LM78MXxX Series National | Semiconductor LM78MXX Series 3-Terminal Positive Voltage Regulators General Description The LM78M00 series of 3-terminal medium current positive voltage regulators employ internal current-limiting, thermal shutdown and safe-area compensation making them essen- tially indestructible. If adequate heat sinking is provided, they can deliver in excess of 0.5A output current. They are intended as fixed voltage regulators in a wide range of appli- cations including local (on-card) regulation for elimination of noise and distribution problems associated with single-point regulation. In addition to use as fixed voltage regulators, these devices can be used with external components to ob- tain adjustable output voltages and currents. Features @ Output current in excess of 0.5A w No external components @ Internal thermal overload protection @ Internal short circuit current-limiting m Output transistor safe-area compensation g Available in JEDEC TO-220 and TO-39 packages @ Output voltages of 5V, BV, BV, 12V, 15V, and 24V Connection Diagrams IN COMMON OUT TL/H/10053-1 Lead 8 connected tocase. Top View Order Number LM78MO5CH, LM78MQ6CH, LM78MO08CH, LM78M12CH, LM768M15CH or LM78M24CH See NS Package Number H03B OUT COMMON \ comuon TL/H/10053-2 Top View Lead 3 connected to tad. Order Number LM78MO5CT, LM7S3M06CT, LM78MOSCT, LM78M12CT, LM78M15CT or LM78M24CT See NS Package Number TO03B 4-316rm . . = Absolute Maximum Ratings > If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, Lead Temperature = please contact the National Semiconductor Sales TO-39 Metal Can (Soldering, 60 sec.) 300C 3S Office/Distributors for availability and specifications. TO-220 Package (Soldering, 60 sec.) 265C Storage Temperature Range Power Dissipation Internally Limited $ TO-39 Metal Can 65C to + 175C Input Voltage oO TO-220 Package 65C to + 150C 5.0V to 15V 35V @ Operating Junction Temperature Range orc to + 150C 24V 40V ESD Susceptibility (to be determined) LM78M05C Electrical Characteristics OC < Ta S 125C, V| = 10V, Io = 350 mA, C) = 0.33 pF, Co = 0.1 pF, unless otherwise specified Conditions Symbol Parameter (Note 1) Min | Typ | Max Units Vo Output Voltage Ty = 26C 4.8 5.0 5.2 Vv VR LINE Line Regulation Ty = 26C 7.0V < Vi < 25V, 3.0 100 lo = 200 mA mV 8.0V < V| s 20V, lo = 200 mA 1.0 50 Vea LOAD Load Regulation Ty = 26C 5.0 mA < Iq < 500 mA 20 100 mV 5.0 mA < Ig < 200 mA 10 50 Vo Output Voltage 7.0V < V <= 20V, 5.0 mA < Ilo < 350 mA 4.78 6.25 V la Quiescent Current Ty = 26C 4.5 8.0 mA Ala Quiescent with Line 8.0V < Vi < 25V, lo = 200 mA 0.8 mA Current Change =| withLoad | 5.0mA <Io < 350mA 0.5 No Neise Ta, = 25C, 10 Hz < f < 100 kHz 40 bv AV\/AVo | Ripple Rejection f = 2400 Hz, Ip = 125 mA, Ty = 25C 62 80 dB Vbo Dropout Voltage Ta = 25C 2.0 Vv los Output Short Circuit Current Ty = 25C, Vi = 35V 300 mA lok Peak Output Current Ty = 25C 700 mA AVo/ AT Average Temperature Ig = 5.0 mA Coefficient of Output Voltage 10 mVC LM78M06C Electrical Characteristics OC < Ta < 125C, Vj = 11V, lo = 350 mA, C; = 0.33 pF, Co = 0.1 wF, unless otherwise specified Conditions Symbol Parameter (Note 1) Min Typ Max Units Vo Output Voltage Ty = 25C 5.75 6.0 6.26 v VeLINE Line Regulation Ty = 26C 8.0V < V| < 25V, 5.0 100 lo = 200 mA mV 9.0V < Vi < 20V, lg = 200 mA 18 50 VR LOAD Load Regulation Ty = 25C 5.0mA < Io < 500 mA 20 120 mV 5.0mA < Ig < 200 mA 10 60 Vo Output Voltage B.0V < V, < 21V, 5.0 mA < lg < 350 mA 5.7 6.3 V la Quiescent Current Ty = 26C 4.5 8.0 mA Ala Quiescent with Line 9.0V < Vi < 25V, Ip = 200 mA 0.8 Current Change ; mA g with Load 5.0 mA < Ig < 350 mA 0.5 1-319LM78MXX Series LM78M06C Electrical Characteristics (continued) OC <= Ta < 126C, Vj = 11V, Io = 350 mA, C) = 0.33 uF, Co = 0.1 pF, unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Note 1) Min Typ Max Units No Noise Ta = 25C, 10 Hz < f < 100 kHz 45 pV AV|/AVo Ripple Rejection f = 2400 Hz, Ip = 125 mA, Ty = 25C 59 80 dB Vpo Dropout Voltage Ta = 25C 2.0 v los Output Short Circuit Current Ty = 28C, V| = 35V 270 mA lok Peak Output Current Ty = 26C 700 mA AVo/AT Average Temperature lo = 5.0mA 0.5 mV/C Coefficient of Output Voltage LM78M08C Electrical Characteristics oc < Ta Ss 125C, V; = 14V, lo = 350 mA, C, = 0.33 pF, Co = 0.1 pF, unless otherwise specified Symbol Parameter Note 1) Min | Typ | Max Units Vo Output Voltage Ty = 26C 77 8.0 8.3 V VR UNE Line Regulation Ty = 26C 10.5V < V, < 25V, 6.0 100 Io = 200 mA mV lo 200 * A 20 | 50 VR LOAD Load Regulation Ty = 26C 5.0 mA < Io < 500 mA 25 160 mV 5.0 mA < Ig < 200 mA 10 80 Vo Output Voltage 10.5V < Vj < 23V, 76 84 Vv 5.0 mA < lo < 350 mA la Quiescent Current Ty = 25C 4.6 8.0 mA Alg Quiescent with Line 10.5V < V; < 25V, Ilo = 200 mA 0.8 mA Current Change =| withLoad | 5.0mA < Io < 350mA 0.5 No Noise Ta = 25C, 10 Hz < f < 100 kHz 52 pv AV|/AVo | Ripple Rejection f = 2400 Hz, Ilo = 125 mA, Ty = 25C 56 80 dB Vpo Dropout Voltage Ta = 26C 2.0 v los Output Short Circuit Current Ty = 26C, V| = 35V 250 mA lpk Peak Output Current Ty = 26C 700 mA AVo/AT Average Temperature lo = 5.0 mA 0.5 mv/C Coefficient of Output Voltage LM78M12C Electrical Characteristics Orc < Ta <= 125C, V; = 19V, lp = 350 mA, C; = 0.33 pF, Co = 0.1 pF, unless otherwise specified Symbol Parameter ONete Min Typ | Max | Units Vo Output Voltage Ty = 26C 11.5 12.0 12.5 Vv VR LINE Line Regulation Ty = 26C 14.5V < V| < 30V, B.0 100 Io = 200 mA mV tev eco 20 | a 1-320LM78M12C Electrical Characteristics (continued) OC < Ta S 125C, V; = 19V, Ig = 350 mA, C; = 0.33 pF, Co = 0.1 uF, unless otherwise specified Symbol Parameter cote Min | Typ | Max Units Vatoap | Load Regulation Ty = 25C 5.0mA < Io < 500 mA 25 | 240 mV 5.0 mA < Io < 200 mA 10 120 Vo Output Voltage : OmA ck, 2 350 aA 11.4 126 Vv la Quiescent Current Ty = 26C 4.8 8.0 mA Alg Quiescent with Line 14.5V < V, <= 30V, Ip = 200 mA 0.8 mA Current Change =| withLoad | 5.0mA < Ig < 350mA 0.5 No Noise Ta = 26C, 10 Hz < f = 100 kHz 75 py AV|/AVg | Ripple Rejection V | ey T lo eo mA, 55 80 dB Vpo Dropout Voltage Ta = 25C 2.0 Vv los Output Short Circuit Current Ty = 25C, V; = 35V 240 mA lox Peak Output Current Ty = 26C 700 mA AVo/AT | Average Temperature lo = 5.0mA 1.0 mv/"C Coefficient of Output Voltage LM78M15C Electrical Characteristics . Orc < Ta = 126C, V| = 23V, Io = 350 mA, C; = 0.33 pF, Co = 0.1 wF, unless otherwise specified (Continued) Symbol Parameter cote) Min Typ | Max Units Vo Output Voltage Ty = 25C 14.4 15.0 15.6 Vv VR LINE Line Regulation Ty = 26C 17.5V < Vi < 30V, 10 400 Io = 200 mA mV so << 2 20 | a VRLOAD Load Regulation Ty = 25C 5.0mMA < Io < 500 mA 25 300 mV 5.0mA < Io <= 200 mA 10 150 Vo Output Voltage : Oma <i, 350 A 14.25 15.75 Vv lg Quiescent Current Ty = 26C 4.8 8.0 mA Algo Quiescent with Line 17.5V < V| < 30V, lo = 200 mA 0.8 mA CurrentChang | withLoad | 5.0mA < Ig < 350 mA 05 No Noise Ta = 28C, 10 Hz < f < 100 kHz 90 pv AV\/AVo | Ripple Rejection V : io lo coe mA, 54 70 dB Vpo Dropout Voltage Ta = 26C 2.0 v los Output Short Circuit Current Ty = 26C, V, = 35V 240 mA lpk Peak Output Current Ty = 26C 700 mA AVo/AT | Average Temperature lo = 5.0mA 1.0 mV/C Coefficient of Output Voltage 1-321 $3}19S XXNSZIN1LM78MXX Series LM78M24C Electrical Characteristics OPC < Ta < 125C, Vi = 33V, Ip = 360 mA, C) = 0.33 nF, Co = 0.1 pF, unless otherwise specified Symbol Parameter Note Min | Typ | Max | Units Vo Output Voltage Ty = 25C 23.0 | 24.0 | 25.0 Vv VR LINE Line Regulation Ty = 26C 27V < Vv, = 38V, 10 100 Io = 200 mA mV 2BV < Mi < 26, 50 | 50 VR LOAD Load Regulation Ty = 25C 5.0 mA < Io < 500 mA 30 480 mV 5.0 mA < Io s 200 mA 10 240 Vo Output Voltage one I ioe 450 mA 22.8 252 Vv lo Quiescent Current Ty = 26C 5.0 8.0 mA Alg Quiescent with Line 27V < Vi < 38V,Iq = 200 mA 0.6 mA CurrentChange =| withLoad | 5.0mA <Io < 350 mA 0.5 No Noise Ta = 25C, 10 Hz < f < 100 kHz 170 pV AV|/AVo | Ripple Rejection f = 2400 Hz, Io = 125 mA, V| = 30V, 50 70 dB Ty = 25C Vpo Dropout Voltage Ta = 26C 2.0 Vv los Output Short Circuit Currant Ty = 35C, V; = 35V 240 mA lok Peak Output Current Ty = 25C 700 mA Not | Sen toctvatage | 0* 12 | | avec Note 1: All characteristics except noise voitage and ripple rejection ratlo are measured using pulse techniques (T: w S 10 ms, duly cycle < 5%). Output voltage changes due to changes in internal temperature must be taken into account separately. . . . Equivalent Circuit ; IN rR R13 1000 4000 10ka ert R18 ag S 100ka S scon "i aK ais a14 KY y R21 bfer 15 200 tw RIz a12 nize 2400 Say 2000 $0.6ka RSS 53ka > our a13 be) , bis $*r20 ne > ohh Seka F o-19ka 27k? 5 t, = A01 KR a 20k $ Sk R7 g @ 5ka 5000 > > > > COMMON TL/H/10083-3 1-322Typical Performance Characteristics Worst Case Power Dissipation vs Amblent Temperature (TO-39} Si POWER DISSIPATION (W) POWER DISSIPATION (W) =7 3 8 78 10 12 180 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (C) Output Voltage vs Junction Temperature 12.20 12.16 fy, =12 _. 1212 b=50 e = 1208 S204 S 1200 11.96 E E 11.92 11.88 5 1184 z= 11.80 75-50-25 0 25 50 75 100125150175 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C) Quiescent Current vs Input Voltage n= 50 f=20m QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) 35 5 0 6h HO 8B BD SE INPUT VOLTAGE () Note: Other LM78M00 Series devices have similar curves. Worst Case Power Dissipation vs 0 Amblent Temperature (TO-220) 5a A 2 20 10 i 05 E 04 =7.5W ZB x ri] in. C1180 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (C) Dropout Voltage vs Junction Temperature OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) DROPOUT CONDITIONS 9 LAVO= 5% OF =75-50=25 0 25 50 75 100125150175 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (t) Quiescent Current vs Temperature 4s 47 i= 200 46 45 RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) 4 40 75-50-25 0 25 50 75 100125150175 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (C) Peak Output Current vs Input/Output Voltage Differential Bf & & 0 0 5 6b & 2 GB Bw (NPUT/OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL () Dropout Characteristics 8 Ty= LM7aM0S 0 2 4 6 8 1 INPUT VOLTAGE (v} Ripple Rejection vs Frequency =5.0V =200mA = 25 10 100 10k 10% 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) TL/H/10053-4 1-323 S8H8S XXWSZINTLM78MXX Series Typical Performance Characteristics (continued) Line Transient Response T7805 |- INPUT VOLT, 20 0 OUTPUT VOLTAGE 0 DEVIATION wn INPUT VOLTAGE (V) nip [T)= 25C 10) 3= 500 Vg =5.0 0 2 4 6 8 0 2 TIME (s28) OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION (mY) 20 TLAH/10053-5 Design Considerations The LM78MXx fixed voltage regulator series has thermal- overload protection from excessive power, internal short cir- cuit protection which limits the circuit's maximum current, and output transistor safe-area compensation for reducing the output short circuit current as the voltage across the pass transistor is increased. Although the internal power dissipation is limited, the junc- tion temperature must be kept below the maximum speci- fied temperature (+ 125C for LM78MXXC) in order to meet data sheet specifications. To caiculate the maximum junc- tion temperature or heat sink required, the following thermal resistance values should be used: Typ Max Typ Max Package Ade Odo Ja Ug TO-39 18 25 120 140 TO-220 3.0 5.0 60 40 Po Max = Ty Max ~ Ta * O30 + 86a T T = 1 Max" "A (without a Heat Sink) 9JA 8c = cg + Osa Solving for Ty: Ty = Ta + Pp (Osc + Oca) or = Ta + Pp 8J, (Without a Heat Sink) Load Transient Response -_ y| =. = 30 | Yo = 5.0V a, = 20 Ez a % 10 5 3 > 4 oS 2 2 5 Ss E -10 oS =2.0 0 10 20 3 4 50 = 60 TIME (4:3) TL/H/10059-6 Where: Ty = Junction Temperature Ta = Ambient Temperature Pp = Power Dissipation 4jc = Junction to Case Thermal Resistance 8ca = Case-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance cg = Case-to-Heat Sink to Resistance 8s4 = Heat Sink-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance 95a = Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance Typical Applications Fixed Output Regulator 1 LM78MXX 2 (NOTE 1) TL/H/10053+7 Note 1: To specify an output voltage, substitue voltage value for KX". Note 2: Bypass capacitors are recommended for optimum stability and tran- sient response and should be located as close as possible to the regulator. 1-324