TM497MBM36A, TM497MBM36Q 4194304 BY 36-BIT TM893NBM36A, TM893NBM36Q 8388608 BY 36-BIT DYNAMIC RANDOM-ACCESS MEMORY MODULES SMMS653B - MAY 1995 - REVISED JULY 1995 D D D D D D D D D D Organization TM497MBM36A . . . 4 194 304 x 36 TM893NBM36A . . . 8 388608 x 36 Single 5-V Power Supply (10% Tolerance) 72-Pin Leadless Single In-Line Memory Module (SIMM) for Use With Sockets TM497MBM36A - Utilizes Eight 16-Megabit and Four 4-Megabit DRAMs in Plastic Small-Outline J-Lead (SOJ) Packages TM893NBM36A - Utilizes Sixteen 16-Megabit and Eight 4-Megabit DRAMs in Plastic Small-Outline J-Lead (SOJ) Packages Long Refresh Period 32 ms (2 048 Cycles) All Inputs, Outputs, Clocks Fully TTL-Compatible 3-State Output Common CAS Control for Nine Common Data-In and Data-Out Lines in Four Blocks Enhanced Page-Mode Operation With CAS-Before-RAS ( CBR), RAS-Only, and Hidden Refresh D D D D D Present Detect Operating Free-Air Temperature Range 0C to 70C Performance Ranges: ACCESS TIME tRAC '497MBM36A-60 '497MBM36A-70 '497MBM36A-80 '893NBM36A-60 '893NBM36A-70 '893NBM36A-80 (MAX) 60 ns 70 ns 80 ns 60 ns 70 ns 80 ns ACCESS ACCESS READ TIME TIME OR tAA tCAC WRITE CYCLE (MAX) (MAX) (MIN) 30 ns 15 ns 110 ns 35 ns 18 ns 130 ns 40 ns 20 ns 150 ns 30 ns 15 ns 110 ns 35 ns 18 ns 130 ns 40 ns 20 ns 150 ns Gold-Tabbed Versions Available: TM497MBM36A TM893NBM36A Tin-Lead (Solder)-Tabbed Versions Available: TM497MBM36Q TM893NBM36Q description TM497MBM36A The TM497MBM36A is a 16-megabyte dynamic random-access memory ( DRAM) organized as four times 4 194 304 x 9 (bit 9 is generally used for parity) in a 72-pin leadless single in-line memory module (SIMM). The SIMM is composed of eight TMS417400DJ 4 194 304 x 4-bit DRAMs, each in a 24 / 26-lead plastic small-outline J-lead (SOJ) package, and four TMS44100DJ 4 194 304 x 1-bit DRAMs, each in a 20 / 26-lead plastic SOJ package mounted on a substrate with decoupling capacitors. The TMS417400DJ and TMS44100DJ are described in the TMS417400 and TMS44100 data sheets, respectively. The TM497MBM36A SIMM is available in the single-sided, BM leadless module for use with sockets. TM893NBM36A The TM893NBM36A is a 32-megabyte DRAM organized as four times 8 388 608 x 9 (bit 9 is generally used for parity) in a 72-pin leadless SIMM. The SIMM is composed of sixteen TMS417400DJ 4 194 304 x 4-bit DRAMs, each in a 24 / 26-lead plastic SOJ package, and eight TMS44100DJ 4 194 304 x 1-bit DRAMs, each in a 20 / 26-lead plastic SOJ package, mounted on a substrate with decoupling capacitors. The TMS417400DJ and TMS44100DJ are described in the TMS417400 and TMS44100 data sheets, respectively. The TM893NBM36A SIMM is available in the double-sided, BM leadless module for use with sockets. Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. Part numbers in this data sheet refer only to the gold-tabbed version; the information applies to both gold-tabbed and solder-tabbed versions. Copyright 1995, Texas Instruments Incorporated PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. POST OFFICE BOX 1443 * HOUSTON, TEXAS 77251-1443 1 TM497MBM36A, TM497MBM36Q 4194304 BY 36-BIT TM893NBM36A, TM893NBM36Q 8388608 BY 36-BIT DYNAMIC RANDOM-ACCESS MEMORY MODULES SMMS653B - MAY 1995 - REVISED JULY 1995 operation TM497MBM36A The TM497MBM36A operates as eight TMS417400DJs and four TMS44100DJs connected as shown in the functional block diagram and in Table 1. The common I / O feature dictates the use of early-write cycles to prevent contention on D and Q. TM893NBM36A The TM893NBM36A operates as sixteen TMS417400DJs and eight TMS44100DJs connected as shown in the functional block diagram and in Table 1. The common I / O feature dictates the use of early-write cycles to prevent contention on D and Q. refresh The refresh period is extended to 32 ms, and, during this period, each of the 2 048 rows must be strobed with RAS in order to retain data. Address line A10 must be used as the most significant refresh address line (lowest frequency) to ensure correct refresh for both TMS417400 and TMS44100. Address lines A0 - A9 must be refreshed every 16 ms as required by the TMS44100 DRAM. To conserve power, CAS can remain high during the refresh sequence. power up To achieve proper operation, an initial pause of 200 s followed by a minimum of eight initialization cycles is required after full VCC level is achieved. These eight initialization cycles must include at least one refresh (RAS-only or CBR-refresh) cycle. Table 1. Connection Table DATA BLOCK RASx SIDE 1 SIDE 2 CASx DQ0 - DQ7 DQ8 RAS0 RAS1 CAS0 DQ9 - DQ16 DQ17 RAS0 RAS1 CAS1 DQ18 - DQ25 DQ26 RAS2 RAS3 CAS2 DQ27 - DQ34 DQ35 RAS2 RAS3 CAS3 Side 2 applies to the TM893NBM36A. single in-line memory module and components PC substrate: 1, 27 0,1 mm (0.05 inch) nominal thickness; inch / inch maximum warpage Bypass capacitors: Multilayer ceramic Contact area for TM497MBM36A and TM893NBM36A: Nickel plate and gold plate over copper Contact area for TM497MBM36Q and TM893NBM36Q: Nickel plate and tin / lead over copper 2 POST OFFICE BOX 1443 * HOUSTON, TEXAS 77251-1443 TM497MBM36A, TM497MBM36Q 4194304 BY 36-BIT TM893NBM36A, TM893NBM36Q 8388608 BY 36-BIT DYNAMIC RANDOM-ACCESS MEMORY MODULES SMMS653B - MAY 1995 - REVISED JULY 1995 VSS DQ0 DQ18 DQ1 DQ19 DQ2 DQ20 DQ3 DQ21 VCC NC A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A10 DQ4 DQ22 DQ5 DQ23 DQ6 DQ24 DQ7 DQ25 A7 NC VCC A8 A9 RAS3 RAS2 DQ26 DQ8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 DQ17 DQ35 VSS CAS0 CAS2 CAS3 CAS1 RAS0 RAS1 NC W NC DQ9 DQ27 DQ10 DQ28 DQ11 DQ29 DQ12 DQ30 DQ13 DQ31 VCC DQ32 DQ14 DQ33 DQ15 DQ34 DQ16 NC PD1 PD2 PD3 PD4 NC VSS 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 Reference BM SINGLE IN-LINE PACKAGE ( TOP VIEW ) TM497MBM36A ( SIDE VIEW ) TM893NBM36A ( SIDE VIEW ) PIN NOMENCLATURE A0 - A10 CAS0 - CAS3 DQ0 - DQ35 NC PD1 - PD4 RAS0 - RAS3 VCC VSS W Address Inputs Column-Address Strobe Data In / Data Out No Connection Presence Detects Row-Address Strobe 5-V Supply Ground Write Enable PRESENCE DETECT SIGNAL (PIN) 80 ns TM497MBM36A 70 ns 60 ns TM893NBM36A POST OFFICE BOX 1443 PD1 (67) PD2 (68) PD3 (69) PD4 (70) VSS VSS NC NC NC VSS NC VSS NC 80 ns VSS NC 70 ns NC VSS VSS 60 ns NC VSS * HOUSTON, TEXAS 77251-1443 NC NC VSS NC NC VSS NC NC 3 11 RAS0 RAS2 W CAS0 CAS1 11 POST OFFICE BOX 1443 * HOUSTON, TEXAS 77251-1443 11 11 4M x 4 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS OE DQ1 - DQ4 4M x 4 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS OE DQ1 - DQ4 4M x 1 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS D Q 11 DQ0 - DQ3 11 DQ4 - DQ7 11 DQ8 CAS3 CAS2 4M x 4 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS OE DQ1 - DQ4 4M x 4 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS OE DQ1 - DQ4 4M x 1 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS D Q 11 DQ9 - DQ12 11 DQ13 - DQ16 11 DQ17 4M x 4 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS OE DQ1 - DQ4 4M x 4 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS OE DQ1 - DQ4 4M x 1 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS D Q 11 DQ18 - DQ21 11 DQ22 - DQ25 11 DQ26 4M x 4 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS OE DQ1 - DQ4 DQ27 - DQ30 4M x 4 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS OE DQ1 - DQ4 DQ31 - DQ34 4M x 1 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS D Q DQ35 Template Release Date: 7-11-94 A0 - A10 TM497MBM36A, TM497MBM36Q 4194304 BY 36-BIT TM893NBM36A, TM893NBM36Q 8388608 BY 36-BIT DYNAMIC RANDOM-ACCESS MEMORY MODULES SMMS653 - MAY 1995 4 functional block diagram (TM497MBM36A and TM893NBM36A, side 1) functional block diagram (TM893NBM36A, side 2) A0 - A10 11 RAS1 RAS3 W CAS0 CAS1 11 11 4M x 4 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS OE DQ1 - DQ4 4M x 1 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS D Q 11 DQ0 - DQ3 11 DQ4 - DQ7 11 DQ8 4M x 4 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS OE DQ1 - DQ4 4M x 4 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS OE DQ1 - DQ4 4M x 1 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS D Q 11 DQ9 - DQ12 11 DQ13 - DQ16 11 DQ17 4M x 4 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS OE DQ1 - DQ4 4M x 4 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS OE DQ1 - DQ4 4M x 1 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS D Q 11 DQ18 - DQ21 11 DQ22 - DQ25 11 DQ26 4M x 4 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS OE DQ1 - DQ4 DQ27 - DQ30 4M x 4 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS OE DQ1 - DQ4 DQ31 - DQ34 4M x 1 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS D Q DQ35 SMMS653 - MAY 1995 5 TM497MBM36A, TM497MBM36Q 4194304 BY 36-BIT TM893NBM36A, TM893NBM36Q 8388608 BY 36-BIT DYNAMIC RANDOM-ACCESS MEMORY MODULES POST OFFICE BOX 1443 * HOUSTON, TEXAS 77251-1443 11 4M x 4 A0 - A10 RAS W CAS OE DQ1 - DQ4 CAS3 CAS2 TM497MBM36A, TM497MBM36Q 4194304 BY 36-BIT TM893NBM36A, TM893NBM36Q 8388608 BY 36-BIT DYNAMIC RANDOM-ACCESS MEMORY MODULES SMMS653B - MAY 1995 - REVISED JULY 1995 absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) Supply voltage range, VCC (see Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 1 V to 7 V Voltage range on any pin (see Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 1 V to 7 V Short-circuit output current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 mA Power dissipation: TM497MBM36A, TM497MBM36Q . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 W TM893NBM36A, TM893NBM36Q . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 W Operating free-air temperature range, TA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0C to 70C Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 55C to 125C Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating conditions" is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. NOTE 1: All voltage values are with respect to VSS. recommended operating conditions MIN NOM MAX VCC VIH Supply voltage 4.5 5 5.5 V High-level input voltage 2.4 6.5 V VIL TA Low-level input voltage (see Note 2) -1 0.8 V 0 70 C Operating free-air temperature UNIT NOTE 2: The algebraic convention, where the more negative (less positive) limit is designated as minimum, is used for logic-voltage levels only. electrical characteristics over recommended ranges of supply voltage and operating free-air temperature (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER VOH High-level output voltage IOH = - 5 mA VOL Low-level output voltage IOL = 4.2 mA II Input current (leakage) IO ICC1 ICC2 '497MBM36A - 60 TEST CONDITIONS MIN '497MBM36A - 70 MAX 2.4 MIN 2.4 '497MBM36A - 80 MIN MAX 2.4 UNIT V 0.4 0.4 0.4 V VCC = 5.5 V, VI = 0 V to 6.5 V, All other pins = 0 V to VCC 10 10 10 A Output current (leakage) VCC = 5.5 V, CAS high VO = 0 V to VCC, 10 10 10 A Read- or write-cycle current VCC = 5.5 V, Minimum cycle 1300 1160 1040 mA VIH = 2.4 V (TTL), After 1 memory cycle, RAS and CAS high 24 24 24 mA VIH = VCC - 0.2 V (CMOS), After 1 memory cycle, RAS and CAS high 12 12 12 mA 1300 1160 1040 mA 920 800 680 mA Standby current ICC3 Average refresh current (RAS-only refresh or CBR) VCC = 5.5 V, Minimum cycle, RAS cycling, CAS high (RAS-only refresh); RAS low after CAS low (CBR) ICC4 Average page current VCC = 5.5 V, RAS low, tPC = MIN, CAS cycling For test conditions shown as MIN / MAX, use the appropriate value specified in the timing requirements. 6 MAX POST OFFICE BOX 1443 * HOUSTON, TEXAS 77251-1443 TM497MBM36A, TM497MBM36Q 4194304 BY 36-BIT TM893NBM36A, TM893NBM36Q 8388608 BY 36-BIT DYNAMIC RANDOM-ACCESS MEMORY MODULES SMMS653B - MAY 1995 - REVISED JULY 1995 electrical characteristics over recommended ranges of supply voltage and operating free-air temperature (unless otherwise noted) (continued) VOH High-level output voltage IOH = - 5 mA VOL Low-level output voltage IOL = 4.2 mA II Input current (leakage) IO ICC1 ICC2 '893NBM36A - 60 TEST CONDITIONS PARAMETER MIN '893NBM36A - 70 MAX 2.4 MIN '893NBM36A - 80 MAX MIN 2.4 MAX 2.4 UNIT V 0.4 0.4 0.4 V VCC = 5.5 V, VI = 0 V to 6.5 V, All other pins = 0 V to VCC 20 20 20 A Output current (leakage) VCC = 5.5 V, CAS high VO = 0 V to VCC, 20 20 20 A Read- or write-cycle current (one RAS active, see Note 3) VCC = 5.5 V, Minimum cycle 1324 1184 1064 mA VIH = 2.4 V (TTL), After 1 memory cycle, RAS and CAS high 48 48 48 mA VIH = VCC - 0.2 V (CMOS), After 1 memory cycle, RAS and CAS high 24 24 24 mA 1324 1184 1064 mA 944 824 704 mA Standby current ICC3 Average refresh current (RAS only or CBR, see Note 3) VCC = 5.5 V, Minimum cycle, RAS cycling, CAS high (RAS-only refresh); RAS low after CAS low (CBR) ICC4 Average page current (one RAS active, see Note 4) VCC = 5.5 V, RAS low, tPC = MIN, CAS cycling For test conditions shown as MIN / MAX, use the appropriate value specified in the timing requirements. NOTES: 3. Measured with a maximum of one address change while RAS = VIL 4. Measured with a maximum of one address change while CAS = VIH capacitance over recommended supply voltage range and operating free-air temperature range, f = 1 MHz (see Note 5) '497MBM36A PARAMETER MIN MAX '893NMB36A MIN MAX UNIT Ci(A) Input capacitance, A0 - A10 60 120 pF Ci(R) Input capacitance, RAS inputs 42 42 pF Ci(C) Input capacitance, CAS inputs 21 42 pF Ci(W) Input capacitance, write-enable input 84 168 pF Co(DQ) (DQ) Output capacitance 7 14 pF 12 24 pF DQ pins Parity pins NOTE 5: VCC = 5 V 0.5 V, and the bias on pins under test is 0 V. POST OFFICE BOX 1443 * HOUSTON, TEXAS 77251-1443 7 TM497MBM36A, TM497MBM36Q 4194304 BY 36-BIT TM893NBM36A, TM893NBM36Q 8388608 BY 36-BIT DYNAMIC RANDOM-ACCESS MEMORY MODULES SMMS653B - MAY 1995 - REVISED JULY 1995 switching characteristics over recommended ranges of supply voltage and operating free-air temperature '497MBM36A - 60 '893NBM36A - 60 PARAMETER MIN '497MBM36A - 70 '893NBM36A - 70 MAX MIN MAX '497MBM36A - 80 '893NBM36A - 80 MIN UNIT MAX tAA tCAC Access time from column address 30 35 40 ns Access time from CAS low 15 18 20 ns tRAC tCPA Access time from RAS low 60 70 80 ns Access time from column precharge 35 40 45 ns tCLZ tOFF CAS low to output in the low-impedance state 0 Output disable time after CAS high (see Note 6) 0 tOH Output disable time, start of CAS high NOTE 6: tOFF is specified when the output is no longer driven. 0 15 0 3 0 18 3 0 ns 20 3 ns ns timing requirements over recommended ranges of supply voltage and operating free-air temperature '497MBM36A - 60 '893NBM36A - 60 MIN '497MBM36A - 70 '893NBM36A - 70 MAX MIN MAX '497MBM36A - 80 '893NBM36A - 80 MIN UNIT MAX tRC tPC Cycle time, random read or write (see Note 7) 110 130 150 Cycle time, page-mode read or write (see Notes 7 and 8) 40 45 50 tRASP tRAS Pulse duration, page mode, RAS low 60 100 000 70 100 000 80 100 000 ns Pulse duration, nonpage mode, RAS low 60 10 000 70 10 000 80 10 000 ns tCAS tCP Pulse duration, CAS low 15 10 000 18 10 000 20 10 000 ns Pulse duration, CAS high 10 10 10 ns tRP tWP Pulse duration, RAS high (precharge) 40 50 60 ns Pulse duration, W low 10 10 10 ns tASC tASR Setup time, column address before CAS low 0 0 0 ns Setup time, row address before RAS low 0 0 0 ns tDS tRCS Setup time, data before CAS low 0 0 0 ns Setup time, W high before CAS low 0 0 0 ns tCWL tRWL Setup time, W low before CAS high 15 18 20 ns Setup time, W low before RAS high 15 18 20 ns tWCS tWRP Setup time, W low before CAS low 0 0 0 ns Setup time, W high before RAS low (CBR refresh only) 10 10 10 ns tCAH tRHCP Hold time, column address after CAS low 10 15 15 ns Hold time, RAS high from CAS precharge 35 40 45 ns tDH tRAH Hold time, data after CAS low 10 15 15 ns Hold time, row address after RAS low 10 10 10 ns tRCH tRRH Hold time, W high after CAS high (see Note 9) 0 0 0 ns 0 0 0 ns tWCH tWRH Hold time, W low after CAS low 10 15 15 ns Hold time, W high after RAS low (CBR refresh only) 10 10 10 ns Hold time, W high after RAS high (see Note 9) NOTES: 7. All cycle times assume tT = 5 ns. 8. To assure tPC min, tASC should be tCP . 9. Either tRRH or tRCH must be satisfied for a read cycle. 8 POST OFFICE BOX 1443 * HOUSTON, TEXAS 77251-1443 ns ns TM497MBM36A, TM497MBM36Q 4194304 BY 36-BIT TM893NBM36A, TM893NBM36Q 8388608 BY 36-BIT DYNAMIC RANDOM-ACCESS MEMORY MODULES SMMS653B - MAY 1995 - REVISED JULY 1995 timing requirements over recommended ranges of supply voltage and operating free-air temperature (continued) '497MBM36A - 60 '893NBM36A - 60 MIN '497MBM36A - 70 '893NBM36A - 70 MAX 10 MIN MAX MIN UNIT MAX tCHR tCRP Delay time, RAS low to CAS high (CBR refresh only) Delay time, CAS high to RAS low 5 tCSH tCSR Delay time, RAS low to CAS high 60 5 5 tRAD tRAL Delay time, RAS low to column address (see Note 10) 15 Delay time, column address to RAS high 30 35 40 ns tCAL tRCD Delay time, column address to CAS high 30 35 40 ns Delay time, RAS low to CAS low (see Note 10) 20 tRPC tRSH Delay time, RAS high to CAS low (CBR refresh only) tREF tT Refresh time interval Delay time, CAS low to RAS low (CBR refresh only) 10 '497MBM36A - 80 '893NBM36A - 80 30 45 0 Delay time, CAS low to RAS high 10 ns 5 5 ns 70 80 ns 5 ns 15 20 30 15 20 60 30 3 ns ns ns 20 32 3 40 0 18 32 3 52 0 15 Transition time 35 ns 32 ms 30 ns NOTE 10: The maximum value is specified only to assure access time. POST OFFICE BOX 1443 * HOUSTON, TEXAS 77251-1443 9 TM497MBM36A, TM497MBM36Q 4194304 BY 36-BIT TM893NBM36A, TM893NBM36Q 8388608 BY 36-BIT DYNAMIC RANDOM-ACCESS MEMORY MODULES SMMS653B - MAY 1995 - REVISED JULY 1995 MECHANICAL DATA BM (R-PSIM-N72) SINGLE/DOUBLE-SIDED IN-LINE MEMORY MODULE 4.255 (108,08) 0.054 (1,37) 0.047 (1,19) 4.245 (107,82) 0.125 (3,18) TYP 1.305 (33,15) 1.295 (32,89) 0.050 (1,27) 0.128 (3,25) 0.120 (3,05) 0.010 (0,25) MAX 0.400 (10,16) TYP 0.040 (1,02) TYP 0.208 (5,28) MAX 0.360 (9,14) MAX 4088175/A 4/95 NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in inches (millimeters). B. This drawing is subject to change without notice. device symbolization (TM497MBM36A illustrated) TM497MBM36A YY MM T -SS -SS = = = = YYMMT Year Code Month Code Assembly Site Code Speed Code NOTE: Location of symbolization may vary. 10 POST OFFICE BOX 1443 * HOUSTON, TEXAS 77251-1443 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make changes to their products or to discontinue any product or service without notice, and advise customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. All products are sold subject to the terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgement, including those pertaining to warranty, patent infringement, and limitation of liability. TI warrants performance of its semiconductor products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI's standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are utilized to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Specific testing of all parameters of each device is not necessarily performed, except those mandated by government requirements. CERTAIN APPLICATIONS USING SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS MAY INVOLVE POTENTIAL RISKS OF DEATH, PERSONAL INJURY, OR SEVERE PROPERTY OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE ("CRITICAL APPLICATIONS"). TI SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED, AUTHORIZED, OR WARRANTED TO BE SUITABLE FOR USE IN LIFE-SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS OR OTHER CRITICAL APPLICATIONS. INCLUSION OF TI PRODUCTS IN SUCH APPLICATIONS IS UNDERSTOOD TO BE FULLY AT THE CUSTOMER'S RISK. In order to minimize risks associated with the customer's applications, adequate design and operating safeguards must be provided by the customer to minimize inherent or procedural hazards. TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. TI does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other intellectual property right of TI covering or relating to any combination, machine, or process in which such semiconductor products or services might be or are used. TI's publication of information regarding any third party's products or services does not constitute TI's approval, warranty or endorsement thereof. Copyright 1998, Texas Instruments Incorporated