POWER INTEGRATED CIRCUIT Switching Regulator 5 Amp Positive and Negative Power Output Stages FEATURES Designed and characterized for switching regulator applications PIC600 PIC601 PIC602 PIC610 PIC611 PIC612 Cost saving design reduces size, improves efficiency, reduces noise and RFI (See note 4.) High operating frequency (to > 100kHz) results in smaller inductor-capacitor filter and improved power supply response time High operating efficiency: Typical 2A circuit performance Rise and Fall time <75ns Efficiency >85% @ No reverse recovery spike generated by commutating diode (See note 4. and Fig. 2.) e Electrically isolated, 4-Pin, TO-66 hermetic case DESCRIPTION The Unitrode ESP Switching Regulator is a unique hybrid transistor circuit, specifically designed, constructed and spe- cified for use in high current switching regulator applications. The designer is thus relieved of one of the most time con- suming, tedious and critical aspects of switching regulator design: choosing the appropriate switching transistors and commutating diode, and empirically determining the optimum drive and bias conditions. Switching regulators, when compared to conventional regula- tors, result in significant reductions in size, weight, and internal power losses and a major decrease in overall cost. Using the Unitrode P1C600 series, the designer can achieve further improvements in size, weight, efficiency, and costs. At the same time, because of the PIC600 series design and packaging, the designer is aided in overcoming two of the most significant SCHEMATIC drawbacks to switching regulators: noise generation and slow response time; there is, in fact, no diode reverse recovery spike (see note 4.). The PIC600 series switching regulators are designed and char- acterized to be driven with standard integrated circuit voltage regulators. They are completely characterized over their entire operating range of 55C to +125C. The devices are enclosed in a special 4-pin TO-66 package, hermetically sealed for high reliability. The hybrid circuit construction utilizes thick film resistors on a beryllia substrate for maximum thermal con- ductivity and resultant low thermal impedance. All of the active elements in the hybrid are fully passivated. Application Notes U-68 and U-76 provide a detailed descrip- tion of the hybrid circuit and design guidance for specific circuit applications. PIC60O PICG10 PIC601 PIC61L POS, 4 PiCeo2 1 POS. NEG. 4 PIC612 1 NEG. INPUT a) OUTPUT INPUT OUTPUT 3 2 3 2 DRIVE COMMON DRIVE COMMON MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS PIC600 PIC601 PIC602 PICG1O PIC611 PIC612 4-Pin TO-66 NOTES: 1. Case is electrically isolated. 2. Loads may be soldered to within 1/16 Of base provided temperature- mm 15.75 MAX. 127-191 0.71-0.86 | Sw 24,33-24.43 \ 483-693 4.83-5.33 8.89 MAX. RAD. 1448.14.99 3.61-3.86 DIA. 9.14 MIN 6.35-8.64 time exposure is less than 260C ins. for 10 seconds, A | 620 Max. B 050-.075 B F E_] 028-094 Ie y-r~ DRIVE(3) | 0 | 958-962 (" INPUT(4) | E | 190-210 c OK | Te E { | 4 190-210 4 G G | .350 MAX. AAD. A Cin f [| 570-590 D t H [2 142-152 DIA O. i K 360 MIN. ~ COMMON(2) J t | 250-340 L K output) 8/78 196 (Lu) ae UNITRODEPIC600 PICE601 PIC602 PIC610 PICG11 PIC612 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS PicO0 PIc6o1 Piceo2 Pice10 Pic611 Pice12 Input Voltage, V,., we GOV. . BOV.. . 60V... . = BOVL. 100V Output Voltage, V,., -...- a 60V.. . 60V... . 100V Orive-Input Reverse Voltage, V3.4 ...... BV. 5V.. . V Output Current, |, oe DAL, 5A.. 5A Drive Current, 1,0... . 0.2A. w O2A, 0.2A Thermal Resistance Junction to Case, 6,6 Power Switch 4.0C/W Commutating Diode 4.0C/W Case to Ambient, 6-_, . . 60.0C/W Operating Temperature Range, T;- 55C to +125C Maximum Junction Temperature, Ty, . + 150C Storage Temperature Range ~-65C to +150C .. ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (at 25C unless noted) PiC600, 601, 602 PIC610, 611, 612 Test Symbol Min. ] Typ.) Max. [| Min. [ Typ. | Max. | Units Conditions Current Delay Time ta; {| 20] 40; | 20 | 40 ns V,, <= 25V(25V) Current Rise Time t, | 50] 75 | |} 50 | 75 ns Vout <= SV(5V) Voltage Rise Time t.. {30 / 50 | | 30 | 50 ns Vay = 2A(2A) Voltage Storage Time t,, {700}; {| | 700 | ns 1, = 20mA(20mA) Voltage Fall Time t;, | 50 75 ~ 50 75 ns See Figure 2. Current Fail Time ti | 70] 150} | 70 | 150 ns See notes 1, 2, 4. Efficiency (Notes 2. & 4.) 2 ~ | & {| 8 | % On-State Voltage (Note 3.) Vaettony | | Of 15 | |-10/1L5 v L, = 2A(2A), 1, = .02A(.02A) On-State Voltage (Note 3.) Vaiom | - 125] 35] |-25)-35]) Vv |, = 5A(5A), |, = .02A(.02A) Diode Forward Voitage (Note 3.) | Vosioy | | 8 10) | 8}-10 Vv 1, = 2A(2A} Diode Forward Voltage (Note 3.) Ve-ito | | LO | 15} | -10) -15 v 1, = 5A(5A) Off-State Current Vo 102 10 | |0.1}10 ] 2A V, = Rated input voltage Off-State Current an | 10 | ~-{,-10; uA V, = Rated input voltage, T, = 100C Diode Reverse Current bo +10 10 |10] 10 uA V, = Rated output voltage Diode Reverse Current he {500 | {500 | uA , = Rated output voltage, T, = 100C Notes: 1. In switching an inductive load, the current will jead the voitage on turn-on and jag the voltage on turn-off (see Figure 2). Therefore, Voltage Delay Time (t,,) = ty, + t,, and Current Storage Time (t,) = t,, + t.,. 2. The efficiency is a measure of internal power losses and is equal to Output Power divided by Input Power. The switching speed circuit of Figure 1, in which the efficiency is measured, is representative of typical operating conditions for the PIC600 series switching regulators. 3. Pulse test: Ouration = 300ms, Duty Cycle <2%. 4. AS can be seen from the switching waveforms shown in Figure 2, no reverse or forward recovery spike is generated by the commutating diode during switching! This reduces self-generated noise, since no current spike is fed through the switching regulator. It also improves efficiency and reliability, since the power switch only carries current during turn-on. POWER NISSIPATION CONSIDERATIONS The total power losses in the switching regulator is the sum of the switching losses, and the power switch and diode D.C. tosses. Once total power dissipation has been determined, the Power Dissipation curve, or thermal resistance data may be used to determine the allowable case or ambient temperature for any operating condition. The switching losses curve presents data for a frequency of 20KHz. To find losses at any other frequency, multiply by f/20KHz. The D.C. losses curves present data for a duty cycle of .2. To find D.C. losses at any other duty cycle, multiply by D/.2 for the power switch and by (1-D)/.8 for the diode. At frequencies much below 10KHz the above method for determining the allowable case or ambient temperature becomes invalid and a detailed transient therma! analysis must be performed. Please request Design Note 6 (DN-6) for further information. UNITRODE CORPORATION * 5 FORBES ROAD LEXINGTON, MA 02173 TEL. (617) 861-6540 TWX (710) 326-6509 TELEX 95-1064 197 PRINTED IN U.S.APIC600 PIC601 PIC602 PIC610 PIC611 PIC612 Power Dissipation Efficiency 4 0 100 = 20kHz,V,, = 20V = 2% " 3 80 g 30 . f = 50kHz, V,, = 5V ~ = s 70 H 25 > a 2 60 oe \ z = 20 3 50 wu otf \ S40 lad T 9 Maximum altowable average N\ | gob As measured in circuit shown in = 10 | power dissipation each, for the _[\_ . Figure 1. > power switch and for the diode. 20 b Vi, = 25V | Maximum allowable case Vout = Vi, X (Duty Cycle) a 00 |: temperature = 125C io b 1, = 20mA a T= 25C 0 | { |_| p Litt L 50-25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 5 6 7 8.91 2 3 4 5 T, CASE TEMPERATURE (C) 1, OUTPUT CURRENT (A) Diode D.C. Losses Power Switch D.C. Losses 10 0 TTT T - A Duty Cycle = .2, 1, = 20mA 5 SFT = 25 1 LE To obtain the Power Switch 4 2 a" 2 | losses at any other duty cycle, Lh muitiply by 0/.2 where D = Dut 1 | MAXIMUM J : _mattely y O/.2 w uty A = | Lao CTYPICAL = ae 2 go 5 g 8 Try a a g i Power Switch Duty Cycle = 0.2 8 MAXIMUM { a 2 Diode Duty Cycle = 0.8 am a 2 + 3 T, = 25C 6 1 (TYPICAL | | oOo 1 To obtain diode losses at any 4 Qa ~ [ey other duty cycle, multiply by Le T } 05 (1-0)/.8 where D =- Power Switch 7] 05 Duty Cycle. | | 02 T 02 [ [_ 01 L 01 5 6 7 891 2 3 4 5 5 6 7 8.91 2 3 4 5 1, OUTPUT CURRENT (A) t, OUTPUT CURRENT (A) Switching Losses L TOIT [ve 25V, 1, = 20mA A OT f == 20kHZz - T, = 25C a 2 Lh TT MAXIMUM .1 } Power Switch TYPICAL - | { Power Switch O05 SWITCHING LOSSES (W) UNITRODE CORPORATION 5 FORBES ROAD LEXINGTON, MA 02173 TEL. (617) 861-6540 TWX (710) 326-6509 TELEX 95-1064 02 01 -005 To determine switching losses at A any other frequency, multiply by t/20kHz where f is the frequency at which the losses are to be determined. pt 1, ~ OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 198 Man Aa - Diode 002 Tp |. TYPICAL , ibe Diode 001 5 6 .7 8:91 2 3 4 s PRINTED IN U.S.A.PIC600 PIC601 PIC602 PIC610 PIC6i1 PIC612 Vv, = +25V : 7 Picoo 4 v , on POWER SWITCH Piceoi 50ut R= ~w . 5 lorive = 20MA 3 reste 2.50 be T= 10u8-4-___ T,,, = 404s -__| Pulse Width = l0xus , ee Note: No Diode Reverse or Forward Recovery Spike (See note 4.}! Rep. Rate = 20kHz 1K ap LT ~wl 4 i Figure 1. PIC600, 601, 602 Switching Speed Circuit Figure 2. PIC600, PIC601, PIC602 Switching Waveforms Note: PIC610, PIC611, PIC612 Test Circuit and waveforms are identical but of opposite polarity (V,, == 25V, V..,=-5V, Ippive = +20MA). On-State Characteristics Diode Forward Characteristics 5 a 7 5 S = a 4 te 4 = z kK Wl Z TYPICAL & TYPICAL MAXIMUM x MAXIMUM 5 x 3 o 3 2 a 9 a w zt < z % 2 Oo 2 5 T, = 25C w T . 25C { 1, = 20mA ; \ = { a lL | | 1 1 } y | J Ld Q 1 2 a 4 5 0 5 1 15 2 25 V,_,(on) ON-STATE VOLTAGE (V} Va-ston GIODE FORWARD VOLTAGE (V) Turn-On Time Fall Time 1000 AS measured in circuit shown in As measured in circuit shown in 500 Figure 1. Figure 1. 400 + V,, = 25V 300 200 t TIME (ns} e 2 S 50 40 30 20 10 5 6 .7 8.91 2 3 4.5 !, OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 5 6 7894 2 3 4 5 1, OUTPUT CURRENT (A) UNITRODE CORPORATION + 5 FORBES ROAD LEXINGTON, MA 02173 TEL. (617) 861-6540 TWX (710) 326-6509 TELEX 95-1064 199 PRINTED IN ULS.A.