Si 7 0 2 1 - A20 I 2 C H UMIDITY A N D TEMPERATURE S ENSOR Features Precision Relative Humidity Sensor 3% RH (max), 0-80% RH High Accuracy Temperature Sensor 0.4 C (max), -10 to 85 C 0 to 100% RH operating range Up to -40 to +125 C operating range Wide operating voltage (1.9 to 3.6 V) Low Power Consumption 150 A active current 60 nA standby current Factory-calibrated I2C Interface Integrated on-chip heater 3x3 mm DFN Package Excellent long term stability Optional factory-installed cover Low-profile Protection during reflow Excludes liquids and particulates Ordering Information: See page 29. Applications HVAC/R Thermostats/humidistats Respiratory therapy White goods Indoor weather stations Pin Assignments Micro-environments/data centers Automotive climate control and defogging Asset and goods tracking Mobile phones and tablets Top View SDA 1 6 SCL GND 2 5 VDD DNC 3 4 DNC Description The Si7021 I2C Humidity and Temperature Sensor is a monolithic CMOS IC integrating humidity and temperature sensor elements, an analog-to-digital converter, signal processing, calibration data, and an I2C Interface. The patented use of industry-standard, low-K polymeric dielectrics for sensing humidity enables the construction of low-power, monolithic CMOS Sensor ICs with low drift and hysteresis, and excellent long term stability. The humidity and temperature sensors are factory-calibrated and the calibration data is stored in the on-chip non-volatile memory. This ensures that the sensors are fully interchangeable, with no recalibration or software changes required. Patent Protected. Patents pending The Si7021 is available in a 3x3 mm DFN package and is reflow solderable. It can be used as a hardware- and software-compatible drop-in upgrade for existing RH/ temperature sensors in 3x3 mm DFN-6 packages, featuring precision sensing over a wider range and lower power consumption. The optional factory-installed cover offers a low profile, convenient means of protecting the sensor during assembly (e.g., reflow soldering) and throughout the life of the product, excluding liquids (hydrophobic/oleophobic) and particulates. The Si7021 offers an accurate, low-power, factory-calibrated digital solution ideal for measuring humidity, dew-point, and temperature, in applications ranging from HVAC/R and asset tracking to industrial and consumer platforms. Rev. 1.2 8/16 Copyright (c) 2016 by Silicon Laboratories Si7021-A20 Si7021-A20 Functional Block Diagram Vdd Si7021 Humidity Sensor 1.25V Ref ADC Calibration Memory Control Logic Temp Sensor I2C Interface GND 2 Rev. 1.2 SDA SCL Si7021-A20 TABLE O F C ONTENTS Section Page 1. Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 2. Typical Application Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 3. Bill of Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 4. Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 4.1. Relative Humidity Sensor Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 4.2. Hysteresis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.3. Prolonged Exposure to High Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.4. PCB Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.5. Protecting the Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 4.6. Bake/Hydrate Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 4.7. Long Term Drift/Aging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 5. I2C Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 5.1. Issuing a Measurement Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 5.2. Reading and Writing User Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 5.3. Electronic Serial Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 5.4. Firmware Revision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 5.5. Heater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 6. Control Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 6.1. Register Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 7. Pin Descriptions: Si7021 (Top View) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 8. Ordering Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 9. Package Outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 9.1. Package Outline: 3x3 6-pin DFN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 9.2. Package Outline: 3x3 6-pin DFN with Protective Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 10. PCB Land Pattern and Solder Mask Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 11. Top Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 11.1. Si7021 Top Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 11.2. Top Marking Explanation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 12. Additional Reference Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Document Change List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 Rev. 1.2 3 Si7021-A20 1. Electrical Specifications Unless otherwise specified, all min/max specifications apply over the recommended operating conditions. Table 1. Recommended Operating Conditions Symbol Parameter Power Supply Test Condition VDD Min Typ Max Unit 1.9 -- 3.6 V Operating Temperature TA I and Y grade -40 -- +125 C Operating Temperature TA G grade -40 -- +85 C Table 2. General Specifications 1.9 < VDD < 3.6 V; TA = -40 to 85 C (G grade) or -40 to 125 C (I/Y grade); default conversion time unless otherwise noted. Parameter Symbol Test Condition Min Typ Max Unit Input Voltage High VIH SCL, SDA pins 0.7xVDD -- -- V Input Voltage Low VIL SCL, SDA pins -- -- 0.3xVDD V Input Voltage Range VIN SCL, SDA pins with respect to GND 0.0 -- VDD V Input Leakage IIL SCL, SDA pins -- -- 1 A VOL SDA pin; IOL = 2.5 mA; VDD = 3.3 V -- -- 0.6 V SDA pin; IOL = 1.2 mA; VDD = 1.9 V -- -- 0.4 V RH conversion in progress -- 150 180 A Temperature conversion in progress -- 90 120 A Output Voltage Low Current Consumption IDD Standby, -40 to +85 C2 Standby, -40 to +125 C -- 0.06 0.62 A 2 -- 0.06 3.8 A 3 -- 3.5 4.0 mA -- 3.5 4.0 mA -- 3.1 to 94.2 -- mA Peak IDD during powerup Peak IDD during I2C operations4 Heater Current 5 IHEAT Notes: 1. Initiating a RH measurement will also automatically initiate a temperature measurement. The total conversion time will be tCONV(RH) + tCONV(T). 2. No conversion or I2C transaction in progress. Typical values measured at 25 C. 3. Occurs once during powerup. Duration is <5 msec. 4. Occurs during I2C commands for Reset, Read/Write User Registers, Read EID, and Read Firmware Version. Duration is <100 s when I2C clock speed is >100 kHz (>200 kHz for 2-byte commands). 5. Additional current consumption when HTRE bit enabled. See Section "5.5. Heater" for more information. 4 Rev. 1.2 Si7021-A20 Table 2. General Specifications (Continued) 1.9 < VDD < 3.6 V; TA = -40 to 85 C (G grade) or -40 to 125 C (I/Y grade); default conversion time unless otherwise noted. Parameter Conversion Time1 Powerup Time Symbol Test Condition Min Typ Max tCONV 12-bit RH -- 10 12 11-bit RH -- 5.8 7 10-bit RH -- 3.7 4.5 8-bit RH -- 2.6 3.1 14-bit temperature -- 7 10.8 13-bit temperature -- 4 6.2 12-bit temperature -- 2.4 3.8 11-bit temperature -- 1.5 2.4 From VDD 1.9 V to ready for a conversion, 25 C -- 18 25 From VDD 1.9 V to ready for a conversion, full temperature range -- -- 80 After issuing a software reset command -- 5 15 tPU Unit ms ms Notes: 1. Initiating a RH measurement will also automatically initiate a temperature measurement. The total conversion time will be tCONV(RH) + tCONV(T). 2. No conversion or I2C transaction in progress. Typical values measured at 25 C. 3. Occurs once during powerup. Duration is <5 msec. 4. Occurs during I2C commands for Reset, Read/Write User Registers, Read EID, and Read Firmware Version. Duration is <100 s when I2C clock speed is >100 kHz (>200 kHz for 2-byte commands). 5. Additional current consumption when HTRE bit enabled. See Section "5.5. Heater" for more information. Table 3. I2C Interface Specifications1 1.9 VDD 3.6 V; TA = -40 to +85 C (G grade) or -40 to +125 C (I/Y grade) unless otherwise noted. Parameter Symbol Test Condition Min Typ Max Unit Hysteresis VHYS High-to-low versus low-tohigh transition 0.05 x VDD -- -- V SCLK Frequency2 fSCL -- -- 400 kHz SCL High Time tSKH 0.6 -- -- s SCL Low Time tSKL 1.3 -- -- s Start Hold Time tSTH 0.6 -- -- s Start Setup Time tSTS 0.6 -- -- s Notes: 1. All values are referenced to VIL and/or VIH. 2. Depending on the conversion command, the Si7021 may hold the master during the conversion (clock stretch). At above 100 kHz SCL, the Si7021 may also hold the master briefly for user register and device ID transactions. At the highest I2C speed of 400 kHz the stretching will be <50 s. 3. Pulses up to and including 50 ns will be suppressed. Rev. 1.2 5 Si7021-A20 Table 3. I2C Interface Specifications1 (Continued) 1.9 VDD 3.6 V; TA = -40 to +85 C (G grade) or -40 to +125 C (I/Y grade) unless otherwise noted. Parameter Symbol Test Condition Min Typ Max Unit 0.6 -- -- s 1.3 -- -- s Stop Setup Time tSPS Bus Free Time tBUF SDA Setup Time tDS 100 -- -- ns SDA Hold Time tDH 100 -- -- ns SDA Valid Time tVD;DAT From SCL low to data valid -- -- 0.9 s SDA Acknowledge Valid Time tVD;ACK From SCL low to data valid -- -- 0.9 s 50 -- -- ns Suppressed Pulse Width3 Between Stop and Start tSPS Notes: 1. All values are referenced to VIL and/or VIH. 2. Depending on the conversion command, the Si7021 may hold the master during the conversion (clock stretch). At above 100 kHz SCL, the Si7021 may also hold the master briefly for user register and device ID transactions. At the highest I2C speed of 400 kHz the stretching will be <50 s. 3. Pulses up to and including 50 ns will be suppressed. tSKH 1/fSCL tSKL tSP SCL tBUF tSTH tDS D6 SDA D5 tDH D4 D0 tSPS R/W ACK Start Bit Stop Bit tVD : ACK tSTS Figure 1. I2C Interface Timing Diagram 6 Rev. 1.2 Si7021-A20 Table 4. Humidity Sensor 1.9 VDD 3.6 V; TA = 30 C; default conversion time unless otherwise noted. Parameter Operating Accuracy Symbol Range1 2, 3 Test Condition Min Typ Max Unit Non-condensing 0 -- 100 %RH 0 - 80% RH -- 2 3 %RH 80 - 100% RH Repeatability/Noise See Figure 2. 12-bit resolution -- 0.025 -- 11-bit resolution -- 0.05 -- 10-bit resolution -- 0.1 -- 8-bit resolution -- 0.2 -- 1 m/s airflow, with cover -- 18 -- 1 m/s airflow, without cover -- 17 -- Drift vs. Temperature -- 0.05 -- %RH/C Hysteresis -- 1 -- %RH Long Term Stability3 -- < 0.25 -- %RH/yr Response Time4 63% %RH RMS S Notes: 1. Recommended humidity operating range is 20% to 80% RH (non-condensing) over -10 C to 60 C. Prolonged operation beyond these ranges may result in a shift of sensor reading, with slow recovery time. 2. Excludes hysteresis, long term drift, and certain other factors and is applicable to non-condensing environments only. See Section "4.1. Relative Humidity Sensor Accuracy" for more details. 3. Drift due to aging effects at typical room conditions of 30 C and 30% to 50% RH. May be impacted by dust, vaporized solvents or other contaminants, e.g., out-gassing tapes, adhesives, packaging materials, etc. See Section "4.7. Long Term Drift/Aging" . 4. Response time to a step change in RH. Time for the RH output to change by 63% of the total RH change. Rev. 1.2 7 Si7021-A20 Figure 2. RH Accuracy at 30 C 8 Rev. 1.2 Si7021-A20 Table 5. Temperature Sensor 1.9 VDD 3.6 V; TA = -40 to +85 C (G grade) or -40 to +125 C (I/Y grade) default conversion time, unless otherwise noted. Parameter Symbol Operating Range Accuracy1 Test Condition Min Typ Max Unit I and Y Grade -40 -- +125 C G Grade -40 -- +85 C -10 C< tA < 85 C -- 0.3 0.4 C -40 < tA < 125 C Repeatability/Noise Response Time2 63% Figure 3 14-bit resolution -- 0.01 -- 13-bit resolution -- 0.02 -- 12-bit resolution -- 0.04 -- 11-bit resolution -- 0.08 -- Unmounted device -- 0.7 -- Si7021-EB board -- 5.1 -- -- 0.01 -- Long Term Stability C RMS s C/Yr Notes: 1. 14b measurement resolution (default). 2. Time to reach 63% of final value in response to a step change in temperature. Actual response time will vary dependent on system thermal mass and air-flow. Figure 3. Temperature Accuracy* *Note: Applies only to I and Y grade devices beyond +85 C. Rev. 1.2 9 Si7021-A20 Table 6. Thermal Characteristics Parameter Symbol Test Condition DFN-6 Unit Junction to Air Thermal Resistance JA JEDEC 2-Layer board, No Airflow 256 C/W Junction to Air Thermal Resistance JA JEDEC 2-Layer board, 1 m/s Airflow 224 C/W Junction to Air Thermal Resistance JA JEDEC 2-Layer board, 2.5 m/s Airflow 205 C/W Junction to Case Thermal Resistance JC JEDEC 2-Layer board 22 C/W Junction to Board Thermal Resistance JB JEDEC 2-Layer board 134 C/W Table 7. Absolute Maximum Ratings1 Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Ambient temperature under bias -55 -- 125 C Storage Temperature2 -65 -- 150 C Voltage on I/O pins -0.3 -- VDD+0.3 V V Voltage on VDD with respect to GND -0.3 -- 4.2 V HBM -- -- 2 kV CDM -- -- 1.25 kV MM -- -- 250 V ESD Tolerance Symbol Test Condition Notes: 1. Absolute maximum ratings are stress ratings only, operation at or beyond these conditions is not implied and may shorten the life of the device or alter its performance. 2. Special handling considerations apply; see application note, "AN607: Si70xx Humidity Sensor Designer's Guide". 10 Rev. 1.2 Si7021-A20 2. Typical Application Circuits The primary function of the Si7021 is to measure relative humidity and temperature. Figure 4 demonstrates the typical application circuit to achieve these functions. 1.9 to 3.6V 0.1F 10k 10k 5 VDD Si7021 SCL 6 SDA 1 SCL SDA GND 2 Figure 4. Typical Application Circuit for Relative Humidity and Temperature Measurement Rev. 1.2 11 Si7021-A20 3. Bill of Materials Table 8. Typical Application Circuit BOM for Relative Humidity and Temperature Measurement 12 Reference Description Mfr Part Number Manufacturer R1 Resistor, 10 k, 5%, 1/16 W, 0603 CR0603-16W-103JT Venkel R2 Resistor, 10 k, 5%, 1/16 W, 0603 CR0603-16W-103JT Venkel C1 Capacitor, 0.1 F, 16 V, X7R, 0603 C0603X7R160-104M Venkel U1 IC, Digital Temperature/humidity Sensor Si7021-A20-GM Silicon Labs Rev. 1.2 Si7021-A20 4. Functional Description Vdd Si7021 Humidity Sensor 1.25V Ref ADC Calibration Memory Control Logic Temp Sensor I2C Interface SDA SCL GND Figure 5. Si7021 Block Diagram The Si7021 is a digital relative humidity and temperature sensor that integrates temperature and humidity sensor elements, an analog-to-digital converter, signal processing, calibration, polynomial non-linearity correction, and an I2C interface all in a single chip. The Si7021 is individually factory-calibrated for both temperature and humidity, with the calibration data stored in on-chip non-volatile memory. This ensures that the sensor is fully interchangeable, with no recalibration or changes to software required. Patented use of industry-standard CMOS and low-K dielectrics as a sensor enables the Si7021 to achieve excellent long term stability and immunity to contaminants with low drift and hysteresis. The Si7021 offers a low-power, high-accuracy, calibrated and stable solution ideal for a wide range of temperature, humidity, and dew-point applications including medical and instrumentation, high-reliability automotive and industrial systems, and cost-sensitive consumer electronics. While the Si7021 is largely a conventional mixed-signal CMOS integrated circuit, relative humidity sensors in general and those based on capacitive sensing using polymeric dielectrics have unique application and use requirements that are not common to conventional (non-sensor) ICs. Chief among those are: The need to protect the sensor during board assembly, i.e., solder reflow, and the need to subsequently rehydrate the sensor. The need to protect the senor from damage or contamination during the product life-cycle. The impact of prolonged exposure to extremes of temperature and/or humidity and their potential effect on sensor accuracy. The effects of humidity sensor "memory". Each of these items is discussed in more detail in the following sections. Rev. 1.2 13 Si7021-A20 4.1. Relative Humidity Sensor Accuracy To determine the accuracy of a relative humidity sensor, it is placed in a temperature and humidity controlled chamber. The temperature is set to a convenient fixed value (typically 25-30 C) and the relative humidity is swept from 20 to 80% and back to 20% in the following steps: 20% - 40% - 60% - 80% - 80% - 60% - 40% - 20%. At each set-point, the chamber is allowed to settle for a period of 60 minutes before a reading is taken from the sensor. Prior to the sweep, the device is allowed to stabilize to 50%RH. The solid trace in Figure 6, "Measuring Sensor Accuracy Including Hysteresis," shows the result of a typical sweep. Figure 6. Measuring Sensor Accuracy Including Hysteresis The RH accuracy is defined as the dotted line shown in Figure 6, which is the average of the two data points at each relative humidity set-point. In this case, the sensor shows an accuracy of 0.25%RH. The Si7021 accuracy specification (Table 4) includes: Unit-to-unit and lot-to-lot variation of factory calibration Margin for shifts that can occur during solder reflow The accuracy specification does not include: Accuracy Hysteresis (typically 1%) from long term exposure to very humid conditions Contamination of the sensor by particulates, chemicals, etc. Other aging related shifts ("Long-term stability") Variations due to temperature (see Drift vs. Temperature in Table 4). RH readings will typically vary with temperature by less than 0.05% C. Effects 14 Rev. 1.2 Si7021-A20 4.2. Hysteresis The moisture absorbent film (polymeric dielectric) of the humidity sensor will carry a memory of its exposure history, particularly its recent or extreme exposure history. A sensor exposed to relatively low humidity will carry a negative offset relative to the factory calibration, and a sensor exposed to relatively high humidity will carry a positive offset relative to the factory calibration. This factor causes a hysteresis effect illustrated by the solid trace in Figure 6. The hysteresis value is the difference in %RH between the maximum absolute error on the decreasing humidity ramp and the maximum absolute error on the increasing humidity ramp at a single relative humidity setpoint and is expressed as a bipolar quantity relative to the average error (dashed trace). In the example of Figure 6, the measurement uncertainty due to the hysteresis effect is 1.0%RH. 4.3. Prolonged Exposure to High Humidity Prolonged exposure to high humidity will result in a gradual upward drift of the RH reading. The shift in sensor reading resulting from this drift will generally disappear slowly under normal ambient conditions. The amount of shift is proportional to the magnitude of relative humidity and the length of exposure. In the case of lengthy exposure to high humidity, some of the resulting shift may persist indefinitely under typical conditions. It is generally possible to substantially reverse this affect by baking the device (see Section "4.6. Bake/Hydrate Procedure" ). 4.4. PCB Assembly 4.4.1. Soldering Like most ICs, Si7021 devices are shipped from the factory vacuum-packed with an enclosed desiccant to avoid any RH accuracy drift during storage and to prevent any moisture-related issues during solder reflow. The following guidelines should be observed during PCB assembly: Si7021 devices are compatible with standard board assembly processes. Devices should be soldered using reflow per the recommended card reflow profile. See Section "10. PCB Land Pattern and Solder Mask Design" for the recommended card reflow profile. A "no clean" solder process is recommended to minimize the need for water or solvent rinses after soldering. Cleaning after soldering is possible, but must be done carefully to avoid impacting the performance of the sensor. See "AN607: Si70xx Humidity Sensor Designer's Guide" for more information on cleaning. It is essential that the exposed polymer sensing film be kept clean and undamaged. This can be accomplished by careful handling and a clean, well-controlled assembly process. When in doubt or for extra protection, a heat-resistant, protective cover such as KaptonTM KPPD-1/8 polyimide tape can be installed during PCB assembly. Si7021s may be ordered with a factory-fitted, solder-resistant protective cover. This cover provides protection during PCB assembly or rework but without the time and effort required to install and remove the Kapton tape. It can be left in place for the lifetime of the product, preventing liquids, dust or other contaminants from coming into contact with the polymer sensor film. See Section "8. Ordering Guide" for a list of ordering part numbers that include the cover. Rev. 1.2 15 Si7021-A20 4.4.2. Rehydration The measured humidity value will generally shift slightly after solder reflow. A portion of this shift is permanent and is accounted for in the accuracy specifications in Table 4. After soldering, an Si7021 should be allowed to equilibrate under controlled RH conditions (room temperature, 45-55%RH) for at least 48 hours to eliminate the remainder of the shift and return the device to its specified accuracy performance. 4.4.3. Rework To maintain the specified sensor performance, care must be taken during rework to minimize the exposure of the device to excessive heat and to avoid damage/contamination or a shift in the sensor reading due to liquids, solder flux, etc. Manual touch-up using a soldering iron is permissible under the following guidelines: The exposed polymer sensing film must be kept clean and undamaged. A protective cover is recommended during any rework operation (Kapton(R) tape or the factory installed cover). Flux must not be allowed to contaminate the sensor; liquid flux is not recommended even with a cover in place. Conventional lead-free solder with rosin core is acceptable for touch-up as long as a cover is in place during the rework. If possible, avoid water or solvent rinses after touch-up. Cleaning after soldering is possible, but must be done carefully to avoid impacting the performance of the sensor. See AN607 for more information on cleaning. Minimize the heating of the device. Soldering iron temperatures should not exceed 350 C and the contact time per pin should not exceed five seconds. Hot air rework is not recommended. If a device must be replaced, remove the device by hot air and solder a new part in its place by reflow following the guidelines above. *Note: All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Figure 7. Si7021 with Factory-Installed Protective Cover 16 Rev. 1.2 Si7021-A20 4.5. Protecting the Sensor Because the sensor operates on the principal of measuring a change in capacitance, any changes to the dielectric constant of the polymer film will be detected as a change in relative humidity. Therefore, it is important to minimize the probability of contaminants coming into contact with the sensor. Dust and other particles as well as liquids can affect the RH reading. It is recommended that a cover is employed in the end system that blocks contaminants but allows water vapor to pass through. Depending on the needs of the application, this can be as simple as plastic or metallic gauze for basic protection against particulates or something more sophisticated such as a hydrophobic membrane providing up to IP67 compliant protection. The Si7021 may be ordered with a factory-fitted, solder-resistant cover that can be left in place for the lifetime of the product. It is very low-profile, hydrophobic and oleophobic. See Section "8. Ordering Guide" for a list of ordering part numbers that include the cover. A dimensioned drawing of the IC with the cover is included in Section "9. Package Outline" . Other characteristics of the cover are listed in Table 9. Table 9. Specifications of Protective Cover Parameter Value Material PTFE Operating Temperature -40 to 125 C Maximum Reflow Temperature IP Rating (per IEC 529) 260 C IP67 4.6. Bake/Hydrate Procedure After exposure to extremes of temperature and/or humidity for prolonged periods, the polymer sensor film can become either very dry or very wet, in each case the result is either high or low relative humidity readings. Under normal operating conditions, the induced error will diminish over time. From a very dry condition, such as after shipment and soldering, the error will diminish over a few days at typical controlled ambient conditions, e.g., 48 hours of 45 %RH 55. However, from a very wet condition, recovery may take significantly longer. To accelerate recovery from a wet condition, a bake and hydrate cycle can be implemented. This operation consists of the following steps: Baking the sensor at 125 C for 12 hours at 30 C in 75% RH for 10 hours Following this cycle, the sensor will return to normal operation in typical ambient conditions after a few days. Hydration 4.7. Long Term Drift/Aging Over long periods of time, the sensor readings may drift due to aging of the device. Standard accelerated life testing of the Si7021 has resulted in the specifications for long-term drift shown in Table 4 and Table 5. This contribution to the overall sensor accuracy accounts only for the long-term aging of the device in an otherwise benign operating environment and does not include the effects of damage, contamination, or exposure to extreme environmental conditions. Rev. 1.2 17 Si7021-A20 5. I2C Interface The Si7021 communicates with the host controller over a digital I2C interface. The 7-bit base slave address is 0x40. Table 10. I2C Slave Address Byte A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 R/W 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Master I2C devices communicate with the Si7021 using a command structure. The commands are listed in the I2C command table. Commands other than those documented below are undefined and should not be sent to the device. Table 11. I2C Command Table Command Description Command Code Measure Relative Humidity, Hold Master Mode 0xE5 Measure Relative Humidity, No Hold Master Mode 0xF5 Measure Temperature, Hold Master Mode 0xE3 Measure Temperature, No Hold Master Mode 0xF3 Read Temperature Value from Previous RH Measurement 0xE0 Reset 0xFE Write RH/T User Register 1 0xE6 Read RH/T User Register 1 0xE7 Write Heater Control Register 0x51 Read Heater Control Register 0x11 Read Electronic ID 1st Byte 0xFA 0x0F Read Electronic ID 2nd Byte 0xFC 0xC9 Read Firmware Revision 0x84 0xB8 18 Rev. 1.2 Si7021-A20 5.1. Issuing a Measurement Command The measurement commands instruct the Si7021 to perform one of two possible measurements; Relative Humidity or Temperature. The procedure to issue any one of these commands is identical. While the measurement is in progress, the option of either clock stretching (Hold Master Mode) or Not Acknowledging read requests (No Hold Master Mode) is available to indicate to the master that the measurement is in progress; the chosen command code determines which mode is used. Optionally, a checksum byte can be returned from the slave for use in checking for transmission errors. The checksum byte will follow the least significant measurement byte if it is acknowledged by the master. The checksum byte is not returned if the master "not acknowledges" the least significant measurement byte. The checksum byte is calculated using a CRC generator polynomial of x8 + x5 + x4 + 1, with an initialization of 0x00. The checksum byte is optional after initiating an RH or temperature measurement with commands 0xE5, 0xF5, 0xE3, and 0xF3. The checksum byte is required for reading the electronic ID with commands 0xFA 0x0F and 0xFC 0xC9. For all other commands, the checksum byte is not supported. Table 12. I2C Bit Descriptions Name Symbol Description START S SDA goes low while SCL high. STOP P SDA goes high while SCL high. Repeated START Sr SDA goes low while SCL high. It is allowable to generate a STOP before the repeated start. SDA can transition to high before or after SCL goes high in preparation for generating the START. READ R Read bit = 1 WRITE W Write bit = 0 All other bits -- SDA value must remain high or low during the entire time SCL is high (this is the set up and hold time in Figure 1). In the I2C sequence diagrams in the following sections, bits produced by the master and slave are color coded as shown: Master Slave Rev. 1.2 19 Si7021-A20 *Note: Device will NACK the slave address byte until conversion is complete. 20 Rev. 1.2 Si7021-A20 5.1.1. Measuring Relative Humidity Once a relative humidity measurement has been made, the results of the measurement may be converted to percent relative humidity by using the following expression: RH_Code %RH = 125 ---------------------------------------6 65536 Where: %RH is the measured relative humidity value in %RH RH_Code is the 16-bit word returned by the Si7021 A humidity measurement will always return XXXXXX10 in the LSB field. Due to normal variations in RH accuracy of the device as described in Table 4, it is possible for the measured value of %RH to be slightly less than 0 when the actual RH level is close to or equal to 0. Similarly, the measured value of %RH may be slightly greater than 100 when the actual RH level is close to or equal to 100. This is expected behavior, and it is acceptable to limit the range of RH results to 0 to 100%RH in the host software by truncating values that are slightly outside of this range. 5.1.2. Measuring Temperature Each time a relative humidity measurement is made a temperature measurement is also made for the purposes of temperature compensation of the relative humidity measurement. If the temperature value is required, it can be read using command 0xE0; this avoids having to perform a second temperature measurement. The measure temperature commands 0xE3 and 0xF3 will perform a temperature measurement and return the measurement value, command 0xE0 does not perform a measurement but returns the temperature value measured during the relative humidity measurement. The checksum output is not available with the 0xE0 command. SequencetoreadtemperaturevaluefrompreviousRHmeasurement S Slave Address W A A LSByte NA P 0xE0 A Sr Slave Address R A MSByte Rev. 1.2 21 Si7021-A20 The results of the temperature measurement may be converted to temperature in degrees Celsius (C) using the following expression: 175.72 Temp_Code- - 46.85 Temperature (C = ------------------------------------------------------65536 Where: Temperature (C) is the measured temperature value in C Temp_Code is the 16-bit word returned by the Si7021 A temperature measurement will always return XXXXXX00 in the LSB field. 22 Rev. 1.2 Si7021-A20 5.2. Reading and Writing User Registers There is one user register on the Si7021 that allows the user to set the configuration of the Si7021. The procedure for accessing that register is described below. The checksum byte is not supported after reading a user register. Sequence to read a register Slave S Address W A Read Reg Cmd A Slave Sr Address R A Read Data NA P Sequence to write a register S Slave Address W A Write Reg Cmd A Write Data A P 5.3. Electronic Serial Number The Si7021 provides a serial number individualized for each device that can be read via the I2C serial interface. Two I2C commands are required to access the device memory and retrieve the complete serial number. The command sequence, and format of the serial number response is described in the figure below: Master Slave First access: S Slave Address W ACK 0xFA ACK 0X0F ACK S Slave Address R ACK SNA_3 ACK CRC ACK SNA_2 ACK CRC ACK SNA_1 ACK CRC ACK SNA_0 ACK CRC NACK S Slave Address W ACK 0xFC ACK 0XC9 ACK S Slave Address R ACK SNB_3 ACK SNB_2 ACK CRC ACK SNB_1 ACK SNB_0 ACK CRC NACK P 2nd access: Rev. 1.2 P 23 Si7021-A20 The format of the complete serial number is 64-bits in length, divided into 8 data bytes. The complete serial number sequence is shown below: SNA_3 SNA_2 SNA_1 SNA_0 SNB_3 SNB_2 SNB_1 SNB_0 The SNB3 field contains the device identification to distinguish between the different Silicon Labs relative humidity and temperature devices. The value of this field maps to the following devices according to this table: 0x00 or 0xFF engineering samples 0x0D=13=Si7013 0x14=20=Si7020 0x15=21=Si7021 5.4. Firmware Revision The internal firmware revision can be read with the following I2C transaction: S Slave Address W A 0x84 R A A FWREV The values in this field are encoded as follows: 0xFF = Firmware version 1.0 0x20 = Firmware version 2.0 24 Rev. 1.2 0xB8 NA A P S Slave Address Si7021-A20 5.5. Heater The Si7021 contains an integrated resistive heating element that may be used to raise the temperature of the sensor. This element can be used to test the sensor, to drive off condensation, or to implement dew-point measurement when the Si7021 is used in conjunction with a separate temperature sensor such as another Si7021 (the heater will raise the temperature of the internal temperature sensor). The heater can be activated using HTRE, bit 2 in User Register 1. Turning on the heater will reduce the tendency of the humidity sensor to accumulate an offset due to "memory" of sustained high humidity conditions. Several different power levels are available. The various settings are adjusted using the Heater Control Register and are described in the following table. Table 13. Heater Control Settings HEATER[3:0] Typical Current Draw* (mA) 0000 3.09 0001 9.18 0010 15.24 ... ... 0100 27.39 ... ... 1000 51.69 ... ... 1111 94.20 *Note: Assumes VDD = 3.3 V. Rev. 1.2 25 Si7021-A20 6. Control Registers Table 14. Register Summary Register Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 User Register 1 RES1 VDDS RSVD RSVD RSVD HTRE RSVD RES0 Heater Control Register RSVD HEATER[3:0] Notes: 1. Any register not listed here is reserved and must not be written. The result of a read operation on these bits is undefined. 2. Except where noted, reserved register bits will always read back as "1," and are not affected by write operations. For future compatibiliy, it is recommended that prior to a write operation, registers should be read. Then the values read from the RSVD bits should be written back unchanged during the write operation. 6.1. Register Descriptions Register 1. User Register 1 Bit D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Name RES1 VDDS RSVD RSVD RSVD HTRE RSVD RES0 Type R/W R R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset Settings = 0011_1010 Bit Name D7; D0 RES[1:0] D6 VDDS Function Measurement Resolution: RH 00: 12 bit 01: 8 bit 10: 10 bit 11: 11 bit VDD Status: 0: 1: Temp 14 bit 12 bit 13 bit 11 bit VDD OK VDD Low The minimum recommended operating voltage is 1.9 V. A transition of the VDD status bit from 0 to 1 indicates that VDD is between 1.8 V and 1.9 V. If the VDD drops below 1.8 V, the device will no longer operate correctly. 26 D5, D4, D3 RSVD Reserved D2 HTRE 1 = On-chip Heater Enable 0 = On-chip Heater Disable D1 RSVD Reserved Rev. 1.2 Si7021-A20 Register 2. Heater Control Register Bit D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 Name RSVD Heater [3:0] Type R/W R/W D0 Reset Settings = 0000_0000 Bit D3:D0 Name HEATER[3:0] Function Heater Current D3 D2 D1 D0 0 0 0 0 3.09 mA 0 0 0 1 9.18 mA 0 0 1 0 15.24 mA 0 27.39 mA 0 51.69 mA 1 94.20 mA ... 0 1 0 ... 1 0 0 ... 1 D7,D6, D5,D4 RSVD 1 1 Reserved Rev. 1.2 27 Si7021-A20 7. Pin Descriptions: Si7021 (Top View) SDA 1 6 SCL GND 2 5 VDD DNC 3 4 DNC Pin Name Pin # SDA 1 I2C data GND 2 Ground. This pin is connected to ground on the circuit board through a trace. Do not connect directly to GND plane. VDD 5 Power. This pin is connected to power on the circuit board. SCL 6 I2C clock DNC 3,4 TGND Paddle 28 Pin Description These pins should be soldered to pads on the PCB for mechanical stability; they can be electrically floating or tied to VDD (do not tie to GND). This pad is connected to GND internally. This pad is the main thermal input to the onchip temperature sensor. The paddle should be soldered to a floating pad. Rev. 1.2 Si7021-A20 8. Ordering Guide Table 15. Device Ordering Guide P/N Description Max. Accuracy Pkg Operating Range (C) Protective Cover Packing Format Temp RH Digital temperature/ humidity sensor 0.4 C 3% DFN 6 -40 to +85 C N Cut Tape Si7021-A20-GMR Digital temperature/ humidity sensor 0.4 C 3% DFN 6 -40 to +85 C N Tape & Reel Si7021-A20-GM1 Digital temperature/ humidity sensor 0.4 C 3% DFN 6 -40 to +85 C Y Cut Tape Digital temperature/ humidity sensor 0.4 C 3% DFN 6 -40 to +85 C Y Tape & Reel Si7021-A20-IM Digital temperature/ humidity sensor - industrial temp range 0.4 C 3% DFN 6 -40 to +125 C N Cut Tape Si7021-A20-IMR Digital temperature/ humidity sensor - industrial temp range 0.4 C 3% DFN 6 -40 to +125 C N Tape & Reel Si7021-A20-IM1 Digital temperature/ humidity sensor - industrial temp range 0.4 C 3% DFN 6 -40 to +125 C Y Cut Tape Si7021-A20-IM1R Digital temperature/ humidity sensor - industrial temp range 0.4 C 3% DFN 6 -40 to +125 C Y Tape & Reel Si7021-A20-YM0 Digital temperature/ humidity sensor - automotive 0.4 C 3% DFN 6 -40 to +125 C N Cut Tape Si7021-A20-YM0R Digital temperature/ humidity sensor - automotive 0.4 C 3% DFN 6 -40 to +125 C N Tape & Reel Digital temperature/ humidity sensor - automotive 0.4 C 3% DFN 6 -40 to +125 C Y Cut Tape Si7021-A20-YM1R Digital temperature/ humidity sensor - automotive 0.4 C 3% DFN 6 -40 to +125 C Y Tape & Reel Si7021-A20-GM Si7021-A20GM1R Si7021-A20-YM1 Note: The "A" denotes product revision A and "20" denotes firmware version 2.0. Rev. 1.2 29 Si7021-A20 9. Package Outline 9.1. Package Outline: 3x3 6-pin DFN Figure 10. 3x3 6-pin DFN Table 16. 3x3 6-pin DFN Package Diagram Dimensions Dimension Min Nom Max A 0.70 0.75 0.80 A1 0.00 0.02 0.05 b 0.35 0.40 0.45 D D2 3.00 BSC. 1.40 1.50 e 1.00 BSC. E 3.00 BSC. 1.60 E2 2.30 2.40 2.50 H1 0.85 0.90 0.95 H2 1.39 1.44 1.49 L 0.35 0.40 0.45 aaa 0.10 bbb 0.10 ccc 0.05 ddd 0.10 eee 0.05 fff 0.05 Notes: 1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm). 2. Dimensioning and Tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1994. 30 Rev. 1.2 Si7021-A20 9.2. Package Outline: 3x3 6-pin DFN with Protective Cover Figure 8 illustrates the package details for the Si7021 with the optional protective cover. The table below lists the values for the dimensions shown in the illustration. Figure 8. 3x3 6-pin DFN with Protective Cover Table 17. 3x3 6-pin DFN with Protective Cover Package Diagram Dimensions Dimension A A1 A2 b D D2 e E E2 F1 F2 h L R1 aaa bbb ccc ddd eee Min -- 0.00 0.70 0.35 1.40 2.30 2.70 2.70 0.76 0.35 0.45 Nom -- 0.02 0.75 0.40 3.00 BSC. 1.50 1.00 BSC. 3.00 BSC. 2.40 2.80 2.80 0.83 0.40 0.50 0.10 0.10 0.05 0.10 0.05 Max 1.21 0.05 0.80 0.45 1.60 2.50 2.90 2.90 0.90 0.45 0.55 Notes: 1. All dimensions are shown in millimeters (mm). 2. Dimensioning and Tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1994. Rev. 1.2 31 Si7021-A20 10. PCB Land Pattern and Solder Mask Design Figure 9. Si7021 PCB Land Pattern Table 18. PCB Land Pattern Dimensions Symbol mm C1 2.90 E 1.00 P1 1.60 P2 2.50 X1 0.45 Y1 0.85 Notes: General 1. All dimensions shown are at Maximum Material Condition (MMC). Least Material Condition (LMC) is calculated based on a Fabrication Allowance of 0.05 mm. 2. This Land Pattern Design is based on the IPC-7351 guidelines. Solder Mask Design 3. All metal pads are to be non-solder mask defined (NSMD). Clearance between the solder mask and the metal pad is to be 60 m minimum, all the way around the pad. Stencil Design 4. A stainless steel, laser-cut and electro-polished stencil with trapezoidal walls should be used to assure good solder paste release. 5. The stencil thickness should be 0.125 mm (5 mils). 6. The ratio of stencil aperture to land pad size should be 1:1 for all perimeter pins. 7. A 2x1 array of 1.00 mm square openings on 1.30 mm pitch should be used for the center ground pad to achieve a target solder coverage of 50%. Card Assembly 8. The recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body Components. 32 Rev. 1.2 Si7021-A20 11. Top Marking 11.1. Si7021 Top Marking 11.2. Top Marking Explanation Mark Method: Laser Font Size 0.30 mm Pin 1 Indicator: Circle = 0.30 mm Diameter Upper-Left Corner Line 1 Marking: TTTT = Mfg Code Rev. 1.2 33 Si7021-A20 12. Additional Reference Resources AN607: 34 Si70xx Humidity Sensor Designer's Guide Rev. 1.2 Si7021-A20 DOCUMENT CHANGE LIST Revision 0.9 to Revision 0.91 Updated Table 2 on page 4. Revision 0.91 to Revision 1.0 Updated document revision to 1.0. Revision 1.0 to Revision 1.1 Updated Footnote 2 in Table 3. Updated Section "4.5. Protecting the Sensor" . Updated Table 9. Corrected a typo in the I2C sequence for no-hold mode in Section "5. I2C Interface" . Corrected a typo in Table 12. Updated Table 17 dimensions F1 and F2. Revision 1.1 to Revision 1.2 Updated diagram in "5.4. Firmware Revision" on page 24. Updated notes in Table 18, "PCB Land Pattern Dimensions," on page 32. Changed packing format from tube to cut tape for all non-tape & reel part numbers without protective filter covers. Rev. 1.2 35 Smart. Connected. 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