LMV301
LMV301 Low Input Bias Current, 1.8V Op Amp w/ Rail-to-Rail Output
Literature Number: SNOS968
LMV301
Low Input Bias Current, 1.8V Op Amp w/ Rail-to-Rail
Output
General Description
The LMV301 CMOS operational amplifier is ideal for single
supply, low voltage operation with a guaranteed operating
voltage range from 1.8V to 5V. The low input bias current of
less than 0.182pAtypical, eliminates input voltage errors that
may originate from small input signals. This makes the
LMV301 ideal for electrometer applications requiring low
input leakage such as sensitive photodetection transimped-
ance amplifiers and sensor amplifiers. The LMV301 also
features a rail-to-rail output voltage swing in addition to a
input common-mode range that includes ground. The
LMV301 will drive a 600Ωresistive load and up to 1000pF
capacitive load in unity gain follower applications. The low
supply voltage also makes the LMV301 well suited for
portable two-cell battery systems and single cell Li-Ion
systems.
The LMV301 exhibits excellent speed-power ratio, achieving
1MHz at unity gain with low supply current. The high DC gain
of 100dB makes it ideal for other low frequency applications.
The LMV301 is offered in a space saving SC-70 package,
which is only 2.0X2.1X1.0mm. It is also similar to the
LMV321 except the LMV301 has a CMOS input.
Key Specifications
(Typical values unless otherwise specified)
nInput bias current 0.182pA
nGain bandwidth product 1MHz
nSupply voltage @1.8V 1.8V to 5V
nSupply current 150µA
nInput referred voltage noise @1kHz 40nV/
nDC Gain (600Ωload) 100dB
nOutput voltage range @1.8V 0.024 to 1.77V
nInput common-mode voltage range −0.3V to V
+
- 1.2V
Applications
nThermocouple amplifiers
nPhoto current amplifiers
nTransducer amplifiers
nSample and hold circuits
nLow frequency active filters
Connection Diagram
SC70-5
20019301
Top View
Applications Circuit
Low Leakage Sample and Hold
20019307
Ordering Information
Package Part Number Package Marking Transport Media NSC Drawing
5-Pin SC70-5 LMV301MG A48 1k Units Tape and Reel MAA05A
LMV301MGX 3k Units Tape and Reel
March 2001
LMV301 Low Input Bias Current, 1.8V Op Amp w/ Rail-to-Rail Output
© 2001 National Semiconductor Corporation DS200193 www.national.com
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales
Office/Distributors for availability and specifications.
ESD Tolerance (Note 7)
Machine Model 200V
Human Body Model 2000V
Differential Input Voltage ±Supply Voltage
Supply Voltage (V
+
-V
−
) 5.5V
Output Short Circuit to V
+
(Note 2)
Output Short Circuit to V
−
(Note 2)
Storage Tempeature Range −65˚C to 150˚C
Mounting Temperature
Infrared or Convection (20 sec) 235˚C
Junction Temperature (Note 3) 150˚C
Operating Ratings(Note 1)
Supply Voltage 1.8V to 5.0V
Temperature Range −40˚C ≤T
J
≤+85˚C
Thermal Resistance (θ
JA
)
Ultra Tiny SC70-5 Package
5-pin Surface Mount 478˚C/W
1.8V DC Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T
J
= 25˚C. V
+
= 1.8V, V
−
= 0V, V
CM
=V
+
/2, V
O
=V
+
/2, and R
L
>1MΩ.Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.
Symbol Parameter Condition Min
(Note 5) Typ
(Note 4) Max
(Note 5) Units
V
OS
Input Offset Voltage V
CM
= 0.4V, V
+
= 1.3V, = V
−
= −0.5V 0.9 8
9mV
I
B
Input Bias Current 0.182 35
50 pA
I
S
Supply Current V
CM
= 0.4V, V
+
= 1.3V, = V
−
= −0.5V 150 250
275 µA
CMRR Common Mode Rejection
Ratio 0.3V ≤V
CM
≤0.9V 62
60 108 dB
PSRR Power Supply Rejection
Ratio 1.8V ≤V
+
≤5V,
0.9 ≤V
CM
≤2.5V 67
62 110 dB
V
CM
Input Common-Mode Voltage
Range For CMRR ≥50dB −0.3
00.6 V
A
V
Large Signal Voltage Gain
Sourcing R
L
= 600Ωto 0V, V
+
= 1.2V, V
−
=
−0.6V, V
O
= −0.2V to 0.8V, V
CM
=0V 80
75 119
dB
R
L
=2kΩto 0V, V
+
= 1.2V, V
−
=
−0.6V, V
O
= −0.2V to 0.8V, V
CM
=0V 80
75 111
Sinking R
L
= 600Ωto 0V, V
+
= 1.2V, V
−
=
−0.6V, V
O
= −0.2V to 0.8V, V
CM
=0V 80
75 94
dB
R
L
=2kΩto 0V, V
+
= 1.2V, V
−
=
−0.6V, V
O
= −0.2V to 0.8V, V
CM
=0V 80
75 96
V
O
Output Swing R
L
= 600Ωto 0.9V
V
IN
=±100mV V
OH
1.65
1.63 1.72 V
V
OL
0.074 0.100 V
R
L
=2kΩto 0.9V
V
IN
=±100mV V
OH
1.75
1.74 1.77 V
V
OL
0.024 0.035
0.040 V
I
O
Output Short Circuit Current Sourcing,
V
O
= 0V, V
IN
= 100mV 4
3.3 8.4 mA
Sinking,
V
O
= 1.8V, V
IN
= −100mV 7 9.8 mA
LMV301
www.national.com 2
1.8V AC Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T
J
= 25˚C. V
+
= 1.8V, V
−
= 0V, V
CM
=V
+
/2, V
O
=V
+
/2, and R
L
>1MΩ.Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.
Symbol Parameter Condition Typ
(Note 4) Units
SR Slew Rate (Note 6) 0.57 V/µs
GBW Gain Bandwidth Product 1 MHz
φm Phase Margin 60 Deg
G
m
Gain Margin 10 dB
e
n
Input-Referred Voltage
Noise f = 1kHz, V
CM
= 0.5V
f = 100kHz 40
30 nV/
THD Total Harmonic Distortion f = 1kHz, A
V
=+1
RL = 600kΩ,V
IN
=1V
PP
0.089 %
2.7V DC Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T
J
= 25˚C. V
+
= 2.7V, V
−
= 0V, V
CM
=V
+
/2, V
O
=V
+
/2, and R
L
>1MΩ.Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.
Symbol Parameter Condition Min
(Note 5) Typ
(Note 4) Max
(Note 5) Units
V
OS
Input Offset Voltage V
CM
= 0.35V, V
+
= 1.7V, V
−
= −1V 0.9 8
9mV
I
B
Input Bias Current 0.182 35
50 pA
I
S
Supply Current V
CM
= 0.35V, V
+
= 1.7V, V
−
= −1V 153 250
275 µA
CMRR Common Mode Rejection
Ratio −0.15V ≤V
CM
≤1.35V 62
60 115 dB
PSRR Power Supply Rejection
Ratio 1.8V ≤V+ ≤5V 67
62 110 dB
V
CM
Input Common-Mode Voltage
Range For CMRR ≥50dB −0.3
01.5 V
A
V
Large Signal Voltage Gain
Sourcing R
L
= 600Ωto 0V, V
+
= 1.35V, V
−
=
−1.35V, V
O
= −1V to 1V, V
CM
=0V 80
75 100
dB
R
L
=2kΩto 0V, V
+
= 1.35V, V
−
=
−1.35V, V
O
= −1V to 1V, V
CM
=0V 83
77 114
Sinking R
L
= 600Ωto 0V, V
+
= 1.35V, V
−
=
−1.35V, V
O
= −1V to 1V, V
CM
=0V 80
75 98
dB
R
L
=2kΩto 0V, V
+
= 1.35V, V
−
=
−1.35V, V
O
= −1V to 1V, V
CM
=0V 80
75 99
V
O
Output Swing R
L
= 600Ωto 1.35V
V
IN
=±100mV V
OH
2.550
2.530 2.62 V
V
OL
0.078 0.100 V
R
L
=2kΩto 1.35V
V
IN
=±100mV V
OH
2.650
2.640 2.675 V
V
OL
0.024 0.045 V
I
O
Output Short Circuit Current Sourcing,
V
O
= 0V, V
IN
= 100mV 20
15 32 mA
Sinking,
V
O
= 2.7V, V
IN
= −100mV 19
12 24 mA
LMV301
www.national.com3
2.7V AC Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T
J
= 25˚C. V
+
= 2.7V, V
−
= 0V, V
CM
= 1.0V, V
O
= 1.35V and R
L
>1MΩ.Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.
Symbol Parameter Condition Typ
(Note 4) Units
SR Slew Rate (Note 6) 0.60 V/µs
GBW Gain Bandwidth Product 1 MHz
φm Phase Margin 65 Deg
G
m
Gain Margin 10 dB
e
n
Input-Referred Voltage
Noise f = 1kHz, V
CM
= 0.5V
f = 100kHz 40
30 nV/
THD Total Harmonic Distortion f = 1kHz, A
V
=+1
R
L
= 600kΩ,V
IN
=1V
PP
0.077 %
5V DC Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T
J
= 25˚C. V
+
=
5V, V
−
= 0V, V
CM
=V
+
/2, V
O
=V
+
/2, and R
L
>1MΩ.Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.
Symbol Parameter Condition Min
(Note 5) Typ
(Note 4) Max
(Note 5) Units
V
OS
Input Offset Voltage V
CM
= 0.5V, V
+
= 3V, V
−
= −2V 0.9 8
9mV
I
B
Input Bias Current 0.182 35
50 pA
I
S
Supply Current V
CM
= 0.5V, V
+
= 3V, V
−
= −2V 163 260
285 µA
CMRR Common Mode Rejection
Ratio −1.3V ≤V
CM
≤2.5V 62
61 111 dB
PSRR Power Supply Rejection
Ratio 1.8V ≤V
+
≤5V 67
62 110 dB
V
CM
Input Common-Mode
Voltage Range For CMRR ≥50dB −0.3
03.8 V
A
V
Large Signal Voltage Gain
Sourcing R
L
= 600Ωto 0V, V
+
= 2.5V, V
−
=
−2.5V, V
O
= −2V to 2V, V
CM
=0V 86
82 117
dB
R
L
=2kΩto 0V, V
+
= 2.5V, V
−
=
−2.5V, V
O
= −2V to 2V, V
CM
=0V 89
85 116
Sinking R
L
= 600Ωto 0V, V
+
= 2.5V, V
−
=
−2.5V, V
O
= −2V to 2V, V
CM
=0V 80
75 105
dB
R
L
=2kΩto 0V, V
+
= 2.5V, V
−
=
−2.5V, V
O
= −2V to 2V, V
CM
=0V 80
75 107
V
O
Output Swing R
L
= 600Ωto 2.5V
V
IN
=±100mV V
OH
4.850
4.840 4.893 V
V
OL
0.1 0.150
1.160 V
R
L
=2kΩto 2.5V
V
IN
=±100mV V
OH
4.935 4.966 V
V
OL
0.034 0.065
0.075 V
I
O
Output Short Circuit
Current Sourcing,
V
O
= 0V, V
IN
= 100mV 85
68 108 mA
Sinking,
V
O
= 5V, V
IN
= −100mV 60
45 69 mA
LMV301
www.national.com 4
5V AC Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T
J
= 25˚C. V
+
=
5V, V
−
= 0V, V
CM
=V
+
/2, V
O
= 2.5V and R
L
>1MΩ.Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.
Symbol Parameter Condition Typ
(Note 4) Units
SR Slew Rate (Note 6) 0.66 V/µs
GBW Gain Bandwidth Product 1 MHz
φm Phase Margin 70 Deg
G
m
Gain Margin 15 dB
e
n
Input-Referred Voltage
Noise f = 1kHz, V
CM
=1V
f = 100kHz 40
30 nV/
THD Total Harmonic Distortion f = 1kHz, A
V
=+1
R
L
= 600Ω,V
O
=1V
PP
0.069 %
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is
intended to be functional, but specific performance is not guaranteed. For guaranteed specifications and the test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics.
Note 2: Applies to both single supply operation. Continuous short circuit operation at elevated ambient temperature can result in exceeding the maximum allowed
junction temperature of 150˚C. Output currents in excess of 45mA over long term may adversely affect reliability.
Note 3: The maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(MAX),θJA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is PD=
(TJ(MAX) –T
A
)θ
JA. All numbers apply for packages soldered directly into a PC board.
Note 4: Typical value represent the most likely parametric norm.
Note 5: All limits are guaranteed by testing or statistical analysis.
Note 6: V+= 5V. Connected as voltage follower with 5V step input. Number specified is the slower of the positive and negative slew rates.
Note 7: Human body model, 1.5kΩin series with 100pF. Machine model, 200Ωin series with 100pF.
Simplified Schematic
20019302
LMV301
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Typical Performance Characteristics
Unless otherwise specified, T
A
= 25˚C.
Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage Output Negative Swing vs. Supply Voltage
20019359 20019360
Output Negative Swing vs. Supply Voltage Output Positive Swing vs. Supply Voltage
20019361 20019362
Output Positive Swing vs. Supply Voltage V
OS
vs. V
CM
20019363 20019365
LMV301
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Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, T
A
= 25˚C. (Continued)
V
OS
vs. V
CM
V
OS
vs. V
CM
20019366 20019367
Sourcing Current vs. Output Voltage Sinking Current vs. Output Voltage
20019368 20019369
Sourcing Current vs. Output Voltage Sinking Current vs. Output Voltage
20019370 20019371
LMV301
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Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, T
A
= 25˚C. (Continued)
Sourcing Current vs. Output Voltage Sinking Current vs. Output Voltage
20019373 20019372
I
BIAS
Current vs. V
CM
Open Loop Frequency Response
20019364 20019353
Open Loop Frequency Response Open Loop Frequency Response
20019354 20019355
LMV301
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Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, T
A
= 25˚C. (Continued)
Open Loop Frequency Response Open Loop Frequency Response
20019356 20019357
Open Loop Frequency Response Noise vs. Frequency Response
20019358 20019374
Noise vs. Frequency Response Noise vs. Frequency Response
20019375 20019376
LMV301
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Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, T
A
= 25˚C. (Continued)
Small Signal Response Large Signal Response
20019345 20019346
Small Signal Response Large Signal Response
20019347 20019348
Small Signal Response Large Signal Response
20019349 20019350
LMV301
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Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, T
A
= 25˚C. (Continued)
Small Signal Response Large Signal Response
20019352 20019351
LMV301
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Application Hints
Compensating Input Capacitance
The high input resistance of the LMV301 op amp allows the
use of large feedback and source resistor values without
losing gain accuracy due to loading. However, the circuit will
be especially sensitive to its layout when these large value
resistors are used.
Every amplifier has some capacitance between each input
and AC ground, and also some differential capacitance
between the inputs. When the feedback network around an
amplifier is resistive, this input capacitance (along with any
additional capacitance due to circuit board traces, the
socket, etc.) and the feedback resistors create a pole in the
feedback path. In the following General OperationalAmplifier
circuit,
Figure 1
, the frequency of this pole is
where C
S
is the total capacitance at the inverting input,
including amplifier input capacitance and any stray
capacitance from the IC socket (if one is used), circuit board
traces, etc., and R
P
is the parallel combination of R
F
and R
IN
.
This formula, as well as all formulae derived below, apply to
inverting and non-inverting op amp configurations.
When the feedback resistors are smaller than a few kΩ, the
frequency of the feedback pole will be quite high, since C
S
is
generally less than 10pF. If the frequency of the feedback
pole is much higher than the “ideal” closed-loop bandwidth
(the nominal closed-loop bandwidth in the absence of C
S
),
the pole will have a negligible effect on stability, as it will add
only a small amount of phase shift.
However, if the feedback pole is less than approximately 6 to
10 times the “ideal” −3dB frequency, a feedback capacitor,
C
F
, should be connected between the output and the
inverting input of the op amp. This condition can also be
stated in terms of the amplifier’s low frequency noise gain. To
maintain stability a feedback capacitor will probably be
needed if
where
is the amplifier’s low frequency noise gain and GBW is the
amplifier’s gain bandwidth product. An amplifier’s low
frequency noise gain is represented by the formula
regardless of whether the amplifier is being used in inverting
or non-inverting mode. Note that a feedback capacitor is
more likely to be needed when the noise gain is low and/or
the feedback resistor is large.
If the above condition is met (indicating a feedback capacitor
will probably be needed), and the noise gain is large enough
that:
the following value of feedback capacitor is recommended:
If
the feedback capacitor should be:
Note that these capacitor values are usually significantly
smaller than those given by the older, more conservative
formula:
Using the smaller capacitor will give much higher bandwidth
with little degradation of transient response. It may be
necessary in any of the above cases to use a somewhat
larger feedback capacitor to allow for unexpected stray
capacitance, or to tolerate additional phase shifts in the loop,
or excessive capacitive load, or to decrease the noise or
bandwidth, or simply because the particular circuit
implementation needs more feedback capacitance to be
sufficiently stable. For example, a printed circuit board’s
stray capacitance may be larger or smaller than the
breadboard’s, so the actual optimum value for C
F
may be
different from the one estimated using the breadboard. In
most cases, the values of C
F
should be checked on the
actual circuit, starting with the computed value.
20019306
CSconsists of the amplifier’s input capacitance plus any stray capacitance
from the circuit board and socket. CFcompensates for the pole caused by
CSand the feedback resistors.
FIGURE 1. General Operational Amplifier Circuit
LMV301
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Application Hints (Continued)
Capacitive Load Tolerance
Like many other op amps, the LMV301 may oscillate when
its applied load appears capacitive. The threshold of
oscillation varies both with load and circuit gain. The
configuration most sensitive to oscillation is a unity gain
follower. The load capacitance interacts with the op amp’s
output resistance to create an additional pole. If this pole
frequency is sufficiently low, it will degrade the op amp’s
phase margin so that the amplifier is no longer stable. As
shown in
Figure 2
, the addition of a small resistor (50Ωto
100Ω) in series with the op amp’s output, and a capacitor
(5pF to 10pF) from inverting input to output pins, returns the
phase margin to a safe value without interfering with lower
frequency circuit operation. Thus, larger values of
capacitance can be tolerated without oscillation. Note that in
all cases, the output will ring heavily when the load
capacitance is near the threshold for oscillation.
Capacitive load driving capability is enhanced by using a pull
up resistor to V
+
(
Figure 3
). Typically a pull up resistor
conducting 500µA or more will significantly improve
capacitive load responses. The value of the pull up resistor
must be determined based on the current sinking capability
of the amplifier with respect to the desired output swing.
Open loop gain of the amplifier can also be affected by the
pull up resistor.
PRINTED-CIRCUIT-BOARD LAYOUT
FOR HIGH-IMPEDANCE WORK
It is generally recognized that any circuit which must operate
with less than 100pA of leakage current requires special
layout of the PC board. When one wishes to take advantage
of the low bias current of the LMV301, typically less than
0.182pA, it is essential to have an excellent layout.
Fortunately, the techniques for obtaining low leakages are
quite simple. First, the user must not ignore the surface
leakage of the PC board, even though it may sometimes
appear acceptable low, because under conditions of the high
humidity or dust or contamination, the surface leakage will
be appreciable. To minimized the effect of any surface
leakage, lay out a ring of foil completely surrounding the
LMV301’s inputs and the terminals of capacitors, diodes,
conductors, resistors, relay terminals, etc. connected to the
op amp’s inputs. See
Figure 4
. To have a significant effect,
guard rings should be placed on both the top and bottom of
the PC board. The PC foil must then be connected to a
voltage which is at the same voltage as the amplifier inputs,
since no leakage current can flow between two points at the
same potential. For example, a PC board trace-to-pad
resistance of 10
12
Ω, which is normally considered a very
large resistance, could leak 5pA if the trace were a 5V bus
adjacent to the pad of an input. This would cause a 100
times degradation from the LMV301’s actual performance.
However, if a guard ring is held within 5mV of the inputs, then
even a resistance of 10
11
Ωwould cause only 0.05pA of
leakage current, or perhaps a minor (2:1) degradation of the
amplifier performance. See Figure 5a, Figure 5b, Figure 5c
for typical connections of guard rings for standard op amp
configurations. If both inputs are active and at high
impedance, the guard can be tied to ground and still provide
some protection; see Figure 5d.
20019305
FIGURE 2. Rx, Cx Improve Capacitive Load Tolerance
20019323
FIGURE 3. Compensating for Large Capacitive Loads
with a Pull Up Resistor
20019377
FIGURE 4. Example, using the LMV301,
of Guard Ring in P.C. Board Layout
LMV301
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Application Hints (Continued)
20019317
(a) Inverting Amplifier
20019318
(b) Non-Inverting Amplifier
20019319
(c) Follower
20019320
(d) Howland Current Pump
FIGURE 5. Guard Ring Connections
LMV301
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Application Hints (Continued)
The designer should be aware that when it is inappropriate
to lay out a PC board for the sake of just a few circuits, there
is another technique which is even better than a guard ring
on a PC board: Don’t insert the amplifier’s input pin into the
board at all, but bend it up in the air and use only air as an
insulator. Air is an excellent insulator. In this case you may
have to forego some of the advantages of PC board
construction, but the advantages are sometimes well worth
the effort of using point-to-point up-in-the-air wiring. See
Figure 6
20019321
(Input pins are lifted out of PC board and soldered directly to components. All other pins connected to PC board.)
FIGURE 6. Air Wiring
LMV301
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Typical Single-Supply Applications
(V
+
= 5.0 VDC)
Low-Leakage Sample-and-Hold
20019307
Sine-Wave Oscillator
20019309
Oscillator frequency is determined by R1, R2, C1, and C2:
fosc = 1/2πRC, where R = R1 = R2 and
C=C1=C2.
This circuit, as shown, oscillates at 2.0kHz with a
peak-to-peak output swing of 4.5V.
1 Hz Square-Wave Oscillator
20019310
Power Amplifier
20019311
10Hz Bandpass Filter
20019312
fO=10Hz
Q = 2.1
Gain = −8.8
10 Hz High-Pass Filter
20019313
fc=10Hz
d = 0.895
Gain = 1
2 dB passband ripple
1 Hz Low-Pass Filter
(Maximally Flat, Dual Supply Only)
20019314
fc=1Hz
d = 1.414
Gain = 1.57
LMV301
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SC70-5 Tape Dimensions
20019396
SC70-5 Tape Format
Tape Format
Tape Section #Cavities Cavity Status Cover Tape Status
Leader
(Start End) 0 (min) Empty Sealed
75 (min) Empty Sealed
Carrier 3000 Filled Sealed
250 Filled Sealed
Trailer
(Hub End) 125 (min) Empty Sealed
0 (min) Empty Sealed
LMV301
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SC70-5 Reel Dimensions
20019397
8mm 7.00
330.00 0.059
1.50 0.512
13.00 0.795
20.20 2.165
55.00 0.331+ 0.059/−0.000
8.40 + 1.50/− 0.00 0.567
14.40 W1 + 0.078/−0.039
W1 + 2.00/−1.00
Tape Size A B C D N W1 W2 W3
LMV301
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Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters)
unless otherwise noted
SC70-5
NS Package Number MAA05A
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LMV301 Low Input Bias Current, 1.8V Op Amp w/ Rail-to-Rail Output
National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.
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