T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) Features * * * * * * * * * * * Safety according to IEC/EN 60950-1 and UL/CSA 60950-1 2nd Ed. 111 4.4" 3U 141 5.6" 28 TE 168 6.6" Description The T Series converters are electrically isolated AC-DC converters with an output power of up to 550 W. For higher power requirements several converters may be connected in parallel. The input is ideally adapted to the mains: Full power factor correction, no inrush current, low RFI level, and high transient and surge immunity are key design features. A T Series converter behaves similar to a resistive load. The LT models can be operated from a universal AC-input range from 85 to 255 VAC. It is the preferred type for 230 VAC mains, whereas the UT models are optimized for 110/ 120 VAC mains. The output delivers an electrically isolated Safety Extra Low Voltage (SELV) and is short-circuit and noload proof. Depending on the type, two output characteristics are available, intended either for rectifier applications or for battery charging purposes. The latter types can be integrated into systems, where the Table of Contents output voltage is backed-up by a battery. The float charge of the battery can be set by a cell-voltage selector switch according to the battery type used. These converters are equipped with a temperature sensor input, in order to improve the life expectancy of the battery. The rectifier models are suited for DC-bus applications at constant voltage. As the output voltage is SELV, even electrically non-isolated switching regulators, such as the PSx models, may be connected to the output. The LT/UT1701 models are especially optimized to build distributed power systems together with the 48Q, CQ, or CP Series DC-DC converters, as the signalling capabilities of both families are matched. Distributed power systems have as one advantage less power losses over load lines and fewer regulation problems. Power-One also offers backplanes for fast and simple set-up of 19" DIN-rack systems with T Series converters; see Accessories. Page Description ......................................................................... 1 Model Selection .................................................................. 2 Functional Description ....................................................... 3 Electrical Input Data ........................................................... 4 Electrical Output Data ......................................................... 6 Control Features of the Battery Chargers ........................ 11 Auxiliary Functions ............................................................ 13 BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Universal AC input range 70 to 255 VAC with PFC Class I equipment DC output for 24 and 48 V loads Battery charging for 24 and 48 V batteries with remote temperature control 4 kVAC I/O electric strength test voltage Telecom rectifier applications Very high efficiency, typically 93% Power factor >0.96, harmonics according to IEC/EN 61000-3-2, low RFI No inrush current, hot swap capability High power density, rugged mechanical design, all boards covered with a protective lacquer Very compact 19" cassette (28 TE, 3 U, 160 mm) Page Different Configurations and Applications ....................... 18 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) .............................. 21 Environmental Conditions ............................................... 22 Mechanical Data ............................................................... 24 Safety and Installation Instructions .................................. 25 Description of Options ..................................................... 28 Accessories ...................................................................... 29 Page 1 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) Model Selection Table 1: All models. For all models and options, contact Power-One for availibility and lead times ! Output voltage Output current Vo set at Vi nom, 0.5 Io nom [VDC] I o nom [A] Vi min - Vi max 70 - 140 VAC min 1 [%] Vi min - Vi max 85 - 255 VAC min 1 [%] 24.25 16 UT1201-7 2, 4 91 LT1201-7 2, 6 90.5 25.25 - (27.25) - 28.25 14.5 UT1240-7Z 4, 3 91 LT1240-7Z 6, 3 91 37.9 - (40.88) - 42.4 11 - - LT1840-7Z 6, 3 91 48 11 - - LT1702-7 2, 6 92.5 54.5 10 UT1701-7 5 92 LT1701-7 6 92.5 50.5 - (54.5) - 56.5 10 UT1740-7Z 5, 3 92 LT1740-7Z 6, 3 92 1 2 3 4 5 6 Operating input voltage range and efficiency Options D F B1 Min. efficiency measured at Vi nom and Io nom; typ. values are approx. 1% better. Instead of output power limitation, output current limitation. Output voltage range controlled by input Vcr , remote temperature sensor, and cell voltage selector switch. Reduced output power for Vi = 70 - 95 VAC; see Output Power Limitation. Reduced output power for Vi = 70 - 100 VAC; see Output Power Limitation. Reduced output power for Vi = 85 - 155 VAC; see Output Power Limitation. Part Number Description L T 1 7 40 -7 D F Z B1 Operating input range Vi , fi 70 - 140 VAC, 47 - 63 Hz .......................... U 85 - 255 VAC, 47 - 63 Hz ........................... L Series ............................................................................... T Number of outputs ........................................................... 1 Output setting voltage Vo set 24, 27.25 V .................................................. 2 48, 54.5 V .................................................... 7 40.9 V .......................................................... 8 Recifier version .................................... 01, 02 3 Battery charger version ............................. 40 4 Other voltages .................................. 00 to 99 Ambient temperature range TA -25 to 71 C ................................................ -7 Customer specific ............................. -0 to -6 Auxiliary functions and options 1 Undervoltage monitor (option) .................... D Input fuse externally accessible .................. F Cell voltage selector switch ......................... Z 2 Baseplate (option) ..................................... B1 1 2 3 4 See Description of Options Only for T1240/1740/1840 No input for battery temperature sensor With input for battery temperature sensor Example: LT1740-7 Z: AC-DC converter, input voltage range 85 - 255 VAC, single output 50.5 - 56.5 V, 10 A, operational ambient temperature -25 to 71 C, with cell voltage selector switch. Product Marking Basic type designation, applicable safety approval and recognition marks, CE mark, warnings, pin designation, Power-One company logo. BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Specific type designation, input voltage range, nominal output voltage and current, degree of protection, batch no., serial no., and data code including production site, version, and date of production. Page 2 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) Functional Description The T Series AC-DC converters are primary controlled with a constant switching frequency of 65.5 kHz. The power factor corrected single step conversion of the line input voltage to a low output voltage results in extremely high efficiency. The input voltage is fed via input fuse, filter, and rectifier to the main transformer. The wideband input filter with small input capacitance generates virtually no inrush current. Transient suppressors protect the converter against overvoltage and surges. An auxiliary converter generates an internal supply voltage for the primary control logic. The input voltage waveform is sensed by the primary control logic to provide active power factor correction. The main transformer is connected to a rectifier, large output capacitors, and an efficient output filter, which ensures low output ripple and spikes, and provides the necessary hold-up time. The output voltage is fed back to the primary control logic via a signal transformer. The inhibit signal and the T failure signal are transferred by a second signal transformer (no opto-couplers are used !). System Good and Output OK are each indicated by a green LED; inhibit and T System Failure by a red LED. System Good and Power Down are available as open collector signals at the connector. The threshold level of the Power Down signal can be externally adjusted at the D set input. Test sockets at the front panel allow for the measurement of the output voltage. The battery charger version provides additional features to control the output voltage. To set it to different battery floatcharge voltages, a 16-step selector switch (Z) is standard. A control input to control the output voltage by an external temperature sensor is available at a control pin. A trimpotentiometer allows fine adjustment of the output voltage. - + 03043a Cy 12 Vo+ 14 Vo+ Output filter Input filter Input filter L~ 4 Input filter Fuse 8 Cy Cy Cy Auxiliary converter 10 Isolation 4 kVAC N~ 6 16 HC+ NTC 18 HC - 20 Vo- Cy Cy 22 Vo- 24 Sys In Voltage and system monitor Control logic 26 Sys Out 28 i/Vcr 30 D 32 D set Z P Fig. 1 Block diagram BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Page 3 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) Electrical Input Data General condition: TA = 20 C Table 2a: Input data of LT models Input LT12xx Characteristic Vi Operating input voltage range with full output power Vi red Operating input voltage range with reduced output power 1 Vi (Vi nom) Rated (nominal) input voltage 155 255 155 255 130 255 85 155 155 130 Vi nom, Po nom (230) typ 85 240 100 (230) max min typ 85 240 100 (230) I i nom Nominal input current Ii L Input current limit Pi 0 No-load input power Vi min - Vi max, I o = 0 6 8 8 Pi inh Input power when inhibited Vi min - Vi max, inhibit = low 3 3 3 PF Power factor Vi nom, Io nom Ci Input capacitance ton Switch on delay Vi nom, Po nom Conducted emissions Vi nom, Vo nom, Io nom EN 55022 Vi p Input overvoltage protection Vi L Input undervoltage lockout 1.9 2.6 2.2 3 4 4 96 3 Radiated emissions Unit 47 - 63 Hz 2 100 max min LT18xx min 50 - 60 Hz 2 typ LT17xx Conditions 4 98 max VAC 240 A W 98 % 4 4 4 F 400 400 400 ms B A B B B B 264 264 264 65 65 65 VAC Table 2b: Input data of UT models Input UT12xx Characteristic Conditions min Vi Operating input voltage range with full output power 47 - 63 Hz 2 Vi red Operating input voltage range with reduced output power 1 Vi (Vi nom) Rated (nominal) input voltage 50 - 60 Hz 2 Vi nom, Po nom I i nom Nominal input current Ii L Input current limit Pi 0 No-load input power Pi inh Input power when inhibited Vi nom, Io nom 95 140 95 140 70 95 70 100 125 100 (110) typ (110) 5.2 3 4 Vi min - Vi max, I o = 0 6 8 Vi min - Vi max, inhibit = low 3 3 PF Power factor Input capacitance 3 ton Switch on delay Vi nom, Po nom Conducted emissions Vi nom, Vo nom, Io nom EN 55022 98 98 A % F 400 400 ms B B B B 165 165 Input undervoltage lockout 65 65 4 125 4 Vi L 3 VAC 4 Input overvoltage protection 4 2 max W Vi p 1 Unit min 3.8 Ci Radiated emissions UT17xx max 100 typ VAC See Output Power Limitation Contact Power-One for operation with other input frequencies or different waveforms ! Inrush current stays factor 10 below ETS 300132-1. In the case of an overvoltage, the converter switches temporarily off, resulting in reduced output power. BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Page 4 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) Input Fuse An input fuse (5 x 20 mm) in series with the input line (L) inside the converter protects against severe defects; see also Safety and Installation Instructions. For applications with accessible fuse, see Option F. mA/W 3.5 04026a 3.0 2.5 Table 3: Fuse Type Series Schurter type Part number LT SPF 6.3 A, 250 V 0001.1012 UT SPT 10 A, 250 V 0001.2514 2.0 Limit class D according to IEC/EN 61000-3-2 1.5 1.0 Inrush Current 0.5 The converters exhibit an input capacitance of only 4 F, resulting in a low and short peak current, when the converter is connected to the mains. During switch-on, the converter current can rise up to the input current limit I i L. As a direct result of the low and short inrush current and controlled charging procedure of the output capacitors, the converter can be hot swapped. The LT inrush current is a factor 10 smaller than defined in the ETS 300132-1 standard for Telecom systems. However the converter should be plugged-in smoothly, giving time to the output capacitors to be charged. 0 3 5 If the specified input voltage range Vi is exceeded, the converter stops operation temporarily resulting in reduced output power and increased RFI. The input is protected by varistors. Continuous overvoltage will destroy the converter. If the sinusoidal input voltage stays below the input undervoltage lockout threshold Vi, the converter will be inhibited. PF 1.00 11 15 17 Harm. 04025a 3.0 Limit class D according to IEC/EN 61000-3-2 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 Harm. Fig. 4 Harmonic distortion at input UT1740-7Z, Vi = Vinom, Io = Io nom 04023a 04024a 0.96 0.98 13 mA/W 3.5 Power Factor, Harmonics Power factor correction PFC is achieved by controlling the input current waveform synchronously with the input voltage. 9 Fig. 3 Harmonic distortion at input LT1740-7Z, Vi = Vinom, Io = Io nom 2.5 Input Under- /Overvoltage Lockout 7 0.94 0.96 0.94 0.92 0.92 0.90 0.90 0.88 0.88 0.86 0.86 0.84 0.84 0.82 0.82 Io [A] 0 2 4 6 8 10 UT1740-7Z at Vi = 110 VAC LT1740-7Z at Vi = 230 VAC Fig. 2 Power factor BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 12 14 16 0 2 4 6 Vi = 110 VAC 8 10 12 14 U i = 230 VAC 16 Io [A] Fig. 5 Efficiency versus load of LT1701 Page 5 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) PFC is active in all operating conditions (voltage regulation, output power limitation, current limitation). The power factor control also works with different input voltage waveforms and frequencies. For special applications with different frequencies or non-sinusoidal waveforms, please contact Power-One. Efficiency The extremely high efficiency (see fig. 5) is achieved by using a single-step power factor corrected topology together with the most advanced technology in power conversion. It allows a very compact design in a fully enclosed case without forced cooling. Electrical Output Data General conditions: * TA = 20 C, unless specified. * Vi = 230 VAC, f i = 50 Hz Table 4: Output data of rectifier versions Output LT/UT1201 Characteristic Conditions Vo set Output voltage adjustment Vi nom Io = 0.5 * Io nom Vo set tol Vo setting tolerance Vo Output voltage over input voltage and load 1 Vo L Overvoltage protection by second control loop Vo Temperature coefficient of output voltage Io nom Nominal output current Io L Current limit 2 Po L Output power limit 2 vo Output voltage noise min Switching freq. 24.0 Vi min - Vi max , 23.35 (0.01 - 1) * Io nom Static load regulation (droop) Vo V Static line regulation Vo d Dynamic load regulation 3 td Co 1 2 3 4 5 1 LT1702 Unit typ max min typ max 54.5 48.0 V 24.5 54.25 54.75 47.75 48.25 24.95 52.8 55.8 46.3 49.3 32.5 -5 59.3 59.3 -5 -5 mV/K A 16 10 11 18 4 14.5 14.5 Vi nom 400 550 550 W I o nom IEC/EN 61204 BW = 20 MHz 850 1000 1000 mVpp Total Vo I typ max min 24.25 Vo = 20 V Low frequency LT/UT1701 (0.01 - 1) * Io nom 40 40 40 900 1000 1100 - 0.6 - 1.2 - 1.2 Vi min - Vi max , Io nom Voltage deviation Vi nom 0.1* Io nom Io nom Recovery time IEC/EN 61204 5 Internal output capacitance 0.3 0.8 V 0.8 1.7 2.2 2.2 0.25 0.25 0.25 s 86 41 41 mF Output voltage decreases with rising output current due to the droop characterstic to ease current sharing; see fig. 7. Due to the large output capacitance, the maximum transient value can be much higher. Deviation limited by output overvoltage protection No power limitation, but current limitation See fig. Dynamic load regulation. BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Page 6 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) General conditions: * TA = 20 C, unless specified. * Vi = 230 VAC, f i = 50 Hz Table 5: Output data of battery charger versions Output LT/UT1240-7Z Characteristic Vo set Conditions Output voltage adjustment 6 4 Vo set tol Vo setting tolerance Vo Output voltage range 1 Vo Output voltage over input voltage and load 1 LT UT Vo L Overvoltage protection by second control loop Vo Temperature coefficient of output voltage Io nom Nominal output current Io L Current limit 2 Po L Output power limit 2 vo Output voltage noise min Vi nom Io = 0.5 * I o nom Low frequency Switching freq. 27.3 54.45 54.55 40.83 40.93 28.25 50.5 56.5 37.9 42.4 40.3 41.3 53.8 55 27.6 53.8 56.6 59.3 48.4 mV/K 14.5 10 11 A 20 14.5 16 Vi nom 400 550 450 W I o nom IEC/EN 61204 BW = 20 MHz 700 1000 850 mVpp 40 40 40 750 1000 900 - 0.4 - 0.6 - 0.6 Vo d Dynamic load regulation 3 6 27.6 -3 Vi min - Vi max , I o nom 5 V -3 Static line regulation 1 4 40.88 32.5 Vo V 3 typ max 54.5 -3 (0.01 - 1) * I o nom 2 typ max min Unit 27.2 Total 1 LT1840-7Z 25.25 Vi min - Vi max , 26.8 (0.01 - 1) * I o nom 26.9 Static load regulation (droop) 1 Co typ max min 27.25 Vo I td LT/UT1740-7Z 0.2 Voltage deviation Vi nom 0.1* Io nom Io nom Recovery time IEC/EN 61204 5 Internal output capacitance 0.35 V 0.25 1.6 2.0 2.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 s 86 41 49 mF Vo decreases with rising output current due to the droop characterstic to ease current sharing; see fig. 8. Due to the large output capacitance, the maximum transient value can be much higher. Deviation limited by output overvoltage protection Defined by temperature sensor, by remote control, and by voltage selector switch See fig. Dynamic load regulation. Output voltage adjustment with Vcr = 9.5 V (2.27 V/cell) Output Characteristic - Output voltage regulation - Output power limitation - Output current limitation. Vo [V] 60 output current limitation output power limitation Vi = 230 V 50 05045b The models T1701/1702 and the battery chargers T1240/ 1740/1840 can be operated in 3 different modes: output voltage regulation Vi = 110 V 40 Vi = 100 V Caution: In output power or current limitation mode, the max. ambient temperature TA should not exceed 65 C with free air convection cooling. The output of all models is fully protected against continuous short circuit. The maximum constant current is limited to Io L (see table Electrical output data). As the LEDs indicating the system status are driven from the output voltage, all LEDs switch off in the case of a short circuit. 30 Vi = 90 V 20 10 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Io [A] Fig. 6 Output characteristics LT1701-7 and LT1740-7Z BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Page 7 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) Output Overvoltage Protection Vo A slight output voltage overshoot may occur at turn-on, inhibit release, or during fast load changes. A second, independent control loop interrupts the operation above Vo L and indicate it by the red warning LED. The output voltage remains below 60 V (SELV) under all operating conditions. 05051a Vo I Vo 10% Vo d Vo d Note: There is no specific built-in protection against externally applied overvoltages or transients. td Output Voltage Regulation (Rectifier Version) t The output voltage is adjusted to a fixed value Vo set. It relates to the output current and the input voltage, which ensures current sharing without further precautions, when several converters are connected in parallel. Rising output current and falling input voltage lead to a decrease of the output voltage, according to the formula: Vo Vo set tol + (0.5 - Io/Io nom) * Vo l + (Vi - Vi nom)/100 V * Vo V Io /Io nom 1 0.9 0.1 t Fig. 9 Typ. dynamic characteristics (at load step) Output Power Limitation (Rectifier Version) Vo [V] Especially for power systems with an output voltage of 48 V, the rectifier models T1701/1702 exhibit an output power limitation mode. The output power is kept constant down to an output voltage of approximately 38 V. This provides improved start-up capability of power systems including switched-mode power supplies connected to the output (e.g. 48Q Series). At maximum load there is no need for a special start-up procedure. 04027a 54.4 48 38 The maximum input current is limited to I i L. At lower input voltage V i red the maximum output power is limited to: 24 Po * Vi red * I i L ( = efficiency approx. 90%) T1201 models have no output power limitation mode. Pulse Loading (Rectifier Version) 0 14.5 10 11 T1201 16 A Io T1701/1702 To prevent the output and filter capacitors from overload, the superimposed AC ripple current at the output should be limited as shown in the figure below. For high-current pulse loads, external capacitors are recommended. Fig. 7 Output characteristic of T1201 and T1701/1702 (typ.). The droop is shown in fig. 8. Sinusoidal ripple current Vo Io PL [A] 05081a 2% 1% Vo set 05050a 15 Vi = Vi nom Average output current = Io nom 10 TC = 50 C 5 TC = TC max -1% 0 -2% fPL [Hz] 50 100 1k 10 k Io /Io nom 0.01 0.5 Fig. 8 Typical output droop (LT 1701) BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 1 Fig. 10 Maximum AC ripple output current superimposed on the average output current Io nom for LT1701. Page 8 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) Vo Output Voltage Regulation (Battery Charger) In normal operating mode (neither in power limitation nor in current limitation) the output is regulated by a voltage feedback loop. It is adjusted to Vo set and can be set by the cell voltage selector switch to the appropriate float charge voltage of the battery. 1.1% 0.55% Vo set A control input (pin 28) allows for adjustment of the output voltage either by a voltage source, a temperature sensor, or an external potential divider (see External Output Voltage Control). For fine tuning, the converter is fitted with a trim potentiometer accessible from the rear side. The output voltage relates to the output current and the input Vo 06065a 28.25 V 26.7 V 25.25 V 19 V 05046a - 0.9% Io /Io nom 0.01 0.5 1 Fig. 12 Typical output droop T1240/1740/1840 voltage, which ensures current sharing without further precautions, when several converters are connected in parallel. An increase in output current and a decrease in input voltage decrease the output voltage, according to the formula: Vo Vo set tol + (0.5 - Io/Io nom) * Vo l + (Vi - Vi nom)/100 V * Vo V The dynamic characteristic is shown in fig. 9. 0 15 A 20 A Io Fig. 11a Output characteristic of T1240 (typ.). The droop is shown in fig. 12. Vo 06066a All battery charger versions exhibit an output power limitation mode, where the output power is kept constant from 2.35 V/cell (for lead acid batteries) to 1.6 V/cell. The maximum input current is limited to Ii L. At lower input voltage Vi red, the maximum output power is limited to: 56.5 V 54.5 V Output Power Limitation (Battery Charger) 50.5 V Po * Vi red * I i L Inhibit (Rectifier Version) 38 V 0 10 A Io 14.5 A ( = efficiency approx. 90%). Fig. 11b Output characteristic of T1740 (typ.). The droop is shown in fig. 12. The rectifier version converters are equipped with a simple inhibit function (with no adjustment of Vo). The converter is enabled by a logic high signal and disabled by a logic low signal. This input is TTL/CMOS compatible, a resistor <50 disables the converter, a resistor >30 k enables it. The switch-on time t r , i.e., the time delay between powering until the full output power is available, is typically 100 ms. The hold-up time at the output after inhibiting depends on the load, the internal and external capacitance at the output. Note: The inhibit input is protected against overvoltage up to 60 V. Vo 40.88 V Table 6: Characteristics of the inhibit signal 06067a 42.4 V Characteristics 37.9 V 11 A 16 A Vi min - Vi max 2.5 TC min - TC max Rinh Resistance Vo = on to Vo- 30 V inh Inhibit voltage R inh Resistance Vo = off tr Switch-on time Vi nom until full power avail. Pinh Input power with inhibited unit Fig. 11c Output characteristic of LT1840 (typ.). The droop is shown in fig. 12. BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Inhibit voltage Io min Vo = on V inh 28.5 V 0 Conditions Page 9 of 31 Vo = off typ max Unit 60 V k -0.7 0.4 V 50 100 ms 3 W www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) 06116a 4 L~ Vo+ 12 i/Vcr 28 Note: The table Hold-up time also informs about the warning time of the Power Down signal. For example, if the threshold level Vt of the Power Down signal is set to 43 V and the minimum acceptable voltage of the load is 38 V, the time between the activation of the power-down signal and the switch-off of the load (550 W) will be 15 ms (= 55 ms - 40 ms). I inh Converter Vinh N~ 6 Vo- 22 Series and Parallel Connection The output of the T Series converters may either be connected in series or in parallel. Fig. 13 Inhibit connection Connection in parallel: Current sharing between paralleled converters is ensured by the output droop (slope) characteristic. Hold-Up Time The hold-up time depends upon the output voltage at the time of failure, the minimum acceptable output voltage, and the load according to the formula: Connection in series: A maximum of two T Series converters may be connected in series, however the resulting output voltage of up to 110 V would no longer be SELV. Vo2 - Vo2 min v t hold = ------------ * (Co + Cext) 2 * Po where: = Vo Vo min v = Po = Co = Cext = Note: Several Txx40 battery chargers connected in parallel can be controlled by a single voltage source or a single sensor wired to the inputs i/Vcr. Output voltage at the moment of mains' failure Minimum acceptable output voltage Average output power during hold-up time Internal output capacitance External output capacitance Examples of t hold are given in the table below: Table 7: Hold-up time t hold for T1701 Vo = 54 V Po [W] 46 V Vo min v 43 V 40 V 38 V 100 200 300 400 500 550 164 82 55 41 33 30 219 109 73 55 44 40 302 151 101 75 60 55 270 135 90 67 54 49 Unit ms V mains' failure 05049a Vo low load Vt heavy load Vo min v t warning time thold Fig. 14 Hold-up and warning time with Power Down output signal. BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Page 10 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) 06068 Control Features of the Battery Chargers 2.23 V 2.24 V 2.25 V 0 2.26 V According to the recommendations of battery manufacturers, the float-charge voltage of lead-acid batteries should be temperature-compensated. Depending on the battery type and size, charging with different temperature coefficients may be required. An excessive float-charge voltage may damage the battery through overcharging. 2.35 V 4 C 2.28 V 8 2.29 V 2.30 V Most lead-acid battery manufacturers recommend cell voltages between 2.23 V and 2.32 V, with the nominal cell voltage defined at 20 C and temperature coefficients per cell between -3 and -4 mV/K. Fig. 15 Cell voltage selector switch The value of the negative temperature coefficient is specified by the type of T temperature sensor. Potentiometer for Fine Tuning With the cell voltage selector switch Z, the required cell voltage can be adjusted at the rear of the converter, making the system flexible to different float-charge voltages. If the selector switch Z is not applicable, a cell voltage adjustment can also be provided by the temperature sensor; see Temperature Sensor T). Although it is not recommended, the output voltage can be set to a fixed value without temperature compensation by an external voltage source or a resistive voltage divider at the remote control input, for instance if the battery temperature shall be controlled by other systems; see External Output Voltage Control. Cell Voltage Selector Switch Z 2.27 V 2.32 V 2.31 V The battery chargers are equipped with a one-turn potentiometer for fine tuning of the output voltage to within 3.7 0/00 of Vo. The potentiometer is protected by a plastic cover. To adjust the output voltage for improved current sharing or compensation for voltage drops over the load lines, each battery charger in a system should be unplugged and adjusted individually to the same output voltage at equal load; otherwise current sharing may adversely be affected. External Output Voltage Control The i/Vcr control input (pin 28) provides two functions: - External adjustment of the output voltage - Inhibiting of the converter. A voltage <0.4 V inhibits the output, a voltage >2.5 V enables it. The battery chargers are equipped with the cell voltage selector switch at the rear side, which provides an easy way of external adjustment to the required float-charge voltage. Each switch position allows a step in the output voltage of 10 mV per cell, whereby the switch position "0" represents a cell voltage of 2.23 V at 20 C; position "C" gives 2.35 V per cell. With the i/Vcr input in the range of 5.5 V to 11.5 V, the output voltage Vo set can be adjusted within a range of +3.6% to -7.9%. This feature is optimized to control the float-charge of a lead acid batteriy. The cell voltage selector switch fits together with the 2.23 V temperature sensor. The float-charge voltage is set by the switch, and the temperature coefficient is specified by the sensor type. In the case of a excessively high control voltage, the output voltage is reduced. Caution: Setting the switch to the correct battery cell voltage is vital for the proper operation of a battery system. Note: Switching to a different cell voltage while the battery charger is operating may cause a short distortion of the output voltage. Outside of the control range, the sensor monitoring circuit generates a system error signal (see also System Good). The remote control input is protected against DC overvoltage up to 60 V. Note: An open inhibit/Vcr remote control input leads to a sensor error signal which is indicated by the Error LED at the front and high impedance of the "System good" signal. The output voltage is reduced to Vcr fail condition. Table 8: Characteristics of the remote control Characteristics Conditions Vo Voltage selector switch Z set at 2.23 V/cell or without selector switch Z selector switch Z Vi nom, 0.5 * I o nom Output voltage at: Vcr fail 2.5 - 5.5 V Vcr control 5.5 - 11.5 V Vcr clamp 11.5 - 14 V LT/UT1240 typ LT1840 typ LT/UT1740 Unit 25.25 37.85 50.5 V 22.5 + Vcr * 0.5 22.5 + Vcr * 0.5 45 + Vcr 28.25 42.37 56.5 Vcr fail 14 - 60 V 25.25 37.85 50.5 Rcr Input impedance 1 1 1 M f cr Frequency limit 1 1 1 Hz BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Page 11 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) Table 9: Characteristics of the inhibit signal Characteristics Vinh Inhibit voltage Vo = on R inh Resistance to Vo- Vo = on Conditions min Vi min - Vi max , TC min-TC max 30 k typ max 2.5 60 Unit V Vinh Inhibit voltage Vo = off Rinh Resistance to Vo- VU o = off - 0.7 0.4 V 50 tr Switch on time until full power available Vi nom 100 ms Pinh Input power at inhibited converter Vi nom 3 W Vo [V] T1240 28.25 T1840 T1740 06069a Vcr = Vo - 45 V Vcr = 4/3 * Vo - 33.7 V Vcr = 2 * Vo - 45 V Vo * R2 Vcr = -------- (R1 + R2) 56.5 42.37 55 41 27 54 R2: Value with 1 MW internal resistance in parallel with R. 53 39 26 25.25 It is mandatory that: (R1 * R2) ---------- > 35 k (R1 + R2) otherwise the converter might not be able to start. 52 37.85 (T1740) (T1840) (T1240) 50.5 Control by an external voltage source Vcr 3 4 5 5.5 11.5 14 16 V Logic level of the signal System Good 05062a i/Vcr 5.3 V 14 V 28 + Vcr Vcr Vo- Fig. 16 Output voltage Vo versus control voltage Vcr, with the corresponding signal System Good 22 - Ext. voltage source 5.5 - 11.5 V If the voltage selector switch Z is not set at 2.23 V per cell, the Vcr fail voltage rises accordingly. Fig. 18 Voltage setting by an external voltage source The inhibit input of battery charger models is not TTL/CMOS compatible and should be triggered by a switch, a relay, or an open-collector transistor. Control by the temperature sensor T Control by external resistors With a resistive potential divider or a potentiometer connected to the remote control input, a fixed output voltage can be programmed: The temperature sensor provides a temperature-compensated charging process for lead-acid batteries; see Accessories, Temperature Sensor T. 05063a Vo+ i/Vcr 1 M Vo- V o+ 12 R1 28 Vcr R 22 R2 = 1 M * R/(1 M + R) V o- Fig. 17 Voltage setting by external resistors BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Page 12 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) Auxiliary Functions Available Signals and Status Monitoring The T Series exhibits an inhibit function as well as several voltage monitoring and indicating functions for easy control and surveillance of a complete customer-specific power supply system. All the surveillance functions are driven from the output. Consequently, it also operates, when the input voltage is off, down to an output voltage of 5 V. The power consumption of the surveillance circuit is typically 10 to 20 mA. With option D, the output voltage can be sensed externally, for example, to monitor the system bus decoupled from the power supplies by diodes or fuses. An external resistor of 43.2 k 1% (21.5 k for T1840) must be fitted into the sense line to the bus; see fig. below. - 06051a + F Vo+ 12 Vo- 22 External adjustment of the threshold level Vt Available functions: - Power Down - System Good - Inhibit/Vcr remote control D D set Sys In Sys Out i/Vcr pin pin pin pin pin Rext D set 32 30 32 24 26 28 T1000-7D Fig. 21 Option D (D-set internally not connected); the power down circuitry monitors the power bus decoupled by the fuse F. The status is indicated by 3 LEDs on the front panel: - System - Vo - Error (OK) (OK) green green red Adjustment of the threshold level Test sockets at the front panel allow easy measurement of Vo. Power Down Function The power down circuitry monitors Vo and changes the status of output D (pin 30) from low to high impedance, when Vo falls below the low threshold level, and changes back to low impedance, when Vo exceeds the upper threshold level. The rectifier versions have a relatively small hysteresis of 1 V, the battery charger versions have a large hysteresis. The upper threshold level is given, but the low threshold level is externally adjustable at the D set pin 32. The Power Down signal D (pin 30) can for example be used as a save data signal, for low voltage warning, as a low-battery signal to avoid deep discharge of the battery, or to prevent connected converters from starting-up at a low bus voltage. For application examples, see figures below using the signal D. As it is driven from the output, the power pown circuitry operates independently of the input voltage and the load conditions, even if the converter is inhibited. With the resistor (R ext) connected to D set (pin 32) and Vo- (or Vo+), the low threshold level can be increased (or decreased) respectively; see fig. 20 and 21. If the D set input is left open-circuit, the low threshold level of the power down circuitry is factory-set to: T12xx: T17xx: VT18xx: - 0.2 V 0.5 V 0.4 V Table 10: Calculation of Rext Model Vt > Vt set (R ext connected to Vo-) T12xx T17xx T18xx Vt < Vt set (R ext connected to Vo+) 463.5 43.2 Vt - 463.5 Rext (Vt) = -------- [k] Rext (Vt) = ------------- [k] Vt -21.0 21.0 - Vt 933 43.2 Vt - 933 Rext (Vt) = -------- [ k] Rext (V t) = ------------- [k] Vt - 42.5 42.5 - Vt 461 21.4Vt - 461 Rext (Vt) = -------- [ k] Rext (V t) = ------------- [k] Vt - 32 32 - Vt The threshold level is adjusted for a DC output voltage. If in operation a sinusoidal low frequency output ripple is superimposed to the DC output voltage, it can be estimated with Vov = I o /(2 * * f * C o), where C o is the internal output capacitance. + Vo+ Rint 43.2 k (21.5 k) Vt set = 21 V Vt set = 42.5 V Vt set = 32 V The approximate resistor values for given threshold levels can be calculated from the table below: The standard version monitors Vo internally; see fig. below. 06050a R 43.2 k (21.5 k) Vo- Table 11: Typ. values for Rext for a given Vt value for LT1740 Rext D set External adjustment of the threshold level Vt Characteristics Conditions Vt 69 k to Vo+ 106 k to Vo+ 254 k to Vo+ left open-circuit 309 k to Vo- 154 k to Vo- 102 k to Vo- Fig. 20 Standard version; the power down circuitry monitors directly Vo via Rint. Rext is not necessary. BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Page 13 of 31 Power down threshold level, set by Rext Vt Unit 34.4 36.4 39.5 42.5 45.5 48.5 51.6 V www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) Upper threshold level 06053 Vo+ The upper threshold level of the power down function is given. The rectifier models have a relatively small hysteresis of 1 V to prevent the signal from oscillation. D The battery chargers have a larger hysteresis. The upper level is set at 2.05 V/cell. Vo- To avoid deep discharge of the battery, the load should be disconnected from the battery at the low level of the power down signal. The battery voltage will then recover slowly up to its chemical equilibrium, about 2 V/cell. The load may not be connected again to the battery, until the T converter is operating and charging it. Then the output voltage will be higher than 2.05 V/cell. Rext D set Fig. 23 Power down function (D output) - External adjustment of threshold level V t - Signal electrically isolated by an external relay 06054 High level of output signal D (pin 30): LT/UT1240: LT/UT1840: LT/UT1740: 24.6 V 49.2 V 43.9 V Vo+ 0.3 V 0.5 V 0.4 V R D red LED Vo- VBat Vfloat LED is "ON" in case of power down 06052a Battery recovery 2.05 V/cell 2.0 V/cell Fig. 24 Remote indication of signal D by LED Load switch ON Hysteresis Power Down Vt Mains failure Z 06055 Load switch OFF Battery low t Return of mains R D Power down signal high +5 V Vo+ t low CMOS, TTL Vo- Fig. 22 Hysteresis of D output signal for battery chargers with corresponding level of Power Down signal Fig. 25 Remote indication of the output voltage status (output D) by CMOS/TTL interface (e.g., for data saving) Signal output characteristics Output D (pin 30) is an open-collector signal, referenced to Vo-, protected by a 62 V Zener diode; it is well suited to drive an external relay. 06056a Vo+ 12 Under normal operating conditions (Vo > Vt), output D has low impedance. If the output voltage drops below the power down threshold level, output D becomes high impedance. LT/UT D Table 12: Characteristics of power down functions Characteristics Conditions ID TC min - TC max Output sink current min Vz Zener voltage Pz Z-diode PLoss 1 Vo- 22 typ max Unit 50 1 mA 0.2 V 500 mW Vsat Saturation voltage I D = 50 mA 62 TC = 95 C To be limited to 50 mA by the external circuitry. BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 30 Vi+ 10 k 0.5 W PSK/PSS/PSx i Gi- Fig. 26 Output D signal used as inhibit to enable a system start-up in the case of subsequently connected step-down converters PSK/PSS/PSx with low start-up voltage. (For 48Q/CQ units, no pull-up resistor is required.) Page 14 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) Table 13: Characteristics of System Good input and output Characteristics I Trig VTrig I Trig VTrig Trigger level for logic low input (= System OK) Trigger level for logic high input (= System Failure) min Vi min - Vi max TC min - TC max - 0.4 typ max 100 I sys Output sink current Saturation voltage VZ Zener voltage protection diode PZ Power disipation Zener diode Unit A 6.2 current-driven 0 voltage-driven >7.5 V A 1 Vsat 1 current-driven voltage-driven Conditions I Sys Out = 50 mA 60 V 50 mA 0.2 V 500 mW 62 TC = 95 C To be limited to 50 mA by the external circuitry. System Good Function 06057 The Sys Out signal (pin 26) provides information about the general function of the converter. It can be used to monitor the status of a single T Series converter, or can be linked with other signals within a power system to drive one single-logic signal for the status of the whole system by connecting the output Sys Out of one converter to the input Sys In (pin 24) of the next one. Low voltage (impedance) of the input and output has the meaning of "system good". The first input of the system has to be connected to Vo-. Vo+ Logic high if no internal error and no inhibit Logic AND Ref. Sys In Sys Out + ISys In Logic high if ISys In > 100 mA The signal Sys Out is activated (low impedance), if the following conditions are met: No external fault - the Sys In signal (pin 24) is logic low, AND: ISys Out Vo- Fig. 27 Equivalent circuit of Sys In and Sys Out No faults monitored by the T Series converter, such as: - Input overvoltage - Input undervoltage (mains failure) - Output overvoltage - Output short circuit - Internal overtemperature - Internal circuit fault. - i/Vcr input error such as voltage < 2.5 V (rectifier type); control voltage out of range 5.3 V > Vcr > 14 V (battery charger), or sensor not connected, open remote control input. Signal output The signal Sys Out (pin 26) has the meaning of "system good". It is built by an open collector transistor referenced to Vo-, protected by a 62 V Zener diode. 06060 Vo+ Sys Out Signal input The input Sys In (pin 24) can be voltage- or current- driven. To trigger the internal comparator, the voltage at the Sys In pin has to be <6.2 V, if voltage-driven. If current-driven, the sink current to Vo- has to be >100 A. An easy way to drive this input is achieved by means of an open collector transistor, or a 10 V CMOS interface. Vo- No external freewheeling diode across relay necessary Fig. 28 System status signal electrically isolated by an external relay Note:If only the internal status of a T Series converter should be monitored, Sys In has to be connected to Vo-. BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Page 15 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) Series and Parallel Connection of Power Down and System Good To achieve a logic-OR function of the signals Sys Out and D, connect the D output to Sys In. The desired function is then obtained from the Sys Out output. The output signal becomes high, if the output voltage is lower than the threshold of the power down circuit, inhibit is applied, or an internal error has occurred. To achieve a logic AND function of the Sys Out and D, connect the D output with the Sys Out. This combination generates an output signal only in the case of severe system errors. Only a T system fault together with a simultaneous power down of the output voltage will cause this output signal to become high impedance. 06061a 06062a Vo+ Sys In Sys In R Sys Out Internal signals i/Vcr Vo+ D Vo+ Vo- LT/UT Vo- LT/UT R Sys Out Internal signals i/Vcr Vo+ D D set D set Fig. 29 Sys out and D connected in series. The output signal will indicate an error at start-up. Fig. 31 Sys out and D connected in parallel. 1 k 48Q/CQ no. 1 Out OK circuit 20 V 06059a 1 k 48Q/CQ no. 2 Out OK circuit Sys In 24 Vo+ Sys In 12 24 Sys Out 26 20 V Vo- 22 LT/UT Vo- 22 Vo- 22 LT/UT Vo+ 12 Sys Out 26 Overall System Good Vo- 22 1 k 48Q/CQ no. x Out OK circuit 20 V Fig. 30 Wired AND of isolated open collector signals (e.g. the OUT OK signal of 48/CQ units) with the Sys Out signals of T units in series to achieve one signal about the status of the whole system BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Page 16 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) Table 14: System monitoring. Signal status and LED display status depending on the situation of the various system elements Possible Situation Open collector output Sys OK Vo OK Error low low on on off high low off on on System Good Power Down All OK LED No mains and battery OK or no mains and Vo > Vt 2 Unit inhibited and battery OK or unit inhibited and Vo > Vt 2 Internal error 2 Sys In input 3 high low off on off No mains and battery low or no mains and Vo < Vt 2 high high off off on 1 high high off off off low high on off on high low off on on Short circuit on LT/UT output, Vo < 4 V Current limit LT/UT output, Vo > 4 V, Vo < Vt 2 Battery chargers: sensor not connected or out of range 1 2 3 LED is on until the output capacitors are discharged. Sys In connected to Vo-. Sys In not connected to Vo- (single T status monitoring) or system status monitoring. Display Status of LEDs LED Sys OK A green LED corresponds to the signal System Good. It lights, if no internal or external error is detected. LED Vo OK Another green LED indicates the output voltage status, corresponding to the signal Power Down. The LED lights, as long as Vo exceeds the upper threshold level and has not fallen below the low threshold level V t. LED Error This red LED lights, if one or more of the following conditions are detected: - - - - - - - - Input overvoltage Input undervoltage (mains failure) Output overvoltage Output short circuit Output voltage below threshold V t Internal overtemperature Internal circuit fault i/Vcr remote control input error, such as: - Inhibit voltage <2.5 V (rectifier models) - Remote control voltage Vcr out of range 5.3 - 14 V (battery chargers) - Sensor not connected, open remote control input. BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Page 17 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) For redundant configurations the outputs should be decoupled by ORing diodes, protecting the DC-bus in case of an internal short circuit at the output of one converter. 06079a LT/UTxx40 LT/UTxx40 D set HC+ Vo- R HC- Vo+ Vo- D set Vo+ Decoupling can also be done using appropriate fuses in the output path of each converter. If the battery voltage has to be monitored, choose option D. HC+ Power Boosting, Redundant Configuration, Hot Swap battery-buffered bus. Should however the converter already be connected, when the battery is switched to the bus, the resulting charge current will not be limited. To avoid having the fuse blow or a possible arc across the circuit breaker, the battery charger HC- Different Configurations and Applications R 43k2 (21k5) Fuse 06077a Converter + - - Fig. 33 T xx40 with battery back-up. Power Down signal monitoring the battery voltage. + - Fig. 32 Redundant configuration without battery back-up ORing diodes provide reverse polarity protection with no reverse current in case of hot plug-in, but have the disadvantage of some forward voltage drop. For battery applications, decoupling with fuses is recommended, since the voltage drop over the diodes would decrease the battery voltage. In case of an internal short circuit of a converter, the battery will deliver a very large current causing the respective fuse to blow. The fuse should be mounted in the positive power path of the converter, since the monitoring signals are referenced to the negative path. The fuse type should be suitable for DC application having a current rating of 20 A or more with high breaking capability, e.g., Littlefuse, series 314. should be powered by the mains prior to connecting the battery. With ORing diodes, no reverse charge current flows from the power bus into the output capacitors. Battery Size and Ripple Current Some consideration should be given to the battery size. According to VDE 0510 part 2, the low frequency ripple current of the floating charge current should not exceed 5 A per 100 Ah capacity (0.05 C). The power factor corrected single step conversion of the line input voltage to the low DC output voltage generates a ripple voltage at the output of twice the input frequency, causing a ripple current into the connected battery. 06081b To enable hot plug-in in systems decoupled with fuses, the T Series converters are fitted with an NTC resistor, limiting the reverse current flowing into the discharged output capacitors (see Functional Description). T1701/1702 Vo = 56 V For this purpose HC+ (pin 16) and HC- (pin 18) have to be connected to Vo+ and Vo- respectively; see fig. 33. Since pins 16 and 18 are leading pins, the output capacitors are precharged through the internal NTC resistor, before any other pin makes contact. This protects the connector and prevents the DC bus voltage from dropping during hot plug-in. Hot swap should be done gently. Subsequent hot-swap actions should be avoided. After disconnecting an operating converter, it should be cooled down prior to reconnecting to the bus to avoid damage of the fuse or the converter. Note: The internal NTC limits the reverse charge current flowing into the output capacitors, when the converter is plugged into a BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Fuse + Vo+ Vo- Vo+ Vo- Converter 43k2 (21k5) Load T1701/1702 Vo = 56 V T1740-7D Vo range: 50.5 - 56 V + - Battery Fig. 34 Configuration for a larger system with only a small battery Page 18 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) For systems, where only a small battery back-up time is required, battery charging by one T unit may be sufficient; see also fig. below. threshold level of Power Down. This prevents further discharge of the battery. Caution: Lead-acid batteries can generate certain amounts of H2 and O2 gas, which can form explosive gas mixtures. Sufficient ventilation must be provided in battery cabinets and installation rooms. + - 06083a + - Note: Local regulations must be observed. Further information about designing battery systems is contained in VDE 0510, part 2. Out OK+ Fuse i Vo+ L N N LT/UT1740-7DZ L In a complete power system consisting of several T converters connected in parallel combined with 48Q/CQ units, it may be desirable to have one common signal indicating the status of the whole system. HC- + Vo- - + - i R + - Sys Out L N Sys In D R L N T1700 Sys Out D Overall System Good Power Down i/Vcr Sys In + i - 43.2 k Rext + - Temp. sensor T Fig. 36 Disconnecting the loads at low battery voltage in case of mains' failure - Out OK- Out OK+ - Storing the System Good Signal + 48Q/CQ + - Out OK- Out OK+ - For battery back-up systems located in inaccessible areas it could be of interest to know, whether there has been a Power Fail (interruption of the mains). To obtain this information, Sys Out should be connected to Sys In with a reset button connected to Vo-. In this way a system failure like an interruption of the mains will be stored at Sys Out until, the reset button is pressed. + - 06084a Fuse + - Fig. 35 Overall System Good and Power Down signal in a redundant system L L N N Low-Battery Discharge Protection Vo+ HC+ HC- Vo- + 48Q/CQ + - - R Sys Out Stored Sys Out + - Sys In Since all monitoring functions are powered by the output of the T converter or the battery, in the case of a mains' failure, Power Down can be used to monitor the status of the battery and to disconnect the load or part of it via the inhibit of the connected DC/DC converters, when the battery voltage drops below the BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 48Q/CQ Out OK+ D set 48Q/CQ + + - Out OK- Out OK+ - Vo+ Vo- - Out OK- LT/UT1740-7DZ T1700 06082a + 48Q/CQ + + Out OK+ D Sys Out The DC-DC converters provide a galvanically isolated signal Out OK. To obtain a logic AND, all Out OK signals should be connected in series; see fig. below: If in a system with 2 redundant T Series converters Power Down is desired as one common signal, simply connect the D pins of the two T converters. Then, Power Down only becomes active, if both T converters fail, which would result in the bus voltage failing (see fig. below). 48Q/CQ Out OK- Sys In R - HC+ The T Series converters are designed to be operated with DC-DC converter loads. Particularily suitable are 48Q models, as they start working at approx. 38 V, thus avoiding high currents at ramp-up. But also other series may be used, for instance our CQ or P Series. Vo+ Vo- + Out OK- Combination with DC-DC Converters L N 48Q/CQ i/Vcr Reset Temp. sensor T Fig. 37 Storing the System Good signal Page 19 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) +5.1 V, 64 A (48 A*) 06085a * For redundancy, decoupling at the 48Q/CQoutputs with diodes is required. 48Q/CQ 48Q/CQ N L 24 V, 8 A (4 A*) 12 V, 16 A (8 A*) 48Q/CQ 48Q/CQ 48Q/CQ 48Q/CQ 48Q/CQ 48Q/CQ Fuse T1740-7DZ Fuse T1740-7DZ + Back-up battery - 48 V Temp. sensor 48 V power bus (SELV) (50.5 to 56.5 V) System controller power down DC bus good output good Fig. 38 UPS uninteruptable power supply system 12 V, 4 A +5.1 V, 32 A +24 V, 5 A 48Q/CQ 1001 06086a 48Q/CQ 1001 L T1701 48Q/CQ 2320 PSB 245 Vo+ N Vo- System controller 48 V power bus (SELV) (53 to 56 V) power down DC bus good output good M Cooling fan Lamps PCB heating Fig. 39 Front end with various loads (example) BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Page 20 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) A suppressor diode or a metal oxide VDR (depending on type) together with an input fuse and an input filter form an effective protection against input transient voltages, which typically occur in most installations, but especially in battery-driven mobile applications. The T Series has been successfully tested to the following specifications: Electromagnetic Immunity Table 15: Immunity type tests Phenomenon Standard Level Coupling mode 1 Electrostatic discharge (to case) IEC/EN 61000-4-2 4 Electromagnetic field IEC/EN 61000-4-3 Electrical fast transient/burst Surge Conducted disturbances 1 2 Value applied Waveform Source imped. Test procedure contact discharge 8000 Vp 1/50 ns 330 A 15000 Vp 10 positive and 10 negative discharges yes air discharge 3 antenna 10 V/m AM 80% 1 kHz n.a. 26 - 1000 MHz yes A IEC/EN 61000-4-4 4 capacitive, o/c 2000 Vp A 4000 Vp 60 s positive 60 s negative transient per coupling mode yes direct, i/c, +i/-i bursts of 5/50 ns 2.5/5 kHz over 15 ms; burst period: 300 ms 50 4 IEC/EN 61000-4-5 3 i /c 2000 Vp 1.2/50 s 12 5 pos. and 5 neg. surges per coupling mode yes B 2 IEC/EN 61000-4-6 3 150 0.15 - 80 MHz yes A +i/-i i, o, signal wires 10 VAC (140 dBV) AM 80% 1 kHz In Perf. oper. crit. 2 i = input, o = output, c = case. A = Normal performance, B = Temporary loss of function or degradation of performance, not requiring an operator. Electromagnetic Emission The radiated noise in the frequency range of 30 MHz to 300 MHz on the input- and the output-side stays below class A according to EN 55011/22 measured with an antenna. The radiated noise of the T converters between 30 MHz and 1 GHz is reduced, if the converter is built into a conductive [dBV] 07035a chromatized 19" rack, fitted with a front panel. For converters mounted otherwise, e.g., wall-mounted with option B1 (base plate), the radiated noise may be above level A. [dBV/m] 50 07039a A 40 B 80 A 30 70 B 60 20 50 40 10 30 0 20 30 10 5 2 1 0.5 0.1 0.05 0.02 MHz Fig. 40 Conducted emissions (quasi-peak, typ.) at the input according EN 55011/22, measured at Vi nom and Io nom. BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 200 100 50 30 10 300 [MHz] 0 20 Fig. 41 Typ. radiated emissions (quasi peak) according to EN 55011/22, normalized to 10 m, measured on an open area test site at Vi nom and Io nom. Page 21 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) Environmental Conditions Table 16: Mechanical and climatic stress Test method Standard Test conditions Cab Damp heat steady state IEC/EN 60068-2-78 Temperature: Relative humidity: Duration: 40 2 C 93 +2/-3 % 56 days Unit not operating Status Ea Shock (half-sinusoidal) IEC/EN 60068-2-27 Acceleration amplitude: Bump duration: Number of bumps: 100 gn = 981 m/s2 6 ms 18 (3 each direction) Unit operating Eb Bump (half-sinusoidal) IEC/EN 60068-2-29 Acceleration amplitude: Bump duration: Number of bumps: 40 gn = 392 m/s2 6 ms 6000 (1000 in each direction) Unit operating Fc Vibration (sinusoidal) IEC/EN 60068-2-6 Acceleration amplitude: Unit operating Frequency (1 Oct/min): Test duration: 0.21 mm (10 - 60 Hz) 3 gn = 29.4 m/s2 (60 - 2000 Hz) 10 - 2000 Hz 7.5 h (2.5 h each axis) Fda Random vibration wide band Reproducibility high IEC/EN 60068-2-35 DIN 40046 part 23 Acceleration spectral density: Frequency band: Acceleration magnitude: Test duration: 0.05 g n rms 20 - 500 Hz 4.9 gn rms 3 h (1 h each axis) Unit operating Kb Salt mist, cyclic (sodium chloride NaCl solution) IEC/EN 60068-2-52 Concentration: Duration: Storage: Storage duration: Number of cycles: 5% (30 C) 2 h per cycle 40 C, 93% rel. humidity 22 h per cycle 3 Unit not operating Table 17 Temperature specifications -7 Unit Characteristic Conditions min TA Ambient operational temperature range Io = 0 - Io nom -25 71 Io > Io nom -25 65 TC Case temperature range Io = 0 - Io nom at measurement point; Io > Io nom see Mechanical Data -25 95 -25 90 TS Storage temperature range (not operating) -40 100 TCs Case temperature, when shut down R th CA Thermal resistance case to ambient tC typ max C 100 convection cooling Thermal time constant of case 0.5 K/W 1 h Table 18: Reliability Values at specified case temperature MTBF 1 Model LT1701-7 Ground benign 40C 198 000 Device hours 2 1 2 Ground fixed 40C 70C 56 000 26 000 Ground mobile 50C Unit 20 000 h 810 000 Calculated in accordance with MIL-HDBK-217E (calculation accord. to edition F would show even better results) Statistical values, based on an average of 4300 working hours per year and in general field use, over 3 years BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Page 22 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) Thermal Considerations Even though the T Series converters have a very high efficiency, the operating losses will heat the case. The two heat sinks are designed to dissipate the power losses at maximum output power over the specified temperature range without forced cooling, if the convection cooling provides sufficient air volume, without any obstruction for vertical air exchange below and above the converter. Due to the slightly higher power losses in output power and current limitation mode, the maximum admissible ambient and case temperature is then lower than in output voltage regulation mode. A built-in sensor disables the output in case of overtemperature. The converter automatically recovers, when the temperature falls below the limit. Derating is required for applications with higher operational ambient temperature. The fig. below shows the derating of the output power versus operational temperature above the ambient temperature of 71 C of an LT17xx unit. Two different conditions are shown: a) Converter operating with convection cooling (solid line). For example if the operational ambient temperature reaches 80 C, the output power should be limited to approx. 290 W. In this case steady operation in output power or current limitation mode is not possible. b) Converter operating with forced cooling (dotted line). Under these conditions, the case temperature TC is decisive. With sufficient cooling provided (air flow!), the converter still delivers 550 Watts in voltage regulation mode even at TA = 85 C, provided that TC 95 C (TC = measuring point of case temperature; see Mechanical Data). At TC 90C, steady operation in output power or current limitation mode is still possible. Nevertheless, it is not recommended to operate the converter continuously close to TC max, since lifetime will be affected. Since the operating temperature is of major importance to reliability, the following conditions should be observed: 1. 2. 3. 4. Do not cover heat sinks. Do not obstruct air flow around the heat sinks. Maximize free space around the converter ! If the power supplies and the loads are located in the same enclosure, forced cooling is recommended. The T units should be placed on the bottom of the enclosure. 5. Always check the maximum ambient and case temperature after system integration. Ploss [W] 08003a Output power limitation 40 Output current limitation 35 30 25 Output voltage regulation 20 15 10 5 0 0 100 200 Vi = 110 VAC 300 400 500 Po [W] 600 Vi = 230 VAC Fig. 43 Internal power losses versus nominal output power (T17xx) Po max (convection cooling) Po [W] 08002 550 Po max (forced cooling) Output voltage regulation mode (Io <10 A) 290 Output power/current limitation mode (Io >10 A) 0 -25 TA [C] 50 60 70 80 90 95 100 Fig. 42 Output power versus ambient temperature of T17xx BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Page 23 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) Mechanical Data Dimensions in mm. The converters are designed to be inserted into a 19" rack, 160 mm long, according to IEC 60297-3. 1.5 European Projection 94.8 111 (= 3U) Sys OK (green) Vo OK (green) Test sockets Error (red) 26.8 141.5 (= 28 TE) Measuring point 2 of case temperature Tc 60 171.0...171.9 1 Measuring point 1 of Tc 168.5 09036a 30 94.8 111 (= 3U) Fixtures for retention clips V Measuring point 1 of case temperature Tc Trim-potentiometer (Txx40) Cell voltage selector switch Z (Txx40) Input fuse (option) 0.73 51/2 0.3 8 1/2 TE TE Fig. 44 Case T01, weight approx. 3 kg 142.2 (= 28 TE) BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Page 24 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) 5 12.35 158 5 12 101 111 09037a o 4.5 M4 17.3 133.4 5 168.5 119 8 171.0...171.9 Measuring point of case temperature Tc Front panel European Projection 28.3 Fig. 45 Case T01 with option B1 (cooling plate) 10079 Safety and Installation Instructions Connector Pin Allocation 6 The connector pin allocation table defines the electrical potentials and the physical pin positions at the H15 connector. Pin 8 and 10 (protective earth) are reliably connected to the case of the converter. They are leading pins, ensuring that they make contact with the female connector first. 10 14 18 22 26 Pin 16 (HC+) and pin 18 (HC-) are also leading pins to enable hot-swapping of the converter. 30 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 Fig. 46 H15 male connector BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Page 25 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) Table 19: Connector pin allocation Pin Electrical determination Designation 4 Phase line input L~ N~ Hazardous energy levels may be present at the output terminals for 3 minutes, even after the input voltage has been disconnected or switched off. This is indicated by the red error LED. To prevent an unwanted short-circuit across the output of a disconnected converter, pins 16 and 18 are leading pins. In case of a short-circuit across the output of a T unit, all LEDs will be off, even though the mains may be present. 6 Neutral line input 81 Protective earth PE 1 10 1 Protective earth PE 1 12 Output voltage positive Vo+ 14 Output voltage positive Vo+ 16 1 Hot plug-in contact positive HC+ 18 1 Hot plug-in contact negative HC- 20 Output voltage negative Vo- 22 Output voltage negative Vo- 24 System Good signal input 26 System Good signal output 28 Inhibit or remote control input 30 Power Down signal 32 Power Down signal threshold of Vo 1 Caution: Prior to handling, the converter must be disconnected from mains and from other sources (such as batteries). Due to high output current value, the T Series converters provide for each the positive and the negative output path two internally parallel connected contacts (pins 12/14 and pins 20/ 22). It is recommended to connect the load to both female connector pins of each path, in order to keep the voltage drop and power loss across the connector pins as small as possible. Sys In Sys Out i/Vcr Caution: Lead-acid batteries can generate H2 and O2 gas, which can form explosive mixtures. Sufficient ventilation must be provided in battery cabinets and installation rooms. D D set Further information about designing battery systems is contained in VDE 0510, part 2. Leading pin (pre-connecting) Installation Instruction All T Series converters are components, intended exclusively for inclusion within other equipment by an industrial assembly operation or by professional installers. Installation must strictly follow the national safety regulations in compliance with the enclosure, mounting, creepage, clearance, casualty, markings, and segregation requirements of the end-use application. Connection to the system shall be made via the female connector H15 (see Accessories). Other installation methods may not meet the safety requirements. The converters are provided with pins 8 and 10 ( ), which are reliably connected to the case. For safety reasons it is essential to connect at least one of these pins reliably to the protective earth (PE) of the supply system. Input L~ (pin 4) is internally fused. This fuse is designed to protect the converter in case of overcurrent and may not be able to satisfy all customer requirements. External fuses in the wiring to one or both inputs (pin 4 and/or pin 6) may therefore be necessary to ensure compliance with local requirements. A second fuse in the wiring to the neutral line N~ is needed, if: * Local requirements demand an individual fuse in each source line * Neutral to earth impedance is high or undefined * Phase and neutral of the mains are not defined or cannot be assigned to the corresponding terminals (L~ to phase and N~ to neutral). Important: Do not open the converter, or warranty will be invalidated. BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 If a T Series converter is used for battery charging, check whether the position of the cell voltage selector switch corresponds to the required battery cell voltage. If a T Series converters are connected in parallel, it is recommended to connect the two hot plug-in pins of each female connector, HC+ (pin 16) and HC- (pin 18), to their respective output pins Vo+ and Vo- . Make sure that there is sufficient air flow available for convection cooling. This should be verified by measuring the case temperature, when the converter is installed and operated in the end-use application. The maximum specified case temperature TC max must not be exceeded. See also Thermal Considerations. If the end-product is to be UL certified, the temperature test may be repeated as part of the end-product investigation. Ensure that a converter failure (e.g., by an internal shortcircuit) does not result in a hazardous condition. See also Safety of Operator-Accessible Output. Protection Degree and Cleaning Agents If the female connector is fitted, the protection degree is IP30. Since the converters are not hermetically sealed, any penetration of cleaning fluids must be prevented. Audible Noise Under certain operating conditions, a T Series converter may generate a slight audible noise due to magneto-striction in the transformer. This noise does neither affect the function of the converter, nor is it detrimental to its performance over time. Standards and Approvals All T Series converters correspond to class I equipment. They comply with IEC/EN 60950-1, are CE-marked and safetyapproved by CSA to UL/CSA 60950-1. They have been evaluated according for: Page 26 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) * Building in * Basic insulation between input and case, based on 250 VAC * Double or reinforced insulation between input and output, based on 250 VAC * Operational insulation between output and case * The use in a pollution degree 2 environment * Connecting the input to a primary circuit with a maximum transient rating of 2500 V (overvoltage class III based on a 110 VAC primary circuit, overvoltage class II based on a 230 VAC primary circuit). The converters are subject to manufacturing surveillance in accordance with the above mentioned UL standards and with ISO9001:2000. For details see the Declaration of Conformity. Isolation The electric strength test is performed in the factory as routine test in accordance with EN 50116 and IEC/EN 60950 and should not be repeated in the field. Power-One will not honor any warranty claims resulting from electric strength field tests. Table 20: Isolation Characteristic Electric strength test Input to case and output Output to case Temp. Sensor T output to case Unit Factory test 1 s 2.8 1 1.4 1.4 kVDC AC test voltage equivalent to factory test 2.0 1.0 1.0 kVAC >300 >300 >100 M Insulation resistance at 500 VDC 1 According to EN 50116 and IEC/EN 60950-1, transformers and subassemblies connecting input to output are pretested with 5.6 kVDC or 4.0 kVAC. 10070a L N Leakage Currents L N Under test conditions, the leakage current flows through a measuring instrument (MI) as described in the fig. below, which takes into account impedance and sensitivity of a person touching unearthed accessible parts. The current value is calculated by dividing the measured voltage by 500 . If inputs and/or outputs of converters are connected in parallel, their individual leakage currents are added. Vo- S1 Leakage currents flow due to internal leakage capacitance and RFI suppression Y-capacitors. The current values are proportional to the input voltage and frequency. They are specified at maximum operating input voltage, where phase, neutral, and protective earth are correctly connected, as required for class I equipment. Vo+ Converter S2 S3 MI for earth leakage current MI for output leakage current Fig. 48 Test set-up for leakage current in single phase configuration. S1 is used to simulate the interchanging of phase and neutral. S2, S3 select either the earth or output leakage current test, S4 selects either the positive or negative output. 10061 10071a 1500 L1 L1 500 L2 L2 L3 N 10 k L N Converter Vo+ 220 nF S2 MI for earth leakage current Vo- 22 nF S3 V Fig. 47 Measuring instrument (MI) for earth leakage current test according to IEC/EN 60950, Annex D. BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 MI for output leakage current Fig. 49 Test set-up for leakage current in 208 V phase to phase configuration. S2, S3 select either the earth or output leakage current test, S4 selects either the positive or negative output. Page 27 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) Table 21: Leakage currents Characteristic Earth leakage current Output leakage current 1 Permissible according to IEC/EN 60950 LT/UT Unit 3.5 mA 1 Specified value at 255 V, 50 Hz (LT) 1.8 Specified value at 127 V, 60 Hz (LT or UT) 1.1 1 Permissible according to IEC/EN 60950 0.25 Specified value at 255 V, 50 Hz (LT) <0.1 Specified value at 127 V, 60 Hz (LT or UT) <0.1 In phase to phase configuration, the leakage current is lower. Safety of Operator-Accessible Output Circuits 10021a If the output circuit of a converter is operator-accessible, it shall be an SELV according to the safety standard IEC/EN 60950. Mains ~ The following table shows a possible installation configuration, compliance with which causes the output circuit to be an SELV circuit up to a configured output voltage (sum of nominal voltages if in series or +/- configuration) of 56.5 V. However, it is the sole responsibility of the installer to assure the compliance with the relevant and applicable safety regulations. ~ Fuse AC-DC converter Fuse Output + SELV - Earth connection Fig. 50 Schematic safety concept Table 22: Safety concept leading to an SELV circuit Conditions AC-DC converter Installation Result Supply voltage Grade of isolation between input and output, provided by the AC-DC converter Measures to achieve the resulting safety status of the output circuit Safety status of the AC-DC converter ouput circuit Mains 250 VAC Double or reinforced Installation according to the applicable standards SELV circuit Description of Options F Externally Accessible Fuse D Undervoltage Monitor This option is designed for systems using backplanes or is intended for use in applications, where a fuse or a decoupling diode is fitted into the positive supply line to the system bus. The status of the system bus/battery voltage can be monitored rather than the output status of a single T unit. Input D set (pin 32) is not internally connected to Vo+ (Rint is missing; see fig. 20). To maintain the adjustment capabilities and resistor values for setting the different threshold values, a 43.2 k (21.5 k) resistor should be fitted into the sense line to the bus. If D set (pin 32) is left open, output D (pin 30) is permanently signaling low bus voltage. The standard T converters have a non-accessible fuse, 5 x 20 mm. Some applications require an externally accessible fuse. Option F provides a fuse mounted on the rear side; see Mechanical Data. B1 Cooling Plate If a cooling surface is available, the converters can be provided with a mounting plate (option B1) instead of the standard heat sink on the right-hand side; see Mechanical Data. Since approximately 50% of the losses have to be dissipated through the remaining heat sink on the left-hand side, sufficient free air flow must still be provided. For details see also Auxiliary functions, Power Down. BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Page 28 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) Accessories T Series Front Panels 28 TE A variety of electrical and mechanical accessories are available, including: This front panel fits to all T Series converters with case size T01. - Mating H15 connectors with screw, solder, faston, or pressfit terminals - Connector retention clips V [HZZ01209] - Connector retention brackets CRB [HZZ01216] - Cable hood [HZZ00141] with retention brackets [HZZ01218] - Code key system for connector coding - Temperature sensor T for battery charging - Front panels for 19" DIN-rack mounting, Schroff system - 19" DIN-racks for system integration - Backplanes for system integration matching to 19" DINrails. For additional information go to www.power-one.com . Table 23: T case front panel selection Width TE 28 28 mm 141.9 141.9 Case size T01 T01 Series Type item no. T G28-T01 met [HZZ00890] T G28-T01 plas [HZZ00837] Delivery content: Front panel with two grey plastic handles, three countersunk screws, set of four plastic or metal retainers with captive screws, and assembly instructions. G28-T01 met [HZZ00890] with metal screw retainers G28-T01 plas [HZZ 00837] with plastic screw retainers. Blind plates: To close a non fully equipped 19" DIN-rack (only one or two converters fitted), 28 TE wide blind plates without holes are available: G28-T01-blank met [HZZ 00847] with metal screw retainers G28-T01-blank plas [HZZ 00848] with plastic screw retainers.} European Projection 26.2 0.1 81.8 0.1 56.7 29 2.5 0.1 12006a Fig. 52 Connector retention clip V 103 128.4 122.4 50 9 Fig. 51 H15 female connector (with code system) 141.9 9.7 0.1 0.2 Fig. 53 19" DIN-rack Fig. 55 Front panels for T Series (case T01) Fig. 54 Backplane for system intergration BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Page 29 of 31 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) Temperature Sensors T The T Series battery chargers exhibit a cell voltage selector switch Z to set the required floating charge voltage at 20 C directly at the converter. If this Z switch is used, the 2.23 V/cell sensor types should be selected in any case as a basis, and the selection criteria are only the temperature coefficient and the nominal voltage of the battery. For example, if a 24 V battery is used, which has a cell voltage of 2.23 V and a cell temperature coefficient of -3.5 mV/K, the sensor type is S242.23-35-02. The setting on the Z switch should be 2.23. i/Vcr white 28 Vo+ Fuse 12 Vo- - Sensor wires Caution: Wrong connection may damage the sensor and the converter. Sensor cable Note: Battery specific sensors with cell voltages from 2.23 V up to 2.32 V and temperature coefficients from -2 up to -4.5 mV/K per cell or different cable lengths are available upon request. brown Note: For installation of batteries, see VDE 510 as well as the recommendations of the battery manufacturers. + green 22 The active temperature sensor T is of robust construction, mounted into a sealed aluminium tube of 12 mm outer diameter and 50 mm length. The sensors are waterproof (IP 66) and high-voltage tested with 1.4 kVDC. Connection should be done via the colored 3 wire cable to the output of the converter (Vo+ and Vo-) and the remote control input i/Vcr (pin 28). - 05064b Converter + For T Series converters without Z selector switch, a sensor according to both criteria should be selected. In our example it should be S24-2.23-35-02. Battery Sensor T Fig. 56 Wiring diagram sensor Table 24: Type survey temperature sensors T Nominal battery voltage [V] Sensor type Cell voltage [V] Temp. coefficient per cell [mV/K] Cable length [m] 24 S24-2.23-30-02 2.23 -3.0 2 24 S24-2.23-35-02 2.23 -3.5 2 24 S24-2.23-45-02 2.23 -4.5 2 36 S36-2.23-30-02 2.23 -3.0 2 36 S36-2.23-35-02 2.23 -3.5 2 36 S36-2.27-35-02 2.27 -3.5 2 48 S48-2.23-30-02 2.23 -3.0 2 48 S48-2.23-35-02 2.23 -3.5 2 48 S48-2.23-40-02 2.23 -4.0 2 48 S48-2.23-45-02 2.23 -4.5 2 48 S48-2.27-30-02 2.27 -3.0 2 48 S48-2.27-35-02 2.27 -3.5 2 48 S48-2.27-45-02 2.27 -4.5 2 Table 25: Sensor data Characteristics Condition min Tsensor Sensor temperature range Vcr = 5.5 - 11.5 V -10 Vcr Control voltage range Absolute ratings 3.9 Vcr td Control voltage tolerance Tsensor = 20 C Tsensor = 0 - 53 C BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Page 30 of 31 typ max Unit 60 C 15 V 0.1 0.2 www.power-one.com T Series Data Sheet 500 Watt AC-DC Converters (R) If sensors are connected in parallel (redundant configuration), they should be decoupled by 200 k resistors; see fig. below. An individual sensor for each parallel connected T converter is not recommended, because current sharing is affected by the sensor tolerance. 06078a Vo+ Converter i/Vcr Sensor Sensor 200 k 200 k Fig. 59 Temperature sensor T with mounting fixture. Vo- Fig. 57 Sensors connected in parallel. Sensors in parallel provide redundant voltage adjustment in case of one of the sensors goes into an open-circuit or shortcircuit condition (add. external components required) European Projection 09044b fixture YVM009 12 14.5 25 0.2 15 l 60 adhesive tape length l: 2 m (standard) Fig. 58 Mechanical dimensions (in mm) NUCLEAR AND MEDICAL APPLICATIONS - Power-One products are not designed, intended for use in, or authorized for use as critical components in life support systems, equipment used in hazardous environments, or nuclear control systems without the express written consent of the respective divisional president of Power-One, Inc. TECHNICAL REVISIONS - The appearance of products, including safety agency certifications pictured on labels, may change depending on the date manufactured. Specifications are subject to change without notice. BCD20023 Rev AB, 02-Nov-2010 Page 31 of 31 www.power-one.com