Preface RUGGEDCOM WIN v5.2 User Guide For WIN7014, WIN7015, WIN7018, WIN7023, WIN7025 WIN7035, WIN7225, WIN7233, WIN7235, WIN7237, WIN7249, WIN7251, WIN7258 12/2018 RC1413-EN-01 Introduction 1 Using WIN v5.2 2 Getting Started 3 Device Management 4 System Administration 5 Security 6 Time Synchronization 7 Subscriber Units 8 Traffic Control 9 Network Discovery and Management 10 Remote Management 11 Wireless 12 Troubleshooting 13 RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide Copyright (c) 2018 Siemens Canada Ltd All rights reserved. Dissemination or reproduction of this document, or evaluation and communication of its contents, is not authorized except where expressly permitted. Violations are liable for damages. All rights reserved, particularly for the purposes of patent application or trademark registration. This document contains proprietary information, which is protected by copyright. All rights are reserved. No part of this document may be photocopied, reproduced or translated to another language without the prior written consent of Siemens Canada Ltd. Disclaimer Of Liability Siemens has verified the contents of this document against the hardware and/or software described. However, deviations between the product and the documentation may exist. Siemens shall not be liable for any errors or omissions contained herein or for consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material. The information given in this document is reviewed regularly and any necessary corrections will be included in subsequent editions. We appreciate any suggested improvements. We reserve the right to make technical improvements without notice. Registered Trademarks RUGGEDCOMTM and ROSTM are trademarks of Siemens Canada Ltd. Other designations in this manual might be trademarks whose use by third parties for their own purposes would infringe the rights of the owner. Security Information Siemens provides products and solutions with industrial security functions that support the secure operation of plants, machines, equipment and/or networks. They are important components in a holistic industrial security concept. With this in mind, Siemens' products and solutions undergo continuous development. Siemens recommends strongly that you regularly check for product updates. For the secure operation of Siemens products and solutions, it is necessary to take suitable preventive action (e.g. cell protection concept) and integrate each component into a holistic, state-of-the-art industrial security concept. Third-party products that may be in use should also be considered. For more information about industrial security, visit https://www.siemens.com/industrialsecurity. To stay informed about product updates as they occur, sign up for a product-specific newsletter. For more information, visit https:// support.automation.siemens.com. Warranty Refer to the License Agreement for the applicable warranty terms and conditions, if any. For warranty details, visit https://www.siemens.com/ruggedcom or contact a Siemens customer service representative. Contacting Siemens Address Siemens Canada Ltd Industry Sector 300 Applewood Crescent Concord, Ontario Canada, L4K 5C7 ii Telephone Toll-free: 1 888 264 0006 Tel: +1 905 856 5288 Fax: +1 905 856 1995 E-mail ruggedcom.info.i-ia@siemens.com Web https://www.siemens.com/ruggedcom RUGGEDCOM WIN Table of Contents User Guide Table of Contents Preface ............................................................................................................ xi Alerts .................................................................................................................................................. xi Related Documents ............................................................................................................................. xii System Requirements ........................................................................................................................ xiii Training ............................................................................................................................................ xiv Customer Support .............................................................................................................................. xiv Chapter 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Features and Benefits ................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Security Recommendations ............................................................................................................ 2 1.3 Supported Modulation Techniques ................................................................................................. 4 1.4 About MIMO ................................................................................................................................ 4 1.5 User Permissions ........................................................................................................................... 5 1.6 SAS Gateway ................................................................................................................................ 5 Chapter 2 Using WIN v5.2 ................................................................................................ 7 2.1 Default User Names and Passwords ................................................................................................ 7 2.2 Logging In .................................................................................................................................... 7 2.3 Logging Out ................................................................................................................................. 8 2.4 Using the Web-Based User Interface ............................................................................................... 8 2.4.1 Dashboard ......................................................................................................................... 9 2.4.2 Navigating the User Interface ............................................................................................ 10 2.4.3 Using Tables .................................................................................................................... 11 Chapter 3 Getting Started ............................................................................................... 13 3.1 Basic Configuration ..................................................................................................................... 13 3.2 Connecting to the Base Station .................................................................................................... 15 3.2.1 Default IP Address ............................................................................................................ 16 3.2.2 Connecting Directly .......................................................................................................... 16 3.2.3 Connecting Remotely ....................................................................................................... 17 3.3 Configuring the Base Station's IP Interface .................................................................................... 18 iii Table of Contents RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide Chapter 4 Device Management ....................................................................................... 21 4.1 Rebooting the Device .................................................................................................................. 21 4.2 Displaying the Current Status ...................................................................................................... 22 4.3 Displaying Device Information ..................................................................................................... 23 4.4 Configuring Installation Details .................................................................................................... 24 4.5 Viewing Statistics ........................................................................................................................ 26 4.5.1 Enabling/Disabling Select Statistics .................................................................................... 26 4.5.2 Viewing and Clearing Ethernet Statistics ............................................................................ 27 4.5.3 Viewing and Clearing Traffic Statistics ............................................................................... 30 4.5.4 Viewing and Clearing Subscriber Unit Statistics ................................................................... 31 4.5.5 Viewing Subscriber Unit Connection Statistics .................................................................... 33 4.6 Managing Logs ........................................................................................................................... 35 4.6.1 Configuring Syslog ........................................................................................................... 36 4.6.2 Enabling/Disabling Logs .................................................................................................... 36 4.6.3 Limiting the Size of Log Files ............................................................................................ 38 4.6.4 Manually Uploading Log Files ........................................................................................... 38 4.7 Managing System Files ................................................................................................................ 39 4.7.1 Enabling/Disabling SFTP Sessions ....................................................................................... 40 4.7.2 Configuring the FTP Service .............................................................................................. 40 4.7.3 Uploading Files to the FTP Server ...................................................................................... 41 4.7.4 Downloading a File from the FTP Server ............................................................................ 42 4.7.5 Copying Files from the Primary Memory Bank to the Secondary Memory Bank ....................... 43 4.7.6 Deleting Files from the Secondary Memory Bank ................................................................ 44 4.7.7 Viewing/Cancelling File Transfers ....................................................................................... 45 4.8 Managing Software ..................................................................................................................... 46 4.8.1 Updating RUGGEDCOM WIN .............................................................................................. 46 4.8.2 Changing the Active Software Version ............................................................................... 47 4.8.3 Restoring Factory Defaults ................................................................................................ 47 4.9 Configuring the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) ...................................................................... 48 4.10 Managing Redundant Base Stations ............................................................................................ 49 4.10.1 Understanding Redundancy ............................................................................................ 50 4.10.1.1 Master vs. Slave .................................................................................................. 50 4.10.1.2 States ................................................................................................................. 51 4.10.1.3 Faults ................................................................................................................. 52 4.10.1.4 Reachability ........................................................................................................ 52 4.10.2 Configuring Base Station Redundancy .............................................................................. 53 4.10.3 Viewing the Status of Base Station Redundancy ................................................................ 54 iv RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide Table of Contents Chapter 5 System Administration .................................................................................... 57 5.1 Setting the Operating Mode ........................................................................................................ 57 5.2 Enabling/Disabling SSH Sessions ................................................................................................... 58 5.3 Managing Users and Passwords ................................................................................................... 59 5.3.1 Adding Users ................................................................................................................... 59 5.3.2 Removing Users ............................................................................................................... 61 5.3.3 Changing User Passwords ................................................................................................. 61 5.4 Managing Alarms ........................................................................................................................ 62 5.4.1 Alarm Categories and Severities ........................................................................................ 63 5.4.2 Available Alarms .............................................................................................................. 64 5.4.3 Viewing/Clearing Alarms ................................................................................................... 66 5.5 Displaying the Current Switching Mode ........................................................................................ 68 Chapter 6 Security .......................................................................................................... 71 6.1 Configuring Brute Force Attack Protection .................................................................................... 71 6.2 Enabling Ethernet Port Shutdown Mode ....................................................................................... 72 6.3 Managing Certificates and Keys ................................................................................................... 73 6.3.1 Updating the Certificate and Private Key ............................................................................ 74 6.3.2 Setting the Private Key Passphrase .................................................................................... 75 6.3.3 Generating SSH Keys ........................................................................................................ 76 6.4 Configuring RADIUS Authentication .............................................................................................. 77 6.5 Managing Wireless Authentication ............................................................................................... 78 6.5.1 Configuring Wireless Authentication .................................................................................. 79 6.5.2 Enabling Wireless Authentication ...................................................................................... 79 6.5.3 Configuring AAA Server Settings ....................................................................................... 81 6.5.4 Enabling/Disabling a AAA Server ........................................................................................ 82 6.5.5 Selecting the Active AAA Server ........................................................................................ 83 6.5.6 Viewing the Status of AAA Servers .................................................................................... 84 6.5.7 Configuring AAA-Based Accounting ................................................................................... 86 Chapter 7 Time Synchronization ...................................................................................... 89 7.1 Configuring Time Synchronization ................................................................................................ 89 7.2 Managing GPS ............................................................................................................................ 91 7.2.1 Configuring the GPS Time Source ...................................................................................... 91 7.2.2 Viewing GPS Time Source Information ............................................................................... 93 7.2.3 Viewing Detected GPS Satellites ........................................................................................ 94 7.3 Managing Precision Time Protocol (PTP) ....................................................................................... 96 v Table of Contents RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide 7.3.1 Understanding Precision Time Protocol (PTP) ...................................................................... 96 7.3.2 Configuring the Precisition Time Protocol (PTP) .................................................................. 97 7.3.3 Viewing the Status of the Precision Time Protcol (PTP) ........................................................ 97 Chapter 8 Subscriber Units .............................................................................................. 99 8.1 Adding a Pre-Provisioned Subscriber Unit ...................................................................................... 99 8.2 Configuring Uplink and Downlink Settings .................................................................................. 100 8.3 Resetting the Password for a Subscriber Unit .............................................................................. 103 8.4 Rebooting a Subscriber Unit ....................................................................................................... 104 8.5 Deregistering Subscriber Units ................................................................................................... 105 8.6 Listing the IP Addresses for Registered Subscriber Units ............................................................... 106 8.7 Accessing the Management Interface for Registered Subscriber Units ............................................ 107 8.8 Managing Router Adjacency ...................................................................................................... 108 8.8.1 Understanding Router Adjacency ..................................................................................... 108 8.8.2 Enabling/Disabling Broadcasts Between Subscriber Units ................................................... 109 8.9 Managing Ethernet Traffic ......................................................................................................... 109 8.9.1 Unlocking Ethernet Traffic .............................................................................................. 110 8.9.2 Viewing/Clearing Subscriber Unit Traffic Data ................................................................... 110 8.10 Managing Handover ................................................................................................................ 113 8.10.1 Understanding Handover .............................................................................................. 114 8.10.1.1 Neighboring Base Stations ................................................................................. 115 8.10.1.2 DCD Triggers ..................................................................................................... 115 8.10.1.3 Handover in Standalone Mode ........................................................................... 115 8.10.2 Configuring Handover .................................................................................................. 117 8.10.3 Managing Neighboring Base Stations ............................................................................. 117 8.10.3.1 Adding a Neighbor ............................................................................................ 117 8.10.3.2 Verifying the Configuration of a Neighbor ........................................................... 122 8.10.4 Configuring DCD Triggers .............................................................................................. 123 8.10.5 Configuring Scanning Reports ....................................................................................... 125 8.10.6 Verifying the Handover Configuration ............................................................................ 126 8.10.7 Manually Handing Over Subscriber Units ........................................................................ 126 8.11 Monitoring Registered Subscriber Units ..................................................................................... 128 8.12 Listing Subscriber Unit Connections .......................................................................................... 130 8.13 Listing Subscriber Unit Capabilities ........................................................................................... 132 Chapter 9 Traffic Control ............................................................................................... 135 9.1 Enabling/Disabling Priority Tagging Pass-Through ........................................................................ 135 9.2 Managing VLANs ....................................................................................................................... 136 9.2.1 Configuring a VLAN ........................................................................................................ 136 vi RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide Table of Contents 9.2.2 Enabling/Disabling Transparent VLANs ............................................................................. 138 9.2.3 Configuring a VLAN Subscription ..................................................................................... 138 9.2.4 Configuring the Management VLAN ................................................................................ 140 9.2.5 Listing Current VLANs ..................................................................................................... 141 9.3 Managing Service Profiles and Flows .......................................................................................... 142 9.3.1 Understanding Service Profiles and Flows ........................................................................ 142 9.3.1.1 Service Profiles .................................................................................................... 143 9.3.1.2 Service Flows ...................................................................................................... 143 9.3.1.3 Scheduling Types ................................................................................................ 143 9.3.1.4 Data Delivery Services .......................................................................................... 144 9.3.1.5 Traffic Classes ..................................................................................................... 145 9.3.1.6 Traffic Priority ..................................................................................................... 145 9.3.1.7 Traffic Shaping .................................................................................................... 146 9.3.1.8 Fairness .............................................................................................................. 146 9.3.2 Configuring Service Profiles and Service Flows .................................................................. 147 9.3.3 Managing Service Profiles ............................................................................................... 147 9.3.3.1 Configuring Service Profiles .................................................................................. 147 9.3.3.2 Updating Service Profile ....................................................................................... 149 9.3.3.3 Configuring IP-CS Mode ....................................................................................... 150 9.3.3.4 Enabling/Disabling a Service Profile ....................................................................... 151 9.3.3.5 Assigning a Service Profile to a Subscriber Unit ...................................................... 152 9.3.3.6 Listing Associated Subscriber Units ....................................................................... 153 9.3.4 Managing Service Flows ................................................................................................. 155 9.3.4.1 Configuring Service Flows .................................................................................... 155 9.3.4.2 Configuring Traffic Classifiers ............................................................................... 160 9.3.5 Example: Configuring a Service Profile for Multicast Traffic ................................................ 164 Chapter 10 Network Discovery and Management ............................................................. 167 10.1 Managing SNMP ..................................................................................................................... 167 10.1.1 Configuring SNMP ........................................................................................................ 168 10.1.2 Configuring SNMPv2 .................................................................................................... 168 10.1.3 Configuring SNMPv3 .................................................................................................... 170 10.1.4 Managing SNMP Traps .................................................................................................. 171 10.1.4.1 Enabling/Disabling SNMP Traps ........................................................................... 171 10.1.4.2 Configuring SNMP Trap Destinations ................................................................... 172 10.1.5 Configuring Users for SNMPv3 ...................................................................................... 173 10.1.6 Configuring the SNMP System Group ............................................................................. 176 10.1.7 Viewing SNMPv3 Access Groups .................................................................................... 177 10.2 Managing MAC Addresses ....................................................................................................... 179 10.2.1 Viewing/Clearing the MAC Address Table ....................................................................... 179 vii Table of Contents RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide 10.2.2 Viewing/Clearing the ARP Table ..................................................................................... 181 10.2.3 Configuring the Age Out Period for MAC Addresses ........................................................ 182 Chapter 11 Remote Management .................................................................................... 185 11.1 Configuring Management via a Backhaul Subscriber Unit ........................................................... 185 Chapter 12 Wireless ......................................................................................................... 187 12.1 Starting/Stopping Transmissions ............................................................................................... 187 12.2 Managing Wireless Settings ..................................................................................................... 188 12.2.1 Configuring the Base Station Name and ID ..................................................................... 189 12.2.2 Configuring the MAC Layer Settings .............................................................................. 190 12.2.3 Managing the WiMAX Radio .......................................................................................... 191 12.2.3.1 Viewing a Summary of WiMAX Radio Capabilities ................................................. 191 12.2.3.2 Configuring the WiMAX Radio ............................................................................ 192 12.2.3.3 Configuring the Structure of Frames ................................................................... 193 12.2.4 Managing Link Adaptation ............................................................................................ 196 12.2.4.1 Configuring Link Adaptation ............................................................................... 196 12.2.4.2 Configuring DIUCs for Burst Profiles .................................................................... 199 12.2.4.3 Configuring UIUCs for Burst Profiles .................................................................... 200 12.2.4.4 Configuring the Interference Detection Threshold ................................................ 201 12.3 Managing ASN Gateways ......................................................................................................... 202 12.3.1 Configuring the ASN Gateway Connection ..................................................................... 202 12.3.2 Configuring the IP Address for an ASN Gateway .............................................................. 202 12.3.3 Configuring Keep Alive Settings .................................................................................... 203 12.3.4 Determining the R6 Signaling Protocol In Use ................................................................. 204 Chapter 13 Troubleshooting ............................................................................................ 205 13.1 Troubleshooting Resources ...................................................................................................... 205 13.1.1 Pinging an IPv4 Address or Host .................................................................................... 205 13.1.2 Tracing a Route to an IPv4 Host .................................................................................... 206 13.1.3 Viewing/Clearing Aggregate Throughput Statistics .......................................................... 207 13.1.4 Accessing Developer Mode ........................................................................................... 209 13.1.5 Using the Spectrum Analyizer Tool ................................................................................ 209 13.1.5.1 Configuring the Spectrum Analyzer Tool ............................................................. 210 13.1.5.2 Starting/Stopping the Spectrum Analyzer Tool ..................................................... 212 13.1.5.3 Plotting the Spectrum ........................................................................................ 213 13.1.5.4 Freezing the Current Signal ................................................................................ 215 13.1.5.5 Enabling Max Hold ............................................................................................ 215 viii RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide Table of Contents 13.1.5.6 Placing a Marker ................................................................................................ 216 13.1.5.7 Selecting/Unselecting a Signal ............................................................................ 217 13.1.5.8 Setting the Span of a Spectrum Analysis ............................................................. 217 13.1.5.9 Enabling Hold ................................................................................................... 218 13.1.5.10 Saving the Spectrum Plot ................................................................................. 219 13.1.5.11 Clearing the Spectrum Plot ............................................................................... 219 13.2 Frequently Asked Questions ..................................................................................................... 219 ix Table of Contents x RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide RUGGEDCOM WIN Preface User Guide Preface This guide describes v5.2 of the RUGGEDCOM WIN Web-based user interface and software application running on RUGGEDCOM WiMAX broadband wireless base stations. The WIN7000 and WIN7200 are members of the RUGGEDCOM family of mobile WiMAX broadband wireless access systems based on the 802.16e mobile WiMAX standard. This guide contains instructions and guidelines on how to use the base station software, as well as some general theory. It is intended for use by network operators who are familiar with the operation of networks. NOTE Illustrations of the management interface screens are presented for illustrative purposes and may appear with minor differences in a working system. CONTENTS * "Alerts" * "Related Documents" * "System Requirements" * "Training" * "Customer Support" Alerts The following types of alerts are used when necessary to highlight important information. DANGER! DANGER alerts describe imminently hazardous situations that, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury. WARNING! WARNING alerts describe hazardous situations that, if not avoided, may result in serious injury and/or equipment damage. CAUTION! CAUTION alerts describe hazardous situations that, if not avoided, may result in equipment damage. IMPORTANT! IMPORTANT alerts provide important information that should be known before performing a procedure or step, or using a feature. Alerts xi RUGGEDCOM WIN Preface User Guide NOTE NOTE alerts provide additional information, such as facts, tips and details. Related Documents The following are other documents related to this product that may be of interest. Unless indicated otherwise, each document is available on the Siemens Industry Online Support (SIOS) [https://support.industry.siemens.com] website. NOTE Documents listed are those available at the time of publication. Newer versions of these documents or their associated products may be available. For more information, visit SIOS or consult a Siemens Customer Support representative. Product Notes Product notes are available online via SIOS [https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ca/en/ps/16008/pm]. User/Reference Guides Document Title Link RUGGEDCOM WIN v5.2 User Guide for RUGGEDCOM WIN5000 subscriber units https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109751372 RUGGEDCOM NMS User Guide https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/ps/15399/man FAQs Document Title xii Link How to Configure Free Radius Server? https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/103156513 How to Configure the RADIUS Based Login for RUGGEDCOM WIN Base Stations? https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/103153206 How to Load Dictionaries to Different AAAs? https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/103156416 How to Configure the RADIUS Based Login for RUGGEDCOM WIN Base Stations? https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/103153206 What are the Limitations and Workarounds related to Greenpacket 0x350i? https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/103949465 What Impacts A Clock's Quality? https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/104466716 Understanding Latency Between the RUGGEDCOM WIN Base Station (BST) and the RUGGEDCOM WIN Subscriber Unit (SU) https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/103948900 Understanding VoIP https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/104466526 Understanding the Spectrum Analyzer https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/104466303 Understanding Propagation Models https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/104466448 Related Documents RUGGEDCOM WIN Preface User Guide Document Title Link Understanding Partially Used Subchannels (PUSC) https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/104466301 Understanding Reuse 1 Topology https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/104466454 RUGGEDCOM WIN Network Interface Protocol API https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109741871 Installation Guides Document Title Link RUGGEDCOM WIN7014 Installation Guide https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/88895244 RUGGEDCOM WIN7015 Installation Guide https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109751425 RUGGEDCOM WIN7018 Installation Guide https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109751426 RUGGEDCOM WIN7023 Installation Guide https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109751427 RUGGEDCOM WIN7025 Installation Guide https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109751428 RUGGEDCOM WIN7035 Installation Guide https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109751429 RUGGEDCOM WIN7225 Installation Guide https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/88894854 RUGGEDCOM WIN7233 Installation Guide https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109758063 RUGGEDCOM WIN7235 Installation Guide https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109751431 RUGGEDCOM WIN7237 Installation Guide https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109751432 RUGGEDCOM WIN7249 Installation Guide https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109751433 RUGGEDCOM WIN7251 Installation Guide https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109751434 RUGGEDCOM WIN7258 Installation Guide https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109751435 System Requirements Each workstation used to connect to the RUGGEDCOM WIN user interface must meet the following system requirements: * Must have Windows XP, Windows 7 or Windows 8 installed. * Must have the ability to configure an IP address and netmask on the computer's Ethernet interface. * Must have a Web browser installed. Although other versions of these Web browsers may work, the following Web browsers have been tested at the time of release and verified as being compatible: Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 Google Chrome 31 or 32 Mozilla Firefox 25 or 26 Apple Safari 5.1 Opera 18 System Requirements xiii RUGGEDCOM WIN Preface User Guide Training Siemens offers a wide range of educational services ranging from in-house training of standard courses on networking, Ethernet switches and routers, to on-site customized courses tailored to the customer's needs, experience and application. Siemens' Educational Services team thrives on providing our customers with the essential practical skills to make sure users have the right knowledge and expertise to understand the various technologies associated with critical communications network infrastructure technologies. Siemens' unique mix of IT/Telecommunications expertise combined with domain knowledge in the utility, transportation and industrial markets, allows Siemens to provide training specific to the customer's application. For more information about training services and course availability, visit https://www.siemens.com/ruggedcom or contact a Siemens Sales representative. Customer Support Customer support is available 24 hours, 7 days a week for all Siemens customers. For technical support or general information, contact Siemens Customer Support through any of the following methods: Online Visit http://www.siemens.com/automation/support-request to submit a Support Request (SR) or check on the status of an existing SR. Telephone Call a local hotline center to submit a Support Request (SR). To locate a local hotline center, visit http:// www.automation.siemens.com/mcms/aspa-db/en/automation-technology/Pages/default.aspx. Mobile App Install the Industry Online Support app by Siemens AG on any Android, Apple iOS or Windows mobile device and be able to: * * * * xiv Access Siemens' extensive library of support documentation, including FAQs and manuals Submit SRs or check on the status of an existing SR Contact a local Siemens representative from Sales, Technical Support, Training, etc. Ask questions or share knowledge with fellow Siemens customers and the support community Training RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 1 User Guide Introduction Introduction Welcome to the RUGGEDCOM WIN v5.2 User Guide for RUGGEDCOM WIN7000 and WIN7200 series base stations. This guide describes the wide array of features made available by the RUGGEDCOM WIN software. These features include: * Intuitive user interface and parameter groupings * Dashboard display for monitoring vital parameters * Quick Start window customized for base stations in standalone or in ASN-GW topologies * Quality of Service profile tools for standalone configuration * Remote software upgrade and software management * Advanced communication monitoring and troubleshooting tools The RUGGEDCOM WIN software configures and controls RUGGEDCOM WIN7000 and WIN7200 base stations, as well as Quality of Service (QoS) functions for individual subscriber units. It provides browser-based Web access to a single RUGGEDCOM base station from any network connection. Use the RUGGEDCOM WIN Web-based user interface to define initial communication parameters before the base station is deployed to the field. After installation, use the RUGGEDCOM WIN Web-based user interface to access the base station remotely to perform complete configuration, management, and monitoring functions. CONTENTS * Section 1.1, "Features and Benefits" * Section 1.2, "Security Recommendations" * Section 1.3, "Supported Modulation Techniques" * Section 1.4, "About MIMO" * Section 1.5, "User Permissions" * Section 1.6, "SAS Gateway" Section 1.1 Features and Benefits The following describes the many features available in RUGGEDCOM WIN and their benefits: * Mobile-WiMAX Compliance Compliant with IEEE 802.16e standard and WiMAX Forum Wave 2 Profiles. * Adaptive Modulation Optimizes throughput and facilitates performance robustness. Features and Benefits 1 Chapter 1 RUGGEDCOM WIN Introduction User Guide * Quality of Service (QoS) Management RUGGEDCOM WIN gives the user the ability to separate traffic types over the air and guarantee latency, minimum bandwidth and jitter according to application needs. * Security RUGGEDCOM WIN complies with NERC CIP by including many built-in features, such as two-factor mutual authentication, Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) encryption and message integrity protection using CipherBased Message Authentication Code (CMAC). * Remote Monitoring Support RUGGEDCOM WIN is supported by RUGGEDCOM NMS, providing centralized web based management of RUGGEDCOM and IP-based networks. Advantages include real-time monitoring and notification of events, alarms and thresholds, continuous collection of traffic statistics for analysis and reporting, auto-discovery of device links and services, and deployment of firmware/software upgrades. * Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) SNMP provides a standardized method, for network management stations, to interrogate devices from different vendors. SNMP versions 2c and 3 are supported. SNMPv3 in particular provides security features (such as authentication, privacy, and access control) not present in earlier SNMP versions. * Event Logging and Alarms RUGGEDCOM WIN records all significant events to a non-volatile system log allowing forensic troubleshooting. Events include link failure and recovery, unauthorized access, broadcast storm detection, and self-test diagnostics among others. Alarms provide a snapshot of recent events that have yet to be acknowledged by the network administrator. An external hardware relay is de-energized during the presence of critical alarms, allowing an external controller to react if desired. * HTML Web Browser User Interface RUGGEDCOM WIN provides a simple, intuitive user interface for configuration and monitoring via a standard graphical Web browser or via a standard telcom user interface. All system parameters include detailed online help to facilitate setup and configuration. RUGGEDCOM WIN presents a common look and feel and standardized configuration process, allowing easy migration to other managed RUGGEDCOM products. Section 1.2 Security Recommendations To prevent unauthorized access to the device, note the following security recommendations: Authentication * Replace the default passwords for all user accounts and processes (where applicable) before the device is deployed. * Use strong passwords. Avoid weak passwords such as password1, 123456789, abcdefgh, etc. An example of a strong password would be a password that contains at least eight characters, including a lowercase letter, an uppercase letter, a numeric character and a special character. * Make sure passwords are protected and not shared with unauthorized personnel. * Do not re-use passwords across different user names and systems, or after they expire. * When RADIUS authentication is done remotely, make sure all communications are within the security perimeter or on a secure channel. 2 Security Recommendations RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide Chapter 1 Introduction Physical/Remote Access * It is highly recommended to configure Brute Force Attack (BFA) protection to prevent a third-party from obtaining unauthorized access to the device. For more information, refer to Section 6.1, "Configuring Brute Force Attack Protection". * SSL and SSH keys are accessible to users who connect to the device via the serial console. Make sure to take appropriate precautions when shipping the device beyond the boundaries of the trusted environment: Replace the SSH and SSL keys with throwaway keys prior to shipping. Take the existing SSH and SSL keys out of service. When the device returns, create and program new keys for the device. * Use a AAA server whenever possible. * Control access to the serial console. * When using SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol): Limit the number of IP addresses that can connect to the device and change the community names. Make sure the default community strings are changed to unique values. * Limit the number of simultaneous Web Server and SSH sessions allowed. * Configure remote system logging to forward all logs to a central location. * Management of the configuration file, certificates and keys is the responsibility of the device owner. Before returning the device to Siemens for repair, make sure encryption is disabled (to create a cleartext version of the configuration file) and replace the current certificates and keys with temporary throwaway certificates and keys that can be destroyed upon the device's return. Hardware/Software * Make sure the latest firmware version is installed, including all security-related patches. For the latest information on security patches for Siemens products, visit the Industrial Security website [http:// www.industry.siemens.com/topics/global/en/industrial-security/news-alerts/Pages/alerts.aspx] or the ProductCERT Security Advisories website [http://www.siemens.com/innovation/en/technology-focus/ siemens-cert/cert-security-advisories.htm]. Updates to Siemens Product Security Advisories can be obtained by subscribing to the RSS feed on the Siemens ProductCERT Security Advisories website, or by following @ProductCert on Twitter. * Use the latest Web browser version compatible with RUGGEDCOM WIN to make sure the most secure Transport Layer Security (TLS) versions and ciphers available are employed. Additionally, 1/n-1 record splitting is enabled in the latest web browser versions of Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome and Internet Explorer, and mitigates against attacks such as SSL/TLS Protocol Initialization Vector Implementation Information Disclosure Vulnerability (e.g. BEAST). Policy * Periodically audit the device to make sure it complies with these recommendations and/or any internal security policies. * Review the user documentation for other Siemens products used in coordination with the device for further security recommendations. Security Recommendations 3 Chapter 1 RUGGEDCOM WIN Introduction User Guide Section 1.3 Supported Modulation Techniques The modulation technique specifies how the data is coded within the OFDMA carriers. The base station supports Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), 16 Quadarature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), and 64 QAM modulations. The following details the over-the-air data rate for each supported modulation type. Modulation Type MCS Index Spatial Streams Coding Rate QPSK 1 1 1/2 QPSK 2 1 3/4 16-QAM 11 2 1/2 16-QAM 12 2 3/4 64-QAM 21 3 2/3 64-QAM 22 3 3/4 64-QAM 23 3 5/6 Section 1.4 About MIMO Multiple Input, Multiple Output (MIMO) is a wireless technique to improve the range or throughput of the overall system. MIMO uses multiple radio transceivers transmitting and receiving at the same time and on the same frequency. The RUGGEDCOM WIN series of base stations support both MIMO Matrix A and MIMO Matrix B. The system uses Link Adaptation to automatically select the optimal technique for a given subscriber, based on individual link conditions. MIMO Matrix A MIMO Matrix A, also called STC (Space Time Coding), uses two antennas for transmitting and a single antenna for receiving. In the first symbol time slot, the base station transmits two symbols, one from each antenna. The SU receives the symbols as a mixture (note that each symbol has a different path to the SU). In the second time slot, the base station transmits a variation on the same two symbols. The SU uses both received signals from the first and second time slots to derive a processed signal with an effectively boosted Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). This technique is combined with Maximum Ratio Combining (MRC), which is similar to STC but is applied to the receiving side. MRC uses one antenna for transmitting and two antennas for receiving. Because the wave's path between the transmitting antenna and each receiving antennas is different (that is, multipath), the combined signal from the receiving antennas can be processed to derive a signal with a boosted SNR. Using this technique, the processed signal's SNR is boosted in comparison with a Single Input, Single Output (SISO) approach. MIMO matrix A does not provide additional throughput over what a single antenna system would provide. Instead, MIMO is used to extend range. However, note that by extending range and providing a better link budget, it is possible to get better throughput at a given distance by being able to sustain a higher modulation rate. 4 Supported Modulation Techniques RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 1 User Guide Introduction MIMO Matrix B MIMO Matrix B uses two antennas for transmitting and for receiving. The transmitting antennas transmit independent symbols on each time slot. The received signals on each receiving antenna are a mixture of the transmitted signals. The original transmitted symbols are extracted using signal processing. This technique provides up to twice the throughput of a single antenna system. Section 1.5 User Permissions The following actions can be performed by users with administrator or guest privileges. Action Privilege Level Administrator Guest View statistics * * Clear statistics * * Configure settings * Add/remove users * Update/downgrade software * Manage system files * Access developer mode * Section 1.6 SAS Gateway In accordance with Part 96 of the FCC's Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), no wireless device operating in the United States is allowed to access the 3.5 GHz band without a Spectrum Access System (SAS) service. As such, spectrum access for the following RUGGEDCOM WIN base stations and subscriber units must be managed by RUGGEDCOM SAS-GW. * RUGGEDCOM WIN5137 * RUGGEDCOM WIN5137-V * RUGGEDCOM WIN5137-V-GPS * RUGGEDCOM WIN5237 * RUGGEDCOM WIN7237 RUGGEDCOM SAS-GW is a proxy for base stations (and their associated subscriber units) that require access to the 3.5 GHz band. It performs the following functions: User Permissions 5 Chapter 1 RUGGEDCOM WIN Introduction * Registation and De-Registation RUGGEDCOM SAS-GW registers new base stations and subscriber units with the SAS. Devices can then be de-registered as needed. * Spectrum Requests RUGGEDCOM SAS-GW submits requests for spectrum on behalf of registered base stations and subscriber units. The SAS will grant access based on the devices tier and spectrum availability. Note that higher tiers have priority over lower tiers. * Relinquish Spectrum RUGGEDCOM SAS-GW can be instructed to release spectrum back to the SAS for select base stations and subscriber units. The SAS may also request specific segments back if the spectrum is required by a device belonging to a higher tier. * Heartbeat RUGGEDCOM SAS-GW sends heartbeat (keepalive) messages to the SAS for every registered base station and subscriber unit. User Guide 3 MHz 30 MHz 300 MHz 3 GHz 30 GHz 300 GHz For more information about RUGGEDCOM SAS-GW and Spectrum Access Systems (SASs), refer to the RUGGEDCOM SAS-GW User Guide. 6 SAS Gateway RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 2 User Guide Using WIN v5.2 Using WIN v5.2 This chapter describes how to use the RUGGEDCOM WIN interface. CONTENTS * Section 2.1, "Default User Names and Passwords" * Section 2.2, "Logging In" * Section 2.3, "Logging Out" * Section 2.4, "Using the Web-Based User Interface" Section 2.1 Default User Names and Passwords The following default user names and passwords are pre-configured for RUGGEDCOM WIN: CAUTION! Security hazard - risk of unauthorized access and/or exploitation. To prevent unauthorized access to the base station, change the default passwords before commissioning the device. For more information, refer to Section 5.3, "Managing Users and Passwords". User Name admin Password generic Section 2.2 Logging In To log in to the base station, do the following: IMPORTANT! When accessing the device for the first time, use the factory default IP address, user name and password to access the RUGGEDCOM WIN user interface. For more information, refer to Section 3.2.1, "Default IP Address" and Section 2.1, "Default User Names and Passwords". 1. Launch a Web browser and request a connection to the base station. The Authentication Required form appears. Default User Names and Passwords 7 Chapter 2 RUGGEDCOM WIN Using WIN v5.2 User Guide 1 2 3 4 Figure 1: Authentication Required Form 1. User Name Box 2. Password Box 3. OK Button 4. Cancel Button 2. Under User Name, enter the user name. 3. Under Password, enter the password associated with the user name. 4. Click OK. Section 2.3 Logging Out To log out, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin. The Web Logout screen appears. 1 Figure 2: Web Logout Screen 1. Logout Button 2. Click Logout. Section 2.4 Using the Web-Based User Interface The following is an example of the RUGGEDCOM WIN Web-based user interface. 8 Logging Out RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 2 User Guide Using WIN v5.2 3 1 4 2 Figure 3: Management Interface 1. Toolbar 2. Menu Tree 3. Dashboard 4. Main Screen The user interface consists of the following areas: * Toolbar - A series of links (i.e. Admin, Subscribers, etc.) that provide access to a specific feature set. For more information about using the toolbar, refer to Section 2.4.2, "Navigating the User Interface". * Menu Tree - Displays the various features that can be configured in tree structure. The relevant parameters and controls appear in the main screen. * Dashboard - Displays the overall status of the base station, including its operational status, registered subscriber units, downlink traffic, uplink traffic, and alarm information. To view detailed status information, click on a status indicator. * Main Screen - Displays the relevant parameters and controls for the selected feature. CONTENTS * Section 2.4.1, "Dashboard" * Section 2.4.2, "Navigating the User Interface" * Section 2.4.3, "Using Tables" Section 2.4.1 Dashboard The dashboard appears at the top-right of the user interface at all times. The dashboard displays base station status information, including operational status, registered subscriber units, downlink traffic, uplink traffic, and alarm information. To view detailed status information, click on a status indicator. Dashboard 9 Chapter 2 RUGGEDCOM WIN Using WIN v5.2 User Guide 3 1 5 2 4 Figure 4: Dashboard 1. Status 2. Registered 3. Downlink 4. Uplink 5. Alarms Table: Dashboard Display Dashboard Indicator Status Description The current transmitter status. Click to display the Current Status screen. For more information, refer to Section 4.2, "Displaying the Current Status". Registered The number of registered subscriber units. Click to display the Registered SS screen. For more information, refer to Section 8.11, "Monitoring Registered Subscriber Units". Downlink The average rate of downlink traffic. Click to display the Aggregate Throughput Statistics screen. For more information, refer to Section 13.1.3, "Viewing/Clearing Aggregate Throughput Statistics". Uplink The average rate of uplink traffic. Click to display the Aggregate Throughput Statistics screen. For more information, refer to Section 13.1.3, "Viewing/Clearing Aggregate Throughput Statistics". Alarms The number of system alarms, categorized by severity: = critical = major = minor Click to display the System Alarms screen. For more information, refer to Section 5.4.3, "Viewing/Clearing Alarms". Section 2.4.2 Navigating the User Interface Navigating to the various parameters and controls in RUGGEDCOM WIN starts at the toolbar. The toolbar features a series of links that provide access to a specific feature set. When clicked, the applicable screens are listed in the menu tree. 10 Navigating the User Interface RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 2 User Guide Using WIN v5.2 Figure 5: Toolbar Toolbar Links Link Description Admin Access to general base station information and administrative settings. Subscribers Management of registered and provisioned subscriber units and services (such as VLAN) in Standalone mode. Backbone Displays and sets the operation mode (Standalone or ASN-GW), and configures base station and gateway IP addresses. For Standalone mode, defines Switching parameters. For ASN-GW mode, defines ASN-GW parameters. Wireless Displays and sets WiMAX parameters and diagnostics options. Quick Start Displays and sets initial system setup parameters. Also provides controls to start and stop the base station service and to reboot the base station. Statistics Displays Base Station and Subscriber Unit statistics, including Ethernet Counters, Traffic Statistics, and Subscriber Unit statistics. Navigation Steps in this User Guide Each task described in this User Guide will begin with a navigation step (e.g. Navigate to...) that instructs users to first click a link on the toolbar and then follow the menu tree to find the target screen. For example: 1. Navigate to Admin General Current Status. Section 2.4.3 Using Tables This section describes features common to most tables in the user interface. Adding and Deleting Table Rows Some tables allow for rows to be added or removed. These tables are followed by Add ( To add a row, click the ) and Delete buttons. button. To delete a row, select the desirec row and then click the button. Filtering Table Columns Some tables feature controls for filtering content based on individual columns. These tables are preceded by a block similar to the following: Using Tables 11 Chapter 2 RUGGEDCOM WIN Using WIN v5.2 User Guide 1 4 2 3 5 Figure 6: Table Filtering Controls (Example) 1. Filter Icon 2. Help Icon 3. Reset 4. Box 5. List To filter the contents of a table, click the filtering icon ( ). A new row appears above the table with a box or list in each cell. * Lists filter the table based on the values available in a specific column. Click the list to display the full list and then select the desired text. Only rows that contain that text in that column appear. * Boxes filter the table based on a search string. The string can be a full or partial text string. The table will be filtered based on cells in that column that match the text string. Select operators can also be used to further refine the filtering results. Click the Help icon (?) to display the following list of operators. Operator Description <X Less than a specified value <= X Less than or equal to a specified value > Operator X/Y || Greater than a specified value >= X Greater than or equal to a specified value =X Equal to a specified value && [empty] [nonempty] Description Starts with and ends with OR AND Empty cells Non-empty cells Filters can be added to multiple columns for more accurate results. To reset all filtering, click Reset. To turn off filtering, click the filtering icon again ( ). 12 Using Tables RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 3 User Guide Getting Started Getting Started This section describes startup tasks to be performed during the initial commissioning of the base station. CONTENTS * Section 3.1, "Basic Configuration" * Section 3.2, "Connecting to the Base Station" * Section 3.3, "Configuring the Base Station's IP Interface" Section 3.1 Basic Configuration This section describes the basic steps required to connect the base station to the network. Once these steps are completed, additional features can be enabled and configured either directly through the RUGGEDCOM WIN user interface or remotely via RUGGEDCOM NMS. NOTE For more information about RUGGEDCOM NMS, refer to the RUGGEDCOM NMS User Guide [https:// support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/ps/15399/man]. To configure the initial settings for the base station, do the following: WARNING! Radiation hazard - risk of Radio Frequency (RF) exposue. The GPS receiver is enabled by default. While emitted radiation is minimal, to avoid exposure, stand at least 3.6 m (11.8 ft) from the base station at all times. If operating the base station in an enclosed environment, such as a lab, make sure the GPS receiver is disabled as soon as possible after powering on the device. When ready to enable the GPS receiver, make sure the base station is first moved to an area where personnel can stand at least 3.6 m (11.8 ft) from it at all times. 1. Establish a direct connection to the base station. For more information, refer to Section 3.2.2, "Connecting Directly". 2. Log in to the base station using the default user name and password. For more information, refer to Section 2.2, "Logging In". 3. If operating in an enclosed environment, such as a lab, disable the GPS receiver. This is done by setting Configured GPS Hardware Support Mode to OFF. For more information, refer to Section 7.2.1, "Configuring the GPS Time Source". Basic Configuration 13 Chapter 3 RUGGEDCOM WIN Getting Started User Guide NOTE A system reboot is required after changing the operating mode. 4. Set the operating mode. The base station can be configured to run in either Standalone (default) or ASN-GW mode. For more information, refer to Section 5.1, "Setting the Operating Mode". 5. Navigate to Quick Start Quick Start Menu. The Quick Start Settings screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 7 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 Figure 7: Quick Start Screen (ASN-GW Mode) 1. Configured BS IP Address Box 2. Configured BS Subnet Mask Box 3. Configured BS Default GW IP Address Box 4. Configured ASNGW IP Address Box (ASN-GW Mode Only) 5. Configured Frequency Box 6. Configured Bandwidth List 7. Authentication List 8. Service State 9. Apply Button 10. Reboot Button 11. Start Service Button 12. Stop Service Button 13. Restart Service Button 6. Configure the following parameters: Parameter Configured BS IP Address Description Synopsis: An IPv4 address The IP address assigned to the base station. To prevent unauthorized access, the default IP address should be replaced by a unique IP address. Configured BS Subnet Mask Synopsis: An IPv4 address Default: 255.255.255.0 The subnet mask assigned to the base station. Configured BS Default GW IP Address Synopsis: An IPv4 address Default: 0.0.0.0 The IP address of the default gateway. 14 Basic Configuration RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 3 User Guide Getting Started Parameter Description If the base station is directly connected to the ASN gateway, specify the ASN gateway's IP address. If the base station reaches the ASN gateway through a router, specify the router's IP address. Configured ASNGW IP Address ASN-GW Mode Only Synopsis: An IPv4 address Default: 0.0.0.0 The IPv4 address of the ASN gateway. Configured Frequency Synopsis: An IPv4 address Default: 0.0.0.0 The frequency in kilohertz (kHz) emitted by the base station during operation. Configured Bandwidth Synopsis: { 3.5MHz, 5MHz, 7MHz, 10MHz } Default: 10MHz The band in which the base station operates. Authentication Synopsis: { Enable | Disable } Default: Enable Enables and disables remote user authentication. 7. Click Apply. 8. Reboot the base station. For more information, refer to Section 4.1, "Rebooting the Device". 9. Replace the default certificate and private key. For more information, refer to Section 6.3.1, "Updating the Certificate and Private Key". 10. Replace the default SSH keys. For more information, refer to Section 6.3.3, "Generating SSH Keys". 11. Configure and register subscriber units with the base station. Registered subscriber units are listed on the Registered SS screen. For more information, refer to Section 8.11, "Monitoring Registered Subscriber Units". 12. Remotely verify the device is operational. This can be done by monitoring traversal of data packets through the base station. For more information, refer to Section 4.5.3, "Viewing and Clearing Traffic Statistics". 13. [Optional] If the base station is to be remotely managed by a Network Management System (NMS), such as RUGGEDCOM NMS, create an SNMP trap destination for the associated workstation. For more information, refer to Section 10.1.4.2, "Configuring SNMP Trap Destinations". 14. Further configure the base station as needed. 15. If disabled previously, enable the GPS receiver. This is done by setting Configured GPS Hardware Support Mode to ON. For more information, refer to Section 7.2.1, "Configuring the GPS Time Source". Section 3.2 Connecting to the Base Station This section describes how to connnect to the base station directly and remotely. * Direct Connections Establish a direct (local) connection to the base station during initial deployment. Physical access, a serial or Ethernet cable, and a workstation are required. Connecting to the Base Station 15 Chapter 3 RUGGEDCOM WIN Getting Started User Guide * Remote Connections Establish a remote connection to the base station using a Web browser or Telnet/SSH terminal. A network connection and workstation are required. CONTENTS * Section 3.2.1, "Default IP Address" * Section 3.2.2, "Connecting Directly" * Section 3.2.3, "Connecting Remotely" Section 3.2.1 Default IP Address The default IP address for the base station is 192.168.100.100/24. This is referred to as the LAN IP address. Section 3.2.2 Connecting Directly RUGGEDCOM WIN can be accessed through a direct RS-232 serial console or Ethernet connection for management and troubleshooting purposes. A console connection provides access to the console interface. An Ethernet connection provides access to the Web user interface. Using the RS-232 Serial Console Port To establish a console connection to the device, do the following: 1. Connect a workstation (either a terminal or computer running terminal emulation software) to the RS-232 serial console port on the device. For more information about the RS-232 serial console port, refer to the Installation Guide for the base station. 2. Configure the workstation as follows: 3. Speed 112500 Data Bits 8 Stop Bit 1 Parity None Flow Control Off Terminal ID VT100 Connect to the base station. Once the connection is established, the login form appears. For more information about logging in to the base station, refer to Section 2.2, "Logging In". Using an Ethernet Port To establish a direct Ethernet connection to the device, do the following: 16 Default IP Address RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 3 User Guide 1. Getting Started On the workstation being used to access the device, configure the IP address range and subnet mask for an Ethernet port. The range is typically the IP address for the base station plus one, ending at *.*.*.254. For example, if the base station's IP address is 192.168.100.100, configure the workstation's Ethernet port with an IPv4 address in the range of 192.168.100.99/24 to 192.168.100.254/24. 2. Connect an Ethernet cable between the workstation and the DC/ETH port on the base station. 3. Launch a Web browser. For a list of compatible Web browsers, refer to "System Requirements". 4. If using a proxy server, make sure the IP address and subnet for the device are included in the list of exceptions. 5. In the address bar, enter the base station's IP address and then press Enter. IMPORTANT! Upon connecting to the device, some Web browsers may report the Web server's certificate cannot be verified against any known certificates. This is expected behavior, and it is safe to instruct the browser to accept the certificate. Once the certificate is accepted, all communications with the Web server through that browser will be secure. 6. If the device's SSH key has not been cached to the workstation's registry, a confirmation message will appear asking if the host is trusted. Confirm the connection to continue. 7. Log in to RUGGEDCOM WIN. For more information about logging in, refer to Section 2.2, "Logging In". Section 3.2.3 Connecting Remotely The base station can be accessed over the network either through a Web browser, terminal or a workstation running terminal emulation software. Using a Web Browser To establish a connection through a Web browser, do the following: 1. On the workstation being used to access the device, configure the IP address range and subnet mask for an Ethernet port. The range is typically the IP address for the base station plus one, ending at *.*.*.254. For example, if the base station's IP address is 192.168.100.100, configure the workstation's Ethernet port with an IPv4 address in the range of 192.168.100.99 to 192.168.100.254. 2. Make sure the workstation is connected to the network. 3. Launch a Web browser. For a list of compatible Web browsers, refer to "System Requirements". 4. If using a proxy server, make sure the IP address and subnet for the device are included in the list of exceptions. 5. In the address bar, enter the base station's LAN IP address and then press Enter. IMPORTANT! Upon connecting to the device, some Web browsers may report the Web server's certificate cannot be verified against any known certificates. This is expected behavior, and it is safe to instruct the browser to accept the certificate. Once the certificate is accepted, all communications with the Web server through that browser will be secure. 6. If the device's SSH key has not been cached to the workstation's registry, a confirmation message will appear asking if the host is trusted. Confirm the connection to continue. Connecting Remotely 17 Chapter 3 RUGGEDCOM WIN Getting Started 7. User Guide Log in to RUGGEDCOM WIN. For more information about logging in, refer to Section 2.2, "Logging In". Using an SSH Client A Secure Shell (SSH) client provides access to the base station's console interface. To establish a connection using an SSH client, do the following: 1. Launch an SSH client and specify the following connection settings: Host Name The LAN IP address of the base station or the LAN IP address prefixed with the desired user profile (e.g. admin@172.30.100.100) Port 22 2. Connect to the base station. 3. If the base station's SSH key has not been cached to the workstation's registry, a confirmation message will appear asking if the host is trusted. Click Yes to continue. The login prompt appears. login as: 4. Log in to RUGGEDCOM WIN. For more information, refer to Section 2.2, "Logging In". Section 3.3 Configuring the Base Station's IP Interface To configure the base station's IP address, subnet mask and/or default gateway IP address, do the following: 1. Navigate to Backbone Backbone Admin IP Addresses. The IP Addresses screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 8: IP Addresses Screen 1. Current BS IP Address 2. Current BS Subnet Mask 3. Current BS Default GW IP Address 4. Configured BS IP Address Box 5. Configured BS Subnet Mask Box 6. Configured BS Default GW IP Address Box 7. Apply Button 2. 18 Configure the following parameters as required: Configuring the Base Station's IP Interface RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 3 User Guide Getting Started NOTE These same parameters are configurable under Quick Start Quick Start Menu Quick Start Settings. Parameter Configured BS IP Address Description Synopsis: An IPv4 address Default: 192.168.100.100 The IP address assigned to the base station. The current IP address is setting is displayed under Current BS IP Address. Configured BS Subnet Mask Synopsis: An IPv4 address Default: 255.255.255.0 The subnet mask assigned to the base station. The current subnet address is setting is displayed under Current BS Subnet Mask. Configured BS Default GW IP Address Synopsis: An IPv4 address Default: 0.0.0.0 The IP address of the default gateway. The current gateway IP address is setting is displayed under Current BS Default GW IP Address. If the base station is directly connected to the ASN gateway, specify the ASN gateway's IP address. If the base station reaches the ASN gateway through a router, specify the router's IP address. 3. Click Apply and then reboot the base station. Configuring the Base Station's IP Interface 19 Chapter 3 Getting Started 20 RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide Configuring the Base Station's IP Interface RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 4 User Guide Device Management Device Management This chapter describes how to configure and manage the device and its components, such as device hardware, logs, files and more. CONTENTS * Section 4.1, "Rebooting the Device" * Section 4.2, "Displaying the Current Status" * Section 4.3, "Displaying Device Information" * Section 4.4, "Configuring Installation Details" * Section 4.5, "Viewing Statistics" * Section 4.6, "Managing Logs" * Section 4.7, "Managing System Files" * Section 4.8, "Managing Software" * Section 4.9, "Configuring the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU)" * Section 4.10, "Managing Redundant Base Stations" Section 4.1 Rebooting the Device To reboot the device, do the following: 1. Navigate to Quick Start Quick Start Menu. The Quick Start Settings screen appears. Rebooting the Device 21 Chapter 4 RUGGEDCOM WIN Device Management User Guide 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Figure 9: Quick Start Settings Screen (Standalone Mode) 1. Configured BS IP Box 2. Configured BS Subnet Mask Box 3. Configured BS Default GW IP Address Box 4. Configured Frequency Box 5. Configured Bandwidth Box 6. Authentication Box 7. Service State 8. Apply Button 9. Reboot Button 10. Stop Service Button 11. Restart Service Button 2. Click Reboot. The base station starts to reboot. Section 4.2 Displaying the Current Status To view the current, overall status of the base station, nagivate to Admin General Current Status. The Current Status screen appears. 22 Displaying the Current Status RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 4 User Guide Device Management 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 10: Current Status Screen 1. Current Frequency 2. Current Bandwidth 6. System Time 7. Uptime 8. Tx Status 3. Current Preamble Index 4. Current BS IP Address 5. Current ASN-GW IP Address The following information is displayed: Parameter Description Current Frequency The current frequency measured in kilohertz (kHz) on which the base station is operating. Current Bandwidth Synopsis: { 3.5MHz, 5MHz, 7MHz, 10MHz } The current bandwidth measured in megahertz (MHz) on which the base station is operating. Current Preamble Index Synopsis: { 0 to 31 } Default: 0 The current preamble index shared with subscriber units. Subscriber units use the index for frequency and time synchronization. Neighboring base stations must have unique preamble index values. Current BS IP Address The IP address currently assigned to the base station. Current ASN-GW IP Address ASN-GW Mode Only The IP address currently assigned to the ASN gateway. GPS Time The current UTC date and time from the base station's built-in GPS receiver. Uptime The time, in hours, minutes, and seconds, since the last system restart. Tx Status Synopsis: { Radio Off, Operational } The current status of the base station's RF transmitter. Section 4.3 Displaying Device Information To view information about the base station, such as the current boot version, hardware version etc., navigate to Admin General Device Info. The Device Info screen appears. Displaying Device Information 23 Chapter 4 RUGGEDCOM WIN Device Management User Guide 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 11: Device Info Screen 1. Product Type 2. MAC Address 3. Device Serial Number 4. Boot Version 5. Calibration Version 6. RF Version 7. Hardware Version The following information is displayed: Parameter Product Type Description The four-digit product type. Numbers in the 7000 range indicate a Compact base tation. Numbers in the 7200 range indicate a Pico base station. The last two digits indicate the frequency band. For example, 7235 represents a 3.5 GHz Pico base station. MAC Address The MAC address associated with the base station. Device Serial Number The serial number for the base station. Boot Version Displays the base station boot loader software version. Calibration Version The version of the base station calibration. RF Version The version of the Radio Frequency (RF) hardware subsystem. HW Version The general hardward version for the base station. Section 4.4 Configuring Installation Details Record important details about the base station and its physical location directly in RUGGEDCOM WIN. Details include the site ID, location (i.e. street address, azimuth and inclination), antenna type, primary contact, cell capacity, and serial baudrate. To configure the installation details, do the following: 1. 24 Navigate to Admin General Installation Specifics. The Installation Description screen appears. Configuring Installation Details RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 4 User Guide Device Management 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Figure 12: Installation Description Screen 1. Site ID Box Capacity List 2. 2. Street Address Box 8. Serial Baudrate List 3. Antenna Type List 4. Azimuth Box 5. Inclination Box 6. Contact Details Box 7. Cell Review and set the installation information in the following fields: Parameter Site ID [0..1000000] Description Synopsis: { Unlimited } Default: Default The site identifier for the base station. Multiple base stations may share the same site identifier. Street Address The street address or physical location of the base station. Antenna Type Synopsis: { Omni, Directional, Unknown } Default: Unknown The type of antenna connected to the base station. Azimuth [0..359] Synopsis: { 0 to 359 } Default: 0 The antenna azimuth, in degrees. Inclination [-90..90] Synopsis: { -90 to 90 } Default: 0 The vertical inclination of the antenna, in degrees. Contact Details Installation and service personnel contact information. Cell Capacity Synopsis: { Normal, Large } The configuration parameter for networks larger than 64 subscriber units. Serial Baudrate Synopsis: { 115200, 57600, 38400, 28800, 19200, 14400, 9600 } The serial baud rate of the UART port. 3. Click Apply. Configuring Installation Details 25 Chapter 4 RUGGEDCOM WIN Device Management User Guide Section 4.5 Viewing Statistics RUGGEDCOM WIN records statistics on all uplink and downlink communications, including UL and DL signal strengths and carrier to interference plus noise ratios. Packet counters list UL and DL channels, bytes and packets transmitted and dropped, and packet rates. This section describes how to view and control the statistics collected. CONTENTS * Section 4.5.1, "Enabling/Disabling Select Statistics" * Section 4.5.2, "Viewing and Clearing Ethernet Statistics" * Section 4.5.3, "Viewing and Clearing Traffic Statistics" * Section 4.5.4, "Viewing and Clearing Subscriber Unit Statistics" * Section 4.5.5, "Viewing Subscriber Unit Connection Statistics" Section 4.5.1 Enabling/Disabling Select Statistics To control which statistics are collected by RUGGEDCOM WIN, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin General Statistics Configuration. The Statistics Configuration screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Figure 13: Statistics Configuration pane 2. Configure the following parameters as required: Parameter Disable All Description Synopsis: { False, True } Controls the collection of all statistics. Options include: * True - Disables all statistics collection 26 Viewing Statistics RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 4 User Guide Device Management Parameter Description * False - Enables all statistics collection CPE Link State Synopsis: { ON, OFF } Controls the collection of each registered subscriber unit's link state. Options include: * OFF - Disables statistics collection * ON - Enables statistics collection DL HARQ/MSC Synopsis: { Enable, Disable } Controls the collection of statistics on the minimum, maximum and current HARQ/MCS downlink traffic. Options include: * Disable - Disables statistics collection * Enable - Enables statistics collection UL HARQ/MSC Synopsis: { Enable, Disable } Controls the collection of statistics on the minimum, maximum and current HARQ/MCS uplink traffic. Options include: * Disable - Disables statistics collection * Enable - Enables statistics collection DL and UL CINR/RSSI Synopsis: { Enable, Disable } Controls the collection of statistics on the minimum, maximum and current CINR and RSSI for downlink and uplink traffic. Options include: * Disable - Disables statistics collection * Enable - Enables statistics collection CPE Traffic Synopsis: { Enable, Disable } Controls the collection of statistics on traffic emanating from registered subscriber units. Options include: * Disable - Disables statistics collection * Enable - Enables statistics collection Traffic and Radio on Dashboard Synopsis: { Enable, Disable } Controls the collection of statistics on the flow of downlink and uplink traffic. Options include: * Disable - Disables statistics collection * Enable - Enables statistics collection 3. Click Apply. Section 4.5.2 Viewing and Clearing Ethernet Statistics RUGGEDCOM WIN actively records statistics related to all incoming and outgoing Ethernet traffic, such as traffic rates, packet information, drop rates, etc. Viewing the Ethernet Statistics To view the current Ethernet statistics, navigate to Statistics BS Statistics Ethernet Counters. The Ethernet Statistics screen appears. Viewing and Clearing Ethernet Statistics 27 Chapter 4 RUGGEDCOM WIN Device Management User Guide 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Figure 14: Ethernet Statistics Screen 1. Traffic Statistics 2. 64 Bytes Packets 3. 64-127 Bytes Packets 4. 128-255 Bytes Packets 5. 256-511 Bytes Packets 6. 512-1023 Bytes Packets 7. 1024-1518 Bytes Packets 8. 1519-1522 Bytes Packets 9. Drop Statistics 10. Ethernet Link Transitions 11. Clear Button Traffic Statistics The Traffic Statistics table provides the following statistics related to the overall traffic flow: Parameter Ethernet Direction Description Synopsis: { Input, Output } The traffic direction. 28 Rate (kbits/sec) The traffic flow rate in kilobits per second (kbits/s). Rate (packets/sec) The traffic flow rate in packets per second (packets/s). Packets The total number of packets processed. Bytes The total number of bytes processed. Broadcast Packets The total number of broadcast packets processed. Multicast Packets The total number of multicast packets processed. Viewing and Clearing Ethernet Statistics RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 4 User Guide Device Management Parameter PAUSE Packets Description The total number of PAUSE packets processed. Packets by Size The following information details the size of packets sent and received: Parameter Description 64 Bytes Packets The number of packets received and sent measuring less than 64 bytes. 64-127 Bytes Packets The number of packets received and sent measuring between 64 and 127 bytes. 128-255 Bytes Packets The number of packets received and sent measuring between 128 and 255 bytes. 256-511 Bytes Packets The number of packets received and sent measuring between 256 and 511 bytes. 512-1023 Bytes Packets The number of packets received and sent measuring between 512 and 1023 bytes. 1024-1518 Bytes Packets The number of packets received and sent measuring between 1024 and 1518 bytes. 1519-1522 Bytes Packets The number of packets received and sent measuring between 1519 and 1522 bytes. Dropped Packets The Drop Statistics table provides the following statistics on dropped packets: Parameter Ethernet Direction Description Synopsis: { Input, Output } The traffic direction. Runts The total number of packets that are undersized (i.e. smaller than 64 bytes). Grunts The total number of packets that are oversized (i.e. greater than 64 bytes). These are also referred to as giants. Alignment Error The total number of packets whose size is not divisible by eight. FCS Error The total number of Frame Check Sequence (FCS) errors generated by packets that include error-detecting code. Collision The total number of packet collisions. These occur when a packet is sent at the same time by two or more base stations. The packets are returned to their associated base station and then retransmitted in a timed sequence. Full Buffer Dropped The total number of packets dropped due to a full buffer. Total The total number of packets processed in the specified direction. Ethernet Link Transitions The Ethernet Link Transitions box displays the number of times the base station has lost its physical link to the Ethernet network. Clearing Ethernet Statistics To clear the current statistics, click Clear. Viewing and Clearing Ethernet Statistics 29 Chapter 4 RUGGEDCOM WIN Device Management User Guide Section 4.5.3 Viewing and Clearing Traffic Statistics RUGGEDCOM WIN actively records statistics on the number of packets sent, received and dropped on the LAN and RF networks. Viewing the Traffic Statistics To view the current traffic statistics, navigate to Statistics BS Statistics Traffic Statistics. The Traffic Statistics screen appears. 1 2 Figure 15: Traffic Statistics Screen 1. Data Traffic 2. Clear Button The Data Traffic table provides the following information: Parameter Direction Description Synopsis: { Input, Output } The traffic direction. RF The total number of packets originating from registered subscriber units and sent in the given direction. Network The total number of packets originating from the LAN behind the base station and sent in the given direction. Local The total number of packets originating from the base station itself and sent in the given direction. Drop The total number of packets dropped in the given direction. Clearing Traffic Statistics To clear the current statistics, click Clear. 30 Viewing and Clearing Traffic Statistics RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 4 User Guide Device Management Section 4.5.4 Viewing and Clearing Subscriber Unit Statistics The base station collects statistics on all registered subscriber units, including uplink and downlink signal strengths, carrier to interference plus noise ratios, GPS location, etc. Packet counters list UL and DL channels, bytes and packets transmitted and dropped, and packet rates. Viewing the Subscriber Unit Statistics To view statistics for each registered subscriber unit, navigate to Statistics CPE Statistics SS Statistics. The General Statistics pane appears. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Figure 16: General Statistics pane 1. Aging Time Box 2. SS Statistics Table 3. Clear SS Button 4. Clear Statistics Button 5. Sync Table Button 6. Apply Button The SS Sync Table details the following information for each registered subscriber unit: Column Description SS ID The subscriber unit's identifier. SS Name The subscriber unit's name. Viewing and Clearing Subscriber Unit Statistics 31 Chapter 4 RUGGEDCOM WIN Device Management User Guide Column Description NOTE The name will only appear if the subscriber unit is authenticated by a AAA server. Link The status of the subscriber unit link. Operation Time The up time of the subscriber unit in days, hours, minutes and seconds (i.e. DD:HH:MM:SS). DL RSSI The downlink received signal strength indication for the subscriber unit in decibels/minute (dBm). Includes minimum, maximum, and current values. DL CINR The downlink carrier to interference plus noise ratio for the subscriber unit in decibels (dB). Includes minimum, maximum, and current values. DL MCS Downlink Modulation Coding Scheme (MCS) information, including the minimum, maximum, and current modulation. DL HARQ MCS Downlink Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) Modulation Coding Scheme (MCS) information, including the minimum, maximum, and current modulation. UL Subcarrier Power The combined received power of a subcarrier in decibels relative to one milliwatt (dbm) measured in the BS on Antenna Port 1 and Antenna Port 2. Includes minimum, maximum, and current values. UL CINR The uplink carrier to interference plus noise ratio for the subscriber unit in decibels (dB). Includes minimum, maximum, and current values. UL HARQ MCS Uplink Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) Modulation Coding Scheme (MCS) information, including the minimum, maximum, and current modulation. UL Channels Number The number of uplink channels, including the minimum, maximum, and current number of channels. DL Total Downlink data statistics for the subscriber unit, including total bytes, packets, dropped packets, and rate in kilobits per second. DL Ucast Downlink unicast statistics for the subscriber unit, including total bytes, packets, dropped packets, and rate in kilobits per second. UL Total Uplink data statistics for the subscriber unit, including total bytes, packets, dropped packets, and rate in kilobits per second. MIMO Mode The current Multiple Input Multiple Output mode. Possible values include: MIMO A or MIMO B. Distance The distance measurement from the BS, in meters. GPS Location The latitude and longitude broadcast by the subscriber unit. Only available for subscriber units that have GPS equipped and enabled. Clearing Subscriber Unit Statistics The following options are available for clearing the subscriber unit statistics: * Clearing All Statistics Click Clear Statistics to clear all subscriber unit statistics. * Clearing Statistics for Disconnected Subscriber Units Only Click Clear SU to clear only statistics for subscriber units that are no longer connected to the base station. * Refreshing Statistics Click Sync Table to clear all statistics and start polling the registered subscriber units for updated information. 32 Viewing and Clearing Subscriber Unit Statistics RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 4 User Guide Device Management * Clearing Statistics at a Set Interval Configure the following parameter to clear statistics after a set time period: Parameter Description Default: 1440 Aging Time Defines the time in minutes (m) in which statistics can reside in the SS Statistics Table. Statistics for individual subscriber units are removed automatically when the timer expires. A value of zero (0) disables this feature. Section 4.5.5 Viewing Subscriber Unit Connection Statistics To view statistics recorded by RUGGEDCOM WIN for a specific subscriber unit connection, do the following: 1. Navigate to Subscribers Subscriber Management Registered SS. The Registered SS screen appears. 1 2 3 4 Figure 17: Registered SS Screen 1. Number of Registered SS 2. 2. Registered Subscriber Units 3. Connections Button 4. Capabilities Button Select a subscriber unit and then click Connections. The SS Connections screen appears. Viewing Subscriber Unit Connection Statistics 33 Chapter 4 RUGGEDCOM WIN Device Management User Guide 1 2 3 4 Figure 18: SS Connctions Screen 1. SS ID 3. 2. SS Name 3. Connections 4. Show Counters Button Select a connection and then click Show Counters. The SS Connection Counters screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 19: SS Connection Counters Screen 1. SS ID 2. CID 3. Direction 4. Packets Dropped 5. Packets Sent 6. Bytes Sent 7. Clear Button The following information about the connection is displayed: 34 Viewing Subscriber Unit Connection Statistics RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 4 User Guide Device Management Parameter Description SS ID The Set Service Identifier (SSID) assigned to the associated subscriber unit. CID The Connection Identifier (CID). Direction Synopsis: { DL, UL } The direction of the connection. Options include: * DL - Downlink * UL - Uplink Packets Dropped The total number of packets dropped. Packets Sent The total number of packets sent. Bytes Sent The total number of bytes sent. Section 4.6 Managing Logs RUGGEDCOM WIN maintains the following logs to record information about important events: Log File Description security.log Records information related to security events, such as login information, configuration changes, etc. sw_upgrade.log Records information related to each software upgrade applied to the device. {time stamp}.log Records information related to general events not associated with security. The file name of each log indicates the time at which the events occurred. Activity Log Records all warnings generated by the SQN (Sequance) code. Terminal Log Records all SQN debug information. Terminal Warnings Log Records all SQN warnings. When Syslog is enabled, files are forwarded automatically to a remote Syslog server when an event occurs. Remote Syslog, defined in RFC 3164 [http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3164], is a UDP/IP-based transport protocol that enables a device to send event notification messages across IP networks to event message collectors (Syslog servers). The protocol is designed to simply transport these event messages from the generating device to the collector. Users also have the option of manually sending these files to the remote Syslog server as needed. CONTENTS * Section 4.6.1, "Configuring Syslog" * Section 4.6.2, "Enabling/Disabling Logs" * Section 4.6.3, "Limiting the Size of Log Files" * Section 4.6.4, "Manually Uploading Log Files" Managing Logs 35 Chapter 4 RUGGEDCOM WIN Device Management User Guide Section 4.6.1 Configuring Syslog For redundancy, RUGGEDCOM WIN supports up to two remote Syslog server connections. The server defined under Server IP is considered the primary Syslog server. The server defined under Second Server IP is the secondary server. Should the connection with the primary server be lost, the Syslog service will automatically switch to the secondary server. To configure the System log (Syslog), do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin Logs Management. The Syslog Configuration screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 20: Syslog Configuration Screen 1. Syslog Enable List 2. 3. 2. Server IP Box 3. Second Server IP 4. UDP Port Box 5. Apply Button Under Syslog Enable, select Enable to enable the Syslog service. Configure the following parameters: Parameter Server IP Description Synopsis: IPv4 Address Default: 0.0.0.0 The IP address for the primary Syslog server. Secondary Server IP Synopsis: IPv4 Address Default: 0.0.0.0 The IP address for the secondary Syslog server. UDP Port Synopsis: An integer between 1 and 65535 Default: 514 The UDP port on the primary and second syslog servers to use when uploading log files. 4. Click Apply. Section 4.6.2 Enabling/Disabling Logs All logs are enabled by default. However, select logs can be disabled to improve performance. This is useful when the base station is heavily utilized with subscribers and data. 36 Configuring Syslog RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 4 User Guide Device Management IMPORTANT! Disabling logs removes important information that may be useful during troubleshooting. Only disable logs when necessary. For assistance determining if this step is required, contact Siemens Customer Support. NOTE For information about the different log types, refer to Section 4.6, "Managing Logs". 1. Navigate to Admin General Performance. The Performance screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 21: Performance Screen 1. Security Log List 2. 2. Activity Log List 3. Terminal Logs List 4. Terminal Warnings List 5. Apply Button Configure the following parameters as required: Parameter Security Log Description Synopsis: { Enable, Disable } Default: Enable Enables/disables the logging of security-related events, such as failed login attempts. Activity Log Synopsis: { Enable, Disable } Default: Enable Enables/disables the logging of non-security events to the activity log. Terminal Logs Synopsis: { Enable, Disable } Default: Enable Enables/disables the logging of SQN debug information. Terminal Warnings Synopsis: { Enable, Disable } Default: Enable Enables/disables the logging of SQN warnings. 3. Click Apply. Enabling/Disabling Logs 37 Chapter 4 RUGGEDCOM WIN Device Management User Guide Section 4.6.3 Limiting the Size of Log Files All log files can be restricted to a specific size. When the log file reaches its maximum size, the oldest entries will be removed as new log entries are added. The maximum size can be set to any value between 100 and 2000 KB. This option is useful when experiencing difficulty sending large log files to a remote Syslog server. To set the file size limit, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin Logs Management Log Files. The Log Files screen appears. 1 2 3 4 Figure 22: Log Files Screen 1. File Size Box 2. Log File Options 3. Apply Button 4. Upload File Button 2. Under File Size, enter the maximum file size for all log files. 3. Click Apply. Section 4.6.4 Manually Uploading Log Files While log files are forwarded to the remote Syslog server automatically whenever an event occurs, files can also be forwarded manually as needed. To manually upload the log files to the remote Syslog server, do the following: 1. 38 Navigate to Admin Logs Management Log Files. The Log Files screen appears. Limiting the Size of Log Files RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 4 User Guide Device Management 1 2 3 4 Figure 23: Log Files Screen 1. File Size Box 2. Log File Options 3. Apply Button 4. Upload File Button 2. Select one or more log files to send to the remote Syslog server. 3. Click Upload File. The selected files are forwarded to the remote Syslog server. Section 4.7 Managing System Files This section describes how to upload, download and copy system files on the device. System files include: File Type Example Description Web Resource web.rc The Web user interface configuration file. Defaults SS-Def.xml The default configuration file. UV BS-Val-Unique.xml The custom configuration file. GUI BS-Gui.xml The GUI configuration file. CONTENTS * Section 4.7.1, "Enabling/Disabling SFTP Sessions" * Section 4.7.2, "Configuring the FTP Service" * Section 4.7.3, "Uploading Files to the FTP Server" * Section 4.7.4, "Downloading a File from the FTP Server" * Section 4.7.5, "Copying Files from the Primary Memory Bank to the Secondary Memory Bank" * Section 4.7.6, "Deleting Files from the Secondary Memory Bank" * Section 4.7.7, "Viewing/Cancelling File Transfers" Managing System Files 39 Chapter 4 RUGGEDCOM WIN Device Management User Guide Section 4.7.1 Enabling/Disabling SFTP Sessions Enabling SFTP sessions allows users to manage files on the base station remotely using the Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP). To enable/disable access to the SSH shell, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin Security Remote Shell. The SSH Shell Access screen appears. 1 2 3 Figure 24: SSH Shell Access Screen 1. SSH Shell Access List 2. 2. SFTP Access List 3. Apply Button Configure the following parameter: Parameter SFTP Access Description Synopsis: { Enable, Disable } Default: Enable Enables or disables file management via SFTP. 3. Click Apply. Section 4.7.2 Configuring the FTP Service To configure the FTP service, do the following: 1. 40 Navigate to Admin SW Upgrade FTP Server. The FTP Server Properties screen appears. Enabling/Disabling SFTP Sessions RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 4 User Guide Device Management 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 25: FTP Server Properties Screen 1. Server IP Address Box 2. 2. Directory Box 3. User Name Box 4. Password Box Configure the following parameters: Parameter 3. 5. Apply Button Description Server IP Address The IPv4 address of the FTP server. Directory The path on the FTP server to where software updates for the device are locate, and where device configuration files can be uploaded. User Name The user name required to log into the FTP server. Password The password associated with the user name. Click Apply. If the connection is successful, files can be uploaded to or downloaded from the specified directory on the FTP server. For more information, refer to either Section 4.7.3, "Uploading Files to the FTP Server" or Section 4.7.4, "Downloading a File from the FTP Server". Section 4.7.3 Uploading Files to the FTP Server To upload files from the primary or secondary memory banks to the FTP server, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin SW Upgrade Primary Bank or Secondary Bank. The Primary Components or Secondary Components screen appears. NOTE Files are only available on the Secondary Components screen if a software version has been downloaded to the secondary memory bank. Uploading Files to the FTP Server 41 Chapter 4 RUGGEDCOM WIN Device Management User Guide 1 2 3 4 Figure 26: Primary Components Screen (Example) 1. Available Files 2. Upload File Button 3. Copy File Button 4. Copy Directory Button NOTE File transfers can be viewed and, if needed, cancelled under Admin SW Upgrade File Status. For more information, refer to Section 4.7.7, "Viewing/Cancelling File Transfers". 2. Select one or more files and then click Upload File. The selected file(s) is uploaded to the FTP server. The location on the FTP server is defined under Admin SW Upgrade FTP Server. Section 4.7.4 Downloading a File from the FTP Server To download a file from the FTP server, do the following: NOTE All files downloaded from the FTP server are saved on the secondary memory bank so as to protect the current running configuration. NOTE RUGGEDCOM NMS can be configured to download files from the FTP server to the base station at a specific time and date. For more information, refer to the RUGGEDCOM NMS User Guide. 42 Downloading a File from the FTP Server RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 4 User Guide Device Management 1. Make sure the FTP service is configured. For more information, refer to Section 4.7.2, "Configuring the FTP Service". 2. Navigate to Admin SW Upgrade Downloads. The Downloads screen appears. 1 2 3 Figure 27: Downloads Screen 1. File Type List 3. 4. 2. File Name Box 3. Download Button Under File Type, select the type of file to be downloaded from the FTP server. Options include: Package, VxWorks, Web Resource, CDC and UV. Under File Name, enter the full name of the file to download. NOTE File transfers can be viewed and, if needed, cancelled under Admin SW Upgrade File Status. For more information, refer to Section 4.7.7, "Viewing/Cancelling File Transfers". 5. Click Download. The file is downloaed to the secondary memory bank. Section 4.7.5 Copying Files from the Primary Memory Bank to the Secondary Memory Bank To copy files from the primary memory bank to the secondary memory bank, do the following: 1. Make sure the desired file(s) does not already exist in the secondary memory bank. For information about deleting files from the secondary memory bank, refer to Section 4.7.6, "Deleting Files from the Secondary Memory Bank". 2. Navigate to Admin SW Upgrade Primary Bank. The Primary Components screen appears. Copying Files from the Primary Memory Bank to the Secondary Memory Bank 43 Chapter 4 RUGGEDCOM WIN Device Management User Guide 1 2 3 4 Figure 28: Primary Components Screen 1. Available Files 2. Upload File Button 3. Copy File Button 4. Copy Directory Button NOTE File transfers can be viewed and, if needed, cancelled under Admin SW Upgrade File Status. For more information, refer to Section 4.7.7, "Viewing/Cancelling File Transfers". 3. Select one or more files and then click Copy File. The selected file(s) is copied to the secondary memory bank. Alternatively, click Copy Directory to copy all files to the secondary memory bank. Section 4.7.6 Deleting Files from the Secondary Memory Bank Files on the secondary memory bank must be deleted before files with the same name are copied from the primary memory bank. To delete files from the secondary memory bank, do the following: 1. 44 Navigate to Admin SW Upgrade Secondary Bank. The Secondary Components screen appears. Deleting Files from the Secondary Memory Bank RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 4 User Guide Device Management 1 2 3 4 Figure 29: Secondary Components Screen 1. Available Files 2. 2. Upload File Button 3. Delete File Button 4. Delete Directory Button Select one or more files and then click Delete File. The selected file(s) is deleted from the secondary memory bank. Alternatively, click Delete Directory to delete all files from the secondary memory bank. Section 4.7.7 Viewing/Cancelling File Transfers To view active file transfers and optionally cancel them, do the following: Viewing File Transfers 1. Navigate to Admin SW Upgrade File Status. The File Transfer Status screen appears. 1 2 3 Figure 30: File Transfer Status Screen 1. File Operation Status List Viewing/Cancelling File Transfers 2. List of Files 3. Cancel Button 45 Chapter 4 RUGGEDCOM WIN Device Management 2. User Guide Under File Operation Status, select an operation state. Any files that match that state appear in the table below. Options include: * Finished - Displays all files that were successfully downloaded * Not Started - Displays all files that are waiting to be downloaded * In Process - Displays all files that are currently being downloaded * Failure - Displays all files that were not successfully downloaded Cancelling a File Transfer 1. Under File Operation Status, select In Process. All files that are currently being downloaded appear in the table below. 2. Select one or more files and then click Cancel. A confirmation message appears. 3. Click OK. The selected file transfers are stopped. Section 4.8 Managing Software This section describes how to manage the verson of RUGGEDCOM WIN running on the base station. CONTENTS * Section 4.8.1, "Updating RUGGEDCOM WIN" * Section 4.8.2, "Changing the Active Software Version" * Section 4.8.3, "Restoring Factory Defaults" Section 4.8.1 Updating RUGGEDCOM WIN To upgrade the version of RUGGEDCOM WIN installed on the device, do the following: 46 1. Establish a server that supports secure FTP (File Transfer Protocol) file transfers. 2. Submit a Support Request via Siemens Industry Online Support [https://support.industry.siemens.com]. Information will be provided by Siemens Customer Support on how to download the requested software package. 3. Download the software package to the FTP server. 4. Configure the FTP service on the device to connect to the FTP server. For more information, refer to Section 4.7.2, "Configuring the FTP Service". 5. Download the software package from the FTP server to the secondary memory bank. For more information, refer to Section 4.7.4, "Downloading a File from the FTP Server". 6. Promote the secondary memory bank to the primary memory bank. For more information, refer to Section 4.8.2, "Changing the Active Software Version". Managing Software RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 4 User Guide Device Management Section 4.8.2 Changing the Active Software Version To change version of RUGGEDCOM WIN is currently running on the base station, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin SW Upgrade. The SW Properties screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Figure 31: SW Properties Screen 1. Current Software Version Information Button 2. Run Secondary Button 3. Set As Primary Button 4. Reboot Button 5. Factory Defaults 2. Click Run Secondary. The device reboots with the secondary memory bank loaded. 3. Click Set As Primary. The current memory bank is now the primary memory bank. When the base station reboots, this memory bank will be loaded automatically. Section 4.8.3 Restoring Factory Defaults Settings for RUGGEDCOM WIN can be fully set back to the original factory defaults. When this is done, the CDC and UV files in the primary memory bank are reset to their original state. Any settings or information stored by these files is lost. Changing the Active Software Version 47 Chapter 4 RUGGEDCOM WIN Device Management User Guide NOTE The device is rebooted following each factory reset. To restore factory defaults, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin SW Upgrade. The SW Properties screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Figure 32: SW Properties Screen 1. Current Software Version Information Button 2. Run Secondary Button 3. Set As Primary Button 2. Click Factory Defaults. A confirmation message appears. 3. Click Ok. Factory defaults are restored and the device is rebooted. 4. Reboot Button 5. Factory Defaults Section 4.9 Configuring the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) The Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) specifies the size of the largest network layer protocol data unit that can traverse the base station in a single network transaction. The MTU value includes the Layer 2 header and Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC). 48 Configuring the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 4 User Guide Device Management The maximum size of a data unit is 1530 bytes. However, with mini-jumbo frames enabled, the maximum size is increased to 1599 bytes. IMPORTANT! When jumbo frames are enabled, the whole network must have the same MTU setting. To configure the MTU, do the following: 1. Navigate to Backbone Backbone Admin MTU. The MTU Configuration screen appears. 1 2 3 Figure 33: MTU Configuration screen 1. Maximum Ethernet Size Box 2. Mini-Jumbo Frames Support List 3. Apply Button 2. Under Mini-Jumbo Frames Support, select Enable to enable mini-jumbo frames, or Disable to disable mini-jumbo frames. 3. Under Maximum Ethernet Size, enter the maximum MTU size in bytes. 4. Click Apply. 5. If Mini-Jumbo Frames Support was set to Enabled, reboot the base stattion. Section 4.10 Managing Redundant Base Stations This section describes how to configure base station redundancy. CONTENTS * Section 4.10.1, "Understanding Redundancy" * Section 4.10.2, "Configuring Base Station Redundancy" * Section 4.10.3, "Viewing the Status of Base Station Redundancy" Managing Redundant Base Stations 49 Chapter 4 RUGGEDCOM WIN Device Management User Guide Section 4.10.1 Understanding Redundancy Base station redundancy allows two neighboring RUGGEDCOM base stations to act as backups for one another. If one base station fails, the redundant base station will take over, maintaining continuity of service. The redundancy feature must be enabled and configured on both base stations. 1 1 1 2 2 3 4 3 4 5 6 5 6 2 7 7 8 8 Figure 34: Typical Redundancy Topologies 1. Network 2. L2 Switch/Router 3. Base Station Master (Frequency = F1) 7. Subscriber Unit 8. Field Device 4. Base Station Slave 5. Activity Link (Frequency = F1) 6. Backup Link CONTENTS * Section 4.10.1.1, "Master vs. Slave" * Section 4.10.1.2, "States" * Section 4.10.1.3, "Faults" * Section 4.10.1.4, "Reachability" Section 4.10.1.1 Master vs. Slave The primary goal of the base station and its neighboring base station is to become the Master. As a Master, the base station can start normal operation and begin transmitting on behalf of its registered subscriber units. The other base station remains in a Slave state until the Master loses its status. 50 Understanding Redundancy RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 4 User Guide Device Management Requirements Before the base station is eligible to become the Master, it must meet the following conditions: * The base station has been granted spectrum by the SAS Gateway. Applies only to the RUGGEDCOM WIN7237. * The base station is sychronized with a GPS or PTP time source. * Redundancy is configured and the base station is in Master state. * Radio transmissions from the base station are enabled. If the base station does not meet this criteria at any point, radio transmissions are disabled and the base station relinquishes the Master status to the neighboring base station. Becoming the Master Master status is determined through an election process. The first base station to clear each of the following stages becomes the Master. Stage Transmission Status Criteria to Advance Fault Disabled All internal critical faults must be cleared. Standby Disabled The neighboring base station must not be the Master. Backoff Disabled The standard waiting time must expire. Master On Master state is claimed and radio transmissions are enabled. Section 4.10.1.2 States The base station and its neighbor can be in any one of the following states during operation: Standby, Backoff, Master or Fault. To change the state, the status of the neighboring base station must change or a critical fault in the base station must occur. The following details each state and what action is taken by the base station: Local State States Neighbor State Fault Description Action Standby Master 0 The neighboring base station is the Master. Remain as Slave. Standby Else 0 The neighboring base station has lost the Master status. Move to the Backoff state. Backoff Master 0 The neighboring base station has become the Master. Move to the Standby state. Backoff Else The neighboring base station is not the Master. Wait for the timeout period to expire and then claim Master state. Move to the Master state. Master Master 0 Both base stations have won the Master status. Move to the Backoff state. Master Else 0 The neighboring base station is the Slave. Remain in the Master state. Backoff/ Standby Unknown 0 The neighboring base station or network is unreachable. Move to the Master state. 51 Chapter 4 RUGGEDCOM WIN Device Management User Guide Neighbor State Local State Fault Description Action -- -- Any A critical fault has occured. Move to the Fault state. Fault -- Any A critical fault has occured. Remain in the Fault state until the fault(s) has been cleared. Fault -- 0 The critical fault(s) has been cleared. Move to the Standby state. Section 4.10.1.3 Faults The base station enters the Fault state whenever a critical fault occurs. Each fault is reported as an event. ID Type Description 1 Disconnected Antenna Unable to transmit. 2 PLL Unlock Unable to set the RF frequency. 3 PHY Link Lost Traffic is unable to pass. 4 Over Under Current Fire and RF damage protection. 5 Over Power Fire and RF damage protection. Coexistence, regulation issue. 6 Over Temperature Fire and RF damage protection. 7 GPS Loss Lost TX synchronization with other base stations. 8 PTP Loss Lost TX synchronization with other base stations. 9 Network Unreachable The network is unreachable. For more information, refer to Section 4.10.1.4, "Reachability". 10 Neighbor Unreachable The neighboring base station is unreachable. For more information, refer to Section 4.10.1.4, "Reachability". NOTE This fault only affects the base station when it is not the Master. Section 4.10.1.4 Reachability Since it is impossible to determine if the neighboring base station is unreachable or if a network cable has been disconnected, RUGGEDCOM WIN requires the IP address of up to two additional devices on the network. These devices will be pinged at regular intervals so that if the neighboring base station becomes unreachable, RUGGEDCOM WIN can test the connection to these other devices to determine if the issue is with the neighboring base station or the network itself. The following describes the actions taken based on the reachability status of the neighboring base station and network. 52 Faults RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 4 User Guide Device Management Status Action Neighboring Base Station Network u u No action required. u u Become the master base station. u u Generate a HO Neighbor BS unreachable alarm. u u Generate a Network connectivity alarm. Section 4.10.2 Configuring Base Station Redundancy To configure the redundancy for the base station, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin Redundancy. The Redundancy Settings screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 7 Figure 35: Redundancy Settings Screen 1. Current Redundancy Support 2. Configured Redundancy Support 3. Neighbor BS IP Box 4. BS Status 5. Neighbor BS Status 6. Network Reachability 7. Test Network Reachability IP1 8. Test Network Reachability IP2 9. Apply Button 2. Configure the following parameters: Parameter Configured Redundancy Support Description Synopsis: { Off, On } Default: Off Enables and disables base station redundancy. Options include: * On - Enables redundancy * Off - Disables redundancy Neighbor BS IP The IP address of the neighboring base station used for redundancy. Test Network Reachability { IP1 | IP2 } Synopsis: An IPv4 address Default: 0.0.0.0 Configuring Base Station Redundancy 53 Chapter 4 RUGGEDCOM WIN Device Management User Guide Parameter Description The IP address of another device on the network. If the neighboring base station becomes unreachable, WIN will test the LAN connection to this device to confirm if the problem is with the neighboring base station or the network itself. 3. Make sure the base station is synchronized with either a GPS or PTP time source. For more information, refer to Section 7.2, "Managing GPS" or Section 7.3, "Managing Precision Time Protocol (PTP)". 4. Click Apply and then restart the base station. 5. Navigate to Admin Redundancy and confirm the value of Neighbor BS Status is not Unreachable. For more information, refer to Section 4.10.3, "Viewing the Status of Base Station Redundancy". 6. Configure the same settings on the neighboring base station. Section 4.10.3 Viewing the Status of Base Station Redundancy To view the status of the base station redundancy feature, navigate to Admin Redundancy. The Redundancy Settings screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 7 Figure 36: Redundancy Settings Screen 1. Current Redundancy Support 2. Configured Redundancy Support 3. Neighbor BS IP Box 4. BS Status 5. Neighbor BS Status 6. Network Reachability 7. Test Network Reachability IP1 8. Test Network Reachability IP2 9. Apply Button The following parameters display the status of the base station redundancy feature: Parameter Description Current Redundancy Support Displays the current state of the redundancy feature. BS Status Displays the status of the current base station. Possible values include: * Fault - Either the Neighbor BS or the network is unreachable * Master - This BS is the master * Standby - This BS is the slave. TX off. Neighbor BS Status 54 Displays the status of the neighboring redundant base station. Possible values include: Viewing the Status of Base Station Redundancy RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 4 User Guide Device Management Parameter Description * Fault - Either the Neighbor BS or the network is unreachable * Master - This BS is the master * Standby - This BS is the slave. TX off. Network Reachability Synopsis: { Reachable, Unreachable } Default: Unreachable Indicates the status of the network. Possible values include: * Reachable - At least one of the devices defined under Test Network Reachability IP1 or Test Network Reachability IP2 is reachable * Unreachable - Neither base station defined under Test Network Reachability IP1 or Test Network Reachability IP2 is reachable NOTE Test Network Reachability IP1 and/or Test Network Reachability IP2 must be defined. For more information, refer to Section 4.10.2, "Configuring Base Station Redundancy". Viewing the Status of Base Station Redundancy 55 Chapter 4 Device Management 56 RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide Viewing the Status of Base Station Redundancy RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 5 User Guide System Administration System Administration This chapter describes how to perform various administrative tasks related to device identification, user permissions, alarm configuration, certificates and keys, and more. CONTENTS * Section 5.1, "Setting the Operating Mode" * Section 5.2, "Enabling/Disabling SSH Sessions" * Section 5.3, "Managing Users and Passwords" * Section 5.4, "Managing Alarms" * Section 5.5, "Displaying the Current Switching Mode" Section 5.1 Setting the Operating Mode RUGGEDCOM WIN operates in one of two modes: * Standalone Mode (Default) Standalone mode maintains R1 interoperability with subscriber units, and implements a Layer 2 and Layer 3 forwarding engine directly on the base station. An external, designated third-party Access Service Network (ASN) gateway is not required. The IEEE 802.16 protocol ASN functionality is embedded in the base station and routing ASN tasks are performed by commercial routers and switches selected by the end-user. Standalone mode is designed with enterprise networks in mind and is ideal for modern private wide area wireless requirements. It implements modern techniques for network reliability and security. It is built on the concept of distributing the ASN 802.16e work to all base stations, therefore creating a highly redundant ASN th server while maintaining a central gateway as required by 4G (4 Generation) wireless networks. * ASN-GW Mode ASN-GW (Access Service Network Gateway) mode is available for backwards compatibility. It supports an open R6 interface compatible with Cisco and Tellabs ASN gateways. To set the operating mode, do the following: 1. Navigate to Backbone. The Mode Settings screen appears. Setting the Operating Mode 57 Chapter 5 RUGGEDCOM WIN System Administration User Guide 1 2 3 Figure 37: Mode Settings Screen 1. Current Operation Mode 2. Configured Operation Mode 3. Apply Button NOTE The current operating mode is displayed under Current Operation Mode. 2. 3. Under Configured Operation Mode, select either Standalone or ASN-GW. Click Apply and then reboot the base station. Section 5.2 Enabling/Disabling SSH Sessions Enabling SSH sessions allows users to access the CLI remotely using Secure Shell (SSH). To enable/disable access to the SSH shell, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin Security Remote Shell. The SSH Shell Access screen appears. 1 2 3 Figure 38: SSH Shell Access Screen 1. SSH Shell Access List 2. 2. SFTP Access List 3. Apply Button Configure the following parameter: Parameter SSH Shell Access 58 Description Synopsis: { Enable, Disable } Enabling/Disabling SSH Sessions RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 5 User Guide System Administration Parameter Description Default: Disable Enables or disables remote access via SSH. 3. Click Apply. Section 5.3 Managing Users and Passwords This section describes how to manage users, including adding/removing user profiles and changing their passwords. NOTE Only users with administrator level access can manage user profiles and passwords. CONTENTS * Section 5.3.1, "Adding Users" * Section 5.3.2, "Removing Users" * Section 5.3.3, "Changing User Passwords" Section 5.3.1 Adding Users To add a user profile, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin Security. The Device Access Permissions screen appears. Managing Users and Passwords 59 Chapter 5 RUGGEDCOM WIN System Administration User Guide 1 2 3 Figure 39: Device Access Permissions Screen 1. Users 2. Login Retries Before Trap List 3. Apply Button . A new row appears in the Permitted Users table. 2. Click 3. Configure the following parameters: Parameter User Name Description A unique name assigned to the user profile. NOTE The user name admin is reserved for the root administrator profile. Access Level Synopsis: { admin, oper, guest } The user profiles access level. Options include: * admin - The user has full read/write priveleges * guest - The user has read priveleges only For information about the level of access offered by each privilege level, refer to Section 1.5, "User Permissions". Password The user's password. It is recommended to use a strong password that meets the following criteria: * * * * 60 One lower case character One upper case character One number One special character (i.e. !@#$%^&*()_+-={}[];:',<>/?\|~) 4. Under Retype Password, enter the user's password again the same as it was written under Password. 5. Click Apply. Adding Users RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 5 User Guide System Administration Section 5.3.2 Removing Users To remove a user profile, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin Security. The Device Access Permissions screen appears. 1 2 3 Figure 40: Device Access Permissions Screen 1. Users 2. Login Retries Before Trap List 2. Select a user profile and then click 3. Click Apply. 3. Apply Button . The selected profile is removed. Section 5.3.3 Changing User Passwords To change the password associated with a user profile, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin Security. The Device Access Permissions screen appears. Removing Users 61 Chapter 5 RUGGEDCOM WIN System Administration User Guide 1 2 3 Figure 41: Device Access Permissions Screen 1. Users 2. 2. Login Retries Before Trap List 3. Apply Button Under Password, enter a new password for the desired user. A strong password that meets the following criteria is recommended: * One lower case character * One upper case character * One number * One special character (i.e. !@#$%^&*()_+-={}[];:',<>/?\|~) 3. Under Retype Password, enter the new password again the same as it was written under Password. 4. Click Apply. Section 5.4 Managing Alarms The alarm system in RUGGEDCOM WIN notifies users when events of interest occur. The system includes an extensive list of predefined alarms that can be enabled/disabled as needed. When an event triggers an alarm, the Alarms counter on the dashboard increments by one. 62 Managing Alarms RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 5 User Guide System Administration 3 1 5 2 4 Figure 42: Dashboard 1. Status 2. Registered 3. Downlink 4. Uplink 5. Alarms Users are then encouraged to navigate to Admin Alarms and Traps to view more details about the alarm. CONTENTS * Section 5.4.1, "Alarm Categories and Severities" * Section 5.4.2, "Available Alarms" * Section 5.4.3, "Viewing/Clearing Alarms" Section 5.4.1 Alarm Categories and Severities Each alarm is organized by category and assigned a severity level. Categories Category Description Communication Alarms related to the base station's ability to communicate with the Local Area Network (LAN) and external sources, such as AAA servers, master clock, etc. HW Alarms related to hardware faults. Radio Alarms related to radio transmission faults. Redundancy Alarms related to network redundancy. Other Alarms related to the general operational state of the base station Severity Levels Severity Level Description Clear Clear alarms are notifications that a previous condition has been cleared. Critical Critical alarms represent events that disable all radio transmissions. Major Warning alarms represent events that may disable all radio transmissions and/or affect traffic flows. Alarm Categories and Severities 63 Chapter 5 RUGGEDCOM WIN System Administration User Guide Severity Level Description Warning Warning alarms represent events that only affect traffic flows. Section 5.4.2 Available Alarms RUGGEDCOM WIN features the following predefined alarms: NOTE For information about SNMP traps, refer to Section 10.1.4, "Managing SNMP Traps". Alarm 64 MIB ID Category SNMP Trap Severity Description Restart 2 Other RestartFailure Critical Error: (...user simulated) Antenna 4 Radio Antenna Critical Antenna is disconnected Radio RF closed 4 Radio Radio RF closed Major Radio is closed (shut down) Hardware 7 HW PA Bias current was too high, transmission stopped. Please reboot Critical PA Bias current was too high Radio RF closed 7 Radio CurrentTooHigh Major Radio is closed (shut down) Hardware 8 HW PA Bias current was too low, transmission stopped. Please reboot Critical PA Bias current was too low Hardware 10 HW Radio power is significantly different than requested Critical Radio power is significantly different than requested Radio RF closed 10 HW HW_Fail Major Radio is closed (shut down) Hardware 12 HW PLL unlocked failure Critical PLL unlocked failure Radio RF closed 12 Radio PLLUnlock Major Radio is closed (shut down) WEB login 14 Security WebLoginFailed Warning Error Temperature 17 Other Temperature is above normal [BS/ traps.cpp,188] Major Temperature is above normal Temperature 18 Other Temperature exceeds maximum Critical Temperature exceeds maximum Temperature 18 Radio TemperatureFault Major Radio is closed (shut down) Network Connectivity 20 Redundancy NetworkTestFail Critical Network connectivity is lost LAN connectivity 22 Communication LAN connectivity is lost [BS/ traps.cpp,188] Major LAN connectivity is lost Available Alarms RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 5 User Guide System Administration Alarm MIB ID Category SNMP Trap Severity Description First AAA server is unreachable 23 Communication FirstAAAUnreachable Critical Error Redundancy Neighbor 28 Redundancy RedundantNeighborUnreachable Critical Neighbor BS unreachable Interference Detected. RSSI exceeds threshold 30 Radio InterferenceDetected Warning RF Interference Detected Interference Detected. RSSI exceeds threshold 32 Radio InterferenceDetectedPAoff Major RF Interference Detected Service profile mismatch. MS might be served with default profile. %s 37 Communication SrvpProfileMismatch Warning Error There was a problem establishing the SF for this CPE. SS: %s 38 Communication SrvpSfNotEstablishedForCpe Warning Error Max number of SFs per CPE is exceeded. SS: %s 39 Communication SrvpMaxSfNumberPerCpeExceeded Warning Error Partial Configuration Application. %s 43 None PartialConfigFileNotFound Major '(..user simulated)' file not present Partial Configuration Application. %s 44 None PartialConfigFilesCorrupted Major '(..user simulated)' file corrupted Partial Configuration Application. %s 45 None PartialConfigParamNotApplied Major Parameter with OID '(..user simulated)' not applied Partial Configuration Application. %s 46 None PartialConfigSPApplyFailed Major Service Profiles apply failed Second AAA server is unreachable 47 Communication SecondAAAUnreachable Critical Error AAA Holdover state is active 49 Communication AAAHoldoverIsActive Critical Error Https certificate 51 Communication HttpsDefaultCert Warning Using Default Certidicate HO Neighbor BS unreachable 52 Communication HONeighborBSUnreachable Warning Error HO Neighbor BS unreachable 53 Communication HONeighborBSReachable Warning Ok Fatal occurred on last run 54 Communication LastFatalTrap Critical Error: (..user simulated) Radio RF closed 57 Radio RadioOff Major Radio is Closed (shut down) Redundancy State 59 Redundancy RedunMasterActive Major Enter Master mode Redundancy State 60 Redundancy RedunStandbyActive Major Enter Standby mode Redundancy State 61 Redundancy RedunElectionBackoff Major Backoff Redundancy State 62 Redundancy RedunFaultActive Critical Faults exist GPS Device 76 Communication Gps Device - Sync Loss Major Sync Loss Available Alarms 65 Chapter 5 RUGGEDCOM WIN System Administration Alarm User Guide MIB ID Category SNMP Trap Severity Description GPS Sync State 77 Communication GPS Sync State - Enter Holdover Major Enter Holdover GPS Sync State 79 Communication GpsSyncLost Major Enter Sync-Loss GPS Sync State 80 Communication GPS Sync State - Enter Warmup Major Enter Warmup Timing Unlock 87 Communication TimingSyncNotOk Major Timing Sync Loss Timing 89 Communication 'Timing OK' is not defined in the Traps Table Major PPSS Switched source to GPS Timing 90 Communication 'TimingPpssSwitchedPtp' is not defined in the Traps Table Major PPSS Switched source to PTP Timing 91 Communication 'TimingPpssNoSource' is not defined in the Traps Table Major PPSS Error no source available PTP Sync State 97 Communication 'PtpHoldover' is not defined in the Traps Table Major Enter Holdover PTP Sync State 99 Communication 'PtpSyncLoss' is not defined in the Traps Table Major Enter Sync-Loss PTP Sync Master 100 Communication 'PtpListening' is not defined in the Traps Table Major Change Master ID Configuration UV file 101 Other 'PtpChangeMaster' is not defined in the Traps Table Major File corupt Using Defaults Section 5.4.3 Viewing/Clearing Alarms Active system alarms are displayed in the user interface and can be cleared once resolved. Viewing Alarms To view the list of all predefined alarms, navigate to Admin Alarms and Traps. The System Alarms screen appears. 66 Viewing/Clearing Alarms RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 5 User Guide System Administration 1 3 2 4 5 Figure 43: System Alarms Screen 1. Number of Critical Alarms 2. Number of Major Alarms 3. Number of Warning Alarms 4. Alarms 5. Clear Alarm/s Button The Number of Critical Alarms, Number of Major Alarms and Number of Warning Alarms boxes indicate the number of active alarms based on their severity. This information is also displayed on the dashboard. For more information, refer to Section 2.4.1, "Dashboard". The Alarms Table provides additional information about each alarm: Column Description Name The alarm type. For information about each alarm type, refer to Section 5.4.2, "Available Alarms". Status Synopsis: { On, Off } Indicates if the alarm type is enabled (On) or disabled (Off). Severity Synopsis: { Clear, Critical, Major, Warning } The severity of the alarm. Category Synopsis: { Restart, Communication, RF, Hardware, Security, Environmental, Redundancy, Services, Link Status } The category for the alarm type. Last Description A message describing the alarm. Last Update Time The date and time when the alarm was last activated. Viewing/Clearing Alarms 67 Chapter 5 RUGGEDCOM WIN System Administration User Guide Clearing Alarms To clear alarms that have been resolved, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin Alarms and Traps. The System Alarms screen appears. 1 3 2 4 5 Figure 44: System Alarms Screen 1. Number of Critical Alarms 2. Number of Major Alarms 3. Number of Warning Alarms 4. Alarms 5. Clear Alarm/s Button 2. Select one or more alarms. 3. Click Clear Alarm/s. Each of the selected alarms is marked as Clear under the Severity column. Section 5.5 Displaying the Current Switching Mode To determine the current switching mode, navigate to Backbone Switching Switching Settings. The Switching Settings screen appears. 68 Displaying the Current Switching Mode RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 5 User Guide System Administration 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 45: Switching Settings Screen 1. Current Switching Mode 2. Current Mode of Block Broadcast Between CPEs Table Aging Time 5. Apply Button 3. Block Broadcast Between CPEs List 4. MAC Address The current switching mode is under Current Switching Mode. Displaying the Current Switching Mode 69 Chapter 5 System Administration 70 RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide Displaying the Current Switching Mode RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 6 User Guide Security Security This chapter describes how to configure and manage the security-related features of RUGGEDCOM WIN. CONTENTS * Section 6.1, "Configuring Brute Force Attack Protection" * Section 6.2, "Enabling Ethernet Port Shutdown Mode" * Section 6.3, "Managing Certificates and Keys" * Section 6.4, "Configuring RADIUS Authentication" * Section 6.5, "Managing Wireless Authentication" Section 6.1 Configuring Brute Force Attack Protection Protect against Brute Force Attacks (BFA) by configurig the maximum number of failed login attempts a host is allowed before an SNMP trap is triggered. IMPORTANT! BFA protection is not applicable to SNMP. Folow proper security practices for configuring SNMP. For example: * Do not use SNMP over the Internet * Use a firewall to limit access to SNMP * Do not use SNMPv1 To configure the maximum number of failed login attempts, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin Security. The Device Access Permissions screen appears. Configuring Brute Force Attack Protection 71 Chapter 6 RUGGEDCOM WIN Security User Guide 1 2 3 Figure 46: Device Access Permissions Screen 1. Users 2. 2. Login Retries Before Trap List 3. Apply Button Configure the following parameter: Parameter Login Retries Before Trap Description Synopsis: { Never Send Trap, 1 Attempt, 3 Attempts, 10 Attempts } Default: 10 Attempts The maximum number of times a host can attempt to login to the Base Station before an SNMP trap is triggered. Options include: * * * * 3. Never Send Trap - disabled Brute Force Attack (BFA) protection 1 Attempt - hosts have only one chance to successfully login to the Base Station 3 Attempts - hosts have three chances to successfully login to the Base Station 10 Attempts - hosts have 10 chances to successfully login to the Base Station Click Apply. Section 6.2 Enabling Ethernet Port Shutdown Mode When Ethernet Port Shutdown mode is enabled, the base station will advertise an Eth Down message to all registered subscriber units when its physical Ethernet connection has been disconnected. Subscriber units configured to receive these messages will then halt all traffic to the base station for specified period of time. Traffic will resume if the physical connection is restored before the subscriber unit's time expires. Some subscriber units may also be configured to immediatley scan for a new base station when this event occurs. To enable Ethernet Port Shutdown mode, do the following: 1. 72 Navigate to Admin Security Ethernet Port Shutdown. The Ethernet Port Shutdown screen appears. Enabling Ethernet Port Shutdown Mode RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 6 User Guide Security 1 2 Figure 47: Ethernet Port Shutdown Screen 1. Ethernet Port Shutdown Mode List 2. Apply Button 2. Under Ethernet Port Shutdown Mode, select Enable. 3. Click Apply. 4. For each participating subscriber unit, configure the following parameters: Parameter Description BS Ethernet Port Shutdown Determines if the subscriber unit can receive Ethernet port shutdown messages from the serving base station. Set this parameter to Enable. Ethernet Interface Blink Duration The time in seconds (s) to wait after the serving base station advertises that its physical Ethernet connection has been disconnected. No packets will be sent during this time. If no messages are received from the serving base station before this timer expires, the subscriber unit assumes the physical connection has been restored and resumes sending packets. Start Fast NE When BS Port is Down Determines if the subscriber unit will connect to a different base station when the serving base station's physical Ethernet connection has been disconnected. For more information about these parameters, refer to the RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide for the subscriber units. Section 6.3 Managing Certificates and Keys RUGGEDCOM WIN uses X.509v3 certificates and keys to establish secure connections for remote logins (SSH) and Web access (SSL). To allow for initial configuration, all RUGGEDCOM WIN base stations are shipped from the factory with a default HTTPS certificate and private key. Siemens recommends these be replaced by a certificate and private key signed by a trusted Certificate Authority (CA). Managing Certificates and Keys 73 Chapter 6 RUGGEDCOM WIN Security User Guide NOTE Only admin users can read/write certificates and keys on the device. CONTENTS * Section 6.3.1, "Updating the Certificate and Private Key" * Section 6.3.2, "Setting the Private Key Passphrase" * Section 6.3.3, "Generating SSH Keys" Section 6.3.1 Updating the Certificate and Private Key To load certificates and/or keys, do the following: NOTE Replacement certificates and private keys must meet the following requirements: 1. 74 Certificate Requirements Key Requirements * Format: PEM * File Name: httpscert.pem * Maximum Size: 20 kb * * * * Format: PEM File Name: httpskey.pem Maximum Size: 4 kb Password: 1 to 16 characters long Navigate to Admin HTTPS Certificate. The Load HTTPS Certificates screen appears. Updating the Certificate and Private Key RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 6 User Guide Security 1 2 4 3 5 6 Figure 48: Load HTTPS Certificates Screen 1. Certificate Verify Result 2. Prviate Key Passphrase Box 6. Certificate Verify Button 3. Certificates and Keys 4. Browse Button 5. Load File Button 2. Select the certificate or private key, and then click Browse. A dialog box appears. 3. Use the dialog box to locate and select the new certificate or private key. 4. Click Load File. If the file is loaded successfully, Success appears in the Certificate Transfer Status column. Section 6.3.2 Setting the Private Key Passphrase To verify the authenticity of the private key, the passphrase set in RUGGEDCOM WIN must match the passphrase in the key file. To the set the passphrase, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin Security HTTPS Certificate. The Load HTTPS Certificates screen appears. Setting the Private Key Passphrase 75 Chapter 6 RUGGEDCOM WIN Security User Guide 1 2 4 3 5 6 Figure 49: Load HTTPS Certificates Screen 1. Certificate Verify Result 2. Prviate Key Passphrase Box 6. Certificate Verify Button 3. Certificates and Keys 4. Browse Button 5. Load File Button 2. Under Private Key Passphrase, enter the expected passphrase. 3. Click Certificate Verify. The verification results are displayed under Certificate Verify Result. Section 6.3.3 Generating SSH Keys To reboot the device and generate new SSH keys, do the following: CAUTION! Security hazard - risk of unauthorized access and/or exploitation. It is important to generate new SSH keys when commissioning the base station to prevent unauthorized access by users using the default SSH keys. NOTE Key generation can take up to 5 minutes to complete. 1. 76 Navigate to Admin Security SSH Keys. The SSH Keys screen appears. Generating SSH Keys RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 6 User Guide Security 1 Figure 50: SSH Keys Screen 1. Generate SSH Keys Button 2. Click Generate SSH Keys. The device reboots and generates new SSH keys. Section 6.4 Configuring RADIUS Authentication When RUGGEDCOM WIN is configured to use a Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS), all Web logins are verified against a AAA (Authentication, Authorizing and Accounting) authentication server. If RADIUS authentication is not enabled, Web logins are authenticated locally by the base station. To configure RADIUS authentication, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin Security Radius Login. The Radius Login Settings screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 51: Radius Login Settings Screen 1. RADIUS Login List 2. Allow Local Login List 6. NAS ID Box 7. Apply Button 2. 3. Login AAA IP Address Box 4. Login AAA Port Box 5. Login AAA Secret Box Configure the following parameter: Parameter RADIUS Login Configuring RADIUS Authentication Description Synopsis: { Enable, Disable } 77 Chapter 6 RUGGEDCOM WIN Security User Guide Parameter Description Default: Disable Enables or disables RADIUS Authentication mode. Allow Local Login Synopsis: { Yes, No } Default: Yes Allows or prevents users to log in using admin@local. Options include: * Yes - Users can login using admin@local. * No - Users cannot login using admin@local. Only user names defined under Admin Security Access Permissions can access the base station. Users will also be unable to access options under Admin Security to enable local login access while there is an active connection to the RADIUS server. Only If the connection to the configured AAA servers is lost is access restored. 3. Login AAA IP Address The IP address of the RADIUS server. Login AAA Port The port on the RADIUS server used for remote authentication. Login AAA Secret The secrete key shared between the base station and RADIUS server. This is used to encrypt passwords and exchange responses. NAS ID The Network Access Server (NAS) ID. This ID is used by the RADIUS server to determine the correct policy to use for the authentication request. The value can be an FQDN of the NAS or any unique string to identify the NAS. Click Apply. Section 6.5 Managing Wireless Authentication This section describes how to enable and configure wireless authentication for the base station. * ASN-GW Mode In ASN-GW mode, the base station is authenticated by the ASN gateway. * Standalone Mode In Standalone mode, the base station is authenticated by a AAA (Authentication, Authorization and Accounting) server. Up to two servers (primary and secondary) can be defined for redundancy. If the primary server is unreachable, the base station will automatically switch to the secondary server. If both servers are unreachable, the base station will go into a holdover state until one of the servers is back online. CONTENTS * Section 6.5.1, "Configuring Wireless Authentication" * Section 6.5.2, "Enabling Wireless Authentication" * Section 6.5.3, "Configuring AAA Server Settings" * Section 6.5.4, "Enabling/Disabling a AAA Server" * Section 6.5.5, "Selecting the Active AAA Server" * Section 6.5.6, "Viewing the Status of AAA Servers" * Section 6.5.7, "Configuring AAA-Based Accounting" 78 Managing Wireless Authentication RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 6 User Guide Security Section 6.5.1 Configuring Wireless Authentication To enable and configure wireless authentication for the base station, do the following: 1. Enable wireless authentication. For more information, refer to Section 6.5.2, "Enabling Wireless Authentication". 2. When in Standalone mode: a. Configure AAA server settings (i.e. keepalive, AK lifetime, etc.), and define the primary and secondary servers. For more information, refer to Section 6.5.3, "Configuring AAA Server Settings". b. Enable a AAA server. For more information, refer to Section 6.5.4, "Enabling/Disabling a AAA Server". c. Select the active AAA server. For more information, refer to Section 6.5.5, "Selecting the Active AAA Server". Section 6.5.2 Enabling Wireless Authentication To enable wireless authentication, do the following: 1. Navigate to Wireless Wireless Security Authentication. The Authentication Settings screen appears. Configuring Wireless Authentication 79 Chapter 6 RUGGEDCOM WIN Security User Guide 1 2 3 4 5 7 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Figure 52: Wireless Security Authentication Settings Screen 1. Current Authentication Mode 2. Authentication List 3. Current Accounting Mode 4. Accounting List 5. AAA Servers 6. Port Acct Box 7. AAA Keep Alive List 8. AAA Holdover List 9. Holdover State 10. AK Lifetime Box 11. Accounting Interim Interval 12. NAS ID 13. KeepAlive Username Box 14. KeepAlive Password Box 15. Apply Button 16. Enable Server Button 17. Disable Server Button 18. Switch Server Button NOTE The current setting is displayed under Current Authentication Mode. 2. 3. 4. 80 Under Authentication, select Enable. Click Apply. Reboot the base station. For more information, refer to Section 4.1, "Rebooting the Device". Enabling Wireless Authentication RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 6 User Guide Security Section 6.5.3 Configuring AAA Server Settings To configure settings for AAA servers, do the following: 1. Navigate to Wireless Wireless Security Authentication. The Authentication Settings screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 7 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Figure 53: Authentication Settings Screen 1. Current Authentication Mode 2. Authentication List 3. Current Accounting Mode 4. Accounting List 5. AAA Servers 6. Port Acct Box 7. AAA Keep Alive List 8. AAA Holdover List 9. Holdover State 10. AK Lifetime Box 11. Accounting Interim Interval 12. NAS ID 13. KeepAlive Username Box 14. KeepAlive Password Box 15. Apply Button 16. Enable Server Button 17. Disable Server Button 18. Switch Server Button 2. Configure the following parameters: Parameter AAA Keep Alive Description Synopsis: { Enable, Disable } Enables and disables AAA Keep Alive mode. When enabled, a keep-alive message is sent to the AAA server every 10 seconds. If the AAA server does not respond Configuring AAA Server Settings 81 Chapter 6 RUGGEDCOM WIN Security User Guide Parameter Description within 10 seconds and a secondary AAA server is defined, the base station defaults to the secondary server. However, if a secondary AAA server is not defined, the FirstAAAUnreachable trap is triggered. Synopsis: { Enable, Disable } AAA Holdover Enables and disables AAA Holdover mode. When enabled, the AK Lifetime setting is ignored for all registered subscriber units that are operational when the AAA server becomes unreachable. These devices are allowed to operate until a AAA server is accessible. 3. AK Lifetime The maximum life time of authentication key in days. A value of zero (0) means the authentication key does not expire. KeepAlive Username The user name required by the AAA server. KeepAlive Password The password required by the AAA server. In the AAA Configuration Table, define the available AAA servers: Parameter IP Description Synopsis: An IPv4 address The IP address for the AAA server. Port Synopsis: An integer The AAA server's port number. Secret Synopsis: A string The secret required by the AAA server. 4. Click Apply. 5. Select the primary AAA server. For more information, refer to Section 6.5.5, "Selecting the Active AAA Server". Section 6.5.4 Enabling/Disabling a AAA Server Whenever possible, both AAA servers used by the base station should be enabled via RUGGEDCOM WIN. If the current server in use is disabled for any reason, the other server will automatically become the primary. To enable or disable a AAA server, do the following: 1. 82 Navigate to Wireless Wireless Security Authentication. The Authentication Settings screen appears. Enabling/Disabling a AAA Server RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 6 User Guide Security 1 2 3 4 5 7 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Figure 54: Wireless Security Authentication Settings Screen 1. Current Authentication Mode 2. Authentication List 3. Current Accounting Mode 4. Accounting List 5. AAA Servers 6. Port Acct Box 7. AAA Keep Alive List 8. AAA Holdover List 9. Holdover State 10. AK Lifetime Box 11. Accounting Interim Interval 12. NAS ID 13. KeepAlive Username Box 14. KeepAlive Password Box 15. Apply Button 16. Enable Server Button 17. Disable Server Button 18. Switch Server Button 2. Select the desired AAA server and then click either Enabled or Disabled. Section 6.5.5 Selecting the Active AAA Server To select the active AAA server, do the following: 1. Navigate to Wireless Wireless Security Authentication. The Authentication Settings screen appears. Selecting the Active AAA Server 83 Chapter 6 RUGGEDCOM WIN Security User Guide 1 2 3 4 5 7 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Figure 55: Wireless Security Authentication Settings Screen 1. Current Authentication Mode 2. Authentication List 3. Current Accounting Mode 4. Accounting List 5. AAA Servers 6. Port Acct Box 7. AAA Keep Alive List 8. AAA Holdover List 9. Holdover State 10. AK Lifetime Box 11. Accounting Interim Interval 12. NAS ID 13. KeepAlive Username Box 14. KeepAlive Password Box 15. Apply Button 16. Enable Server Button 17. Disable Server Button 18. Switch Server Button 2. If Server In Use indicates Disabled for the desired AAA server, enable the server. For more information, refer to Section 6.5.4, "Enabling/Disabling a AAA Server". 3. Select the AAA server and then click Switch Server. Section 6.5.6 Viewing the Status of AAA Servers To view the status of the AAA servers, navigate to Wireless Wireless Security Authentication. The Authentication Settings screen appears. 84 Viewing the Status of AAA Servers RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 6 User Guide Security 1 2 3 4 5 7 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Figure 56: Wireless Security Authentication Settings Screen 1. Current Authentication Mode 2. Authentication List 3. Current Accounting Mode 4. Accounting List 5. AAA Servers 6. Port Acct Box 7. AAA Keep Alive List 8. AAA Holdover List 9. Holdover State 10. AK Lifetime Box 11. Accounting Interim Interval 12. NAS ID 13. KeepAlive Username Box 14. KeepAlive Password Box 15. Apply Button 16. Enable Server Button 17. Disable Server Button 18. Switch Server Button The status of each AAA server is displayed by the AAA Configuration Table under the following columns: Column Description Keep Alive Synopsis: { Success, Failed, N/A } The keepalive state of the AAA server. Possible values: * Success - The AAA server is active * Failed - The AAA server is inactive * N/A - The AAA server is unreachable Server State Synopsis: { Active, Standby } The current state of AAA server. Possible values: * Active - The AAA server is active Viewing the Status of AAA Servers 85 Chapter 6 RUGGEDCOM WIN Security User Guide Column Description * Standby - The AAA server is in standby Server in Use Synopsis: { Inuse, Disabled } Indicates which AAA server is in use. Possible values: * Inuse - The AAA server is being used currently for wireless authentication * Disabled - The AAA server is not in use by the base station Section 6.5.7 Configuring AAA-Based Accounting AAA-Based Accounting is used by the base station to collect data such as data octets count, data packets count, and active time in seconds from registered subscriber units, for billing purposes. When Accounting is enabled, the base station sends interim requests to the AAA server using RADIUS Acct-Interim-Messages on a preconfigured interval, and reports the cumulative volume counters for each SS IP Session. Once the subscriber unit de-registers from the network for any reason, the base station will signal the AAA server using RADIUS to stop collecting data. To configure AAA-Based Accounting, do the following: 1. 86 Navigate to Wireless Wireless Security Authentication. The Authentication Settings screen appears. Configuring AAA-Based Accounting RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 6 User Guide Security 1 2 3 4 5 7 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Figure 57: Wireless Security Authentication Settings Screen 1. Current Authentication Mode 2. Authentication List 3. Current Accounting Mode 4. Accounting List 5. AAA Servers 6. Port Acct Box 7. AAA Keep Alive List 8. AAA Holdover List 9. Holdover State 10. AK Lifetime Box 11. Accounting Interim Interval 12. NAS ID 13. KeepAlive Username Box 14. KeepAlive Password Box 15. Apply Button 16. Enable Server Button 17. Disable Server Button 18. Switch Server Button NOTE The current setting is displayed under Current Authentication Mode. 2. 3. Under Accounting, select Enable to enable the service. In the Port Acct (Accounting Port) box, enter the port number to be used for accounting. The default port for the Radius server is 1813. 4. In the Accounting Interim Interval box, enter a number between 600 and 86400 to set the reporting interval, in seconds. 5. Click Apply. Configuring AAA-Based Accounting 87 Chapter 6 Security 88 RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide Configuring AAA-Based Accounting RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 7 User Guide Time Synchronization Time Synchronization This chapter describes how to synchronize the date and time with an external source. CONTENTS * Section 7.1, "Configuring Time Synchronization" * Section 7.2, "Managing GPS" * Section 7.3, "Managing Precision Time Protocol (PTP)" Section 7.1 Configuring Time Synchronization The base station can be configured to receive the current time and date from a GPS or IEEE 1588 time source. IMPORTANT! Time synchronization can take up to one minute, depending on the accuracy of the time source. To configure time synchronization, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin Synchronization Synchronization Settings. The Synchronization Settings screen appears. Configuring Time Synchronization 89 Chapter 7 RUGGEDCOM WIN Time Synchronization User Guide 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 58: Synchronization Settings Screen 1. Current Time Synchronization Mode 2. Configured Time Synchronization Mode List 4. System Time 5. Time Zone 6. Stop Tx Mode 7. Apply Button 2. 3. Current Time Synchronization Source Configure the following parameters: Parameter Configured Time Synchronization Mode Description Synopsis: { GPS, IEEE1588, NONE, IEEE1588 and GPS fallback } Default: GPS The time source. Options include: * GPS - Time is synchronized with a GPS source * IEEE1588 - Time is synchronized with an IEEE 1588 source * NONE - Time is not synchronized with an external source * IEEE1588 and GPS fallback - Time is synchronized with an IEEE 1588 source. However, should that source stop providing updates, the base station will switch to the GPS source. Time Zone Synopsis: A string The time zone in which the device resides. Note that UTC/GMT time zones conform to the POSIX style and have their signs reversed from common usage. In POSIX style, zones west of the GMT zone have a negative sign, while zones east of the GMT zone have a positive sign. Stop Tx Mode Synopsis: { True, False } Enables or disables Stop Tx mode. Options include: * True - Enables Stop Tx mode. In this mode, the base station will stop all radio transmissions if synchronization with the time source is lost. * False - Disables Stop Tx mode. 90 3. Click Apply and then reboot the base station. 4. Configure the selected time source. For more information, refer to either Section 7.2.1, "Configuring the GPS Time Source" or Section 7.3.2, "Configuring the Precisition Time Protocol (PTP)". Configuring Time Synchronization RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide Chapter 7 Time Synchronization Section 7.2 Managing GPS The base station is configured to use GPS by default. This section describes how to view GPS settings and information, and how to disable and enable the GPS received for testing and troubleshooting. CONTENTS * Section 7.2.1, "Configuring the GPS Time Source" * Section 7.2.2, "Viewing GPS Time Source Information" * Section 7.2.3, "Viewing Detected GPS Satellites" Section 7.2.1 Configuring the GPS Time Source To configure the GPS, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin Synchronization GPS. The GPS screen appears. Managing GPS 91 Chapter 7 RUGGEDCOM WIN Time Synchronization User Guide 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Figure 59: GPS Screen 1. Current GPS Hardware Support Mode 2. Configured GPS Hardware Support Mode Box 3. Current Loop Filter BW 4. Synchronization State 5. Latitude 6. Longitude 7. Height 8. Time Advertisdement Enabled 9. Detected Satellites Button 2. 10. Apply Configure the following parameters: Parameter Configured GPS Hardware Support Mode Description Synopsis: { OFF, ON } Default: ON Enables or disables the GPS receiver. Options include: * ON - Normal operation. The base station maintains synchronization with the GPS. * OFF - For testing and other special cases. The base station does not attempt to synchronize with the GPS. Use this option for testing, for installations with a single base station, or for other instances where GPS is not used. The current state of the GPS is displayed under Current GPS Hardware Support Mode. Time Advertisement Enabled 92 Synopsis: { True, False } Default: False Configuring the GPS Time Source RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 7 User Guide Time Synchronization Parameter Description When enabled, the time received by the GPS is advertised to the subscriber units. Options include: * True - Enables time advertisement * False - Disables time advertisement 3. Click Apply and then reboot the base station. Section 7.2.2 Viewing GPS Time Source Information To view information received from the GPS time source, navigate to Admin Synchronization GPS. The GPS screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Figure 60: GPS Screen 1. Current GPS Hardware Support Mode 2. Configured GPS Hardware Support Mode Box 3. Current Loop Filter BW 4. Synchronization State 5. Latitude 6. Longitude 7. Height 8. Time Advertisdement Enabled 9. Detected Satellites 10. Apply Button Viewing GPS Time Source Information 93 Chapter 7 RUGGEDCOM WIN Time Synchronization User Guide The following information is displayed: Parameter Current GPS Hardware Support Mode Description Synopsis: { OFF, ON } The current state of the GPS subsystem. Current Loop Filter BW Synopsis: An integer between 1 and 10 The current loop filter bandwidth. Synchronization State Synopsis: { Search HW, Init, Operational, Holdover, Sync Loss, Disabled } The synchronization state of the GPS subsystem. Possible values include: Search HW, Init, Operational, Holdover, Sync Loss, Disabled. Latitude The terrestrial latitude in degrees (), as received from the GPS time source. Longitude The terrestrial longitude in degrees (), as received from the GPS time source. Height The height above sea level in meters (m), as received from the GPS time source. Section 7.2.3 Viewing Detected GPS Satellites To view the GPS satellites detected by the base station, navigate to Admin Synchronization GPS. The GPS screen appears. 94 Viewing Detected GPS Satellites RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 7 User Guide Time Synchronization 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Figure 61: GPS Screen 1. Current GPS Hardware Support Mode 2. Configured GPS Hardware Support Mode Box 3. Current Loop Filter BW 4. Synchronization State 5. Latitude 6. Longitude 7. Height 8. Time Advertisdement Enabled 9. Detected Satellites 10. Apply Button The Satellite Table details the following information for each GPS satellite that is in view: Parameter Description Satellite ID The ID of the GPS satellite. Receive Power The received signal strength in decibels/minute (dBm). Viewing Detected GPS Satellites 95 Chapter 7 RUGGEDCOM WIN Time Synchronization User Guide Section 7.3 Managing Precision Time Protocol (PTP) This section describes how to configure and manage the Precision Time Protocol (PTP) to receive time updates from an IEEE 1588 time source. CONTENTS * Section 7.3.1, "Understanding Precision Time Protocol (PTP)" * Section 7.3.2, "Configuring the Precisition Time Protocol (PTP)" * Section 7.3.3, "Viewing the Status of the Precision Time Protcol (PTP)" Section 7.3.1 Understanding Precision Time Protocol (PTP) The Precision Time Protocol (PTP) is a standard method of synchronizing network clocks over Ethernet. RUGGEDCOM WIN supports PTP v2, which is defined by the IEEE 1588 working group in the IEEE 1588-2008 standard. PTP is a distributed protocol that allows multiple clocks in a network to synchronize with one another. These clocks are organized into a master-slave synchronization hierarchy with a grandmaster clock at the top of the hierarchy, which determines the reference time for the entire system. Synchronization is achieved via the exchange of PTP timing messages. Slave clocks use the timing information in PTP messages to adjust their time to that of the master in their part of the hierarchy. The PTP protocol executes within a logical scope called a domain. The time established via the protocol within one domain is independent of the time in other domains. A PTP v2 system may consist of a combination of both PTP-aware and PTP-unaware devices. There are five basic PTP device types/modes defined in the IEEE 1588-2008 standard: * Ordinary Clocks * Boundary Clocks * End-to-End Transparent Clocks * Peer-to-Peer Transparent Clocks * Management Nodes RUGGEDCOM WIN supports Peer-to-Peer Transparent Clock and End-to-End Transparent Clock modes: * A Peer-to-Peer Transparent Clock forwards all messages just as a normal bridge, router, or repeater does. The difference is that a Peer-to-Peer Transparent Clock also computes the residence time (message departure time message arrival time) and link delay (packet propagation delay between peer ports) and adds this information in PTP event messages (which carry timestamps). * The End-to-End Transparent Clock supports the use of the end-to-end delay measurement mechanism between slave clocks and the master clock. It forwards all messages just as a normal bridge, router or repeater does. The difference is that an End-to-End Transparent Clock computes the residence time (message departure time message arrival time) and adds this information to PTP event messages (messages that carry a time-stamp). 96 Managing Precision Time Protocol (PTP) RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 7 User Guide Time Synchronization Section 7.3.2 Configuring the Precisition Time Protocol (PTP) The base station can be configured to synchronize with redundant IEEE 1588 time sources. Synchronization only occurs when the time source's Grandmaster (GM) ID matches the ID configured in RUGGEDCOM WIN. To configure PTP, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin Synchronization IEEE1588. The IEEE1588 screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 62: IEEE1588 Screen 1. Current Status 2. Current Master Clock ID 3. Current GM ID 6. Redundant Configured GM ID Box 7. Apply Button 2. 4. Subdomain Router 5. Primary Configuration GM ID Box Configure the following parameters: Parameter Primary Configured GM ID Description Default: 00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00 The Grandmaster (GM) ID of the primary IEEE 1588 time source. The base station will not synchronize with the time source if the default value is retained. Redundant Configured GM ID 3. The Grandmaster (GM) ID of the secondary IEEE 1588 time source. The base station will not synchronize with the time source if the default value is retained. Click Apply. Section 7.3.3 Viewing the Status of the Precision Time Protcol (PTP) To view the status of PTP and the information received from the IEEE 1588 time source, navigate to Admin Synchronization IEEE1588. The IEEE1588 screen appears. Configuring the Precisition Time Protocol (PTP) 97 Chapter 7 RUGGEDCOM WIN Time Synchronization User Guide 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 63: IEEE1588 Screen 1. Current Status 2. Current Master Clock ID 3. Current GM ID 6. Redundant Configured GM ID Box 7. Apply Button 4. Subdomain Router 5. Primary Configuration GM ID Box The following information is displayed: Parameter Current Status Description The current synchronization state. Possible states include: * Clock Synchronized - The base station is synchronized with the IEEE 1588 time source Sychronizing Internal Clock - The base station is synchronizing with the IEEE 1588 time source 98 Current Master Clock ID The ID of the IEEE 1588 time source the base station is currently listening to. Current GM ID The ID of the IEEE 1588 Grandmaster clock source the base station is currently listening to. Subdomain Number The IEEE 1588 subdomain the base station is currently listening to. Viewing the Status of the Precision Time Protcol (PTP) RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 8 User Guide Subscriber Units Subscriber Units This section describes how to manage registered subscriber units via the base station. CONTENTS * Section 8.1, "Adding a Pre-Provisioned Subscriber Unit" * Section 8.2, "Configuring Uplink and Downlink Settings" * Section 8.3, "Resetting the Password for a Subscriber Unit" * Section 8.4, "Rebooting a Subscriber Unit" * Section 8.5, "Deregistering Subscriber Units" * Section 8.6, "Listing the IP Addresses for Registered Subscriber Units " * Section 8.7, "Accessing the Management Interface for Registered Subscriber Units" * Section 8.8, "Managing Router Adjacency" * Section 8.9, "Managing Ethernet Traffic" * Section 8.10, "Managing Handover" * Section 8.11, "Monitoring Registered Subscriber Units" * Section 8.12, "Listing Subscriber Unit Connections" * Section 8.13, "Listing Subscriber Unit Capabilities" Section 8.1 Adding a Pre-Provisioned Subscriber Unit Only registered subscriber units that have been assigned a Service Set Identifier (SSID) can be associated with a service profile. The SSID is a unique, user-defined 32 octet character sequence that identifies the subscriber unit. In RUGGEDCOM WIN, the subscriber unit's MAC address is used as the SSID. NOTE Subscriber units added by the user are referred to as pre-provisioned, as opposed to a self-learned subscriber unit that is discovered dynamically by RUGGEDCOM WIN. To add a pre-provisioned subscriber unit, do the following: 1. Navigate to Subscribers Subscriber Management Pre-Provisioned SS. The Pre-Provisioned SS screen appears. Adding a Pre-Provisioned Subscriber Unit 99 Chapter 8 RUGGEDCOM WIN Subscriber Units User Guide 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 64: Pre-Provisioned SS Screen 1. Pre-Provisioned Subscriber Units 2. Apply Button 3. SS Configuration Button 4. Service Profile Button 5. VLAN Button . A new row appears in the Pre-Provisioned SS Table. 2. Click 3. Under SSID, enter the MAC address for the new subscriber unit. 4. Click Apply. 5. Configure the uplink and downlink settings for the subscriber unit. For more information, refer to Section 8.2, "Configuring Uplink and Downlink Settings". 6. [Optional] Assign a service profile to the subscriber unit. For more information, refer to Section 9.3.3.5, "Assigning a Service Profile to a Subscriber Unit". 7. [Optional] Assign a VLAN ID to the subscriber unit. For more information, refer to Section 9.3.3.5, "Assigning a Service Profile to a Subscriber Unit". Section 8.2 Configuring Uplink and Downlink Settings The configure the uplink and downlink settings for a registered subscriber unit, do the following: 100 Configuring Uplink and Downlink Settings RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 8 User Guide Subscriber Units CAUTION! Configuration error - risk of reduced performance. The configuration of individual subscriber units is recommended only for advanced users. Do not change the default settings unless instructed to by a Siemens Customer Support representative. 1. Make sure Current DL Link Adaptation Mode for Link Adaptation is set to manual. For more information, refer to Section 12.2.4.1, "Configuring Link Adaptation". 2. Navigate to Subscribers Subscriber Management Pre-Provisioned SS. The Pre-Provisioned SS screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 65: Pre-Provisioned SS Screen 1. Pre-Provisioned Subscriber Units 3. 2. Apply Button 3. SS Configuration Button 4. Service Profile Button 5. VLAN Button Select the desired subscriber unit from the list and then click SS Configuration. The SS Configuration screen appears. Configuring Uplink and Downlink Settings 101 Chapter 8 RUGGEDCOM WIN Subscriber Units User Guide 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Figure 66: SS Configuration Screen 1. SS ID 2. DL MCS List 3. DL Repitition List 4. DL Matrix List 5. UL MCS List 6. UL Repitition List 7. UL Max Channels Box 8. Harq DL MCS List 9. Harq DL Repitition List 10. Harq UL MCS List 11. Harq UL Repitition List 12. Apply Button 4. Configure the following settings for downlink communications: Parameter DL MCS Description Synopsis: { qpsk-ctc-1/2, qpsk-ctc-3/4, qam16-ctc-1/2, qam16-ctc-3/4, qam64-ctc-2/3, qam64-ctc-3/4, qam64-ctc-5/6 } Default: qpsk-ctc-1/2 The Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) index value for downlink communications. For a details about each available option, refer to Section 1.3, "Supported Modulation Techniques". DL Repetition Synopsis: { 1 repetition, 2 repetitions, 4 repetitions, 6 repetitions } Default: 1 repetition The number of times the transmission is repeated. This parameter is only valid when DL MCS is set to qpsk-ctc-1/2. DL Matrix Synopsis: { SISO, MIMO A, MIMO B } Default: MIMO A The MIMO scheme used for downlink transmissions. Options include: * SISO - A data stream is sent over a single antenna * MIMO A - The same data stream is sent over a both antennas * MIMO A - Independent data streams are sent over each antenna Harq DL MCS Synopsis: { qpsk-ctc-1/2, qpsk-ctc-3/4, qam16-ctc-1/2, qam16-ctc-3/4, qam64-ctc-2/3, qam64-ctc-3/4, qam64-ctc-5/6 } Default: qpsk-ctc-1/2 The Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) index value used for the retransmission of packets for downlink communications. For a details about each available option, refer to Section 1.3, "Supported Modulation Techniques". 102 Configuring Uplink and Downlink Settings RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 8 User Guide Subscriber Units Parameter Harq DL Repetition Description Synopsis: { 1 repetition, 2 repetitions, 4 repetitions, 6 repetitions } Default: 1 repetition The number of times failed downlink transmissions are repeated. 5. Configure the following settings for uplink communications: Parameter UL MCS Description Synopsis: { qpsk-ctc-1/2, qpsk-ctc-3/4, qam16-ctc-1/2, qam16-ctc-3/4, qam64-ctc-2/3, qam64-ctc-3/4, qam64-ctc-5/6 } Default: qpsk-ctc-1/2 The Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) index value for uplink communications. For a details about each available option, refer to Section 1.3, "Supported Modulation Techniques". UL Repetition Synopsis: { 1 repetition, 2 repetitions, 4 repetitions, 6 repetitions } Default: 1 repetition The number of times the transmission is repeated. This parameter is only valid when UL MCS is set to qpsk-ctc-1/2. UL Max Channels (1..35) Synopsis: An integer between 1 and 35 Default: 35 The UL MAX allocated subchannels for the SU device. Harq UL MCS Synopsis: { qpsk-ctc-1/2, qpsk-ctc-3/4, qam16-ctc-1/2, qam16-ctc-3/4, qam64-ctc-2/3, qam64-ctc-3/4, qam64-ctc-5/6 } Default: qpsk-ctc-1/2 The Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) index value used for the retransmission of packets for uplink communications. For a details about each available option, refer to Section 1.3, "Supported Modulation Techniques". Harq UL Repetition Synopsis: { 1 repetition, 2 repetitions, 4 repetitions, 6 repetitions } Default: 1 repetition The number of times failed uplink transmissions are repeated. 6. Click Apply. Section 8.3 Resetting the Password for a Subscriber Unit The administrator (admin) password for a registered subscriber unit can be reset to its factory default via the base station. The factory default password is listed under Section 2.1, "Default User Names and Passwords". To reset the password required to log in to one of the regiestered subscriber units, do the following: 1. Navigate to Subscribers Recovery Options. The SS Remote Recovery Functions screen appears. Resetting the Password for a Subscriber Unit 103 Chapter 8 RUGGEDCOM WIN Subscriber Units User Guide 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 67: SS Remote Recovery Functions 1. Registered Subscriber Units 2. Reset Password Button 3. Deregister Button 4. Unlock Ethernet Traffic Button 5. Reboot Button 2. Select the desired subscriber unit and then click Reset Password. A confirmation message appears. 3. Click OK. Section 8.4 Rebooting a Subscriber Unit To remotely reboot a registered subscriber unit via the base station, do the following: 1. 104 Navigate to Subscribers Recovery Options. The SS Remote Recovery Functions screen appears. Rebooting a Subscriber Unit RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 8 User Guide Subscriber Units 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 68: SS Remote Recovery Functions 1. Registered Subscriber Units 2. Reset Password Button 3. Deregister Button 4. Unlock Ethernet Traffic Button 2. Select the desired subscriber unit and then click Reboot. A confirmation message appears. 3. Click OK. 5. Reboot Button Section 8.5 Deregistering Subscriber Units Subscriber units must be deregistered from the base station whenever their associated service flow definition is changed. Each subscriber unit will automatically re-register with the base station at the next interval, now using the updated service flow. Deregistering an Individual Subscriber Unit To deregister an individual subscriber unit, do the following: 1. Navigate to Subscribers Subscriber Management Registered SS. The Registered SS screen appears. Deregistering Subscriber Units 105 Chapter 8 RUGGEDCOM WIN Subscriber Units User Guide 1 2 3 4 Figure 69: Registered SS Screen 1. Number of Registered SS 6. Reboot Button 2. 2. Registered Subscriber Units 3. Connections Button 4. Capabilities Button 5. Deregister Button Select a subscriber unit and then click Deregister. Deregistering All Subscriber Units To quickly deregister all subscriber units, stop all base station transmissions. For more information, refer to Section 12.1, "Starting/Stopping Transmissions". Section 8.6 Listing the IP Addresses for Registered Subscriber Units To list the IP adresss for all registerd subscriber units, navigate to Subscribers Subscriber Management SS IP Addresses. The Registered SS IP Addresses screen appears. 106 Listing the IP Addresses for Registered Subscriber Units RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 8 User Guide Subscriber Units 1 2 3 Figure 70: Registered SS IP Adresses 1. Registered Subscriber Units 2. Get SS IP Button 3. Open SS GUI Button The IP address for each subscriber unit is listed under IP Address in the table. If the IP address of a subscriber unit is suspected of being incorrect, select the subscriber unit from the list and then click Get SS IP. The selected subscriber unit is queried for its current IP address. Section 8.7 Accessing the Management Interface for Registered Subscriber Units The access the management interface for a registered subscriber unit, do the following: 1. Navigate to Subscribers Subscriber Management SS IP Addresses. The Registered SS IP Addresses screen appears. Accessing the Management Interface for Registered Subscriber Units 107 Chapter 8 RUGGEDCOM WIN Subscriber Units User Guide 1 2 3 Figure 71: Registered SS IP Adresses 1. Registered Subscriber Units 2. 2. Get SS IP Button 3. Open SS GUI Button Select the desired subscriber unit and then click Open SS GUI. The management interface appears in a new browser window or tab. Section 8.8 Managing Router Adjacency This section describes how to address the problem of router adjacency. CONTENTS * Section 8.8.1, "Understanding Router Adjacency" * Section 8.8.2, "Enabling/Disabling Broadcasts Between Subscriber Units" Section 8.8.1 Understanding Router Adjacency A Layer 3 network using routing protocols such as IS-IS (Intermediate System - Intermediate System) or OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) creates phantom links between subscriber units. This is undesirable, as multiple link adjencies will form between subscriber unit routers on the same sector and quickly fill the IS-IS or OSPF database. The number of adjencies will be double the number of subscriber units plus one ([2 x Subscriber Units] + 1). As a result, convergence times will be increased and Operation Centers/NOCs will be flooded with alarms if the base station becomes unreachable. In a Layer 2 routing domain, router adjency should always follow the physical links on the router. In a broadcast domain, as in WiMAX, adjacencies are sometimes formed between routers with no physical connection between them. The phantom adjacencies must be eliminated whenever possible to minimize route convergence times and simplify the IS-IS or OSPF routing tables. RUGGEDCOM WIN allows base stations to broadcast packets over-the-air. Transmissions between subscriber units is disabled by default. 108 Managing Router Adjacency RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 8 User Guide Subscriber Units Section 8.8.2 Enabling/Disabling Broadcasts Between Subscriber Units To enable or disable broadcasts between subscriber units, do the following: 1. Navigate to Backbone Switching Switching Settings. The Switching Settings screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 72: Switching Settings Screen 1. Current Switching Mode 2. Current Mode of Block Broadcast Between CPEs Address Table Aging Time 5. Apply Button 2. 3. Block Broadcast Between CPEs List 4. MAC Under Block Broadcast Between CPEs, select one of the following options: NOTE The current setting is displayed under Current Mode of Block Broadcast Between CPEs. * Disable - Non-VLAN tagged broadcast/multicast frames are forwarded over-the-air from one subscriber unit to another * Enable - Non-VLAN tagged broadast/multicast frames are not forwarded over-the-air from one subscriber unit to another 3. Click Apply and then restart the base station. Section 8.9 Managing Ethernet Traffic This section describes how to view and manage Ethernet traffic being sent to and from specific subscriber units. CONTENTS * Section 8.9.1, "Unlocking Ethernet Traffic" * Section 8.9.2, "Viewing/Clearing Subscriber Unit Traffic Data" Enabling/Disabling Broadcasts Between Subscriber Units 109 Chapter 8 RUGGEDCOM WIN Subscriber Units User Guide Section 8.9.1 Unlocking Ethernet Traffic When the Ethernet Lock feature is enabled in a subscriber unit, and the Ethernet connection is disconnected for any reason, the device will automatically lock and no data will be forwarded. This feature can be reset from the base station without logging in to the subscriber unit. To unlock a subscriber unit, do the following: 1. Navigate to Subscribers Recovery Options. The SS Remote Recovery Functions screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 73: SS Remote Recovery Functions 1. Registered Subscriber Units 2. Reset Password Button 3. Deregister Button 4. Unlock Ethernet Traffic Button 5. Reboot Button 2. Select the desired subscriber unit and then click Unlock Ethernet Traffic. A confirmation message appears. 3. Click OK. Section 8.9.2 Viewing/Clearing Subscriber Unit Traffic Data The base station monitors and records the number of packets sent by each registered subscriber unit, including packets that were dropped. Viewing Traffic Data To view the amount of traffic sent by an individual subscriber unit, do the following: 1. 110 Navigate to Subscribers Subscriber Management Registered SS. The Registered SS screen appears. Unlocking Ethernet Traffic RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 8 User Guide Subscriber Units 1 2 3 4 Figure 74: Registered SS Screen 1. Number of Registered SS 6. Reboot Button 2. 2. Registered Subscriber Units 3. Connections Button 4. Capabilities Button 5. Deregister Button Select a subscriber unit and then click Connections. The SS Connections screen appears. Viewing/Clearing Subscriber Unit Traffic Data 111 Chapter 8 RUGGEDCOM WIN Subscriber Units User Guide 1 2 3 4 Figure 75: SS Connctions Screen 1. SS ID 3. 2. SS Name 3. Connections 4. Show Counters Button Click Show Counters. The SS Connection Counters screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 76: SS Connection Counters Screen 1. SS ID 2. CID 3. Direction 4. Packets Dropped 5. Packets Sent 6. Bytes Sent 7. Clear Button The SS Connection Counters screen lists the following information: 112 Viewing/Clearing Subscriber Unit Traffic Data RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 8 User Guide Subscriber Units Parameter Description SS ID The subscriber unit's ID. CID The subscriber unit's connection ID. Direction The direction of traffic. Possible values include: * DL - Traffic is sent from the base station to the subscriber unit * UL - Traffic is sent from the subscriber unit to the base station Packets Dropped The number of packets dropped by the base station or subscriber unit. Packets Sent The number of packets received from or sent to the subscriber unit. Bytes Sent The total size of all packets (in bytes) successfully received from or sent to the subscriber unit. Clearing Traffic Data To clear the data, click Clear. All counters are reset. Section 8.10 Managing Handover This section describes how to manage the seamless handover of subscriber units to neighboring base stations. IMPORTANT! Handover must be permitted by each participating subscriber unit. For RUGGEDCOM WIN subscriber units, this is done by enabling the Failover BS and Allow NBR Scanning parameters. IMPORTANT! Handover features are only available when the base station is in Standalone mode. For more information about Standalone mode, refer to Section 5.1, "Setting the Operating Mode". CONTENTS * Section 8.10.1, "Understanding Handover" * Section 8.10.2, "Configuring Handover" * Section 8.10.3, "Managing Neighboring Base Stations" * Section 8.10.4, "Configuring DCD Triggers" * Section 8.10.5, "Configuring Scanning Reports" * Section 8.10.6, "Verifying the Handover Configuration" * Section 8.10.7, "Manually Handing Over Subscriber Units" Managing Handover 113 Chapter 8 RUGGEDCOM WIN Subscriber Units User Guide Section 8.10.1 Understanding Handover Handover is a technique for making sure each subscriber unit is served by the base station with the best signal strength and quality. It makes sure that when a subscriber unit needs to transition from its current Serving Base Station (SBST) to a Target Base Station (TBST) it is able to do so with as little disruption to the wireless service as possible. Handover is necessary when the signal strength (RSSI) is weak, the signal quality (CINR) is poor, or the time between respones (RTD) is too long. Specific thresholds for each can be defined using Downlink Channel Descriptor (DCD) triggers, which can initiate the handover process automatically. Specific subscriber units can also be handed over manually when needed to another base station, referred to as a neighboring base station. There are different handover techniques: * Controlled Handover Consists of an action phase and prepration phase. * Uncontrolled Handover Consists of an action phase and a limited prepration phase. * Unpredictive Handover Consists of an action phase only. RUGGEDCOM WIN allows for handover to take place between base stations with different central frequencies (referred to as Inter-Frequncy Handover) using the Unpredictive Handover technique. 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 77: Inter-Frequency Handover Using the Unpredictive Handover Technique 1. Internet 2. R6/R8 Network 3. Serving Base Station (Current) 4. Target Base Station (Neighbor) 5. Subscriber Unit CONTENTS * Section 8.10.1.1, "Neighboring Base Stations" 114 Understanding Handover RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 8 User Guide Subscriber Units * Section 8.10.1.2, "DCD Triggers" * Section 8.10.1.3, "Handover in Standalone Mode" Section 8.10.1.1 Neighboring Base Stations To accelerate the handover process, base stations in sight of the current base station can be added to a list of possible handover targets. These are referred to as neighboring base stations. Subscriber units looking to migrate to another base station can refer to this advertised list, rather than perform timely scanning. Up to 32 base stations can be added to the neighboring base station list. Section 8.10.1.2 DCD Triggers Downlink Channel Descriptor (DCD) triggers allow for the automatic handover of subscriber units. Each trigger monitors one or more metrics and performs actions if those metrics exceed the defined thresholds. The following is an example of a DCD trigger definition: Index Metric Duration Value Function Action 1 CINR 60 22 Sbs less abs value Scanning 2 CINR 60 3 Nbs greater than rel value Handover In this example, subscriber units are told to scan for a new serving base station when the base station's CINR falls below 22 dB. The handover process is started automatically when a neighboring base station's CINR is 3 dB greater than the current base station's CINR reading. NOTE It is considered best practice in deployed networks to configure at least one DCD trigger with a scanning action. This will prevent subscriber units from constantly scanning for neighboring base stations. Section 8.10.1.3 Handover in Standalone Mode Configuration of the handover function is the same when the base station is in either Standalone or ASN-GW mode. The handover process is also the same from the perspective of registered subscriber units. However, some characteristics of the handover process on the base station side are important to understand. A Layer 2 Network is Required Handover in Standalone mode assumes the base station is part of a fully Layer 2 network. Therfore, if any Layer 3 routers are positioned between the base station and the core network, a Layer 2 tunnel must be established to allow subscriber units to perform the handover. Neighboring Base Stations 115 Chapter 8 RUGGEDCOM WIN Subscriber Units User Guide To illustrate, consider the following scenario: 1. Traffic flows between the serving base station (BST1) and the subscriber unit (SU). 2. The subscriber unit (SU) is ranging to the target base station (BST2) until its reaches threshold. 3. The subscriber unit (SU) signals to the target base station (BST2) its intention to register. The target base station (BST2) requests information (i.e. MAC, VLAN, service profile, authentication context, etc.) about the subscriber unit (SU) from the serving base station (BST1) using the R8 interface. 4. The serving base station (BST1) supplies the requested information. 5. The target base station (BST2) issues a gratuitious ARP to the router to make sure it knows how to find the subscriber unit (SU). 6. Traffic now flows through the target base and the handover is complete. 1 5 2 4 3 1 6 4 3 2 5 Figure 78: Handover in Standalone Mode 1. Internet 2. R6/R8 Network 3. Serving Base Station (Current) (Neighbor) 5. Subscriber Unit 4. Target Base Station Standalone Mode vs. ASN-GW Mode The following table demonstrates the differences in the handover process between Standalone and ASN-GW mode: ASN mode 116 SA mobility Latency (Handover Ttime) Backbone latency can cause long HO time Lower HO time - Only BST to BST communication needed, normally the BST's are collocated or physically close. Layer 3 Fully supported Via L2 tunnels Layer 2 Not supported MS stays connected to L2 network even when moved to another BST Security AK (shared secret) sent unencrypted between ASN-GW and BST (assumes secured network) More secure, NO AK keys are sent, the Master session keys sent encrypted between AAA and the BST Handover in Standalone Mode RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 8 User Guide Subscriber Units ASN mode SA mobility Mobile IP Required on ASN-GW or host Not required IP Address Allocation DHCP Static or DHCP Scalability Unlimited number of base stations and subscriber units Number of base stations and subscriber units is limited Section 8.10.2 Configuring Handover To configure the handover feature, do the following: 1. Configure Downlink Channel Descriptor (DCD) triggers to control when handover occurs. For more information, refer to Section 8.10.4, "Configuring DCD Triggers". IMPORTANT! For successful handovers, each base station selected as a valid handover candidate must share the same configuration as the current base station (e.g. service flows, VLANs, DUIC, UIUC, etc.). 2. Add one or more neighboring base stations to the list of potential target base stations. This can be done manually or by using auto discovery to automatically find local base stations. For more information, refer to Section 8.10.3.1, "Adding a Neighbor". 3. Configure the Media Access Control (MAC) layer settings for DCDs. For more information, refer to Section 12.2.2, "Configuring the MAC Layer Settings". 4. Make sure one or more subscriber units are configured to participate in the handover process. For more information, refer to the RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide for the subscriber units. Section 8.10.3 Managing Neighboring Base Stations This section describes how to configure and manage neighboring base stations. Up to 32 possible handover targets can be added to the list of neighboring base stations. CONTENTS * Section 8.10.3.1, "Adding a Neighbor" * Section 8.10.3.2, "Verifying the Configuration of a Neighbor" Section 8.10.3.1 Adding a Neighbor Neighboring base stations can be added through auto discovery or added manually. Defining a Neighboring Base Station through Auto Discovery 1. Navigate to Wireless MAC Neighbor BS. The Neighbor Settings screen appears. Configuring Handover 117 Chapter 8 RUGGEDCOM WIN Subscriber Units User Guide 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 79: Neighbor Settings Screen 1. Number of NBR 2. Neighboring Base Stations 3. NBR Auto Sync Interval Box 6. Verify Configuration Button 7. Move CPE to Neighbor Button 4. Apply Button 5. Auto Discovery Button . A new row appears in the Neighbor BS Table. 2. Click 3. [Optional] Configure on or both of the following parameters fully or insert partially values. Only base stations that match will be offered as neighboring base stations. Parameter Description BSID The neighboring base station's MAC address. IP Address Synopsis: An IPv4 address The neighboring base station's IP address. 4. 118 Click Auto Disocvery. The BS Auto Discovery screen appears. Adding a Neighbor RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 8 User Guide Subscriber Units 1 2 Figure 80: BS Auto Discovery Screen 1. Discovered Base Stations 2. Use Button NOTE If no base stations are listed, either the current base station has no neighbors or the BSID and/or IP Address need to be updated. 5. Select one or more base stations from the list and then click Use. The selected base stations are added to the list of neighboring base stations. IMPORTANT! For successful handovers, each base station selected as a valid handover candidate must share the same configuration as the current base station (e.g. service flows, VLANs, DUIC, UIUC, etc.), with the exception of the Operational Mode setting. Operational Mode must be set to Auto for each handover candidate. 6. View the configuration of each selected base station and confirm which are valid neighbors (i.e. have the same conifiguration as the current base station). For more information, refer to Section 8.10.3.2, "Verifying the Configuration of a Neighbor". Manually Defining a Neighboring Base Station To manually define a neighboring base station, do the following: 1. Navigate to Wireless MAC Neighbor BS. The Neighbor Settings screen appears. Adding a Neighbor 119 Chapter 8 RUGGEDCOM WIN Subscriber Units User Guide 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 81: Neighbor Settings Screen 1. Number of NBR 2. Neighboring Base Stations 3. NBR Auto Sync Interval Box 6. Verify Configuration Button 7. Move CPE to Neighbor Button 4. Apply Button 5. Auto Discovery Button . A new row appears in the Neighbor BS Table. 2. Click 3. Configure the following parameters: Parameter Description BSID The neighboring base station's MAC address. IP Address Synopsis: An IPv4 address The neighboring base station's IP address. Preamble Index Synopsis: An integer The neighboring base station's preamble index. For RUGGEDCOM WIN base stations, the preamble index number is listed under Wireless Radio and Frame Frame Settings. Frequency Synopsis: An integer The frequency in kilohertz (kHz) at which the neighboring base station operates. 120 Adding a Neighbor RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 8 User Guide Subscriber Units Parameter Description For RUGGEDCOM WIN base stations, the frequency is listed under Wireless Radio and Frame Radio Settings. DCD Count Synopsis: An integer between 0 and 255 The value of the configuration change count of the Downlink Channel Descriptor (DCD). The value must be equal to the DCD Count under Wireless Radio and Frame Frame Settings. UCD Count Synopsis: An integer between 0 and 255 The value of the configuration change count of the Uplink Channel Descriptor (UCD). The value must be equal to the UCD Count under Wireless Radio and Frame Frame Settings. Restart Count Synopsis: An integer The number of sector restarts since the base station was last powered on. EIRP Synopsis: An integer The neighboring base station's Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP) in decibels over isotropic (dBi). TTG Synopsis: An integer The neighboring base stations Transmit Transition Gap (TTG) in milliseconds (ms). TTG is the time between the transmission and reception of frames. The base station will not transmit any data during this time period. RTG Synopsis: An integer The neighboring base stations Receive Transition Gap (RTG) in milliseconds (ms). RTG is the time between the reception and transmission of frames. The base station will not transmit any data during this time period. Initial Ranging Codes Synopsis: An integer between 0 and 255 The number of initial ranging CDMA codes. Periodic Ranging Codes Synopsis: An integer between 0 and 255 The number of periodic ranging CDMA codes. BW Req Codes Synopsis: An integer between 0 and 255 The number of bandwidth request codes. HO Ranging Codes Synopsis: An integer between 0 and 255 The number of handover ranging codes. RNG Codes Group Starts Synopsis: An integer The starting number (S) for the group of codes used for the uplink. If not defined, the default value is set to zero (0). All ranging codes used on the uplink are between S and ((S+O+N+M+L) mod 256), where: * * * * O is the number of handover ranging codes N is the number of initial ranging codes M is the number of periodic ranging codes L is the number of bandwidth request codes The range of values is 0 S 255. 4. 5. Under Operational Mode, select Auto. Under NBR Auto Sync Interval, enter the time in seconds (s) for the base station to wait before scanning for neighbors. A value of 255 is recommended to fully optimize the handover process. Adding a Neighbor 121 Chapter 8 RUGGEDCOM WIN Subscriber Units User Guide 6. Click Apply. 7. View the configuration of the base station and confirm if the base station is a valid neighbor (i.e. has the same conifiguration as the current base station). For more information, refer to Section 8.10.3.2, "Verifying the Configuration of a Neighbor". Section 8.10.3.2 Verifying the Configuration of a Neighbor To successfully handover a subscriber unit to a neighboring base station, the neighboring (target) base station and the current (service) base station must be identical (e.g. service flows, VLANs, DUIC, UIUC, etc.). To view the configuration of a neighboring base station, do the following: 1. Navigate to Wireless MAC Neighbor BS. The Neighbor Settings screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 82: Neighbor Settings Screen 1. Number of NBR 2. Neighboring Base Stations 3. NBR Auto Sync Interval Box 6. Verify Configuration Button 7. Move CPE to Neighbor Button 122 4. Apply Button 5. Auto Discovery Button Verifying the Configuration of a Neighbor RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 8 User Guide 2. Subscriber Units Select a base station and then click Verify Configuration. The NBR Configuration Verification Screen appears. 1 2 3 Figure 83: NBR Configuration Verification Screen 1. Configuration 2. Update Delay Box 3. Update Button 3. [Optional] Under Update Delay, set the number of seconds (s) to wait before updating the configuration and then click Update. 4. Not any differences reported. If the differences are indicated, consider removing the base station as a handover candidate. Section 8.10.4 Configuring DCD Triggers To configure a Downlink Channel Descriptor (DCD) trigger, do the following: NOTE For information about DCD triggers, refer to Section 8.10.1.2, "DCD Triggers". 1. Navigate to Wireless MAC DCD Triggers. The DCD Triggers screen appears. Configuring DCD Triggers 123 Chapter 8 RUGGEDCOM WIN Subscriber Units User Guide 1 3 2 4 5 6 3. Index Box 4. Metric List 7 8 9 Figure 84: DCD Triggers Screen 1. Number of DCD Triggers 2. DCD Triggers 8. Action List 9. Apply Button 2. Click 5. Duration Box 6. Value Box 7. Function List . A new row appears in the DCD Table. NOTE An index number is assigned automatically to the DCD trigger under Index once the configuration is applied. 3. Configure the following parameters as required: Parameter Metric Description Synopsis: { CINR, RSSI, Distance } Default: CINR The DCD metric. Options include: * CINR - Carrier-to-Interference and Noise Ratio * RSSI - Radio Signal Strengh Indication * Distance - The distance from the serving base station in meters. The Distance metric can be used only with the Distance from Sbs in meters function and Handover action Duration Synopsis: An integer between 1 and 100 Default: 40 The number of continuous matching frame samples that must meet the configured value before action can be taken. The Value parameter must be defined. Value Synopsis: An integer between -100 and 100 Default: 16 The trigger value (RSSI, CINR or Distance) used when comparing measured metrics. The Metric parameter must be defined. Function Synopsis: { Nbs greater abs value, Nbs less abs value, Nbs greater rel value, Nbs less rel value, Sbs greater abs value, Sbs less abs value, Distance from Sbs in meters } Default: Sbs greater abs value The metric function. Options include: * Nbs greater abs value - The metric (e.g. CINR or RSSI) measured at the target (neighboring) base station is greater than the absolute value specified 124 Configuring DCD Triggers RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 8 User Guide Subscriber Units Parameter Description * Nbs less abs value - The metric (e.g. CINR or RSSI) measured at the target (neighboring) base station is less than the absolute value specified * Nbs greater rel value - The metric (e.g. CINR or RSSI) measured at the target (neighboring) base station is greater than the relative value measured at the current serving base station * Nbs less rel value - The metric (e.g. CINR or RSSI) measured at the target (neighboring) base station is less than the relative value measured at the current serving base station * Sbs greater abs value - The metric (e.g. CINR or RSSI) measured at the current serving base station is greater than the absolute value specified * Sbs less abs value - The metric (e.g. CINR or RSSI) measured at the current serving base station is less than the absolute value specified * Distance from Sbs in meters - The metric (Distance) measured from the serving base station in meters. Can be used only with the Distance metric and Handover action Synopsis: { Handover, Scanning } Default: Handover Action The action when the trigger conditions are met. Options include: * Handover - Handover is initiated * Scanning - The base station starts scanning for neighbors 4. Click Apply. Section 8.10.5 Configuring Scanning Reports The scanning report is used to gain debugging information about the system, in order to optimize the handover. It also enables management systems to make knowledgeable decisions about handover scenarios and allow better control, similar to cellular networks. To enable or disable scanning reports, do the following: 1. Wireless MAC Scanning Report. The Scanning Report screen appears. 1 2 3 4 Figure 85: Scanning Report Screen 1. Scanning Report Options 2. 2. Destination IP Address Box 3. Destination UDP Port Box 4. Apply Button Configure the following parameters as required: Configuring Scanning Reports 125 Chapter 8 RUGGEDCOM WIN Subscriber Units User Guide Parameter Scanning Report Description Synopsis: { Enable, Disable } Default: Disable Enables or disables the scanning report. 3. Destination IP Address The destination IP address of the Management PC. Destination UDP Port The destination UDP Port. Click Apply. Section 8.10.6 Verifying the Handover Configuration To verify that handover settings have been properly configured, do the following: NOTE For the following test, a subscriber unit must be registered with the base station and a neighboring base station must be defined. The subscriber unit must be able to access the network where the neighboring base station resides. 1. Make sure bi-directional traffic can be run between the subscriber unit and current base station. 2. Either physically move the subscriber unit (if in a lab environment) or adjust the antennae to activate the DCD trigger. The handover process should begin, taking from 80 to 200 milliseconds (ms). Following a successful handover, bi-directional traffic will begin flowing between the subscriber unit and the neighboring base station. Section 8.10.7 Manually Handing Over Subscriber Units When required, registered subscriber units can be manually handed over to a neighboring base station. To manually hand over subscriber units, do the following: 1. 126 Navigate to Wireless MAC Neighbor BS. The Neighbor Settings screen appears. Verifying the Handover Configuration RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 8 User Guide Subscriber Units 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 86: Neighbor Settings Screen 1. Number of NBR 2. Neighboring Base Stations 3. NBR Auto Sync Interval Box 6. Verify Configuration Button 7. Move CPE to Neighbor Button 4. Apply Button 5. Auto Discovery Button IMPORTANT! For a successful handover, select a neighbor that shares the same configuration as the current base station (e.g. service flows, VLANs, DUIC, UIUC, etc.). 2. Select a base station from the Neighbor BS Table or click Auto Discovery to select one of the base stations found on the network. 3. Click Move CPE to Neighbor. The Registered SS for HO screen appears. Manually Handing Over Subscriber Units 127 Chapter 8 RUGGEDCOM WIN Subscriber Units User Guide 1 2 Figure 87: Registered SS for HO Screen 1. Subscriber Units 4. 2. Perform HO Button Select one or more subscriber units to hand over the selected base station neighbor and then click Perform HO. Section 8.11 Monitoring Registered Subscriber Units To monitor the subscriber units that have registered with the base station, navigate to Subscribers Subscriber Management Registered SS. The Registered SS screen appears. 128 Monitoring Registered Subscriber Units RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 8 User Guide Subscriber Units 1 2 3 4 Figure 88: Registered SS Screen 1. Number of Registered SS 2. SS Table 3. Connections Button 4. Capabilities Button The total number of registered subscriber units is listed under Number of Registered SS. Details about each registered subscriber unit are provided in the SS Table. This table displays the following information: Column Description SS ID The Service Set Identifier (SSID) associated with the subscriber unit. SS Name The name of the subscriber unit. Connections The number of downlink and uplink connections to and from the subscriber unit. State The operating state of the subscriber unit. Possible values include: * Init - Initial state. * DL Synchronization - MS seeks a valid preamble and DL MAPS * Ranging - Subscriber unit is in ranging state. Power, frequency and timing correction are sent to MS by the base station * Handover ranging - Subscriber unit has started the handover process * Capabilities negotiation - Subscriber unit and base station are exchanging capability parameters (authentication support, number of service flows supported, different modulations supported, and other parameters) * Authorization - Subscriber unit is being authorized * Registration - Service Flows are being created * Operational - Subscriber unit has completed its entry to the network Operation Time The time elapsed since the subscriber unit registered with the base station. Monitoring Registered Subscriber Units 129 Chapter 8 RUGGEDCOM WIN Subscriber Units User Guide Column Description Basic CID The basic Connection Identifier (CID) associated with the subscriber unit. Authentication Mode Indicates if the subscriber unit has been authenticated. Possible values include: * PKMv2.0 - The subscriber unit has been authenticated * Null authentication - The subscriber unit has not been authenticated Active Service Profile The current service profile name assigned to the subscriber unit. AK Lifetime The Authorization Key Lifetime (AKL). This value indicates the long the subscriber unit's Authorization Key (AK) is valid. Next Re-Authentication The time until the subscriber unit must be re-authenticated by the base station. For more information about individual subscriber units, refer to Section 8.12, "Listing Subscriber Unit Connections" or Section 8.13, "Listing Subscriber Unit Capabilities". Section 8.12 Listing Subscriber Unit Connections To list connections to a subscriber unit, do the following: 1. Navigate to Subscribers Subscriber Management Registered SS. The Registered SS screen appears. 1 2 3 4 Figure 89: Registered SS Screen 1. Number of Registered SS 6. Reboot Button 130 2. Registered Subscriber Units 3. Connections Button 4. Capabilities Button 5. Deregister Button Listing Subscriber Unit Connections RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 8 User Guide 2. Subscriber Units Select a subscriber unit and then click Connections. The SS Connections screen appears. 1 2 3 4 Figure 90: SS Connctions Screen 1. SS ID 2. SS Name 3. Connections 4. Show Counters Button SS ID displays the Set Service Identifier (SSID) assigned to the subscriber unit. SS Name displays the name assigned to the subscriber unit. The Connections Table details the following information about each of the subscriber unit's connections: Column Description CID The Connection Identifier (CID). SF iD The ID for the associated service flow. SF Name The name of the associated service flow. Direction The traffic flow direction. Possible values: * DL - Downlink * UL - Uplink Scheduling Service The type of scheduling service used. For information about scheduling services, refer to Section 9.3.1.3, "Scheduling Types". Min Rate The minimum data rate in kilobits per second (kbits/s). Max Rate The maximum data rate in kilobits per second (kbits/s). SF Type The type of data delivery service. For information about data delivery services, refer to Section 9.3.1.4, "Data Delivery Services". Jitter The deviation from true of a periodic signal. Listing Subscriber Unit Connections 131 Chapter 8 RUGGEDCOM WIN Subscriber Units User Guide Column Description Latency The time in milliseconds (ms) in which packets can be received. If the time to receive a packet exceeds this time, the packet is dropped. CS Type The convergence sublayer mode. Possible values: * ETH-CS - Ethernet Convergence Sublayer * IP-CS - Internet Protocol Convergence Sublayer (IP-CS) mode HARQ Max Retries The maximum number of Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) attempts. For more details about a specific connection - including the connection direction, how many packets have been dropped, how many packets have been sent, and how many bytes have been sent - refer to Section 4.5.5, "Viewing Subscriber Unit Connection Statistics". Section 8.13 Listing Subscriber Unit Capabilities To list the capabilities of an individual subscriber unit, do the following: 1. Navigate to Subscribers Subscriber Management Registered SS. The Registered SS screen appears. 1 2 3 4 Figure 91: Registered SS Screen 1. Number of Registered SS 6. Reboot Button 2. 132 2. Registered Subscriber Units 3. Connections Button 4. Capabilities Button 5. Deregister Button Select a subscriber unit and then click Capabilities. The SS Connections screen appears. Listing Subscriber Unit Capabilities RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 8 User Guide Subscriber Units 1 2 3 Figure 92: SS Connctions Screen 1. SS ID 2. SS Name 3. SBC Capabilities SS ID displays the Set Service Identifier (SSID) assigned to the subscriber unit. SS Name displays the name assigned to the subscriber unit. The capabilities of the subscriber unit are detailed under SBC Capabilities. Listing Subscriber Unit Capabilities 133 Chapter 8 Subscriber Units 134 RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide Listing Subscriber Unit Capabilities RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 9 User Guide Traffic Control Traffic Control This chapter describes how to configure and manage features that control incoming and outgoing traffic. CONTENTS * Section 9.1, "Enabling/Disabling Priority Tagging Pass-Through" * Section 9.2, "Managing VLANs" * Section 9.3, "Managing Service Profiles and Flows" Section 9.1 Enabling/Disabling Priority Tagging Pass-Through When enabled, priority tagging pass-through prevents data packets tagged with a VLAN ID of zero (0) by IEEE 802.1Q from being dropped. This is required when receving and transmitting PROFINET traffic. PROFINET is an open standard for industrial Ethernet developed by Siemens and the PROFIBUS User Organization (PI). It is used for factory/process automation and safety applications, as well as the entire range of drive technology, including clock-synchronized motion control. PROFINET traffic consists of Ethernet frames with protocol IEEE 802.1Q, tagged with a VLAN ID of zero (0). If priority tagging pass-through is disabled, all PROFINET traffic is dropped by the base station. To enable or disable priority tagging pass-through, do the following: 1. Click Backbone. The Backbone links appear in the options pane. 2. Navigate to Backbone Switching Priority Tagging. The Priority Tagging screen appears. 1 2 Figure 93: Priority Tagging Screen 1. Priority Tagging Pass-Through Support List Enabling/Disabling Priority Tagging Pass-Through 2. Apply Button 135 Chapter 9 RUGGEDCOM WIN Traffic Control User Guide NOTE Priority tagging pass-through is disabled by default. 3. Under Priority Tagging Pass-Through Support, select either True to enable priority tagging pass-through or False to disable priority tagging pass-through. 4. Click Apply. Section 9.2 Managing VLANs This section describes how to configure and manage Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs). CONTENTS * Section 9.2.1, "Configuring a VLAN" * Section 9.2.2, "Enabling/Disabling Transparent VLANs" * Section 9.2.3, "Configuring a VLAN Subscription" * Section 9.2.4, "Configuring the Management VLAN" * Section 9.2.5, "Listing Current VLANs" Section 9.2.1 Configuring a VLAN To configure a VLAN, do the following: 1. 136 Navigate to Subscribers Services Configured VLANs. The Configured VLAN Services screen appears. Managing VLANs RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 9 User Guide Traffic Control 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Figure 94: Configured VLAN Services Screen 1. VLANs 2. VLAN ID Box 3. VLAN Name Box Box 7. Apply Button 8. Subscribers Button 4. Applicable Base List 5. Broadcast Max Rate Box 6. Broadcast Traffic Priority . A new row appears in the Configured VLAN Table. 2. Click 3. Configure the following parameters in the new row: Parameter VLAN ID Description Synopsis: An integer The VLAN identifier. VLAN Name Synopsis: A string The name of the VLAN multicast connection. Applicable Base Synopsis: { All Users, Registration Base } Default: All Users The subscriber unit association with the VLAN multicast connection. Options include: * All Users - The VLAN is associated with all registered subscriber units * Registration Base - The VLAN is associated with a single subscriber unit Broadcast Max Rate Synopsis: An integer between 0 and 100 Default: 100 The maximum data rate in kilobits per second (kbits/s) for VLAN-tagged broadcast traffic. A value of zero (0) removes any limit on the data rate. Broadcast Traffic Priority Default: An integer between 0 and 31 Default: 0 The priority tag assigned to broadcast traffic. This is required for Quality of Service (QoS). Configuring a VLAN 137 Chapter 9 RUGGEDCOM WIN Traffic Control User Guide 4. Click Apply. 5. Reboot the base station to activate the new VLAN. For more information, refer to Section 4.1, "Rebooting the Device". VLANs are listed on the Current VLAN Services screen. For more information, refer to Section 9.2.5, "Listing Current VLANs". Section 9.2.2 Enabling/Disabling Transparent VLANs Transparent VLANs are treated as untagged, and are therefore transparent to both the base station and registered subscriber units. Unlike tagged VLANs, there is no limit to the number of transparent VLANs that can be defined. When transparent VLANs are disabled, only tagged traffic is permitted. To enable or disable transparent VLANs, do the following: 1. Click Subscribers. The Subscribers links appear in the options pane. 2. Navigate to Subscribers Services Transparent VLAN. The Transparent VLAN screen appears. 1 2 Figure 95: Transparent VLAN pane 1. TVLAN Status List 2. Apply Button IMPORTANT! When enabled, all VLANs are converted to transparent VLANs. 3. Under TVLAN Status, select one of the following options: * Enable - All VLANs are converted to transparent VLANs 4. * Disable - Only VLAN tagged traffic is premitted Click Apply. All VLANs are converted to transparent VLANs. Section 9.2.3 Configuring a VLAN Subscription To configure the VLAN subscription for a subscriber unit, do the following: 138 Enabling/Disabling Transparent VLANs RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 9 User Guide 1. Traffic Control Navigate to Subscribers Subscriber Management Pre-Provisioned SS. The Pre-Provisioned SS screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 96: Pre-Provisioned SS Screen 1. Pre-Provisioned Subscriber Units 2. 2. Apply Button 3. SS Configuration Button 4. Service Profile Button 5. VLAN Button Select the desird subscriber unit and then click VLAN. The VLAN Subscription screen appears. Configuring a VLAN Subscription 139 Chapter 9 RUGGEDCOM WIN Traffic Control User Guide 1 2 Figure 97: VLAN Subscription Screen 1. SSID 3. 2. Subscriber VLANs Select one or more VLANs and then click either Subscriber or Unsubscriber. Section 9.2.4 Configuring the Management VLAN The Management VLAN acts as a channel between the serving base station and its registered subscriber units, allowing for the exchange of management frames. When configured, outgoing management frames are tagged with an ID and IEEE 802.1p priority value. Incoming management frames must be tagged with the same values or they are dropped by the base station. To configure the management VLAN, do the following: 1. 140 Navigate to Admin Management VLAN. The Management VLAN Configuration screen appears. Configuring the Management VLAN RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 9 User Guide Traffic Control 1 2 3 Figure 98: Management VLAN Configuration Screen 1. VLAN Number Box 2. 2. 802.1p Priority Box 3. Apply Button Configure the following parameters: Parameter VLAN Number Description Synopsis: An integer between 1 and 4094 Default: 0 The VLAN ID tagged assigned to incoming and outgoing management frames. 802.1p Priority Synopsis: An integer between 0 and 7 Default: 6 The 802.1p priority tag assigned to incoming and outgoing management frames. 3. Click Apply. Section 9.2.5 Listing Current VLANs To list VLANs currently configured on the base station, navigate to Subscribers Services Current VLANs. The Current VLAN Services screen appears. Figure 99: Current VLAN Services Screen The Current VLAN Table details the following for each VLAN: Listing Current VLANs 141 Chapter 9 RUGGEDCOM WIN Traffic Control User Guide Column Description VLAN ID The VLAN identifier. VLAN Name The name of the VLAN multicast connection. Applicable Base The subscriber unit association with the VLAN multicast connection. Possible values include: * All Users - The VLAN is associated with all registered subscriber units * Registration Base - The VLAN is associated with a single subscriber unit Broadcast Max Rate The maximum data rate in kilobits per second (kbits/sec) for VLAN-tagged broadcast traffic. Broadcast Traffic Priority The priority tag assigned to broadcast traffic. This is required for Quality of Service (QoS). Section 9.3 Managing Service Profiles and Flows This section describes how to configure and manage service profiles and service flow pools. CONTENTS * Section 9.3.1, "Understanding Service Profiles and Flows" * Section 9.3.2, "Configuring Service Profiles and Service Flows" * Section 9.3.3, "Managing Service Profiles" * Section 9.3.4, "Managing Service Flows" * Section 9.3.5, "Example: Configuring a Service Profile for Multicast Traffic" Section 9.3.1 Understanding Service Profiles and Flows WiMAX can establish virtual over-the-air connections called service flows. Service flows are mapped to traffic types through the use of classifiers, and are treated differently over the air by the system. Service profiles apply one or more service flows to a subscriber unit. CONTENTS * Section 9.3.1.1, "Service Profiles" * Section 9.3.1.2, "Service Flows" * Section 9.3.1.3, "Scheduling Types" * Section 9.3.1.4, "Data Delivery Services" * Section 9.3.1.5, "Traffic Classes" * Section 9.3.1.6, "Traffic Priority" * Section 9.3.1.7, "Traffic Shaping" * Section 9.3.1.8, "Fairness" 142 Managing Service Profiles and Flows RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide Chapter 9 Traffic Control Section 9.3.1.1 Service Profiles A service profile is a set of service flows assigned to a subscriber unit. Each service profile corresponds to the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of the subscriber unit. For example, a service profile can consist of the following service flows: one flow matching VoIP needs, a second flow matching video conferencing needs, and a third flow matching web browsing needs. RUGGEDCOM WIN features a default service profile named default. This profile is assigned to all registered subscriber units. It includes two service flows that apply Best Effort (BE) scheduling to uplink and downlink traffic. Section 9.3.1.2 Service Flows Service flows are a key feature of the IEEE 802.16e standard. A service flow represents a unidirectional data flow having separate Quality of Service (QoS) settings for uplink and downlink. Service flows provide the ability to set up multiple connections to each subscriber in a sector. Separate service flows can be established for uplink and downlink traffic, where each service flow is assigned a unique service level category and separate QoS settings. This feature allows segregation of high-speed/highpriority traffic from less time-critical flows. Service Flow Classification Data packets are forwarded based on classification rules. Classification rules examine each packet for pattern matches such as destination address, source address, IP TOS, or VLAN tag. All classification is defined at the base station and the classification parameters are downloaded to the subscriber. Default Service Flows Default uplink and downlink service flows are created automatically for each registered subscriber. These service flows are used to pass all traffic not matching any user-defined service flow (such as broadcast ARP) between the base station and subscribers. The default service flow capacity is limited for each subscriber. Scheduling The serving base station enforces QoS settings for each service flow by controlling all uplink and downlink traffic scheduling. This provides a non-contention based traffic model with predictable transmission characteristics. By analyzing the total of all requests from all subscribers, the base station makes sure uplink and downlink traffic conforms to the current Service Level Agreements (SLAs). Centralized scheduling increases predictability of traffic, eliminates contention, and provides the maximum opportunity for reducing overhead. A regular period is scheduled for subscribers to register with the base station. These subscribers may be newly commissioned or have been deregistered due to service outage or interference on the wireless interface. This is the only opportunity for multiple subscribers to transmit simultaneously. Section 9.3.1.3 Scheduling Types One of the following scheduling types can be deployed by the base station: Service Profiles 143 Chapter 9 RUGGEDCOM WIN Traffic Control User Guide * Best Effort (BE) The serving base station schedules transmit opportunities for the subscriber to send traffic based on unused bandwidth after all higher level traffic scheduling requirements are serviced. Typical applications include Internet access and email. Best effort service flows can be assigned a priority of 0 to 7. * Non-Real-Time Polling Service (nrt-PS) The serving base station schedules regular transmit opportunities for the subscriber to send variable size data packets. Typical applications include high bandwidth FTP. The polling period is typically be one second or less, even during periods of network congestion. * Real-Time Polling Service (rt-PS) The serving base station schedules a continuous series of transmit opportunities for the subscriber to send variable size data packets. The grant size is based on the current data transfer requirement. Typical applications include streaming MPEG video or VoIP with silence suppression. This is efficient for applications that have a realtime component and continuously changing bandwidth requirements. * Extended Real-Time Polling Service (ert-PS) The serving base station schedules a continuous series of transmit opportunities for the subscriber to send variable size data packets. This schedule supports real-time applications including VoIP with silence suppression. The dynamically scheduled grants guarantee reserved bandwidth and reduce latency introduced by repetitive grant requests. The service flow will not transmit packets larger than the nominal grant interval. * Unsolicited Grant Service (UGS) The serving base station schedules a continuous series of transmit opportunities for the subscriber to send fixed size data packets. This schedule supports real-time applications, including VoIP or TDM transport. The UGS prescheduled grants guarantee reserved bandwidth and reduce latency introduced by repetitive grant requests. The service flow will not transmit packets larger than the nominal grant interval. Section 9.3.1.4 Data Delivery Services Data delivery services refer to specific sets of base station Quality-of-Service (QoS) settings for downlink and uplink service flows. The following lists the different types of delivery services and their corresponding system behavior for downlink traffic. Delivery Service 144 Description Application Example Scheduling Type Best Effort (BE) Intended for applications with no rate or delay requirements. Web browsing, data transfer BE Non Real-Time Variable Rate (nrtVR) Intended for applications that require a guaranteed data rate, but that are insensitive to delays. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) nrt-PS Real-Time Variable Rate (rtVR) Intended for real-time data applications with variable bit rates and guaranteed data rate and delay. Streaming audio and video, MPEG encoded rt-PS Extended RealTime Variable Rate (ert-VR) Intended for real-time applications with variable data rates and guaranteed data and delay. For example: VoIP with silence suppression. VoIP with silence suppression ert-PS Unsolicited Grant Service (UGS) Intended for real-time applications generating fixed-rate data. Data can be provided as either fixed- or variablelength PDUs. Voice-over-IP (VoIP) without silence suppression UGS Data Delivery Services RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 9 User Guide Traffic Control Section 9.3.1.5 Traffic Classes The following describes the classes assigned to service flow traffic. Base Station All service flow traffic in the base station is divided into two traffic classes: * Below CIR A guaranteed traffic class, wherein the actual traffic rate of the service flow is under or equal to the Committed Information Rate (CIR). This class is further divided into two sub-classes: Maximum Latency Non-Null Maximum Latency Null (i.e. maximum latency is not configured) * Above CIR A best effort class, wherein the actual traffic rate of the service flow is over the Committed Information Rate (CIR). In terms of prioritization between the traffic classes, there is a strict priority hierarchy as follows (the order is from the highest priority to lowest): 1. IEEE 802.16e MAC messages (exchanged between the subscriber unit and base station) 2. Guaranteed traffic class with non-null maximum latency 3. Guaranteed traffic class with null maximum latency 4. Best effort class (all the Above CIR traffic) Subscriber Unit All service flow traffic in the subscriber is divided into two traffic classes: * Below CIR A guaranteed traffic class, wherein the actual traffic rate of the service flow is under or equal to the Committed Information Rate (CIR). * Above CIR A best effort class, wherein the actual traffic rate of the service flow is over the Committed Information Rate (CIR). In terms of prioritization between the traffic classes, there is a strict priority hierarchy as follows (the order is from the highest priority to lowest): 1. IEEE 802.16e MAC messages (exchanged between the subscriber unit and base station) 2. UGS and ertPS traffic 3. All other service flow traffic: a. A service flow that requested bandwidth and received an allocation will be scheduled before a service that hasn not asked for bandwidth yet. b. A guaranteed traffic class will be treated before a best effort class (all the Above CIR traffic) Section 9.3.1.6 Traffic Priority The following describes the priority assigned to traffic within each traffic class. Traffic Classes 145 Chapter 9 Traffic Control RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide Base Station Within the traffic class, the traffic is prioritized in one of the following ways: * Strict Priority Each service flow is assigned a traffic priority. The service flow with the higher traffic priority is served first. If two service flows have the same traffic priority, they are served in round-robin fashion. * Weighted-Fair Scheduling Each service flow is assigned a traffic priority and each priority is assigned a weight. The bandwidth is shared relatively according to the weights given. For example, If service flow A has a weight of 2 and service flow B has a weight of 1, service flow A is granted 2/3 of the available bandwidth and service flow B is granted 1/3. Service flows with the same traffic priority are assigned the wieght and will be granted to the same bandwidth allocation. Subscriber Unit Within the traffic class, the traffic is assigned a traffic priority. The service flow with the higher traffic priority is served first. If two service flows have the same traffic priority, they are served in round-robin fashion. Section 9.3.1.7 Traffic Shaping Traffic shaping (or packet shaping) is performed by the base station in downlink communications and by the subscriber unit in uplink communications. Shaping is a technique for improving latency and increasing usable bandwidth by controlling the volume of traffic. It occurs automatically when traffic (either upstream or downstream) exceeds the maximum flow rate defined for the associated service flow. When shaping occurs, service flow traffic is stored in a First-In First -Out (FIFO) buffer until it conforms to the current Service Level Agreements (SLAs). It is then retransmitted on a scheduled basis so as not to exceed the maximum flow rate. If the traffic flow exceeds the maximum flow rate again, it is dropped. Section 9.3.1.8 Fairness RUGGEDCOM WIN applies the fairness algorithm multiple subscriber units are connected to the base station under different RF conditions. To illustrate, consider the following scenario: * The base station is the serving base station to Subscriber A and Subscriber B. * Subscriber A is close the base station and experiences good RF conditions that lead to a high Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS). * Subscriber B is far from the base station and experiences significantly worse RF conditions than that of Subscriber A. * Both subscriber units are configured to receive 300 kbit/sec of UGS traffic To make sure both subscriber units receive their required bitrate, the base station can employ one of the following solutions: 146 Traffic Shaping RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide Chapter 9 Traffic Control * Byte Fairness Both subscriber units will receive the required bitrate, but for Subscriber B, which is the furthest away, it will cost more frame resources than for Subscriber A. * Resource Fairness Both subscriber units will get an equal part of the frame. * Combined Fairness The Byte Fairness and Resource Fairness approaches are mixed according to a certain percentage (for example, 50% resource and 50% byte fairness). Each approach can be applied per traffic class. RUGGEDCOM WIN applies the Byte Fairness approach for both below and above Committed Information Rate (CIR) traffic classes. Section 9.3.2 Configuring Service Profiles and Service Flows To define a service profile and associated service flows, do the following: 1. Define a service profile. For more information, refer to Section 9.3.3.1, "Configuring Service Profiles". 2. Add a set of uplink and downlink service flows within the service profile. For more information, refer to Section 9.3.4.1, "Configuring Service Flows". 3. [Optional] For each service flow, define relevant traffic classifiers to determine the traffic to which the service flow is applied. For more information, refer to Section 9.3.4.2, "Configuring Traffic Classifiers". 4. Assign the service profile to a subscriber unit. For more information, refer to Section 9.3.3.5, "Assigning a Service Profile to a Subscriber Unit". Section 9.3.3 Managing Service Profiles This section describes how to configure and manage service profiles. CONTENTS * Section 9.3.3.1, "Configuring Service Profiles" * Section 9.3.3.2, "Updating Service Profile" * Section 9.3.3.3, "Configuring IP-CS Mode" * Section 9.3.3.4, "Enabling/Disabling a Service Profile" * Section 9.3.3.5, "Assigning a Service Profile to a Subscriber Unit" * Section 9.3.3.6, "Listing Associated Subscriber Units" Section 9.3.3.1 Configuring Service Profiles To configure a service profile, do the following: 1. Navigate to Subscribers Services Service Profiles. The Service Profiles screen appears. Configuring Service Profiles and Service Flows 147 Chapter 9 RUGGEDCOM WIN Traffic Control User Guide 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 100: Service Profiles Screen 1. Service Profiles 2. Apply Button 3. Subscribers Button On/Off Button 7. Update Profile Button 4. Service Flows Button 5. VLAN Service Flows Button 6. Set Activation . A new row appears in the Configured Service Profiles Table. 2. Click 3. Configure the following parameters for the new service profile: Parameter Service Profile Name Description Synopsis: A string The name of the new service profile. CS Type Synopsis: { ETH-CS, IP-CS } The convergence sublayer mode. Options include: * ETH-CS - Ethernet Convergence Sublayer * IP-CS - Internet Protocol Convergence Sublayer (IP-CS) mode IMPORTANT! IP-CS mode must be enabled if convergence sublayer mode is set to IP-CS. For more information, refer to Section 9.3.3.3, "Configuring IP-CS Mode". 148 4. Click Apply. 5. Add a pool of service flows to the new service profile. For more information, refer to Section 9.3.4.1, "Configuring Service Flows". 6. Click Set Activation On/Off. The status under Profile Status changes from Inactive to Active. Configuring Service Profiles RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 9 User Guide 7. Traffic Control Asssign the new service profile to one or more subscriber units. For more information, refer to Section 9.3.3.5, "Assigning a Service Profile to a Subscriber Unit". Section 9.3.3.2 Updating Service Profile To update a service profile and apply it to the registered subscriber units for which it is assigned, do the following: 1. Navigate to Subscribers Services Service Profiles. The Service Profiles screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 101: Service Profiles Screen 1. Service Profiles 2. Apply Button 3. Subscribers Button On/Off Button 7. Update Profile Button 4. Service Flows Button 5. VLAN Service Flows Button 6. Set Activation 2. Update the desired service profile. For more information, refer to Section 9.3.3.1, "Configuring Service Profiles". 3. Update the following parameters for the desired service profile as required: Parameter Service Profile Name Description Synopsis: A string The name of the service profile. CS Type Synopsis: { ETH-CS, IP-CS } The convergence sublayer mode. Options include: * ETH-CS - Ethernet Convergence Sublayer * IP-CS - Internet Protocol Convergence Sublayer (IP-CS) mode Updating Service Profile 149 Chapter 9 RUGGEDCOM WIN Traffic Control User Guide Parameter Description IMPORTANT! IP-CS mode must be enabled if convergence sublayer mode is set to IP-CS. For more information, refer to Section 9.3.3.3, "Configuring IP-CS Mode". 4. Click Apply. 5. Select the updated service profile and then click Update Profile. The selected service profile is applied to all registered subscriber units for which the service profile has been assigned. Section 9.3.3.3 Configuring IP-CS Mode IP-CS (Internet Protocol Convergence Sublayer) mode allows the base station to respond to DHCP requests with the MAC and IP addresses of the hosts behind the subscriber units. To configure IP-CS mode, do the following: 1. Navigate to Backbone Backbone Admin CS Config. The CS Configuration screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 102: CS Configuration pane 1. Current IP CS in SA Mode 2. Configured IP CS in SA Mode List 3. IP CS Dest MAC Box 5. Apply Button 2. Under Configured IP CS in SA mode, select Enable to enable IP-CS mode, or Disable to disable IP-CS mode. Refer to Current IP CS in SA Mode for the current state. 3. Configure the following parameters: Parameter 150 4. IP CS Dest VLAN Box Description IP CS Dest MAC The MAC address for the default gateway. IP CS Dest VLAN The destination VLAN. 4. Click Apply and then reboot the base station. 5. Create a service profile for each IP-CS user. For more information, refer to Section 9.3.3.1, "Configuring Service Profiles". 6. Define the relevant service flows. For more information, refer to Section 9.3.4.1, "Configuring Service Flows". Configuring IP-CS Mode RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 9 User Guide Traffic Control 7. [Optional] Add a classifier for each service flow. For more information, refer to Section 9.3.4.2, "Configuring Traffic Classifiers". 8. Assign the service flows to one or more subscriber units. For more information, refer to Section 9.3.3.5, "Assigning a Service Profile to a Subscriber Unit". Alternatively, if a AAA server is used, subscriber units can be subscribed to a service profile using the callback ID in the AAA user configuration. Section 9.3.3.4 Enabling/Disabling a Service Profile To enable or disable a service profile, do the following: 1. Navigate to Subscribers Services Service Profiles. The Service Profiles screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 103: Service Profiles Screen 1. Service Profiles 2. Apply Button 3. Subscribers Button On/Off Button 7. Update Profile Button 4. Service Flows Button 5. VLAN Service Flows Button 6. Set Activation 2. Select the desired service profile and then click Set Activation On/Off. The status of the service profile changes under Profile Status to either Active or Inactive. 3. Click Update Profile. The updated status of the profile is communicated to the associated subscriber units. This action also deregisters the relevant subscriber units. Enabling/Disabling a Service Profile 151 Chapter 9 RUGGEDCOM WIN Traffic Control User Guide Section 9.3.3.5 Assigning a Service Profile to a Subscriber Unit After defining the pool of service flows, individual service profiles can then be assigned to specific subscriber units according to QoS requirements. To assign a service profile to a subscriber unit, do the following: 1. Navigate to Subscribers Subscriber Management Pre-Provisioned SS. The Pre-Provisioned SS screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 104: Pre-Provisioned SS Screen 1. Pre-Provisioned Subscriber Units 2. 152 2. Apply Button 3. SS Configuration Button 4. Service Profile Button 5. VLAN Button Select the SSID for the desired subscriber unit and then click Service Profile. The Service Profile Subscription screen appears. Assigning a Service Profile to a Subscriber Unit RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 9 User Guide Traffic Control 1 2 3 4 Figure 105: Service Profile Subscription Screen 1. SSID 3. 2. Service Profiles 3. Subscribe Button 4. Unsubscribe Button Select a service flow and then click Subscribe. The status under Subscription Status changes from Unsubscribed to Subscribed. Alternatively, a service flow can be unassigned by clicking Unsubscribe. 4. Re-register the subscriber unit with the base station. For more information, refer to Section 8.5, "Deregistering Subscriber Units". Section 9.3.3.6 Listing Associated Subscriber Units To list the subscriber units associated with a service profile, do the following: 1. Navigate to Subscribers Services Service Profiles. The Service Profiles screen appears. Listing Associated Subscriber Units 153 Chapter 9 RUGGEDCOM WIN Traffic Control User Guide 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 106: Service Profiles Screen 1. Service Profiles 2. Apply Button 3. Subscribers Button On/Off Button 7. Update Profile Button 2. 154 4. Service Flows Button 5. VLAN Service Flows Button 6. Set Activation Select the desired service profile and then click Subscribers. The Service Profile Subscribers screen appears. Listing Associated Subscriber Units RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 9 User Guide Traffic Control 1 2 Figure 107: Service Profile Subscribers Screen 1. Service Profile Name 2. Subscriber Units Section 9.3.4 Managing Service Flows This section describes how to configure and manage service flows for service profiles. CONTENTS * Section 9.3.4.1, "Configuring Service Flows" * Section 9.3.4.2, "Configuring Traffic Classifiers" Section 9.3.4.1 Configuring Service Flows To configure service flows for a service profile, do the following: NOTE A maximum of eight service flows can be configured per service profile. 1. Navigate to Subscribers Services Service Profiles. The Service Profiles screen appears. Managing Service Flows 155 Chapter 9 RUGGEDCOM WIN Traffic Control User Guide 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 108: Service Profiles Screen 1. Service Profiles 2. Apply Button 6. Update Profile Button 2. 156 3. Subscribers Button 4. Add/Edit Service Flows Button 5. Set Activation On/Off Button Select a service profile and then click Add/Edit Service Flows. The Unicast Service Flows screen appears. Configuring Service Flows RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 9 User Guide Traffic Control 1 2 3 4 Figure 109: Unicast Service Flows Screen 1. Service Profile Name 2. Service Flows 3. Apply Button 4. Classifiers Button . A new row appears in the USF Table. 3. Click 4. Configure the following parameters for the new service flow: Parameter ID Description Synopsis: An integer A unique, numeric ID for the service flow. SF Name Synopsis: A string The name of the service flow. It is recommend to include the service flow direction (UL or DL) in the name. Classification Rule Priority Synopsis: An integer between 0 and 255 Default: 1 The priority level for the service flow. The priority level determines how the service flow is classified. The same priority can be assigned to both an uplink and a downlink service flow. However, the classification rule priority must be unique for each uplink service flow and downlink service flow. There cannot be two service flows in the same direction with the same rule priority. NOTE This parameter is related to the classifier lookup mechanism, but is not related to traffic scheduling itself. Direction Configuring Service Flows Synopsis: { DL, UL } Default: DL 157 Chapter 9 RUGGEDCOM WIN Traffic Control User Guide Parameter Description The direction in which the service flow is assigned. Options include: * DL - Downlink * UL - Uplink Scheduling Service Synopsis: { BE, nRT, RT, eRT, UGS } The scheduling type associated with the service flow. Options include: * * * * * BE - Best Effort (BE) nRT - Non Real-Time Polling Service (nrt-PS) RT - Real-Time Polling Service (rt-PS) eRT - Extended Real-Time Polling Service (ert-PS) UGS - Unsolicited Grant Service (UGS) For information about each option, refer to Section 9.3.1.4, "Data Delivery Services". Min Rate Synopsis: An integer The minimum reserved traffic rate, or Committed Information Rate (CIR), measured in kilobits per second (Kbits/s) for the service flow. A value of default equals 0 milliseconds. If Scheduling Service is set to UGS or eRT, the value must be equal to the value of Max Rate. NOTE Configure this parameter only when Scheduling Service is set to nRT, RT, eRT or UGS. Max Rate Synopsis: An integer The maximum sustained traffic rate, or Maximum Information Rate (MIR), measured in kilobits per second (Kbits/s) for the service flow. When the traffic flow exceeds the maximum rate, the data packets are shaped and then retransmitted. If the transmission still exceeds the maximum rate, the data packets are dropped. A value of default equals 0 milliseconds. If Scheduling Service is set to UGS or eRT, the value must be equal to the value of Min Rate. NOTE Configure this parameter only when Scheduling Service is set to BE, nRT, RT or eRT. Traffic Priority Synopsis: An integer between 0 and 7 Default: 1 The priority assigned to traffic. Data packets tagged with the higher number have higher priority. If two service flows have the same traffic priority, they are served in round-robin fashion. A value of default applies the following default value based on the data delivery service: 158 Service Default BE 0 NRT 1 RT 5 UGS 7 Configuring Service Flows RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 9 User Guide Traffic Control Parameter Unsolicited Grant Interval Description Service Default ERT 7 For uplink only. Synopsis: { default } or an integer The time in milliseconds (ms) between successive grant opportunities for the traffic flow. NOTE Configure this parameter when Direction is set to UL and Scheduling Service is set to eRT. A value of default equals 0 milliseconds. Unsolicited Polling Interval For uplink only. Synopsis: An integer The maximum time in milliseconds (ms) between successive polling grant opportunities for the traffic flow. NOTE Configure this parameter when Direction is set to UL and Scheduling Service is set to either nRT, RT, eRT or UGS. A value of default applies the following default value based on the data delivery service: HARQ Max Retries NRT 1000 RT 20 ERT 1000 UGS 1000 Synopsis: An integer The maximum number of Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) attempts. A value of default applies the following default value based on the data delivery service: Latency Service Default BE 3 NRT 3 RT 0 UGS 0 ERT 0 Synopsis: An integer The maximum time in milliseconds (ms) between receiving a packet on the network interface and delivering it to the RF interface. A value of default applies the following default value based on the data delivery service and traffic flow direction: Configuring Service Flows Service Default BE 0 NRT 0 159 Chapter 9 RUGGEDCOM WIN Traffic Control User Guide Parameter Description Service Default RT 30 UGS 30 ERT 30 For more information about latency, refer to the FAQ Understanding Latency Between the RUGGEDCOM WIN Base Station (BST) and the RUGGEDCOM WIN Subscriber Unit (SU) [https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/103948900]. 5. Click Apply. 6. [Optional] Define what type(s) of traffic can be mapped to the new service flow. For more information, refer to Section 9.3.4.2, "Configuring Traffic Classifiers". Section 9.3.4.2 Configuring Traffic Classifiers A traffic classifer maps a specific type of traffic to a specific traffic flow. Traffic can be defined according to the traffic source, traffic type, or combination of traffic source and type. For example, traffic can be defined by DSCP range, port range, IP address source or destination, and other parameters. The base station performs a logical OR when considering traffic types. Up to four traffic classifers can be defined for each service flow. Data packets are analyzed according to each classifier assigned to a service flow until a match is found. RUGGEDCOM WIN performs a logical OR when applying each classifier. Each classifer can consist of up to two filters. If a classifier has two filters, RUGGEDCOM WIN performs a logical AND between the filters when applying the classifier. To configure a traffic classifier for a service flow, do the following: 1. 160 Navigate to Subscribers Services Service Profiles. The Service Profiles screen appears. Configuring Traffic Classifiers RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 9 User Guide Traffic Control 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 110: Service Profiles Screen 1. Service Profiles 2. Apply Button 6. Update Profile Button 2. 3. Subscribers Button 4. Add/Edit Service Flows Button 5. Set Activation On/Off Button Select the desired service profile and then click Add/Edit Service Flows. The Unicast Service Flows screen appears. Configuring Traffic Classifiers 161 Chapter 9 RUGGEDCOM WIN Traffic Control User Guide 1 2 3 4 Figure 111: Unicast Service Flows Screen 1. Service Profile Name 3. 162 2. Service Flows 3. Apply Button 4. Classifiers Button Select the desired service flow and then click Classifiers. The Unicast SF Classifiers screen appears. Configuring Traffic Classifiers RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 9 User Guide Traffic Control 1 2 3 4 Figure 112: Unicast SF Classifiers Screen 1. Service Profile Name 2. SF ID 3. Traffic Classifiers 4. Apply Button . A new row appears in the USF Classifiers Table. 4. Click 5. Configure the following parameters for the new traffic classifier: Parameter Classifier Type Description A characteristic of the traffic on which to filter. Options include: * None - Filter based on characteristics that do not match the defined classifier value * * * * * * * * * * * * Classifier Value Configuring Traffic Classifiers MAC src - Filter based on the source MAC address MAC dest - Filter based on the destination MAC address. IP src - Filter based on the source IP address. IP dest - Filter based on the destination IP address Port src - Filter based on the source port. Port dest - Filter based on the destination port. DSCP - Filter based on the DSCP range mask IP protocol - Filter based on the upper layer protocol listed in the IP header (e.g. TCP, UDP, etc.) VLAN ID - Filter based on the VLAN ID EtherType - Filter based on the Ethernet type 802.1p - Filter based on priority. Any - Filter based on any characteristic that matches the specified classifier value The value on which to filter for the selected traffic characteristic. The following are examples of possible values. 163 Chapter 9 RUGGEDCOM WIN Traffic Control User Guide Parameter Description Classifier Type MAC src Description Example The MAC address and optional mask. The default mask is 48. 11:22:33:44:55:66/48 192.168.1.1/32 IP dest The IP address and optional mask. The default mask is 32. Port src The port range. 1230-1250 Range of TOS values followed by the TOS mask in the form of toslow:toshigh:tosmask. 13:57:63 MAC dest IP src Port dest DSCP Range Mask * To specify a simple range, such as X through Y, enter the range as X:Y. The TOS mask is not required. * To specify a complex range, such as X through Y and Z through A (where there is a gap between Y and Z), enter the range as X:A:tosmask. * To specify a single DSCP value, such as the single value X, enter the value as X. The TOS high and TOS mask values are not required. Bits 0, 1, 2 IP precedence bits value: 0 to 7 indicate datagram importance. Default = 0; higher is better. Bits 3,4,5 Values: D,T,R requesting: low delay, high throughput, high reliability IP Protocol 6. The IP protocol. Valid values are in the range of 0 to 255, with 6 representing TCP. 6 Click Apply. Section 9.3.5 Example: Configuring a Service Profile for Multicast Traffic In this example, a service profile is created specifically for subscriber units that are sending multicast traffic upstream. To make sure this traffic is accepted, a service flow with a special traffic classifier must be created. The traffic classifier is configured to accept traffic tagged with a specific VLAN ID. To configure a service profile that only accepts traffic tagged with a specific VLAN ID, do the following: 164 Example: Configuring a Service Profile for Multicast Traffic RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 9 User Guide Traffic Control 1. Add a VLAN specifically for multicast traffic. For more information, refer to Section 9.2.1, "Configuring a VLAN". 2. Review the available VLANs and make sure the new VLAN is displayed. For more information, refer to Section 9.2.5, "Listing Current VLANs". 3. Assign the VLAN ID to a pre-provisioned subscriber unit. For more information, refer to Section 9.3.3.5, "Assigning a Service Profile to a Subscriber Unit". 4. Define a service profile. For more information, refer to Section 9.3.3.1, "Configuring Service Profiles". 5. Define a service flow for the service profile. For more information, refer to Section 9.3.4.1, "Configuring Service Flows". 6. Add a traffic classifer with the following minimum configuration: Classifer Type 1 VLAN Classifier Value 1 { VLAN ID } For more information, refer to Section 9.3.4.2, "Configuring Traffic Classifiers". 7. Assign the service profile with the VLAN traffic classifier to the subscriber unit. For more information, refer to Section 9.3.3.5, "Assigning a Service Profile to a Subscriber Unit". Example: Configuring a Service Profile for Multicast Traffic 165 Chapter 9 Traffic Control 166 RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide Example: Configuring a Service Profile for Multicast Traffic RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 10 User Guide Network Discovery and Management Network Discovery and Management This section describes how to configure and manage network discovery features. CONTENTS * Section 10.1, "Managing SNMP" * Section 10.2, "Managing MAC Addresses" Section 10.1 Managing SNMP The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is used by network management systems and the devices they manage. It is used to report alarm conditions and other events that occur on the devices it manages. RUGGEDCOM WIN supports SNMPv2 and SNMPv3, which offer the following features: * Provides the ability to send a notification of an event via traps. Traps are unacknowledged UDP messages and may be lost in transit. * Provides the ability to notify via informs. Informs simply add acknowledgment to the trap process, resending the trap if it is not acknowledged in a timely fashion. * Encrypts all data transmitted by scrambling the contents of each packet to prevent it from being seen by an unauthorized source. The AES CFB 128 and DES3 encryption protocols are supported. * Authenticates all messages to verify they are from a valid source. * Verifies the integrity of each message by making sure each packet has not been tampered with in-transit. SNMPv3 also provides security models and security levels. A security model is an authentication strategy that is set up for a user and the group in which the user resides. A security level is a permitted level of security within a security model. A combination of a security model and security level will determine which security mechanism is employed when handling an SNMP packet. Before configuring SNMP, note the following: * Each user belongs to a group * A group defines the access policy for a set of users * An access policy defines what SNMP objects can be accessed for: reading, writing and creating notifications * A group determines the list of notifications its users can receive * A group defines the security model and security level for its users CONTENTS * Section 10.1.1, "Configuring SNMP" Managing SNMP 167 Chapter 10 RUGGEDCOM WIN Network Discovery and Management User Guide * Section 10.1.2, "Configuring SNMPv2" * Section 10.1.3, "Configuring SNMPv3" * Section 10.1.4, "Managing SNMP Traps" * Section 10.1.5, "Configuring Users for SNMPv3" * Section 10.1.6, "Configuring the SNMP System Group" * Section 10.1.7, "Viewing SNMPv3 Access Groups" Section 10.1.1 Configuring SNMP To configure SNMP, do the following: 1. Enable and configure either SNMPv2 or SNMPv3. For more information, refer to either Section 10.1.2, "Configuring SNMPv2" or Section 10.1.3, "Configuring SNMPv3". 2. Enable the required SNMP traps. For more information, refer to Section 10.1.4.1, "Enabling/Disabling SNMP Traps". 3. Configure one or more trap destinations (up to a maximum of five). For more Information, refer to Section 10.1.4.2, "Configuring SNMP Trap Destinations". 4. Configure the system contact and location information for the base station. For more Information, refer to Section 10.1.6, "Configuring the SNMP System Group". Section 10.1.2 Configuring SNMPv2 To configure the SNMPv2c parameters, do the following: 1. 168 Navigate to Admin SNMP. The SNMP General Settings screen appears. Configuring SNMP RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 10 User Guide Network Discovery and Management 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 113: SNMP General Settings Screen 1. SNMPv2c List 2. SNMPv3 List 7. SNMPv3 Configuration Button 2. 3. 3. Passphrase Box 4. Trap Destinations 5. Apply Button 6. SNMPv2 Configuration Button Under SNMPv2c, select Enable. Click SNMPv2 Configuration. The SNMPv2c Configuration screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 114: SNMPv2c Configuration Screen 1. Current SNMPv2c Status 4. 2. SNMP Read Community 3. SNMP Write Community 4. SNMP Trap Community 5. Apply Button Configure the following parameters: IMPORTANT! The SNMP Read Community and SNMP Write Community values must be unique. Configuring SNMPv2 169 Chapter 10 RUGGEDCOM WIN Network Discovery and Management User Guide Parameter Description Synopsis: A string Default: public SNMP Read Community The SNMP community name for read access. This name can be used as a password for secure information retrieval. Synopsis: A string Default: private SNMP Write Community The SNMP community name for write access. This name can be used as a password for secure set commands. Synopsis: A string Default: public SNMP Trap Community The SNMP community name to use when the SNMP service receives a request that does not contain the correct community name and does not match an accepted host name. 5. Click Apply. Section 10.1.3 Configuring SNMPv3 To configure the SNMPv3 parameters, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin SNMP. The SNMP General Settings screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 115: SNMP General Settings Screen 1. SNMPv2c List 2. SNMPv3 List 7. SNMPv3 Configuration Button 2. 170 3. Passphrase Box 4. Trap Destinations 5. Apply Button 6. SNMPv2 Configuration Button Under SNMPv3, select Enable. Configuring SNMPv3 RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 10 User Guide Network Discovery and Management 3. Configure one or more SNMP users. For more information, refer to Section 10.1.5, "Configuring Users for SNMPv3". 4. Click Apply. Section 10.1.4 Managing SNMP Traps This section describes how to configure and manage SNMP Traps. CONTENTS * Section 10.1.4.1, "Enabling/Disabling SNMP Traps" * Section 10.1.4.2, "Configuring SNMP Trap Destinations" Section 10.1.4.1 Enabling/Disabling SNMP Traps The SNMP TRAP Settings screen contains a full list of available traps. To enable or disable an SNMP trap, do the following: NOTE For a list of alarms, refer to Section 5.4.2, "Available Alarms". 1. Navigate to Admin Alarms and Traps Traps. The SNMP Trap Settings screen appears. Managing SNMP Traps 171 Chapter 10 RUGGEDCOM WIN Network Discovery and Management User Guide 1 2 3 Figure 116: SNMP Trap Settings 1. Available SNMP Traps 2. Activation Mode List 3. Apply Button 4. Send Trap Button 2. Under Activation Mode for the selected SNMP trap, select True to enable the trap or False to disable the trap. 3. Click Apply. Section 10.1.4.2 Configuring SNMP Trap Destinations Trap destinations represent SNMP trap receivers configured to receive SNMP traps and inform messages from a device. RUGGEDCOM WIN supports up to five trap destinations. To configure a destination for SNMP traps, do the following: 1. 172 Navigate to Admin SNMP. The SNMP General Settings screen appears. Configuring SNMP Trap Destinations RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 10 User Guide Network Discovery and Management 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 117: SNMP General Settings Screen 1. SNMPv2c List 2. SNMPv3 List 7. SNMPv3 Configuration Button 3. Passphrase Box 4. Trap Destinations 5. Apply Button 6. SNMPv2 Configuration Button 2. Under the Managers Table, click the + button. A new row is added to the table. 3. In the Destination IP Address column, enter the IP address of an SNMP server. 4. Click Apply. Section 10.1.5 Configuring Users for SNMPv3 A user profile is required for each remote SNMP manager. The profile defines a unique user name, authentication and privacy information, and the associated SNMP access group. Once defined, all traps and inform message to and from the SNMP manager can be authenticated, encrypted and decrypted. RUGGEDCOM WIN supports up to five user profies for SNMPv3. To configure a user profile for SNMPv3, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin SNMP. The SNMP General Settings screen appears. Configuring Users for SNMPv3 173 Chapter 10 RUGGEDCOM WIN Network Discovery and Management User Guide 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 118: SNMP General Settings Screen 1. SNMPv2c List 2. SNMPv3 List 7. SNMPv3 Configuration Button 2. 174 3. Passphrase Box 4. Trap Destinations 5. Apply Button 6. SNMPv2 Configuration Button Click SNMPv3 Configuration. The SNMPv3 Configuration screen appears. Configuring Users for SNMPv3 RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 10 User Guide Network Discovery and Management 1 2 3 4 Figure 119: SNMPv3 Configuration Screen 1. Current SNMPv3 Status 2. Users 3. Apply Button 4. Access Groups Button 3. Under the Users Table, click the + button. A new row is added to the table. 4. Configure the following parameters: NOTE It is recommended to use strong passphrases that meet the following criteria: * One lower case character * One upper case character * One number * One special character (i.e. !@#$%^&*()_+-={}[];:',<>/?\|~) Parameter Description Username The user name. Authentication Passphrase The passphrase used to authenticate the user name. Authentication Protocol Synopsis: { None, HMAC-SHA1 } The authentication protocol used to authenticate the user name. Privacy Passphrase The passphrase used to decrypt communications with the SNMP trap receiver. Privacy Protocol Synopsis: { None, CBC-DES, CBC-AES } The protocol used to encrypt/decrypt communications with the SNMP trap receiver. Configuring Users for SNMPv3 175 Chapter 10 RUGGEDCOM WIN Network Discovery and Management User Guide Parameter Description Synopsis: { Authentication only, Authentication and Privacy, Traps only } Access Group The SNMPv3 access group associated with the user name. For more information about available access groups, refer to Section 10.1.7, "Viewing SNMPv3 Access Groups". 5. Click Apply. Section 10.1.6 Configuring the SNMP System Group The SNMP system group provides information about the base station's owner, identity and location. These details are added to the SNMP configuration file and can be accessed by SNMP trap receivers. To configure the SNMP system group, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin SNMP MIB2 System. The SNMP - MIB2 Settings screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Figure 120: SNMP - MIB2 Settings Screen 1. sysDescr 2. sysObjectID 8. Apply Button 2. 3. sysUpTime 4. Contact Details Box 5. Base Station Name 6. Street Address Box 7. sysServices Configure the following parameters: Parameter Contact Details Description Synopsis: A string 4 to 255 characters long The contact information including name and contact details. Base Station Name Synopsis: A string 4 to 255 characters long The name assigned to the base station. Street Address Synopsis: A string 4 to 255 characters long The street address where the base station is located. 3. 176 Click Apply. Configuring the SNMP System Group RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 10 User Guide Network Discovery and Management Section 10.1.7 Viewing SNMPv3 Access Groups SNMPv3 access groups define authorization and access privileges for associated users. The following access groups are defined in RUGGEDCOM WIN: Access Group Read View Write View Notification View NMS Access Group Users can view and read all MIBs User can create, modify and delete MIBs Users can view and read all notification MIBs Authentication only Users can view and read all MIBs User can create, modify and delete MIBs Users can view and read all notification MIB Authentication and Privacy Users can view and read all MIBs User can create, modify and delete MIBs Users can view and read all notification MIB Traps Only Users cannot view and read MIBs User cannot create, modify and delete MIBs Users can view and read all notification MIB For convenience, these access group definitions are included in the user interface. To view the available SNMPv3 access groups, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin SNMP. The SNMP General Settings screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 121: SNMP General Settings Screen 1. SNMPv2c List 2. SNMPv3 List 7. SNMPv3 Configuration Button 2. 3. Passphrase Box 4. Trap Destinations 5. Apply Button 6. SNMPv2 Configuration Button Click SNMPv3 Configuration. The SNMPv3 Configuration screen appears. Viewing SNMPv3 Access Groups 177 Chapter 10 RUGGEDCOM WIN Network Discovery and Management User Guide 1 2 3 4 Figure 122: SNMPv3 Configuration Screen 1. Current SNMPv3 Status 3. 2. Users 3. Apply Button 4. Access Groups Button Click Access Groups. The SNMPv3 Access Groups Configuration screen appears. Figure 123: SNMPv3 Access Groups Configuration Screen 178 Viewing SNMPv3 Access Groups RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide Chapter 10 Network Discovery and Management Section 10.2 Managing MAC Addresses This section describes how to configure and manage MAC addresses. CONTENTS * Section 10.2.1, "Viewing/Clearing the MAC Address Table" * Section 10.2.2, "Viewing/Clearing the ARP Table" * Section 10.2.3, "Configuring the Age Out Period for MAC Addresses" Section 10.2.1 Viewing/Clearing the MAC Address Table The MAC Address Table displays the MAC addresses learned by the base station. Viewing the MAC Address Table To view the MAC Address Table, navigate to Backbone Switching MAC Address Table . The MAC Address Table screen appears. Managing MAC Addresses 179 Chapter 10 RUGGEDCOM WIN Network Discovery and Management User Guide 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 124: MAC Address Table Screen 1. Number of Entries 2. MAC Addresses 3. Clear Button 4. Show Per SS Button 5. Show Per VLAN Button The table provides the following information: Column Description Index Displays a unique identifier for the table entry. MAC Address Displays the MAC address of a local or remote node. SS ID Displays the subscriber unit ID, if applicable, from which the MAC address was learned. SS Name Displays the name of the subscriber unit ID, if applicable, from which the MAC address was learned. VLAN ID Displays the identifier for the Virtual LAN on which the node is active. Aging Time Displays the time (in seconds) until the entry will be removed from the table. Interface Displays the interface from which the base station learned the MAC address. Possible values include: * Network - the base station acquired the address from the Ethernet network interface * RF - the base station acquired the address from the RF interface * Local - indicates the MAC address of the base station itself 180 Viewing/Clearing the MAC Address Table RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 10 User Guide Network Discovery and Management Clearing the MAC Address Table MAC addresses are removed automatically from the MAC Address Table when the associated device does not transmit traffic before the age out period expires. Individual MAC addresses can also be removed manually when needed. To clear the MAC address table, do the following: 1. Select on or more entries in the MAC address table. 2. click Clear. The seclected entries are removed. Section 10.2.2 Viewing/Clearing the ARP Table The ARP table displays the IP addresses associated with MAC addresses, as discovered by the base station using the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP). Viewing the ARP Table To view the ARP table, navigate to Backbone Switching ARP Table. The ARP Table screen appears. 1 2 3 Figure 125: ARP Table Screen 1. Number of Entries 2. ARP Table 3. Clear Button Number of Entries displays the total number of entries in the ARP table. The ARP table details the following information about each entry: Viewing/Clearing the ARP Table 181 Chapter 10 RUGGEDCOM WIN Network Discovery and Management User Guide Parameter Description Index A unique identifier for the table entry. IP Address The IP address of the node as discovered through ARP. MAC Address The MAC address of the node. Aging Time The time in seconds (s) until the entry is removed from the table. Clearing the ARP Table ARP table entries are removed automatically from the ARP Table when the associated device does not transmit traffic before the age out period expires. Entries can also be removed manually when needed. To clear the ARP table, click Clear. All entries are removed. Section 10.2.3 Configuring the Age Out Period for MAC Addresses RUGGEDCOM WIN defines an age out period for all MAC Address Table entries to make sure the table only lists MAC addresses for active devices on the network. For each new MAC address added to the table, a timestamp is assigned to make when the address was learned. When the associated device sends traffic, the timestamp is updated. However, if the timestamp is not updated before the age out period expires, the MAC address is removed from the list. To configure the age out period for MAC addresses, do the following: MAC addresses are automatically removed from the MAC Address Table once their age out period expires. Age out defines the time in seconds each MAC Address Table entry is retained. 1. Navigate to Backbone Switching Switching Settings. The Switching Settings screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 126: Switching Settings Screen 1. Current Switching Mode 2. Current Mode of Block Broadcast Between CPEs Table Aging Time 5. Apply Button 2. 182 3. Block Broadcast Between CPEs 4. MAC Address Under MAC Address Table Aging Time, enter the age out period in seconds. The value can between 300 and 1800 seconds. The default value is 900 seconds. Configuring the Age Out Period for MAC Addresses RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide 3. Chapter 10 Network Discovery and Management Click Apply. Configuring the Age Out Period for MAC Addresses 183 Chapter 10 Network Discovery and Management 184 RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide Configuring the Age Out Period for MAC Addresses RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 11 User Guide Remote Management Remote Management This section describes how to configure the base station to be managed by a remote host. CONTENTS * Section 11.1, "Configuring Management via a Backhaul Subscriber Unit" Section 11.1 Configuring Management via a Backhaul Subscriber Unit The base station can be managed remotely via a backhaul subscriber unit. A backhaul subscriber unit acts as a proxy for hosts on the LAN side of the station to access the base station associated with the device. The host can be a AAA, DHCP or RUGGEDCOM NMS server. For redundancy, a second backhaul subscriber unit can also be configured as a backup. To configure the base station to to be managed remotely via backhaul subscriber units, do the following: 1. Navigate to Backbone Backhaul. The Managing CPE screen appears. 1 2 3 Figure 127: Managing CPE Screen 1. Managed By CPE Box 2. 2. Backup CPE 3. Apply Button Configure the following parameters: Parameter Description Managed By CPE The MAC address of the primary subscriber unit used to manage the base station. Backup CPE The MAC address of the secondary subscriber unit used to manage the base station. This subscriber unit will take over if the primary subscriber unit is offline. Configuring Management via a Backhaul Subscriber Unit 185 Chapter 11 Remote Management 3. 186 RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide Click Apply. Configuring Management via a Backhaul Subscriber Unit RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 12 User Guide Wireless Wireless This section describes how to configure and manage the base station's wireless features. CONTENTS * Section 12.1, "Starting/Stopping Transmissions" * Section 12.2, "Managing Wireless Settings" * Section 12.3, "Managing ASN Gateways" Section 12.1 Starting/Stopping Transmissions When necessary (i.e. to deregister subscriber units), radio transmissions can be disabled by stopping the radio service. To start or stop radio transmissions, do the following: NOTE For devices operating on the 3.5 GHz band, radio transmissions may be temporarily stopped by RUGGEDCOM SAS-GW due to a lack of available spectrum. Transmissions will be reenabled once spectrum is available. 1. Navigate to Quick Start. The Quick Start Settings screen appears. Starting/Stopping Transmissions 187 Chapter 12 RUGGEDCOM WIN Wireless User Guide 1 2 3 4 5 7 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 Figure 128: Quick Start Screen (ASN-GW Mode) 1. Configured BS IP Address Box 2. Configured BS Subnet Mask Box 3. Configured BS Default GW IP Address Box 4. Configured ASNGW IP Address Box (ASN-GW Mode Only) 5. Configured Frequency Box 6. Configured Bandwidth List 7. Authentication List 8. Service State 9. Apply Button 10. Reboot Button 11. Start Service Button 12. Stop Service Button 13. Restart Service Button 2. Click Start Service to start transmitting, or click Stop Service to stop all transmissions. Section 12.2 Managing Wireless Settings This section describes how to manage wireless settings. CONTENTS * Section 12.2.1, "Configuring the Base Station Name and ID" * Section 12.2.2, "Configuring the MAC Layer Settings" * Section 12.2.3, "Managing the WiMAX Radio" * Section 12.2.4, "Managing Link Adaptation" 188 Managing Wireless Settings RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 12 User Guide Wireless Section 12.2.1 Configuring the Base Station Name and ID Each base station on the WiMAX network requires a unique name, base station ID, and operator ID to distinguish them from other devices on the network. To define a name and ID for the base station, do the following: 1. Navigate to Wireless Wireless Admin Network Identifiers. The Network Identifiers screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Figure 129: Network Identifiers Screen 1. Base Station Name Box ID 6. Apply Button 2. 2. Current Base Station ID 3. Configured Base Station ID 4. Current Operator ID 5. Configured Operator Configure the following parameters: Parameter Base Station Name Description Synopsis: A string The name assigned to the base station. The name is broadcast by the base station and also appears at the top of the Web user interface. Configured Base Station ID Synopsis: A 24-bit number Default: 00:00:00 The ID for the base station. Configured Operator ID Synopsis: A 24-bit number Default: 00:00:00 The ID for the Network Access Provider. IDs for Network Access Providers are unique to each operator and managed by the IEEE Standards Association. For more information, refer to https://standards.ieee.org/develop/ regauth/bopid/. 3. Click Apply. 4. If you changed the value in the Configured Base Station ID or Configured Operator ID fields, reboot the base station: a. Click Quick Start. The Quick Start Settings pane appears. b. Click Reboot. Configuring the Base Station Name and ID 189 Chapter 12 RUGGEDCOM WIN Wireless User Guide Section 12.2.2 Configuring the MAC Layer Settings The Media Access Control (MAC) layer controls Uplink Channel Descriptors (UCDs) and Downlink Channel Descriptors (DCDs). To configure settings specific to the Media Access Control (MAC) layer, do the following: 1. Navigate to Wireless MAC MAC Settings. The MAC Settings screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 130: MAC Settings Screen 1. UCD Period Box 2. 2. DCD Period Box 3. UCD Repeat Box 4. DCD Repeat Box 5. Apply Button Configure the following parameters as required: Parameter UCD Period Description Synopsis: An integer between 5 to 20000 Default: 1000 The time interval in milliseconds (ms) after which the UCD (Uplink Channel Descriptor) appears. Before changing this setting from its default value, consult with Siemens Customer Support. DCD Period Synopsis: An integer between 5 to 20000 Default: 1000 The time interval in milliseconds (ms) after which the DCD (Downlink Channel Descriptor) appears. Before changing this setting from its default value, consult with Siemens Customer Support. UCD Repeat Synopsis: An integer between 1 to 5 Default: 3 The number of UCD message notifications sent before a new message appears. DCD Repeat Synopsis: An integer between 1 to 5 Default: 3 Sets the number of DCD message notifications sent before a new message appears. 3. 190 Click Apply. Configuring the MAC Layer Settings RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 12 User Guide Wireless Section 12.2.3 Managing the WiMAX Radio This section describes how to configure and manage the built-in WiMAX radio. CONTENTS * Section 12.2.3.1, "Viewing a Summary of WiMAX Radio Capabilities" * Section 12.2.3.2, "Configuring the WiMAX Radio" * Section 12.2.3.3, "Configuring the Structure of Frames" Section 12.2.3.1 Viewing a Summary of WiMAX Radio Capabilities To view a summary of the base station's WiMAX radio capabilities, navigate to Wireless Radio and Frame Radio Capabilities. The Radio Capabilities screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 131: Radio Capabilities Screen 1. Min Supported Frequency 2. Max Supported Frequency 3. Supported BW Power 6. Max Supported Transmit Power 7. Number of RF Channels 4. Supported MIMO Schemes 5. Min Supported Transmit The following information is displayed: Parameter Description Min Supported Frequency The minimum transmission frequency in kilohertz (kHz) supported by the radio. Max Supported Frequency The maximum transmission frequency in kilohertz (kHz) supported by the radio. Supported BW The bandwidths supported by the radio. Multiple bandwidths are separated by forward slashes (/). For example, 3.5/5/7/10 indicates support for 3.5 MHz, 5 MHz, 7 MHz, and 10 MHz bandwidths. Supported MIMO Schemes The Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) schemes supported by the radio. Multiple schemes are separated by forward slashes (/). For example, MATRIX-A/MATRIX-B indicates both MIMO Matrix A and MIMO Matrix B are supported. Managing the WiMAX Radio 191 Chapter 12 RUGGEDCOM WIN Wireless User Guide Parameter Description Min Supported Transmit Power The minimum amount of Radio Frequency (RF) power in dBm output by the radio. Max Supported Transmit Power The maximum amount of Radio Frequency (RF) power in dBm output by the radio. Number of RF Channels The number of Radio Frequency (RF) transmission channels used by the radio. Section 12.2.3.2 Configuring the WiMAX Radio To configure the WiMAX radio, do the following: 1. Navigate to Wireless Radio and Frame Radio Settings. The Radio Settings screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Figure 132: Radio Settings Screen 1. Current Frequency 2. Configured Frequency Box 3. Min Supported Frequency 4. Max Supported Frequency 5. Tx Power Box 6. Min Supported Transmit Power 7. Max Supported Transmit Power 8. Initial Ranging Power Box 9. Noise Interference Level Box 10. RF Channels Table 11. Apply Button 2. Configure the following parameter(s) as required: Parameter Description Current Frequency [kHz] Displays the current base station radio frequency, in kilohertz. Configured Frequency [kHz] The radio frequency transmitted by the base station. The value must be within the range defined by Min Supported Frequency and Max Supported Frequency. Changes to this parameter will only take effect after a system reboot. 192 Configuring the WiMAX Radio RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 12 User Guide Wireless Parameter Description Tx power [dBm] The amount of Radio Frequency (RF) power in dBm output by the radio. The value must be within the range defined by Min Supported Transmit Power and Max Supported Transmit Power. Initial Ranging Power Synopsis: An integer between -100 and 60 Default: -90 The initial ranging power in dBm. The initial ranging power minimizes possible interference by limiting the signal levels of third party equipment. If the received signal power exceeds the set value, the signal is not accepted. Noise Interference Level The maximum noise interference level in dBm. 3. Click Apply. 4. If parameters marked with * were configured, restart the base station service. For more information, refer to Section 12.1, "Starting/Stopping Transmissions". Section 12.2.3.3 Configuring the Structure of Frames To configure the structure of each frame distributed by the base station, do the following: 1. Navigate to Wireless Radio and Frame Frame Settings. The Frame Settings screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Figure 133: Frame Settings Screen 1. Current Bandwidth 2. Configured Bandwidth List 3. Current Cell ID 4. Configured Cell ID Box 5. Current Preamble Index 6. Current TDD Split 7. Configured TDD Split Box 8. Current Extended Cell Range Support 9. Configured Extended Cell Range Support List 10. Current Subchannel Bitmap 11. Configured Subchannel Bitmap List 12. DCD Count 13. UCD Count 14. Apply Button Configuring the Structure of Frames 193 Chapter 12 RUGGEDCOM WIN Wireless 2. User Guide Configure the following parameters as required: Parameter Configured Bandwidth Description Synopsis: { 3.5MHz, 5MHz, 7MHz, 10Mhz } Default: 10Mhz The bandwidth allocated to each frame. The current bandwidth allocation is displayed under Current Bandwidth. Configured Cell ID Synopsis: An integer between 0 and 31 Default: 0 The cell identifier assigned to the base station. The current cell ID is displayed under Current Cell ID. Each base station should have a unique cell ID between 0 and 31. In large networks with more than 32 base stations, IDs can be reused as long as the base stations are not in adjacent sectors in the RF plan. Configured TDD Split Synopsis: An integer between 30 and 75 Default: 66 The Time Division Duplex (TDD) ratio. The current ratio is displayed under Current TDD Split. Use the following recommended values: NOTE The TDD split values listed provide the same uplink throughput as values from previous versions of RUGGEDCOM WIN, but with better download throughput due to more download symbols available from the same number of uplink symbols. 194 Configured Split (%) Actual Split (%) Recommended Split (%) a 3.5 /7 MHz Recommended Split (%) 5/10 MHz Actual Split (%) Channel Extended Cell Range Configured Split (%) Non-Extended Cell Range 30 to 34 32 36 30 to 31 29 33 35 to 38 36 36 32 to 35 33 33 39 to 42 40 40 36 to 39 38 38 43 to 46 45 49 40 to 44 42 47 47 to 51 49 49 45 to 48 47 47 52 to 55 53 53 49 to 53 51 51 56 to 59 57 62 54 to 57 56 60 60 to 63 62 62 58 to 62 60 60 64 to 68 66 66 63 to 66 64 64 69 to 73 70 74 67 to 71 69 73 74 to 75 74 74 72 to 75 73 73 30 27 27 30 to 31 28 34 31 to 36 33 33 32 to 37 34 34 37 to 42 39 45 38 to 43 41 41 Configuring the Structure of Frames RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 12 User Guide Wireless Parameter Description a Actual Split (%) Recommended Split (%) Configured Split (%) Actual Split (%) Recommended Split (%) Channel Extended Cell Range Configured Split (%) Non-Extended Cell Range 43 to 48 45 45 44 to 49 47 53 49 to 54 52 52 50 to 56 53 53 55 to 60 58 64 57 to 62 59 59 61 to 66 64 64 63 to 68 66 72 67 to 72 70 70 69 to 74 72 72 73 to 75 76 76 75 78 78 Configuration begins at 53% configured. NOTE The TDD split in the uplink is as follows: * 3.5 MHz is supported up to 47% in the uplink * 5 MHz, 7 MHz and 10 MHz is supported up to 70% in the uplink Configured Extended Cell Range Support Synopsis: { On , Off } Default: Off Enables or disables Extended Cell Range. The current status is displayed under Current Extended Cell Range Support. Options include: * On - Enables Extended Cell Range * Off - Disables Extended Cell Range The following defines the effects on cell range when Extended Cell Range is enabled or disabled. Configured Subchannel Bitmap Channel Bandwidth Subscriber Line of Site Distance from the Base Station (Km) Extended Cell Range Configuration 5/10 MHz +8 km On 3.5/7 MHz +19 km On 5/10 MHz 8 km Off 3.5/7 MHz 19 km Off Synopsis: { All Subchannels, PUSC1 1/3, PUSC2 1/3, PUSC3 1/3, PUSC1 1/2, PUSC2 1/2 } Default: All Subchannels The subchannel used in the first downlink Partially Used Subchannel (PUSC) zone. The current setting is displayed under Current Subchannel Bitmap. For information about PUSC zones, refer to the FAQ Understanding Partially Used Subchannels (PUSC) [https://support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/104466301]. 3. Click Apply. Configuring the Structure of Frames 195 Chapter 12 RUGGEDCOM WIN Wireless 4. User Guide If parameters marked with ** were configured, reboot the base station. For more information, refer to Section 4.1, "Rebooting the Device". Otherwise, restart the base station service. For more information, refer to Section 12.1, "Starting/Stopping Transmissions". Section 12.2.4 Managing Link Adaptation This section describes how to configure link adaptation. RUGGEDCOM WIN utilizes link adaptation, or Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM), to map the appropriate Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) to current radio link conditions. Mapping can be done automatically by the base station or controlled manually by the user. CONTENTS * Section 12.2.4.1, "Configuring Link Adaptation" * Section 12.2.4.2, "Configuring DIUCs for Burst Profiles" * Section 12.2.4.3, "Configuring UIUCs for Burst Profiles" * Section 12.2.4.4, "Configuring the Interference Detection Threshold" Section 12.2.4.1 Configuring Link Adaptation To configure link adaptation, do the following: 1. 196 Navigate to Wireless Radio and Frame Link Adaptation. The Link Adaptation Settings screen appears. Managing Link Adaptation RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 12 User Guide Wireless 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Figure 134: Link Adaptation Settings Screen 1. Configured DL and UL Link Adaptation Mode List 2. Current DL Link Adaptation Mode 3. Matrix B Support List 4. Current UL LInk Adaptation Mode 5. Configured Power Correction Mode List 6. Current Power Correction Mode 7. UL Subchannelization List 8. Static DL MCS List 9. Static DL Repetition List 10. Static DL Matrix List 11. Static UL MCS List 12. Static UL Repetition List 13. Static UL Max Channels Box 14. Apply Button 2. Configure the following parameters as required: Parameter Configured DL and UL Link Adaptation Mode Description Synopsis: { Manual, Auto } Default: Auto The adaptive modulation mode used by the base station for both downlink and uplink communications. Options include: * Manual - Link adaptation is controlled manually by the user. Note that if the selected modulation does not match the current radio link conditions, no data is transferred through the base station. * Auto - The MCS most appropriate for the current radio link conditions is selected automatically. The current link adaptation mode is displayed under both Current DL Link Adaptation Mode and Current UL Link Adaptation Mode. Matrix B Support Synopsis: { True, False } Default: False Enables or disables MIMO Matrix B support for the entire base station. Options include: * False - Disables support for MIMO Matrix B * True - Enables support for MIMO Matrix B Configured Power Correction Mode Synopsis: { Standard, Fast Fading } Default: Standard The power correction mode. Options include: Configuring Link Adaptation 197 Chapter 12 RUGGEDCOM WIN Wireless User Guide Parameter Description * Standard - The default power correction algorithm is applied * Fast Fading - Power correction is applied with no in-band interference UL Subchannelization Synopsis: { Dynamic, All subchannels } Default: Dynamic The minimum number of uplink sub-channels allocated for automatic link adaptation. Options include: * Dynamic - The minimum number of sub-channels available to each registered subscriber unit is dependent on the station's power requirements and current RF conditions. For example, a subscriber unit operating at 64-QAM 5/6 (MCS 23) at low transmission power may access all sub-channels. However, a subscriber unit operating at QPSK 1/2 (MCS 1) at maxmimum power may only access a subset of available subchannels. * All subchannels - Registered subscriber units can access all sub-channels for link adaptation. Static DL MCS For Manual mode only. Synopsis: { qpsk-ctc-1/2, qpsk-ctc-3/4, qam16-ctc-1/2, qam16-ctc-3/4, qam64-ctc-2/3, qam64-ctc-3/4, qam64-ctc-5/6 } Default: qam64-ctc-1/2 The Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) index value for downlink communications. For a details about each available option, refer to Section 1.3, "Supported Modulation Techniques". Static DL Repetition For Manual mode only. Synopsis: { 1 repetition, 2 repetitions, 4 repetitions, 6 repetitions } Default: 1 repetition The number of times the transmission is repeated. This parameter is only valid when Static DL MCS is set to qpsk-ctc-1/2. Static DL Matrix For Manual mode only. Synopsis: { SISO, MIMO A, MIMO B } Default: MIMO A The MIMO scheme used for downlink transmissions. Options include: * SISO - A data stream is sent over a single antenna * MIMO A - The same data stream is sent over a both antennas * MIMO A - Independent data streams are sent over each antenna Static UL MCS For Manual mode only. Synopsis: { qpsk-ctc-1/2, qpsk-ctc-3/4, qam16-ctc-1/2, qam16-ctc-3/4, qam64-ctc-2/3, qam64-ctc-3/4, qam64-ctc-5/6 } Default: qpsk-ctc-1/2 The Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) index value for uplink communications. For a details about each available option, refer to Section 1.3, "Supported Modulation Techniques". Static UL Repetition For Manual mode only. Synopsis: { 1 repetition, 2 repetitions, 4 repetitions, 6 repetitions } Default: 1 repetition The number of times the transmission is repeated. This parameter is only valid when Static UL MCS is set to qpsk-ctc-1/2. Static UL Max Channels (1..35) Synopsis: An integer between 1 and 35 Default: 35 The UL MAX allocated subchannels for the SU device. 198 3. Click Apply. 4. If parameters marked with ** were configured, reboot the base station. For more information, refer to Section 4.1, "Rebooting the Device". Configuring Link Adaptation RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 12 User Guide Wireless 5. Configure a DIUC for each downlink burst profile. For more information, refer to Section 12.2.4.2, "Configuring DIUCs for Burst Profiles". 6. Configure a UIUC for each uplink burst profile. For more information, refer to Section 12.2.4.3, "Configuring UIUCs for Burst Profiles". 7. Configure the interference detection threshold. For more information, refer to Section 12.2.4.4, "Configuring the Interference Detection Threshold". Section 12.2.4.2 Configuring DIUCs for Burst Profiles A DIUC (Downlink Interval Usage Code) represents a burst profile (e.g. modulation, encoding, usage conditions, etc.) for a downlink burst. It consists of the following: * An index number, which is associated with a specific burst profile * A modulation and Forward Error Correction (FEC) code By default, a DIUC is defined for each supported modulation technique. To change the modulation technique assigned to a DIUC, do the following: 1. Navigate to Wireless Radio and Frame DL Modulation. The DL Coding and Modulation Settings screen appears. 1 2 3 Figure 135: DL Coding and Modulation Settings Screen 1. DIUC0 2. DIUC Table 3. Apply Button . A new row appears in the Access List Table. 2. If adding a new DIUC, click the 3. Under Modulation and FEC Code, select one of the following options: Configuring DIUCs for Burst Profiles 199 Chapter 12 RUGGEDCOM WIN Wireless User Guide * Auto - The modulation technique is selected automatically based on the current RF conditions. * { modulation technique } - A specific modulation technique to be used for the DIUC index. The same technique can be assigned to multiple DIUC indexes. For information about the available modulation techniques, refer to Section 1.3, "Supported Modulation Techniques". 4. Click Apply. Section 12.2.4.3 Configuring UIUCs for Burst Profiles A UIUC (Uplink Interval Usage Code) represents a burst profile (e.g. modulation, encoding, usage conditions, etc.) for a uplink burst. It consists of the following: * An index number, which is associated with a specific burst profile * A modulation and Forward Error Correction (FEC) code By default, a UIUC is defined for each supported modulation technique. To change the modulation technique assigned to a UIUC, do the following: 1. Navigate to Wireless Radio and Frame DL Modulation. The DL Coding and Modulation Settings screen appears. 2 1 3 Figure 136: DL Coding and Modulation Settings Screen 1. UIUC Table 2. Modulation and FEC Code List 3. Apply Button . A new row appears in the Access List Table. 2. If adding a new UIUC, click the 3. Under Modulation and FEC Code, select one of the following options: * Auto - The modulation technique is selected automatically based on the current RF conditions. 200 Configuring UIUCs for Burst Profiles RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 12 User Guide Wireless * { modulation technique } - A specific modulation technique to be used for the UIUC index. The same technique can be assigned to multiple DIUC indexes. For information about the available modulation techniques, refer to Section 1.3, "Supported Modulation Techniques". 4. Click Apply. Section 12.2.4.4 Configuring the Interference Detection Threshold RUGGEDCOM WIN base stations actively monitor Air Quality (AQ) for interference that may disrupt communications. The interference may be persistent (intermittent and repeatable) or spontaeous (random). When the interference level exceeds a user-defined threshold, the base station will automatically generate an alarm, analyze the available spectrum and select a different channel. The complete process can take up to 30 seconds. To set the threshold for excessive interference, do the following: 1. Navigate to Wireless Radio and Frame Interference Detection. The Interference Detection Settings screen appears. 1 2 Figure 137: Interference Detection Settings Screen 1. Interference Detection Threshold Box 2. 2. Apply Button Configure the following parameter: Parameter Interference Detection Threshold Description Synopsis: An integer between -90 and -50 The upper limit for interference. The default threshold is -60 for unlicensed bands or -90 for licensed bands. 3. Click Apply. Configuring the Interference Detection Threshold 201 Chapter 12 RUGGEDCOM WIN Wireless User Guide Section 12.3 Managing ASN Gateways This section describes how to configure the base station to connect to an Access Service Network (ASN) Gateway, or ASN-GW. CONTENTS * Section 12.3.1, "Configuring the ASN Gateway Connection" * Section 12.3.2, "Configuring the IP Address for an ASN Gateway" * Section 12.3.3, "Configuring Keep Alive Settings" * Section 12.3.4, "Determining the R6 Signaling Protocol In Use" Section 12.3.1 Configuring the ASN Gateway Connection To configure the connection between the base station and an ASN Gateway, do the following: 1. Configure the IP address for the ASN Gateway. For more information, refer to Section 12.3.2, "Configuring the IP Address for an ASN Gateway". 2. Configure the keep alive settings to maintain the connection. For more information, refer to Section 12.3.3, "Configuring Keep Alive Settings". Section 12.3.2 Configuring the IP Address for an ASN Gateway To configure the IP address for an ASN gateway, do the following: 1. Navigate to Backbone ASN Settings ASN-GW Settings. The ASN-GW Settings screen appears. 1 2 3 4 Figure 138: ASN-GW Settings pane 1. Current ASN-GW IP Address 2. 202 2. Configured ASN-GW IP Address Box 3. Current R6 Flavor 4. Apply Button Under Configured ASN-GW IP Address, enter the IPv4 address for the ASN gateway. Managing ASN Gateways RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 12 User Guide 3. Wireless Click Apply and then restart the base station. Following the reboot, the R6 signal protocol used between the ASN gateway and the base station should be displayed under Current R6 Flavor. This indicates a successful connection to the ASN gateway. Section 12.3.3 Configuring Keep Alive Settings To maintain the connection with the ASN Gateway, configure the keep-alive message interval, number of message retries, and whether the Keep Alive Activation Mode is enabled or disabled. To configure the keep alive settings, do the following: 1. Click Backbone. The Backbone links appear in the options pane. 2. Navigate to Backbone ASN Settings Keep Alive. The Keep Alive Settings screen appears. 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 139: Keep Alive Settings Screen 1. Keep Alive Timeout Box 2. Keep Alive Retries Box Mode List 5. Apply Button 3. 3. Current Keep Alive Activation Mode 4. Configured Keep Alive Activation Configuring following parameters: Parameter Keep Alive Timeout Description Synopsis: An integer between 1000 and 180000 Default: 30000 The time in milliseconds (ms) the base station must wait for a keep-alive response before it performs a keep-alive retransmission. Keep Alive Retries Synopsis: An integer between 1 and 10 Default: 3 The maximum number of keep-alive retransmissions to perform before the base station de-registers all of the currently registered subscriber units. Configured Keep Alive Activation Mode Synopsis: { True, False } Default: False Enables or disables Keep Alive Activation Mode. Options include: * True - Enables Keep Alive Activation Mode * False - Disables Keep Alive Activation Mode 4. Click Apply. Configuring Keep Alive Settings 203 Chapter 12 RUGGEDCOM WIN Wireless 5. User Guide If Keep Alive Activation Mode was enabled or disabled, reboot the base station. Section 12.3.4 Determining the R6 Signaling Protocol In Use To determine which R6 signaling protocol is in use, navigate to Backbone ASN Settings ASN-GW Settings. The ASN-GW Settings screen appears. 1 2 3 4 Figure 140: ASN-GW Settings pane 1. Current ASN-GW IP Address 2. Configured ASN-GW IP Address Box 3. Current R6 Flavor 4. Apply Button The R6 signal protocol used between the ASN gateway and the base station is displayed under Current R6 Flavor. 204 Determining the R6 Signaling Protocol In Use RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 13 User Guide Troubleshooting Troubleshooting This chapter describes troubleshooting steps for common issues that may be encountered when using RUGGEDCOM WIN. CONTENTS * Section 13.1, "Troubleshooting Resources" * Section 13.2, "Frequently Asked Questions" Section 13.1 Troubleshooting Resources This section describes the various troubleshooting resources available within RUGGEDCOM WIN. CONTENTS * Section 13.1.1, "Pinging an IPv4 Address or Host" * Section 13.1.2, "Tracing a Route to an IPv4 Host" * Section 13.1.3, "Viewing/Clearing Aggregate Throughput Statistics" * Section 13.1.4, "Accessing Developer Mode" * Section 13.1.5, "Using the Spectrum Analyizer Tool" Section 13.1.1 Pinging an IPv4 Address or Host To ping an IPv4 address or host, do the following: 1. Navigate to Wireless Diagnostics Ping. The Ping screen appears. Troubleshooting Resources 205 Chapter 13 RUGGEDCOM WIN Troubleshooting User Guide 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 141: Ping Screen 1. Destination IP Address Box 6. Result 7. Ping Button 2. 2. Packet Length Box 3. Number of Packets Box 4. Timeout Box 5. Don't Fracture Bit Box Configure the following parameters: Parameter Description Destination IP Address The IPv4 address or host name. Packet Length The size of each individual packet (in bytes) sent by the ping request. Number of Packets The number of packets to send per ping request. Timeout Time in milliseconds (ms) RUGGEDCOM WIN will wait for a reply after sending a ping request. If the time period is exceeded, the IP address or host is deemed unreachable. Don't Fracture Bit Controls when the Don't Fragment flag is set. Options include: * Enable - The Don't Fragment flag is set * False - The Don't Fragment flag is not set 3. Click Ping. The result of the request is displayed under Result. Section 13.1.2 Tracing a Route to an IPv4 Host To trace a route to an IPv4 Host, do the following: 206 1. Click Wireless. The Network Identifiers pane appears. 2. Navigate to Wireless Diagnostics Trace Route. The Trace Route screen appears. Tracing a Route to an IPv4 Host RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 13 User Guide Troubleshooting 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 142: Trace Route Screen 1. Destination IP Address Box 2. Number of Probes Box List 6. Diagnostic Result 7. Trace Route Button 3. 3. Maximum Hops Box 4. Timeout Box 5. Don't Perform DNS Lookup Configure the following parameters: Parameter Description Destination IP Address The host's IPv4 address. Number of Probes The number of trace route probes to be performed. Maximum Hops The maximum number of hops allowed. Timeout Time in seconds (s) RUGGEDCOM WIN will wait for the trace route to complete. Don't Perform DNS Lookup Select a value to enable or disable DNS lookup. When set to True, DNS lookup is performed as part of the trace route operation. When set to False, DNS lookup is not performed as part of the trace route operation. The default is False. Controls if DNS look up is performed as part of the trace route operation. Options include: * Enable - DNS lookup is performed * False - DNS lookup is not performed 4. Click Trace Route. The result of the trace is displayed under Result. Section 13.1.3 Viewing/Clearing Aggregate Throughput Statistics RUGGEDCOM WIN actively records statistics on aggregate throughput, which describes the average uplink and downlink performance. Viewing Aggregate Throughput Statistics To view the the current aggregate throughput statistics, navigate to Wireless Network Identifiers Diagnostics Aggregate Throughput. The Aggregate Throughput Statistics screen appears. Viewing/Clearing Aggregate Throughput Statistics 207 Chapter 13 RUGGEDCOM WIN Troubleshooting User Guide 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Figure 143: Aggregate Throughput Statistics Screen 1. Aggregate DL Packets 6. Aggregate UL CRC OK 2. Aggregate UL Packets 3. Aggregate UL Bytes 4. Aggregate DL Bytes 7. UL PER 8. UL BER 9. UL Rate 10. DL Rate 11. Clear Button 5. Aggregate UL CRC Failures This screen The following statistics: Parameter Description Aggregate DL Packets The total number of downlink packets since statistics were last cleared. Aggregate UL Packets The total number of uplink packets since statistics were last cleared. Aggregate UL Bytes The total number of uplink bytes since statistics were last cleared. Aggregate DL Bytes The total number of downlink bytes since statistics were last cleared. Aggregate UL CRC Failures The total number of uplink CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) failures since statistics were last cleared. Aggregate UL CRC OK The total number of CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) successes since statistics were last cleared. UL PER The uplink packet error rate. UL BER The uplink bit error rate. UL Rate The uplink rate. DL Rate The downlink rate. Clearing the Aggregate Throughput Statistics To clear the current statistics, click Clear. 208 Viewing/Clearing Aggregate Throughput Statistics RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 13 User Guide Troubleshooting Section 13.1.4 Accessing Developer Mode Developer mode provides additional options for configuring and debugging the device. It is intended primarily for use by Siemens Customer Support. To access developer mode, do the following: NOTE * Developer mode is only available to developers for advanced troubleshooting purposes. * Developers cannot access the device without logging into the system first. IMPORTANT! The developer mode password is provided by Siemens. To obtain a password, contact Siemens Customer Support. 1. Navigate to Admin Developer Mode. The Developer Mode screen appears. 1 2 3 Figure 144: Developer Mode Screen 1. Password Box 2. 3. 2. Status 3. Apply Button In the Password box, type the password for developer mode. The status of the password appears in the Status box. If the password is correct, the message Correct Password appears. Click Apply. Section 13.1.5 Using the Spectrum Analyizer Tool Use the Spectrum Analyzer tool to review the base station spectrum. This is useful when interference (e.g. from other base stations operating in the same bandwidth) is suspected of interfering with base station operation. The tool provides only a preliminary indication of the presence of interference. If interference is detected, it is recommended to perform detailed, in-depth analysis using a spectrum analyzer device and other relevant analysis tools. The Spectrum Analyzer tool provides the following analysis capabilities: * Viewing the spectrum of all frequencies in which the base station is designed to operate Accessing Developer Mode 209 Chapter 13 RUGGEDCOM WIN Troubleshooting User Guide * Setting the Spectrum Analyzer to operate and accumulate data within a specified span * Viewing a frozen or held signal for comparison with continuing incoming signals * Other basic measurement tools and functions CONTENTS * Section 13.1.5.1, "Configuring the Spectrum Analyzer Tool" * Section 13.1.5.2, "Starting/Stopping the Spectrum Analyzer Tool" * Section 13.1.5.3, "Plotting the Spectrum" * Section 13.1.5.4, "Freezing the Current Signal" * Section 13.1.5.5, "Enabling Max Hold" * Section 13.1.5.6, "Placing a Marker" * Section 13.1.5.7, "Selecting/Unselecting a Signal" * Section 13.1.5.8, "Setting the Span of a Spectrum Analysis" * Section 13.1.5.9, "Enabling Hold" * Section 13.1.5.10, "Saving the Spectrum Plot" * Section 13.1.5.11, "Clearing the Spectrum Plot" Section 13.1.5.1 Configuring the Spectrum Analyzer Tool To configure the Spectrum Analyzer tool, do the following: 210 1. Start the Spectrum Analyzer tool. For more information, refer to Section 13.1.5.2, "Starting/Stopping the Spectrum Analyzer Tool". 2. Navigate to Admin Spectrum Analyzer. The Spectrum Configuration screen appears. Configuring the Spectrum Analyzer Tool RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 13 User Guide Troubleshooting 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Figure 145: Spectrum Configuration Screen 1. Center Frequency Box 2. Frequency Span Box 3. Number of Sweeps to Average Box 4. Input Antenna Box 6. Max Power Box 7. Gain Shift Box 8. Apply Button 9. Reset to Default Button 10. Stop Spectrum Button 3. 5. Min Power Box Configure the following parameters: At any time, click Reset to Default to restore the default settings. Parameter 4. Description Central Frequency The central frequency measured in kilohertz (kHz) between the upper and lower cutoff frequencies. Frequency Span The range measured in megahertz (MHz) between the start and stop frequencies. Number of Sweeps to Average The number of sweeps to perform for trace averaging. Input Antenna The input antenna. Spectrum calculations will be based on the signals received by this antenna. Min Power The lower power limit of the displayed spectrum. Max Power The upper power limit of the displayed spectrum. Gain Shift The receiver (Rx) gain correction used to avoid compression of the input signals. Click Apply. The spectrum plot now conforms to the new settings. For more information about viewing the spectrum plot, refer to Section 13.1.5.3, "Plotting the Spectrum". Configuring the Spectrum Analyzer Tool 211 Chapter 13 RUGGEDCOM WIN Troubleshooting User Guide Section 13.1.5.2 Starting/Stopping the Spectrum Analyzer Tool NOTE Starting the Spectrum Analyzer requires the base station to restart in Spectrum Analyzer mode. Service is interrupted until the Spectrum Analyzer Tool is stopped. Starting the Spectrum Analyzer Tool To start the Spectrum Analyzer tool, do the following: 1. Navigate to Admin Spectrum Analyzer. The Spectrum Configuration screen appears. 1 Figure 146: Spectrum Configuration Screen 1. Start Spectrum Button 2. Click Start Spectrum. A confirmation message appears requesting to restart the base station in Spectrum Analyzer mode. 3. Click OK. The base station reboots in Spectrum Analyzer mode. 4. Configure the Spectrum Analyzer tool. For more information, refer to Section 13.1.5.1, "Configuring the Spectrum Analyzer Tool". Stopping the Spectrum Analyzer Tool To stop the Spectrum Analyzer tool, do the following: 1. 212 Navigate to Admin Spectrum Analyzer. The Spectrum Configuration screen appears. Starting/Stopping the Spectrum Analyzer Tool RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 13 User Guide Troubleshooting 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Figure 147: Spectrum Configuration Screen 1. Center Frequency Box 2. Frequency Span Box 3. Number of Sweeps to Average Box 4. Input Antenna Box 6. Max Power Box 7. Gain Shift Box 8. Apply Button 9. Reset to Default Button 10. Stop Spectrum Button 2. 5. Min Power Box Click Stop Spectrum. The base station reboots into normal operation mode. Section 13.1.5.3 Plotting the Spectrum To view the spectrum analysis plot, navigate to Admin Spectrum Analyzer Spectrum Plot. The Spectrum Plot screen appears. Plotting the Spectrum 213 Chapter 13 RUGGEDCOM WIN Troubleshooting User Guide 1 2 3 Figure 148: Spectrum Plot Screen 1. Status 2. Spectrum Graph 3. Controls The table above the spectrum graph details the status of the spectrum analysis. The following information is displayed: Column Description Max Hold The status of the Max Hold function. Possible values include: ON and OFF. Peak The frequency and power of the peak signal level within the spectrum. Marker The frequency and power at the marker location. Power Over BW The overall power over the range selected. Buttons below the spectrum graph provide the following functions: Button Description Freeze Freezes the current signal. Hold Freezes the current signal and displays it in blue. Real-time signals are then displayed in yellow next to the frozen signal. Use this to compare signal changes over time. For more information about freezing the current signal, refer to Section 13.1.5.4, "Freezing the Current Signal". 214 Plotting the Spectrum RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 13 User Guide Troubleshooting Button Max Hold Description Displays only the highest point detected for each frequency range during the test. This is analogous to the Max Hold function on a standard spectrum analyzer. For more information about this function, refer to Section 13.1.5.5, "Enabling Max Hold". Select Zooms in on the signal selected using the Freeze function. For more information about using this function, refer to Section 13.1.5.7, "Selecting/ Unselecting a Signal". Unselect Clears the selection made with the Select function. For more information about using this function, refer to Section 13.1.5.7, "Selecting/ Unselecting a Signal". Set Span Sets the span of the spectrum analyzer to the frequency band of the selected part of the frozen signal. For more information about using this function, refer to Section 13.1.5.8, "Setting the Span of a Spectrum Analysis". Clear Clears the display. For more information about using this function, refer to Section 13.1.5.11, "Clearing the Spectrum Plot". Move to File Saves plotted data to a comma-separated value (*.csv) file. For more information about using this function, refer to Section 13.1.5.10, "Saving the Spectrum Plot". Section 13.1.5.4 Freezing the Current Signal During spectrum analysis, signal readings move from left to right on the spectrum graph. Click Freeze to stop the spectrum analysis and display the signal in its current state. Section 13.1.5.5 Enabling Max Hold The Max Hold function places a dot on the spectrum graph at the highest point detected for each frequency range during the spectrum analysis. In the following example, a dot is placed where the mechanical power output (Pmax) reach -77 dBm and the frequency (F) is 3557.6 MHz. Freezing the Current Signal 215 Chapter 13 Troubleshooting RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide Figure 149: Max Hold Enabled To enable this function, click Max Hold. The cell under Max Hold in the table above the spectrum graph changes from Off to On. To disable this function, click Max Hold again. Section 13.1.5.6 Placing a Marker Markers display frequency (Fcur) and power (Pcur and Pheld) information for the area where they are placed. This information appears in the Marker column in the table above the spectrum graph. To place a marker, simply left-click the desired area on the spectrum graph. A red vertical line appears on the graph. 216 Placing a Marker RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 13 User Guide Troubleshooting Figure 150: Marker To remove the marker, left-click it or place a new marker. NOTE Markers can only be placed one at a time. Section 13.1.5.7 Selecting/Unselecting a Signal To zoom in on an area of the spectrum graph for greater detail, left-click and drag a box around the desired area on the graph and then click Select. The selected area will expand to fill the spectrum graph window. To zoom out, click Unselect. Section 13.1.5.8 Setting the Span of a Spectrum Analysis The spectrum analysis can be adjusted to acquire signals from a specific bandwidth region. To set the span to which the analysis will focus, do the following: Selecting/Unselecting a Signal 217 Chapter 13 Troubleshooting RUGGEDCOM WIN User Guide 1. Left-click and drag a box around the desired area and then click Set Span. A confirmation message appears to confirm the action. 2. Click Yes. The frequency range and power recorded in the selected region are displayed in the Power Over BW column in the table above the spectrum graph. Section 13.1.5.9 Enabling Hold The Hold function freezes the current signal and changes its color to blue, while the continuous real-time signal appears behind it in yellow. Figure 151: Hold Enabled To enable this function, click Hold. To disable this function, click Hold again. 218 Enabling Hold RUGGEDCOM WIN Chapter 13 User Guide Troubleshooting Section 13.1.5.10 Saving the Spectrum Plot Data from the spectrum analysis can be saved locally to a Comma-Separated Value (CSV) file for future reference. To save the spectrum plot, click Save to File and follow the on-screen instructions to save the file. Section 13.1.5.11 Clearing the Spectrum Plot Click Clear to clear all data collected since the spectrum analysis began. The spectrum plot will display signals acquired from that point forward. Section 13.2 Frequently Asked Questions The following are common questions and answers. If a question is not answered in this section, refer to the many FAQs available on Siemens Industry Online Support [https://support.industry.siemens.com] or contact Siemens Customer Support for assistance. Q: Why is there no connectivity between the base station and RUGGEDCOM NMS? A: The base station is either powered down, not connected to the network, or using a different RF IP address than what is configured in RUGGEDCOM NMS. Do the following to identify the problem: 1. First, make sure the workstation running RUGGEDCOM NMS is setup as an SNMP trap destination. For more information, refer to Section 10.1.4.2, "Configuring SNMP Trap Destinations". 2. If the workstation is an SNMP trap destination, ping the base station at its RF IP address from the workstation running RUGGEDCOM NMS. 3. If there is no response, make sure the base station is powered and connected to the network. 4. If the base station is powered and connected, verify the RF IP address assigned to the device. a. Connect directly to the device. For more information, refer to Section 3.2.2, "Connecting Directly". b. Establish an SSH connection using the device's LAN IP address. c. Enter showipaddr. The RF IP address for the device is displayed. If the LAN IP address is unknown, do the following: Q: a. Start a packet analyzer, such as Wireshark, on the workstation connected directly to the base station. b. Reboot the base station. c. In the packet analyzer, open the gratuitous ARP message from the device and look for the RF IP address defined within. 5. From the workstation running RUGGEDCOM NMS, ping the IP address assigned to the base station. 6. If there is still no response from the base station, contact Siemens Customer Support. Why is there no serial connection, even though a serial cable is connected to the base station? Saving the Spectrum Plot 219 Chapter 13 RUGGEDCOM WIN Troubleshooting A: 220 User Guide If there is no serial connection when using the serial cable, perform the following: 1. Ping the base station's RF IP address. 2. If the RF IP address is unreachable, verify the power connections. 3. If power is connected, but there is still no serial connection or IP connectivity, contact Siemens Customer Support. Q: Why is the base station inaccessible or slow to access via HTTPS and/or SSH? A: The base station may be experiencing a memory leak issue. Try disabling one or more logs to free up memory. For more information, refer to Section 4.6.2, "Enabling/Disabling Logs". Frequently Asked Questions