Complete PWM Power Control Circuitry Uncommitted Outputs for 200-mA Sink or Source Current @ Output Control Selects Single-Ended or Push-Puil Operation @ Internal Circuitry Prohibits Double Pulse at Either Output @ Variable Dead-Time Provides Control over TL493, TL494, TL495 PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS AMP 1 ne NONINV INPUT 02535, JANUARY 1983REVISED OCTOBER 1988 TL493C ... D OR N PACKAGE {TOP VIEW) + Oye) NONINV mur INVINPUTC}2 1s[JINV INPUT LIMIT AMP FEEDBACK[J3 = 14 JREF OUT DEAD-TIME CONTROL[J4 13 JOUTPUT CONTROL Crs 121Vcc Rye =f c2 GND[]7 10 JE2 8 TL494I, TL494C .. . D, J, OR N PACKAGE SJJE1 Total Range 2 @ Internal Regulator Provides a Stable 5-V (TOP VIEW) Reference Supply, 5% Sr NONNY INPUT(]1 Ciel] NONINV eur Ae INVINPUTEJ2 1sCJINV INPUT @ Circuit Architecture Allows Easy sack et, 1aL JREF OUT 7) Synchronization DEAD-TIME CONTROL[]4 13[ JOUTPUT CONTROL o CTs i2fVec it ont @ TL493 has Output Current-Limit Sensing Rte = =iifje2 Gno{]7 = 10f JE2 TL495 has On-Chip 39-V Zener and External cis of Jer & Control of Output Steering Cc d inti TL495C . .. N PACKAGE Q escription (TOP VIEW) The TL493, TL494, and TL495 each incorporate canon J Nonny inPUT[I) Uta] NONINV INPUT LERROR on a single monolithic chip all the functions AMP 1 INV INPUT(J2) 0 17[J INV INPUT AMP 2 required in the construction of a pulse-width- EA ae eembAcK 18 PREF OuT modulation control circuit. Designed primarily for DEAD-TIME CONT oA eAoarPUT CONTROL power supply control, these devices offer the R76 = 13[) STEERING INPUT systems engineer the flexibility to tailor the GND(]? ~~ 12) Vcc power supply control circuitry to his application. cis 111c2 Ei] _1.0f JE2 The TL493 contains an error amplifier, current- limiting amplifier, an on-chip adjustable DEVICE TYPES, SUFFIX VERSIONS, AND PACKAGES oscillator, a dead-time control comparator, pulse- steering control flip-flop, a 5-volt, 5%-precision TL493 | TL4a94 | TL495 regulator, and output-control circuits. TL49I * D,J,N . TL49C D,N D,J.N N The error amplifier exhibits a common-mode voltage range from 0.3 volts to Vcc 2 volts. *These combinations are not defined by this data sheet. The current-limit amplifier exhibits a common- mode voltage range from 0.3 volts to 3 volts FUNCTION TABLE with an offset voltage of approximately 80 INPUTS millivolts in series with the inverting input to ease STEERING circuit design requirements. The dead-time OUTPUT INPUT OUTPUT FUNCTION control comparator has a fixed offset that CONTROL | 71495 only) provides approximately 5% dead time when Vv; = 0 Open Single-ended or parallel output externally altered. The on-chip oscillator may be VI = Viet Open Normal push-pull operation bypassed by terminating RT (pin 6) to the VI = Vref v= 0 PWM Output at Q1 reference output and providing a sawtooth input Vi = Vref VI = Vref PWM Output at 02 to CT (pin 5), or it may be used to drive the common circuits in synchronous multiple-rail power supplies. PRODUCTION DATA focamonts contain information . Copyright 1983, Texas Instruments Incorporated current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications pa the arms of Texas jastrumonts u stan warranty. Production precessing does nat - necessarily include testing of il parameters. INST RUMENTS 2-123 POST OFFICE BOX 655012 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265HI TL493, TL494, TL495 PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS description (continued) The uncommited output transistors provide either common-emitter or emitter-follower output capability. Each device provides for push-pull or single-ended output operation, which may be selected through the output-control function. The architecture of these devices prohibits the possibility of either output being pulsed twice during push-pull operation. The TL493 and TL494 are similar except that an additional error amplifier is included in the TL494 instead of a current-limiting amplifier. The TL495 provides the identical functions found in the TL494. In addition, it contains an on-chip 39-volt diode for high-voltage applications where VCC is greater than 40 volts, and an output-steering control that overrides the internal control of the pulse-steering flip-flop. W The TL494I is characterized for operation from 25C to 85C. The TL493C, TL494C, and TL495C are characterized for operation from OC to 70C. functional block diagram - Come inpur. tO <a 7 | STEERING INPUT I OUTPUT CONTROL > TL495 ONLY (SEE FUNCTION TABLE) I {SEE FUNCTION TABLE} | | ! @ | Ii 1 a Rr L Ju J OSCILLATOR ee ct WA c1 DEAD-TIME CONTROL . COMPARATOR E1 DEAD Orv TIME it CONTROL c2 ERROR AMPLIFIER NONINVERTING PULSE-STEERING F2 INPUT FLIP-FLOP INVERTING _ INPUT ____ | ERROR AMPLIFIER p------- 5 NONINVERTING _| vi INPUT 1 I I ce INVERTING _! |) REFERENCE INPUT I | | REGULATOR VREF L744 AN i | FCORRENTLMT i | NONINVERTING | AMPLIFIER t we cup inven: i =0.08 V } ERTING + Vz INPUT] |_ 1495 ony _| FEEDBACK Exas WO 2-124 INSTRUMENTS POST OFFICE BOX 655012 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265TL493, TL494, TL495 PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted} TLag4t TL493C TL495C UNIT TLa94C Supply voltage, Vcc (see Note 1) 41 41 41 Vv Amplifier input voltage Veco +0.3 Vec+0.3 Vec+0.3 Vv Collector output voltage 41 41 41 v Collector output current 250 250 250 mA Continuous total dissipation See Dissipation Rating Table Operating free-air temperature range 25 to 85 0 to 70 Oto 70 C Storage temperature range 65 to 150 | 65 to 150} 65 to 150 c Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) NO from case for 60 seconds: J package 300 300 300 C non temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch} 260 260 260 c o rom case for 10 seconds: D or N package ~~ NOTE 1: All voltage values, except differential voltages, are with respect to the network ground terminal. $ = DISSIPATION RATING TABLE PACKAGE Ta = 285C DERATE Ta = 70C Ta = 85C < POWER RATING ABOVE Ta POWER RATING POWER RATING D 900 25C 608 mw 494 mw a J 1000 28C 656 mW 533 mw N 1000 41C 736 mW 598 mW recommended operating conditions TL493C TL4941 TL494C UNIT TL495C MIN MAX MIN MAX Supply voltage, Vcc 7 40 7 40 Vv Amplifier input voltages, Vj -0.3 Vec-2 -0.3 Veoc-2 v Collector output voltage, Vo 40 40 Vv Collector output current (each transistor) 200 200 mA Current into feedback terminal 0.3 0.3 mA Timing capacitor, Cy 0.47 10 000 0.47 10000 nF Timing resistor, RT 1.8 500 1.8 500 kQ Oscillator frequency 1 300 1 300 kHz Operating free-air temperature, Ta -25 85 oO 70 C TEXAS % 2-125 INSTRUMENTS POST OFFICE BOX 655012 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 |TL493, TL494, TL495 PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS electrical characteristics over recommended operating free-air temperature range, Vcc = 15 V, f = 10 kHz (unless otherwise noted) reference section TL493C TL494I, TL494C PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONST TLa96C UNIT MIN TYP? MAX Output voltage (Vref! Io = 1mA 4.75 5 5.25 Vv Input regulation Voc = 7V to 40V 2 25 mv Output regulation Io = 1 to 10 mA i 16 mV 2 Output voltage change ATA = MIN to MAX 0.2% 1% with temperature 0 Short-circuit output current Vref = 0 35 mA 2 oscillator section (see Figure 1) s w TL493C > PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TLAS4I, TLASAC UNIT oO TL4a95C @ MIN TYP? MAX n Frequency Cy = 0.01 gf, Rr = 12 kQ 10 kHz Standard deviation of frequency { All values of Vcc, CT. RT. and 10% Ta constant Frequency change with voltage Voc = 7 V to 40 V, Ta = 25 C 0.1% : Cr = 0.01 pF, Ry = 12 kQ, Frequency change with temperature # ATa, = MIN to MAX 1% amplifier sections (see Figure 2) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP? MAX UNIT Error 2 10 Input offset voltage Current-limit | Vo (pin 3} = 2.5 V 80 mV (TL493 only) Input offset current Vo (pin 3) = 2.5 V 25 250 nA Input bias current Vo (pin 3) = 2.5 V 0.2 1 pA -0.3 to Common-mode input Error Vec-2 Vv + Vcc = 7Vt0o40V voltage range Current limit -0.3t03 (TL493 only) Open-loop voltage Error 70 96 en Current-limit | AVgo = 3V,RL = 2k2 Vo = 0.5 Vto3.5V dB amplification 90 (TL493 only) Unity-gain bandwidth Vo = 0.5 V to 3.5 V RL = 2kQ 800 kHz Common-mode Error ad 80 oo. . Current-limit | AVo = 40 V, Ta = 25C dB rejection ratio 70 (TL493 only) Output sink current {pin 3) Vip = 15 mV to 5 V, Vipin 3) = 0.7 V 0.3 0.7 mA Output source current (pin 3) Vip = 15 mV to 5 V, Vipin 3) = 3.5 V -2 mA t For conditions shown as MIN or MAX, use the appropriate value specified under recommended operating conditions. +All typical values except for parameter changes with temperature are at Ta = 25C. N Duration of the short-circuit should not exceed one second. U (x_ - x2 {Standard deviation is a measure of the statistical distribution about the mean as derived from the formula o = n=1 #Temperature coefficient of timing capacitor and timing resistor not taken into account. N-1 4 2-126 EXAS INSTRUMENTS POST OFFICE BOX 655012 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265TL493, TL494, TL495 PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS electrical characteristics over recommended operating free-air temperature range, Vcc = 15 V, f = 10 kHz (unless otherwise noted) output section TL4a93C 494i, 9 PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TL494, TL494C UNIT TL495C MIN TYPT MAX Coltector off-state current Vce = 40 V, Vec = 40V 2 100 nA Emitter off-state current Voc = Vc = 40 V, Ve =0 - 100 BA Collector-emitter | Common-emitter Ve = 0, Ic = 200 mA 1.1 1.3 Vv saturation voltage | Emitter-follower Vo = 18 V, ig = 200 mA 1.5 2.5 W Output control input current Vi = Veet 3.5 mA ; : / dead-time control-section (see Figure 1) > PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX | UNIT 2 Input bias current {pin 4) Vi = Oto 5.25 V -2 -10 pA Maximum duty cycle, each output Vi (pin 4) = 0, Cy = 0.1 pF, RT = 12 ko 45% Zero duty cycle 3 3.3 ~ Input threshold volta: in 4 mp reshold voltage (pin 4) Maximum duty cycle Go v a pwm comparator section (see Figure 1) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TyYPt MAX | UNIT Input threshold voltage (pin 3) Zero duty cycle 4 4.5 Vv Input sink current (pin 3) Vipin 3) = 0.7 V 0.3 0.7 mA steering contro! (TL495 only) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN MAX | UNIT Input Vy = 0.4V - 200 A Nput curren Pur curr v= 24V 200 | * zener-diode circuit (TL495 only) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN Tyet MAX | UNIT Breakdown voltage Voc = 41V, IZ =2mA 39 Vv Sink current Viipin 15) = 1V 0.3 mA total device PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYPt MAX | UNIT Pin 6 at Vref. Vee = 15 V 6 10 db I t A Standby supply curren All other inputs and outputs open Vec = 40V 9 15 m Average supply current Vitpin 4) = 2, See Figure 1 7.5 mA switching characteristics, Ta = 25C PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TyPt MAX | UNIT Output voltage rise time Common-emitter configuration, 100 200 ns Output voltage fall time See Figure 3 25 100 ns Output voltage rise time Emitter-follower configuration, 100 200 ns Output voltage fall time See Figure 4 40 100 ns Tat typical values except for temperature coefficient are at Ta = 25C. i i EXAS 2-127 NSTRUMENTS POST OFFICE BOX 655012 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265TL493, TL494, TL495 PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS | PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION Vec= 15 V 150.2 $1502 2w 2 2w Vec _--} DEAD-TIME c1 OUTPUT 1 TEST INPUTS e + | FEEDBACK Yi 12 ka Ry c2 OUTPUT 2 >t cr E2r. 0 = 0.01 pF (+) STEERING (OPEN) 2 () CONTROL ONLY sy io (+) ERROR Vz (OPEN) 0 > OUTPUT Cor @ 50 ka CONTROL @ o GND T TEST CIRCUIT VOLTAGE ATC! VOLTAGE AT C2 VOLTAGE AT Cy DEAD-TIME THRESHOLD VOLTAGE > CONTROL I INPUT 1 1 ov j 1 | 1 THRESHOLD VOLTAGE = \ \ FEEDBACK ' i oI \ 0.7V + | faom}- MAX [at- 0% -o> : DUTY CYCLE 0% VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS FIGURE 1. OPERATIONAL TEST CIRCUIT AND WAVEFORMS 2-128 I E NSTRUMENTS POST OFFICE BOX 655012 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265TL493, TL494, TL495 PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION AMPLIFIER UNDER TEST FEEDBACK TERMINAL OTHER AMPLIFIER FIGURE 2. AMPLIFIER CHARACTERISTICS | (EACH OUTPUT ! " | ) circuit) Jeo}, , OUTPUT | L Cy = 15 pF [ {includes probe and jig capacitance) TEST CIRCUIT OUTPUT VOLTAGE WAVEFORM FIGURE 3. COMMON-EMITTER CONFIGURATION 15 Vv 7 | (EACH OUTPUT | ; CIRCUIT) i | | | t ( -- | | | | I ! OUTPUT 1 | i | 682 L--~-~- L_LL a . C_=16 pF Th 2Ww (includes probe and iia i ~ + TEST CIRCUIT OUTPUT VOLTAGE WAVEFORM FIGURE 4, EMITTER-FOLLOWER CONFIGURATION Data Sheets | ExAs INSTRUMENTS POST OFFICE BOX 655012 + DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 2-129TL493, TL494, TL495 PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY AND FREQUENCY VARIATIONT vs TIMING RESISTANCE 100 k cc = 15 40 k Ta = 25C N z 10k 06% YW z 4k : <A < o 5 oO 1k ue 2 400 & 5 9 2 6 100 3 40 Pa n 10 1k 4k 10k 40k 100k 400k1M RTTiming Resistance-2 FIGURE 5 AMPLIFIER VOLTAGE AMPLIFICATION vs FREQUENCY 100 Vec = 15 V 90 AVo = 3V Ta = 25C m= 80 an] & 70 2 = a 50 E < 2 3 = 30 > 20 oO 1 10 100 1k 10k 1M fFrequency Hz FIGURE 6 t Frequency variation (Af) is the change in oscillator frequency that occurs over the full temperature range. 9-130 TEXAS 4 INSTRUMENTS POST OFFICE BOX 655012 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265