read/write access to the SCOUT registers via the serial
control interface is shown in figure 11.
Figure 11
Serial Command Structure
A new progr amming sequence starts wi th the transfer of a header byte. The he ader byte
specifies different programming sequences allowing a flexible and optimized access to
the individual functional blocks of the SCOUT.
The possible sequences are listed in tab le 3 and are described afterwards.
Table 3
Header Byte Code
Header
Byte Sequence Sequence Type Access to
00HCmd-Data-Data-Data ARCO FI compatible,
non-interleaved Codec reg./CRAM
(indirect)
08HARCOFI com pat ible,
interleaved
40Hnon-interleaved Address Range 00H-6FH
44HAdr-Data-Adr-Data CRAM (80H-FFH)
48Hinterleaved Address Range 00H-6FH
4CHCRAM (80H-FFH)
SDR
write sequence:
read sequence:
SDR
7 076 07 0
write data
address (command)
re ad data
0
1
write
read
7 076 07 0
header
byte 2
byte 3
header
byte 2 byte 3
SDX
address (command)
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Header 00H: ARCOFI Compatible Sequence
This programming sequence is compatible to the SOP, COP and XOP command
sequences of the ARCOFI. It gives indirect access to the codec registers 60H-6FH and
the CRAM (80H-FFH). The codec command word (cmdw) is followed by a defined
number of data bytes (data n; n = 0, 1, 4 or 8). The number of d ata bytes depends on the
codec command word. The commands can be applied in any order and number. The
coding of the different SOP, COP and XOP commands is listed in the description of the
command word (CMDW) in chapter 4.8.
Structure of the ARCOFI compatible sequence:
Header 40H, 44H: Non-interleaved A-D-A-D Sequences
The non-interleaved A-D-A-D sequences give direct read/write access to the address
range 00H-6FH (header 40H) or the CRAM range 80H-FFH (header 44H) respectively and
can have any length. In this mode SDX and SDR can be connected together allowing
data transmission on one line.
Example for a read/write access with header 40H or 44H:
4AHRead-/Write-only Address Range 00H-6FH
4EH(address autoincrement) CRAM (80H-FFH)
43HAdr-Data-Data-Data Read-/Write-only
41Hnon-interleaved Address Range 00H-6FH
49Hinterleaved
SDR header wradr wrdata rdadr rdadr wradr wrdata
SDX rddata rdata
Table 3
Header Byte Code
cmdw
00Hdata n data 1 cmd data n data 1
defined length defined length
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Header 48H, 4CH: Interleaved A-D-A-D Sequences
The interleaved A-D-A-D sequences give direct read/write access to the address range
00H-6FH (header 48H) or the CRAM range 80H-FFH (header 4CH) respectively and can
have any length. This mode allows a time optimized access to the registers by
interleaving the data on SDX and SDR.
Example for a read/write access with header 48H or 4CH:
Header 4AH, 4EH: R ead-/Write-only A-D-D-D Sequences (Address Auto increment )
The A-D-D-D sequences give a fast read-/write-only access to the address range 00H-
6FH (header 4AH) or the CRAM range 80H-FFH (header 4EH) respectively.
The starting address (wradr, rdadr) is incremented automatically after every data byte.
The sequence can have any length and is terminated by the rising edge of CS.
Example for a write access with header 4AH or 4EH:
Example for a read access with header 4AH or 4EH:
SDR header wradr wrdata rdadr rdadr wradr wrdata
SDX rddata rddata
SDR header wradr wrdata
(wradr) wrdata
(wradr+1) wrdata
(wradr+2) wrdata
(wradr+3) wrdata
(wradr+4) wrdata
(wradr+5) wrdata
(wradr+6)
SDX
SDR header rdadr
SDX rddata
(rdadr) rddata
(rdadr+1) rddata
(rdadr+2) rddata
(rdadr+3) rddata
(rdadr+4) rddata
(rdadr+5) rddata
(rdadr+6)
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Header 43H: Read-/Write- only A-D-D-D Seq uence
This mode (header 43H) can be used for a fast access to the HDLC FIFO data. Any
address (rdadr, wradr) in the range between 00h and 1F gives access to the current
FIFO location selected by an internal pointer which is automatically incremented with
every data byte fol l owing the fi r st addr ess byte. The sequence ca n have any l ength and
is terminated by the rising edge of CS.
Example for a write access with header 43H:
Example for a read access with header 43H:
Header 41H: Non-interleaved A-D-D-D Sequence
This sequence (header 41H) allows in front of the A-D-D-D write access a non-
interleaved A-D-A-D read access. This mode is useful for reading status information
before writing to the HDLC XFIFO. The termination condition of the read access is the
reception of the wradr. The sequence can have any length and is terminated by the rising
edge of CS.
Example for a read/write access with header 41H:
Header 49H: Interleaved A-D-D-D Sequence
This sequence (header 49H) allows in front of the A-D-D-D write access an interleaved
A-D-A-D read access. This mode is useful for reading status information before writing
to the HDLC XFIFO. The termination conditi on of the r ead access is th e reception o f the
wradr. The sequence can have any length and is terminated by the rising edge of the CS
line.
Example for a read/write access with header 49H:
SDR header wradr wrdata
(wradr) wrdata
(wradr) wrdata
(wradr) wrdata
(wradr) wrdata
(wradr) wrdata
(wradr) wrdata
(wradr)
SDX
SDR header rdadr
SDX rddata
(rdadr) rddata
(rdadr) rddata
(rdadr) rddata
(rdadr) rddata
(rdadr) rddata
(rdadr) rddata
(rdadr)
SDR header rdadr rdadr wradr wrdata
(wradr) wrdata
(wradr) wrdata
(wradr)
SDX rddata rddata
SDR header rdadr rdadr wradr wrdata
(wradr) wrdata
(wradr) wrdata
(wradr)
SDX rddata rddata
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Data Sheet 26 2001-03-07
2.1.2 Interrupt Structure and Logic
Special events in the SCOUT are indi cated by means of a sing le i nter r upt outp ut, whi ch
requests the host to read status information from the SCOUT or transfer data from/to the
SCOUT.
Since only one INT request output is provided, the cause of an interrupt must be
determined by the host reading the interrupt status registers of the SCOUT.
The structure of the interrupt status registers is shown in figure 12.
Figure 12
SCOUT Interrupt St atus Registers
RME
RPF
RFO
XPR
XMR
XDU
CIC
ST
MOS
TRAN
RME
RPF
RFO
XPR
XMR
XDU
MASKH ISTAH
HDLC
TIN
WOV
INT
STI11
ISTA
MASK
MSTI STI
STI10
STI20
STI21
STOV10
STOV11
STOV20
STOV21
CIC1
CI1E CIC0
CIR0 ISTATR
CIX1
RIC RIC
MASKTR
LD LD
CIC
ST
MOS
TRAN
HDLC
TIN
WOV
MRE MDR
MIE MDA
MER
MAB
MOSR
MOCR
STI11
STI10
STI20
STI21
STOV10
STOV11
STOV20
STOV21
ACK11
ACK10
ACK20
ACK21
ASTI
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Five interrupt bits in the ISTA register point at interrupt sources in the HDLC Controller
(HDLC), Monitor- (MOS) and C/I- (CIC) handler, the transceiver (TRAN) and the
synchronous transfer (ST). The timer interrupt (TIN) and the watchdog timer overflow
(WOV) can be read directly from the ISTA register. All these interrupt sources are
described in the corresponding chapters. After the SCOUT has requested an interrupt
by setting its INT pin to l ow, the h ost must r ead f irs t the SCOUT i nter rupt status r egister
(ISTA) in the associated interrupt service routine. The INT pin of the SCOUT remains
active until all interrupt sources are cleared by reading the corresponding interrupt
re gi st e r. T her ef o r e it is po ss i bl e t h at t he INT pin is still active when the interrupt service
routine is finished.
Each interrupt indication of the interrupt status registers can selectively be masked by
setting the respective bit in the MASK register.
For some i nterrupt contr ollers o r hosts it might be necessar y to generate a new edg e on
the interrupt line to recognize pending interrupts. This can be done by masking all
interrupts at the end of the interrupt service routine (writing FFH into the MASK register)
and write back the old mask to the MASK register.
A low level at pin EAW generates an interrupt indication which is set at the LD bit of the
ISTATR register. If thi s LD bi t has been set due to an level det ect interrupt, the LD bit in
the transceiver status register TR_STA is set additionally.
Therefore pin EAW has to be connected to ’1’, if no interrupt should be generated.
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Data Sheet 28 2001-03-07
2.1.3 Microcontroller Clock Generation
The microcontroller clock is provided by the pin MCLK. Five clock rates are selectable by
a programmable prescaler (see chapter clock generation figure 78) wh ich is contro lled
by the MODE1.MCLK bit corresponding following table. By setting the clock divider
selection bit (MODE1.CDS) a doubled MCLK frequency is available.
The possible MCLK frequencies are listed in table 4.
The clock rate is changed after CS becomes inactive.
Table 4
MCLK Frequencies
MCLK
Bits MCLK Frequency
with MODE1.CDS = ’0’MCLK Frequency
with MODE1 . CDS = ’1’
’00’3.84 MHz (default) 7.68 MHz (default)
’01’0.96 MHz 1.92 MHz
’10’7.68 MHz 15.36 MHz
’11’disabled disabled
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Data Sheet 29 2001-03-07
2.2 IOM-2 Interface
The SCOUT sup ports the IOM- 2 interface in ter minal mode with si ngle clock and doubl e
clock. The IOM-2 interface consists of four lines: FSC, DCL, DD and DU. The rising edge
of FSC indicates the start of an IOM-2 frame. The FSC signal is generated by the receive
DPLL which synchronizes to the received line frame. The DCL and the BCL outp ut clock
signals synchronize the data transfer on both data lines. The DCL is twice the bit rate,
the BCL output rate is equal to the bit rate. The bits are shifted out with the rising edge
of the first DCL clock cycle and sampled at the falling edge of the second clock cycle.
The BCL clock together with the two serial data strobe signals (SDS1, SDS2) can be
used to connect time slot oriented standard devices to the IOM-2 interface.
The IOM-2 interface can be enabled/disabled with the DIS_IOM bit in the IOM_CR
register. The BCL clock output can be enabled separately with the EN_BCL bit.
The clock rate or frequency respectively of the IOM-signals in TE mode are:
DD, DU: 768 kbit/s
DCL: 1536 kHz (double clock rate); 768 kHz (single clock rate if DIS_TR = ’1’)
FSC: 8 kHz.
If the transceiver is disabled (TR_CONF.DIS_TR) the DCL and FSC pins become input
and the HDLC and codec parts can still work via IOM-2. In this case it can be selected
with the clock mode bit (IOM_CR.CLKM) between a double clock and a single clock
input.
Note: One IOM-2 frame has to consist of a multiple of 64 (32) DCL clocks for a double
(single) clock selection.
Figure 13 Clock waveforms
BCL
DCL
FSC
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Data Sheet 30 2001-03-07
2.2.1 IOM-2 Frame St ructure
The frame structur e on the IOM-2 data ports (DU, DD ) i n IOM- 2 term in al mode is shown
in figure 14 .
Figure 14
IOM-2 Frame Structure in Terminal Mode
The frame is composed of three channels
•Channel 0 contains 144-kbit/s of user and signaling data (2B + D), a MONITOR
programming channel (MON0) and a command/indication channel (CI0) for control
and programming of the layer-1 transceiver.
•Channel 1 contai ns two 64-kbi t/s intercomm unication channels ( IC) pl us a MONITOR
and command/indicate channel (MON1, CI1) to program or transfer data to other IOM-
2 devices.
•Channel 2 is used for the TlC-bus access. Additionally channel 2 supports further IC
and MON channels.
Note: Each octet related to any integrated functional block can be programmed to any
timeslot (see chapter 7.2.2) except the C/I0- and D- channels that are always
related to timeslot 0.
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Data Sheet 31 2001-03-07
2.2.2 IOM-2 Handler
The IOM-2 handler offers a great flexibility for handling the data transfer between the
different functional units of the SCOUT and voice/data devices connected to the IOM-2
interface. Additionally it provides a microcontroller access to all time slots of the IOM-2
interface via the four controller data access registers (CDA). Figure 15 shows the
architecture of the IOM- 2 handler. For illustrati ng the functional descriptio n it contains al l
configuration and control registers of the IOM-2 handler. A detailed register description
can be found in chapter 7.2
The PCM data of the functional units
•Codec (CO)
•Transceiver (TR) and the
•Controller data access (CDA)
can be configured by programming the time slot and data port selection registers
(TSDP). With the TSS bits (Time Slot Selection) the PCM data of the fun ctional units can
be assigned to e ach of the 12 PCM time slo ts of the IOM-2 frame. With the DPS bit (Data
Port Selection) the output of each functional unit is assigned to DU or DD respectively.
The input is assigned vice versa. With the control registers (CR) the access to the data
of the functional units can be controlled by setting the corresponding control bits ( EN,
SWAP).
To avoid data collisions it has to be noticed that the C/I and D channels of the enabled
transceiver are alw ays related to time sl ot 3. If the monitor handl er is enabl ed its data is
related to time slot TS (2, 6 or 10) and the appropriate MR and MX bits to time slot TS+1
depending on the MCS bits of register MON_CR.
The IOM-2 handler provides also access to the
•MONITOR channel (MON)
•C/I channels (CI0,CI1)
•TIC bus (TIC) and
•D- and B-channel for HDLC control
The access to these channels is controlled by the registers HCI_CR and MON_CR.
The IOM-2 interface with the two Serial Data Strobes (SDS1,2) is controlled by the
control registers IOM_CR, SDS1_CR and SDS2_CR.
The reset configuration of the SCOUT IOM-2 handler corresponds to the defined frame
structure and data ports in IOM-2 terminal mode (see figure 14 ).
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Data Sheet 32 2001-03-07
.
Figure 15
Architecture of the IOM Handler
TR_B1_X
CO_TSDPxy
CO_CR
IOM-2 Interface
Control
Codec Data
(TSS, DPS,
EN)
Codec Data (CO)
Transceiver
Data (TR)
Control
Data Access
(TSDP, DPS,
EN, SWAP,
TBM, MCDA,
STI)
Control
Transceiver
Data
Access
(TSS, DPS,
EN)
MONCI1
TIC
Data
Microcontroller Interface
IOMHAND.VSD
DU
DD
DUDDFSCDCLBCL
CO10X
CO10R
IOM-2 Handler
TR_TSDP_B1
CI0
Control
HDLC
D-, B-
Data
(EN)
Control
Monitor
Data
(DPS,EN
MCS)
Control
C/I1
Data
(DPS,EN)
HDLC FIFO
MON_CRHCI_CR
SDS2
SDS1
IOM_CR
SDS1/2_CR
Codec Data
CDA Data
Monitor Data
CI1 Data
B1/B2/D - Data
D/B1/B2 Data
TIC Bus Data
(EN, TLEN, TSS)
(EN, OD)
DU
DD
x,y = 1 or 2
CI0 Data
CDA
Register
CDA10
Controller Data
Access (CDA)
C/IO - Data
Handler
CDA_TSDPxy
CDA_CRx
MCDA
STI
MSTI
ASTI
CDA11
CDA20
CDA21
CO11X
CO20X
CO21X
CO11R
CO20R
CO21RTR_TSDP_B2
TR_CR
TR_B2_X
TR_D_X
TR_D_R
TR_B1_R
TR_B2_R
TIC Bus
Disable
(TIC_DIS)
IOM_CR
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Data Sheet 33 2001-03-07
2.2.2.1 Controller Data Access (CDA)
The IOM-2 handler provides with its four controller data access registers (CDA10,
CDA11, CDA20, CDA21) a very flexible solution for the access to the 12 IOM-2 time slots
by the microcontroller.
The functiona l unit CDA ( controller da ta access) allows wi th its control an d configuration
registers
•looping of up to four indepen dent PCM channels from DU to DD or vice versa with the
four CDA registers
•shifting or switching of two independent PCM channels to another two independent
PCM channels on both data ports (DU, DD)
•monitoring of up to four time slots on the IOM-2 interface simultaneously
•microcontroller read and write access to each PCM channel
The access principle which is identical for the two channel register pai rs CDA10/11 and
CDA20/21 is illustrated in figure 16. The index variables x,y used in the following
description can be 1 or 2 for x, and 0 or 1 for y. The prefix ’CDA_’ from the register names
has been omitted for simplification.
To each of the fo ur CD Axy d ata r egi sters a CDA_TSDPxy r egi ster is a ssigned by wh ich
the time slot and the data port can be determined. With the TSS (Time Slot Selection)
bits a time slot from 0...11 can be selected. With the DPS (Data Port Selection) bit the
output of the CDAxy register can be assigned to DU or DD respectively. The time slot
and data port for the output of CDAxy is always defined by its own CDA_TSDPxy
register. The input of CDAxy depends on the SWAP bit in the control registers CRx.
If the SWAP bit = ’0’ the time slot and data port for the input and output of the CDAxy
register is defined by its own CDA_TSDPxy register. The data port for the CDAxy input
is vice versa to the output setting for CDAxy.
If the SWAP bit = ’1’, the input port and time slot of the CDAx0 is defined by the
CDA_TSDP register of CDAx1 and the input port and time slot of CDAx1 is defined by
the CDA_TSDP register of CDAx0.
The input and output of every CDAxy register can be enabled or disabled by setting the
correspondin g EN (- able) bi t in the control re gister C DAx_CR. If the input of a register is
disabled the output value in the register is retained.
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Data Sheet 34 2001-03-07
.
Figure 16
Data Access via CDAx0 and CDAx1 register pairs
2.2.2.1.1 Looping and Shifting Data
Figure 17 gives examples for typical configurations with the above explained control and
configuration possibilities with the bits TSS, DPS, EN and SWAP in the registers
TSDPxy or CDAx_CR:
a) looping IOM-2 time slot data from DU to DD or vice versa (SWAP = ’0’)
b) shifting data from TSa to TSb on DU and DD (SWAP = ’1’)
c) switching data from TSa (DU) to TSb(DD) and TSb (DU) to TSa (DD)
DU
CDAx1
Control
Register
CDA_CRx
DD
11
Time Slot
Selection (T SS)
Input
Swap
(SWAP)
1
x = 1 or 2; a,b = 0...11
Data Po rt
CDA_TSDPx1
01
0
1
IOM_HAND.FM4
10
11
Enable
input
(EN_O0)
output
CDA_TSDPx0
1
0
CDAx0
1
(EN_I0) (EN_I1)
inputEnable
output
(EN_O1)
Select io n (D PS)
Data Port
Selection (DPS) Selectio n (T SS)
Time Slot
TSa
TSa
TSb
TSb
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Data Sheet 35 2001-03-07
Figure 17
Examples for Data Access via CDAxy Registers
a) Looping Data
b) Shifting Data
c) Switching Data
TSa TSb
CDAx0
TSa TSb
DU
DD
TSa TSb DU
DD
b) Shifting Data
a) Looping Data
.TSS:
.DPS
.SWAP ’0’’1’
’0’
TSa TSb
.TSS:
.DPS
.SWAP ’1’’1’
’0’
TSa TSb DU
DD
c) Switching Data
TSa TSb
.TSS:
.DPS
.SWAP ’1’’0’
’0’
.x = 1 or 2
CDAx0
CDAx0 CDAx0
CDAx0 CDAx0
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Data Sheet 36 2001-03-07
2.2.2.1.2 Monitoring Data
Figure 18 gives an example for monitoring of two IOM-2 time slots each on DU or DD
simultaneously. For monitoring on DU and/or DD the channel registers with even
numbers (CDA10 , CDA20) are assigned to time slots with even numbers TS(2n) and the
channel registers with odd numbers (CDA11, CDA21) are assigned to time slots with odd
numbers TS(2m+1) (n,m = 0...5). The user has to take care of this restriction by
programming the appropriate time slots.
.
Figure 18
Example for Monitoring Data
2.2.2.1.3 Monitoring TIC Bus
Monitoring the TIC bus (TS11) is handled as a special case. The TIC bus can be
monitored with the registers CDAx0 by setting the EN_TBM (Enable TIC Bus Monitoring)
bit in the control registers CRx. The TSDPx0 must be set to 08h for monitoring from DU
or 88h for monitoring from DD respectively.
CDA10 CDA11
CDA20 CDA21
TS(2n) TS(2m+1) DU
DD
a) Monitoring Data
TSS:
TS(2n) TS(2m+1)
TSS: ’1’’1’
DPS:
’0’’0’
DPS:
’0’’0’
EN_O: ’1’’1’
EN_I:
’0’’0’
EN_O: ’1’’1’
EN_I:
CDA_CR1.
CDA_CR2.
n,m = 0...5
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Data Sheet 37 2001-03-07
2.2.2.1.4 Synchronous Transf er
While loop ing, shifting and switching (see figure 21 and 22) the data can be accessed by
the controller between the synchronous transfer interrupt (STI) and the synchronous
transfer overflow interrupt (STOV).
The microcontroller access to the CDAxy registers can be synchronized by means of
four programmable synchronous transfer interrupts (STIxy) and synchronous transfer
overflow interrupts (STOVxy) in the STI register.
Depending on the DPS bit in the corresponding CDA_TSDPxy register the STIxy is
generated two (for DPS=’0’) or one (for DPS=’1’) BCL clock after the selected time slot
(CDA_TSDPxy.TSS). One BCL clock is equivalent to two DCL clocks.
A non masked synchronous transfer overflow (STOVx0y0) interrupt is generated if the
appropriate STIx1y1 is not acknowledged in time. The STIx1y1 is acknowledged in time
if bit ACKx1y1 in the ASTI register is set to ’1’ one BCL clock (for DPS=’0’) or zero BCL
clocks (for DPS=’1’) before the time slot which is selected for the appropriate STOVx0y0.
If STIx1y1 and STOVx1y1 are not masked STOVx1y1 is only related to STIx1y1 (see
example a), c) and d) of figure 20).
If STIx1y1 is masked but STOVx1y1 is not masked, STOVx0y0 is related to each enabled
STIxy (see example b) and d) of figure 20).
Setting the corresponding bits in the MSTI (Mask Synchronous Transfer Interrupts)
register masks the STIxy and the STOVxy interrupt. The interrupt structure of the
synchronous transfer is shown in figure 19. Examples of the described synchronous
transfer interrupt controlling are illustrated in Figure 20. A read to the STI register clears
the STIxy and STOVxy interrupts.
.
Figure 19
Interrupt Structure of the Synchronous Data Transfer
CIC
ST
MOS
TRAN
HDLC HDLC
TIN
WOV
CIC
ST
MOS
TRAN
TIN
WOV
INT
STI11
ISTAMASK MSTI STI
STI10
STI20
STI21
STOV10
STOV11
STOV20
STOV21
STI11
STI10
STI20
STI21
STOV10
STOV11
STOV20
STOV21
ACK11
ASTI
ACK10
ACK20
ACK21
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Data Sheet 38 2001-03-07
.
Figure 20
Examples for the Synchronous Tra nsfer Inte rrupt Control with one enabled STIxy
xy: 10 11 21 20
CDA_TDSPxy.TSS: TS0 TS1 TS5 TS11
MSTI.STIxy: ’0’’1’’1’’1’
MSTI.STOVxy: ’0’’1’’1’’1’
TS7TS5 TS6TS4TS3TS1 TS2TS0 TS11TS9 TS10TS8 TS0TS11
a) Interrupts for data access to time slot 0 (B1 after reset), MSTI.STI10 and MSTI.STOV10 enabled
xy: 10 11 21 20
CDA_TDSPxy.TSS: TS0 TS1 TS5 TS11
MSTI.STIxy: ’0’’1’’1’’1’
MSTI.STOVxy: ’1’’1’’1’’0’
TS7TS5 TS6TS4TS3TS1 TS2TS0 TS11TS9 TS10TS8 TS0TS11
b) Interrupts for data access to time slot 0 (B1 after reset), STOV interrupt used as flag for "last possible CDA
access"; MSTI.STI10 and MSTI.STOV20 enabled
c) Interrupts for data access to time slot 0 and 1 (B1 and B2 after reset), MSTI.STI10, MSTI.STOV10,
MSTI.STI11 and MSTI.STOV11 enabled
sti_stov.vsd
xy: 10 11 21 20
CDA_TDSPxy.TSS: TS0 TS1 TS5 TS11
MSTI.STIxy: ’0’’0’’1’’1’
MSTI.STOVxy: ’0’’0’’1’’1’
TS7TS5 TS6TS4TS3TS1 TS2TS0 TS11TS9 TS10TS8 TS0TS11
d) Interrupts for data access to time slot 0 (B1 after reset), STOV20 interrupt used as flag for "last possible CDA
access", STOV10 interrupt used as flag for "CDA access failed"; MSTI.STI10, MSTI.STOV10 and
MSTI.STOV20 enabled
xy: 10 11 21 20
CDA_TDSPxy.TSS: TS0 TS1 TS5 TS11
MSTI.STIxy: ’0’’1’’1’’1’
MSTI.STOVxy: ’0’’1’’1’’0’
TS7TS5 TS6TS4TS3TS1 TS2TS0 TS11TS9 TS10TS8 TS0TS11
:STOV interrupt generated for a not acknowledged STI interrupt
:STI interrupt generated
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Data Sheet 39 2001-03-07
Figure 21 shows the timing of looping TSa on DU to TSa on DD (a = 0...11) via CDAxy
register. TSa is read in the CDAxy register from DU and is written one frame later on DD.
.
Figure 21
Data Access when Looping TSa from DU to DD
TSa
DU TSa
FSC
CDAxy
µC
RD
WR
ACK
STOV
TSa
DD TSa
STI
a = 0...11
*) if access by the µC is required
*)
STI
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Data Sheet 40 2001-03-07
Figure 22 shows the timing of shifting data from TSa to TSb on DU(DD). In figure 22a)
shifting is done in one frame because TSa and TSb didn’t succeed direct one another
(a,b = 0...9 and b ≥ a+2). In figure 22b) shifting is done from one frame to the following
frame. This is the case when the time slots succeed one other (b = a+1) or b is smaller
than a (b < a).
Figure 22
Data Access when Shifting TSa to TSb on DU (DD)
TSa
DU TSb
FSC
CDAxy
µC
RD
WR
ACK
STOV
STI
TSa
STI
TSa
CDAxy
µC
RD
WR
ACK
STOV
STI
TSb TSa TSb
(DD)
(a,b: 0...11 and (b = a+1 or b <a)
DU
(DD)
(a,b: 0...11 and b ≥ a+2)
a) Shifting TSa → TSb within one frame
b) Shifting TSa → TSb in the next frame
*) if acces s by the µC is required
*)
*)
STI
FSC
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Data Sheet 41 2001-03-07
2.2.3 Serial Data Strobe Signal and strobed Data Clock
For time slot oriented standard devices connected to the IOM-2 interface the SCOUT
provides two independent data strobe signals SDS1 and SDS2. The SDS2 function is
shared with the RSTO function at pin RSTO/SDS2, therefore the SDS2 functionality
must be selected by setting the RSS bits in the MODE1 register to ’01’.
Instead of a data strobe si gnal a strobed IOM bit clo ck can be provided on pin SDS1 and
SDS2.
2.2.3.1 Serial Data Strobe Signal
The two strobe signals can be generated with every 8-kHz frame and are controlled by
the registers SDS1/2_CR. By programming the TSS bits and three enable bits
(ENS_TSS, ENS_TSS+1, ENS_TSS+3) a data strobe can be generated for the IOM-2
time slots TS, TS+1 and TS+3 and any combination of them.
The data strobes for TS and TS+1 are always 8 bits long (bit7 to bit0) whereas the data
strobe for TS+3 is always 2 bits long (bit7, bit6).
Figure 23 shows three examples for the generation of a strobe si gnal . I n examp le 1 the
SDS is active during channel B2 on IOM-2 whereas in the second example during IC1
and IC2. The third example shows a strobe sign al for 2B+D channel s which is used e.g.
at an IDSL (144kbit/s) transmissio n.
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Data Sheet 42 2001-03-07
Figure 23
Data Strobe Signal
FSC
DD,DU
M
RM
X
D CI0
SDS1,2
(Example1)
SDS1,2
(Example2)
SDS1,2
(Example3)
TSS
ENS_TSS
ENS_TSS+1
ENS_TSS+3
Example 1: = ’0
H
’
= ’0’
= ’1’
= ’0’
TSS
ENS_TSS
ENS_TSS+1
ENS_TSS+3
Example 2: = ’5
H
’
= ’1’
= ’1’
= ’0’
TSS
ENS_TSS
ENS_TSS+1
ENS_TSS+3
Example 3: = ’0
H
’
= ’1’
= ’1’
= ’1’
TS0 TS11TS10TS9TS8TS7TS6TS5TS4TS3TS2TS1 TS0 TS1
B1 B2 MON0 IC1 IC2 MON1
M
RM
X
CI1
strobe.vsd
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Data Sheet 43 2001-03-07
2.2.3.2 Strobed IOM-2 B it Clock
The strobed IOM bi t clock is active durin g the pr ogrammed windo w (see chapter 7.2. 8).
Outside the programmed window a ’0’ is driven. Two examples are shown in figure 24.
Figure 24
Strobed IOM Bit Clock. Regist er SDS_CONF prog rammed to 01H or 03H
FSC
DD,DU
M
RM
X
DCI0
SDS1
(Example1)
SDS1
(Example2)
TS0 TS11TS10TS9TS8TS7TS6TS5TS4TS3TS2TS1 TS0 TS1
B1 B2 MON0 IC1 IC2 MON1
M
RM
X
CI1
bcl_strobed.vsd
TSS
ENS_TSS
ENS_TSS+1
ENS_TSS+3
Example 1: = ’0
H
’
= ’0’
= ’0’
= ’1’
TSS
ENS_TSS
ENS_TSS+1
ENS_TSS+3
Example 2: = ’5
H
’
= ’1’
= ’1’
= ’0’
Setting of SDS1_CR:
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Data Sheet 44 2001-03-07
2.2.4 IOM-2 Monitor Channel
The IOM-2 MONITOR channel (see figure 14) is utilized for information exchange
between the SCOUT and other devices connected to the MONITOR channel.
The MONITOR channel data can be controlled by the bits in the MONITOR control
register (MON_CR). For the MONITOR data one of the three IOM channels can be
selected by setting the MONITOR channel selection bits (MCS). The DPS bit in the same
register selects between an output on DU or DD respectively and with EN_MON the
MONITOR data can be enabled/disabled. The default value is MONITOR channel 0
(MON0) enabled and transmission on DD.
Figure 25
Examples of MONITOR Channel Applications
SCOUT
Layer 1CODEC
MONITOR Handler
SCOUT
Layer 1CODEC
MONITOR Handler V/D Module
e.g. Jade
PSB 7238
SCOUT
Layer 1CODEC
MONITOR Handler
µC
SCOUT as
Slave Device
µC
SCOUT as
Master Device
monappl.vsd
IOM-2 MONITOR Channel
V/D Module
e.g. ARCOFI-BA
PSB 2161
IOM-2 MONITOR Channel
V/D Module
e.g. Jade
PSB 7238
µC
SCOUT as
Master Device
µC
Data Exchange between two Microcontroller Systems
IOM-2 MONITOR Channel
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Data Sheet 45 2001-03-07
The MONITOR channel can be used in following applications which are illustrated in
figure 25:
•As a master device the SCOUT can program and control other devices attached to
the IOM-2 which do not need a microcontroller interface e.g. ARCOFI-BA PSB 2161.
This facilitates redesigning existing terminal designs in which e.g. an interface of an
expansion slot is realized with IOM-2 interface and monitor programming.
•As a slave device the codec and the transceiver part of the SCOUT is programmed
and controll ed fro m a m aster devi ce on IOM- 2 ( e.g. JADE PSB 7 238) . This i s used i n
applicati ons where no micro controller i s connected directly to t he SCOUT. The HDLC
controlling is processed by the master device therefore the HDLC data is transferred
via IOM-2 interface directly to the master device.
•For data exchange between two microcontroller systems attached to two different
devices on one IOM-2 backpla ne. Use of the MONITOR channel avoids the necessity
of a dedicated serial communication path between the two systems. This simplifies the
system design of terminal equipment.
2.2.4.1 Handshake Procedure
The MONITOR channel operates on a n asynchronous basis. While data transfers on the
bus take place synchronized to frame sync, the flow of data is controlled by a handshake
procedure using the MONITOR Channel Receive (MR) and MONITOR Channel
Transmit (MX) bits. Data is placed onto the MONITOR channel and the MX bit is
activated. This data will be transmitted once per 8-kHz frame until the transfer is
acknowledged via the MR bit.
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Data Sheet 46 2001-03-07
The MONITOR channel protocol is described In the following section and illustrated in
Figure 26. The relevan t control and status bits for transmission and reception are listed
in table 5 and table 6.
Table 5
Transmission of MONITOR Data
Control/
Status Bit Register Bit Function
Control MOCR M XC MX Bit Control
MIE Interrupt (MDA, MAB, MER) Enable
Status MOSR MDA Data Acknowledged Interrupt
MAB Data Abort Interrupt
MSTA MAC Transmi ssion Active
Table 6
Reception of MONITOR Data
Control/
Status Bit Register Bit Function
Control MOCR MRC MR Bit Control
MRE Receive Interrupt (MDR) Enable
Status MOSR MDR D ata Received Interrupt
MER End of Reception Interrupt
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Figure 26
MONITOR Channel Protocol (IOM-2)
Transmission
µC
MIE=1
MOX=ADR
MXC=1
MAC=1
MDA Int.
MOX=DATA1
MDA Int.
MOX=DATA2
MDA Int.
MXC=0
MAC=0
MON
FF
FF
ADR
DATA1
DATA2
ADR
DATA1
DATA2
FF
FF
MX
DATA1
DATA1
DATA2
DATA2
FF
FF
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
MR
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
Reception
µC
125µs
MDR Int.
RD MOR (=ADR)
MRC=1
MER Int.
MRC=0
MDR Int.
RD MOR
(=DATA2)
RD MOR
(=DATA1)
MDR Int.
ADR 0 1
ADR 00
MRE=1
MIE=1
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Data Sheet 48 2001-03-07
Before starting a transmission, the microcontroller should verify that the transmitter is
inactive, i.e. t hat a possible previous transmission has been terminated. This is indicated
by a ’0’ in the MONITOR Channel Active MAC status bit.
After having written the MONITOR Data Transmit (MOX) register, the microcontroller
sets the MONITOR Transmit Control bit MXC to ’1’. This enable s the MX b it to go active
(0), indicating the presence of valid MONITOR data (contents of MOX) in the
corresponding frame. As a result, the receiving device stores the MONITOR byte in its
MONITOR Receive MOR register and generates an MDR interrupt status (MRE must be
’1’).
Alerted by the MDR interrupt, the microcontroller reads the MONITOR Receive (MOR)
register. When it is ready to accept data (e.g. based on the value in MOR, which in a
point-to -multipoin t application m ight be the addr ess of the destinati on device), it set s the
MR control bit MRC to ’1’ to e nable the recei ver to st ore succeedin g MONI TOR channel
bytes and acknowledge them according to the MONITOR channel protoc ol. In addition,
it enables other MONITOR channel interrupts by setting MONITOR Interrupt Enable
(MIE) to ’1’.
As a result, the f irst MONITOR byte i s acknowledged by the r eceiving device sett ing the
MR bit to ’0’. This causes a MONITOR Data Acknowledge MDA interrupt status at the
transmitter.
A new MONITOR data byte can now be written by the microcontroller in MOX. The MX
bit is still in the active (0) state. The transmitter indicates a new byte in the MONITOR
channel by returning the MX bit active after sending it once in the inactive state. As a
result, the receiver stores the MONITOR byte in MOR and generates a new MDR
interrupt status. When the microcontroller has read the MOR register, the receiver
acknowledges the data by returning the MR bit active after send ing it once in the inactive
state. This in turn causes the transmitter to generate an MDA interrupt status.
This "MDA interrupt – write data – MDR interrupt – read data – MDA interrupt"
handshake is repeated as long as the transmitter has data to send.
When the last byte has been acknowledged by the receiver (MDA interrupt status), the
microcontroller sets the MONITOR Transmit Control bit MXC to ’0’. This enforces an
inactive (’1’) state in the MX bit. Two frames of MX inactive signifies the end of a
message. Thus, a MONITOR Channel End of Reception MER interrupt status is
generated by the receiver when the MX bit is received in the inactive state in two
consecutive frames. As a result, the microcontroller sets the MR control bit MRC to 0,
which in turn enforces an inactive state in the MR bit. This marks the end of the
transmission, making the MONITOR Channel Active MAC bit return to ’0’.
During a transmission process, it is possi ble for the r eceiver to ask a transmission to be
aborted by sending an inactive MR bit value in two consecutive frames. This is effected
by the microcontroller writing the MR control bit MRC to ’0’. An aborted transmission is
indicated by a MONITOR Channel Data Abort MAB interrupt status at the transmitter.
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Data Sheet 49 2001-03-07
The MONITOR transfer protocol rules are summarized in the following section
•A pair of MX and MR in the inactive state for two or more consecutive frames indicates
an idle state or an end of transmission.
•A start of a transmission is initiated by the transmitter by setting the MXC bit to ’1’
enabling the internal MX control. The re ceiver acknowl edges the received first byte b y
setting the MR control bit to ’1’ enabling the internal MR control.
•The internal M X,MR control in dicates or acknowled ges a new byte in the MON slot b y
toggling MX,MR from the active to the inactive state for one frame.
•Two frames with the MX-bit in the inactive state indicate the end of transmission.
•Two frames with the MR-bit set to inactive indicate a receiver request for abort.
•The transmitter can delay a transmission sequence by sending the same byte
continuously. In that case the MX-bit remains active in the IOM-2 frame following the
first byte occurrence.
•Since a double last -l ook criterion is impl emen ted the receiver is able to r eceive the
MON slot data at least twice (in two consecutive frames). The receiver acknowledge
the data after the reception of two identical bytes in two successive frames.
•To control this handshake procedure a colli sion detection mech anism is implemented
in the transmi tter. This is don e by making a collision check per bi t on the tr ansmitted
MONITOR data and the MX bit.
•Monitor data will be transmitted repeatedly until its reception is acknowledged or the
transmission time-out timer expires.
•Two frames with the MX bit in the inactive state indicates the end of a message
(EOM).
•Transmission and reception of monitor messages can be performed simultaneously.
This feature is used by the SCOUT to send back the response before the transmission
from the controller is completed (the SCOUT does not wait for EOM from the
controller). MON ITOR control commands never theless are processed sequential that
means e.g. during a read on a register no further command is executed.
2.2.4.2 Error Treatment
In case the SCOUT does not detect identical monitor messages in two successive
frames, transmissio n is not aborted. Instead the SCOUT will wait until two identical bytes
are received in successi on.
A transmission is aborted by the SCOUT if
•an error in the MR handshaking occurs
•a collision on the IOM bus of the MONITOR data or MX bit occurs
•the transmission time-out timer expires
A reception is aborted by the SCOUT if
•an error in the handshaking occurs or
•an abort request from the opposite device occurs
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MX/MR Treatment in Error Case:
In the master mode the MX/MR bits are under control of the microcontroller through MXC
or MRC respectively. An abort is indicated by an MAB interrupt or MER interrupt
respectively.
In the slave mode the MX/MR bits are under control of the SCOUT. An abort is always
indicate d by setting the MX/ MR bit in active for two or more IOM-2 fr ames. Th e controller
must react with EOM.
Figure 27 shows an example for an abort requested by the receiver, Figure 28 shows
an example for an abort requested by the transmitter and Figure 29 shows an exampl e
for a successful transmission.
Figure 27
Monitor Channel, Transmission Abort requested by the Re ceiver
Figure 28
Monitor Channel, Transmission Abort requested by the Tr ansmitter
MX (DU)
IOM -2 Frame No. 1 2 34567
EOM
MR (DD)
1
0
1
0
mon_rec-abort.vsd
Abort Request from Receiver
MR (DU)
IOM -2 Frame No. 1 2 34567
MX (DD)
1
0
1
0
EOM
mon_tx-abort.vsd
Abort Request from Transmitter
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Figure 29
Monitor Channel, normal End of Transmission
2.2.4.3 MONITOR Channel Programming as a Master Device
As a master device the SCOUT can program and control other devices attached to the
IOM-2 interface. The master mode is selected by default if the microcontroller interface
is used. The monitor data is written by the microcontroller in the MOX register and
transmitted via IOM-2 DD(DU) line to the programmed/controlled device e.g. ARCOFI-
BA PSB 2161. The transfer of the commands in the MON channel is regulated by the
handshake protocol mechanism with MX, MR which is described in the previous
chapters 2.2.4.1 and 2.2.4.2.
If the transmitted command was a read command the slave device responds by sending
the requested data.
The data struc ture of the transmitted moni tor message depends on the device which is
programmed. Therefore the first byte of the message is a specific address code which
contains in the higher nibble a MONITOR channel address to identify different devices.
The length of the messages depends on the accessed device and the command
following the address byte.
2.2.4.4 MONITOR Channel Programming as a Slave Device
Applications in which no controller is connected to the SCOUT it must operate in the
MONITOR slave mode which can be selected by pinstrapping the microcontroller
interf ace pins according to chapte r 2.1. As a slave device the codec and the transceiver
part of the SCOUT is programmed and controlled by a master device at the IOM-2
interface. All programming data required by the SCOUT are received in the MONITOR
time slot of channel 0 on the IOM-2 and is transferred in the MOR register. The transfer
of the commands in the MON channel is regulated by the handshake protocol
mechanism with MX, MR which is described in the previous chapters 2.2.4.1 and 2.2.4.2.
The first byte of the MONITOR message must contain in the higher nibble the MONITOR
MR (DU)
IOM -2 Frame No. 1 2 34567
MX (DD)
1
0
1
0
EOM
mon_norm.vsd
8
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Data Sheet 52 2001-03-07
channel address code which is ’1010’ for the SCOUT. The lower nibble distinguishes
between a programming command or an identification command.
Identification Command
In order to be able to identify unambiguously different hardware designs of the SCOUT
by software, the following identification command is used:
The SCOUT responds to this DD identification sequence by sending a DU identification
sequence:
DESIGN: six bit code, specific for each device in order to identify differences in operation
(see chapter 7.1.12).
This identification sequence is usually done once, when the terminal is connected for the
first time. This function is used by the software to distinguish between different possible
hardware configurations. However this sequence is not compulsory.
Programming Sequence
The programming sequence is characterized by a ’1’ being sent in the lower nibble of the
received address code. The data structure after this first byte is equivalent to the
structure of the serial control interface described in chapter 2.1.1.
All registers can be read back when setting the R/W bit to ’1’ in the byte for the command/
register addr ess. The SCOUT responds by sending his IOM specific addr ess byte (A1h)
followed by the requested data.
DD 1st byte value 10100000
DD 2nd byte value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
DU 1st byte value 10100000
DU 2nd byte value 1 0 DESIGN <IDENT>
DD 1st byte value 10100001
DD 2nd byte value Header Byte
DD 3rd byte value R/W Command/
Register Address
DD 4th byte value Data 1
DD (nth + 3) byte value Data n
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Data Sheet 53 2001-03-07
2.2.4.5 MONITOR Time-Out Procedure
To prevent lock-up situations in a MONITOR transmission a time-out procedure can be
enabled by setting the time-out bit (TOUT) in the MONITOR configuration register
(MCONF). A n internal timer is always started when the transmitter must wait for the reply
of the addressed device or for transmit data from the microcontroller. After 40 IOM
frames (5ms) without reply the timer expires and the transmission will be aborted.
2.2.4.6 MONITOR Interrupt Logic
Figure 30 shows the MONITOR interrupt structure of the SC OUT. The MONITOR Data
Receive interrupt status MDR has two enable bits, MONITOR Receive interrupt Enable
(MRE) and MR bit Control (MRC). The MONITOR channel End of Reception MER,
MONITOR channel D ata Acknow le dged MDA and MONITOR cha nnel Data Abort MAB
interrupt status bits have a common enable bit MONITOR Interrupt Enable MIE.
MRE in active (0) prevents the occurren ce of MDR status, including when the fir st byte of
a packet is received. When MRE is active (1) but MRC is inactive, the MDR interrupt
status is generated only for the fi rst byte of a receive packet. When both MRE and MRC
are active, MDR is always gener ated and all recei ved MONITOR b ytes - marked by a 1-
to-0 transition in MX bit - are stored. (Additionally, an active MRC en abl es the control of
the MR handshake bit according to the MONITOR channel protocol.)
Figure 30
MONITOR Interrupt Structure
CIC
ST
MOS
TRAN
HDLC
TIN
WOV
INT
ISTA
MASK
CIC
ST
MOS
TRAN
HDLC
TIN
WOV MRE MDR
MIE MDA
MER
MAB
MOSR
MOCR
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Interfaces
Data Sheet 54 2001-03-07
2.2.5 C/I Channel Handling
The Command/Indication channel carries real-time status information between the
SCOUT and another device connected to the IOM.
1) One C/I channel (called C/I0) conveys the commands and indications between the
layer-1 and the layer-2 parts of the SCOUT. It can be accessed by an external layer-2
device e.g. to control the layer-1 activation/deactivation procedures. C/I0 channel
access may be arbitrated via the TIC bus access protocol. In this case the arbitration is
done in C/I channel 2 (see figure 14).
The C/I0 channel is accessed via register CIR0 (in receive direction, layer-1 to layer-2)
and register CIX0 (in transmit direction, layer-2 to layer-1). The C/I0 code is four bits
long. A l isting and explanation of the layer-1 C/I codes can be foun d in chapter 2.3.5.1.3
and 2.3.5.1.6. In th e receiv e direction , the code fr om l ayer-1 i s co ntinuousl y moni tor ed,
with an interrupt being generated anytime a change occurs (ISTA.CIC). A new code
must be found in two consecutive IOM frames to be consider ed vali d and to tri gge r a C/
I code change interrupt status (double last look criterion).
In the transmit direction, the code written in CIX0 is continuously transmitted in C/I0.
2) A second C/I channel (called C/I1) can be used to convey real time status i nformation
between the SCOUT and various non-layer-1 peripheral devices e.g. PSB 2161
ARCOFI-BA. The C/I1 channel consists of fo ur or six bits in each direction.The width can
be changed from 4bit to 6bit by setting bit CIX1.CICW.
The C/I1 channel is accessed via registers CIR1 and CIX1. A change in the received
C/I1 code is indicated by an interrupt status without double last look criterion.
2.2.5.1 CIC Interrupt Logic
Figure 31 shows the CIC interrupt structure.
A CIC interrupt may origina te
–from a change in received C/I channel 0 code (CIC0)
or
–from a change in received C/I channel 1 code (CIC1).
The two corresponding status bits CIC0 and CIC1 are read in CIR0 register. CIC1 can
be individual ly d isabled by cle ari ng the ena bl e bit C I1E i n the CIX1 regi ster . In t his case
the occurrence of a code change in CIR1 will not be displayed by CIC1 until the
corresponding enable bit has been set to one.
Bits CIC0 and CIC1 are cleared by a read of CIR0.
An interrupt status is issued every time a valid new code is loaded into CIR0 or CIR1.
The CIR0 is buffered with a FIFO size of two. If a second code change occurs in the
received C/I channel 0 before the first one has been read, immediately after reading of
CIR0 a new interrupt will be generated and the new code will be stored in CIR0.
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Interfaces
Data Sheet 55 2001-03-07
If several consecutive codes are detected, only the first and the last code is obtained at
the first and second register read, respectively.
For CIR1 no FIFO is available. The actual code of the received C/I channel 1 is always
stored in CIR1.
Figure 31
CIC Interrupt Structure
2.2.6 Settings after Reset (see also chapter 7.2)
After reset th e codec, the TIC-bus access, the serial data strobes (p in SDS1 and SD S2)
and the controller data access are disabled.
The IOM handler is enabled except the generation of the bit clock (pin BCL).
The monitor handler is enabled for channel MON0 and the transceiver for the channels
B1, B2, C/I0 and D.
The HDLC controller is connected to the D channels.
The pins DD and DU are in open drain state.
The synchronous transfer interrupts and synchronous transfer overflow interrupts are
masked.
CIC
ST
MOS
TRAN
HDLC
TIN
WOV
INT
ISTA
MASK
CIC1
CI1E CIC0
CIR0
CIX1
CIC
ST
MOS
TRAN
HDLC
TIN
WOV
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Interfaces
Data Sheet 56 2001-03-07
2.2.7 D-Channel Access Control
D-channel access control was defined to guarantee all connected HDLC controllers a fair
chance to transmit data in the D-channel. Collisions are possible on the IOM-2 interface,
if there is more than one HDLC controller connected. This arbitration mechanism is
implemented in the SCOUT and will be described in the following chapter.
2.2.7.1 TIC Bus D-Channel Access Control
The TIC bus is implemented to organize the access to the layer-1 functions provided in
the SCOUT (C/I-channel) and to the D-channel from up to 7 external communication
cont rol l er s (see figure 32).
To this effect the outputs of the controllers (ICC:ISDN Communication Controller PEB
2070) are wired-or and connected to pin DU. The inputs of the ICCs are connected to
pin DD. External pull-up resistors on DU/DD are required. The arbitration mechanism
must be activated by setting MODEH.DIM2-0=00x.
Figure 32
Applications of TIC Bus in IOM-2 Bus Configuration
B-channel
Voice/Data
Communication
with D-channel
Signaling
TIC_ARBI-UPN.vsd
SCOUT-P(X)
U
PN
-Interface
TIC Bus
D-channel
Access Control
B-channel
Voice/Data
Communication
with D-channel
Signaling
ICC(1)
U
PN
-Transceiver
µC-Interface
D-channel
Telemetry/
Packet
Communication
ICC(7)
IOM-2 Interface
TIC Bus
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Interfaces
Data Sheet 57 2001-03-07
The arbi tration me chanism is i mplemented in the last octet in IOM channel 2 of the IOM-
2 interface (see figure 33). An access request to the TIC bus may either be generated
by software (µP access to the C/I channel) or by the SCOUT itself (transmission of an
HDLC frame in the D-channel). A software access request to the bus is effected by
setting the BAC bit (CIX0 register) to ’1’.
In the case of an access request, the SCOUT checks the Bus Accessed-bit BAC (bit 5
of DU last octet of channel 2, see figure 33) for the status "bus free“, which is indicated
by a logical ’1’. If the bus is free, the SCOUT transmits its individual TIC bus address TAD
programmed in the CIX0 register and compares it bit by bit with the value on DU. If a sent
bit set to ’1’ is read back as ’0’ because of the access of another D-channel source with
a lower TAD, the SCOUT withdraws immediately from the TIC bus. The TIC bus is
occupied by the device which sends its address error-free. If more than one device
attempt to seize the bu s simultaneously, the on e with the lowest address w ins and starts
D-channel transmission.
Figure 33
Structure of Last Octet of Ch2 on DU
When the TIC bus is seized by the SCOUT, the bus is identified to other devices as
occupied via the DU channel 2 Bus Accessed-bit state ’0’ until the access request is
withdrawn. After a successful bus access, the SCOUT is automatically set into a lower
priority class, that is, a new bus access cannot be performed until the status "bus free"
is indicated in two successive frames.
If none of the devices connected to the IOM interface requests access to the D and C/I
channels, the TIC bus address 7 will be present. The device with this address will
therefore have access, by default, to the D and C/I channels.
Note: Bit BAC (CIX0 register) should be reset by the µP when access to the C/I channels
is no more requested, to grant other devices access to the D and C/I channels.
DU
tic_octet-du.vsd
% % 021 ,& ,& 021 &,&,'
BAC
TAD
MX
MR
MX
MR
%$& 7$'
TIC-Bus Address (TAD 2-0)
Bus Accessed (’1’ no TIC-Bus Access)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Interfaces
Data Sheet 58 2001-03-07
The availabil ity of the line interface D channel is indicat ed in bit 5 "Stop /Go" (S/G) of the
DD last octet of channel 2 (figure 34).
S/G = 1 : stop
S/G = 0 : go
Figure 34
Structure of Last Octet of Ch2 on DD
The Stop/Go bit is available to other layer-2 devices conn ected to the IOM to deter mine
if they can access the D channel of the line interface.
DD
tic_octetdd-upn.vsd
% % 021 ,& ,& 021 &,&,'
S/G
A/B
MX
MR
MX
MR
6* $%
Available/Blocked
Stop/Go
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Interfaces
Data Sheet 59 2001-03-07
2.2.8 Activation/Deactivation of IOM-2 Interface
The IOM-2 interface can be switched off in the inactive state, reducing power
consumption to a minimum. In this deactivated state is FSC = ’1’, DCL = ’0’ and BCL =
’1’ and the data lines are ’1’. The data between the functional blocks of the SCOUT is
then transferred internally.
The IOM-2 interface can be kept active while the line interface is deactivated by setting
the CFS bit to "0" (MODE register). This is the case after a hardware reset. If the IOM-2
interface should be switched off while the line interface is deactivated, the CFS bit should
be set to ’1’. In this case the internal oscillator is disabled when no signal (info 0) is
present on the line interface and the C/I command is ’1111’ = DIU (refer to chapter
2.3.5.1.3 and 2.3.5.1.6). If the TE wants to activate the line, it has first to activate the
IOM-2 interface either by using the "Software Power Up" function (IOM_CR.SPU bit) or
by setting the CFS bit to "0" again.
The deactivation procedure is shown in figure 35. After detecting the code DI
(Deactivate Indication) the layer 1 of the SCOUT responds by transmitting DC
(Deactivate Confirmation) during subsequent frames and stops the timing signals
synchronously with the end of the last C/I (C/I0) channel bit of the 6th frame.
Figure 35
Deactivation of the IOM®-Interface
IOM
-2
Deactivated
DCDCDCDC
DR
DI DI DI DI DI DI DI DI DI
B1 B2 DCIO
DCIO
DCL
DD
DU
FSC
IOM
-2
ITD09655
DI DI DI
DCDCDR DR DR DR DR DR
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Interfaces
Data Sheet 60 2001-03-07
The clock pulses will be enabled again when the DU line is pulled low (bit SPU in the
IOM_CR register) i.e. the C/I command TIM = "0000" is received by layer 1, or when a
non-zero level on the line interface is detected. The clocks are turned on after
approximately 0.2 to 4 ms depending on the capacitances on XTAL 1/2.
DCL is activated such that its first rising edge occurs with the beginning of the bit
following the C/I (C/I0) channel.
After the clocks have been enabled this is indicated by the PU code in the C/I channel
and by a CIC interrupt. The DU line may be released by resetting the Software Power
Up bit IOM_CR =’0’ and the C/I code written to CIX0 before (e.g. TIM or AR8) is output
on DU.
The SCOUT supplies IOM timing signals as long as there is no DIU command in the C/
I (C/I0) channel. If timing signals are no longer required and activation is not yet
requested, this is indicated by programming DIU in the CIX0 register.
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Interfaces
Data Sheet 61 2001-03-07
Figure 36
Activation of the IOM-Interface
ITD09656
~
~~
~~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~~
~
~
~
FSC
DU
DD
FSC
DU
DD
DCL
SPU = 1 SPU = 0
CIC : CIXO = TIM
Int.
TIM
PU
B1
B1MXMR
0.2 to 4 ms
132 x DCL
TIM TIM
PU PU PU PU
R
IOM -CH1
R
IOM -CH2
IOM -CH2
R
IOM
R
-CH1
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Interfaces
Data Sheet 62 2001-03-07
2.3 UPN Interface
The layer-1 functions for the UPN interface of the SCOUT-P(X) are:
–conversion of the frame structure between IOM and UPN interface
–conversion from/to binary to/from half-bauded AMI coding
–level detection
–receive timing recovery
–IOM-2 timing synchronous to UPN
–D channel access control
–activation/deactivation procedures, triggered by primitives received over the IOM C/I
channel or by INFO's received from the line
–execution of test loops
2.3.1 UPN Burst Frame
Figure 37 demonstrates the general principles of the UPN interface communication
scheme. A frame transmitted by the exchange (LT) is received by the terminal equipment
(TE) after a line propagation delay. The terminal equipment waits the minimum guard
time (tg = 5.2 µs) while the line clears. It then transmits a frame to the exchange. The
exchange will begin a transmission every 250 µs (known as the burst repetition period) .
Within a burst, the data rate is 384 kbit/s and the 38-bit frame structure is as shown in
figure 37. The framing bit (LF) is always logical ‘1’. The frame also contains the user
channels (2B + D). Note that the B-channels are scrambled. It can readily be seen that
in the 250-µs burst repetition period, 4 D-bits, 16 B1-bits and 16 B2-bits are transferred
in each direction. This gives an effective full duplex data rate of 16 kbit/s for the
D-channel and 64 kbit/s for each B-channel. The fina l bit of the frame is called the M- bit.
Four successive M-bits, from four successive UPN frames, constitute a superframe (see
figure 37). Three signals are carried in this superframe. The superframe is started by a
code violation (CV). From this reference, bit 3 of the superframe is the service channel
bit (S). The S-channel bit is transmitted once in each direction in every fourth burst
repetition period . Hence the duple x S-channel h as a data rate of 1 kbit/s. It conveys test
loop control information from the LT to the TE and reports transmission errors from the
TE to the LT. Bit 2 and bit 4 of the superframe are the T-bits. In order to decrease DC-
offset voltage on the line after transmission of a CV in the M-bit position, it is allowed to
add a DC-balancing bit to the burst. The LT-side transmits this DC-balancing bit, when
transmitting INFO 4 and when line characteristics indicate potential decrease in
performance.
Note that the guard time in TE is always defined wi th respect to the M-bit, whereas AMI-
coding includes always all bits going in the same direction.
The coding technique used on the UPN interface is half-bauded AMI-code (i.e. with a
50 % pulse width). A logical ‘0’ corresponds to a neutral level, a logical ‘1’ is coded as
alternate positive and negative pulses.
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Interfaces
Data Sheet 63 2001-03-07
Figure 37
UPN Interface Structure
ITD05337
LF MDCB1 B2 D 2B1B
t
r
t
dg
t t
d
18 8 8841
CV T S T
TE
LT, TR
99
µ
s
ITD05338
CV.
Line Signal
Binary Value 1 1 1 1010000
0
+V
-V
td: line delay
tg: guard time (5.2 µs)
tr: repetition period (250 µs)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Interfaces
Data Sheet 64 2001-03-07
2.3.2 Scrambler/Descrambler
B-channel data on the UPN interface is scrambled to give a flat continuous power density
spectrum and to ensure enough pulses are present on the line for a reliable clock
extraction to be performed at the downstream end.
The SCOUT-P(X) therefore contains a scrambler and descrambler, in the transmit and
receive directions respectively. The basic form of these are illustrated in figure 38.
The form is in accordance with the CCITT V.27 scrambler/descrambler and contains
supervisory circuitry which ensures no periodic patterns appear on the line.
Figure 38
Scrambler/Descrambler
ITD05339
Z-1 -1
Z-1
Z-1
Z-1
Z-1
Z-1
Z
+
OUT
Ds
Di
Scrambler
IN
+
DsZ-6 +-7
Z
s
D
-6
Z
s
D
DsZ-7
Scrambler
D0=D
i+Z-6 Z-7
+
Ds()
ITD05340
Z
-1 -1
Z
-1
Z
-1
Z
-1
Z
-1
Z
-1
Z
+
IN
D
s
D
o
Descrambler
OUT
+
D
s
Z
-6
+
-7
Z
s
D
-6
Z
s
D
D
s
Z
-7
Descrambler
D
o
=D
is
D=(1
+Z
-6
Z
-7
+)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Interfaces
Data Sheet 65 2001-03-07
2.3.3 UPN Transceiver Timing
The receiv e PLL uses the 15.36-MHz clock to g enerate an inter nal 384-kHz signal which
is used to synchronize the PLL to the received UPN frame. The PLL outputs the FSC-
signal as well as the 1.536-MHz double bit clock signal and the 768-kHz bit clock.
The length of the FSC signal pulse is reduced to one DCL period (“Short FSC”) at the
beginning of the second IOM frame after the received code violation in the M-bit. The
reduced length of the FSC-signal provides synchronization between the TE- and the TR-
transceiver to gain the shortest delays on the UPN T-channel data forwarding.
2.3.4 Data Transfer and Delay between IOM and UPN
√
Figure 39
Data Delay between UPN and IOM
2.3.4.1 B1-, B2- and D-Channels
The lOM-interface B-channels are used to convey the two 64-kbit/s user channels in both
directions. However, the SCOUT-P(X) only transfers the data transparently in the
activated state (inc. analog loop activated) while the data are set to ‘1’ in any non
activated state.
2.3.4.2 Stop/Go Bit
The Stop/Go (S/G) bit can be controlled by the received UPN T-channel to transmit the
state of the line card arbiter to the HDLC-controller of the terminal. If selected by the
DIM2-0 bits (’0x1’) in the MODEH register, the HDLC-transmitter evaluates the state of
the S/G-bit before and during transmission of an HDLC-frame.
B1 DB1
B2 B2
CV
B1 DB1
B2 B2
CV
B1 DB1
B2 B2
T
B1 DB1
B2 B2
T
line_iom_smartLink.vsd
B2 D
B1 BAC B2 D
B1 B2 D
B1 BAC B2 D
B1
B2 D
B1 B2 D
B1 B2 D
B1 S/G B2 D
B1
U
PN
DD
DU
FSC
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Interfaces
Data Sheet 66 2001-03-07
2.3.4.3 Available/Busy Bit
The A/B bit has been added to the IOM-2 frame for the operation of a S/T-terminal
adapter based on the SBCX PEB 2081. It is used to transfer the state of the line card
HDLC controller indicated by the UPN T-channel to the SBCX.
If the A/B bit is ’1’, it indicates that the line card HDLC controller is available and D-
channel messages may be transmitted. If it changes to ’0’ the HDLC controller has to
abort the transmission and has to restart the transmission after the A/B bit becomes ’1’
again.
The A/B bit is used by the SBCX on a S/T interface optio n to control the EC HO channel
of the S/T interface and the Stop/Go bit on the IOM-2 interface.
2.3.4.4 T-Bit Transfer
The layer-1 (UPN) part of the SCOUT-P(X) conveys the T-bit position of the UPN interface
to either the S/G-bit position or the A/B-bit position according to the TCM bit in the
TR_CONF0 register. The bit polarities are as follows:
Downstream (UPN → IOM)
T-to A/B-mapping (TCM = ’1’):
T = 0: A/B = 0 S/G = 1 blocked
T = 1: A/B = 1 S/G = 1 available
T-to S/G-mapping (TCM = ’0’):
T = 0: A/B = 1 S/G = 1 blocked
T = 1: A/B = 1 S/G = 0 available
Upstream (IOM → UPN)
The T-channel i n upstre am direction is contr olled by the BAC- bi t of the IOM- 2 inter face.
The T-channel transmits the inverse of the BAC-bit.
Special care is taken so that the slave terminal will only send one HDLC-frame until the
TlC-bus of the master IOM-2 interface is released. This is achieved by a circuitry which
latches the BAC-state of ‘1’ unti l at least o ne T-bi t has been tr ansmitted wit h the value of
‘0’ which releases the TlC-bus of the master IOM-2 interface.
BAC to T-mapping: BAC = 1 T = 0 no D-channel request
BAC = 0 T = 1 D-channel request
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Interfaces
Data Sheet 67 2001-03-07
2.3.5 Control of UPN
The layer-1 activation/deactivation can be controlled by an internal state machine via the
IOM-2 C/I0 channel or by software via the microcontroller interface directly. In the default
state the internal layer-1 state machine of the SCOUT-P(X) is used.
To disable the internal state machine TR_CONF0.L1SW must be set to ’1’ and a C/I code
TIM (’0000’) has to be programmed into CIX0.CODX0
If the internal state machine is disabled the layer-1 commands, which are normally
generated by the internal state machine can be written directly into the TR_CMD register
or indications read out of the TR_STA register. The SCOUT-P(X) layer-1 control flow is
shown in figure 40.
Figure 40
Layer-1 Control
2.3.5.1 Internal Layer-1 Statemachine
In the following sections the layer-1 control by the SCOUT-P(X) state machine will be
described. For the description of the IOM-2 C/I0 channel see also chapter 2.2.5.
The layer-1 functions are controlled by commands issued via the CIX0 register. These
commands, sent over the IOM C/I chan nel 0 to layer 1, trigg er cer tai n pro cedur es, such
as activation/deactivation, switching of test loops and transmission of special pulse
patterns. These are governed by a layer-1 state machine which agrees with the
activation/deactivation procedures as implemented in the SmartLink-P PSB 2197 or
ISAC-P TE PSB 2196 respectivel y. Responses from layer 1 are obtained by reading the
CIR0 register after a CIC interrupt (ISTA).
Register
CIX0
CIR0
Layer-1 Control
Layer-1
State
Machine
layer1_ctl.vsd
Transmit
INFO Transmitter
Receiver
Receive
INFO
Command Register
for Transmitter
(TR_CMD)
Status Register
of Receiver
(TR_STA)
C/I
Command
C/I
Indication
Microcontroller Interface
Disable internal
Statemachine
(TR_CONF.L1SW)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Interfaces
Data Sheet 68 2001-03-07
2.3.5.1.1 State Transition Diagram
The state machine includes all information relevant to the user. The state diagram
notation is given in figure 41.
The informations contained in the state diagrams are:
–State name
–UPN signal transmitted (INFO) (see chapter 2.3.5.1.7)
–C/I code received (commands) (see chapter 2.3.5.1.3)
–C/I code transmitted (indications) (see chapter 2.3.5.1.6)
–Trans ition criteria
The transition criteria is grouped into:
–C/I commands (see chapter 2.3.5.1.3)
–Rece ived infos on UPN (see chapter 2.3.5.1.4)
–Reset (see chapter 2.3.5.1.5)
Figure 41
State Diagram Notation
The following example illustrates the use of a state diagram with an extract of the state
diagram. The state explained is “Deactivated”.
The state may be entered:
–from states “Power-Up”, “Pending Deactivation”, “Pending Activation”, “Loop3” and
the unconditional states “Reset” and “Test Mode i” after the C/I command “DI” has
been received.
The following informations are transmitted:
–INFO 0 (no signal) is sent on the UPN interface.
–C/I message “DC” is issued on the IOM-2 interface.
The state may be left by either of the following methods:
–Leave for the state “Power up” after synchronous or asynchronous “TIM” code has
been received on IOM.
–Leave for state “Pending Activation” in case C/I = AR is received.
IOM-2 Interface
C/I code
statem_notation.vsd
State
Ind. Cmd.
i
x
i
r
U
PN
Interface
INFO
INOUT
Unconditional
Transition
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Interfaces
Data Sheet 69 2001-03-07
–Leave for the state “Level Detect” after a signal different to ’INFO 0’ has been
recognized on the UPN interface.
–Leave for the state “Loop 3” in case C/I = ARL is received.
As can be seen from the transition criteria, combinations of multiple conditions are
possible as well. A “∗” stands for a logical AND combination. And a “+” indicates a logical
OR combination.
The sections following the state diagram contain detailed information about all states and
signals used.
Figure 42 shows the state transition diagram of the SCOUT-P(X) state machine.
Figure 43 shows this for the state Loop 3.
PSB 21391
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Interfaces
Data Sheet 70 2001-03-07
Figure 42
State Transition Diagram
Reset
DR RES
i0 *
Pending
Deactivation
DR AR
i0 i0
Deactivated
DC DI
i0 i0
Synchronized
AR
1)
ARL2 DI
AR
i1 i2
Activated
AI
1)
AIL2 DI
AR
i3 i4
Level Detect
RSY DI
AR
i0 i0
Loop 3
3)
ARL
i0*TO1
ix
ix
i2
i4i2
i0
AR
Power-Up
PU TIM
i0 i0
Test M ode i
TMA SCP
SSP
it
i
*
Pending
Activation
PU AR
i1w i0
ARL
DI*TO2
DI
DI
TIM
AR
DI
AR
DI
i0
i0
TIM
TIM*TO2
DI
TIM
TIM TIM
RESET
2)
SCP
SSP
1)
Indication depends on recei ved S bit:
S=’0’: AR or AI respectively
S=’1’: ARL2 or AIL2 respectively
2)
Possible Reset sources:
C/I command RESET,
software reset SRES.RES_TR or
reset from pi n RST
3)
Loop 3 see next figure
Commands initiating unconditional transitions:
RES, SSP, SCP
TO1: 2 ms
TO2: 1 ms
statem_te_upn.vsd
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Interfaces
Data Sheet 71 2001-03-07
Figure 43
State Transition Diagram of the Loop 3 State
statem_te_aloop_upn.vsd
DI
TIM
AR
DI
TIM
AR
DI
TIM
AR
Loop 3
Synchronized
ARL ARL
i3 i1
Loop 3
Activated
RSY ARL
i3 i3
P end. Loop 3
PU ARL
i1 i0
i1
i3
i3
i1*i3
ARL
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Interfaces
Data Sheet 72 2001-03-07
2.3.5.1.2 States
Reset, Pending Deactivation
State aft er r eset o r deactivation fro m the UPN interface by i nfo 0 . No te that no activation
from the terminal side is possible starting from this state. A ‘DI’-command has to be
issued to enter the state ’Deactivated’.
Deactivated
The UPN interface is deactivated and the IOM-2 interface is or will be deactivated.
Activation is possible from the UPN interface and from the IOM-2 interface.
Power-Up
The UPN inte rface is dea ctivated and the IOM-2 in terf ace is activated, i.e . the clocks ar e
running.
Pend in g Activation
Upon the command Activation Request (AR) the SCOUT-P(X) transmits the 2-kHz info
1w towards the network, waiting for info 2.
Level Detect
During the first period of receiving info 2 or under severe disturbances on the line the UPN
receiver recognizes the receipt of a signal but is not (yet) synchronized.
Synchronized
The UPN receiver is synchronized and detects info 2. It continues the activation
procedure by transmission of info 1.
Activated
The UPN receiver is synchronized and detects info 4. It concludes the activation
procedure by transmission of info 3. All user channels are now conveyed transparently.
Analog Loop 3 Pending
Upon the C/ l-command Activati on Request Loop (AR L) the SCOUT-P(X) loops back the
transmitt er to the receiver and activates by transmission of inf o 1. The receiver is not yet
synchronized.
Analog Loop 3 Synchronized
After synchronization the transmitter continues by transmitting info 3.
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Interfaces
Data Sheet 73 2001-03-07
Analog Loop 3 Activated
After recognition of the looped back info 3 the channels are looped back transparently.
Test Mode i
After entering test mode initiated by SCP-, SSP-commands.
Level Detect, Resynchronization
During the first period of receiving info 2 or under severe disturbances on the line the UPN
receiver recognizes the receipt of a signal but is not (yet) synchronized. In extremely rare
situations of severe line disturbances, the UPN receiver might become locked in this
state. To avoid this, it is recommended that the software issues an RES command to
restart activation if SCOUT-P(X) remains in this state longer than an acceptable period.
This time out period sho uld be at least 110 ms, but the exa ct period shoul d be chosen by
the user based on system concerns.
Loop 2
The states for loop 2 are identical to the states of the regular TE operation. The loop 2
indications are output if the S-bit of the UPN frame is ‘1’.
Reset state
A software reset (RES) forces the SCOUT-P(X) to an idle state where INFO 0 is
transmitted. Thus activation from the NT is not possible. Clocks are still supplied.
State S-bit = 0 S-bit = 1
Synchronized AR ARL2
Activated AI AIL2
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Interfaces
Data Sheet 74 2001-03-07
2.3.5.1.3 C/I Commands
2.3.5.1.4 Receive Infos on UPN (Downstre am)
Note:
1) The M-channel superframe is as follows:
S-bits transparent
T-bits set to ’1’
CV generated (see figure 37)
2) DC-balancing bit
Command (Upstream) Abbr. Code Remarks
Timing TIM 0000 Layer-2 device requires clocks to be
activated
Reset RES 0001 Statemachine reset
Send Single Pulses SSP 0010 AMI coded pulses transmitted at 4 kHz
Send Continuous Pulses SCP 0011 AMI coded pulses transmitted
continuously
Activate Request AR 1000
Activate Request Loop 3 ARL 1001 Local analog loop
Deactivation Indication Dl 1111
Name Abbr. Description
Info 0 i0 No signal on the line
Info 2 i2 4-kHz burst signal
F000100010001000100010101010001011111M1) DC2)
Code violation in the frami ng bit
Info 4 i4 4-kHz burst signal
No code violation in the framing bit
User data in B-, D- and M-channels
B-channels scrambled, DC-bit2) optional
Info X ix Any signal except info 2 or info 4
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Interfaces
Data Sheet 75 2001-03-07
2.3.5.1.5 Reset
RES A low signal on the RST pin or setting the R ES_TR bit in th e SRES reg ister to
’1’ resets also the layer-1 statemachine. The reset signals should be applied
for a minimum of 2 DCL clock cycles. The function of these reset events is
identical to the C/I code RES concerning the state machine.
2.3.5.1.6 C/I Indications
Indication ( Downstream) Abbr. Code Remarks
Deactivation Requ est DR 0000
Power-Up PU 0111
Test Mode Acknowledge TMA 0010 Acknowledge for both SSP and SCP
Resynchronization RSY 0100 Receiver not synchronous
Activation Request AR 1000 Receiver synchronized
Activation Request Loop 3 ARL 1001 Local loop synchronized
Activation Request Loop 2 ARL2 1010 Remote loop synchronized
Activation Indication AI 1100
Activation Indication Loop 3 AIL 1101 Local loop activated
Activation Indication Loop 2 AIL2 1110 Remote loop activated
Deactivation Confirmation DC 1111 Line- and if MODE1.CFS = ’1’ also lO M-
interface are powered down
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Interfaces
Data Sheet 76 2001-03-07
2.3.5.1.7 Transmit Infos on UPN (Upstream)
I
1) The M-channel superframe is as follows:
S-bits set to ’0’
T-bits set to ’1’
CV generated (see figure 37)
2) DC-balancing bit
Name Abbr. Description
Info 0 i0 No signal on the line
Info 1w i1w Asynchronous wake signal
2-kHz burst rate
F0001000100010001000101010100010111111
Code violation in the frami ng bit
Info 1 i1 4-kHz burst signal
F000100010001000100010101010001011111M1) DC2)
Code violation in the frami ng bit
Info 3 i3 4-kHz burst signal
No code violation in the framing bit
User data in B-, D- and M-channels
B-channels scrambled, DC-bit2) optional
Test Info 1 it1Half-bauded AMI-coded pulses are transmi tted
continuously
Test Info 2 it2One half-bauded AMI-coded pulse is transmitted in
each UPN frame
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Interfaces
Data Sheet 77 2001-03-07
2.3.5.1.8 Example of Activation/Deactivation
An example of an activation/deactivation of the UPN interface initiated by the terminal
with the time relationships mentioned in the previous chapters is shown in figure 44.
Figure 44
Example of Activation/Deactivation Initiated by the Terminal (TE).
Activation/Deactivation under control of the internal layer-1 statemachine
SPU=0, CFS=1
SPU=1
SPU=0
µC Interface
act_deac_te_int_upn.vsd
INFO 0
TE LTU
PN
InterfaceIOM-2 Interface (C/I) IOM-2 Interface (C/I)
T1: < 10 ms time for synchronization
T3: 2 ms time for error free detection of INFO 0
T2: 1 ms time for detecting INFO3/4
INFO 1W
INFO 2
INFO 1
PU
AR
INFO 0
T1
RSY
DI
AR
INFO 4
INFO 3
AI T2
UAI
T2 AI
INFO 0
INFO 0
INFO 0
AR
DR
DI
DC
T3
T3 DI
DR
DC
DC
DI
DC
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Interfaces
Data Sheet 78 2001-03-07
2.3.5.2 External Lay er-1 Statemachine
Instead of using the integrated layer-1 statemachine it is also possible to implement the
layer-1 statemachine completely in software.
The internal layer-1 statemachine can be disabled by setting the L1SW bit in the
TR_CONF0 register (see chapte r 7.1.1) to ’1’.
The transmitter is completely under control of the microcontroller via register TR_CMD
(see chapter 7.1.5).
The status of the receiver is stored in register TR_STA (see chapter 7.1.4) and has to
be evaluated by the microcontroller. This register is updated continuously. If not masked
a RIC in terrupt (see chapt er 7.1.6) is generated by any ch ange of the regi ster contents.
The interrupt is cleared after a read access to this register.
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Interfaces
Data Sheet 79 2001-03-07
2.3.5.2.1 Activation initiated by the Terminal (TE, SCOUT-P(X))
INFO 1W has to be transmitted as long as INFO 0 is received.
INFO 0 has to be transmitted thereafter as long as no valid INFO (INFO 2 or INFO 4) is
received.
After reception of INFO 2 or INFO 4 transmission of INFO 1 or INFO 3 respectively has
to be started.
Figure 45
Example of Activation/Deactivation initiated by the Terminal (TE).
Activation/Deactivation completely under software control
act_deac_te-ext_upn.vsd
XINF=’000’
RINF=’01’
RINF=’10’
XINF=’010’
INFO 1W
INFO 0
INFO 2
INFO 0
INFO 1
INFO 4
RINF=’11’
XINF=’011’INFO 3
XINF=’001’
T1
TE
INFO 0
INFO 0
INFO 0
T2
TE
T3
TE
XINF=’000’
RINF=’00’
TE LTU
PN
InterfaceµC Interface
T1
TE
: 4 to 12 U
PN
frames
T3
TE
:4U
PN
frames
T2
TE
:4U
PN
frames
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Interfaces
Data Sheet 80 2001-03-07
2.3.5.2.2 Activation initiated by the Line Termination LT
INFO 0 has to be transmitted as long as no valid INFO (INFO 2 or INFO 4) is received.
After reception of INFO 2 or INFO 4 transmission of INFO 1 or INFO 3 respectively has
to be started.
Figure 46
Example of Activation/Deactivation initiated by the Line termination (LT).
Activation/D eact ivat ion complet ely under softwar e control
act_deac_lt_ext_upn.vsd
RINF=’01’
RINF=’10’
XINF=’010’
INFO 0
INFO 2
INFO 1
INFO 4
RINF=’11’
XINF=’011’INFO 3
T1
TE
INFO 0
INFO 0
INFO 0
T2
TE
T3
TE
XINF=’000’
RINF=’00’
TE LTU
PN
InterfaceµC Interface
T1
TE
: 4 to 12 U
PN
frames
T3
TE
:4U
PN
frames
T2
TE
:4U
PN
frames
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Interfaces
Data Sheet 81 2001-03-07
2.3.6 Level Detection Power Down
If MODE1.CFS is set to ’0’, the clocks are also provided in power down state, whereas
if CFS is set to ’1’ only the anal og level detector is active in powe r down state. All clocks,
including the IOM interface, are stopped. The data lines and the FSC are ’high’, whereas
DCL is ’low’ and BCL is ’high’.
An activation initiated from the exchange side (Info 2 on UPN detected) will have the
consequence that clock signals are provided automatically if the bit LDD of register
TR_CONF0 is set to ’0’.
From the terminal side an activation must be started by setting and resetting the SPU-
bit in the IOM_CR register and writing TIM to the CIX0 register or by resetting
MODE1.CFS=0.
2.3.7 Transceiver Enable/Disable
The layer-1 part of the SCOUT-P(X) can be enabled/disabled by configuration with the
two bits TR_CONF0.DIS_TR and TR_CONF2.DIS_TX .
By default all layer-1 functions are en abled ( DIS_TR = ’0’, DIS_TX = ’0’). If DIS_TX = ’1’
only the transmit buffers are disabled. The receiver will monitor for incoming calls in this
configuration.
If DIS_TR = ’1’ all layer-1 functions are disabled including the level detection circuit of
the receiver. In this case the power consumption of the Layer-1 is reduced to a minimum.
The HDLC controlle r and code c part can sti ll oper ate via IOM -2. The DCL an d FSC pins
become inputs.
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Interfaces
Data Sheet 82 2001-03-07
2.3.8 Test Functions
The SCOUT-P(X) provides several test and diagnostic functions for the transceiver:
2.3.8.1 UPN Transceiver Test
Two test loops allow the local or the remote test of the transceiver function.
–The local loop (test loop 3) which is activated by a C/I0 ARL command loops the
transmit data of the tr ansmitter to its recei ver. The informatio n of the IOM-2 upstre am
B- and D-channels is looped back to the downstream B- and D -channels. The T-bit is
also transparen t which mea ns that the state of the BAC -bit is looped back to the S/G-
or A/B-bit.
–The remot e loop (test loop 2) is a ctivated by t he U PN in terf ace and l oops the recei ved
data back to the U PN interface. The D-chan nel informati on received from the line card
is transparently forwarded to the downstream IOM-2 D-channel.
The downstream B-channel information on IOM-2 is fixed to ‘FF’H while test loop 2 is
active. Additional to C/I0 a remote loop (loop 2) is indicated by the RLP bit in the
TR_STA register.
2.3.8.2 Test Signals on the UPN Interface
Two kinds of test signals may be sent by the SCOUT-P(X):
–The single pulses are of alternating polarity at 2kHz (one pulse per UPN frame). The
corresponding C/I command is SSP (Send single pulses).
–The continuous pulses are pulses of alternating polarity. The corresponding C/I
command is SCP (Send continuous pulses).
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Interfaces
Data Sheet 83 2001-03-07
2.3.9 Transmitter Characteristics
The half-bauded pseudo-ternary pulse shaping is achieved with the integrated line driver
which drives a bina ry ’High’ via typical 3 0 Ω output impedance at a li ne current of 40mA.
The line driv er circuitry is designe d to lower the EMI radi ation and therefore re ducing the
expense for external EMC circuitry. The simplified equivalent cir cui t of the transmitter i s
shown in figure 47.
Figure 47
Equivalent Internal Circuit of the Transmitter Stage
trans_stage_upn.vsd
Z
i
Z
i
Level TR_CONF2.DIS_TX
LIa
LIb
’+1’’0’’-1’
V
DDL
V
SSL
open
’+1’
’-1’
’0’
V
SSL
V
DDL
open
’+1’
’-1’
’0’
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Interfaces
Data Sheet 84 2001-03-07
2.3.10 Receiver Characteristics
The SCOUT-P(X) covers the electrical requirements of the UPN interface for loop lengths
of up to 4.5 kft on AWG 24 cable and 1.0 km on J-Y(ST) Y 2 ×2×0.6 cable.
The receiver consists of a differential input stage, a peak detector and a set of
comparators.
A simplified equivalent circuit of the receiver is shown in figure 48.
Figure 48
Equivalent Internal Circuit of the Receiver Stage
The data detection threshold Vref of the peak detector is continuously adapted to the line
level. The peak detector requires maximum 2 µs to reach the peak value while storing
the peak level for at least 250 µs (RC > 1 ms).
The additional level detector for power up/down control works with a fixed threshold
voltage VrefLD. The level detector monitors the line input signals to detect whether an
INFO is present.
In order to additionally reduce the bit error rate in severe conditions, the SCOUT-P(X)
performs oversampling of the received signal and uses majority decision logic. The
receive signal is sampled at 15.36MHz clock intervals (XTAL).
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Interfaces
Data Sheet 85 2001-03-07
2.3.11 UPN Interface Circuitry
Using a 3.3V power supply a 1:1 transformer has to be connected to the 2 wire UPN
interface.
Using a 5V powe r su ppl y a 2:1 transformer has to be used. Therefore the TR S b it in the
TR_CONF2 register has to be set to ’1’.
The connection of the line transformer is shown in figure 49. External to the line interface
pins Lla and L lb a t ransform er and external resistors ar e connected as shown. Note that
the internal resistors of the transformer are calculated as zero. The actual values of the
external resistors must take into account the real resistor of the chosen transformer.
Figure 49
Connection of the Line Transformers and Power Supply to the SCOUT-P(X)
SCOUT-P(X)
160
100nF 330nF
160
40
40
U
P
N
LIa
LIb
Transformer Ratio 2:1
5V Su ppl y V o lt ag e
2:1
SCOUT-P(X)
50
330nF
50
10
UPNTRAN.DRW
U
P
N
LIa
LIb
Transformer Ratio 1:1
3.3V Supply Voltage
1:1
100nF
10
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HDLC Controller
Data Sheet 86 2001-03-07
3 HDLC Controller
The HDLC controller handles layer-2 functions of the D- channel protocol (LAPD) or B-
channel pro tocols. It can access the D or B-channe ls or any combination of them e.g. 18
bit IDSL data (2B+D) by setting the enable HDLC channel bits (EN_D, EN_B1H,
EN_B2H) in the HCI_CR register.
It performs the framing functions used in HDLC based communication: flag generation/
recognition, bit stuffing, CRC check and address recognition.
One 64 byte FIFO for the receive and one for the transmit direction are available. They
are implemented as cyclic buffers. The transceiver reads and writes data sequentially
with constant data rate whereas the data transfer between FIFO and microcontroller
uses a block oriented protocol with variable block sizes.
The configuration, contr ol and status bits related to the HDLC controller are all assigned
to the address range 20H-29H. (see chapter 7).
3.1 Message Transfer Modes
The HDLC controller can be programmed to operate in various modes, which are
different in the treatment of the HDLC frame in receive direction. Thus the receive data
flow an d the address recogniti on features can be programmed in a flexible way to satisfy
different system requirements.
The structure of a LAPD two-byte address is shown below.
For the address recognition the HDLC controller contains four programmable registers
for individual SAPI and TEI values (SAP1, 2 and TEI1, 2), plus two fixed values for the
“group” SAPI (SAPG = ’FE’ or ’FC’) and TEI (TEIG = ’FF’).
The received C/R bit is excluded from the address comparison. EA is the address field
extension bit which is set to ’1’ for LAPD protocol.
There ar e 5 different operating modes which can be selected via the m ode selection bi ts
MDS2-0 in the MODEH register:
High Address Byte Low Address Byte
SAPI1, 2, SAPG C/R 0 TEI 1, 2, TEIG EA
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HDLC Controller
Data Sheet 87 2001-03-07
3.1.1 Non-Auto Mode (MDS 2-0 = ’01x’)
Characteristics: Full address recognition with one-byte (MDS = ’010’) or
two-byte (MDS = ’011’) address comparison
All frames with valid addresses are accepted and the bytes following the address are
transferred to the µP via RFIFO.
3.1.2 Transparent Mode 0 (MDS2-0 = ’110’).
Characteristics: no address recognition
Every received frame is stored in RFIFO (first byte after opening flag to CRC field).
3.1.3 Transparent Mode 1 (MDS2-0 = ’111’).
Characteristics: SAPI recognition
A comparison is per formed on the first byte after the ope ning flag with SAP1, SAP2 and
“group” SA PI (FEH/FCH). In the case of a match , all follo wing bytes are stor ed in RFIFO.
3.1.4 Transparent Mode 2 (MDS2-0 = ’101’).
Characteristics: TEI recognition
A comparison is performed only on the second byte after the opening flag, with TEI1,
TEI2 and group TEI (FFH). In case of a match the rest of the frame is stored in the RFIFO.
3.1.5 Extended Transparent Mode (MDS2-0 = ’100’).
Characteristics: fully transparent
In extended transparent mode fully transparent data transmission/reception without
HDLC framing is performed i.e. without FLAG generation/recognition, CRC generation/
check, bitstuffing mechanism. This allows user specific protocol variations.
Also refer to chapter 3.5.
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HDLC Controller
Data Sheet 88 2001-03-07
3.2 Data Reception
3.2.1 Structure and Control of the Receive FIFO
3.2.1.1 General Description
The 64-byte cyclic RFIFO buffer has variable FIFO block sizes (thresholds) of 4, 8, 16 or
32 bytes which can be selected by setting the corresponding RFBS bits in the EXMR
register. The variable block size allows an optimized HDLC processing concerning frame
length, I/O throughput and interrupt load.
The transfer protocol between HDLC FIFO and microcontroller is block orientated with
the microcon troller as master. The control of the data transfer between the CPU and the
HDLC controller is handled via interrupts (HDLC controller → Host) and commands
(Host → HDLC controller).
There are three different interrupt indications in the ISTAH register concerned with the
reception of data:
–RPF (Receive Pool Full) interrupt, indicating that a data block of the selected length
(EXMR.RFBS) can be read from RFIFO. The message which is currently received
exceeds the block size so further blocks will be received to complete the message.
–RME (Receive Message End) interrupt, indicating that the reception of one message
is completed, i.e. either
•a short message is received
(message length ≤the defined block size (EXMR.RFBS) or
•the last part of a long message is received
(message length >the defined block size (EXMR.RFBS))
and is stored in the RFIFO.
–RFO (Receive Frame Overflow) interrupt, indicating that a complete frame could not
be stored in RFIFO and is therefore lost as the RFIFO is occupied. This occurs if the
host fails to respond quickly enough to RPF/RME interrupts since previous data was
not read by the host.
There are two control commands (bits of CMDR) that are used with the reception of data:
–RMC (Receive Message Comp lete) command, telling the HD LC controller that a data
block has been read from the RFIFO and the corresponding FIFO space can be
released for new receive data.
–RRES (Receiver Reset) command, resetting the HDLC receiver and clearing the
receive FIFO of any data (e.g. used before start of reception). It has to be used after
having changed the mode.
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HDLC Controller
Data Sheet 89 2001-03-07
The following description of the receive FIFIO operation is illustrated in figure 50 for a
RFIFO block size (threshold) of 16 and 32 bytes.
The RFIFO requests service from the microcontroller by setting a bit in the ISTAH
register, which causes an interrupt (RPF, RME, RFO). The microcontroller then reads
status information (RBCH,RBCL), data from the RFIFO and changes the RFIFO block
size (EXMR.RFBS). A block transfer is completed by the microcontroller via a receive
message complete (CMDR.RMC) command. This causes the space of the transferred
bytes being released for new data and in case the frame was complete (RME) the reset
of the receive byte counter RBC (RBCH,RBCL).
The total le ngth of th e frame is contai ned in th e RBCH and R BCL reg isters (RBC11... 0).
If a frame is longer than 4095 bytes, the RBCH.OV (overflow) bit w ill be set. The least
significant bits of RBCL conta in the numb er of valid b ytes in the l ast data block indicated
by RME (leng th of last data block ≤selected block size). Table 7 show s which RBC bit s
contain the number of bytes in the last data block or number of complete data blocks
respectively. If the number of bytes in the last data block is ’0’ the length of the last
received block is equal to the block size.
The transfer bl ock size (EXMR.RFBS) is 3 2 bytes by default. If it is necessary to react to
an incoming fram e within the fir st few bytes the microcontroll er can set the RFIFO block
size to a smaller value. Each time a CMDR.RMC or CMDR.RRES command is issued,
the RFIFO access controller sets its block size to the value specified in EXMR.RFBS, so
the microcontroller has to write the new value for RFBS before the RMC command.
When setting an initial value for RFBS before the first HDLC activities, a RRES
command must be issued afterwards.
The RFIFO can hol d any number of fr ame s fitt ing i n the 64 b yt es. At th e end of a frame,
the RSTA byte is always appended.
All generated interrupts are inserted together with all additional information into a wait
line to be individually passed to the host. For example if several data blocks have been
received to be read by the host and the host acknowledg es the current block, a new RPF
or RME interrupt from the wait line is immediately generated to indicate new data.
Table 7
Receive Byte Count with RBC11...0 in the RBCH and RBCL reg isters
EXMR.RFBS
bits Selected
block size Number of
complete
data blocks in bytes in the last
data block in
’00’32 byte RBC11...5 RBC4...0
’01’16 byte RBC11...4 RBC3...0
’10’8 byte RBC11...3 RBC2...0
’11’4 byte RBC11...2 RBC1...0
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HDLC Controller
Data Sheet 90 2001-03-07
Figure 50
RFIFO Operation
HDLC
Receiver
32
16
8
4
RPF
RFIFO
µP
RBC=4h
RAM
HDLC
Receiver
RFIFO ACCESS
CONTROLLER
32
16
8
4
RFBS=01
RAM
EXMR.RFBS=01
RMC
EXMR.RFBS=11
so after the first 4
bytes of a n ew frame
have been stored in the
fifo an receive pool full
interrupt ISTAH.RPF
The µP has read
the 4 bytes , sets
RFBS=01 (16 bytes)
and completes the
block transfer by
an CMDR.RMC comma nd.
Following CMDR.RM C
the 4 bytes of th e
last bloc k are
deleted.
RFACC RFACC
is set. RFIFO AC CE SS
CONTROLLER
RFBS=11
HDLC
Receiver 32
16
8
RPF
RFIFO
µP
RBC=14h
RAM
RSTA
RSTA
RSTA
The HDLC
receiv er has
written further
data into the FIFO.
When a frame
is complete, a
status byte (RSTA)
is appende d.
FIFO.
When the RFACC detec ts 16 valid byte s,
it sets an RPF interrupt. The µP reads the 16 byt es
HDLC
Receiver
32
16
8
RME
RFIFO
RBC=16h
RAM
RSTA
RSTA
RSTA
After the RMC acknowledgement the
the frame, therefore it asserts
an RME interupt and increments the
RBC counter by 2.
RMC
RFACC RFACC
Meanwhil e two
more short frames
have been
received.
and acknowl edges the transf er by setting CM DR.RMC.
This causes the space occupied by the 16 bytes being
released.
µP
RFIFO ACCESS
CONTROLLER
RFBS=01
RFIFO ACCESS
CONTROLLER
RFBS=01
RFACC detects an RSTA byte, i.e. end of
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HDLC Controller
Data Sheet 91 2001-03-07
3.2.1.2 Possible Error Conditions during Reception of Frames
If parts of a frame get lost because the receive FIFO is full, the Receive Data Overflow
(RDO) byte in the RSTA byte will be set. If a complete frame is lost, i.e. if the FIFO is full
when a new frame is received, the receiver will assert a Receive Frame Overflow (RFO)
interrupt.
The microcon tro ller sees a cycli c buffer , i .e. i f i t tr ies to rea d mor e da ta than available, it
reads the same data again and again. On the other hand, if it doesn’t read or doesn’t
want to read all data, they are deleted anyway after the RMC command.
If the microcontroller reads data without a prior RME or RPF interrupt, the read data is
undefined but the content of the RFIFO would not be corrupted.
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HDLC Controller
Data Sheet 92 2001-03-07
3.2.1.3 Data Reception Procedure
The general procedures for a data reception sequence are outlined in the flow diagram
in figure 51.
Figure 51
Data Reception Procedures
HDLC_Rflow.vsd
START
Receive
Message End
RME
?
Receive
Pool Full
RPF
?
Read Counter
RD_Count := RFBS
or
RD_Count := RBC
Read RD_Count
bytes from RFIFO
Receive Message
Complete
Write
RMC
Change Block Size
Write EXMR.RFBS
(optional)
Read RBC
RD_Count := RBC
Y
Y
N
N
*1)
RBC = RBCH + RBCL register
RFBS: Refer to EXMR register
In case of RME the last byte in RFIFO contains
the receive status information RSTA
*1)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
HDLC Controller
Data Sheet 93 2001-03-07
Figure 52 gives an example of an interrupt controlled reception sequence, supposed
that a long fr ame (68 byte) fo ll ow ed b y two shor t fr am es (1 2 byte each) i s r eceive d. The
FIFO threshold (block size) is set to 32 byte (EXMR.RFBS = ’00’) in this example:
•After 32 bytes of frame 1 have been received an RPF interrupt is generated to indicate
that a data block can be read from the RFIFO.
•The host reads the first data block from RFIFO and acknowledges the reception by
RMC. Meanwhile the second data block is received and stored in RFIFO.
•The second 32 byte block is indicated by RPF which is read and acknowledged by the
host as described before.
•The reception of the remaining 4 bytes plus RSTA are indicated by RME.
•The host gets the number of received bytes (COUNT = 5) from RBCL/RBCH and
reads out the RFIFO. The frame is acknowledged by RMC.
•The second frame is received and indicated by RME interrupt.
•The host gets the number of bytes (COUNT = 13) from RBCL/RBCH and reads out
the RFIFO. The RFIFO is acknowledged by RMC.
•The third frame is transferred in the same way.
Figure 52
Reception Sequence, Example
fifoseq_rec.vsd
*1)
The last byte contains the receive status information <RSTA>
RMCRPF RMERPFRMC RMERMC RMCRMC RME
IOM Interface
CPU Interface
Receive
Frame 68
Bytes 12
Bytes 12
Bytes
32 4121232
RD
Count RD
13 Bytes
*1)
RD
Count RD
13 Bytes
*1)
RD
Count RD
5 Bytes
*1)
RD
32 Bytes
RD
32 Bytes
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
HDLC Controller
Data Sheet 94 2001-03-07
3.2.2 Receive Frame Structure
The management of the received HDLC frames as affected by the different operating
modes (see chapter 3.1) is sh own in figure 53.
Figure 53
Receive Data Flow
FLAG
fifoflow_rec.vsd
0'60'6 0'6 02'(
CTRL CRC FLAG
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PSB 21391
PSB 21393
HDLC Controller
Data Sheet 95 2001-03-07
The HDLC controller indicates to the host that a new data block can be read from the
RFIFO by means of an RPF interrupt (see previous chapter). User data is stored in the
RFIFO and information about the received frame is available in the RSTA, RBCL and
RBCH registers which are listed in table 8.
Table 8
Receive Information at RME Interrupt
Information Location Bit Mode
Type of frame
(Command/
Response)
RFIFO
(last byte) C/R Non-auto mode,
2-byte address field
Transparent mode 1
Recognition of SAPI RFIFO
(last byte) SA1, 0 Non-auto mode,
2-byte address field
Transparent mode 1
Recognition of TEI RFIFO
(last byte) TA All except
transparent mode 0
Result of CRC check
(correct/incorrect) RFIFO
(last byte) CRC All
Valid Fram e RFIFO
(last byte) VFR All
Abort condition detected
(yes/no) RFIFO
(last byte) RAB All
Data overflow during reception of
a frame (yes/no) RFIFO
(last byte) RDO All
Number of bytes received in
RFIFO RBCL Reg. R BC4-0 All
Message length RBC L Reg.
RBCH Reg. RBC11-0 All
RFIFO Overflow RBCH Reg. OV All
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
HDLC Controller
Data Sheet 96 2001-03-07
3.3 Data Transmission
3.3.1 St ructure and Control of the Transmit FIFO
3.3.1.1 General Description
The 64-byte cyclic XFIFO buffer has variable FIFO block sizes (thresholds) of 16 or 32
bytes, selectable by the XFBS bit in the EXMR register.
There are three different interrupt indications in the ISTAH register concerned with the
transmission of data:
–XPR (Transmit Pool Ready) interrupt, indicating that a data block of up to 16 or 32 byte
(block size selected via EXMR:XFBS) can be written to the XFIFO.
An XPR interrupt is generated either
•after an XRES (Transmitter Reset) command (which is issued for example for frame
abort) or
•when a data block from the XFIFO is transmitted and the corresponding FIFO
space is released to accept further data from the host.
–XDU (Transmit Data Underrun) interrupt, indicating that the transmission of the
current frame has been aborted (seven consecutive ’1’s are transmitted) as the XFIFO
holds no further transmit data. This occurs if the host fails to respond to an XPR
interrupt qui ckl y enough.
–XMR (Transmit Message Repeat) interrupt, indicating that the transmission of the
complete l ast frame has to b e repeated as a collisio n on the S bus has been detected
and the XFIFO does not hold the first data bytes of the frame (collision after the 16th
or 32nd byte of the frame, respectively).
Three different control commands are used for transmission of data:
–XTF (Transmit Transparent Frame) command, telling the HDLC controller that up to
16 or 32 byte (according to selected block size) have been written to the XFIFO and
should be transmitted. A start flag is generated automatically.
–XME (Transmit Message End) command, telling the HDLC controller that the last d ata
block written to the XFIFO completes the corresponding frame and should be
transmitted. This implies that according to the selected mode a frame end (CRC +
closing flag) is generated and appended to the frame.
–XRES (Transmitter Reset) command, resetti ng the HDLC transmitter and cl earing the
transmit FIFO of any data.
Optionally two additional status conditions can be read by the host:
–XDOV (Transmit Data Overflow), indicating that the data block size has been
exceeded, i.e. more than 16 or 32 byte were entered and data was overwritten.
–XFW (Transmit FIFO Write Enable), indicating that data can be written to the XFIFO.
This status flag may be polled instead of or in addition to XPR.
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
HDLC Controller
Data Sheet 97 2001-03-07
The XFIFO requests service from the microcontroller by setting a bit in the ISTAH
register, which causes an interrupt (XPR, XDU, XMR). The microcontroller can then read
the status register STAR (XFW, XDOV), write data in the FIFO and it can change the
transmit FIFO block size (EXMR.XFBS) if required.
The instant of the initiation of a transmit pool ready (XPR) interrupt after different transmit
control commands is listed in table 9.
When setting XME the transmitter appends the FCS and the end flag at the end of the
frame. When XTF & XME has been set, the XFIFO is locked until successful
transmission of the current frame, so a consecutive XPR interrupt also indicates
successful transmission of the frame whereas after XME or XTF the XPR interrupt is
asserted as soon as there is space for one data block in the XFIFO.
The transfer block size is 32 bytes by default, but sometimes, if the microcontroller has
a high computa tional load, it is useful to incre ase the maximum reaction ti me for an XPR
interrupt. The maximum reaction time is:
tmax = (XFIFO size - XFBS) / data transmission rate
A selected block size of 16 bytes means that an XPR interrupt is indicated when there
are s till 48 bytes (64 b ytes - 16 bytes) to be tran smitted . With a 32 byte s block size the
XPR is initiated when there are still 32 bytes (64 bytes - 32 bytes), i.e. the maximum
reaction time for the smaller block size is 50 % higher with the trade-off of a doubled
interrupt load. A selected block size of 32 or 16 bytes respectively always indicates the
available space in the XFIFO. So any number of bytes smaller than the selected XFBS
may be stored in the FIFO during one “write block“ access cycle.
Similar to RFBS for the receive FIFO, a new setting of XFBS takes effect after the next
XTF,XME or XRES command. XRES resets the XFIFO.
The XFIFO can hold any number of frames fitting in the 64 bytes.
Table 9
XPR Interrupt (availability of the XFIFO) after XTF, XME Commands
CMDR. Transmit pool ready (XPR) interrupt initiated...
XTF as soon as the selected buffer size in the FIFO is available
XTF &
XME after the successful transmission of the closing flag. The transmitter
sends always an abort sequence
XME as soon as the selected buffer size in the FIFO is available, two
consecutive frames share flags
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
HDLC Controller
Data Sheet 98 2001-03-07
3.3.1.2 Possible Error Conditions during Transmission of Frames
If the transmitter sees an empty FIFO, i.e. if the microcontroller does not react quickly
enough to an XPR interrupt, an XDU (transmit data underrun) interrupt will be raised. If
the HDLC channel becomes unavailable during transmission the transmitter tries to
repeat the current frame as specified in the LAPD protocol. This is impossible after the
first data block has been sent (16 or 32 bytes), in this case an XMR transmit message
repeat interrupt is set and the microcontroller has to send the whole frame again.
Both XMR and XDU interrupts cause a reset of the XFIFO. The XFIFO is locked while
an XMR or XDU interrupt is pending, i.e. all write actions of the microcontroller will be
ignored as long as the mi crocontroller has not rea d the ISTAH register with the set XDU,
XMR interrupts.
If the microcontroll er write s more data than all owed (16 or 32 bytes), then the dat a in the
XFIFO will be corrupted and the STAR.XDOV bit is set. If this happens, the
microcontroller has to abort the transmission by CMDR.XRES and to restart.
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
HDLC Controller
Data Sheet 99 2001-03-07
3.3.1.3 Data Transmission Procedure
The general procedures for a data transmission sequence are outlined in the flow
diagram in figure 54.
Figure 54
Data Transmission Procedure
HDLC_Tflow.vsd
START
Transmit
Pool Ready
XPR
?
Command
XTF+XME
Write Data
(up to 32 Bytes)
to XFIFO
N
Y
Y
NEnd of
Message
?
End
Command
XTF
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
HDLC Controller
Data Sheet 100 2001-03-07
The following description gives an example for the transmission of a 76 byte frame with
a selected block size of 32 byte (EXMR:XFBS=0):
•The host writes 32 bytes to the XFIFO, issues an XTF command and waits for an XPR
interrupt in order to continue with entering data.
•The HDLC controller immediately issues an XPR interrupt (as remaining XFIFO space
is not used) and starts transmission.
•Due to the XPR interrupt the host writes the next 32 bytes to the XFIFO, follow ed by
the XTF command, and waits for XPR.
•As soon as the last byte of the fi rst block is transmitted, the HDLC cont roller issues an
XPR interrupt (XFIFO space of first data block is free again) and continues
transmitting the second block.
•The host writes th e remai ning 12 bytes of th e frame t o the XFIFO and issues the XTF
command together with XME to indicate that this is the end of frame.
•After the last byte of the frame has been transmitted the H D LC con trol l er releases an
XPR interrupt and the host may proceed with transmission of a new frame.
Figure 55
Transmission Sequence, Example
Transmit
Frame
76 Bytes
fifoseq_tran.vsd
IOM Interface
CPU Interface
WR
32 Bytes
XTF
32 1232
XPR XPR
WR
32 Bytes
XTF
WR
12 Bytes
XTF+XME XPR
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
HDLC Controller
Data Sheet 101 2001-03-07
3.3.2 Transmit Frame Structure
The transmission of transparent frames (XTF command) is shown in figure 56.
For transparent frames, the whole frame including address and control field must be
written to the XFIFO. The host configur es whether the CRC is generate d and appended
to the frame (default) or not (selected in EXMR.XCRC).
Furthermore, the host selects the interframe time fill signal which is transmitted between
HDLC frames (EXMR:ITF). One option is to send continuous flags (’01111110’),
however if D-channel access handling is required, the signal must be set to idle
(continuous ’1’s are transmitted).
Figure 56
Transmit Data Flow
3.4 Access to IOM Channels
By setting the enable HDLC data bits (EN_D, EN_B1H, EN_B2H) in the HCI_CR register
the HDLC co ntroller can access the D, B1, B2 channels or th e combination o f them (e.g.
18 bit IDSL data (2B+ D)). In all mo des sending works alwa ys frame ali gned, i.e. it start s
with the first selected channel whereas reception looks for a flag anywhere in the serial
data stream.
FLAG
fifoflow_tran.vsd
7UDQVPLW7UDQVSDUHQW)UDPH
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CTRL CRC FLAG
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PSB 21391
PSB 21393
HDLC Controller
Data Sheet 102 2001-03-07
3.5 Ext ended Transp arent Mode
This non-HDLC mod e is selected by setting MODE2...0 to ’100’. In extended transparent
mode fully transparent data transmission/reception without HDLC framing is performed
i.e. without FLAG generation/recognition, CRC generation/check, bitstuffing mechanism.
This allows user specific protocol variations.
3.5.1 Transmitter
The transmitter sends the data out of the FIFO without manipulation. Transmission is
always IOM-frame aligned and byte aligned, i.e. transmission starts in the first selected
channel (B1, B2, D, according to the setting of register HCI_CR in the IOM Handler) of
the next IOM frame.
The FIFO indications and commands are the same as in other modes.
If the microcontroller sets XTF & XME the transmitter responds with an XPR interrupt
after sending the last byte, then it returns to its idle state (sending continuous ‘1’).
If the collision detection is enabled (MODE.DIM = ’0x1’) the stop go bit (S/G) can be used
as clear to send indication as in any other mode. If the S/G bit is set to ’1’ (stop) during
transmission the transmitter responds always with an XMR (transmit message repeat)
interrupt.
If the microcontroller fails to respond to a XPR interrupt in time and the transmitter runs
out of data then it will assert an XDU (transmit data underrun) interrupt.
3.5.2 Receiver
The reception is IOM-frame aligned and byte aligned, like transmission, i.e. reception
starts in the first selected channel (B1, B2, D, according to the setting of register HCI_CR
in the IOM Handler) of the next IOM frame. The FIFO indications and commands ar e the
same as in others modes.
All incoming data bytes are stored in the RFIFO and additionally made available in
RSTA.
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
HDLC Controller
Data Sheet 103 2001-03-07
3.6 HDLC Controller Interrupts
The cause of an interrupt related to the HDLC controller is indicated by the HDLC bit in
the ISTA register. This bit points at the different interrupt sources of the HDLC controller
part in the ISTAH register. The individu al interrupt sources of the HDLC cont roller during
reception and transmission of data are explained in chapter 3.2.1 or 3.3.1 respectively.
Figure 57
Interrupt Status Registers of the HDLC Controller
Each interrupt source in ISTAH register can be selectively masked by setting to “1” the
corresponding bit in MASKH.
RME
RPF
RFO
XPR
XMR
XDU
CIC
ST
MOS
TRAN
RME
RPF
RFO
XPR
XMR
XDU
MASKH ISTAH
HDLC
TIN
WOV
INT
ISTA
MASK
CIC
ST
MOS
TRAN
HDLC
TIN
WOV
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
HDLC Controller
Data Sheet 104 2001-03-07
3.7 Test Functions
The following test and diagnostic functions for the D-channel are available:
–Digital l oop vi a TLP ( Test Loop , TM H register) command bi t ( figure 58): The TX p ath
of layer 2 is internally connected with the RX path of layer 2. The output from layer 1
on DD is ignored. This is used for testing layer 2 functionality excluding layer 1
(loopback between XFIFO and RFIFO).
–Test of layer-2 functions while disabli ng all layer- 1 functions and pins associated with
them (including clocking) via bit TR_CONF0.DIS_TR. The HDLC controller and codec
part can still operate via IOM-2. DCL and FSC pins become input.
Figure 58
Layer 2 Test Loops
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Codec
Data Sheet 105 2001-03-07
4 Codec
The codec bridges the gap between the audio world of microphones, earphones,
loudspeakers and the PCM digital world by providing a full PCM codec with all the
necessary transmit and receive filters.
Because the requirements for the codec correspond to the ARCOFI-SP PSB 2163 or
ARCOFI®-BA PSB 2161 respectively the architecture, functionality and transmission
cha racteristics are similar to those devices.
A block diagram of the codec is shown in figure 59.
The codec can be subdivided into three main blocks:
• Analog Front End (AFE)
• Digital Signal Processor (DSP)
• Codec Digital Interface (CDI)
A detailed description can be found in the following chapters.
Figure 59
Architecture of the codec
ALS
MIN1
MIP1
AXI
V
REF
BGREF
Dec
Data Source Select ion, V oice Data Manipulation
(Coding, Masking, Conf erencing)
Frequency
Correction
Filter
Tone Generator
Digital Gain
Adjustment
Speakerphone
Function
Sidetone
Int
VREF
AIN-
MUX
AMI A/D Dec
D/A Int
AHO
MIN2
MIP2
LSN
LSP
HON
HOP
codec_arch.vsd
Codec Voice Data
CH1X
CH1R
CH2R
CH2X
Control/
config.
Data
C020X
C021X
C010X
C011X
C010R
C011R
C020R
C021R
IOM-2 Handler
µC Interface or
Monitor Handler
CDIDSPAFE
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Codec
Data Sheet 106 2001-03-07
The controlling and programming of the various operation modes, configurations and
coefficients can be done via the microcontroller interface or the IOM-2 monitor channel
and is described in the corresponding interface section. An overview on these
programmable parameters can be found in chapter 4.8.
4.1 Analog Front End (AFE) Description
The Analog Front End section of the codec is the interface between the analog
transduce rs and the digital signa l processor. In the transmit direction the AFE function is
to amplify the transducer input signals (microphones) and to convert them into digital
signals. In the AFE receive section the incoming digital signal is converted to an analog
signal which is output to an earpiece and/or a loudspeaker.
The three AFE configuration registers (ACR, ATCR, ARCR) provide a high flexibility to
accommodate an extensive set of user procedures and terminal attributes.
Figure 60 shows the block diagram of the Analog Front End:
.
Figure 60
Block Diagram of AFE
DREF
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Codec
Data Sheet 107 2001-03-07
Two differential inputs (MIP1/MIN1 and MIP2/MIN2) and one single-ended input (AXI)
can be connected to the amplifier AMI via an analog input multiplexer (ATCR.AIMX). The
programmable amplifier AMI (ATCR.MIC) provides a coarse gain adjustment ra nge from
0...42dB in 6dB steps. The maximum value of the prog rammable gain ad justment of the
microphone amplifier with specified transmission characteristics is 36dB for the
differential input. The maximum gain value with speci fied transmissi on characteristics of
the single ended input AXI is 24dB. Fine gain adjustment is performed in the digital
domain via the programm able gain adjustment stage GX (see signal pr ocessor sectio n).
This allows a perfect level adaptation to various types of microphone transducers without
loss in the signal to noise performance.
The fully differential output HOP/HON connects the amplifier AHO to a handset earpiece.
Differential output LSP/LSN is provided for use with a 50Ω (5V supply voltage) or 25Ω
(3.3V suppl y voltage) re spectivel y lo udspeaker. Th e program mable amplif iers AHO and
ALS (ARCR.HOC, ARCR.LSC) provide a coarse gain adjustment range from 11.5dB...-
21.5dB (ALS) or 2.5d B...-21.5dB (AHO) respectively. The step size is for b oth amp lifiers
3dB. Fine gain adjustment is performed in the digital domain via the programmable
adjustment stage GR.
Each output of the differe ntial amplifiers AHO and ALS can be powered down separately
(ACR.DHOP, DHON, DLSP, DLSN). By setting ACR.SEM, a powered down
loudspeaker output can be grounded internally for a single ended operation.
The bandgap reference voltage is low-pass filtered via a capacity connected to pin
BGREF. The internal and external reference voltages are derived from this filtered
bandgap reference voltage providing a good noise performance.
A square wave signal from the tone generator can be output directly to the loudspeaker
amplifier (TGSR.TRL) via a level shifter.
Note: The single-ended input (AXI) is internally connected to VREF. To avoid an
unsymmetric input signal to the internal amplifer module, external resitors must
not be connected between AXI and GND or AXI and VREF.
4.1.1 AFE Attenuation Plan
Figure 61 shows the attenuation plan of the AFE for the transmit and receive direction.
The levels are given for the digital reference level (0dBm0) and the max. PCM level in
A-law coding (3.14dBm0) at the two supply voltages 3.3V and 5V.
The stated mi crophone ampl ifier g ain is the maxi mum gain fo r guaranteed transmission
characteristics.
In the receive path the stated loudspeaker or handset output amplification is the
maximum sele ctable gai n at the maxi mum digit al PCM l evel (3 .14dBm0) fo r guara nteed
transmission characteristics.
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Codec
Data Sheet 108 2001-03-07
.
Figure 61
AFE Attenuation Plan
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Codec
Data Sheet 109 2001-03-07
4.2 Signal Processor (DSP) Description
The signal pr ocessor (DSP) ha s been conceived to perform all ITU-T and ETSI (NET33)
recommended filtering in transmit and receive paths and is therefore fully compatible to
the ITU-T G.712 and ETSI (NET33) specifications. The data processed by the DSP is
provided in the transmit direction by an oversampling A/D-converter situated in the
analog front e nd (AFE). Once pr ocessed, the speech sig nal is converted i nto an 8- bit A-
law or µ-law PCM format or remains as a 16-bit linear word (2s complement) if the
compression stage is bypassed. In the receive direction, the incoming PCM data is
expanded into a linear format (if the linear mode is selected, the expansion logic is
bypassed) and subsequently processed until it is passed to the oversampling D/A-
converter.
Additionally to these standard codec functions an universal tone generation unit and a
high quality speaker phon e function ( onl y SCOUT-PX) i s pr ovide d. Figure 62 sho ws the
processor signal flow graph which illustrates the following description of the signal
processing in receive and transmit direction, the tone generation and speakerphone
function.
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Codec
Data Sheet 110 2001-03-07
Figure 62
Processor Signal Flow Graph
DEC
INT
LP
LP
Tone Generator
GX
GR
DTMF-
HPX
0...-6 dB
6...0 dB
DTMF
trapezoid
user programmable
square
Transmit
Receive
sine
FX
AGCX
GHX
AGCR
GHR
Speakerphone
Support
GZ
0...- dB
∞
HPR
LP
FR
DLS
1
TRR
1
DTMF
1
DHPXDHPX
11
DHPRDHPR
11
AFE
to ALS ampl.square
DTMF
1
DTMF
TRX
1
SD
SC,SDSC
SC
Voice Data
Manipulation
XDAT
RDAT
idle
CH10X
CH11X
CH20X
CH21X
CH20R
CH21R
CH10R
CH11R
Codec Voice Data
CH1X
CH2X
CH2R
CH1R
idleA-Law
µ-Law
8-bit LINMASK2
16-bit LIN
A-Law
µ-Law
8-bit LINMASK2
16-bit LIN
A-Law
µ-Law
8-bit LINMASK1
16-bit LIN
ATT1R
ATT2R
idle
A-Law
µ-Law
8-bit LINMASK1
16-bit LIN
1
ENX1
1
ENX2
1
1
DLP1
DLP2
FXGX
ERA
GR
FRAGCR
PGCR
DSS1X
DSS2X
MASKx
MPx
AGCX
GZ
CMESPSPST
DSSR
SC
<TGCR>
<TGSR>
MAAR
1
0
DFxR
DFxX
to IO M -H an d ler
PGZ
Speakerphone support
SCOUT-PX only
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Codec
Data Sheet 111 2001-03-07
4.2.1 Transmit Signal Processing
In the transmi t di re ct ion a ser ie s of decima tion filters reduces the samp li ng rate dow n to
the 8-kHz PCM-rate. These filters attenuate the out-of-band noise by limiting the transmit
signal to the voice band. The decimation stages end with a low-pass filter (LP).
If the tone generation unit is connected to the transmit direction (TGSR.DTMF = ’1’), a
special 2-kHz DTMF low-pass filter is placed in the transmit path. This filter guarantees
an attenuation of all unwanted frequency components, if DTMF signals are transmitted.
Additionall y, it is possible to add a programma ble tone signal to the transmit voice signa l
(TGSR.TRX = ’1’).
The GX-gain adjustment stage is digitally programmable allowing the gain to be
programmed from + 6 to 0 dB in steps of ≤0.25 dB (values from –∞ dB to 12 dB are
programmable but the transmission characteristics are only guaranteed in a specific
range, see table 10 and 11). Two bytes are necessary to set GX to the desired value.
After reset, the GX-gain stage is bypassed.
The transmit path contains a programmable high performance frequency response
correction filter FX allowing an optimum adaptation to different types of microphones
(dynamic, piezoelectri c or electret). Twelve bytes are necessary to set FX to the desired
frequency correct ion function. After reset, the FX-frequency corr ection filter is bypassed.
Figure 63 shows the architecture of the FX/FR-filter.
A high-pass filter (HPX) is also provided to remove unwanted DC components.
In the voice data manipulation block a data format selection (A-law, µ-law, 8-bit linear,
16 bit linea r), the maski ng of the 8-bit data and the data source selecti on for the two data
channels at the interface to the IOM handler is realized.
4.2.2 Receive Signal Processing
The inco ming data from the IOM handler is similar to transmit directi on processed by the
VDM block. A programmable sidetone gain stage GZ adds a sidetone signal to the
incoming vo ice signal. The sidetone gain can be programmed from –54 to 0 dB w ithin a
±1 dB tolerance range (values from –∞ dB to 12 dB are programmable but the
transmission characteristics are only guaranteed in a specific range, see table 10 and
11). Respectively two bytes are coded in the CRAM to set GZ to the desired value. After
reset, the GZ-gain stage is disabled (–∞ dB).
A high-pass filt er (HPR) is also provi ded to remove disturbances fro m 0 to 50/60 Hz due
to the telecommunication network.
The frequency response correction filter (FR) is similar to the FX-filter allowing an
optimum adaptation to different types of loudspeakers or earpieces. Twelve bytes are
necessary to set FR to the desired frequency correction function. After reset, the
FR-frequency correction filter is bypassed.
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Data Sheet 112 2001-03-07
The GR-gain adjustment stage is digitally programmable from –6 to 0 dB in steps
≤0.25 dB (–∞ dB and ot hers are also possible). Respectively two bytes are coded in the
CRAM to set GR to the desired value. After reset, the GR-gain stage is bypassed.
A low-pass filter limits the signal bandwidth in the receive direction according to ITU-T
and ETSI (NET33) recommendations.
A series of low-pass interpolation filters increases the sampling frequency up to the
desired value. The last interpolator feeds the D/A-converter.
Figure 63
Architecture of the FX- and FR-Correction Filter
Equalizer 1 Equalizer 2 High- / Low- Pass
ITD02288
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Data Sheet 113 2001-03-07
4.2.3 Programmable Coefficients for Transmit and Receive
This section gives a short overview of important programmable coefficients. For more
detailed information a coefficient software package is available (SCOUT MASTER
SIPO 21383).
Table 10 Description of the programmable Level Adjustment Parameters
Parameter # of CRAM
Bytes Range Comment
GX 2 12 to dB
6 to 0 dB Transmit gain adjustment
Transmission characteristics guaranteed
GR 2 12 to dB
0 to -6 dB Receive gain adjustment
Transmission characteristics guaranteed
GZ 2 12 to dB Sidetone gain adjustment
Table 11 Subset of Coefficients for GX, GR and GZ:
Gain [dB] MSB LSB Gain [dB] MSB LSB Gain [dB] MSB LSB
12.0 10H01H0A0
H01H-12.0 A9H01H
11.0 10H31H-0.5 B3H42H-13.0 9CH51H
10.0 10H13H-1.0 A3H2BH-14.0 99H13H
9.0 01H4BH-1.5 A2H32H-15.0 8CH1BH
8.0 20H94H-2.0 BBH4AH-16.0 82H7BH
7.0 30H94H-2.5 BBH13H-17.0 84H4BH
6.0 13H51H-3.0 BAH29H-18.0 89H6AH
5.5 B0H39H-3.5 BAH5BH-19.0 8BH0CH
5.0 A0H49H-4.0 A2H01H-20.0 84H1CH
4.5 23H01H-4.5 AAH1BH-21.0 8CH1CH
4.0 22HB4H-5.0 9BH3AH-22.0 82H7CH
3.5 23H12H-5.5 AAH33H-23.0 84H4CH
3.0 32HA4H-6.0 AAH22H-24.0 89H6BH
2.5 B1HBCH-7.0 B9H2CH-25.0 8BH0DH
2.0 B1H03H-8.0 9AHBCH-26.0 84H1DH
1.5 33H39H-9.0 9BH13H88H01H
1.0 B2H5AH-10.0 9BH32H
0.5 B3H49H-11.0 93H02H
∞–
∞–
∞–
∞–
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Data Sheet 114 2001-03-07
4.3 Tone Generation
The ASP contains a universal tone generator which can be used for tone alerting, call
progress tones, DTMF-signals or other audible feedback tones.
All the tone generation configurations are programmable in the registers TGCR (Tone
Generat or Configuration R egister) and TGSR (Tone Generat or Switch Register ) and the
CRAM parameters.
The tone generation unit consists of following main blocks:
•Four Signal Generators
•Sequence Generator
•Control Generator
•Tone Filter
•Tone Level Adjustment
Figure 64 shows the signal flow graph of the tone generation unit and illustrates the
following functional description.
4.3.1 Four Signal Generators
The four signal generators can be programmed by CRAM parameters in frequency
(Fn,FD) and gain (Gn,GDn). For the signal generators F1,F2,F3 a trapezoid or square
waveform can be selected by setting the TGC R.SQTR bit. The signal gener ato r FD has
a trapezoid waveform.
The signal generators in conjunction with the tone sequence generator and the control
generator allow to generate different multitone patterns without reprogramming the
necessary parameters.
4.3.2 Sequence Generator
The sequence generator can be enabled or disabled by setting the TGCR.SEQ
(Sequence Generator) bit. If the sequence generator is enabled depending on the
TGCR.TM (Tone Mo de) bit two or three tone sequences o f the signals (F1, G1), (F2,G2)
and (F3 ,G3) are generat ed. The CRAM parameter s T1, T2, T3 determine t he duration of
these individual signals.
If the sequence generator is disabled a continuous tone is generated. The selected
signal generator depends on the TGCR.TM (Tone Mode) bit.
By setting the TGSR.DT (Dual Tone Mode) bit the output of the signal generator FD (FD,
GDn) can be added to the tone signal which is determined by the SEQ and TM bit.
Note: The dual tone mode and the three tone sequence can only be used if the DTMF
mode is disabled (TGSR.DTMF = ’0’)
Table 12 shows the programmable CRAM Parameters of the tone and sequence
generator.
In Table 13 possible tone signals are listed which can be realized with the control bits
SEQ, TM and DT.
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Data Sheet 115 2001-03-07
Figure 64
Signal Flow Graph of t he Tone Generation Unit
Equaliz
er
ET
F
ET
F
11
Tone
Sequence
Generator
Saturatio
n
Control
Tone
Generator
Tone Filter ( A1, A2, K, GE)
T1, T2, T3to ALS ampl.
via TRL switch
Signal Generator
FD,
trapezoidGD1
GD2
GD3
SQTR
SM
PT
GTX
GTRto TRR
switch
to TRX
switch
ET
T1
T2
T3
DTMF
Signal Generator
F2, G2square/
trapezoid
Signal Generator
F3, G3square/
trapezoid
Signal Generator
F1, G1square/
trapezoid
SEQTM
TON, TOFF
Tone
DT
Transmit
DTMF
1
TONGEN.D
RW
1
1
Tone Generator
Tone Level
Adjust.
Res
et
DTMF
1
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Data Sheet 116 2001-03-07
n is either 1, 2 or 3
Note: 0-dB gain setting of G1, G2 or G3 and GD1, GD2 or GD3 corresponds to the
maximum PCM-level (A-Law: + 3.14 dBm0)
Table 13 Tone Generation
Table 12 CRAM Parameters of the Signal and Sequence Generator
Parameter # of CRAM
Bytes Range Comment
Fn 2/2/2 50 Hz to 4 kHz Trapezoid shaped tone
16 kHz/m; (m ≥3) Square-wave signal
Gn 1/1/1 0 dB to –48 dB Gain adjustment for
square/trapezoid generator
Tn 2/2/2 10 ms to 8 s Period of time for two- or three-
tone sequences
FD 2 50 H z to 4 kHz Trapezoid shaped tone
GDn 1/1/1 0 dB to –48 dB Gain adjustment for
trapezoid generator
SEQ TM DT Generated tone
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
Continuous signal [F1, G1]
Continuous signal [F1, G1] + [FD, GD1]
Continuous signal [F2, G2]
Continuous signal [F2, G2] + [FD, GD2]
tone sequence [F1, G1, T1] / [F2, G2, T2]
tone sequence [(F1, G1) + (FD, GD1), T1)] /
[(F2, G2) + (FD, GD2), T2)]
tone sequence (F1, G1, T1) / (F2, G2, T2) / (F3, G3, T3)
tone sequence [(F1, G1) + (FD, GD1), T1] /
[(F2, G2) + (FD, GD2), T2] /
[(F3, G3) + (FD, GD3), T3]
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Data Sheet 117 2001-03-07
4.3.3 Control Generato r
Controll ing of the generat ed tone follows the setti ng of the control bit s ET (Enable Tone)
and PT (Pulsed Tone) and the CRAM parameters TON and TOFF corresponding table
14 and table 15.
Table 14 Control Generator
Table 15 CRAM Parameters of the Control Generator
Four typical examples for the control generator programming are shown in Figure 65.
In the automat ic stop mode (TGCR.SM = ’1’) the selected tone sequence is only stopped
after a sequence is completed. This avoids unpleasant sounds when stopping the tone
generator.
The tone signal can be fe d directly to the input of the loudspeaker amplifier by setting the
TGSR.TRL bit to ’1’. In this mode only a square wave (fixed amplitude of VDD) is
available from the signal generators (F1, F2, F3)and the TGCR.SQTR bit has no effect.
ET PT Generator Output
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
No tone
the tone is pulsed with the programmable parameters
TON, TOFF
continuous tone generation without breaks
the tone is pulsed with the programmable parameters
TON, TOFF
Parameter # of CRAM
Bytes Range Comment
TON
TOFF
2
2
20 ms to 16 min
20 ms to 16 min
Period while the tone generator
is turned on
Period while the tone generator
is turned off
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Figure 65
Typical Control Generator Applicat ions
4.3.4 Tone Filter
A programmable tone filter can be switched in the tone signal path by setting the ETF
(Enable Tone Filter) bit. The tone filter contains a programmable equalizer and a
saturation amplifier (see figure 64).
A generated square-wave or trapezoid signal can be converted by the equalizer into a
sine-wave signal. The equalizer is realized as a band-pass filter.
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Data Sheet 119 2001-03-07
The filter parameters (center frequency, bandwidth and attenuation of the stop-band) are
programmable by the CRAM parameters listed in Table 16
Table 16 CRAM Parameters of the Tone Filter
A maximum attenuation of the first harmonic frequency of 50 dB is possible. Figure 66
shall illustrate the equalizer parameters.
Figure 66
Filter Parameters of the Equalizer
Parameter # of CRAM
Bytes Range Comment
A1
A2
K
GE
1
1
1
1
200 Hz to 4 kHz
0 to –1
0 to 54 dB
+12 to –12 dB
Center frequency
Determines with A1 and K the
bandwidth. The closer A2 comes
to -1, the smaller the bandwidth.
Attenuation of the stop-band
Saturation amplification
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The two main purposes of the programmable saturation amplification are:
•Level balancing of the filtered signal (avoidance of overload effects).
•Amplification up to + 12 dB followed by a saturation (3.14 dBm0) of the incoming
signal. This saturation amplification converts a sine-wave signal into a square-wave
or a trapezoid signal where their edges are eliminated. This method produces
pleasant ringing tones.
4.3.5 Tone Level Adjustment
The generated tone signal can be amplified separate for transmit and receive direction
with the gain parameters GTX, GTR and switched to the transmit/receive channels by
setting TGSR.TRX (Tone Ringing Transmit) and TRR (Tone Ringing Receive).
Table 17 CRAM Parameters of the Tone Level Adjustment
4.3.6 D TMF Mode
The DTMF mode of the tone generator is selected by setting the TGSR.DTMF to ’1’. The
trapezo id outpu t sign al of the signal generators (F3, G3) a nd ( FD, GD 3) a re a dded and
fed in the transm it path. The CRAM paramete rs for the DTMF signals are lis ted in table
18
In the DTMF mode a special DTMF filter is switched to the transmit channel. Undesirable
frequency components are filtered by this special DTMF-low-pass filter to the following
limits:
Parameter # of CRAM
Bytes Range Comment
GTX 1 0 dB to –50 dB
(also –∞dB) Le vel adjustment in transmi t direction
GTR 1 0 dB to –50 dB
(also –∞dB) Le ve l adju st ment in recei v e direction
Frequency Band Min. Attenuat ion
0–300 Hz
300 –3400 Hz
3400 –4000 Hz
33 dB
20 dB
33 dB
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Data Sheet 121 2001-03-07
The pre- emphasis of 2 dB be tween the hi gh and the low DTMF-fr equency groups h as to
be set with the independent gain parameters (G3 and GD3 resp.) of the trapezoid
generators. All generated DTMF-frequencies are guaranteed within a ±1 % deviation.
Note: The deviations due to the inaccuracy of the incoming clock DCL/MCLK, when
added to the nominal deviations tabulated above give t he total absolute devi ation
from the CCITT-recommended frequencies
Table 18 DTMF-frequency (F3,FD) Programming
ITU-T Q.23 SCOUT Relative Deviation Co e fficients
[Hz] Nominal [Hz] from ITU-T high [HEX] low [HEX]
Low Group
697
770
852
941
High Group
1209
1336
1477
1633
697.1
770.3
852.2
941.4
1209.5
1336.9
1477.7
1632.8
+ 143 ppm
+ 390 ppm
+ 235 ppm
+ 425 ppm
+ 414 ppm
+ 674 ppm
+ 474 ppm
–122 ppm
4F
A6
45
20
B4
C8
49
40
16
18
1B
1E
26
2A
2F
34
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Data Sheet 122 2001-03-07
4.4 Speakerphone Support
The speakerphone option of the SCOUT-PX performs all functions required for echo
suppression without any external components, just by software. All these operational
functions real ized by the signal processor ar e completely parameteri zed. This technique
offers a high level of flexibility and reproducibility.
Basically, three static mode o f operation can be disti nguished: “transmit mode”, “receive
mode”, and “idle mode”. In the speech mode the receive path is attenuated while in listen
mode the attenuati on is switched to the transm it path. In the idle mode the attenuation is
halved between transmit and receive paths. The amount of switchable attenuation can
be chosen by software. The speakerphone goes into transmit mode if both, the speech
detector and the speech comparator SCAE, indicate the presence of a speech signal in
the transmit direction that is strong enough. Switching into receive mode appears if the
speech comparator SCLE and the speech detector in the receive path both detect a
speech signal that is strong enough. If no speech is detected at all, the speakerphone
goes into idle mode.
As the signal flow graph of the speakerphone option shows (see figure 67), the complete
operati onal algorithm i s situated between th e analog fron t end/signal processi ng and the
compression/expansion logic. Thus telephone sets can be optimized and adjusted to the
particular physical and acoustic environment.
The main features of the speakerphone signal processing are:
•Two separate attenuation stages activated by voice, one for the transmit and one for
the receive path. They are controlled by the current and past speech activities.
•Immediate mode swi tching mai nly control led by two compa rators, one at the acoustic
side and one at the line side. Capable of handling very long echo times.
•All parameters can be adjusted independently and are closely related to the physical
phenomenons.
•Speech detection by special speech detectors in the respective transmit and receive
directions. Different time constants are separately programmable for signal and noise.
•Background noise monitoring to eliminate continuous background noise from speech
control. All time constants are user programmable.
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Data Sheet 123 2001-03-07
Figure 67
Speakerphone Signal Flow Graph of the SCOUT-PX
4.4.1 Attenuation Control Unit
The Attenuation Control unit controls the attenuation stages GHX of the transmit and
GHR of the receive directions respectively. The programmable loss is switched either
completely to a single path or, in the “IDLE” mode, is halved to each direction.
In addition, attenuation is also influenced by the Automatic Gain Control stages (AGCX
and AGCR). In order to keep the total loop gain always constant, the sweep range (of
ATT) is automatically enlarged with high-gain amplification of the AGCs while it will be
accordingly reduced with low-gain.
Changing from one speakerphone mode into another one depends on the
determinations of one comparator plus the corresponding speech detector. Hence
attenuation is influenced by the current and past speech activities. Also rate of change
varies: changing from “transmit mode” or “receive mode” to “idle mode” is programmable
by the rate factor DS. Direct changes from “transmit mode” to “receive mode” or vice-
versa and changes from “idle mode” to “transmit mode” or “receive mode” can be
programmed via the factor SW in a large range.
COMP
EXP
Signal-Processing
&
Analog Front End
Signal-Processing
&
Analog Front End
GHX
GHR
SD
Attenuation
Control
SCAE
SX
SD
SX´
GR
SCLE
AGCX
AGCR
SR SR´
PCM
PCM
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Data Sheet 124 2001-03-07
Description of the programmable parameters:
4.4.2 Sp eakerphone Test Function and Self Adaption
For optimizing the speakerphone performance the SCOUT-PX provides following test
functions:
- The two register bits (XCSR.SPST) indicate the different speakerphone states (receive,
transmit and idle).
- The mom entary magnitude of the AGC atte nuation in re ceive directio n can be read out
by an SOP_D command.
4.4.3 Speech Detector
The speech detectors (see figure 68) contained in both transmit and receive directions
consist of two main blocks:
•Background Noise Monitor (BNM)
•Signal Processing
Although the speech detector is fully parameterized, the standard coefficient set for the
speech detector fits perfectly to almost every application and normally don’t have to be
altered.
Parameter # of CRAM
Bytes Range Comment
TW
ATT
DS
SW
1
1
1
1
16 ms to 4 s
0 dB to 95 dB
0.6 to 680 ms/dB
0.0052 to 10 ms/dB
Wait time
Attenuation programmed in GHR or
GHX if speech activity for the other
side was detected
Decay Speed
(Decay Time TD = DS ×ATT/2)
Switching time (dependent on ATT)
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Data Sheet 125 2001-03-07
Figure 68
Speech Detector Signal Flow Graph
4.4.3.1 Background Noise Monitor
The tasks of the noise monitor are to differentiate voice signals from background noise,
even if it exceeds the voice level, and to recognize voice signals without any delay.
Therefore the background noise monitor consists of the low-pass filter 2 (LP2) and the
offset in two separate branches. Basically it works on the burst-characteristic of the
speech: voice signals consist of short peaks with high power (bursts). In contrast,
background noise can be regarded approximately stationary from its average power.
Low-pass filter 2 provides different time constants for noise (non-detected speech) and
speech. It determines the average of the noise reference level. In case of background
noise the level at the output of LP2 is approximately the level of the input. Due to the
offset OFF the comparator remains in the initial state. In case of speech at the
comparator input the difference betwe en the signal le vels of the offset bran ch and of the
LP2-branch increases and the comparator changes state. At speech bursts the digital
signals arrivi ng at the com parator via the off set bran ch change faster than tho se via the
LP2-branch so that the comparator changes its polarity. Hence two logical levels are
generated: one for speech and one for noise.
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A small fade constant (LP2N) enables fast settling down the LP2 to the average noise
level after the end of speech recognition. However, a too small time constant for LP2N
can cause rapid charging to such a high level that after recognizing speech the danger
of an unwanted switching back to noise exists. It is recommended to choose a large
rising constant (LP 2S) so that spee ch itsel f charg es the LP2 very sl owly . Gener ally, i t is
not reco mmended to choo se an infin ite LP2S because the n approachi ng the noise level
is disabled. During continuous speech or tones the LP2 will be charged until the limitation
LP2L is reached. Then t he val ue of L P2 i s frozen unti l a br eak disch arg es the LP2 . This
limitation LP2L of this charging especially on the RX-path permits transmission of
continuous tones and “music on hold”.
The offset stage represents the exact level threshold in [dB] between the speech signal
and averaged noise.
4.4.3.2 Signal Processing
As described in the preceding chapter, the background noise monitor is able to
discriminate between speech and noise. In very short speech pauses e.g. between two
words, however, it changes immediately to non-speech, which is equal to noise.
Therefore a peak detection is required in front of the Noise Monitor.
The main task of the Peak Detector is to bridge the very short speech pauses during a
monologue so that this time con stant has to be long. Fur thermore, the speech bur sts are
stored so that a sure speech detectio n is guaranteed. But if no speech is recognized the
noise low-pass LP2 must be charged rapidly to the average noise level.
Additionally the noise edges are to be smoothed. Therefore two time constants are
necessary and are separately programmable: PDS for speech and PDN for space
(background noise) signals.
The Peak Detector is very sensitive to spikes. The LP1 filters the incoming signal
containing noise in a way that main spikes are eliminated. Due to the programmable time
constant it is possible to refuse high-energy sibilants and noise edges.
To compress the speech signals in their amplitudes and to ease the detectio n of speech,
the signals have to be companded logarithmically. Hereby, the speech detector should
not be influenced by the system noise which is always present but should discriminate
between speech and background noise. The limitation of the logarithmic amplifier can be
programmed via the parameter LIM, where the upper half-byte features LIMX and the
lower half-byte LIMR. LIM is related to the maximum PCM level (+3.14 dBm0). A signal
exceeding the limitation defined by LIM is getting amplified logarithmically, while very
smooth system noise below is neglected. It should be the level of the minimum system
noise wh ich is always exis ting; in the tran smit path the noise g enerated by the tel ephone
circuitry itself and in receive direction the level of the first bit which is stable without any
speech signal at the receive path.
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Data Sheet 127 2001-03-07
Description of the programmable speech detector parameters:
4.4.4 Speech Comparators (SC)
Switching from one active mode to another one is controlled by the speech comparators,
provided the speech detectors are indicating speech. There are two speech
comparators, one at the acoustic ( AE) and one a t the line sid e (LE). These com parators
continuously compare the signal levels of both signal paths and control the effect of the
echoes at the acoustic side and the line side. Once speech activity has been detected,
the comparator swi tches at once in that direction i n wh ich the spee ch sign al is stronger.
For this purp ose each signal is compa red to the sum of the ot her and the retur ned echo.
Parameter # of CRAM
Bytes Range Comment
LP1
OFF
PDS
PDN
LP2S
LP2N
LP2L
LIMX, LIMR
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 to 512 ms
0 to 50 dB
1 to 512 ms
1 to 512 ms
4 to 2000 ms
1 to 512 ms
0 to 95 dB
–36 to –78 dB
Time constant LP1
Level offset up to detected noise
Time constant PD (signal)
Time constant PD (noise)
Time constant LP2 (signal)
Time constant LP2 (noise)
Limitation of LP2, related to LIM
Limitation of logarithmic amplifier
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Data Sheet 128 2001-03-07
4.4.4.1 Speech Comparator at the Acoustic Side (SCAE)
In principle, the SCAE works according to the following equation:
Being in RX -mode, the speech compara tor at the aco ustic side contro ls the switching to
TX-mode. Only if the SX-signal is higher than the SR-signal plus the expected/measured
acoustic level enhancement (VAE), the comparator switches immediately to TX-mode.
Physically the level enhancement (VAE) is divided into two parts: GAE and GDAE.
Figure 69
Speech Comparator at the Acoustic Side
if SX > SR + VAE then TX
else RX
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Data Sheet 129 2001-03-07
At the SCAE-input, logarithmic amplifiers compress the signal range. Hence after the
required signal processing for controlling the acoustic echo, pure logarithmic levels on
both paths are compared.
Principall y, the main task of the comparator is to control the echo. The internal coupling
due to the direct sound and mechanical resonances are covered by GAE. The external
coupling, mainly caused by the acoustic feedback, is controlled by GDAE/PDAE.
The Gain of the Acoustic Echo (GAE) corresponds to the terminal couplings of the
complete telephone: GAE is the measured or calculated level enhancement between
both receive and transmit inputs of the SCAE (see figure 67). It equals the sum of the
amplific ation of ALS plus the gain due to the loudspeaker/mi cro phone coupl i ng plu s the
TX-amplification of AMIC1 and GX1. To succeed in a sure differentiation between
original speech and echo, it must be guaranteed that the TX-signal does not run into
saturation due to the loudspeaker/microphone coupling. Therefore, it is recommended
to reduce the TX-gain by 10 dB in front of the SCAE at least in the loudest loudspeaker
volume step. To fulfill the sending loudness rating, this gain is realized by the LGAX/
AGCX which follows the SCAE. Of course, the GAE has to be reduced by the same
amount.
To control the acoustic feedback two parameters are necessary: GDAE-features the
actual reserve on the measured GAE. Together with the Peak Decrement (PDAE) it
simulates the echo behaviour at the acoustic side: After RX-speech has ended there is
a short time during which hard couplings through the mechanics and resonances and the
direct e cho are present. Till the end o f that time (∆t) the level enhancement VAE must
be at least equal to GAE to prevent clipping caused by these internal couplings. Then,
only the acoustic feedback is present. This coupling, however, is reduced by air
attenuation. For this in general the longer the delay, the smaller the echo being valid.
This echo behaviour is featured by the decrement PDAE.
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Data Sheet 130 2001-03-07
Figure 70
Interdependence of GDAE and PDAE
According to figure 70, a compromise between the reserve GDAE and the decrement
PDAE has to be made: a smaller reserve (GDAE) above the level enhancement GAE
requir es a longer ti me to de crease (PDAE). I t is easy t o overshout the other side but the
intercommunication is harder because after the end of the speech, the level of the
estimated echo has to be exceeded. On the contrary, with a higher reserve (GDAE*) it
is harder to overshout continuous speech or tones, but it enables a faster
intercommunication because of a stronger decrement (PDAE*).
Two pairs of coefficients, GDSAE/PDSAE when speech is detected, and GDNAE/
PDNAE in case of noise, offer a different echo handling for speech and non-speech.
With speech, even if very strong resonances are present, the performance will not be
worsened by the high GDSAE needed. Only when speech is detected, a high reserve
prevents clipping. A time period ETAE [ms] after speech end, the parameters of the
comparator are switched to the “noise” va lu es. If both sets of the parameters are equal ,
ETAE has no function.
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Data Sheet 131 2001-03-07
Description of the programmable parameters:
4.4.4.2 Speech Comparator at the Line Side (SCLE)
Principally, the SCLE works similarly to the SCAE. The formula of SCLE is the following:
Being in TX-mode, the speech comparator at the line side controls the switching to RX-
mode. When the SR-signal is higher than the SX-signal plus the expected/measured
echo return loss (VLE) and if SDR has detected speech, the comparator switches
immediately to RX-mode.
Parameter # of CRAM
Bytes Range Comment
GAE
GDSAE
PDSAE
GDNAE
PDNAE
ETAE
1
1
1
1
1
1
–48 to + 48 dB
0 to 48 dB
0.16 to 42 ms/dB
0 to 48 dB
0.16 to 42 ms/dB
0 to 1020 ms
Gain of Acoustic Echo
Reserve when speech is detected
Peak Decrement
when speech is detected
Reserve when noise is detected
Peak Decrement
when noise is detected
Echo time
if SR > SX + VLE then RX
else TX
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Codec
Data Sheet 132 2001-03-07
Figure 71
Speech Comparator at the Line Side
The Gain of the Lin e Echo (GLE) di rectly corr esponds to the echo return l oss of the link.
Generally, it is specified to 27 dB. However, the worst case loss can be estimated to
10 dB. This means, the echo returns at least attenuated by 10 dB.
Similarly to the acoustic side, GDLE at the line side features the reserve above GLE
which is necessary to control the echo via the decrement PDLE. GDLE and PDLE are
interde pende nt. Exact ly ∆t [ms] after the end of RX-s peech the level enhancem ent VLE
must be at least GLE to prevent clipping.
Two pairs of coefficients are available: GDSLE/PDSLE while speech is detected and
GDNLE/PDNLE in case of noise. This offers the possibility to control separately the far-
end echo during speech and the near-end echo while noise is detected. However, this
requires an attenuation between the speech detectors SDX and SDR: If the SDX does
not recognize any speech, the SDR must not detect speech due to the far-end echo.
Note, that LIMX and LIMR are also influencing the sensitivity of the speech detection.
ETLE [ms] after the final speech detection the parameter sets are switched. If both sets
are equal, ETLE has no meaning.
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Codec
Data Sheet 133 2001-03-07
Description of the programmable parameters:
4.4.4.3 Automatic Gain Control of the Transmit Direction (AGCX)
Optionally an AGCX is inserted into the transmit path (see figure 72) to reach nearly
constant loudness rat ing s ind epend ent fr om the varying distance between the speaki ng
person and the microphone. The AGCX works only together with the speakerphone
function (GCR.SP=1).
Operation of the AGCX depends on a threshold level. The threshold is defined by the
parameter COMX (value relative to the maximum PCM-value). Regulation follows two
time constants: TMHX for signal amplitudes above the threshold and TMLX for
amplitudes below. Usually TMHX will be chosen up to 10 times faster than TMLX. The
bold line in figure 73 depicts the steady-state output level of the AGCX as a function of
the input level.
Figure 72
Block Diagram of the AGC in Transmit Direction
Parameter # of CRAM
Bytes Range Comment
GLE
GDSLE
PDSLE
GDNLE
PDNLE
ETLE
1
1
1
1
1
1
–48 to + 48 dB
0 to 48 dB
0.16 to 42 ms/dB
0 to 48 dB
0.16 to 42 ms/dB
0 to 1020 ms
Gain of Line Echo
Reserve when speech is detected
Peak Decrement
when speech is detected
Reserve when noise is detected
Peak Decrement
when noise is detected
Echo time
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Codec
Data Sheet 134 2001-03-07
For reasons of physiological acceptance the AGCX gain is automatically reduced in case
of continuou s background noise e.g. by ventilators. The reduction is progra mmed via the
NOlSX-pa rameter. Wh en the noise level increases th e threshol d determi ned by NOISX,
the amplification will be reduced by the same amount the noise level is above the
threshold.
A programmable Loudness Gain Adjustment stage (LGAX) offers the possibility to
amplify the tr ansmit signal after the speech detector SDX . If a lower signal ra nge in front
of the SDX is necessary to determine between speech and echo a part of the transmit
signal amplification can be transferred to the LGAX. It is enabled with the bit GCR.SP.
Note: Even if the AGCX i s di sabl ed in spe akerphone mode the LGAX remai ns en abl ed.
If the speakerphone is in receive mode, the AGCX is no t working; instead the last gain
settin g is used and reg ulation starts with this value as soon as the spea kerphone returns
into tran smit mode a gain. For transm ission measurements w ith this transi ent behavior i t
is recommended not to use a continuous sine wave signals but some kind of synthetic
speech (e.g. switched noise or Composite Source Signal CSS). The sweep range of the
switchable attenuation ATT (see chapter 4.4.1) is affected by the AGCX.
If the automatic gain control enlarges the signal level, the sweep range will be increased
accordingly in order to obtain a constant over-all gain in transmit and receive direction
(constant TCL, constant echo return loss).
The initial gain (AGIX) is used immediately after enabling the AGCX to allow a fast
settling time of the AGC.
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Data Sheet 135 2001-03-07
Figure 73
Level Diagram For the AGC in Transmit Direction
Description of the programmable parameters:
Parameter # of CRAM
Bytes Range Comment
LGAX
COMX
AAX
AGX
AGIX
TMLX
TMHX
NOISX
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
– 12 to 12 dB
0 to –73 dB
0 to 47 dB
0 to 18 dB
0 to 18 dB
1 to 2700 ms/dB
1 to 340 ms/dB
0 to – 95 dB
Loudness Gain Adjustment
Compare level rel. to max. PCM-value
Attenuation range of Automatic Control
Gain range of Automatic control
Initial AGC gain transmit
Settling time constant for lower levels
Settling time constant for higher levels
Threshold for AGC-reduction
by background noise
MAX. PCM
MAX. PCM
-50dBm0 -10dBm0-20dBm0-30dBm0-40dBm0
-10dBm0
-50dBm0
-40dBm0
-30dBm0
-20dBm0
AGC
OUTPU
T
LEVEL
AGC INPUT LEVEL
COMX
AGX
AGX=0...+18dB
XKEN.DRW
AGX+|AAX|
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Codec
Data Sheet 136 2001-03-07
4.4.5 Automatic Gain Control of the Receive Direction (AGCR)
The Automatic Gain Control of the receive direction AGCR (see figure 74) is similar to
the transmit AGC. One additional parameter (AAR) offers more flexibility since the
AGCR is able to attenu ate signals as well . Depending on the parameters AAR and AGR
differen t behaviours of the AGCR are po ssible as figure 75 illustrates. For example with
AGR set to 0dB and AAR set to maximum (-48 dB) the AGCR acts as a limiter.
The AGCR is working only together with the speakerphone function (GCR.SP=1). The
digital gain stage LGAR is always enabled in speakerphone mode, independent of the
setting of GCR.AGCR.
It is high ly recommended to program reasonable amplifications in the d igital gain stages.
Otherwise the ASP will run into saturation above the 3.14 dB PCM-value.
Note that the speech detector for the receive direction is supplied with the signal that
comes out of the AGR-block unless XCR.PGCR = ’1’.
Figure 74
Function of the Receive AGC
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Codec
Data Sheet 137 2001-03-07
Figure 75
Level Diagram For the AGC in Receive Direction
If the speakerphone is in transmit mode, the AGCR is not working; instead the last gain
setting is used and the regulation starts with this value when the speakerphone has gone
back into receive mode again.
The initial attenuation (AGIR) is used immediately after enabling the AGCR to allow a
fast settling time of the AGC.
The sweep range of the switchable attenuation ATT is affected by the AGCR. If the
automatic gain control enlarges or reduces the signal level, the sweep range will be
adjusted automatically in a way, that the over-all gain in transmit and receive direction
remains constant (constant TCL, constant echo return loss).
Because of this the AGCR can be used for a comfortable receive volume control where
the TCL value is the same for each volume setting and thus providing an optimal
speakerphone performance. For such a volume control the momentary attenuation of the
AGCR has to be read out by a SOP_D command. The parameters AGIR, COMR, can
be determined for the desired volume change and written back in the CRAM.
MAX. PCM
MA X. PC M
-50dBm0 -10dBm0-20dBm0-30dBm0-40dBm0
-10dBm0
-50dBm0
-40dBm0
-30dBm0
-20dBm0
AGC
OUTPU
T
LEVEL
AGC INPUT LEVEL
COMR
AGR>0 AGR=0
AGR=0...+18dB
AAR=0...-48dB AGR+|AAR|
RKEN.DRW
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Codec
Data Sheet 138 2001-03-07
Description of the programmable parameters:
4.4.6 Speakerphone Coefficient Set
Table 19 shows a possible configuration for a speakerphone application and can be
used as a basic programming set.
Parameter # of CRAM
Bytes Range Comment
LGAR
COMR
AAR
AGIR
AGR
TMLR
TMHR
NOISR
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
–12 to 12 dB
0 to –73 dB
0 to – 47 dB
18 to – 47 dB
0 to 18 dB
1 to 2700 ms/dB
1 to 340 ms/dB
0 to – 95 dB
Loudspeaker Gain Adjustment
Compare level re. to max. PCM-value
Attenuation range of Automatic control
Initial AGC attenuation/ gain receive
Gain range of Automatic control
Settling time constant for lower levels
Settling time constant for higher levels
Threshold for AGC-reduction
by background noise
Table 19 Basic Coefficient Set
CMD Sequence Coefficient Code Value
COP_A
COP_A
COP_A
COP_A
COP_A
COP_A
COP_A
COP_A
GAE
GLE
ATT
ETAE
ETLE
TW
DS
SW
0EH
E5H
48H
0CH
32H
09H
25H
64H
5.3 dB
–10.2 dB
28.2 dB
48.0 ms
200.0 ms
144.0 ms
99 ms/dB
0.6 ms/dB
COP_B
COP_B
COP_B
COP_B
COP_B
COP_B
COP_B
COP_B
GDSAE
PDSAE
GDNAE
PDNAE
GDSLE
PDSLE
GDNLE
PDNLE
20H
05H
20H
05H
40H
02H
40H
02H
6.0 dB
8.5 ms/dB
6.0 dB
8.5 ms/dB
12.0 dB
21.3 ms/dB
12.0 dB
21.3 ms/dB
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Data Sheet 139 2001-03-07
COP_C
COP_C
COP_C
COP_C
COP_C
COP_C
COP_C
COP_C
LIMX, LIMR
OFFX
OFFR
LP2LX
LP2LR
LP1X
LP1R
reserved 00H
44H
0CH
0CH
20H
20H
E1H
E1H
–54 dB, –54 dB
4.5 dB
4.5 dB
12 dB
12 dB
4.0 ms
4.0 ms
COP_D
COP_D
COP_D
COP_D
COP_D
COP_D
COP_D
COP_D
PDSX
PDNX
LP2SX
LP2NX
PDSR
PDNR
LP2SR
LP2NR
26H
F4H
20H
44H
26H
F4H
20H
44H
102.3 ms
32.0 ms
6.6 s
30.0 ms
102.3 ms
32.0 ms
6.6 s
30.0 ms
COP_E
COP_E
COP_E
COP_E
COP_E
COP_E
COP_E
COP_E
LGAX
COMX
AAX
AGX
TMHX
TMLX
NOISX
AGIX
13H
C3H
20H
01H
0AH
24H
4FH
20H
4.50 dB
–20.4 dB
12.0 dB
12.0 dB
14.0 ms/dB
383.0 ms/dB
–66.2 dB
0 dB
COP_F
COP_F
COP_F
COP_F
COP_F
COP_F
COP_F
COP_F
LGAR
COMR
AAR
AGR
TMHR
TMLR
NOISR
AGIR
12H
B2H
55H
00H
0AH
2FH
4FH
5.5 dB
–15.1 dB
– 33.2 dB
18.1 dB
14.0 ms/dB
500.9 ms/dB
–66.23 dB
0 dB
Table 19 Basic Coefficient Set (cont’d)
CMD Sequence Coefficient Code Value
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Codec
Data Sheet 140 2001-03-07
4.5 Controlled Monitoring
A so called “controlled monitoring” can be done when the bit GCR.CME is set. This mode
can only be used together with the speakerphone mode (GCR.SP). With CME = ’1’ the
attenuation stage GHR is fixed to a value of 0 dB but the attenuation takes place in the
analog loudspeaker amplifier ALS in a way that the amplification of the ALS is set to –
9.5 dB or -21.5 d B (depends o n ATCR.CMAS setting) as soon as th e attenuatio n control
unit switches to transmit mode. Therefore in transmit direction the same behavior as in
speakerphone mode occurs but in the receive direction the handset output offers a signal
as in normal handset mode while the volume at the loudspeaker output will be reduced
to a low level during transmit mode. If the programming for the loudspeaker output
(ARCR.LSC) is already chosen for values of less or equal – 9.5 dB, no further attenuation
takes place.
In order to get a stable controlled monitoring due to the feedback of the microphone
signal to the loudspeaker via the sidetone stage it is possible to change the tap of the
sidetone signal from before to after the attenuation stage (PFCR.PGZ = ’1’).
4.6 Voice Data Manipul ation
The codec offers several possibilities of manipulating and controlling the codec data to
support a variety of applications and operating modes. All the functions and modes can
be selected by setting the register bits listed in table 20. The sign al paths and functions
are illustrated in the voice data manipula tion block o f figure 62.
Possible applications and operating modes which can be realized by the voice data
manipulation of the codec together with the time slot and data port selection of the
integrated IOM-2 Handler are e.g.:
•Three party conferencing with
- 1 device internal and 2 external subscribers or
- 2 device internal, tip-ring extension and 1 external subscriber
The addition of the subscriber information can be done completely in the terminal by
the integrated codec
•Communication between codec and other voice data processing devices on IOM-2
(e.g. ACE, Jade, SAM and ISAR)
•The data formats
PCM A-Law
PCM µ-Law
8-bit Linear and
16-bit Linear are provided.
The 8-bit formats of CH1 and CH2 in both directions can be masked by an
implemented mask register
•Monitoring a running phone call
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Data Sheet 141 2001-03-07
•Intercommunication: During a running phone call a voice announcement or a query
can be switched or added to the desired outputs (handset, loudspeaker or transmit
direction)
Table 20 Voice Data Manipulation
Register Bits Description
DSSR
Data Source
Selection Register
DSS1X, DSS2X:
Data Source
Selection CH1X,
Data Source
Selection CH2X
As data source for the transmit data channels
CH1X or CH2X respectively can be selected:
- Codec voice data XDAT
- Addition of XDAT and the receive channel
CH2R or CH1R respectively.
- Receive channel CH2R or CH1R respectively
- Idle code
The data of the receive channels can be
attenuated indiv idually by ATT1R, ATT2R to
ensure an acceptable speech quality in the
three party conferencing
DSSR:
Data Source
Selection Re ceive
As data source for the codec receive data
channel RDAT can be selected:
- Receive channel CH1R
- Receive channel CH2R
- Addition of CH1R and CH2R
- Idle code
ENX1, ENX2:
Enable Transmit
CH1, CH2
The transmit data of CH1X, CH2X can be
enabled or disabled
DFR
Data Format
Register
DF1R, DF2R:
Data Format
CH1R, CH2R
The data format
A-Law
µ-Law
8-bit linear and
16-bit linear can be selected
8LIN1, 8LIN2:
8-bit Linear CH1,
8-bit Linear CH2
An 8-bit linear code can be selected for transmit
and receive separately
MASK1R,
MASK2R
Mask Channel 1,2
Register
MASK1, MASK2:
Mask Data CH1,
CH2
The 8-bit formats of CH1 and CH2 in both
directions can be masked by an implemented
mask register
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Data Sheet 142 2001-03-07
4.7 Test Functions
The codec provides several test and diagnostic functions which can be grouped as
follows:
•All programmable configuration registers and coefficient RAM-locations are readable
•Digital loop via PCM-register (DLP)
•Digital loop via signal processor (DLS)
•Digital loop via noise shaper (DLN)
•Analog loop via analog front end (ALF)
•Analog loop via converter (ALC)
•Analog loop via noise shaper (ALN)
•Analog loop via Z-sidetone (ALZ); sidetone gain stage GZ must be enabled
(PFCR.GZ = 1) and sidetone gain must be programmed with 0 dB; depending on the
DSSR bit setting in the Data Source Selection Register (DSSR) an addition to the
incoming voice signal is executed.
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Data Sheet 143 2001-03-07
4.8 Programming of the Codec
During initialization of the codec a subset of configuration registers a nd coefficient RAM
(CRAM) locations has to be programmed to set the configuration parameters according
to the application and desired features.
The codec can be programmed via microcontroller interface (see chapter 2.1) or the
IOM-2 MONITOR channel (see chapter 2.2.4).
The coefficient RAM (CRAM) can generally be programmed in power-up as well as in
power-down mode. However, due to the general possibility of concurrent accesses of the
ARCOFI®-DSP and the microcontroller, access collisions can not totally be eliminated.
To ensure the error free programming of the CRAM, it’s recommended to delay the
access after switching from power-down to power-up ( or after switching from power-up
to power-down respectively) by a setup time of 4 IOM-2 frames plus the setup time of the
oscillator, i.e in total about 5 ms.
An ARCOFI® compatible programming sequence is available (see chapter 2.1.1.1 and
chapter 4.8.1) wh ich allows usi ng the SOP, COP and XOP command se quences of the
ARCOFI.
The codec can also be programmed by addressing the configuration registers and
coefficient RAM (C RAM) locations directly (see chapter 4.8.2).
The follo wing two chapters 4.8.1 and 4.8.2 give an overview of the access to the code c
parameters.
For more detailed information about the individual parameters refer to the corresponding
sections in the functional and register description of the codec.
4.8.1 Indirect Programming of the Codec (SOP, COP, XOP)
This programming sequence is compatible to the SOP, COP and XOP command
sequences of the ARCOFI. It gives indirect access to the codec registers 60H-6EH and
the CRAM (80H-FFH). The codec command word (cmdw) is followed by a defined
number of data bytes (data n; n = 0, 1, 4 or 8). The number of d ata bytes depends on the
codec command. The commands can be applied in any order and number. The coding
of the different SOP, COP and XOP commands is listed in the description of the
command word (CMDW) in chapter 4.8.1.1.
Structure of the ARCOFI compatible sequence:
cmdw
00Hdata1 data n cmd data1 data n
defined length defined length
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Data Sheet 144 2001-03-07
4.8.1.1 Description of the Command Word (CMDW)
Value after reset: BFH
Coding of Status Operations (SOP):
70
CMDW R/W 0 CMD5 CMD4 CMD3 CMD2 CMD1 CMD0
R/W 0: writing to configuration registers or to coefficient RAM
1: reading from configuration registers or from coefficient RAM
CMDx Address to internal programmable locations
CMD543210
0 0 X X X X code reserved
0 1 X X X X status operation (SOP)
1 0 X X X X coefficient operation (COP)
1 1 X X X X extended operation (XOP)
Bit 3 2 1 0 CMD
Name Status CMD
Seq. Len. CMD Sequence
Description
(Registers being
accessed)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
SOP_0
SOP_1
SOP_2
SOP_3
SOP_4
SOP_5
SOP_6
SOP_7
SOP_8
SOP_9
SOP_A
SOP_B
SOP_C
SOP_D
SOP_E
SOP_F
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
9
<GCR>
<PFCR>
<TGCR>
<TGSR>
<ACR>
<ATCR>
<ARCR>
<DFR>
<DSSR>
<XCR/XSR>
<MASK1R>
<MASK2R>
<TFCR>
<TMR1>
<TMR2>
<DFR>..<GCR>
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Data Sheet 145 2001-03-07
Coding of Coefficient Operations (COP)
Bit 3 2 1 0 CMD
Name Status CMD
Seq.
Len.
CMD
Sequence
Description
Comments
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
COP_0
COP_1
COP_2
COP_3
COP_4
COP_5
COP_6
COP_7
COP_8
COP_9
COP_A
COP_B
COP_C
COP_D
COP_E
COP_F
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
9
9
9
5
5
9
5
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
<F1> <F1> <G1> <GD1>
<T1> <T1> <..> <..>
<F2> <F2> <G2> <GD2>
<T2> <T2>
<GTR> <GTX>
<F3> <F3> <G3> <GD3>
<T3> <T3>
<FD> <FD>
<K><A1><A2><GE>
<TON> <TON>
<TOFF> <TOFF>
<GX> <GX>
<GR> <GR>
<ATT1R> <ATT2R>
<..> <..>
<GZ> <GZ>
<..> <..>
<FX1>..<FX8>
<FX9>..<FX12>
<FR9>..<FR12>
<FR1>..<FR8>
<SP1>..<SP8>
<SP9>..<SP16>
<SP17>..<SP24>
<SP25>..<SP32>
<AGCX1>..<AGCX8>
<AGCR1>..<AGCR8>
Tone generator 1
Tone generator 2
Additional TG gain
Tone generator 3
Dual tone frequency
Tone filter
Control generator
Transmit gai n
Receive gain
Conferencing Atten.
Sidetone gain
Correction filter FX
Correction filter FR
Coefficients for
Speakerphone
AGC transmit
AGC receive
Coding of Extended Operations (XO P)
Bit 3 2 1 0 CMD
Name Status CMD
Seq.
Len.
Comments
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
XOP_6
XOP_F
R/W
R/W
6
1
Sequence for volume control of the loudspeaker
(SEQ = <ARCR regi ster> <CRAM.LGAR>
<CRAM.ATT> <CRAM.GAE> <CRAM.COMR>)
No operation (NOP)
PSB 21391
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Codec
Data Sheet 146 2001-03-07
4.8.2 D irect Program ming of the Codec
The codec registers (60H-6FH) and the CRAM (80H-FFH) are directly accessible (see
chapter 2.1 and 4.8.2.1).
4.8.2.1 CRAM Back-Up Pr ocedure
For the direct access to individual CRAM coefficients via microcontroller a back-up
procedure is p rovided. Thi s ensures that the code c D SP a lways w orks with a consistent
and valid coefficient block during the changing of CRAM parameters. The following
section describes this back-up procedure.
Note: For the ARCOFI compatible pr ogramming sequence ( see chapter 2.1.1.1) such a
back-up procedure for the CRAM blocks is not necessary because it is done
automatically.
The control of the back-up procedure is done with the CRAM Control Register (CCR) and
the CRAM Status Register (CSR).The Control and Status bits in these registers are
explained in the following section:
CRAM Bloc k Address (CBADR)
The CRAM range ( 80 H to FFH) is subdi vi ded in 16 C RAM bl ocks with the b lo ck address
CBADR = ’0H’ to ’FH’. Each coefficient block has 8 bytes. The mapping of the CRAM
coefficients corresponds to the COP_x sequences of the ARCOFI (see table 22 and
chapter 4.8.1.1).
DSP CRAM Access (DCA)
By setting this bit it is possible to select whether the codec DSP has access to the CRAM
blocks in t he normal CR AM range (’0’) or to a temporary 8-byte CRAM block (’1’).
Start Back-up Procedure (SBP)
Setting this bit starts the transfer of a CRAM block (CBADR) to the temporary 8-byte
CRAM block.
Busy Back-up Procedure (BSYB)
This status bit indicates if a transfer of a CRAM block (CBADR) to the temporary 8-byte
CRAM block is running (’1’) or not (’0’). If the transfer is running no CRAM access via
microc ontroller inter face is allowed.
Figure 76 shows the access structure o f CRAM and tempor ary CRAM. Figure 77 gives
a signal flow of the back-up procedure of a CRAM block x (x = 0...F).
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Codec
Data Sheet 147 2001-03-07
Figure 76
CRAM Access Structure
Figure 77
Signal Flow of the Back-up Procedure
<CBADR_0>
<CBADR_1>
<CBADR_2>
<CBADR_3>
<CBADR_4>
<CBADR_5>
<CBADR_6>
<CBADR_7>
<CBADR_8>
<CBADR_9>
<CBADR_A>
<CBADR_B>
<CBADR_C>
<CBADR_D>
<CBADR_E>
<CBADR_F>
Tempo rary CRAM
DCA = ’1’
DSP
Access
µC
Access
Data Flow
DCA = ’0’
Write:
CCR.DCA = ’1’
CCR.SBP = ’1’
CCR.CBADR = ’x’’
Start back-up procedure block x
DSP access to temp. CRAM block
as soon as transfer has completed
Read CSR.BSYB
Back-up procedure busy?
Transfer no t busy
- µC access to CRAM possible
- Switching the DS P access
betwe en CRA M an d te m po r ar y
CRAM block is possible by DCA
Write CCR.DCA = ’0’
DSP access to CRAM block x
Write <Block X>
Update CRAM block x
Transf er busy
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PSB 21393
Codec
Data Sheet 148 2001-03-07
4.8.3 Reference Tables for the Register and CRAM Locations
Table 21 Configuratio n Registers
Address CMDW
WR/RD Register Bit Effect
SOP_0
60H10H/90HGCR SP
AGCX
AGCR
MGCR
CME
PU
ATT2R
ATT1R
Speakerphone ON/OFF
TX-automatic gain control (if
GCR.SP = 1)
RX-automatic gain control (if
GCR.SP = 1)
Modified gain control receive
Controlled monitoring enable
Power-up/down mode
Attenuation of the receive channel
related
to transmit channel 2
Attenuation of the receive channel
related
to transmit channel 1
SOP_1
61H11H/91HPFCR GX
GR
GZ
FX
PGZ
FR
DHPR
DHPX
TX digital gain
RX digital gain
Sidetone gain
TX-frequency correction filter
Position sidetone gain
RX-frequency correction filter
Disable high-pass (50 Hz) receive
Disable high-pass (50 Hz) transmit
SOP_2
62H12H/92HTGCR ET
DT
ETF
PT
SEQ
TM
SM
SQTR
Enable tone generator
Dual tone mode
Enable tone filter
Pulsed tone
Sequence generator
Tone mode
Stop mo de
Square/trapezoid shaped signal
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Codec
Data Sheet 149 2001-03-07
SOP_3
63H13H/93HTGSR -
TRL
-
TRR
DTMF
TRX
-
-
Reserved
Tone ringing via loudspeaker
Reserved
Tone ringing in receive direction
DTMF mode
To ne rin ging in transmit d i rect ion
Reserved
Reserved
SOP_4
64H14H/94HACR -
SEM
DHOP
DHON
DLSP
DLSN
Reserved
Single ended mode of loudspeaker
amplifier
Disable HOP (tristate)
Disable HON (tristate)
Disable LSP (tristate)
Disable LSN (tristate)
SOP_5
65H15H/95HATCR MIC(7:4)
-
CMAS
AIMX(1:0)
Microphone amplifier control
Reserved
Controlled monitoring attenuation
select
Analog input multiplexer
SOP_6
66H16H/96HARCR HOC(7:4)
LSC(3:0) Handset output amplifier control
Loudspeaker output amplifier control
SOP_7
67H17H/97HDFR DF2R(7:6)
DF2X(5:4)
DF1R(3:2)
DF1X(1:0)
Data format CH2 receive
Data format CH2 transmit
Data format CH1 receive
Data format CH1 transmit
Table 21 Configuration Registers (cont’d)
Address CMDW
WR/RD Register Bit Effect
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Codec
Data Sheet 150 2001-03-07
SOP_8
68H18H/98HDSSR DSSR(7:6)
ENX2
ENX1
DSS2X(3:2)
DSS1X(1:0)
Data source selection receive
Enable transmit CH2
Enable transmit CH2
Data source selection CH2 Transmit
Data source selection CH1 Transmit
SOP_9
69H19H/- XCR PGCR
PGCX
ERA
-
-
-
-
MAAR
Position of gain control receive
Position of gain control transmit
Enhanced reverse attenuation
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Monitoring AGC Attenuation Receive
-/99HXSR
if MAAR
= ’0’
PGCR
PGCX
ERA
-
-
-
SPST(1:0)
Read-back position of gain control
receive
Read-back position of gain control
transmit
Read-back enhanced reverse
attenuation
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Speakerphone sta te
-/99HXSR
if MAAR
= ’1’
Value of the momentary AGC
attenuation
SOP_A
6AH1AH/9AHMASK1R MASK1(7:2)
MP1(1:0) Mask register CH1
Mask Position CH1
SOP_B
6BH1BH/9BHMASK2R MASK2(7:2)
MP2(1:0) Mask register CH2
Mask Position CH2
Table 21 Configurat io n Registers (cont’d)
Address CMDW
WR/RD Register Bit Effect
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Codec
Data Sheet 151 2001-03-07
SOP_C
6CH1CH/9CHTFCR -
-
ALTF(5:3)
DLTF(2:0)
Reserved
Reserved
Analog Loops and test functions
Digital Loops and test functions
SOP_D
6DH1DH/9DHTMR1 Reserved
SOP_E
6EH1EH/9EHTMR2 Reserved
SOP_F
-1F
H/9FH<DFR>
<ARCR>
<ATCR>
<ACR>
<TGSR>
<TGCR>
<PFCR>
<GCR>
ARCOFI compatibl e sequ ence for WR /
RD of 8 bytes (Registers)
For the register below there is no command word available
6FHWR/ CCR -
-
DCA
SBP
CBADR(3:0)
Reserved
Reserved
DSP CRAM access
Start back-up procedure
CRAM block address
RD CSR -
-
DCA
BSYB
CBADR(3:0)
Reserved
Reserved
DSP CRAM access
Busy back-up procedure
CRAM block address
Table 21 Configuration Registers (cont’d)
Address CMDW
WR/RD Register Bit Effect
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Codec
Data Sheet 152 2001-03-07
Table 22 Coefficient RAM (CRAM)
Address CMDW
WR/RD Mnemonic Description
COP_0: Tone generator parameter set 1
87H
86H
85H
84H
83H
82H
81H
80H
20H/A0HF1
G1
GD1
T1
-
-
Tone generator frequency higher byte
Tone generator frequency lower byte
Tone generator amplitude
Trapezoid generator amplitude
Beat tone time higher byte
Beat tone time lower byte
Reserved
Reserved
COP_1: Tone generator parameter set 2; tone generator level adjustment
8FH
8EH
8DH
8CH
8BH
8AH
89H
88H
21H/A1HF2
G2
GD2
T2
GTR
GTX
Tone generator frequency higher byte
Tone generator frequency lower byte
Tone generator amplitude
Trapezoid generator amplitude
Beat tone time span higher byte
Beat tone time span lower byte
Level adjustment for receive path
Level adjustment for transmit path
COP_2: Tone generator parameter set 3;
Parameter set for the DTMF-generator (TGSR.DTMF = 1)
97H
96H
95H
94H
93H
92H
91H
90H
22H/A2HF3
G3
GD3
T3
FD
Tone generator frequency higher byte
Tone generator frequency lower byte
Tone generator amplitude
Trapezoid generator amplitude
Beat tone time span higher byte
Beat tone time span lower byte
Dual tone frequency higher byte
Dual tone frequency lower byte
COP_3: Tone filter
9BH
9AH
99H
98H
23H/A3HK
A1
A2
GE
Attenuation of the stop-band
Center frequency
Bandwidth
Saturation amplification
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Codec
Data Sheet 153 2001-03-07
COP_4: Control generator
A3H
A2H
A1H
A0H
24H/A4HTON
TOFF
Turn-on period of the tone generator higher byte
Turn-on period of the tone generator lower byte
Turn-off period of the tone generator higher byte
Turn-off period of the tone generator lower byte
COP_5: Receive and transmit gain
AFH
AEH
ADH
ACH
ABH
AAH
A9H
A8H
25H/A5HGX
GR
ATT1R
ATT2R
-
-
Transmit gain higher byte
Transmit gain lower byte
Receive gain higher byte
Receive gain lower byte
Conferencing attenuation CH1R
Conferencing attenuation CH2R
Reserved
Reserved
COP_6:Sid etone gain
B3H
B2H
B1H
B0H
26H/A6HGZ
-
-
Sidetone gain higher byte
Sidetone gain lower byte
Reserved
Reserved
COP_7:Transmit correction filter part 5 to part 12
BFH
BEH
BDH
BCH
BBH
BAH
B9H
B8H
27H/A7HFX Transmit correction filter coefficients part 1
Transmit correction filter coefficients part 2
Transmit correction filter coefficients part 3
Transmit correction filter coefficients part 4
Transmit correction filter coefficients part 5
Transmit correction filter coefficients part 6
Transmit correction filter coefficients part 7
Transmit correction filter coefficients part 8
Table 22 Coefficient RAM (CRAM) (cont’d)
Address CMDW
WR/RD Mnemonic Description
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Codec
Data Sheet 154 2001-03-07
COP_8:Transmit correction filter part 1 to part 4 and receive correction filter part 9 to
part 12
C7H
C6H
C5H
C4H
C3H
C2H
C1H
C0H
28H/A8HFX
FR
Transmit correction filter coefficients part 9
Transmit correction filter coefficients part 10
Transmit correction filter coefficients part 11
Transmit correction filter coefficients part 12
Receive correction filter coefficients part 9
Receive correction filter coefficients part 10
Receive correction filter coefficients part 11
Receive correction filter coefficients part 12
COP_9:Receive correction filter part 1 to part 8
CFH
CEH
CDH
CCH
CBH
CAH
C9H
C8H
29H/A9HFR Receive correction filter coefficients 1
Receive correction filter coefficients 2
Receive correction filter coefficients 3
Receive correction filter coefficients 4
Receive correction filter coefficients 5
Receive correction filter coefficients 6
Receive correction filter coefficients 7
Receive correction filter coefficients 8
COP_A:Parameter set for transmit and receive speech comparator
Parameter set for speakerphone control unit
D7H
D6H
D5H
D4H
D3H
D2H
D1H
D0H
2AH/AAHGAE
GLE
ATT
ETAE
ETLE
TW
DS
SW
Gain of acoustic echo
Gain of line echo
Attenuation programmed in GHR or GHX
Echo time (acoustic side)
Echo time (line side)
Wait time
Decay speed
Switching time
Table 22 Coefficient RAM (CRAM) (cont’d)
Address CMDW
WR/RD Mnemonic Description
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Codec
Data Sheet 155 2001-03-07
COP_B:Parameter set for transmit and receive speech comparator
DFH
DEH
DDH
DCH
DBH
DAH
D9H
D8H
2BH/ABHGDSAE
PDSAE
GDNAE
PDNAE
GDSLE
PDSLE
GDNLE
PDNLE
Reserve when speech is detected (acoustic side)
Peak decrement when speech is detected (acoustic
side)
Reserve when noise is detected (acoustic side)
Peak decrement when noise is detected (acoustic
side)
Reserve when speech is detected (line side)
Peak decrement when speech is detected (line
side)
Reserve when noise is detected (line side)
Peak decrement when noise is detected (line side)
COP_C:Parameter set for transmit and receive speech detector
E7H
E6H
E5H
E4H
E3H
E2H
E1H
E0H
2CH/ACHLIM
OFFX
OFFR
LP2LX
LP2LR
LP1X
LP1R
-
Starting level of the logarithmic amplifiers
Level offset up to detected noise (transmit)
Level offset up to detected noise (receive)
Limitation for LP2 (transmit)
Limitation for LP2 (receive)
Time constant LP1 (transmit)
Time constant LP1 (receive)
Reserved
COP_D:Parameter set for receive and transmit speech detector
EFH
EEH
EDH
ECH
EBH
EAH
E9H
E8H
2DH/ADHPDSX
PDNX
LP2SX
LP2NX
PDSR
PDNR
LP2SR
LP2NR
Time constant PD fo r signal (transmit)
Time constant PD for noise (transmit)
Time constant LP2 for signal (transmit)
Time constant LP2 for noise (transmit)
Time constant PD for signal (receive)
Time constant PD for noise (receive)
Time constant LP2 for signal (receive)
Time constant LP2 for noise (receive)
Table 22 Coefficient RAM (CRAM) (cont’d)
Address CMDW
WR/RD Mnemonic Description
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Codec
Data Sheet 156 2001-03-07
COP_E:Parameter set for transmit AGC
F7H
F6H
F5H
F4H
F3H
F2H
F1H
F0H
2EH/AEHLGAX
COMX
AAX
AGX
TMHX
TMLX
NOISX
AGIX
Loudness gain adjustment
Compare level rel. to max. PCM-value
Attenuation range of automatic control
Gain range of automatic control
Settling time constant for higher levels
Settling time constant for lower levels
Threshold for AGC-reduction by background noise
Initial AGC gai n transmit
COP_F:Parameter set for receive AGC
FFH
FEH
FDH
FCH
FBH
FAH
F9H
F8H
2FH/AFHLGAR
COMR
AAR
AGR
TMHR
TMLR
NOISR
AGIR
Loudness gain adjustment
Compare level rel. to max. PCM-value
Attenuation range of automatic control
Gain range of automatic control
Settling time constant for higher lower levels
Settling time constant for lower levels
Threshold for AGC-reduction by background noise
Initial AGC attenuation/gain receive
Table 22 Coefficient RAM (CRAM) (cont’d)
Address CMDW
WR/RD Mnemonic Description
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PSB 21393
Clock Generation
Data Sheet 157 2001-03-07
5 Clock Generation
Figure 78 shows the clock system of the SCOUT. The oscillator is used to generate a
15.36 MHz clock signal. The DPLL gen erates the IOM-2 clocks FSC (8 kHz), DCL ( 1536
kHz) and BCL (768 kHz) synchronous to the received UPN frames (see figure 79).
The prescaler for the microcontroller clock output (MCLK) divides the 15.36 MHz clock
by 1, 2 and 8 corresponding to the MCLK control bits in the MODE1 register. Additionally
it is possible to disable the MCLK output by setting the MCLK bits to ’11’. With the CDS
bit (Clock Divider Selection) in the MODE1 register a double clock rate for the MCLK
output can be selected.
.
Figure 78
Clock System of the SCOUT
clock_gen_p.vsd
DPLL
3
CPLL
FSC
DCL
BCL
Codec
Clock
XTAL
15.36 MHz OSC
125 µs < t < 250 µs
125 µs < t < 250 µs
t = 125 µs
t = 64 ms
15.36 MHz
MCLK Prescaler
'00': 2
'01': 8
'10': 1
'11': MCLK disabled
MCLK
MODE1.MCLK
xMODE1.CDS = '0': x = 2
'1': x = 1
Reset Generation
C/I change
EAW
Watchdog
Undervoltage Detection
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Clock Generation
Data Sheet 158 2001-03-07
5.1 Jitter
5.1.1 Jitter on IOM-2
The receive PLL readjusts, if the integrator function is enabled (TR_CONF1.RPLL_INTD
= ’0’) if six consecutive pulses on the UPN interface deviate in the same direction. If the
integrator function is disabled by setting TR_CONF1.RPLL_INTD to ’1’ thi s is done after
the deviation of every pulse. Adjusting on the positive and negative pulses is done by
adding/subtracting 1 XTAL from/to the DCL clock.
5.1.2 Jit ter on UPN
The UPN transmit clock is derived from the UPN receive clock.
5.1.3 Jit ter on MCLK
Jitter on the MCLK output is directly related to the crystal tolerance. Only clock dividers
are involved.
Figure 79 Clock waveforms
BCL
DCL
FSC
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Reset
Data Sheet 159 2001-03-07
6 Reset
The SCOUT can be reset compl etely by a hardw are reset (pin RST ) or by the in tegrated
undervoltage detection circuit. Additiona lly each functional block can be reset separately
via register SRES.
If enabled an exchange awake, subscriber awake, watchdog timeout or undervoltage
detection can gener ate a reset on pin RSTO/SDS2. A hard ware reset always generate s
a reset on pin RSTO/SDS2 (see figure 80).
Figure 80
Reset Generation. The above mentioned reset pulse widths are controlled by the
clock pin FSC
125 µs < t < 250 µs
EAW
(Subscriber Awake)
C/I Co de Change
(Exchange Awake)
Watchdog
125 µs < t < 250 µs
t = 125 µs
RSS1=’1’
'1'
HDLC: (00
H
-2F
H
)
TR: (30
H
-3B
H
)
IOM: (40
H
-5B
H
)
MON: (5C
H
-5F
H
)
CO: (60
H
-6F
H
)
CPLL: -
Reset Functional Block
Block Register
Sof tware Reset
(Register SRES)
Reset M ODE1 Register
Internal Reset of all Registers
RSS2=’0’
V
DDDET
Pin
Undervoltage Detection/
Power On Reset '0'
Res_Gen_p.vsd
RST Pin
SDS1 Pin
SDSx SDS2
SDSx_CR Regi ste r
t = 64 ms
RSS(2:1) = ’01’
RSTO/
SDS2 Pin
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PSB 21393
Reset
Data Sheet 160 2001-03-07
6.1 Reset Source Selection
The internal reset sources C/I code change, EAW and Watchdog can be output at the
low active reset pin R STO/SDS2. The selectio n of these reset sour ces can be done with
the RSS2,1 bits in the MODE1 register according table 23.
If RSS2,1 = ’01’ the RSTO/SDS2 pin has SDS2 functionality and a serial data strobe
signal (see chapt er 2.2.3) is outp ut at the RSTO/SDS2 pi n. In this case only a hard ware
reset or a reset generated by the undervoltage detection is output at RSTO/SDS2. The
internal reset sources set the MODE1 register to its default value.
•C/I Code Change (Exchange Awake) A change in the downstream C/I channel (C/
I0) generates a reset pulse of 125µs ≤t ≤ 250µs.
•EAW (Subscriber Awake)
A low pulse of at least 65 ns pulse width on the EAW input starts the oscillator from
the power down state and generates a reset pulse of 125 µs ≤ t ≤ 250 µs.
•Watchdog Timer
After the selection of the watchdog timer (RSS = ’11’) an internal timer is reset and
started. During every time period of 128 ms the microcontroller has to program the
WTC1- and WTC2 bits in the following sequence to reset and restart the watchdog
timer:
If not, the timer expires and a WOV-interrupt (ISTA Register) together with a reset
pulse of 125 µs is generated.
If the watchdog timer is enabled (RSS = ’11’) the RSS bits can only be changed by a
hardware reset.
Table 23
Reset Source Selection
RSS2
Bit 1 RSS1
Bit 0 C/I Code
Change EAW Watchdog
Timer SDS2
Functionality
0 0 -- -- -- --
0 1 -- -- -- x
10 xx-- --
11 -- -- x--
WTC1 WTC2
1.
2. 1
00
1
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Reset
Data Sheet 161 2001-03-07
6.2 Undervoltage Detection (VDDDET)
The integrated undervoltage detection circuit can be enabled or disabled by pinstrapping
the VDDDET pin to’VSS’ or ’VDD’ respectivel y . It moni tor s the vol tage level o f the sup pl y
voltage (5V or 3.3 V) and sets RSTO to ’low’ if the supply voltage falls below the
detection level VDET. When the supply voltage returns to a higher voltage than the
detection level plus hysteresis (V DET+VHYS) the reset is rele ased if the deactivation time
tDEACT expi re s ( 6 4 ms ) . Th e sp e ci fi e d de t ec tio n l ev el V DET and the hysteresis VHYS for
VDD = 3.3V (Pin VDDSEL = ’VSS’) or VDD = 5V (Pin VDDSEL = ’VDD’) respectiv ely are
listed in table 24.
.
Above the minimum operating voltage of the undervoltage detection (1.5V) the reset
output RSTO is in a defined state and acts as a power-on reset for the system.
If the supply voltage falls below VDET the microcontro ller clo ck MCLK is stopped (MCLK
= ’low’) and all registers are reset by the internal reset. The MCLK is stopped
immediately which may result in a shorter high period of the clock signal.
If the supply voltage exceeds VDET+VHYS the internal re set is released and the MC LK is
output with its default frequency. The external reset pulse is extended by 64 ms due to
the oscillator start until a stable clock is achieved.
The maximum delay for the activation of the undervoltage detection tACT is 10 µs. The
maximum rising/falling edge of the supply voltage for activation/deactivation of the
undervoltage detection is 0.1V/µs.
Figure 81 shows the undervoltage control timing.
Table 24
Levels of the Undervoltage Detection
Parameter Limit Values
VDD=3.3V±5% Limit Values
VDD=5V±5%
min. max. min. max.
VDET 2.7V 2.9V 4.2V 4.5V
Hysteresis VHYS VDD/40 VDD/30 VDD/40 VDD/30
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Reset
Data Sheet 162 2001-03-07
Figure 81
Undervo l tage Control Timing
6.3 External Reset Input
At the active low RST input pin an external reset can be applied forcing the device into
the reset state. This external reset signal is additionally fed to the RSTO/SDS2 output.
The length of the reset signal is specified in chapter 8.1.8.
After a reset of the undervoltage detection or an external reset (RST) all internal registers
are set to their reset values (see register description in chapter 7).
6.4 Sof tware Reset Re gister (SRES)
Every internal functional block can be reset separately by setting the corresponding bit
in the SRES register (see chapter 7.1.1 3). The reset state is activated as long as the bit
is set to ’1’. The address range of the registers which will be reset at each SRES bit is
listed in figure 80.
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Reset
Data Sheet 163 2001-03-07
6.5 Pin Behavior during Reset
During each reset the reference voltage (VREF) stays applied, the oscillator and data
clocks (DCL) keep r unning.
During a reset caused by the undervoltage detection the microcontroller clock
(pin MCLK) is stopped. In all other cases the microcontroller clock is running.
During any reset that has an influence on the IOM handler (see figure 80) the pi n FSC
is set to ’1’, the pin SDS1 is set to ’0’ and pin BCL, DD and DU are in the high-impedance
state.
During any reset that has an influe nce on the codec (see figure 80) the pins LSP, LSN,
HOP and HON are in the high-impedance state.
During any reset that has an influence on the transceiver (see figure 80) the pins LIa
and LIb are in the high-impedance state.
During hardware reset or a reset caused by the undervoltage detection the pins SDX and
INT are in the high-impedance state.
A hardware reset and a reset caused by the undervoltage detection is always output at
pin RSTO/SDS2. This reset will be released by the falling edge of BCL following the
release of the pin RST (if the undervoltage detection is disabled) or after 64 ms (if the
undervoltage detection is enabled).
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Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 164 2001-03-07
7 Detailed Register Description
The register mapping is shown in Figure 82.
Figure 82
Register Mapping
The register address range from 00-1FH is assigned to the two FIFOs having an identical
address range. The address range 20-2FH pertains to the HDLC controller and the CI
handler. The register set ranging from 30-3FH pertains to the transceiver, interrupt and
general configuration registers. The address range from 40-59H is assigned to the IOM
handler with the registers for timeslot and data port selection (TSDP) and the control
registers (CR) for the codec data (CO), transceiver data (TR), Monitor data (MON),
HDLC/CI data (HCI) and controller access data (CDA), serial data strobe signal (SDS),
IOM interface (IOM) and synchronous transfer interrupt (STI). The address range from
5C-5FH pertains to the MONITOR handler. The codec configuration registers and the
codec coefficient RAM (CRAM) are assigned to the address range 60-6FH or 80-FFH
respectively.
The register su mma ri es are shown i n the f ollow i ng tables contai ni ng th e abbr evi ation of
the register name and the register bits, the register address, the reset values and the
register type (Read/Write). A detailed register description follows these register
summaries. The register summaries and the description are sorted in ascending order
of the register address.
Codec Coefficient RAM
Reserved
Codec Configuration
IOM Handler (CDA, TSDP,
Transc., Interrupt, Mode Reg.
HDLC Control, CI Reg.
HDLC RFIFO/XFIFO
00H
20H
30H
40H
60H
70H
80H
FFH
CR, STI), MONITOR Regis t er
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Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 165 2001-03-07
HDLC Control Registers, CI Handler
Name 76543210ADDRR/WRES
RFIFO D-Channel Receive FIFO 00H-1FHR
XFIFO D-Channel Transmit FIFO 00H-1FHW
ISTAH RME RPF RFO XPR XMR XDU 0 0 20HR10
H
MASKH RME RPF RFO XPR XMR XDU 0 0 20HWFC
H
STAR XDOV XFW 0 0 RACI 0 XACI 0 21HR40
H
CMDR RMC RRES 0 STI XTF 0 XME XRES 21HW00
H
MODEH MDS2 MDS1 MDS0 0 RAC DIM2 DIM1 DIM0 22HR/WC0H
EXMR XFBS RFBS SRA XCRC RCRC 0 ITF 23HR/W 00H
TIMR CNT VALUE 24HR/W 00H
SAP1 SAPI1 0 MHA 25HWFC
H
SAP2 SAPI2 0 MLA 26HWFC
H
RBCL RBC7 RBC0 26HR00
H
RBCH 0 0 0 OV RBC11 RBC8 27HR00
H
TEI1 TEI1 EA 27HWFF
H
TEI2 TEI2 EA 28HWFF
H
RSTA VFR RDO CRC RAB SA1 SA0 C/R TA 28HR0E
H
TMH 0000000TLP29
HR/W 00H
Reserved 2AH-
2DH
CIR0 CODR0 CIC0 CIC1 S/G BAS 2EHRF3
H
CIX0 CODX0 TBA2 TBA1 TBA0 BAC 2EHWFE
H
CIR1 CODR1 0 0 2FHRFC
H
CIX1 CODX1 CICW CI1E 2FHWFE
H
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 166 2001-03-07
Transceiver, Interrupt, General Configuration Registers
NAME76543210ADDRR/WRES
TR_
CONF0 DIS_
TR 0 0 TCM L1SW 0 0 LDD 30HR/W 00H
TR_
CONF1 RPLL_
INTD 1EN_
SFSC 0001031
HR/W 62H
TR_
CONF2 DIS_
TX 00TRS000032
HR/W 00H
TR_STA RINF 0 RDS RLP FSYN FCV MSYN 33HR00
H
TR_CMD XINF 0 0 PD LP_A 0 34HR/W 00H
Reserved 35HR/W
Reserved 36H-
37H
ISTATR0xxxLDRIC0038
HR00
H
MASKTR 0 1 1 1 LD RIC 1 1 39HR/W 7FH
Reserved 3AH-
3BH
ISTA 0 ST CIC TIN WOV TRAN MOS HDLC 3CHR01
H
MASK 0 ST CIC TIN WOV TRAN MOS HDLC 3CHW7F
H
MODE1 MCLK CDS WTC1 WTC2 CFS RSS2 RSS1 3DHR/W 00H
MODE2 0 0 0 0 0 DREF 0 PPSDX 3EHR/W 00H
ID 0 0 DESIGN 3FHR0x
H
SRES 0 0 RES_
CPLL RES_
MON RES_
HDLC RES_
IOM RES_
TR RES_
CO 3FHW00
H
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 167 2001-03-07
IOM Handler (Timeslot , Data Port Selection,
CDA Data and CDA Control Register)
Name 76543210ADDRR/WRES
CDA10 Controller Data Access Register (CH10) 40HR/WFFH
CDA11 Controller Data Access Register (CH11) 41HR/WFFH
CDA20 Controller Data Access Register (CH20) 42HR/WFFH
CDA21 Controller Data Access Register (CH21) 43HR/WFFH
CDA_
TSDP10 DPS 0 0 0 TSS 44HR/W 00H
CDA_
TSDP11 DPS 0 0 0 TSS 45HR/W 01H
CDA_
TSDP20 DPS 0 0 0 TSS 46HR/W 80H
CDA_
TSDP21 DPS 0 0 0 TSS 47HR/W 81H
CO_
TSDP10 DPS 0 0 0 TSS 48HR/W 80H
CO_
TSDP11 DPS 0 0 0 TSS 49HR/W 81H
CO_
TSDP20 DPS 0 0 0 TSS 4AHR/W 81H
CO_
TSDP21 DPS 0 0 0 TSS 4BHR/W 85H
TR_
TSDP_B1 DPS 0 0 0 TSS 4CHR/W 00H
TR_
TSDP_B2 DPS 0 0 0 TSS 4DHR/W 01H
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 168 2001-03-07
Name 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ADDR R/WRES
CDA1_
CR 00EN_
TBM EN_I1 EN_I0 EN_O1EN_O0SWAP 4EHR/W 00H
CDA2_
CR 00EN_
TBM EN_I1 EN_I0 EN_O1EN_O0SWAP 4FHR/W 00H
IOM Handler (Cont rol Registers, Synchronous Transfer
Interrupt Control), MONITOR Handler
Name76543210ADDRR/WRES
CO_CR 0 0 0 0 EN21 EN20 EN11 EN10 50HR/W 00H
TR_CR 0 0 EN_
DEN_
B2R EN_
B1R EN_
B2X EN_
B1X 051
HR/W3EH
HCI_CR DPS_
CI1 EN_
CI1 EN_
DEN_
B2H EN_
B1H 00052
HR/WA0H
MON_CR DPS EN_
MON 0000 MCS 53
HR/W 40H
SDS1_CR ENS_
TSS ENS_
TSS+1 ENS_
TSS+3 0TSS54
HR/W 00H
SDS2_CR ENS_
TSS ENS_
TSS+1 ENS_
TSS+3 0TSS55
HR/W 00H
IOM_CR SPU 0 0 TIC_
DIS EN_
BCL CLKM DIS_
OD DIS_
IOM 56HR/W 00H
MCDA MCDA21 MCDA20 MCDA11 MCDA10 57HRFF
H
STI STOV
21 STOV
20 STOV
11 STOV
10 STI
21 STI
20 STI
11 STI
10 58HR00
H
ASTI 0000ACK
21 ACK
20 ACK
11 ACK
10 58HW00
H
MSTI STOV
21 STOV
20 STOV
11 STOV
10 STI
21 STI
20 STI
11 STI
10 59HR/WFFH
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 169 2001-03-07
Name76543210ADDRR/WRES
SDS_
CONF 000000SDS2_
BCL SDS1_
BCL 5AHR/W 00H
Reserved 5BH
MOR MONITOR Receive Data 5CHRFF
H
MOX MONITOR Transmit Data 5CHWFF
H
MOSR MDR MER MDA MAB 0 0 0 0 5DHR00
H
MOCR MRE MRC MIE MXC 0 0 0 0 5EHR/W 00H
MSTA 00000MAC0TOUT5F
HR00
H
MCONF0000000TOUT5F
HW00
H
Codec Configuration Register
Name 76543210ADDRR/WRES
GCR SP AGCX AGCR MGCR CME PU ATT2RATT1R 60HR/W 00H
PFCR GX GR GZ FX PGZ FR DHPR DHPX 61HR/W 00H
TGCR ET DT ETF PT SEQ TM SM SQTR 62HR/W 00H
TGSR 0 TRL 0 TRR DTMF TRX 0 0 63HR/W 00H
ACR 0 0 0 SEM DHOP DHON DLSP DLSN 64HR/W 00H
ATCR MIC 0 CMAS AIMX 65HR/W 00H
ARCR HOC LSC 66HR/W 00H
DFR DF2R DF2X DF1R DF1X 67HR/W 00H
DSSR DSSR ENX2 ENX1 DSS2X DSS1X 68HR/W 00H
XCR PGCR PGCX ERA 0 0 0 0 MAAR 69HW00
H
XSR PGCR PGCX ERA 0 0 0 SPST 69HR00
H
Momentary AGC Attenuation (if XCR.MAAR = ’1’)69
HR00
H
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 170 2001-03-07
After an ISTAH .RME interrupt, the num ber of received bytes can be obtained by re ading
the RBCL register.
7.0.1 XFIFO - Transmit FIFO
A write access to any address within the range 00-1FH gives access to the “current” FIFO
location selected by an internal pointer which is automatically incremented after each
write access. This allows the use of efficient “move string” type commands by the
microcontroller.
Depending on EXMR.XFBS up to 16 or 32 bytes of transmit data can be written to the
XFIFO following an ISTAH.XPR interrupt.
MASK1R MASK1 MP1 6AHR/W 00H
MASK2R MASK2 MP2 6BHR/W 00H
TFCR 0 0 ALTF DLTF 6CHR/W 00H
Reserved 6DH
Reserved 6EH
CCR 0 0 DCA SBP CBADR 6FHW00
H
CSR 0 0 DCA BSYB CBADR 6FHR00
H
Name 76543210ADDRR/WRES
Reserved 70H-
7EH
NOP 111111117F
HRFF
H
70
XFIFO Transmit data WR (00H-1FH)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 171 2001-03-07
7.0.2 ISTAH - Interrupt Status Register HDLC
Value after reset: 10H
RME ... Receive Message End
One complete frame of length less than or equal to the defined block size (EXMR.RFBS)
or the last part of a frame of length greater than the defined block size has been received.
The contents are available in the RFIFO. The message length and additio nal information
may be obtained from RBCH and RBCL and the RSTA register.
RPF ... Receive Pool Full
A data block of a frame longer than the defined block size (EXMR.RFBS) has been
received and is available in the RFIFO. The frame is not yet complete.
RFO ... Receive Frame Overflow
The received data of a frame could not be stored, because the RFIFO is occupied. The
whole message is lost.
This interrupt can be used for statistical purposes and indicates that the microcontroller
does not respond quickly enough to an RPF or RME interrupt (ISTAH).
XPR ... Transmit Pool Ready
A data block of up to the defined block size (EXMR.XFBS) can be written to the XFIFO.
An XPR interrupt will be generated in the following cases:
•after an XTF or XME command as soon as the 16 or 32 respectively bytes in the
XFIFO are available and the frame is not yet complete
•after an XTF together with an XME command is issued, when the whole frame has
been transmitted
XMR ... Transmit Message Repeat
The transmission of the last frame has to be repeated because a collision has been
detected after the 16th/32th data byte of a transmit frame.
XDU ... Transmit Data Underrun
The current transmission of a frame is aborted by transmitting seven ’1’s because the
XFIFO holds no further data. This interrupt occurs whenever the microcontroller has
failed to respond to an XPR interrupt (ISTAH register) quickly enough, after having
initiated a transmission and the message to be transmitted is not yet complete.
70
ISTAH RME RPF RFO XPR XMR XDU 0 0 RD (20H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 172 2001-03-07
7.0.3 MASKH - Mask Register HDLC
Value after reset: FCH
Each interrupt source in the ISTAH register can be selectively masked by setting to ’1’
the corresponding bit in MASK. Masked interrupt status bits are not indicated when
ISTAH is read. Instead, they remain internally stored and pending, until the mask bit is
reset to ’0’.
7.0.4 STAR - Status Register
Value after reset: 40H
XDOV ... Transmit Data Overflow
More than 16/32 bytes have been written in one pool of the XFIFO, i.e. data has been
overwritten.
XFW ... Transmit FIFO Write Enable
Data can be written in the XFIFO. This bit may be polled instead of (or in addition to)
using the XPR interrupt.
RACI ... Receiver Active Indication
The HDLC receiver is active when RACI = ’1’. This bi t may be poll ed. The RAC I bit is set
active after a begin flag has been received and is reset after receiving an abort
sequence.
XACI ... Transmitter Active Indication
The HDLC- tr ansmi tter i s active w hen XA CI = ’1’. This bit may be polled. The XACI-b it is
active when an XTF-command is issued and the frame has not been completely
transmitted.
70
MASKH RME RPF RFO XPR XMR XDU 0 0 WR (20H)
70
STAR XDOV XFW 0 0 RACI 0 XACI 0 RD (21H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 173 2001-03-07
7.0.5 CMDR - Command Register
Value after reset: 00H
RMC ... Receive Message Complete
Reaction to RPF (Receive Pool Full) or RME (Receive Message End) interrupt. By
setting this bit, the microcontroller confirms that it has fetched the data, and indicates that
the corresponding space in the RFIFO may be released.
RRES ... Receiver Reset
HDLC receiver is reset, the RFIFO is cleared of any data.
STI ... Start Timer
The hardware timer is started when STI is set to one. The timer may be stopped by a
write to the TIMR register.
XTF ... Transmit Transparent Frame
After having written up to 16 or 32 bytes (EXMR.XFBS) in the XFIFO, the microcontroller
initiates the transmission of a transparent frame by setting this bit to ’1’. Except in the
extended transparent mode the opening flag is automatically added to the message.
XME ... Transmit Message End
By setting this bit to ’1’ the microcontr oller indicates that th e data block written la st in the
XFIFO completes the corresponding frame. Except in the extended transparent mode
the transmission is terminated by appending the CRC and the closing flag sequence to
the data.
XRES ... Transmitter R eset
HDLC transmitter is reset and the XFIFO is cleared of any data. This command can be
used by the microcontroller to abort a frame currently in transmission.
Note: After an XPR interrupt further data has to be written to the XFIFO and the
appropriate Transmit Command (XTF) has to be written to the CMDR register
again to continue transmission, when the current frame is not yet complete (see
also XPR in ISTAH).
During frame transmission, the 0-bit insertion according to the HDLC bit-stuffing
mechanism is done automatically except in the extended mode.
70
CMDR RMC RRES 0 STI XTF 0 XME XRES WR (21H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 174 2001-03-07
7.0.6 MODEH - Mode Register
Value after reset: C0H
MDS2-0 ... Mode Select
Determines the message transfer mode of the HDLC controller, as follows:
Note: SAP1, SAP2: two programmable address values for the first received address
byte (in the case of an address field longer than 1 byte);
SAPG = fixed value FC / FEH.
TEI1, TEI2: two programmable address values for the second (or the only, in the
case of a one-byte address) received address byte; TEIG = fixed value FFH
Two different methods of the high byte and/or low byte address comparision can
be selected by setting SAP1.MHA and/or SAP2.MLA (see also description of
these bi ts in chapter 7.0.9 or 7.0.11 respectively)
70
MODEH MDS2 MDS1 MDS0 0 RAC DIM2 DIM1 DIM0 RD/WR (22 H)
MDS2-0 Mode Number of
Address
Bytes
Address Comparison Remark
1.Byte 2.Byte
0 0 0 Reserved
0 0 1 Reserved
0 1 0 Non-Auto
mode 1TEI1,TEI2–One -by te add ress
compare.
0 1 1 Non-Auto
mode 2 SAP1,SAP2,SAPG TEI1,TEI2,TEIG Two-byte add ress
compare.
1 0 0 Extended
transparent
mode
1 1 0 Transparent
mode 0 –– – No address
compare. All
frames accepted.
1 1 1 Transparent
mode 1 > 1 SAP1,SAP2,SAPG –High-byte address
compare.
1 0 1 Transparent
mode 2 > 1 –TEI1,TEI2,TEIG Low-byte address
compare.
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 175 2001-03-07
RAC ... Receiver Active
The HDLC receiver is activated when this bit is set to ’1’. If it is ’0’ the HDLC data is not
evaluated in the receiver.
DIM2-0 ... Digital Interface Modes
These bits define the characteristics of the IOM Data Ports (DU, DD). The DIM0 bit
enables/disables the collission detection. The DIM1 bit enables/disables the TIC bus
access. The effect of the individual DIM bits is summarized in table 25.
7.0.7 EXMR- Extended Mode Register
Value after reset: 00H
XFBS … Transmit FIFO B lock Size
0: Block size for the transmit FIFO data is 32 byte
1: Block size for the transmit FIFO data is 16 byte
Note: A change of XFBS will take effect after a transmitter command (CMDR.XME,
CMDR.XRES, CMDR.XTF) has been written
RFBS … Receive FIFO Block Size
Table 25
IOM®-2 Terminal Mo des
DIM2 DIM1 DIM0 Characteristics
0x0
Transpa rent D-channel, the collis sion detection is disabled
0x1
Stop/go bit evaluated for D-channel access handling
00x
Last octet of IOM channel 2 used for TIC bus access
01x
TIC bus access is disabled
1xx
Reserved
70
EXMR XFBS RFBS SRA XCRC RCRC 0 ITF RD/WR (23H)
RFBS
Bit6 RFBS
Bit5 Block Size
Receive FIFO
0 0 32 byte
0 1 16 byte
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 176 2001-03-07
Note: A change of RFBS will take effect after a receiver command (CMDR.RMC,
CMDR.RRES,) has been written
SRA … Store Receive Address
0: Receive Address is not stored in the RFIFO
1: Receive Address is stored in the RFIFO
XCRC … Transmit CRC
0: CRC is transmitted
1: CRC is not transmitted
RCRC … Receive CRC
0: CRC is not stored in the RFIFO
1: CRC is stored in the RFIFO
ITF … Interframe Time Fill
Selects the inter-frame time fill signal which is tran smitted between HDLC-frames.
0: Idle (continuous ’1’)
1: Flags (sequence of patterns: ‘0111 1110’)
Note: ITF must be set to ’0’ for power down mode.
In applications with D-channel access handling (collision resolution), the only
possible inter-frame time fill is idle (continuous ’1’). Otherwise the D-channel on
the line interface can not be accessed
7.0.8 TIMR - Timer Register
Value after reset: 00H
1 0 8 byte
1 1 4 byte
754 0
TIMR CNT VALUE RD/WR (24H)
RFBS
Bit6 RFBS
Bit5 Block Size
Receive FIFO
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 177 2001-03-07
CNT ...
CNT together with VALUE determine the time period T2 after which a TIN interrupt will
be generated in the normal case:
T = CNT x 2.048 sec + T1 with T1 = ( VALUE+1 ) x 0.064 sec
The timer can be sta rted by setting the STI-bi t in CMDR and will b e stopped when a TIN
interrupt is generated or the TIMR register is written.
Note: If CNT is set to 7, a TIN interrupt is i ndefini tel y gen era ted a fter ever y expi ra tio n of
T1.
VALUE ... Determines the time period T1
T1 = ( VALUE + 1 ) x 0.064 sec
7.0.9 SAP1 - SAPI1 Register
Value after reset: FCH
SAPI1 ... SAPI1 value
Value of the fir s t progr amm able Se rvice Access Point Ide ntifie r (SAPI) accor ding to the
ISDN LAPD protocol.
MHA ... Mask High Address
0: The SAPI address of an incoming frame is compared with SAP1, SAP2, SAPG
1: The SAPI address of an incoming frame is compared with SAP1 and SAPG.
SAP1 can be masked with SAP2 thereby bit positions of SAP1 are not compared
if they are set to ’1’ in SAP2.
70
SAP1 SAPI1 0 MHA WR (25H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 178 2001-03-07
7.0.10 RBCL - Receive Frame Byte Count Low
Value after reset: 00H
RBC7-0 ... Receive Byte Count
Eight least significant bits of the total number of bytes in a received message.
7.0.11 SAP2 - SAPI2 Register
Value after reset: FCH
SAPI2 ... SAPI2 value
Value of the second programmable Service Access Point Identifier (SAPI) according to
the ISDN LAPD-protocol.
MLA ... Mask Low Address
0: The TEI address of an incoming frame is compared with TEI1, TEI2, TEIG
1: The TEI address of an incoming frame is compared with TEI1 and TEIG.
TEI1 can be masked with TEI2 thereby bit positions of TEI1 are not compared
if they are set to ’1’ in TEI2
70
RBCL RBC7 RBC0 RD (26H)
70
SAP2 SAPI2 0 MLA WR (26H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 179 2001-03-07
7.0.12 RBCH - Receive Frame Byte Count High
Value after reset: 00H.
OV ... Overflow
A ’1’ in this bit position indicates a message longer than (212 - 1) = 4095 bytes .
RBC11-8 ... Receive Byte Count
Four most significant bits of the total number of bytes in a received message.
Note: Normally RBCH and RBCL should be read by the microcontroller after an RME-
interrupt in order to determine the number of bytes to be read from the RFIFO, and
the total message length. The contents of the registers are valid only after an RME
or RPF interrupt, and remain so until the frame is acknowledged via the RMC bit
or RRES.
7.0.13 TEI1 - TEI1 Register 1
Value after reset: FFH
TEI1 ... Terminal Endpoint Identifier
In all message transfer modes except in transparent modes 0, 1 and extended
transparent mode, TEI1 is used for address recognition. In the case of a two-byte
address field, it contains the value of the first programmable Terminal Endpoint Identifier
according to the ISDN LAPD-protocol.
In non-auto- modes wi th one-byte ad dre ss field, TEI 1 is a command addr ess, according
to X.25 LAPB.
EA ... Address field Extension bit
This bit is set to ’1’ according to HDLC/LAPD.
70
RBCH 0 0 0 OV RBC11 RBC8 RD (27H)
70
TEI1 TEI1 EA WR (27H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 180 2001-03-07
7.0.14 RSTA - Receive Status Register
Value after reset: 0EH
VFR ... Valid Frame
Determines whether a valid frame has been received.
The frame is valid (1) or invalid (0).
A frame i s invalid w hen there i s not a multiple of 8 bits betwe en flag and fr ame end (flag,
abort).
RDO ... Receive Data Overflow
If RDO=1, at least one byte of the frame has been l ost, because it coul d not be stored i n
RFIFO.
CRC ... CRC Check
The CRC is correct (1) or incorrect (0).
RAB ... Receive Message Aborted
The receive message was aborted by the remote station (1), i.e. a sequence of seven
1’s was detected before a closing flag.
SA1-0 ... SAPI Address Identification
TA ... TEI Address Identification
SA1-0 are significant in non-auto-mode with a two-byte address field, as well as in
transparen t mod e 3. TA i s sign ifi c ant in all m odes except in tran sp are nt mo des 0 and 1.
Two programma ble SAPI values (SAP1, SAP2) plus a fixed group SAPI (SAPG of value
FC/FEH), and two programmable TEI values (TEI1, TEI2) plus a fixed group TEI (TEIG
of value FFH), are available for address comparison.
The result of the address comparison is given by SA1-0 and TA, as follows:
C/R ... Command/Response
The C/R bit contains the C/R bit of the received frame (Bit1 in the SAPI address)
Note: The contents of RSTA corresponds to the last received HDLC frame; it is
duplicated into RFIFO for every frame (last byte of frame)
Note: If SAP1 and SAP2 contains identical values, the combination 001 will be omitted.
70
RSTA VFR RDO CRC RAB SA1 SA0 C/R TA RD (28H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 181 2001-03-07
7.0.15 TEI2 - TEI2 Register
Value after reset: FFH
TEI2 ... Terminal Endpoint Identifier
In all message transfer modes except in transparent modes 0, 1 and extended
transparent mode, TEI2 is used for address recognition. In the case of a two-byte
address field, it contains the value of the second programmable Terminal Endpoint
Identifier according of the ISDN LAPD-protocol.
In non-auto-modes with one-byte address field, TEI2 is a response address, according
to X.25 LAPD.
EA ... Address field Extension bit
This bit is to be set to ’1’ according to HDLC/LAPD.
Address Match with
SA1 SA0 TA 1st Byte 2nd Byte
Number of
Address
Bytes = 1
x
xx
x0
1TEI2
TEI1 -
-
Number of
address
Bytes=2
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
x
SAP2
SAP2
SAPG
SAPG
SAP1
SAP1
TEIG
TEI2
TEIG
TEI1 or TEI2
TEIG
TEI1
70
TEI2 TEI2 EA WR (28H)
reserved
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 182 2001-03-07
7.0.16 TMH -Test Mode Register HDLC
Value after reset: 00H
TLP ... Test Loop
The TX path of layer-2 is internally connected with the RX path of layer-2. Data coming
from the layer 1 controller will not be forwarded to the layer 2 controller (see chapter
3.7).
Bit 7:1 have always be programmed to ’0’.
7.0.17 CIR0 - Command/Indication Receive 0
Value after reset: F3H
CODR0 ... C/I Code 0 Receive
Value of the received Command/Indication code. A C/I-code is loaded in CODR0 only
after being the same in two consecutive IOM-frames and the previous code has been
read from CIR0.
CIC0 ... C/I Code 0 Change
A change in the received Command/In dication code has be en recognized. This bit is set
only when a new code is detected in two consecutive IOM-frames. It is reset by a read
of CIR0.
CIC1 ... C/I Code 1 Change
A change in the received Command/Indication code in IOM-channel 1 has been
recognized. This bit is set when a new code is detected in one IOM-frame. It is reset by
a read of CI R0.
S/G ... Stop/Go Bit Monitoring
Indicates the availability of the D-channel on the line interface.
1: Stop
0: Go
70
TMH 0000000TLPRD/WR (29
H)
70
CIR0 CODR0 CIC0 CIC1 S/G BAS RD (2EH)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 183 2001-03-07
BAS ... Bus Access Status
Indicates the state of the TIC-bus:
0: The SCOUT itself occupies the D- and C/I-channel
1: Another device occupies the D- and C/I-channel
Note: The CODR0 bits are updated every time a new C/I-code is detected in two
consecutive IOM-frames. If several consecutive valid new codes are detected and
CIR0 is not read, only the first and the last C/I code is made available in CIR0 at
the first and second read of that register, respectively.
The following CI indications are used:
The
Indication ( Downstream) Abbr. Code Remarks
Deactivation Requ est DR 0000
Power-Up PU 0111
Test Mode Acknowledge TMA 0010 Acknowledge for both SSP and SCP
Resynchronization RSY 0100 Receiver not synchronous
Activation Request AR 1000 Receiver synchronized
Activation Request Loop 3 ARL 1001 Local loop synchronized
Activation Request Loop 2 ARL2 1010 Remote loop synchronized
Activation Indication AI 1100
Activation Indication Loop 3 AIL 1101 Local loop activated
Activation Indication Loop 2 AIL2 1110 Remote loop activated
Deactivation Confirmation DC 1111 Line- and if MODE1.CFS = ’1’ also lOM-
interface are powered down
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 184 2001-03-07
7.0.18 CIX0 - Command/Indication Transmit 0
Value after reset: FEH
CODX0 ... C/I-C ode 0 Transmit
Code to be transmitted in the C/I-channel 0.
TBA2-0 ... TIC Bus Add r ess
Defines the individual address for the SCOUT on the IOM bus.
This address is used to access the C/I- and D-channel on the IOM interface.
Note: If only one device is liable to transmit in the C/I- and D-channels of the IOM it
should always be given the address value ’7’.
BAC ... Bus Access Control
Only valid if the TIC-bus feature is enabled (MODE:DIM2-0).
If this bi t is set, the SCOUT will tr y to access the TIC-bus to occupy the C/I-chann el even
if no D-channel frame has to be transmitted. It should be reset when the access has been
completed to grant a similar access to other devices transmitting in that IOM-channel.
Note: If the TIC-bus address (TBA2-0) is programmed to ’7’ and is not blocked by
another device the SCOUT writes its C/I0 code to IOM continuously.
7.0.19 CIR1 - Command/Indication Receive 1
Value after reset: FCH
CODR1 ... C/I-Code 1 Receive
Value of the received Command/Indication code.
70
CIX0 CODX0 TBA2 TBA1 TBA0 BAC WR (2EH)
70
CIR1 CODR1 0 0 RD (2FH)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 185 2001-03-07
7.0.20 CIX1 - Command/Indication Transmit 1
Value after reset: FEH
CODX1 ... C/I-Code 1 Transmit
Bits 7-2 of C/I-channel 1
CICW ... C/I-Channel Width
CICW selects between a 4 bit (’0’) and 6 bit (’1’) C/I1 channel width
CI1E ... C/I-channel 1 interrupt enable
Interrupt generation ISTA.CIC of CIR0.CIC1 is enabled (1) or masked (0).
The following CI commands are used.
70
CIX1 CODX1 CICW CI1E WR (2FH)
Command (Upstream) Abbr. Code Remarks
Timing TIM 0000 Layer-2 device requires clocks to be
activated
Reset RES 0001 Statemachine reset
Send Single Pulses SSP 0010 AMI coded pulses transmitted at 4 kHz
Send Continuous Pulses SCP 0011 AMI coded pulses transmitted
continuously
Activate Request AR 1000
Activate Request Loop 3 ARL 1001 Local analog loop
Deactivation Indicati on Dl 1 111
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 186 2001-03-07
7.1 Transceiver, Interrupt and General Configuration Registers
7.1.1 TR_CONF0 - Transceiver Configuration Register
Value after reset: 00H
DIS_TR ... Disable Transceiver
0: All layer-1 functions are enabled.
1: All layer-1 functions are disabled. The HDLC controller and codec part can still
operate via IOM-2. DCL and FSC pins become input.
TCM ... T-Channel Mapping
0: T-channel data downstream (UPN --> IOM-2) is mapped onto the
S/G-bit (S/G = inverted T-bit)
1: T-channel data downstream (UPN --> IOM-2) is mapped onto the A/B-bit (A/B = T)
L1SW ... Enable Layer 1 State Machine in Software
0: Layer 1 state machine of the SCOUT is used
1: Layer 1 state machine is disabled. The functionality can be realized in software.
The commands can be written in register TR_CMD and the status read from
the TR_STA.
LDD ... Level Detection Discard
0: Clock generation after detection of any signal on the line in the power down state
1: No clock generation after detection of any signal on the line in the power down state
Note: If an interrupt is ge nerated by the i nternal level detect ci rcuitry, the microcontr oller
has to set this bit to ’0’ for an activation of the line interface.
70
TR_
CONF0 DIS_
TR 0 0 TCM L1SW 0 0 LD D RD/WR (30H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 187 2001-03-07
7.1.2 TR_CONF1 - Receiver Configuration Register
Value after reset: 62H
RPLL_INTD ... Receive PLL Integrator Disable (refer to chapter 5.1.1)
0: The integrator function of the receive PLL is enabled
1: The integrator function of the receive PLL is disabled
EN_SFSC ... Enable Short FSC
0: No short FSC is generated
1: A short FSC with a pulse length of 1 DCL is generated once per multi-frame (each 8th
IOM frame) (refer to chapter 2.3.4)
7.1.3 TR_CONF2 - Transmitter Configuration Register
Value after reset: 00H
DIS_TX ... Disable Line Driver
The transmitter of the UPN transceiver can be disabled or enabled by setting DIS_TX.
This can be used to make the analog loop (Loop3) transparent (DIS_TX = ’0’) or not
(DIS_TX = ’1’).
0: Transmitter is enabled
1: Transmitter is disabled
TRS ... Transformer Ratio Selection
0: An external transformer of ratio 1:1 is connected to the transceiver line interface.
Only useful if 3.3V power supply voltage is applied.
1: An external transformer of ratio 2:1 is connected to the transceiver line interface
Only useful if 5V power supply voltage is applied.
70
TR_
CONF1 RPLL_
INTD 1EN_
SFSC 00010RD/WR (31
H)
70
TR_
CONF2 DIS_
TX 00TRS0000RD/WR (32
H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 188 2001-03-07
7.1.4 TR_STA - Transceiver Status Register
Value after reset: 00H
RINF ... Receiver INFO
00: Received INFO 0
01: Received any signal except INFO 2 or INFO 4
10: Received INFO 2
11: Received INFO 4
RDS ... Running Digital Sum
0: No code violation beyond F- or M-bit
1: At least one code violation beyond F- or M-bit received
RLP ... Remote Loop
0: No remote loop is activated
1: The r emote loop (Loop2) is activated by the S- bit of the UPN multiframe. The received
data is looped back to the UPN interface. The D-channel information is transparently
forwarded to the downstream IOM-2 D-channel. The downstream B-channel
information is not transparent and fixed to ’FFH’.
FSYN ... Frame Synchronization State
0: The UPN receiver has not synchronized or has lost synchronization to the framing bit F
1: The UPN receiver has synchronized to the framing bit F
FCV ... F-Bit Code Violation
0: No code violation in the F-bit has been detected
1: A code violation in the F-bit has been detected
MSYN ... Multiframe Synchronous
0: The UPN receiver has not synchronized or has lost synchronization to the UPN
multiframe
1: The UPN receiver has synchronized to the UPN multiframe
70
TR_
STA RINF 0 RDS RLP FSYN FCV MSYN RD (33H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 189 2001-03-07
7.1.5 TR_CMD - Transceiver Command Register
Value after reset: 00H
Normally the signals in this register are generated by the layer 1 state machine. If the
internal layer 1 state machine is disabled (bit L1SW in TR_CONF = ’1’) this reg ister can
be written by the microcontroller.
XINF ... Transmit INFO
000: Transmit INFO 0
001: Transmit INFO 1W
010: Transmit INFO 1
011: Transmit INFO 3
100: Send continuos 192 kHz pulses (Test Mode 2)
101: Send single 4 kHz pulses (Test Mode 1)
11x: reserved
PD ... Power Down
0: Transceiver in operational mode
1: Transceiver in power down mode. From the analog part only the level detector is
active. Additionally no clocks are provided and the complete digital part of the
transceiver is inactive if the CFS bit (see chapter 7.1.10) is set to ’1’.
LP_A ... Loop Analog
The setting of this bit corresponds to the C/I command ARL.
0: Analog loop is open
1: Analog loop is closed
70
TR_
CMD XINF 0 0 PD LP_A 0 RD/WR (34H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 190 2001-03-07
7.1.6 ISTATR - Interrupt Status Register Transceiver
Value after reset: 00H
For all interrupts in the ISTATR register following logical states are defined:
0: Interrupt is not activated
1: Interrupt is activated
x ... Reserved
LD ... Level Detection
Any receive signal has been detected on the line
RIC ... Receiver INFO Change
Any bit of register TR_STA has changed. This bit is reset by reading this register
7.1.7 MASKTR - Mask Transceiver Interrupt
Value after reset: 7FH
0: The transceiver interrupts LD and RIC are enabled
1: The transceiver interrupts LD and RIC are disabled
70
ISTAT R 0 x x x LD RIC 0 0 RD (38H)
70
MASKTR 0111LDRIC11RD/WR (39
H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 191 2001-03-07
7.1.8 ISTA - Interrupt Status Register
Value after reset: 01H
For all interrupts in the ISTA register following logical states are applied:
0: Interrupt is not activated
1: Interrupt is activated
ST ... Synchronous Transfer
When programmed (STI register), this interrupt is generated to enable the
microcontroller to lock on to the IOM timing, for synchronous transfers.
CIC ... C/I Channel Change
A change in C/I channel 0 or C/I channel 1 has been recognized. The actual value can
be read from CIR0 or CIR1.
TIN ... Timer Interrupt
The internal timer and repeat counter has expired (see TIMR register).
WOV ... Watchdog Timer Overflow
Used only if terminal specific functions are enabled (MODE.TSF=1).
Signals the expiration of the watchdog timer, which means that the microcontroller has
failed to set the watchdog timer control bits WTC1 and WTC2 (ADF1 register) in the
correct manner. A reset pulse has been generated by the SCOUT.
TRAN ... Transceiver Interrupt
An interrupt originated in the transceiver interrupt status register (ISTATR) has been
recognized.
MOS ... MONITOR Status
A change in the MONITOR Status Register (MOSR) has occurred.
HDLC ... HDLC Interrupt
An interrupt originated in the HDLC interrupt sources has been recognized.
Note: A read of the ISTA register clears only the TIN and WOV interrupts. The other
interrupts are cleared by reading the corresponding status register
70
ISTA 0 ST CIC TIN WOV TRAN MOS H DLC RD (3CH)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 192 2001-03-07
7.1.9 MASK - Mask Register
Value after reset: 7FH
For the MASK register following logical states are applied:
0: Interrupt is not masked
1: Interrupt is masked
Each in terrupt source in the I STA register can be sel ectively masked by settin g to ’1’ the
corresponding bit in MASK. Masked interrupt status bits are not indicated when ISTA is
read. Instea d, they remai n internally stored and p ending, until the mask bit is reset to ’0’.
Note: In the event of a C/I channel chang e, CIC is se t in ISTA e ven if the cor responding
mask bit in MASK is active, but no interrupt is generated.
7.1.10 MODE1 - Mode1 Register
Value after reset: 00H
MCLK ... Master Clock Frequency
The Maste r Clock Frequency bits contr ol the microcontr oller clock output corresponding
following table.
70
MASK 0 ST C IC TIN WOV TRAN MOS HDLC WR (3CH)
70
MODE1 MCLK CDS WTC1 WTC2 CFS RSS2 RSS1 RD/WR (3DH)
Bit 7 Bit 6 MCLK frequency
with
MODE1.CDS = ’0’
MCLK frequency
with
MODE1.CDS = ’1’
0 0 3.84 MHz 7.68 MHz
0 1 0.96 MHz 1.92 MHz
1 0 7.68 MHz 15.36 MHz
1 1 disabled disabled
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 193 2001-03-07
CDS ... Clock Divider Selection
0: The 15.36 MHz oscillator clock divided by two is input to the MCLK prescaler
1: The 15.36 MHz oscillator clock is input to the MCLK prescaler.
WTC1, 2 ... Watchdog Timer Control 1, 2
If the watchdog timer is enabled (RSS = ’11’) the microcontroller has to program the
WTC1 and WTC2 bit within each time period of 128 ms in the following sequence:
(See chapter 6.1).
CFS ... Configuration Select
This bit determines clock relations and recovery on the line and IOM interfaces
0:The IOM interface clock and frame signals are always active,
"Power Down" state included.
The states "Power Down" and "Power Up" are thus functionally identical except for
the indication: PD = 1111 and PU = 0111.
With the C/I command Timing (TIM) the microcontroller can enforce the
"Power Up" state.
With C/I command Deactivation Indication (DI) the "Power Down" state is
reached again.
It is also possible to activate the line Interface directly with the
C/I command Activate Request (AR) without the TIM command.
1:The IOM interface clock and frame signals are normally inactive ("Power Down").
For activating the IOM-2 clocks the "Power Up" state can be induced by software
(SPU-bit in SPCR register) or by resetting again CFS.
After that the line interface can be activated with the C/I command Activate Request
(AR ). The "Power Down" state can be reached again with the C/I command
Deactivation Indicati on (DI).
Note:After reset the IOM interface is always active. To reach the "Power Down" state the
CFS-bit has to be set.
WTC1 WTC2
1.
2. 1
00
1
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 194 2001-03-07
.RSS2, RSS1 ... Reset Source Selection 2,1
The reset sources and the SDS2 functionality for the RSTO/SDS2 output pin can be
selected according to the table below.
For RSS = ’00’ no reset is generated at pin RSTO/SDS2.
For RSS = ’01’ a serial data strobe is output at pin RSTO/SDS2 (see chapter 2.2.3).
For RSS = ’10’ an External Awake or a change in the downstream C/I0 channel
generates a reset of 125 µs ≤ t ≤ 250 µs pulse length at the pin RSTO
(see chapter 6.1).
For RSS = ’11’ the watchdog function is enabled (see chapter 6.1).
A hardware re set or a reset generated by the undervoltage dete ction is always output at
pin RSTO/SDS2.
After a reset pulse and the corresponding interrupt (WOV or CIC) have been generated
by the SCOUT the actual reset source can be read from the ISTA.
7.1.11 MODE2 - Mode2 Register
Value after reset: 00H
PPSDX ... Push/Pull Output for SDX
0: The SDX pin has open drain characteristic
1: The SDX pin has push/pull characteristic
DREF ... Disable References
0: Reference voltages and currents are enabled.
1: Reference voltages and currents are disabled.
RSS2
Bit 1 RSS1
Bit 0 C/I Code
Change EAW Watchdog
Timer SDS2
Functionality
0 0 -- -- -- --
0 1 -- -- -- x
10 xx-- --
1 1 -- -- x--
70
MODE200000DREF0PPSDX RD/WR (3EH)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 195 2001-03-07
7.1.12 ID - Identification Register
Value after reset: 0xH
DESIGN ... Design Number
The design number (DESIGN) allows to identify different hardware designs of the
SCOUT by software.
000000: SCOUT-P V1.3 PSB 21391
000001: SCOUT-PX V1.3 PSB 21393
7.1.13 SRES - Software Reset Register
Value after reset: 00H
RES_xx ... Reset_xx
0: Deactivates the reset of the functional block xx
1: Activates the reset of the functional block xx
The reset state is activated as long as the bit is set to ’1’
Meaning of xx:
CPLL: Codec PLL
MON: Monitor handler
HDLC: HDLC controller,
IOM: IOM Handler,
TR: Transceiver,
CO: Codec
70
ID 0 0 DESIGN RD (3FH)
70
SRES 0 0 RES_
CPLL RES_
MON RES_
HDLC RES_
IOM RES_
TR RES_
CO WR (3FH)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 196 2001-03-07
7.2 IOM-2 and MONITOR Handler
7.2.1 CDAxy - Controller Data Access Register xy
Value after reset: See table below
Data register CDAxy which can be accessed from the controller.
70
CDAxy Controller Data Access Register RD/WR
(40H-43H)
Register Value after Reset Register Address
CDA10 FFH40H
CDA11 FFH41H
CDA20 FFH42H
CDA21 FFH43H
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 197 2001-03-07
7.2.2 XXX_TSDPxy - Time Slot and Data Port Selection for CHxy
Value after reset: See table below
This regi ster deter mi nes th e ti me slots and the data ports on the IOM -2 In ter face for the
data channels xy of the functional units XXX (Controller Data Access (CDA), Codec (CO)
and Transceiver (TR)).
DPS ... Data Port Selection
0: The data channel xy of the functional unit XXX is output on DD.
The data channel xy of the functional unit XXX is input from DU.
1: The data channel xy of the functional unit XXX is output on DU.
The data channel xy of the functional unit XXX is input from DD.
Note: For the CDA (controller data access) data the input is determined by the
CDA_CRx.SWAP bit. If SWAP = ’0’ the input for the CDAxy data is vice versa to
the output setting for CDAxy. If the SW AP = ’1’ the input from CDAx0 is vice versa
to the output setting of CDAx1 and the input from CDAx1 is vice versa to the output
setting of CDAx0. See controller data access description in chapter 2.2.2.1
70
XXX_
TSDPxy DPS 0 0 0 TSS RD/WR
(44H-4DH)
Register Value after Reset Register Address
CDA_TSDP10 00H ( = output on B1-DD) 44H
CDA_TSDP11 01H ( = output on B2-DD) 45H
CDA_TSDP20 80H ( = output on B1-DU) 46H
CDA_TSDP21 81H ( = output on B2-DU) 47H
CO_TSDP10 80H ( = output on B1-DU) 48H
CO_TSDP11 81H ( = output on B2-DU) 49H
CO_TSDP20 81H ( = output on B2-DU) 4AH
CO_TSDP21 85H ( = output on IC2-DU) 4BH
TR_TSDP_B1 00H ( = output on B1-DD) 4CH
TR_TSDP_B2 01H ( = output on B2-DD) 4DH
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 198 2001-03-07
TSS ... Timeslot Selection
Selects one of the 12 timeslots f rom 0...1 1 on the IOM-2 in terface for the data channels.
7.2.3 CDAx_CR - Control Register Controller Data Access CH1x
Value after reset: See table below
EN_TBM ... Enable TIC Bus Monitoring
0: The TIC bus monitoring is disabled
1: The TIC bus monitoring with the CDAx0 register is enabled. The TSDPx0 register
must be set to 08H for monitoring from DU or 88 H for monitoring from DD respectively.
EN_I1, EN_I0 ... Enable Input CDAx0, CDAx1
0: The input of the CDAx0, CDAx1 register is disabled
1: The input of the CDAx0, CDAx1 register is enabled
EN_O1, EN_O0 ... Enable Output CDAx0, CDAx1
0: The output of the CDAx0, CDAx1 register is disabled
1: The output of the CDAx0, CDAx1 register is enabled
SWAP ... Swap Inputs
0: The time slot and data port for the input of the CDAxy register is defined by its own
TSDPxy register. The data port for the CDAxy in put is vice versa to the output setting
for CDAxy.
1: The input (time slot and data port) of the CDAx0 is defined by the TSDP register of
CDAx1 and the input of CDAx1 is defined by the TSDP register of CDAx0. The data
port for the CDAx0 input is vice versa to the output setting for CDAx1. The data port
for the CDAx1 input is vice ver sa to the output sett ing for CDAx0. The in put defini tion
for time slot and data port CDAx0 are thus swapped to CDAx1 and for CDAx1 to
CDAx0. The outputs are not affected by the SWAP bit.
70
CDAx_
CR 00EN_
TBM EN_I1 EN_I0 EN_O1EN_O0 SWAP RD/WR
(4EH-4FH)
Register Value after Reset Register Address
CDA1_CR 00H4EH
CDA2_CR 00H4FH
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 199 2001-03-07
7.2.4 CO_CR - Control Register Codec Data
Value after reset: 00H
EN21 ... Enable codec channel 21
EN20 ... Enable codec channel 20
EN11 ... Enable codec channel 11
EN10 ... Enable codec channel 10
0: The codec data channel xy is disabled
1: The codec data channel xy is enabled
7.2.5 TR_CR - Control Register Transceiver Data
Value after reset: 3EH
EN_D ... Enable D-Channel Data
EN_B2R ... Enable B2 Data received from IOM
EN_B1R ... Enable B1 Data received from IOM
EN_B2X ... Enable B2 Data to be transmitted to IOM
EN_B1X ... Enable B1 Data to be transmitted to IOM
0: The transceiver data _xxx is disabled
1: The transceiver data _xxx is enabled
70
CO_CR 0 0 0 0 EN
21 EN
20 EN
11 EN
10 RD/WR (50H)
70
TR_CR 0 0 EN_
DEN_
B2R EN_
B1R EN_
B2X EN_
B1X 0RD/WR (51
H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 200 2001-03-07
7.2.6 HCI_CR - Control Register for HDLC and CI1 Data
Value after reset: A0H
DPS_CI1 ... Data Port Selection CI1 Data
0: The CI1 data is output on DD and input from DU
1: The CI1 data is output on DU and input from DD
EN_CI1 ... Enable CI1 Data
EN_D ... Enable D-Channel Data
EN_B2H ... Enable HDLC B2 Data
EN_B1H ... Enable HDLC B1 Data
0: The HDLC (D, B1, B2) and CI1 data is disabled
1: The HDLC (D, B1, B2) and CI1 data is enabled
7.2.7 MON_CR - Control Register Monitor Data
Value after reset: 40H
DPS ... Data Port Selection
0: The Monitor data is output on DD and input from DU
1: The Monitor data is output on DU and input from DD
EN_MON ... Enable Output
0: The Monitor data input and output is disabled
1: The Monitor data input and output is enabled
MCS ... MONITOR C hannel Selection
00: The MONITOR data is output on MON0
01: The MONITOR data is output on MON1
10: The MONITOR data is output on MON2
11: Not defined
70
HCI_CR DPS_
CI1 EN_
CI1 EN_
DEN_
B2H EN_
B1H 0 0 0 RD /W R (52H)
70
MON_CR DPS EN_
MON 0 0 0 0 MCS RD/W R (53H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 201 2001-03-07
7.2.8 SDSx_CR - Control Register Serial Data Strobe x
Value after reset: 00H
Note: The SDS2_CR register is only applicable if a serial data strobe functionality is
selected (MODE1.RSS = ’01’) for the pin RSTO/SDS2
ENS_TSS ... Enable Serial Data Strobe of timeslot TS
ENS_TSS+1 ... Enable Serial Data Strobe of timeslot TS+1
0: The serial data strobe or bit clock on SDSx for TS, TS+1 is disabled
1: The serial data strobe or bit clock on SDSx for TS, TS+1 is enabled
ENS_TSS+3 ... Enable Serial Data Strobe of timeslot TS+3 (D-Cha nnel)
0: The serial data strobe or bit clock on SDSx for the D-channel (bit7, 6) of TS+3 is
disabled
1: The serial data strobe or bit clock on SDSx for the D-channel (bit7, 6) of TS+3 is
enabled
TSS ... Tim eslot Selection
Selects one of 12 timeslots on the IOM-2 interface (with respect to FSC) during which
SDSx is active. The data strobe signal allows standard data devices to access a
programmable channel.
70
SDSx_CR ENS_
TSS ENS_
TSS+1 ENS_
TSS+3 0 TSS RD/WR
(54H-55H)
Register Value after Reset Register Address
SDS1_CR 00H54H
SDS2_CR 00H55FH
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 202 2001-03-07
7.2.9 IOM_CR - Control Register IOM Data
Value after reset: 00H
SPU ... Software Power UP
0: The DU line is normally used for transmitting data
1: Setting this bit to ’1’ will pull the DU line to low. This will enforce connected layer 1
devices to deliver IOM-clocking.
After a subsequen t C IC- i nterrup t ( C/I-code change ; ISTA) and r ecepti on of t he C /I- code
”PU” (Power Up indication in TE-mode) the microcontroller writes an AR or TIM
command as C/I-code in the CIX0- regi ster, resets the SPU bit and wait for the followi ng
CIC-interrupt.
TIC_DIS ... TIC Bus Disable
0: The last octet of the last IOM time slot (TS 11) is used as TIC bus
1: The TIC bus i s d isabled . The last octet of the last IOM ti me slot (TS 11) can be used
as every time slot.
EN_BCL ... Enable Bit Clock BCL
0: The BCL clock is disabled
1: The BCL clock is enabled
CLKM ... Cl ock Mode
If th e transceiver is d isabled (DIS_TR = ’1’) the DCL from the IOM-2 interface is an input.
With
0: A double clock per bit is expected
1: A single clock per bit is e xpected
DIS_OD ... Open Drain
0: IOM outputs are open drain driver
1: IOM outputs are push pull driver
70
IOM_CR SPU 0 0 TIC_
DIS EN_
BCL CLKM DIS_
OD DIS_
IOM RD/WR (56H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 203 2001-03-07
DIS_IOM ... Disable IOM
DIS_IOM should be set to ’1’ if external devices connected to the IOM interface should
be “disconnected“ e.g. for power saving purposes or for not disturbing the internal IOM
connection between layer 1 and layer 2. However, the SCOUT internal operation
between transceiver, B-channel and D-channel controller is independent of the
DIS_IOM bit.
0: The IOM interface is enabled
1: The IOM interface is disabled (high impedance)
7.2.10 MCDA - Monitoring CDA Bits
Value after reset: FFH
MCDAxy ... Monitoring CDAxy Bits
Bit 7 and Bit 6 of the CDAxy registers are mapped into the MCDA register.
This can be used for monitoring the D-channel bits on D U and DD and the ’Echo bit s’ on
the TIC bus with the same register
70
MCDA MCDA21 MCDA20 MCDA11 MCDA10 RD (57H)
Bit7 Bit6 Bit7 Bit6 Bit7 Bit6 Bit7 Bit6
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 204 2001-03-07
7.2.11 STI - Synchronous Transfer Interrupt
Value after reset: 00H
For all interrupts in the STI register following logical states are applied:
0: Interrupt is not activated
1: Interrupt is aestivated
STOVxy ... Synchronous Transfer Overflow Interrupt
Enabled STOV inte rrupts for a certa in STIxy interrupt are generated when t he STIxy has
not been acknowledged in time via the ACKxy bit in the ASTI register. This must be one
(for DPS=’0’) or zero (for DPS= ’1’) BCL clocks before the time slot which is selected for
the STOV.
STIxy ... Synchronous Transfer Inte rrupt
Depending on the DPS bit in the corresponding TSDPxy register the Synchronous
Transfer Interrupt STIxy is generated two (for DPS=’0’) or one (for DPS=’1’) BCL clock
after the selected time slot (TSDPxy.TSS).
Note: ST0Vxy and ACKxy are useful for synchronizing microcontroller accesses and
receive/transmit operations. One BCL clock is equivalent to two DCL clocks.
70
STI STOV
21 STOV
20 STOV
11 STOV
10 STI
21 STI
20 STI
11 STI
10 RD (58H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 205 2001-03-07
7.2.12 ASTI - Acknowledge Synchronous Transfer Interrupt
Value after reset: 00H
ACKxy ... Acknowledge Synchronous Transfer Interrupt
After a STIxy interrupt the microcontroller has to acknowledge the interrupt by setting the
corresponding ACKxy bit.
0: No activity is initiated
1: Sets the acknowledge bit ACKxy for a STIxy interrupt
7.2.13 MSTI - Mask Synchronous Transfer Interrupt
Value after reset: FFH
For the MSTI register following logical states are applied:
0: Interrupt is not masked
1: Interrupt is masked
STOVxy ... Synchronous Transfer Overflow for STIxy
By masking the STOV bits the number and time of the STOV interrupts for a certain
enabled STIxy interrupt can be controlled. For an enabled STIxy the own STOVxy is
generated when the STOVxy is enabled (MSTI.STIxy and MSTI.STOVxy = ’0’).
Additionally all other STOV interrupts of which the corresponding STI is disabled
(MSTI.STI = ’1’ and MSTI.STOV = ’0’) are generated.
STIxy ... Synchronous Transfer Interrupt xy
The STIxy interrupts can be masked by setting the corresponding mask bit to ’1’. For a
masked STIxy no STOV interrupt is generated.
70
ASTI 0 0 0 0 ACK
21 ACK
20 ACK
11 ACK
10 WR (58H)
70
MSTI STOV
21 STOV
20 STOV
11 STOV
10 STI
21 STI
20 STI
11 STI
10 RD/WR (59H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 206 2001-03-07
7.2.14 SDS_CONF - Configuration Register for Serial Data Strobes
Value after reset: 00H
SDSx_BCL ... Enable IOM Bit Clock for SDSx
0: The serial data strobe is generated in the programmed timeslot (see chapter 7.2.8).
1: The IOM bit clock is generated in the programmed timeslot (see chapter 7.2.8 and
2.2.3).
7.2.15 MOR - MONITOR Receive Channel
Value after reset: 00H
Contains the MONITOR data recei ved in the IOM-2 M ONITOR channel accordi ng to the
MONITOR channel protocol. The MONITOR channel (0,1,2) can be selected by setting
the monitor channel select bit MON_CR.MCS.
7.2.16 MOX - MONITOR Transmit Channel
Value after reset: FFH
Contains the MONITOR data to be transmitted in IOM-2 MONITOR channel according
to the MONITOR channel protocol.The MONITOR channel (0,1,2) can be selected by
setting the monitor channel select bit MON_CR.MCS
70
SDS_
CONF 000000SDS2_
BCL SDS1_
BCL RD/WR (5AH)
70
MOR RD (5CH)
70
MOX WR (5CH)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 207 2001-03-07
7.2.17 MOSR - MONITOR Interrupt Status Register
Value after reset: 00H
MDR ... MONITOR channel Data Received
MER ... MONITOR channel End of Reception
MDA ... MONITOR channel Data Acknowledged
The remote end has acknowledged the MONITOR byte being transmitted.
MAB ... MONITOR channel Data Abort
70
MOSR MDR MER MDA MAB 0 0 0 0 RD (5DH)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 208 2001-03-07
7.2.18 MOCR - MONITOR Control Register
Value after reset: 00H
MRE ... MONITOR Receive Interrupt Enable
0: MONITOR interrupt status MDR generation is masked
1: MONITOR interrupt status MDR generation is enabled
MRC ... MR Bit Control:
Determines the value of the MR bit:
0: MR is always ’1’. In additio n, the MDR int err upt i s blocked, except for the first byte of
a packet (if MRE = 1).
1: MR is internally controlled according to the MONITOR channel protocol. In addition,
the MDR interrupt is enabled for all received bytes according to the MONITOR
channel protocol (if MRE = 1).
MIE ... MONITOR Interrupt Enable
MONITOR interrupt status MER, MDA, MAB generation is enabled (1) or masked (0).
MXC ... MX Bit Control
Determines the value of the MX bit:
0: The MX bit is a lways ’1’.
1: The MX bit is internally controlled according to the MONITOR channel
protocol.
70
MOCR MRE MRC MIE MXC 0 0 0 0 RD/WR (5EH)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 209 2001-03-07
7.2.19 MSTA - MONITOR Status Register
Value after reset: 00H
MAC ... MONITOR Transmit Channel Active
The data transmission in the MONITOR channel is in progress
TOUT ... Time-Out
Re ad-back value of the TOUT bi t
7.2.20 MCONF - MONITOR Configuration Register
Value after reset: 00H
TOUT ... Time-Out
0: The monitor time-out function is disabled
1: The monitor time-out function is enabled
70
MSTA 0 0000MAC0TOUT RD (5F
H)
70
MCONF0000000TOUT WR (5F
H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 210 2001-03-07
7.3 Codec Configuration Registers
7.3.1 General Configuratio n Register (GCR)
Value after reset: 00H
SP ... Speakerphone
0: Speakerphone support disabled
1: Speakerphone support enabled
AGCX ... Automatic Gain Control Transmit
0: Automatic gain control disabled
1: Automatic gain control enabled; only if speakerphone support is enabled (SP=1)
AGCR ... Automatic Gain Control Receive
0: Automatic gain control disabled
1: Automatic gain control enabled; only if speakerphone support is enabled (SP=1)
MGCR ... Modified Gain Con tro l Receive
0: AGCR starts regulation up and down after speech was detected two times
1: AGCR starts regulation down of the attenuation immediately, regulation up is done
after speech was detected two times
CME ... Controlled Monitoring Enable (GCR.SP = ’1’)
0: Controlled monitoring disabled
1: Controlled monitoring enabled. ALS attenuation is fixed to the value determined by
the ATCR.CMAS setting
Note: If transmit speech is detected and LSC > -9.5 dB, the ALS programming is fixed
to -9.5 dB
PU ... Power Up
0: The codec is in standby mode (power-down); all registers and the coefficient RAM
contents are saved and all interface functions are available
1: The codec is in normal operation mode (power-up)
70
GCR SP AGCX AGCR MGCR CME PU ATT2RATT1R RD/WR (60H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 211 2001-03-07
ATT2R ... Attenuation of the Receive Channel related to Transmit Channel 2
ATT1R ... Attenuation of the Receive Channel related to Transmit Channel 1
0: Attenuation value for the conferencing loo p is 0 dB
1: Attenuation value for the conferencing loop loaded from CRAM
7.3.2 Programmable Filter Configuration Register (PFCR)
Value after reset: 00H
GX ... Transmit Gain
0: Gain set to 0 dB
1: Gain coefficients loaded from CRAM
GR ... R eceive Gain
0: Gain set to 0 dB
1: Gain coefficients loaded from CRAM
GZ ... Sidetone Gain
0: Gain set to dB
1: Gain coefficients loaded from CRAM
FX ... Transmit Frequency Correctio n Filter
0: Filter is bypassed
1: Filter coefficients loaded from CRAM
PGZ ... Position Sidetone Gain
0: Tap of the sidetone signal is before the AGC/GHX stage
1: Tap of the sidetone signal is after the AGC/GHX stage
FR ... Receive Frequency Correction Filter
0: Filter is bypassed
1: Filter coefficients loaded from CRAM
DHPR ... Disable High-Pass Receive (50/60 Hz filter)
0: Filter enabled
1: Filter disabled
70
PFCR GX GR GZ FX PGZ F R DHPR DHPX RD/WR (61H)
∞–
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 212 2001-03-07
DHPX ... Disable High-Pass Transmit (50/60 Hz filter)
0: Filter enabled
1: Filter disabled
7.3.3 Tone Generator Configuration Register (TGCR)
Value after reset: 00H
ET ... Enable Tone Generator
0: Tone generator is disabled
1: Tone generator is enabled; frequency and gain coefficients loaded from CRAM
DT ... Dual Tone Mode
0: Dual tone mode is disabled
1: Dual tone mode is enabled; the output of signal generator FD is added to the tone
signal which is determined by TM and SEQ;
dual tone mode is only available if TGSR.DTMF = ’0’
ETF ... Enable Tone Filter
0: Tone filter is by-passed
1: Tone filter is enabled; filter coefficients loaded from CRAM
PT ... Pulsed Tone
0: Pulsed tone is disabled
1: Pulsed tone is enabled; time coefficients loaded from CRAM
SEQ ... Sequence Generator
0: Sequence generator is disabled, a continuous tone signal is generated
1: Sequence generator is enabled; time coefficients loaded from CRAM
TM ... Tone Mode
0: Two- tone sequence is activated w hen sequence gener ator is enabled w ith SEQ = ’1’
otherwise a continuous signal (F1, G1) is generated
1: Three-tone sequence is activated when sequence generator is enabled with SEQ =
’1’ otherwise a continuous signal (F2, G2) is generated;
three-tone sequence is only available if TGSR.DTMF = ’0’
70
TGCR ET DT ETF PT SEQ TM SM SQTR RD/WR (62H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 213 2001-03-07
SM ... Stop Mode
0: Automatic stop mode is disabled
1: Automatic stop mode is enabled; two and three tone ring gets turned off after the
sequence is completed
SQTR ... Square/Trapezoid Waveform
0: Trapezoid shaped signal is enabled;
only available if tone ringing via loudspeaker is disabled with TGSR.TRL = ’0’
1: Square-wave signal is enabled
7.3.4 Tone Generator Switch Register (TGSR)
Value after reset: 00H
TRL ... Tone Ringing via Loudspeaker
0: Ringing signal is not output directly to the loudspeaker pins
1: Ringing signal (square) is output directly to the loudspeaker pins LSP/LSN
TRR ... Tone Ring ing Receive
0: Tone signal for receive direction is disabled
1: Tone signal for receive direction is enabled
DTMF ... DTMF Mode
0: DTMF mode is disabled
1: DTMF mode is enabled
TRX ... Tone Ringing Transmit
0: Tone generator for transmit direction is disabled
1: Tone generator for transmit direction is enabled
70
TGSR 0 TRL 0 TRR DTMF TRX 0 0 RD/WR (63H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 214 2001-03-07
7.3.5 AFE Configuration Register (ACR)
Value after reset: 00H
SEM ... Single Ended Mode (only effective if DLSP and/or DLSN=’1’)
0: LSP and/or LSN amplifiers are in power down and grounded internally for single
ended mode
1: LSP and/or LSN amplifiers are in power down (high impedance)
DHOP ... Disable HOP Amplifier
0: HOP amplifier in normal mode
1: Disable HOP amplifier (power down, output high impedance)
DHON ... Disable HON Amplifier
0: HO N amplifier in normal mode
1: Disable HON amplifier (power down, output high impedance)
DLSP ... Disable LSP Amplifier
0: LSP amplifier in normal mode
1: Disable LSP amplifier controlled by SEM setting
DLSN ... Disable LSN Amplifier
0: LSN amplifier in normal mode
1: Disable LSN amplifier controlled by SEM setting
70
ACR 0 0 0 SEM DHOP DHON DLSP DLSN RD/WR (64H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 215 2001-03-07
7.3.6 AFE Transmit Configuration Register (ATCR)
Value after reset: 00H
MIC ... Microphone Amplifier (AMI) Control
CMAS ... Controlled Mo nitoring Attenuation Select
0: In controlled monitoring mode (GCR.CME = ’1’)
the lower ALS setting is -9.5dB
1: In controlled monitoring mode (GCR.CME = ’1’)
the lower ALS setting is -21.5dB
AIMX ... Analog Input Multiplexer
70
ATCR MIC 0 CMAS AIMX RD/WR (65H)
Bit 7 6 5 4 Selected Mode
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
AMI and PREFI is in power-down mode
0 dB amplifica t io n
6 dB amplifica t io n
12 dB amplification
18 dB amplification
24 dB amplification
30 dB amplification
36 dB amplification
42 dB amplification
bypass mode, reserved for internal tests
Bit 1 0 Selected Input
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
AMI is connected to the pins MIP1/MIN1 (differential input)
AMI is connected to the pins MIP2/MIN2 (differential input)
AMI is connected to the pin AXI (single-ended input)
not used
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 216 2001-03-07
7.3.7 AFE Receive Configuration Register (ARCR)
Value after reset: 00H
HOC ... Handset Output Amplifier (AHO) Control
LSC ... Loudspeaker Amplifier (ALS) Control
70
ARCR HOC LSC RD/WR (66H)
Bit 3 2 1 0 Selected Mode
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
AHO is in power-down mode
2.5 dB amplification
– 0.5 dB amplification
– 3.5 dB amplification
– 6.5 dB amplification
– 9.5 dB amplification
– 12.5 dB amplification
– 15.5 dB amplification
– 18.5 dB amplification
– 21.5 dB amplification
bypass mode, reserved for internal tests only
Bit 3 2 1 0 Selected Mode
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
ALS is in power-down mode
11.5 dB amplification
8.5 dB amplification
5.5 dB amplification
2.5 dB amplification
– 0.5 dB amplification
– 3.5 dB amplification
– 6.5 dB amplification
– 9.5 dB amplification
– 12.5 dB amplification
– 15.5 dB amplification
– 18.5 dB amplification
– 21.5 dB amplification
– 24.5 dB amplification (only for TGSR.TRL = ’1’)
– 27.5 dB amplification (only for TGSR.TRL = ’1’)
bypass mode, reserved for internal tests only
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 217 2001-03-07
7.3.8 Data Format Register (DFR)
Value after reset: 00H
DFxR ... Data Format CHx Receive (CHxR)
DFxX ... Data Format CHx Transmit (CHxX)
The small letter ’x’ is a variable for channel 2 or 1.
70
DFR DF2R DF2X DF1R DF1X RD/WR (67H)
Bit
7,3 Bit
6,2 Data Format CHxR Codec Voice Data Register
0 0 PCM A-Law COx0R
0 1 PCM µ-Law COx0R
1 0 8-bit linear mode COx0R
(|sign 15...9| of the internal 16 bit word)
1 1 16-bit linear mode COx0R (MSB)
(|sign 15...9| of the internal 16 bit word)
COx1R (LSB)
(|8...1| of the internal 16 bit word)
Bit
5,1 Bit
4,0 Data Format CHxR Codec Data Register
0 0 PCM A-Law COx0X
0 1 PCM µ-Law COx0X
1 0 8-bit linear mode COx0X
(|sign 15...9| of the internal 16 bit word)
1 1 16-bit linear mode COx0X (MSB)
(|sign 15...9| of the internal 16 bit word)
COx1X (LSB)
(|8...1| of the internal 16 bit word)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 218 2001-03-07
7.3.9 Data Source Selection Register (DSSR)
Value after reset: 00H
DSSR ... Data Source Selection Receive
ENX2 ... Enable Transmit CH2
ENX1 ... Enable Transmit CH1
0: Codec transmit data in CH2/CH1 disabled
1: Codec transmit data in CH2/CH1 enabled
DSS2X ... Data Source Selection CH2X
DSS1X ... Data Source Selection CH1X
70
DSSR DSSR ENX2 ENX1 DSS2X DSS1X RD/WR (68H)
Bit7 6
00idle
01CH1R
10CH2R
11CH1R+CH2R
Bit3 2
0 0 idle code is transmitted
0 1 XDAT is transmitted
10CH1R
1 1 XDAT+ CH1R is transmitted
Bit1 0
0 0 idle code is transmitted
0 1 XDAT is transmitted
10CH2R
1 1 XDAT+ CH2R is transmitted
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 219 2001-03-07
7.3.10 Extended Configuration (XCR) and Status (XSR) Register
Extended Status Register (XSR)
If MAAR in the XCR register is set to ’0’:
Value after reset: 00H
PGCR ... Position of Gain Control Receive (see figure 62)
Read-back of the programmed value
PGCX ... Position of Gain Control Transmit (see figure 62)
Read-back of the programmed value
ERA ... Enhanced Reverse Attenuation
Read-back of the programmed value
SPST ... Speakerphone State
If MAAR in the XCR register is set to ’1’:
Value after reset: 00H
Extended Conf iguration Register (XCR)
Value after reset: 00H
70
XSR PGCR PGCX ERA 0 0 0 SPST RD (69H)
Bit 1 0 Description
0 0 Speakerphone is in receive mode
0 1 Speakerphone is in idle mode (reached via receive mode)
1 0 Speakerphone is in transmit mode
1 1 Speakerphone is in idle mode (reached via transmit mode)
70
XSR Value of the Momentary AGC Attenuation RD (69H)
70
XCR PGCR PGCX ERA 0 0 0 0 MAAR WR (69H)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 220 2001-03-07
PGCR ... Position of Gain Control Receive (see figure 62)
0: In front of the speech detector
1: Behind the speech detector
PGCX ... Position of Gain Control Transmit (see figure 62)
0: Behind the speech detector
1: In front of the speech detector
ERA ... Enhanced Reverse Attenuation
0: Standard reverse attenuation in receive direction
1: Enhanced reverse attenuation in receive direction
MAAR ... Monitoring AGC Attenuation Rece ive
0: The monitoring of the AGC attenuation receive in the XSR register is disabled. XSR
contains the read-back values of XCR register (bit 7:2) and the speakerphone states.
1: The monitoring of the AGC attenuation receive in the XSR register is enabled. The
momentary AGC attenuation can be accessed directly by the microcontroller via XSR
register.
7.3.11 Mask Channel x Register (MASKxR)
Value after reset: 00H
MASKx ... Mask Channel x
The codec data in channel 1 (CH1X, CH1R) or channel 2 (CH2X, CH2R) respectively is
masked with these 6 register bits. The posit ion of this 6 bi t mask on the 8 or 1 6 bit value
respectively is determined by the MPx bits. If a mask bit is set to ’1’ the data in the
corresponding bit position is masked and thus always a ’1’. With a ’0’ the data passes
unchanged.
70
MASKxR MASKx MPx RD/WR
channel 1: 6AH
channel 2: 6BH
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 221 2001-03-07
MPx ... Mask Position of Channel x
7.3.12 Test Function Configuration Register (TFCR)
Value after reset: 00H
ALTF ... Analog Loop and Test Functions
DLTF ... Digital Loop and Test Functions
7.3.13 CRAM Control (CCR) and Status (CSR) Register
The programming of the CRAM Control Register (CCR) and the CRAM Status Register
(CSR) is intended for a back-up procedure for the direct access to individual CRAM
coefficients. A detailed description can be found in chapter 4.8.2.1 .
Bit 1 0 Description
0 0 Bit 5...0 of the codec data register CHx0 is masked with MASKx
0 1 Bit 7...2 of the codec data register CHx0 is masked with MASKx
1 0 Bit 5...0 of the codec data register CHx1 is masked with MASKx
1 1 Bit 7...2 of the codec data register CHx1 is masked with MASKx
70
TFCR 0 0 ALTF DLTF RD/WR (6CH)
Bit 5 4 3 Test Function
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
NOT: No Test Mode
ALF: Analog Loop via Front End
ALC: Analog Loop via Converter
ALN: Analog Loop via Noise Shaper
1 XXReserved
Bit 2 1 0 Test Function
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
NOT: No Test Mode
IDR: Initialize DRAM
DLN: Digital Loop via Noise Shaper
DLS: Digital Loop via Signal Processor
DLP1: Digital Loop via codec part CH1
DLP2: Digital Loop via codec part CH2
11XReserved
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 222 2001-03-07
CRAM Status Register (CSR)
Value after reset: 00H
DCA ... DSP CRAM Access
Read-back of the programmed value
BSYB ... Busy Back-up Procedure
0: Momentar y there is no transfer of CR AM data to the temporary area running . CRAM
access via microcontroller interface is possible
1: Transfe r of the C RAM block <CBADR > is run ning. CRAM access via micr ocontroller
interface is not allowed
CBADR ... CRAM Block Address
Read-back of the programmed value
CRAM Control Register (CCR)
Value after reset: 00H
DCA ... DSP CRAM Access
0: The normal CRAM area (80H tp FFH) is accessed by the codec DSP
1: The temporary CRAM area (coefficient block with 8 bytes corresponding to the
COP_x sequences) is accessed by the codec DSP. The switching to the temporary
CRAM block happens as soon as the transfer of the block has completed (BSYB = ’0’)
SBP ... Start Back-up Procedure
0: No back-up is initiated
1: A transition to SBP = ’1’ starts the back-up of the CRAM block <CBADR> into the
temporary CRAM area
CBADR ... CRAM Block Address
Address of a coefficient block with 8 bytes corresponding to the COP_x sequences
(x=0...F) of the codec programming sequences
70
CCR 0 0 DCA BSYB CBADR RD (6FH)
70
CCR 0 0 DCA SBP C BADR WR (6FH)
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 223 2001-03-07
7.3.14 CRAM (Coefficient RAM)
Address Mnemonic Description
80H
81H
82H
83H
84H
85H
86H
87H
-
-
T1
GD1
G1
F1
Reserved
Reserved
Beat tone time lower byte
Beat tone time higher byte
Trapezoid generator amplitude
Tone generator amplitude
Tone generator frequency lower byte
Tone generator frequency higher byte
88H
89H
8AH
8BH
8CH
8DH
8EH
8FH
GTX
GTR
T2
GD2
G2
F2
Level adjustment for transmit path
Level adjustment for receive path
Beat tone time span lower byte
Beat tone time span higher byte
Trapezoid generator amplitude
Tone generator amplitude
Tone generator frequency lower byte
Tone generator frequency higher byte
90H
91H
92H
93H
94H
95H
96H
97H
FD
T3
GD3
G3
F3
Dual tone frequency lower byte
Dual tone frequency higher byte
Beat tone time span lower byte
Beat tone time span higher byte
Trapezoid generator amplitude
Tone generator amplitude
Tone generator frequency lower byte
Tone generator frequency higher byte
98H
99H
9AH
9BH
9CH
9DH
9EH
9FH
GE
A2
A1
K
-
-
-
-
Saturation amplification
Bandwidth
Center frequency
Attenuation of the stop-band
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 224 2001-03-07
A0H
A1H
A2H
A3H
A4H
A5H
A6H
A7H
TOFF
TON
-
-
-
-
Turn-off period of the tone generator lower byte
Turn-off period of the tone generator higher byte
Turn-on period of the tone generator lower byte
Turn-on period of the tone generator higher byte
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
A8H
A9H
AAH
ABH
ACH
ADH
AEH
AFH
-
-
ATT2R
ATT1R
GR
GX
Reserved
Reserved
Conferencing attenuation CH2R
Conferencing attenuation CH1R
Receive gain lower byte
Receive gain higher byte
Transmit gain lower byte
Transmit gain higher byte
B0H
B1H
B2H
B3H
B4H
B5H
B6H
B7H
-
-
GZ
-
-
-
-
Reserved
Reserved
Sidetone gain lower byte
Sidetone gain higher byte
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
B8H
B9H
BAH
BBH
BCH
BDH
BEH
BFH
FX Transmit correction filter coefficients part 8
Transmit correction filter coefficients part 7
Transmit correction filter coefficients part 6
Transmit correction filter coefficients part 5
Transmit correction filter coefficients part 4
Transmit correction filter coefficients part 3
Transmit correction filter coefficients part 2
Transmit correction filter coefficients part 1
C0H
C1H
C2H
C3H
C4H
C5H
C6H
C7H
FR
FX
Receive correction fil ter coeffi cien ts part 12
Receive correction fil ter coeffi cien ts part 11
Receive correction fil ter coeffi cien ts part 10
Receive correction fil ter coeffi cien ts part 9
Transmit correction filter coefficients part 12
Transmit correction filter coefficients part 11
Transmit correction filter coefficients part 10
Transmit correction filter coefficients part 9
Address Mnemonic Description
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 225 2001-03-07
C8H
C9H
CAH
CBH
CCH
CDH
CEH
CFH
FR Receive correction filter coefficients 8
Receive correction filter coefficients 7
Receive correction filter coefficients 6
Receive correction filter coefficients 5
Receive correction filter coefficients 4
Receive correction filter coefficients 3
Receive correction filter coefficients 2
Receive correction filter coefficients 1
D0H
D1H
D2H
D3H
D4H
D5H
D6H
D7H
SW
DS
TW
ETLE
ETAE
ATT
GLE
GAE
Switching time
Decay speed
Wait time
Echo time (line side)
Echo time (acoustic side)
Attenuation programmed in GHR or GHX
Gain of line echo
Gain of acoustic echo
D8H
D9H
DAH
DBH
DCH
DDH
DEH
DFH
PDNLE
GDNLE
PDSLE
GDSLE
PDNAE
GDNAE
PDSAE
GDSAE
Peak decrement when noise is detected (line side)
Reserve when noise is detected (line side)
Peak decrement when speech is detected (line side)
Reserve when speech is detected (line side)
Peak decrement when noise is detected (acoustic side)
Reserve when noise is detected (acoustic side)
Peak decrement when speech is detected (acoustic side)
Reserve when speech is detected (acoustic side)
E0H
E1H
E2H
E3H
E4H
E5H
E6H
E7H
-
LP1R
LP1X
LP2LR
LP2LX
OFFR
OFFX
LIM
Reserved
Time constant LP1 (receive)
Time constant LP1 (transmit)
Limitation for LP2 (receive)
Limitation for LP2 (transmit)
Level offset up to detected noise (receive)
Level offset up to detected noise (transmit)
Starting level of the logarithmic amplifiers
E8H
E9H
EAH
EBH
ECH
EDH
EEH
EFH
LP2NR
LP2SR
PDNR
PDSR
LP2NX
LP2SX
PDNX
PDSX
Time constant LP2 for noise (receive)
Time constant LP2 for signal (receive)
Time constant PD for noise (receive)
Time constant PD for signal (receive)
Time constant LP2 for noise (transmit)
Time constant LP2 for signal (transmit)
Time constant PD for noise (transmit)
Time constant PD for signal (transmit)
Address Mnemonic Description
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Detalled Register Description
Data Sheet 226 2001-03-07
F0H
F1H
F2H
F3H
F4H
F5H
F6H
F7H
AGIX
NOISX
TMLX
TMHX
AGX
AAX
COMX
LGAX
Initial AGC gain transm it
Threshold for AGC-reduction by background noise
Settling time constant for lower levels
Settling time constant for higher levels
Gain range of automatic control
Attenuation range of automatic control
Compare level rel. to max. PCM-valu e
Loudness gain adjustment
F8H
F9H
FAH
FBH
FCH
FDH
FEH
FFH
AGIR
NOISR
TMLR
TMHR
AGR
AAR
COMR
LGAR
Initial AGC attenuation/gain receive
Threshold for AGC-reduction by background noise
Settling time constant for lower levels
Settling time constant for higher lower levels
Gain range of automatic control
Attenuation range of automatic control
Compare level rel. to max. PCM-valu e
Loudness gain adjustment
Address Mnemonic Description
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Electrical Characteristics
Data Sheet 227 2001-03-07
8 Electrical Characterist ics
8.1 Electrical Characteristics (general)
Note: Stresses above those listed here may cause permanent damage to the device.
Exposure to absol ute maxi mum r ati ng con di tio ns for exte nded per io ds ma y affect
device reliability.
Maximum ratings are absolute ratings; exceeding only one of these values may
cause irreversible damage to the integrated circuit.
8.1.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit
min. max.
Storage temperature TSTG – 65 150 °C
Input/output voltage on any pin
with respect to ground VS– 0.3 VDD + 0.3 V
Maximum voltage on any pin
with respect to ground Vmax 7V
8.1.2 DC-Characteristics
VDD = 5 V ± 5 % or 3.3 V ± 5 %, VSS = 0 V; TA = 0 to 70 °C
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Test Condition
min. typ. max.
H-input level
(except pin XTAL1) VIH 2.0 VDD +
0.3 V
L-input level
(except pin XTAL1) VIL – 0.3 0.8 V
H-output level
(except pin XTAL2) VOH 2.4 V IO = -400 µA
L-output level
(except pin XTAL2, DU,
DD)
VOL 0.45 V IO = 2 mA
L-output level
(pins DU,DD) VOL 0.45 V IO = 7m A
H-input level
(pin XTAL1) VIH VDD-
0.5 VDD V
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Electrical Characteristics
Data Sheet 228 2001-03-07
8.1.3 Capacitances
VDD = 5 V ± 5 %, 3.3 V ± 5 %, VSS = 0 V; TA = 0 to 70 °C; fc = 1 MHz; unmeasured pins
grounded.
L-input level
(pin XTAL1) VIL 00.4V
Input leakage current
Output leakage current
(all pins except
SX1,2,SR1,2,XTAL1,2
BGREF, Vref)
ILI
ILO
-1
-1 1
1µA
µA0V< VIN<VDD
0V< VOUT<VDD
Table 26
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Remarks
min. max.
Input Capacitance
I/O Capacitance CIN
CI/O
7
7pF
pF All pins except LIa and LIb
Output Capacitance
against VSS
COUT 25 pF pins LIa, LIb
Load Capacitance CL60 pF pins XTAL1,2
8.1.2 DC-Characteristics (cont’d)
VDD = 5 V ± 5 % or 3.3 V ± 5 %, VSS = 0 V; TA = 0 to 70 °C
Parameter Symbol Li mit Values Unit Test Condition
min. typ. max.
PSB 21391
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Electrical Characteristics
Data Sheet 229 2001-03-07
8.1.4 Oscillator Specification
Recommended Oscillator Circuit
Figure 83
Oscillator Circuit
Crystal Specification
Note: The load capacitance CL depends on the recommendation of the crystal
specific ation. Typical va lue s for CL are 22...33 pF.
XTAL1 Clock Characteristics (external oscillator input)
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit
Frequency f 15.36 MHz
Frequency calibration tolerance max. 100 ppm
Load capacitance C Lmax. 40 pF
Oscillator mode fundamental
Resistance R1 max. 50 Ω
Parameter Limit Values
min. max.
Duty cycle 2:3 3:2
ITS09659
7.68 MHz
XTAL1
XTAL2 XTAL2
XTAL1
N.C.
Oscillator
External
Signal
Crystal Oscillator Mode Driving from External Source
42
4141
42
pF33
33
pF
C
L
L
C
15.36 MHz
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Electrical Characteristics
Data Sheet 230 2001-03-07
8.1.5 AC Characteristics
VDD = 5 V ± 5 % or 3.3 V ± 5 %, VSS = 0 V; TA = 0 to 70 °C
Inputs are driven to 2.4 V for a logical "1" and to 0.45 V for a logical "0". Timing
measurements are made at 2.0 V for a logical "1" and 0.8 V for a logical "0". The AC
testing input/output waveforms are shown in figure 84.
Figure 84
Input/Output Waveform for AC Tests
ITS09660
= 100
Load
C
Test
Under
Device
0.45
2.4 2.0
0.80.8
2.0 Test Points
pF
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Electrical Characteristics
Data Sheet 231 2001-03-07
8.1.6 IOM-2 Interface Timing
Figure 85
IOM® Timing
BCL (0)
SDS1/2
DU/DD (0)
DU/DD (I)
DCL (0)
FSC (0)
t
IIS
t
IIH
t
FSD
t
IOD
t
SDD
t
BCD
t
BCD
ITD09663.vsd
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Electrical Characteristics
Data Sheet 232 2001-03-07
DCL Clock Characteristics
Figure 86
Definition of Clock Period and Width
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit
min. typ. max.
IOM output data delay tIOD 100 ns
IOM input data setup tIIS 20 ns
IOM input data hold tIIH 20 ns
FSC strobe delay tFSD -130 ns
Strobe signal delay tSDD 120 ns
BCL / FSC delay tBCD 100 ns
Frame sync setup tFSS 50 ns
Frame sync hold tFSH 30 ns
Frame sync width tFSW 40 ns
Symbol Limit Values Unit Test Condition
min. typ. max.
tPO 585 651 717 ns osc ± 100 ppm
tWHO 260 325 391 ns osc ± 100 ppm
tWLO 260 325 391 ns osc ± 100 ppm
0.9 VDD
0.1 VDD
PSB 21391
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Electrical Characteristics
Data Sheet 233 2001-03-07
8.1.7 Microcontroller Interface Timing
8.1.7.1 Serial Control Interface (SCI) Timing
Figure 87
SCI Interface
Parameter
SCI Interface Symbol Limit values Unit
Min Max
SCLK cycle time t1500 ns
SCLK high time t2 100 ns
SCLK low time t3 100 ns
CS setup time t4 0ns
CS hold time t510 ns
SDR setup time t6 40 ns
SDR hold time t7 40 ns
SDX data out delay t8 80 ns
CS high to SDX tristate t940 ns
SCLK to SDX active t10 80 ns
CS
SCLK
SDR
SDX
t4t2t3
t1
t10
t9
t5
t6t7
t8
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Electrical Characteristics
Data Sheet 234 2001-03-07
8.1.8 Reset
8.1.9 Undervoltage Detection Characteristics
Figure 88
Undervo l tage Control Timing
Table 27
Reset Signal Characteristics
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Test Conditions
min.
Length of active
low state tRST 4 ms Power On/Power Down
to Power Up (Standby)
2 x DCL
clock cycles During Power Up (Standby)
PSB 21391
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Electrical Characteristics
Data Sheet 235 2001-03-07
VDD = 5 V ± 5 % or 3.3 V ± 5 %, VSS = 0 V; TA = 0 to 70 °C
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Test Condition
min. typ. max.
Detection Threshold VDET 2.7 2.8 2.9 V VDD= 3.3V ± 5 %
Detection Threshold VDET 4.2 4.35 4.5 V VDD= 5V ± 5 %
Hysteresis VHys VDD/40 VDD/35 VDD/30 V
Max. rising/falling VDD
edge for activation/
deactivation
dVDD/dt 0.1 V/µs
Min. operating voltage VDDmin 1.5 V
Delay for activation
of RST tACT 10 µs
Delay for deactivation
of RST tDEACT 56 ms
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Electrical Characteristics
Data Sheet 236 2001-03-07
8.2 Electrical Characteristics (Transceiver)
DC Characteristics
VDD = 3.3 V ± 5 %, VSS = 0 V; TA = 0 to 70 °C
Parameter Symbol Li mit Values Unit Test Condition
min. typ. max.
Power supply current-
power-u p (after reset) IDUAR 6mA
Power supply current-
power down IDPD 1.2 mA
Power supply current-
Tranceiver active,
sending continous
pulses
IDTCP 9 mA 100 Ohms load on
the line
Power supply current-
Tranceiver active,
sending single pulses
IDTSP 8 mA 100 Ohms load on
the line
Power supply current-
codec powered up IDCPU 7mA
Power supply current-
tone generation active
(single tone generated)
IDTG 19 mA -18.5 dB
amplification
50 Ohms load
DC Characteristics
VDD = 5 V ± 5 % , VSS = 0 V; TA = 0 to 70 °C
Parameter Symbol Li mit Values Unit Test Condition
min. typ. max.
Power supply current-
power-u p (after reset) IDUAR 6.5 mA
Power supply current-
power down IDPD 1.4 mA
Power supply current-
Tranceiver active,
sending continous
pulses
IDTCP 21.0 mA 100 Ohms load on
the line
PSB 21391
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Electrical Characteristics
Data Sheet 237 2001-03-07
x
Power supply current-
Tranceiver active,
sending single pulses
IDTSP 10.5 mA 100 Ohms load on
the line
Power supply current-
codec powered up IDCPU 9.0 mA
Power supply current-
tone generation active
(single tone generated)
IDTG 27.0 mA -18.5 dB
amplification
50 Ohms load
DC Characteristics
VDD = 5 V ± 5 % or 3.3 V ± 5 %, VSS = 0 V; TA = 0 to 70 °C
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Test Condition Remarks
min max
Transmitter
output
impedance
ZX10 30 ΩIOUT = 40mA LIa, LIb
Receiver
input
impedance
ZR20 kΩTransmitter inact ive LIa, LIb
single
ended
DC Characteristics (cont’d)
VDD = 5 V ± 5 % , VSS = 0 V; TA = 0 to 70 °C
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Test Condition
min. typ. max.
PSB 21391
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Electrical Characteristics
Data Sheet 238 2001-03-07
8.3 Electrical Characteristics (Codec)
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Note: Operating power dissipation is measured with all analog outputs open.
All analog inputs are set to VREF.
The digital input signal (pin DD) is set to an idle code.
8.3.1 DC Characteristics
VDD = 3.3 V ± 5 %, VSS = 0 V; TA = 0 to 70 °C
Parameter Symbol Li mit Values Unit Test Condition
min. typ. max.
Power supply current in
Emergency Ringing
Mode (AFE)
Handset Mode (AFE)
Speakerphone Mode
(AFE)
Loudheari ng Mode
(AFE)
ITR
IHS
ISP
ILH
9
10
11
13
mA
mA
mA
mA
fTR = 400 Hz square
wave; ALS = -3.5dB
VDD = 5 V ± 5 %, VSS = 0 V; TA = 0 to 70 °C
Parameter Symbol Li mit Values Unit Test Condition
min. typ. max.
Power supply current in
Emergency Ringing
Mode (AFE)
Handset Mode (AFE)
Speakerphone Mode
(AFE)
Loudheari ng Mode
(AFE)
ITR
IHS
ISP
ILH
12
13
14
16
mA
mA
mA
mA
fTR = 400 Hz square
wave; ALS = -3.5dB
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Electrical Characteristics
Data Sheet 239 2001-03-07
Tr ansm ission Ch aracteristics
VDD = 5 V ± 5 % or 3.3 V ± 5 %, VSS = 0 V; TA = 0 to 70 °C
Parameter Limit Values Unit Test Condition
min. max.
Overall programming range
(With specified transmission
characteristics) – 21.5
–21.5
0
0
11.5
2.5
36
24
dB
dB
dB
dB
Receive:
loudspeaker
earpiece
Transmit:
differe nti al inp uts
single ended input
Programmable AFE gain – 0.5
– 1.0 0.5
1.0 dB
dB step accuracy
overall accuracy
Attenuation Distortion
@ 0 dBm0 0
– 0.25
– 0.25
– 0.25
– 0.25
0
0.25
0.45
0.9
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
< 200 Hz
200 – 300 Hz
300 – 2400 Hz
2400 – 3000 Hz
3000 – 3400 Hz
> 3400 Hz
Out-of-band signals – 35
– 45
– 45
– 65
– 35
– 40
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
receive (TGSR.ERA=0):
4.6 kHz
8.0 kHz
receive(TGSR.ERA=1):
4.6 kHz
8.0 kHz
transmit:
4.6 kHz
8.0 kHz
Group delay distortion
@ 0 dBm0 1) 750
380
130
750
µs
µs
µs
µs
TGSR.ERA=0
500 – 600 Hz
600 – 1000 Hz
1000 – 2600 Hz
2600 – 2800 Hz
Signal-to -tot al distortion
(method 2, sinewave 1kHz) 35
29
24
dB
dB
dB
0 to – 30 dBm0
– 40 dBm0
– 45 dBm0
Gain tracking
(method 2)
@ – 10 dBm0
– 0.3
– 0.6
– 1.6
0.3
0.6
1.6
dB
dB
dB
3 to – 40 dBm0
– 40 to – 50 dBm0
– 50 to – 55 dBm0
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Electrical Characteristics
Data Sheet 240 2001-03-07
8.3.2 Analog Front End Input Characteristics
VDD = 5 V ± 5 % or 3.3 V ± 5 %, VSS = 0 V; TA = 0 to 70 °C
Idle-channel noise – 75
– 66 dBm0
dBm0 receive (A-Law; Psoph.)
transmit (A-Law; Psoph.)
Cross-talk – 66 dB Reference: 0 dBm0
1) Delay measurements include delays through the A/D and D/A with all features filters FX, GX, FR and GR
disabled.
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Test Condition
min. typ max.
AMI-input impedance ZAMI 12.5 15 kΩ300 – 3400 Hz
AMI-input voltage swing
with specified transmission
characteristics
VAMI 19
38 mVp
mVp 36 dB; VDD=3.3V
36 dB; VDD=5V
VAMI_dif 1.2
2.4 Vp
Vp
differential;
0 dB; VDD=3.3V
0 dB; VDD=5V
VAMI_single 0.75
1.67 Vp
Vp
single ended;
0 dB; VDD=3.3V
0 dB; VDD=5V
8.3.3 Analog Front End Output Characteristics
VDD = 5 V ± 5 % or 3.3 V ± 5 %, VSS = 0 V; TA = 0 to 70 °C
AHO-output im pedan ce ZAHO 2Ω300 – 3400 Hz
ALS-output impedance ZALS 2Ω300 – 3400 Hz
VREF output impedance ZVREF 710ΩLoad measured
from VREF to VSSA
VREF output voltage VVREF 2.25 2.4 2.55 V IVREF = – 2 mA
BGREF output impedance ZBGREF 200 300 400 kΩ
Transmission Characteristics (cont’d)
VDD = 5 V ± 5 % or 3.3 V ± 5 %, VSS = 0 V; TA = 0 to 70 °C
Parameter Limit Values Unit Test Condition
min. max.
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Electrical Characteristics
Data Sheet 241 2001-03-07
The maximum output voltage swing corresponds to the maximum incoming PCM-code
(± 127)
VDD = 5V ± 5 %
AHO-output voltage swing VAHO 3.2 Vpk Load (200Ω)
measured from
HOP to HON
ALS-output voltage swing VALS 3.2 Vpk Load (50Ω)
measured from
LSP to LSN
VDD = 3.3 V ± 5 %
AHO-output voltage swing VAHO 1.6 Vpk Load (200Ω)
measured from
HOP to HON
ALS-output voltage swing VALS 1.6 Vpk Load (25Ω)
measured from
LSP to LSN
Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Test Condition
min. typ max.
PSB 21391
PSB 21393
Package Outlines
Data Sheet 242 2001-03-07
9 Package Outlines
P-MQFP-44-1 (SMD)
(Plastic Metric Quad Flat Package)
GPM05622
Sorts of Packing
Package outlines for tubes, trays etc. are contained in our
Data Book “Package Information”.Dimensions in mm
SMD = Surfac e Moun ted Device
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