AAT3685
DATA SHEET
Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger
1
Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • sales@skyworksinc.com • www.skyworksinc.com
201888B • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. • April 25, 2012
General Description
The AAT3685 BatteryManager™ is a highly integrated
single cell lithium-ion/polymer battery charger IC designed
to operate with USB port or line adapter inputs. It
requires the minimum number of external components.
The AAT3685 precisely regulates battery charge voltage
and current for 4.2V lithium-ion/polymer battery cells.
Regardless of the type of input power source (USB or
adapter), the AAT3685 can be programmed for two
separate constant current charge levels up to 1A. An
optional Charge Reduction Loop is built in to allow users
to charge the battery with available current from the
charge supply, while keeping the port voltage regulated.
Battery temperature and charge state are fully moni-
tored for fault conditions. In the event of an over-voltage
or over-temperature failure, the device will automati-
cally shut down, thus protecting the charging device,
control system, and the battery under charge. Status
monitor output pins are provided to indicate the battery
charge status by directly driving two external LEDs. A
serial interface output is available to report any one of
14 various status states to a microcontroller.
The AAT3685 is available in a Pb-free, thermally-enhanced,
space-saving 12-pin 3 × 3mm TDFN package and is rated
over the -40°C to +85°C temperature range.
Features
• Adapter or USB Charger
▪ Programmable up to 1A Max
• 4.0V to 5.5V Input Voltage Range
• High Level of Integration With Internal:
▪ Charging Device
▪ Reverse Blocking Diode
▪ Current Sensing
• Automatic Recharge Sequencing
• Charge Reduction Loop
• Battery Temperature Monitoring
• Full Battery Charge Auto Turn-Off
• Over-Voltage Protection
• Emergency Thermal Protection
• Power On Reset and Soft Start
• Serial Interface Status Reporting
• 12-Pin 3
×
3mm TDFN Package
Applications
• Cellular Telephones
• Digital Still Cameras
• Hand-Held PCs
• MP3 Players
• Personal Data Assistants (PDAs)
• Other Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery-Powered Devices
Typical Application
AAT3685
C2
10µF
BATT-
TEMP
A
dapter or USB Input
Battery Pack
Serial Data
ADP/USB
PWRSEL
GND
TS
BAT
BATT+
Input Hi/Lo Select
STAT1
RSETH
SETH
RSETL
SETL
CHREN
STAT2
DATA
Enable
AAT3685
DATA SHEET
Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger
2Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • sales@skyworksinc.com • www.skyworksinc.com
201888B • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. • April 25, 2012
Pin Descriptions
Pin # Name Type Function
1 ADP/USB In Line adapter or USB power supply input.
2 BAT In/Out Battery charging and sensing.
3 GND Ground Ground connection.
4 CHR In/Out Resistor divider to set USB voltage regulation for charge reduction mode. Leave this pin
open for default 4.5V USB regulation point. Tie to ADP/USB pin to disable this function.
5 EN In Enable pin. Logic high enables the IC.
6 TS In/Out Connect to 10k NTC thermistor.
7 DATA In/Out Status report to microcontroller via serial interface, open-drain.
8 STAT2 Out Battery charge status indicator pin to drive an LED: active low, open-drain.
9 STAT1 Out Battery charge status indicator pin to drive an LED: active low, open-drain.
10 PWRSEL In When ADP/USB is present, use this pin to toggle between SETH and SETL charging levels.
11 SETL In/Out Connect resistor here to set charge current for low-current port.
12 SETH In/Out Connect resistor here to set charge current for high-current port.
EP Exposed paddle (bottom); connect to GND directly beneath package.
Pin Configuration
TDFN33-12
(Top View)
A
DP/USB
BAT
GND
1
CHR
EN
TS
SETH
SETL
PWRSEL
STAT1
STAT2
DATA
2
3
4
5
6
12
11
10
9
8
7
AAT3685
DATA SHEET
Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger
3
Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • sales@skyworksinc.com • www.skyworksinc.com
201888B • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. • April 25, 2012
AAT3685 Feature Options
Product Internal Pull-Up Resistor on EN Pin Can Leave TS Pin Open
AAT3685 No No
AAT3685-1 Yes Yes
Absolute Maximum Ratings1
Symbol Description Value Units
VPADP/USB Input Voltage, <30ms, Duty Cycle <10% -0.3 to 7.0
VVPADP/USB Input Voltage, Continuous -0.3 to 6.0
VNBAT, PWRSEL, SETH, SETL, STAT1, STAT2, DATA, TS, CHR, EN -0.3 to VP + 0.3
TJOperating Junction Temperature Range -40 to 150 °C
TLEAD Maximum Soldering Temperature (at leads) 300
Thermal Information2
Symbol Description Value Units
JA Maximum Thermal Resistance (3x3mm TDFN) 50 °C/W
PDMaximum Power Dissipation 2.0 W
1. Stresses above those listed in Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Functional operation at conditions other than the operating conditions
specified is not implied. Only one Absolute Maximum Rating should be applied at any one time.
2. Mounted on an FR4 board.
AAT3685
DATA SHEET
Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger
4Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • sales@skyworksinc.com • www.skyworksinc.com
201888B • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. • April 25, 2012
Electrical Characteristics1
VADP = 5V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = 25°C.
Symbol Description Conditions Min Typ Max Units
Operation
ADP/USB Input Voltage Range 4.0 5.5 V
VUVLO
Under-Voltage Lockout Rising Edge 3.0 V
Under-Voltage Lockout Hysteresis 150 mV
IOP Operating Current CC Charge Current = 500mA 0.75 1.5 mA
ISLEEP Sleep Mode Current VBAT = 4.25V 0.3 1.0 μA
ILeakage Reverse Leakage Current from BAT Pin VBAT = 4V, ADP/USB Pin Open 1.0 μA
VBAT_EOC1End of Charge Voltage Accuracy 4.158 4.2 4.242 V
VBAT/VBAT EOC Voltage Tolerance 0.5 %
VMIN Preconditioning Voltage Threshold 2.8 3.0 3.15 V
VRCH Battery Recharge Voltage Threshold VBAT_EOC - 0.1 V
VADP/USB_CHR Charge Reduction Regulation No Connection on CHR Pin 4.3 4.5 4.64 V
VCHR CHR Pin Voltage Accuracy 1.9 2.0 2.1 V
Current Regulation
ICH Charge Current 50 1000 mA
ICH/ICH Charge Current Regulation Tolerance 10 %
VSETH SETH Pin Voltage CC Mode 2.0 V
VSETL SETL Pin Voltage CC Mode 2.0 V
KIUH Current Set Factor: ICHARGE/ISETH 2000
KIUL Current Set Factor: ICHARGE/ISETL 2000
Charging Devices
RDS(ON)U Charging MOSFET Transistor On Resistance VIN = 5.5V 0.4 0.5 0.65
1. The AAT3685 output charge voltage is specified over the 0° to 70°C ambient temperature range; operation over the -40°C to +85°C temperature range is guaranteed by design.
AAT3685
DATA SHEET
Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger
5
Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • sales@skyworksinc.com • www.skyworksinc.com
201888B • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. • April 25, 2012
Electrical Characteristics1
VADP = 5V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = 25°C.
Symbol Description Conditions Min Typ Max Units
Logic Control / Protection
VPWRSEL(H) Input High Threshold 1.6 V
VPWRSEL(L) Input Low Threshold 0.4 V
VEN(H) Input High Threshold 1.6 V
VEN(L) Input Low Threshold 0.4 V
VSTAT Output Low Voltage STAT Pin Sinks 4mA 0.4 V
ISTAT STAT Pin Current Sink Capability 8.0 mA
VOVP Over-Voltage Protection Threshold 4.4 V
ITK/ICHG Pre-Charge Current For SETH Mode 10 %
For SETL Mode 50
ITERM/ICHG Charge Termination Threshold Current For SETH Mode 7.5 %
ITERM/ICHG Charge Termination Threshold Current For SETL Mode 35 %
ITS Current Source from TS Pin 70 80 90 μA
TS1 TS Hot Temperature Fault Threshold 310 330 350 mV
Hysteresis 15
TS2 TS Cold Temperature Fault Threshold 2.2 2.3 2.4 V
Hysteresis 10 mV
I_DATA DATA Pin Sink Current DATA Pin is Active Low State 3.0 mA
VDATA(H) Input High Threshold 1.6 V
VDATA)(L) Input Low Threshold 0.4 V
SQPULSE Status Request Pulse Width Status Request 200 ns
tPERIOD System Clock Period 50 μs
fDATA Data Output Frequency 20 kHz
TOVSD Over-Temperature Shutdown Threshold 145 °C
1. The AAT3685 output charge voltage is specified over the 0° to 70°C ambient temperature range; operation over the -40°C to +85°C temperature range is guaranteed by design.
AAT3685
DATA SHEET
Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger
6Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • sales@skyworksinc.com • www.skyworksinc.com
201888B • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. • April 25, 2012
Typical Characteristics
IFASTCHARGE vs. RSET
RSET (k
Ω
)
IFASTCHARGE (mA)
10
100
1000
10000
1 10 100 1000
SETL
SETH
Battery Voltage vs. Supply Voltage
Supply Voltage (V)
VBAT (V)
4.158
4.179
4.200
4.221
4.242
4.5 4.75 5 5.25 5.
5
Recharge Voltage vs. Temperature
Temperature (°
°
C)
VRCH (V)
4.040
4.050
4.060
4.070
4.080
4.090
4.100
4.110
4.120
4.130
4.140
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100
End of Charge Voltage vs. Temperature
Temperature (°
°
C)
VBAT (V)
4.158
4.179
4.200
4.221
4.242
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100
Preconditioning Threshold
Voltage vs. Temperature
Temperature (°
°
C)
VMIN (V)
2.95
2.96
2.97
2.98
2.99
3.00
3.01
3.02
3.03
3.04
3.05
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100
Preconditioning Charge Current vs. Temperature
(SETH; SETH = 3.83kΩ
Ω
)
Temperature (
°
C)
ICH (mA)
80
90
100
110
120
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100
AAT3685
DATA SHEET
Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger
7
Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • sales@skyworksinc.com • www.skyworksinc.com
201888B • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. • April 25, 2012
Typical Characteristics
Fast Charge Current vs. Temperature
(SETH; SETH = 3.83kΩ
)
Temperature (
C)
ICH (mA)
900
920
940
960
980
1000
1020
1040
1060
1080
1100
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100
Charging Current vs. Battery Voltage
(SETH; SETH = 3.83kΩ
Ω
)
Battery Voltage (V)
ICH (mA)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
Charging Current vs. Battery Voltage
(SETL; SETL = 40.2kΩ
Ω
)
Battery Voltage (V)
ICH (mA)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
2.5 3 3.5 4 4.
5
Fast Charge Current vs. Supply Voltage
(SETH; SETH = 3.83kΩ
Ω
)
Supply Voltage (V)
ICH (mA)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
4 4.25 4.5 4.75 5 5.25 5.5 5.75 6
VBAT = 3.3V
VBAT = 3.9V
VBAT = 3.5V
Fast Charge Current vs. Supply Voltage
(SETL; SETL = 40.2kΩ
Ω
)
Supply Voltage (V)
ICH (mA)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
4 4.5 5.5 6.556
VBAT = 3.3V
VBAT = 3.5V
VBAT = 3.9V
Fast Charge Current vs. Supply Voltage
(SETH; SETH = 3.83kΩ
Ω
)
Supply Voltage (V)
ICH (mA)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
4.40 4.50 4.60 4.70 4.80 4.90 5.0
0
0°C
25°C
70°C
AAT3685
DATA SHEET
Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger
8Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • sales@skyworksinc.com • www.skyworksinc.com
201888B • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. • April 25, 2012
Typical Characteristics
VIH vs. Supply Voltage
EN Pin (Rising)
Supply Voltage (V)
VIH (V)
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 6
-40°C +25°C
+85°C
VIL vs. Supply Voltage
EN Pin (Falling)
Supply Voltage (V)
VIL (V)
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 6
-40°C +25°C
+85°C
VIH vs. Supply Voltage
PWRSEL (Rising)
Supply Voltage (V)
VIH (V)
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 6
-40°C +25°C
+85°C
VIL vs. Supply Voltage
PWRSEL (Falling)
Supply Voltage (V)
VIL (V)
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 6
-40°C +25°C
+85°C
Supply Current vs. SETH Resistor
SETH Resistor (kΩ
Ω
)
IQ (mA)
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
1 10 100 100
0
Constant Current
Pre-Conditioning
Charge Current vs. Time
(SETH; SETH = 8.06kΩ
Ω
)
Time (sec)
USB VBUS
(200mV/div)
USB Charge
Current
(200mA/div)
USB Peripheral
Current
Consumption
(200mA/div)
02 4681
0
Charge Reduction
Mode Activated
AAT3685
DATA SHEET
Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger
9
Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • sales@skyworksinc.com • www.skyworksinc.com
201888B • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. • April 25, 2012
Typical Characteristics
Temperature Sense Output
Current vs. Temperature
Temperature (°
°
C)
TS Pin CUrrent (
μ
A)
72
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100
AAT3685
DATA SHEET
Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger
10 Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • sales@skyworksinc.com • www.skyworksinc.com
201888B • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. • April 25, 2012
Functional Description
The AAT3685 is a highly integrated single cell lithium-
ion/polymer battery charger IC designed to operate from
adapter or USB port VBUS supplies, while requiring a
minimum number of external components. The device
precisely regulates battery charge voltage and current
for 4.2V lithium-ion/polymer battery cells.
The AAT3685 is specifically designed for being powered
from a USB port VBUS supply, but it can also be powered
from any input voltage source capable supplying 4.5V to
5.5V for loads up to 1A. The AAT3685 constant charge
current can be externally programmed for two levels,
SETH and SETL, for maximum constant current charge
levels up to 1A. The SETH/L mode has an automatic
Charge Reduction Loop control to allow users to charge
the battery with limited available current from a port
while maintaining the regulated port voltage. This sys-
tem assures the battery charge function will not overload
the port while charging if other system demands also
share power with the respective port supply.
Status monitor output pins are provided to indicate the
battery charge status by directly driving two external
LEDs. A serial interface output is available to report 14
various charge states to a system microcontroller.
Battery temperature and charge state are fully monitored
for fault conditions. In the event of an over-voltage or
over-temperature failure, the device will automatically
shut down, thus protecting the charging device, control
system, and the battery under charge. In addition to
internal charge controller thermal protection, the AAT3685
also provides a temperature sense feedback function (TS
pin) from the battery to shut down the device in the
event the battery exceeds its own thermal limit during
charging. All fault events are reported to the user either
by the simple status LEDs or via the DATA pin function.
Charging Operation
The AAT3685 has four basic modes for the battery
charge cycle and is powered from the input: pre-condi-
tioning/trickle charge; constant current/fast charge;
constant voltage; and end of charge. For reference,
Figure 1 shows the current versus voltage profile during
charging phases.
Functional Block Diagram
Charge
Control
Current
Compare
Reverse Blocking
CV/
Precharge
A
DP/USB
PWRSEL
Constant
Current
BA
T
UVLO
Over-
Temperature
Protect
Charge
Status
STAT2
STAT1
TS
Window
Comparator
80μA
SETH
SETL
Serial
Data
DATA
GND
Charge
Reduction
Loop
CHR
EN
IC enable
AAT3685
DATA SHEET
Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger
11
Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • sales@skyworksinc.com • www.skyworksinc.com
201888B • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. • April 25, 2012
Battery Preconditioning
Before the start of charging, the AAT3685 checks sev-
eral conditions in order to assure a safe charging envi-
ronment. The input supply must be above the minimum
operating voltage, or under-voltage lockout threshold
(VUVLO), for the charging sequence to begin. In addition,
the cell temperature, as reported by a thermistor con-
nected to the TS pin from the battery, must be within the
proper window for safe charging. When these conditions
have been met and a battery is connected to the BAT
pin, the AAT3685 checks the state of the battery. If the
cell voltage is below the Preconditioning Voltage
Threshold (VMIN), the AAT3685 begins preconditioning
the cell.
The battery preconditioning trickle charge current is equal
to the fast charge constant current divided by 10. For
example, if the programmed fast charge current is
500mA, then the preconditioning mode (trickle charge)
current will be 50mA. Cell preconditioning is a safety pre-
caution for a deeply discharged battery and also aids in
limiting power dissipation in the pass transistor when the
voltage across the device is at the greatest potential.
Fast Charge / Constant Current Charging
Battery cell preconditioning continues until the voltage
on the BAT pin exceeds the Preconditioning Voltage
Threshold (VMIN). At this point, the AAT3685 begins the
constant current fast charging phase. The fast charge
constant current (ICC) amplitude is determined by the
selected charge mode SETH or SETL and is programmed
by the user via the RSETH and RSETL resistors. The AAT3685
remains in constant current charge mode until the bat-
tery reaches the voltage regulation point, VBAT
.
Constant Voltage Charging
The system transitions to a constant voltage charging
mode when the battery voltage reaches output charge
regulation threshold (VBAT) during the constant current,
fast charge phase. The regulation voltage level is factory
programmed to 4.2V ( 1%). The charge current in the
constant voltage mode drops as the battery cell under
charge reaches its maximum capacity.
End of Charge Cycle Termination
and Recharge Sequence
When the charge current drops to 7.5% of the pro-
grammed fast charge current level in the constant volt-
age mode, the device terminates charging and goes into
a sleep state. The charger will remain in a sleep state
until the battery voltage decreases to a level below the
battery recharge voltage threshold (VRCH).
When the input supply is disconnected, the charger will
also automatically enter power-saving sleep mode. Only
consuming an ultra-low 0.3μA in sleep mode, the
AAT3685 minimizes battery drain when it is not charging.
This feature is particularly useful in applications where
the input supply level may fall below the battery charge
or under-voltage lockout level. In such cases where the
AAT3685 input voltage drops, the device will enter the
sleep mode and automatically resume charging once the
input supply has recovered from its fault condition.
System Operation Flow Chart
Constant Current
Charge Phase
Constant Voltage
Charge Phase
Preconditioning
Trickle Charge
Phase
Charge Complete Voltage
Constant Current Mode
Voltage Threshold
Regulated Current
Trickle Charge and
Termination Threshold
I = CC / 10
I = Max CC
Figure 1: Current vs. Voltage Profile During Charging Phases.
AAT3685
DATA SHEET
Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger
12 Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • sales@skyworksinc.com • www.skyworksinc.com
201888B • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. • April 25, 2012
Current Phase Test
VEOC >V
BAT
No
No
No
No
No
Yes Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
0
1
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Switch
On
UVLO
VP > VUVLO Input Power
Yes
Input Detect
PWRSEL= ?
SETL
Current Loop
SETH
Current Loop
Power On
Reset
Sleep
Mode
Fault
Conditions Monitor
OV, OT
Battery
Temperature Monitor
VTS1 < TS < VTS2
Shut Down
Mode
Battery
Temp. Fault Input Voltage
Regulation
Enable
Recharge Test
VRCH > VBAT
Preconditioning Test
VMIN > VBAT
Low Current
Conditioning
Charge
Current
Charging
Mode
Charge
Current
Reduction
Port
Voltage Test
V
ADP/USB
< V
ADP/USB_CHR
Voltage
Charging
Mode
Voltage Phase Test
IBAT > ITERM
Charge
Completed
AAT3685
DATA SHEET
Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger
13
Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • sales@skyworksinc.com • www.skyworksinc.com
201888B • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice. • April 25, 2012
Application Information
USB System Power Charging
The USB charge mode provides two programmable fast
charge levels up to 1A for each, SETH and SETL. The
SETH or SETL modes may be externally selected by the
select pin (PWRSEL). When the PWRSEL pin is connected
to a logic high level, the SETH level will be active.
Conversely, when PWRSEL is pulled to a logic low level
(ground), the SETL level will be used for fast charging.
These two charge levels may be user programmed to
any level between 50mA and 1A by selecting the appro-
priate resistor values for RSETH and RSETL. Refer to Table 1
for recommended RSETH and RSETL values for the desired
input constant current charge levels.
Charge Reduction
In many instances, product system designers do not
know the real properties of a potential port to be used
to supply power to the battery charger. Typical powered
USB ports commonly found on desktop and notebook
PCs should supply up to 500mA. In the event a port
being used to supply the charger is unable to provide the
programmed fast charge current, or if the system under
charge must also share supply current with other func-
tions, the AAT3685 will automatically reduce USB fast
charge current to maintain port integrity and protect the
host system.
The charge reduction system becomes active when the
voltage on the input falls below the charge reduction
threshold (VADP/USB_CHR), which is typically 4.5V. Regardless
of which charge function is selected (SETH or SETL), the
charge reduction system will reduce the fast charge cur-
rent level in a linear fashion until the voltage sensed on
the input recovers above the charge reduction threshold
voltage. The charge reduction threshold (VADP/USB_CHR)
may be externally set to a value lower than 4.5V by
placing a resistor divider network between VADP/USB and
ground with the center connected to the CHR pin. The
charge reduction feature may be disabled by connecting
a 10k resistor from the CHR pin directly to the ADP/
USB input pin.
The following equation may be used to approximate a
USB charge reduction threshold below 4.5V:
Eq. 1: VADP/USB_CHR = 2.0V ÷ R12
R12 + R11
where R11/R12 << 1M.
ICC
SETH SETL
RSET (k)R
SET (k)
50 86.6 86.6
75 57.6 57.6
100 42.2 42.2
200 21.0 20.5
300 13.7 13.7
400 10.2 10.2
500 8.06 8.06
600 6.65 6.65
700 5.62 5.62
800 4.87 4.87
900 4.32 4.32
1000 3.83 3.83
Table 1: Recommended RSET Values.
1.025M
825k
R11
R12
V
CHR
= 2.0
V
V
ADP/USB
ADP/USB
CHR
Figure 2: Internal Equivalent Circuit
for the CHR Pin.
Input Charge Inhibit and Resume
The AAT3685 UVLO and power on reset feature will func-
tion when the input pin voltage level drops below the
UVLO threshold. At this point, the charger will suspend
charging and shut down. When power is re-applied to the
ADP/USB pin or the UVLO condition recovers, the system
charge control will assess the state of charge on the bat-
tery cell and will automatically resume charging in the
appropriate mode for the condition of the battery.
Single Path Charging from
a Line Adapter or USB Source
Most USB charging applications limit charging current to
500mA due to the limitations of a USB port as a power
source. The AAT3685 is capable of, and may be pro-
grammed for, constant current charge levels up to 1A.
Thus, charging operation is not just restricted to use
with USB port supplies. Any power source may be used
AAT3685
DATA SHEET
Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger
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within the operating voltage limits as specified in the
Electrical Characteristics section of this datasheet. This
makes the AAT3685 perfect for applications that only
have one input path, but may access either a line adapt-
er source or a USB port supply.
In order to fully utilize the power capacity from a line
adapter or USB port supply, program the SETH charge
rate according to the highest charging current capacity of
the two possible sources, providing that neither supply
exceeds 1A. A lower charge level may be set with the
SETL charge rate and selection of the higher or lower
charge rate is controlled via the PWRSEL function. If the
programmed charge rate is greater than the current
source capacity, there is little danger of system failure
because the AAT3685 charge reduction loop will activate
to automatically reduce the charging current and maintain
a supply voltage set by the CHR threshold. If the input
supply is incapable of maintaining an input voltage great-
er than the under-voltage lockout level of the AAT3685,
the charge control will suspend charging until the source
supply is capable of supplying the minimum input current
to charge. At this point, the AAT3685 will automatically
resume charging in the appropriate mode based on the
battery cell voltage. In case of an over-temperature con-
dition with a high charge current and large input-to-bat-
tery voltage difference, the device will cycle from charging
to thermal shutdown and re-charge after temperature
drops sufficiently, until the battery is charged to 4.2V.
Enable / Disable
The AAT3685 provides an enable function to control the
charger IC on and off. The enable (EN) pin is an active
high. When pulled to a logic low level, the AAT3685 will
be shut down and forced into the sleep state. Charging
will be halted regardless of the battery voltage or charg-
ing state. When the device is re-enabled, the charge
control circuit will automatically reset and resume charg-
ing functions with the appropriate charging mode based
on the battery charge state and measured cell voltage.
Programming Charge Current
The fast charge constant current charge level for the
ADP/USB input is programmed with set resistors placed
between the SETH and SETL pins and ground. The accu-
racy of the fast charge, as well as the preconditioning
trickle charge current, is dominated by the tolerance of
the set resistors used. For this reason, 1% tolerance
metal film resistors are recommended for programming
the desired constant current level.
The fast charge constant current charge control provides
for two current set levels, SETH and SETL. The PWRSEL
pin is used to select the high or low charge current lev-
els. When the PWRSEL pin is pulled to a voltage level
above the VPWRSEL(H) threshold, the SETH current level will
be selected. Conversely, this pin should be pulled below
the VPWRSEL(L) to enable the SETL charge level. These two
charge levels may be set to any level between 50mA and
1A, depending upon the system design requirements for
a given charge application. Refer to Table 1 and Figure 3
for recommended RSETH and RSETL values.
R
SET
(
kΩ
Ω)
IFASTCHARGE (mA)
10
100
1000
10000
1 10 100 1000
USBH
USBL
Figure 3: IFASTCHARGE vs. RSET.
Protection Circuitry
Over-Voltage Protection
An over-voltage event is defined as a condition where
the voltage on the BAT pin exceeds the maximum bat-
tery charge voltage and is set by the over-voltage pro-
tection threshold (VOVP). If an over-voltage condition
occurs, the AAT3685 charge control will shut down the
device until voltage on the BAT pin drops below the over-
voltage protection threshold (VOVP). The AAT3685 will
resume normal charging operation after the over-voltage
condition is removed. During an over-voltage event, the
STAT LEDs will report a system fault; the actual fault
condition may also be read via the DATA pin signal.
Over-Temperature Shutdown
The AAT3685 has a thermal protection control circuit
which will shut down charging functions should the inter-
nal die temperature exceed the preset thermal limit
threshold.
Battery Temperature Fault Monitoring
In the event of a battery over-temperature condition, the
charge control will turn off the internal pass device and
report a battery temperature fault on the DATA pin func-
tion. The STAT LEDs will also display a system fault. After
AAT3685
DATA SHEET
Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger
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the system recovers from a temperature fault, the
device will resume charging operation.
The AAT3685 checks battery temperature before start-
ing the charge cycle, as well as during all stages of
charging. This is accomplished by monitoring the voltage
at the TS pin. This system is intended for use negative
temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistors which are
typically integrated into the battery package. Most com-
monly used NTC thermistors used in battery packs are
approximately 10k at room temperature (25°C). The
TS pin has been specifically designed to source 80μA of
current to the thermistor. The voltage on the TS pin that
results from the resistive load should stay within a win-
dow from 335mV to 2.32V. If the battery becomes too
hot during charging due to an internal fault, the thermis-
tor will heat up and reduce in value, thus pulling the TS
pin voltage lower than the TS1 threshold, and the
AAT3685 will halt charging and signal the fault condition.
If the use of the TS pin function is not required by the
system, it should be terminated to ground using a 10k
resistor. Alternatively, on the AAT3685-1, the TS pin
may be left open.
Battery Charge Status Indication
The AAT3685 indicates the status of the battery under
charge with two different systems. First, the device has
two status LED driver outputs. These two LEDs can indi-
cate simple functions such as no battery charge activity,
battery charging, charge complete, and charge fault. The
AAT3685 also provides a bi-directional data reporting
function so that a system microcontroller may interrogate
the DATA pin and read any one of 14 system states.
Status Indicator Display
Simple system charging status may be displayed using
one or two LEDs in conjunction with the STAT1 and
STAT2 pins on the AAT3685. These two pins are simple
switches to connect the display LED cathodes to ground.
It is not necessary to use both display LEDs if a user
simply wants to have a single lamp to show “charging”
or “not charging.”
This can be accomplished by just using the STAT1 pin
and a single LED. Using two LEDs and both STAT pins
simply gives the user more information for charging
states. Refer to Table 2 for LED display definitions.
Event Description STAT1 STAT2
Charge Disabled or Low Supply Off Off
Charge Enabled Without Battery Flash1 Flash1
Battery Charging On Off
Charge Completed Off On
Fault On On
Table 2: LED Display Status Conditions.
The LED anodes should be connected to VADP/USB. The
LEDs should be biased with as little current as necessary
to create reasonable illumination; therefore, a ballast
resistor should be placed between each of the LED cath-
odes and the STAT1/2 pins. LED current consumption
will add to the over-thermal power budget for the device
package, hence it is recommended to keep the LED drive
current to a minimum. 2mA should be sufficient to drive
most low-cost green, red, or multi-color LEDs. It is not
recommended to exceed 8mA for driving an individual
status LED.
The required ballast resistor value can be estimated
using the following formulas:
Eq. 2:
(V
APD/USB -
V
F(LED)
)
R
B(STAT1/2)
= I
LED(STAT1/2)
Example:
(5.0V
- 2.0
V)
R
B(STAT1)
= = 1.5kΩ
2mA
Note: Red LED forward voltage (VF) is typically 2.0V @
2mA.
Table 2 shows the four status LED display conditions.
Digital Charge Status Reporting
The AAT3685 has a comprehensive digital data reporting
system by use of the DATA pin feature. This function can
provide detailed information regarding the state of the
charging system. The DATA pin is a bi-directional port
which will read back a series of data pulses when the
system microcontroller asserts a request pulse. This
single strobe request protocol will invoke one of 14 pos-
sible return pulse counts in which the microcontroller can
look up based on the serial report shown in Table 3.
AAT3685
DATA SHEET
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N DATA Report Status
1 Chip Over-Temperature Shutdown
2 Battery Temperature Fault
3 Over-Voltage Turn Off
4 Not Used
5 Not Used
6 Not Used
7 Not Used
8 Not Used
9 Not Used
10 Not Used
11 Not Used
12 Not Used
13 SETH Battery Condition Mode
14 SETH Charge Reduction in Constant Current Mode
15 SETH Constant Current Mode
16 SETH Constant Voltage Mode
17 SETH End of Charging
18 SETL Battery Condition Mode
19 SETL Charge End of Charging Reduction in Constant
Current Mode
20 SETL Constant Current Mode
21 SETL Constant Voltage Mode
22 SETL End of Charging
23 Data Report Error
Table 3: Serial Data Report Table.
The DATA pin function is active low and should normally
be pulled high to VADP/USB. This data line may also be
pulled high to the same level as the high state for the
logic I/O port on the system microcontroller. In order for
the DATA pin control circuit to generate clean sharp
edges for the data output and to maintain the integrity
of the data timing for the system, the pull-up resistor on
the data line should be low enough in value so that the
DATA signal returns to the high state without delay. If
the value of the pull-up resistor used is too high, the
strobe pulse from the system microcontroller may
exceed the maximum pulse time and the DATA output
control could issue false status reports. A 1.5k resistor
is recommended when pulling the DATA pin high to 5.0V
at the VUSB input. If the data line is pulled high to a volt-
age level less than 5.0V, the pull-up resistor may be
calculated based on a recommended minimum pull-up
current of 3mA. Use the following formula:
Eq. 3:
V
PULL-UP
R
PULL-UP
≤3mA
Data Timing
The system microcontroller should assert an active low
data request pulse for minimum duration of 200ns; this is
specified by TLO(DATA). Upon sensing the rising edge of the
end of the data request pulse, the AAT3685 status data
control will reply the data word back to the system micro-
controller after a delay specified by the data report time
specification TDATA(RPT). The period of the following group of
data pulses will be specified by the TDATA specification.
AAT3685
Status
Control
1.8V to 5.0V
DATA Pin
R
PULL_UP
μP GPIO
Port
GPIO
IN
IN
OUT
OUT
Figure 4: Data Pin Application Circuit.
AAT3685
DATA SHEET
Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger
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Thermal Considerations
The AAT3685 is packaged in a Pb-free, 3x3mm TDFN
package which can provide up to 2.0W of power dissipa-
tion when it is properly bonded to a printed circuit board
and has a maximum thermal resistance of 50°C/W.
Many considerations should be taken into account when
designing the printed circuit board layout, as well as the
placement of the charger IC package in proximity to
other heat generating devices in a given application
design. The ambient temperature around the charger IC
will also have an affect on the thermal limits of a battery
charging application. The maximum limits that can be
expected for a given ambient condition can be estimated
by the following discussion.
First, the maximum power dissipation for a given situa-
tion should be calculated:
Eq. 4: PD = [(VIN - VBAT) · ICC + (VIN · IOP)]
Where:
PD = Total Power Dissipation by the Device
VIN = Input Voltage Level, VADP/USB
VBAT = Battery Voltage as Seen at the BAT Pin
ICC = Maximum Constant Fast Charge Current
Programmed for the Application
IOP = Quiescent Current Consumed by the Charger IC
for Normal Operation
Next, the maximum operating ambient temperature for
a given application can be estimated based on the ther-
mal resistance of the 3x3mm TDFN package when suf-
ficiently mounted to a PCB layout and the internal ther-
mal loop temperature threshold.
Eq. 5: TA = TJ - (θJA · PD)
Where:
TA = Ambient Temperature in °C
TJ = Maximum Device Junction Temperature Protected
by the Thermal Limit Control
PD = Total Power Dissipation by the Device
JA = Package Thermal Resistance in °C/W
Example:
For an application where the fast charge current is set to
500mA, VUSB = 5.0V and the worst case battery voltage
at 3.0V, what is the maximum ambient temperature at
which the thermal limiting will become active?
Given:
VUSB = 5.0V
VBAT = 3.0V
ICC = 500mA
IOP = 0.75mA
TJ = 140°C
JA = 50°C/W
Using Equation 4, calculate the device power dissipation
for the stated condition:
Eq. 6: PD = (5.0V - 3.0V)(500mA) + (5.0V · 0.75mA)
= 1.00375W
Timing Diagram
SQ
SQPULSE
Data
System Reset
System Start
CK
TSYNC TLAT
N=1 N=2 N=3
TOFF
TDATA(RPT) = TSYNC + TLAT < 2.5 PDATA
TOFF > 2 PDATA
PDATA
AAT3685
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The maximum ambient temperature before the AAT3685
thermal limit protection will shut down charging can now
be calculated using Equation 5:
Eq. 7: TA = 140°C - (50°C/W · 1.00375W)
= 89.81°C
Therefore, under the stated conditions for this worst
case power dissipation example, the AAT3685 will sus-
pend charging operations when the ambient operating
temperature rises above 89.81°C.
Capacitor Selection
Input Capacitor
In general, it is good design practice to place a decou-
pling capacitor between the ADP/USB pin and ground. An
input capacitor in the range of 1μF to 22μF is recom-
mended. If the source supply is unregulated, it may be
necessary to increase the capacitance to keep the input
voltage above the under-voltage lockout threshold during
device enable and when battery charging is initiated.
If the AAT3685 input is to be used in a system with an
external power supply source rather than a USB port
VBUS, such as a typical AC-to-DC wall adapter, then a CIN
capacitor in the range of 10μF should be used. A larger
input capacitor in this application will minimize switching
or power bounce effects when the power supply is “hot
plugged” in. Likewise, a 10μF or greater input capacitor
is recommended for the USB input to help buffer the
effects of USB source power switching noise and input
cable impedance.
Output Capacitor
The AAT3685 only requires a 1μF ceramic capacitor on
the BAT pin to maintain circuit stability. This value should
be increased to 10μF or more if the battery connection is
made any distance from the charger output. If the
AAT3685 is to be used in applications where the battery
can be removed from the charger, such as in the case of
desktop charging cradles, an output capacitor greater
than 10μF may be required to prevent the device from
cycling on and off when no battery is present.
Printed Circuit Board
Layout Considerations
For the best results, it is recommended to physically
place the battery pack as close as possible to the
AAT3685 BAT pin. To minimize voltage drops on the PCB,
keep the high current carrying traces adequately wide.
For maximum power dissipation of the AAT3685 3x3mm
TDFN package, the metal substrate should be solder
bonded to the board. It is also recommended to maxi-
mize the substrate contact to the PCB ground plane layer
to further increase local heat dissipation. Refer to the
AAT3685 evaluation board for a good layout example
(see Figures 5 and 6).
AAT3685
DATA SHEET
Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger
19
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AAT3685 Evaluation Board Layout
Figure 5: AAT3685 Evaluation Board Figure 6: AAT3685 Evaluation Board
Component Side Layout. Solder Side Layout.
AAT3685 Evaluation Board Schematic Diagram
GRN
LED D2
RED
LED D1
8.06K
R8
1.5K
R5
1.5K
R6 1.5K
R9
Open
R3
10K
R4 40.2K
R7
10μF
C1
1 2 3
PWRSEL
J2
SW1
LOHI
DAT
A
1 2 3
ON/OFF
J1
ADP/USB
1
BAT
2
GND
3
CHR
4
EN
5
TS
6
DATA 7
STAT2 8
STAT1 9
PWRSEL
10
SETL 11
SETH 12
AAT3685
U1
1
2
TB1
BAT
GND
TS
A
DP/USB
A
DP/USB
GND
TDFN33-12
1
2
3
4
5
Mini-B
10μF
C2
GND
ID
D+
D-
1
2
3
TB2
Open
R2
Open
R1
AAT3685
DATA SHEET
Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger
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AAT3685 Evaluation Board Bill of Materials (BOM)
Quantity Description Desig. Footprint Manufacturer Part Number
1 Test Pin DATA PAD Mill-Max 6821-0-0001-00-00-08-0
1Connecting Terminal Block,
2.54mm, 2 Pos USB, GND TBLOK2 Phoenix Contact 277-1274-ND
1Connecting Terminal Block,
2.54mm, 3 Pos
BAT, GND,
TS TBLOK3 Phoenix Contact 277-1273-ND
1 USB 2.0 Receptacle, 5 Pos USB USB-MINI-B Hirose Electronic Co. Ltd. H2959CT-ND
2Capacitor, Ceramic, 10μF
6.3V 10% X5R 0805 C1, C2 0805 Murata 490-1717-1-ND
1 Typical Red LED, Super Bright D1 1206LED Chicago Miniature Lamp CMD15-21SRC/TR8
1 Typical Green LED D2 1206LED Chicago Miniature Lamp CMD15-21VGC/TR8
2 Header, 3-Pin J1, J2 HEADER2MM-3 Sullins 6821-0-0001-00-00-08-0
1Resistor, 10k 1/16W 5%
0603 SMD R4 0603 Panasonic/ECG P10KCFCT-ND
3Resistor, 1.5k 1/16W 1%
0603 SMD R5, R6, R9 0603 Panasonic/ECG P1.5KCGCT-ND
1 Resistor, 40.2k 1/16W R7 0603 Panasonic/ECG P40.2KHTR-ND
1% 0603 SMD
1Resistor, 8.06k 1/16W 1%
0603 SMD R8 0603 Panasonic/ECG P8.06KHCT-ND
1Switch Tact 6mm SPST
H = 5.0mm SW1 SWITCH ITT Industries/ C&K Div. CKN9012-ND
1AAT3685 Lithium-Ion/
Polymer Battery Charger U1 TDFN33-12 Skyworks AAT3685IWP
AAT3685
DATA SHEET
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Copyright © 2012 Skyworks Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Information in this document is provided in connection with Skyworks Solutions, Inc. (“Skyworks”) products or services. These materials, including the information contained herein, are provided by Skyworks as a
service to its customers and may be used for informational purposes only by the customer. Skyworks assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in these materials or the information contained herein. Sky-
works may change its documentation, products, services, specifi cations or product descriptions at any time, without notice. Skyworks makes no commitment to update the materials or information and shall have no
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Customers are responsible for their products and applications using Skyworks products, which may deviate from published specifi cations as a result of design defects, errors, or operation of products outside of pub-
lished parameters or design specifi cations. Customers should include design and operating safeguards to minimize these and other risks. Skyworks assumes no liability for applications assistance, customer product
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Ordering Information
Package Marking1Part Number (Tape and Reel)2
TDFN33-12 RNXYY AAT3685IWP-4.2-T1
Skyworks Green™ products are compliant with
all applicable legislation and are halogen-free.
For additional information, refer to Skyworks
Definition of Green™, document number
SQ04-0074.
Package Information
TDFN33-12
Top View Bottom View
Detail "A"
Side View
3.00
±
0.05
Index Area Detail "A"
1.70
±
0.05
3.00
±
0.05
0.05
±
0.05
0.23
±
0.05
0.75
±
0.05
2.40
±
0.05
0.43
±
0.05
0.45
±
0.050.23
±
0.05
0.1 REF
Pin 1 Indicator
(optional)
C0.3
All dimensions in millimeters.
1. XYY = assembly and date code.
2. Sample stock is generally held on part numbers listed in BOLD.
3. The leadless package family, which includes QFN, TQFN, DFN, TDFN and STDFN, has exposed copper (unplated) at the end of the lead terminals due to the manufacturing
process. A solder fillet at the exposed copper edge cannot be guaranteed and is not required to ensure a proper bottom solder connection.