PA10A - Apex Microtechnology

APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 • FAX (520) 888-3329 • ORDERS (520) 690-8601 • EMAIL prodlit@apexmicrotech.com

Q2A Q2B

Q6B

Q6A

TYPICAL APPLICATION

FIGURE 1. VOLTAGE-TO-CURRENT CONVERSION

DC and low distortion AC current waveforms are delivered

to a grounded load by using matched resistors (A and B

sections) and taking advantage of the high common mode

rejection of the PA10.

Foldover current limit is used to modify current limits based

on output voltage. When load resistance drops to 0, the current

is limited based on output voltage. When load resistance

drops to 0, the current limit is 0.79A resulting in an internal

dissipation of 33.3 W. When output voltage increases to 36V,

the current limit is 1.69A. Refer to Application Note 9 on

foldover limiting for details.

EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS

R2B

.82Ω

–42V

+42V

R2A

R1A

PA10

R1B LOAD

0-24 Ω

CONTROL

FEATURES

• GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT — 4MHz

• TEMPERATURE RANGE — –55 to +125°C (PA10A)

• EXCELLENT LINEARITY — Class A/B Output

• WIDE SUPPLY RANGE — ±10V to ±50V

• HIGH OUTPUT CURRENT — ±5A Peak

APPLICATIONS

• MOTOR, VALVE AND ACTUATOR CONTROL

• MAGNETIC DEFLECTION CIRCUITS UP TO 4A

• POWER TRANSDUCERS UP TO 100kHz

• TEMPERATURE CONTROL UP TO 180W

• PROGRAMMABLE POWER SUPPLIES UP TO 90V

• AUDIO AMPLIFIERS UP TO 60W RMS

DESCRIPTION

The PA10 and PA10A are high voltage, high output current

operational amplifiers designed to drive resistive, inductive and

capacitive loads. For optimum linearity, the output stage is

biased for class A/B operation. The safe operating area (SOA)

can be observed for all operating conditions by selection of user

programmable current limiting resistors. Both amplifiers are

internally compensated for all gain settings. For continuous

operation under load, a heatsink of proper rating is recom-

mended.

This hybrid integrated circuit utilizes thick film (cermet)

resistors, ceramic capacitors and semiconductor chips to maxi-

mize reliability, minimize size and give top performance. Ultra-

sonically bonded aluminum wires provide reliable interconnec-

tions at all operating temperatures. The 8-pin TO-3 package is

hermetically sealed and electrically isolated. The use of com-

pressible isolation washers voids the warranty.

EQUIVALENT SCHEMATIC

CL+

+IN

–IN

–V FO

CL–

OUT

TOP VIEW

CL+

CL–

OUTPUT

HTTP://WWW.APEXMICROTECH.COM (800) 546-APEX (800) 546-2739

MICROTECHNOLOGY

POWER OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS

PA10 • PA10A

APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD • TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 • USA • APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

SPECIFICATIONS

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SUPPLY VOLTAGE, +VS to –VS100V

OUTPUT CURRENT, within SOA 5A

POWER DISSIPATION, internal 67W

INPUT VOLTAGE, differential ±VS –3V

INPUT VOLTAGE, common mode ±VS

TEMPERATURE, pin solder - 10s 300°C

TEMPERATURE, junction1200°C

TEMPERATURE RANGE, storage –65 to +150°C

OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, case –55 to +125°C

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS2, 5 MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX UNITS

INPUT

OFFSET VOLTAGE, initial TC = 25°C±2±6±1±3mV

OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. temperature Full temperature range ±10 ±65 * ±40 µV/°C

OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. supply TC = 25°C±30 ±200 * * µV/V

OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. power TC = 25°C±20 * µVW

BIAS CURRENT, initial TC = 25°C 1230 1020nA

BIAS CURRENT, vs. temperature Full temperature range ±50 ±500 * * pA/°C

BIAS CURRENT, vs. supply TC = 25°C.±10 * pA/V

OFFSET CURRENT, initial TC = 25°C±12 ±30 ±5±10 nA

OFFSET CURRENT, vs. temperature Full temperature range ±50 * pA/°C

INPUT IMPEDANCE, DC TC = 25°C 200 * MΩ

INPUT CAPACITANCE TC = 25°C3*pF

COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE3Full temperature range ±VS–5±VS–3** V

COMMON MODE REJECTION, DC3Full temp. range, VCM = ±VS –6V 74 100 * * dB

GAIN

OPEN LOOP GAIN at 10Hz TC = 25°C, 1KΩ load 110 * dB

OPEN LOOP GAIN at 10Hz Full temp. range, 15Ω load 96 108 * * dB

GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT @ 1MHz TC = 25°C, 15Ω load 4 * MHz

POWER BANDWIDTH TC = 25°C, 15Ω load 10 15 * * kHz

PHASE MARGIN Full temp. range, 15Ω load 20 * °

OUTPUT

VOLTAGE SWING3TC = 25°C, IO = 5A ±VS–8±VS–5±VS–6* V

VOLTAGE SWING3Full temp. range, IO = 2A ±VS–6* V

VOLTAGE SWING3Full temp. range, IO = 80mA ±VS–5* V

CURRENT, peak TC = 25°C5*A

SETTLING TIME to .1% TC = 25°C, 2V step 2 * µs

SLEW RATE TC = 25°C23**V/µs

CAPACITIVE LOAD Full temperature range, AV = 1 .68 * nF

CAPACITIVE LOAD Full temperature range, AV = 2.5 10 * nF

CAPACITIVE LOAD Full temperature range, AV > 10 SOA * nF

POWER SUPPLY

VOLTAGE Full temperature range ±10 ±40 ±45 * * ±50 V

CURRENT, quiescent TC = 25°C 8 15 30 * * * mA

THERMAL

RESISTANCE, AC, junction to case4TC = –55 to +125°C, F > 60Hz 1.9 2.1 * * °C/W

RESISTANCE, DC, junction to case TC = –55 to +125°C 2.4 2.6 * * °C/W

RESISTANCE, junction to air TC = –55 to +125°C30*°C/W

TEMPERATURE RANGE, case Meets full range specifications –25 +85 –55 +125 °C

PA10A

PA10

PA10 •PA10A

The internal substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not break the seal. If accidentally broken, do not crush, machine, or

subject to temperatures in excess of 850°C to avoid generating toxic fumes.

CAUTION

NOTES: * The specification of PA10A is identical to the specification for PA10 in applicable column to the left.

1. Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will result in reduced product life. Derate internal power dissipation

to achieve high MTTF.

2. The power supply voltage for all tests is ±40, unless otherwise noted as a test condition.

3. +VS and –VS denote the positive and negative supply rail respectively. Total VS is measured from +VS to –VS.

4. Rating applies if the output current alternates between both output transistors at a rate faster than 60Hz.

5. Full temperature range specifications are guaranteed but not tested.

APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 • FAX (520) 888-3329 • ORDERS (520) 690-8601 • EMAIL prodlit@apexmicrotech.com

TYPICAL PERFORMANCE

GRAPHS PA10 •PA10A

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

TEMPERATURE, T (°C)

POWER DERATING

INTERNAL POWER DISSIPATION, P(W)

–50 0 100

1.0

2.2

2.5 BIAS CURRENT

1.6

10 100 10K .1M

FREQUENCY, F (Hz)

INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE, V (nV/ Hz)

1 100 10M

FREQUENCY, F (Hz)

–20

120 SMALL SIGNAL RESPONSE

OPEN LOOP GAIN, A (dB)

100

0 100 .1M 10M

–210

–150

–60

0PHASE RESPONSE

–90

–30

10K 20K 50K .1M

FREQUENCY, F (Hz)

4.6

OUTPUT VOLTAGE, V (V )

100 1K 3K .1M

FREQUENCY, F (Hz)

.003

3HARMONIC DISTORTION

DISTORTION (%)

.01

40 100

TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE, V (V)

1.6 QUIESCENT CURRENT

NORMALIZED QUIESCENT CURRENT, I (X)

1.4

023

OUTPUT CURRENT, I (A)

6OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING

VOLTAGE DROP FROM SUPPLY, (V)

0 10K

FREQUENCY, F (Hz)

COMMON MODE REJECTION

COMMON MODE REJECTION, CMR (dB)

120

.1M10 100 0 TIME, t (µs)

PULSE RESPONSE

OUTPUT VOLTAGE, V (V)

–50 –25 50 100

CASE TEMPERATURE, T (°C)

3.0

CURRENT LIMIT

CURRENT LIMIT, I (A)

LIM

2.5

300 10K 30K

INPUT NOISE

√

–25 25 50 75

1.9

POWER RESPONSE

30K

50 60 70 80 90

1.2

025 75

1.0

1.5

–8

10 1K 10K .1M 1M

140

10 10K 1M

FREQUENCY, F (Hz)

PHASE, (°)ϕNORMALIZED BIAS CURRENT, I (X)

2.0

1K 1M

100

2 4 6 8 10 12

–6

–4

–2

70K

6.8

100

V = ±5V, t = 100ns

IN r

.03

1.0

PA10 PA10A

T = T

125

1.3 R = 0.6

Ω

R = 0.3

Ω

125

3.5

CASE TEMPERATURE, T (°C)

–180

–120 |+V | + |–V | = 30V

|+V | + |–V | = 80V

|+V | + |–V | = 100V

100

=10

V = ±38V

R =8

Ω

P = 50mW

P = 2W

P = 60W

T = -25°C

T = 25°C

T = 85°C

T = 125°C

T = 25°C

T = 25 to 85°C

T = 25°C

T = 25 to 85°C

–V

APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD • TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 • USA • APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739

OPERATING

CONSIDERATIONS

PA10 •PA10A

GENERAL

Please read Application Note 1 "General Operating Consider-

ations" which covers stability, supplies, heat sinking, mounting,

current limit, SOA interpretation, and specification interpretation.

Visit www.apexmicrotech.com for design tools that help automate

tasks such as calculations for stability, internal power dissipation,

current limit; heat sink selection; Apex’s complete Application

Notes library; Technical Seminar Workbook; and Evaluation Kits.

SAFE OPERATING AREA (SOA)

The output stage of most power amplifiers has three distinct

limitations:

1. The current handling capability of the transistor geometry and

the wire bonds.

2. The second breakdown effect which occurs whenever the

simultaneous collector current and collector-emitter voltage

exceeds specified limits.

3. The junction temperature of the output transistors.

The SOA curves combine the effect of these limits. For a given

application, the direction and magnitude of the output current

should be calculated or measured and checked against the SOA

curves. This is simple for resistive loads but more complex for

reactive and EMF generating loads.

1. For DC outputs, especially those resulting from fault condi-

tions, check worst case stress levels against the new SOA

graph.

For sine wave outputs, use Power Design1 to plot a load line.

Make sure the load line does not cross the 0.5ms limit and that

excursions beyond any other second breakdown line do not

exceed the time label, and have a duty cycle of no more than

10%.

For other waveform outputs, manual load line plotting is

recommended. Applications Note 22, SOA AND LOAD LINES,

will be helpful. A Spice type analysis can be very useful in that

a hardware setup often calls for instruments or amplifiers with

wide common mode rejection ranges.

2. The amplifier can handle any EMF generating or reactive load

and short circuits to the supply rail or shorts to common if the

current limits are set as follows at TC = 85°C:

Tc = 125°C

THERMAL

steady state SECOND BREAKDOWN

t = 1ms

t = 5ms

t = 0.5ms

1.0

1.5

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 50 60 70 80 100

Tc = 85°C

SUPPLY TO OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE V

– V

(V)

OUTPUT CURRENT FROM +V

OR – V

(A)

SHORT TO ±VSSHORT TO

±VSC, L, OR EMF LOAD COMMON

50V .21A .61A

40V .3A .87A

35V .36A 1.0A

30V .46A 1.4A

25V .61A 1.7A

20V .87A 2.2A

15V 1.4A 2.9A

CURRENT LIMITING

Refer to Application Note 9, "Current Limiting", for details of both

fixed and foldover current limit operation. Visit the Apex web site

at www.apexmicrotech.com for a copy of the Power Design

spreadsheet (Excel) which plots current limits vs. steady state

SOA. Beware that current limit should be thought of as a +/–20%

function initially and varies about 2:1 over the range of –55°C to

125°C.

For fixed current limit, leave pin 7 open and use equations 1 and 2.

RCL = 0.65/LCL (1)

ICL = 0.65/RCL (2)

Where:

ICL is the current limit in amperes.

RCL is the current limit resistor in ohms.

For certain applications, foldover current limit adds a slope to

the current limit which allows more power to be delivered to the

load without violating the SOA. For maximum foldover slope,

ground pin 7 and use equations 3 and 4.

0.65 + (Vo * 0.014)

ICL = (3)

RCL

0.65 + (Vo * 0.014)

RCL = (4)

ICL

Where:

Vo is the output voltage in volts.

Most designers start with either equation 1 to set RCL for the

desired current at 0v out, or with equation 4 to set RCL at the

maximum output voltage. Equation 3 should then be used to plot

the resulting foldover limits on the SOA graph. If equation 3 results

in a negative current limit, foldover slope must be reduced. This

can happen when the output voltage is the opposite polarity of the

supply conducting the current.

In applications where a reduced foldover slope is desired, this

can be achieved by adding a resistor (RFO) between pin 7 and

ground. Use equations 4 and 5 with this new resistor in the circuit.

0.65 + Vo * 0.14

10.14 + RFO

ICL = (5)

RCL

0.65 + Vo * 0.14

10.14 + RFO

RCL = (6)

ICL

Where:

RFO is in K ohms.

1 Note 1. Power Design is a self-extracting Excel spreadsheet

available free from www.apexmicrotech.com

This data sheet has been carefully checked and is believed to be reliable, however, no responsibility is assumed for possible inaccuracies or omissions. All specifications are subject to change without notice.