Technical Specification PQ24018QGx25 18 - 36V 1.8V 25A 45W 2000V dc Quarter-brick Continuous Input Outputs Current Max Power Isolation DC-DC Converter The PQ24018QGx25 PowerQor Giga quarter-brick converter is a next-generation, board-mountable, isolated, fixed switching frequency DC-DC converter that uses synchronous rectification to achieve extremely high conversion efficiency. The power dissipated by the converter is so low that a heatsink is not required, which saves cost, weight, height, and application effort. All of the power and control components are mounted to the multi-layer PCB substrate with high-yield surface mount technology. Since the PowerQor converter has no explicit thermal connections, it is extremely reliable. RoHS Compliant, see last page. PQ24018QGx25 Module Operational Features * High efficiency, >84% at full rated load current * Delivers up to 25 amps of output current with minimal derating - no heatsink required * Wide input voltage range: 18V - 36V meets or exceeds all 24V bus standards * Fixed frequency switching provides predictable EMI performance * No minimum load requirement means no preload resistors required. Protection Features * Input under-voltage lockout disables converter at low input voltage conditions * Output current limit and short circuit protection protects converter from excessive load current or short circuits * Output over-voltage protection protects load from damaging voltages * Thermal shutdown protects converer from abnormal Mechanical Features * * * * * Safety Features Industry standard pin-out configuration Standard Size Open Frame:1.45" x 2.30" (36.8 x 58.4mm) Open Frame height: .40" (10.2mm), Open Frame Weight: 1.2 oz. (34g) Flanged pins designed to permit surface mount soldering (avoid wave solder) using FPiP technique on Open Frame Units * UL 60950-1:R2011-12 * EN60950-1/A12:2011 * CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-1/A1:2011 Control Features Contents * On/Off control referenced to input side (positive and negative logic options are available) * Remote sense for the output voltage compensates for output distribution drops * Output voltage trim permits custom voltages and voltage margining Product # PQ24018QGx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Page No. Mechanical Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Application Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG218D Rev. B 04/09/13 Page 1 Input: Output: Current: Package: Open Frame Mechanical Diagram 18 - 36V 1.8V 25A Quarter-brick 1.45 [36.8] .40 [10.2] 0.600 [15.24] 0.450 [11.43] 0.300 [7.62] 0.150 [3.81] 0.145 [3.68] See Note 3 8 2.30 [58.4] 7 6 5 4 Top View 2.00 [50.8] Side View 0.14 [3.6] 1 2 3 Pin Farside Typical See Notes 1, 2, and 3 0.43 [10.9] 0.300 [7.62] 0.063+/- .026 [1.60+/- .66] Bottomside Clearance 0.600 [15.24] NOTES 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) PIN DESIGNATIONS Pins 1-3, 5-7 are 0.040" (1.02mm) diameter with 0.080" (2.03mm) diameter standoff shoulders Pins 4 and 8 are 0.0620" (1.57mm) diameter with 0.100" (2.54mm) diameter standoff shoulders All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy Finish: Tin-Lead over Nickel Plate Other pin extension lengths available. Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only. Open Frame Weight: 1.2 oz. (34g) All dimensions in inches (mm) Unless otherwise specified: Tolerances X.XXin. +/-0.02 (X.Xmm +/-0.5mm) X.XXin. +/-0.010 (X.XXmm +/-0.25mm) Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610 Class II Product # PQ24018QGx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Pin Name Function 1 Vin(+) Positive input voltage 2 ON/OFF 3 4 5 6 7 8 Vin(-) Vout(-) SENSE(-) TRIM SENSE(+) Vout(+) TTL input to turn converter on and off, referenced to Vin(-), with internal pull up. Negative input voltage Positive output voltage Negative remote sense (See note 1) Output voltage trim (See note 2) Positive remote sense (See note 3) Positive output voltage Notes: 1) SENSE(-) should be connected to Vout(-) either remotely or at the converter. 2) Leave TRIM pin open for nominal output voltage. 3) SENSE(+) should be connected to Vout(+) either remotely or at the converter. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG218D Rev. B 04/09/13 Page 2 Input: Output: Current: Package: Baseplated Mechanical Diagram 1.47 [37.3] 1.030 [26.16] 0.22 [5.6] 0.600 [15.24] 0.450 [11.43] 0.300 [7.62] 0.150 [3.81] 18 - 36V 1.8V 25A Quarter-brick 0.50 [12.7] M3 Threaded Insert 4 Places See Notes 1 and 2 0.23 [5.8] 8 7 6 5 4 0.145 [3.68] See Note4 Top View 2.32 [58.9] 1.86 [47.2] Side View 2.00 [50.8] 1 2 3 0.15 [3.8] 0.300 [7.62] 0.063+/- .026 [1.60+/- .66] Bottomside Clearance Pin Farside Typical See Notes 5, 6, and 7 0.44 [11.2] 0.600 [15.24] NOTES 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) PIN DESIGNATIONS M3 Screws used to bolt unit's Baseplate to other surfaces (such as heatsink) Must not exceed 0.138" (3.50mm) depth below the surface of the Baseplate Applied Torque should not exceed 6in-lb (0.7Nm) Baseplate flatness tolerance is 0.004" (.10mm) TIR for surface Other pin extension lengths available. Pins 1-3, 5-7 are 0.040" (1.02mm) Dia. with 0.080" (2.03mm) Dia. Standoff shoulders Pins 4, 8 are 0.062" (1.57mm) Dia. with 0.100" (2.54mm) Dia. Standoff shoulders All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy Finish: Tin-Lead over Nickel Plate Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only. All dimensions in inches (mm) 9) Baseplate Weight: 2.1 oz. (61g) typical 10) All dimensions in inches (mm) Unless otherwise specified: Tolerances X.XXin. +/-0.02 (X.Xmm +/-0.5mm) X.XXin. +/-0.010 (X.XXmm +/-0.25mm) 11) Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610 Class II Pin Name 1 Vin(+) 2 ON/OFF 3 4 5 6 7 8 Vin(-) Vout(-) SENSE(-) TRIM SENSE(+) Vout(+) 8) Product # PQ24018QGx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Function Positive input voltage TTL input to turn converter on and off, referenced to Vin(-), with internal pull up. Negative input voltage Positive output voltage Negative remote sense (See note 1) Output voltage trim (See note 2) Positive remote sense (See note 3) Positive output voltage Notes: 1) SENSE(-) should be connected to Vout(-) either remotely or at the converter. 2) Leave TRIM pin open for nominal output voltage. 3) SENSE(+) should be connected to Vout(+) either remotely or at the converter. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG218D Rev. B 04/09/13 Page 3 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specifications 18 - 36V 1.8V 25A Quarter-brick PQ24018QGx25 Electrical Characteristics Ta = 25 C, airflow rate = 300 LFM, Vin = 24Vdc, nominal Vout unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40 C to +115 C ambient temperature with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice. Parameter Min. INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Operating Input Voltage Range 18 Input Under-Voltage Lockout Turn-On Voltage Threshold 15.5 Turn-Off Voltage Threshold 14 Lockout Hysteresis Voltage 1.0 Maximum Input Current No-Load Input Current Off Converter Input Current Input Reflected-Ripple Current OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Set Point 1.782 Output Voltage Regulation Over Line Over Load Over Temperature Total Output Voltage Range 1.75 Output Voltage Ripple and Noise Peak-to-Peak RMS Operating Output Current Range 0 Output DC Current-Limit Inception 26 Short-Circuit Protection (redundant shutdown) 52 DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Input Voltage Ripple rejection Output Voltage Current Transient Positive Step Change in Outpu Current Negative Step Change in Output Current Settling Time to within 1% Vout nominal Turn-On Transient Turn-On Time 1 Start-Up Inhibit Period 180 Maximum Output Capacitance EFFICIENCY 100% Load 50% Load TEMPERATURE LIMITS FOR POWER DERATING CURVES Semiconductor Junction Temperature Board Temperature Transformer Temperature ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS Isolation Voltage 2000 Isolation Resistance 10 Isolation Capacitance Product # PQ24018QGx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Typ. Max. 24 36 V 16 14.5 1.5 16.5 15 2.0 3.0 100 3 V V V A mA mA mA 60 1.6 6 1.800 1.816 +0.1 (2) +0.1 (2) 9 +0.3 (5) +0.3 (5) 27 1.85 25 6 50 12 25 34 60 30 56 Units Notes & Conditions % (mV) % (mV) mV V over sample line, load and temperature 20MHz bandwidth; Figures 13 & 16 mV Full Load, 1F ceramic, 10F tantalum mV Full Load, 1F ceramic, 10F tantalum A A Output Voltage 10% Low; Fig 17 & 18 A dB 190 190 700 mV mV s 8 215 35,000 84 87 125 125 125 470 www.synqor.com P-P thru 3.3H inductor; Figures 13 & 15 V TBD 4 200 100% Load, 18Vin 120 Hz; Figure 20 470F load cap, 5A/s; Figure 12 50% lo to 75% lo 75% lo to 50% lo ms ms F Full load, Vout=90% nom.; Figs 9 & 10 -40C to +125C; Figure F Full load; 5% overshoot of Vout at startup % % Figure 1 C C C Plastic Package rated to 150C Board rated to 165C Figures 5 - 8 V M pF Doc.# 005-2QG218D Rev. B 04/09/13 Page 4 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specifications 18 - 36V 1.8V 25A Quarter-brick PQ24018QGx25 Electrical Characteristics (continued) Ta = 25 C, airflow rate = 300 LFM, Vin = 24V dc unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40 C to +115 C baseplate temperature with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice. Parameter FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS Switching Frequency ON/OFF Control (Option P) Off-Stage Voltage On-Stage Voltage ON/OFF Control (Option N) Off-Stage Voltage On-Stage Voltage ON/OFF Control (Either Option) Pull-up Voltage Pull-up Resistance Output Voltage Trim Range Output Over-Voltage Protection Over-Tempperature Shutdown Product # PQ24018QGx25 Min. Typ. Max. 220 240 260 kHz -2 2.4 0.8 18 V V 2.4 -2 18 0.8 V V 9.6 V k % % C Vin/3 33 -20 117 Phone 1-888-567-9596 122 125 +10 127 www.synqor.com Units Notes & Conditions See circuit diagram; Figure B Pull up to Vin/3 Across Pins 8 & 4; % of nominal Vout Over full temp range; % of nominal Vout Average PCB Temperature Doc.# 005-2QG218D Rev. B 04/09/13 Page 5 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Figures 95 88 90 87 86 Efficiency (%) Efficiency (%) 85 80 75 70 65 60 0 3 5 8 10 13 15 18 85 84 83 82 18Vin 24Vin 81 36Vin 80 20 23 25 C 40 C 55 C 0 25 100 Figure 1: Efficiency at nominal output voltage vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25C. 10 5.5 Power Dissipation (W) 6.0 8 6 4 18Vin 36Vin 0 3 5 8 10 13 15 18 20 23 400 500 5.0 4.5 4.0 25 C 3.5 24Vin 0 300 Figure 2: Efficiency at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs. airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25C, 40C, and 55C (nominal input voltage). 12 2 200 Air Flow (LFM) Load Current (A) Power Dissipation (W) 18 - 36V 1.8V 25A Quarter-brick 40 C 55 C 3.0 0 25 100 200 300 400 500 Air Flow (LFM) Load Current (A) Figure 3: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25C. Figure 4: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs. airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25C, 40C, and 55C (nominal input voltage). 25 Iout (A) 20 15 10 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 5 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) 0 LFM (0 m/s) 0 0 25 40 55 70 85 Ambient Air Temperature (oC) Figure 5: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature for airflow rates of 0 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing across the converter from pin 1 to pin 3 (nominal input voltage) Product # PQ24018QGx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Figure 6: Thermal plot of converter at 25 amp load current with 55C air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter sideways from pin 1 to pin 3 (nominal input voltage) www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG218D Rev. B 04/09/13 Page 6 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Figures 18 - 36V 1.8V 25A Quarter-brick 25 Iout (A) 20 15 10 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 5 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) 0 LFM (0 m/s) 0 0 25 40 55 70 85 Ambient Air Temperature (oC) Figure 7: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature for airflow rates of 0 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing lengthwise from output to input (nominal input voltage). Figure 8: Thermal plot of converter at 25 amp load current with 55C air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter from output to input (nominal input voltage). Figure 9: Turn-on transient at full load (resistive load) (2 ms/div). Ch 1: Vout (500mV/div) Ch 2: ON/OFF input (5V/div) Figure 10: Turn-on transient at zero load (2 ms/div). Ch 1: Vout (500mV/div). Ch 2: ON/OFF input (5V/div). Figure 11: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-75%50% of Iout(max); dI/dt = 0.1A/s). Load cap: 10F, 100 m ESR tantalum cap and 1F ceramic cap. Ch 1: Vout (100mV/div), Ch 2: Iout (10A/div). Figure 12: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-75%50% of Iout(max): dI/dt = 5A/s). Load cap: 470F, 30 m ESR tantalum cap and 1F ceramic cap. Ch 1: Vout (100mV/div), Ch 2: Iout (10A/div). Product # PQ24018QGx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG218D Rev. B 04/09/13 Page 7 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Figures 18 - 36V 1.8V 25A Quarter-brick Fig. 15 3.3 H source impedance Fig. 14 Fig. 16 iS iC VSOURCE 100 F, ~ = 0.33 ESR electrolytic capacitor DC-DC Converter VOUT 1 F, 10 F, ceramic 100m ESR capacitor tantalum capacitor Figure 13: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points for Input Terminal Ripple Current (Figure 14), Input Reflected Ripple Current (Figure 15) and Output Voltage Ripple (Figure 16). Figure 14: Input Terminal Ripple Current, ic, at full rated output current and nominal input voltage with 3.3H source impedance and 100F electrolytic capacitor (500 mA/div). See Figure 13 Figure 15: Input reflected ripple current, is, through a 3.3 H source inductor at nominal input voltage and rated load current (10 mA/div). See Figure 13 Figure 16: Output voltage ripple at nominal input voltage and rated load current (20 mV/div). Load capacitance: 1F ceramic capacitor and 10F tantalum capacitor. Bandwidth: 20 MHz. (See Figure 13) 2.0 1.9 Output Voltage (V) 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 18V 1.1 24 V 1.0 36 V 0.9 Series1 0.8 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Load Current (A) Figure 17: Output voltage vs. load current showing typical current limit curves. Below 0.9V (tpical), the converter will shut off, and restart after a start-up inhibit period has elapsed. (see Figure F) Product # PQ24018QGx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Figure 18: Load current (20A/div) as a function of time when the converter attempts to turn on into a 10 m short circuit. Top trace (2.5ms/div) is an expansion of the on-time portion of the bottom trace. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG218D Rev. B 04/09/13 Page 8 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Figures 1 18 - 36V 1.8V 25A Quarter-brick 0 0.1 18 Vin 24 Vin 36 Vin 0.01 Forward Transmission (dB) Output Impedance () -10 -20 -30 18 Vin 24 Vin -40 36 Vin -50 -60 0.001 -70 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 10 100 Hz 1,000 10,000 100,000 Hz Figure 19: Magnitude of incremental output impedance (Zout = vout/iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. Figure 20: Magnitude of incremental forward transmission (FT = vout/vin) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. 100 0 -20 18 Vin -30 24 Vin 36 Vin -40 Input Impedance () Reverse Transmission (dB) -10 10 18 Vin 24 Vin 36 Vin 1 -50 -60 0.1 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 10 Hz Phone 1-888-567-9596 1,000 10,000 100,000 Hz Figure 21: Magnitude of incremental reverse transmission (RT = iin/iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. Product # PQ24018QGx25 100 Figure 22: Magnitude of incremental input impedance (Zin = vin/iin) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG218D Rev. B 04/09/13 Page 9 Input: Output: Current: Package: Application Section BASIC OPERATION AND FEATURES The PowerQor series converter uses a two-stage power circuit topology. The first stage is a buck-converter that keeps the output voltage constant over variations in line, load, and temperature. The second stage uses a transformer to provide the functions of input/output isolation and voltage stepdown to achieve the low output voltage required. Both the first stage and the second stage switch at a fixed frequency for predictable EMI performance. Rectification of the transformer's output is accomplished with synchronous rectifiers. These devices, which are MOSFETs with a very low on-state resistance, dissipate far less energy than Schottky diodes used in conventional dc/dc converters. This is the primary reason that the PowerQor converter has such high efficiency--even at very low output voltages and very high output currents. Dissipation throughout the converter is so low that the PowerQor converter requires no heatsink to deliver a greater level of power than can be delivered by a conventional, Schottky-diode-based dc/dc converter with a 0.5" high heatsink. At equivalent ambient air temperature, airflow rate, and output power level, the hottest semiconductor junction temperature and the hottest PCB temperature within the PowerQor converter are cooler than those found in conventional dc/dc converters with a 0.5" high heatsink attached. Since a heatsink is not required, the PowerQor converter does not need a metal baseplate or potting material to help conduct the dissipated energy to the heatsink. The PowerQor converter can thus be built more simply using high yield surface mount techniques on a PCB substrate. Unlike conventional dc/dc converters, which have critical thermal connections between the power components and the baseplate, and between the baseplate and the heatsink, the PowerQor converter has no explicit, failure-prone thermal connections. Compared to a conventional Schottky-diode-based dc/dc converter with a 0.5" high heatsink, the PowerQor converter is more efficient and therefore it dissipates less than half the energy. Additionally, because the PowerQor converter is thinner (0.4" vs. 1.0"), the board-to-board pitch in a rack can be much smaller, and cooling airflow is less impeded by Product # PQ24018QGx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 18 - 36V 1.8V 25A Quarter-brick the converter. Because the PowerQor converter is much lighter, vibration and shock-induced problems are greatly reduced. Moreover, due to the lack of failure-prone explicit thermal connections and the lack of potting material the PowerQor converter is more reliable than conventional dc/dc converters. The PowerQor series converter uses the industry standard pin-out configuration used by other vendors of comparably sized and rated dc/dc converters. The unit is pin for pin compatible with the Lucent QW series. The PowerQor converter has many standard control and protection features. All shutdown features are non-latching, meaning that the converter shuts off for 200ms before restarting. (see Figure F) * An ON/OFF input permits the user to control when the converter is on and off in order to properly sequence different power supplies and to reduce power consumption during a standby condition. * Remote sense inputs permit the user to maintain an accurate voltage at the load despite distribution voltage drops between the converter's output and the load. * An output voltage trim input permits the user to trim the output voltage up or down to achieve a custom voltage level or to do voltage margining. * An input under-voltage lockout avoids input system instability problems while the input voltage is rising. * The output current limit protects both the converter and the board on which it is mounted against a short circuit condition. (see Figure 18) * An output over-voltage limit circuit shuts the unit down if the output voltage at the output pins gets too high. * A sensor located in a central spot of the PCB provides a PCB temperature limit. If, due to an abnormal condition, this spot gets too hot, the converter will turn off. Once the converter has cooled, it will automatically turn on again without the need to recycle the input power. CONTROL PIN DESCRIPTIONS Pin 2 (ON/OFF): The ON/OFF input, Pin 2, permits the user to control when the converter is on or off. This input is www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG218D Rev. B 04/09/13 Page 10 Input: Output: Current: Package: Application Section voltage across the output (pins 8 and 4) to determine when it should trigger, not the voltage across the converter's sense pins (pins 7 and 5). Therefore, the resistive drop on the board should be small enough so that output OVP does not referenced to the return terminal of the 24V input bus. There are two versions of the PowerQor series converter that differ by the sense of the logic used for the ON/OFF input. In the PQxxyyyQGAzzPxx version, the ON/OFF input is active high (meaning that a high turns the converter on). In the PQxxyyyQGAzzNxx version, the ON/OFF signal is active low (meaning that a low turns the converter on). Figure A details five possible circuits for driving the ON/OFF pin. Figure B shows detail of the internal ON/OFF circuitry. trigger, even during load transients. Pin 6 (TRIM): The TRIM input permits the user to adjust the output voltage across the sense leads up or down. To lower the output voltage, the user should connect a resistor between Pin 6 and Pin 5, which is the SENSE(-) input. To raise the output voltage, the user should connect a resistor between Pin 6 and Pin 7, which is the SENSE(+) input. Pins 7 and 5 (SENSE(+)): The SENSE(+) inputs correct for voltage drops along the conductors that connect the converter's output pins to the load. A resistor connected between Pin 6 and Pin 5 will decrease the output voltage. For a desired decrease of percent of the nominal output voltage, the value of this resistor should be Pin 7 should be connected to Vout(+) and Pin 5 should be connected to Vout(-) at the point on the board where regulation is desired. That is, [Vout(+) - Vout(-)] - [SENSE(+) - SENSE (-)] < 10%Vout Remote Enable Circuit and Positive Logic 5V VNOM 5V Vin(+) 100k 50k TTL ON/OFF 50k Vin(_) Direct Logic Drive Phone 1-888-567-9596 x 100% VNOM = Nominal Voltage VDES = Desired Voltage ON/OFF Vin(_) Product # PQ24018QGx25 VNOM - VDES (Permanently Enabled) TTL/ CMOS Open Collector Enable Circuit ) Vin(_) Vin(_) Negative Logic ON/OFF ( (k) ON/OFF ON/OFF (Permanently Enabled) (511 % ) - 10.22 = Note: the output over-voltage protection circuit senses the Vin(_) Rtrim-down = where Pins 7 and 5 must be connected for proper regulation of the output voltage. However, if these connections are not made, nothing catastrophic will happen to the converter under normal operating conditions--the converter will simply deliver an output voltage that is slightly higher than its specified value. ON/OFF 18 - 36V 1.8V 25A Quarter-brick www.synqor.com 100pF Vin(_) Doc.# 005-2QG218D Rev. B 04/09/13 Page 11 Input: Output: Current: Package: Application Section Figure C graphs this relationship between Rtrim-down and . The output voltage can be trimmed down as much as 20%. 18 - 36V 1.8V 25A Quarter-brick Note: The TRIM feature does not affect the voltage at which the output over-voltage protection circuit is triggered. Trimming the output voltage too high may cause the overvoltage protection circuit to trip, particularly during transients. TOTAL DC VARIATION OF Vout: For the converter to meet its full specifications, the maximum variation of the dc value of Vout, due to both trimming and remote load voltage drops, should not be greater than +10%/-20% PROTECTION FEATURES A resistor connected between Pin 6 and Pin 7 will increase the output voltage. For a desired increase of percent of the nominal output voltage, the value of this resistor should be Rtrim-up = ( 5.11VOUT(100+%) _ 511 _ 10.22 1.225% % ) (k) where VOUT = Nominal Output Voltage Figure D graphs this relationship between Rtrim-up and . The output voltage can be trimmed up as much as 10%. Output Current Limit: The current limit does not change appreciably as the output voltage drops. However, once the impedance of the short across the output is small enough to make the output voltage drop below approximately 60% of its nominal value, the converter turns off. The converter then enters a mode where it repeatedly turns on and off at a 5 Hz (nominal) frequency with a 5% duty cycle until the short circuit condition is removed. This prevents excessive heating of the converter or the load board. Output Over-Voltage Limit: If the voltage across the output pins exceeds the O.V. threshold, the converter will immediately stop switching. This prevents damage to the load circuit due to 1) a sudden unloading of the converter, 2) a release of a short-circuit condition, or 3) a release of a current limit condition. Load capacitance determines exactly how high the output voltage will rise in response to these conditions. After 200 ms the converter will automatically restart. Input Under-Voltage Lockout: The converter is designed to turn off when the input voltage is too low, helping avoid an input system instability problem, described in more detail below. The lockout circuitry is a comparator with dc hysteresis. When the input voltage is rising, it must exceed a typical value of 16V before the converter will turn on. Once the converter is on, the input voltage must fall below a typical value of 14.5V before the converter will turn off. Product # PQ24018QGx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Thermal Shutdown: The PowerQor series has a temperature sensor located such that it senses the average temperature of the converter. The thermal shutdown circuit is designed to turn the converter off when the temperature at the sensed location reaches 125C. It will allow the con- www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG218D Rev. B 04/09/13 Page 12 Input: Output: Current: Package: Application Section 18 - 36V 1.8V 25A Quarter-brick verter to turn on again when the temperature of the sensed location falls below 115C. APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS Input System Instability: This condition can occur because a dc/dc converter appears incrementally as a negative resistance load. A detailed application note titled "Input System Instability" is available on the SynQor web site (www.synqor.com) which provides an understanding of why this instability arises, and shows the preferred solution for correcting it. Application Circuits: Figure E below provides a typical circuit diagram which is useful when using input filtering and voltage trimming. Input Filtering 3.3H Electrolytic Capacitor 100F ESR 0.33 Vin(+ ) Vout(+ ) Vsense(+ ) ON/OFF 18V < Vin < 36V Vin(_) Trim Vsense(_) Vout(_) Rtrim-up or Rtrim-down Cload Iload Product # PQ24018QGx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG218D Rev. B 04/09/13 Page 13 Input: Output: Current: Package: STARTUP INHIBIT PERIOD The Startup Inhibit Period ensures that the converter will remain off for at least 200ms when it is shut down for any reason. When an output short is present, this generates a 5Hz "hiccup mode," which prevents the converter from overheating. In all, there are seven ways that the converter can be shut down, initiating a Startup Inhibit Period: * Input Under-Voltage Lockout * Input Over-Voltage Shutdown (not present in Quarterbrick) 18 - 36V 1.8V 25A Quarter-brick Figure F shows three turn-on scenarios, where a Startup Inhibit Period is initiated at t0, t1, and t2: Before time t0, when the input voltage is below 16V (typ.), the unit is disabled by the Input Under-Voltage Lockout feature. When the input voltage rises above 16V, the Input Under-Voltage Lockout is released, and a Startup Inhibit Period is initiated. At the end of this delay, the ON/OFF pin is evaluated, and since it is active, the unit turns on. At time t1, the unit is disabled by the ON/OFF pin, and it cannot be enabled again until the Startup Inhibit Period has elapsed. * Output Over-Voltage Protection * Over Temperature Shutdown When the ON/OFF pin goes high after t2, the Startup Inhibit Period has elapsed, and the output turns on within the 4ms (typ.) "Turn On Time." * Current Limit * Short Circuit Protection * Turned off by the ON/OFF input Vin Under-Voltage Lockout Turn-On Threshold ON/OFF (pos logic) ON OFF ON OFF ON Vout 4ms (typical turn on time) 200ms (typical start-up inhibit period) 200ms 200ms Product # PQ24018QGx25 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG218D Rev. B 04/09/13 Page 14 Input: Output: Current: Package: Standards and Qualifications Parameter 18 - 36V 1.8V 25A Quarter-brick Notes & Conditions STANDARDS COMPLIANCE UL 60950-1:R2011-12 Basic insulation EN60950-1/A12:2011 CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-1/A1:2011 Note: An external input fuse must always be used to meet these safety requirements. Contact SynQor for official safety certificates on new releases or download from the SynQor website. Parameter QUALIFICATION TESTING Life Test Vibration Mechanical Shock Temperature Cycling Power/Thermal Cycling Design Marginality Humidity Solderability Product # PQ24018QGx25 # Units 32 5 5 10 5 5 5 15 pins Phone 1-888-567-9596 Test Conditions 95% rated Vin and load, units at derating point, 1000 hours 10-55 Hz sweep, 0.060" total excursion, 1 min./sweep, 120 sweeps for 3 axis 100g minimum, 2 drops in x, y and z axis -40 C to 100 C, unit temp. ramp 15 C/min., 500 cycles Toperating = min to max, Vin = min to max, full load, 100 cycles Tmin-10 C to Tmax+10 C, 5 C steps, Vin = min to max, 0-105% load 85 C, 95% RH, 1000 hours, continuous Vin applied except 5 min/day MIL-STD-883, method 2003 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG218D Rev. B 04/09/13 Page 15 Input: Output: Current: Package: Ordering Information PART NUMBERING SYSTEM 18 - 36V 1.8V 25A Quarter-brick ORDERING INFORMATION The part numbering system for SynQor's dc-dc converters follows the format shown in the example below. PQ 2 4 0 1 8 Q G A 2 5 N K S Options (see Ordering Information) Output Current The tables below show the valid model numbers and ordering options for converters in this product family. When ordering SynQor converters, please ensure that you use the complete 15 character part number consisting of the 12 character base part number and the additional characters for options. Add "-G" to the model number for 6/6 RoHS compliance. The following options must be included in place of the w x y z spaces in the model numbers listed above. Thermal Design Performance Level Thermal Design Package Size Output Voltage Options Description: w x y z Enable Logic Pin Style A - Open Frame B - Baseplated Input Voltage K - 0.110" N - 0.145" R - 0.180" Y - 0.250" N - Negative P - Positive Product Family The first 12 characters comprise the base part number and the last 3 characters indicate available options. The "-G" suffix indicates 6/6 RoHS compliance. A variety of application notes and technical white papers can be downloaded in pdf format from our website. RoHS Compliance: The EU led RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) Directive bans the use of Lead, Cadmium, Hexavalent Chromium, Mercury, Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBB), and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) in Electrical and Electronic Equipment. This SynQor product is 6/6 RoHS compliant. For more information please refer to SynQor's RoHS addendum available at our RoHS Compliance / Lead Free Initiative web page or e-mail us at rohs@synqor.com. S - Standard Not all combinations make valid part numbers, please contact SynQor for availability. Model Number Application Notes Feature Set PQ24018QGw25xyz PQ24033QGw25xyz PQ24050QGw20xyz PQ24120QGw08xyz PQ24150QGw07xyz Input Voltage Range 18 18 18 18 18 - Output Voltage Max Output Current 1.8V 3.3 V 5.0 V 12 V 15 V 25A 25A 20A 8.3A 6.7A 36V 36V 36V 36V 36V PATENTS SynQor holds the following U.S. patents, one or more of which apply to each product listed in this document. Additional patent applications may be pending or filed in the future. Contact SynQor for further information and to order: Phone: Toll Free: Fax: E-mail: Web: Address: Product # PQ24018QGx25 978-849-0600 888-567-9596 978-849-0602 power@synqor.com www.synqor.com 155 Swanson Road Boxborough, MA 01719 USA Phone 1-888-567-9596 5,999,417 6,222,742 6,545,890 6,577,109 6,594,159 6,731,520 6,894,468 6,896,526 6,927,987 7,050,309 7,072,190 7,085,146 7,119,524 7,269,034 7,272,021 7,272,023 7,558,083 7,564,702 7,765,687 7,787,261 8,023,290 8,149,597 Warranty SynQor offers a three (3) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our website or is available upon request from SynQor. Information furnished by SynQor is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by SynQor for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of SynQor. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2QG218D Rev. B 04/09/13 Page 16