•
LND324
DATA SHEET
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
• Internally frequency compensated for
unity Gain
• Large DC voltage gain: 100dB
• Wide Power Supply Range : 3V to
30V
• Input Common-Mode Voltage Range
Includes Ground
• Large Output Voltage Swing 0V to
VCC-1.5V
FEATURES
The LND324 consists of four independent,
High Gain, Internally Frequency compensated
operational amplifiers that are designed
specifically to operate from a single power
supply over a wide range of voltages.
Operation from split power supplies is also
possible as long as the different between them
is 3 volts to 32 volts.
Applications include transducer amplifiers, DC
Amplification Blocks and all the conventional
operational-amplifier circuits, that now can be
more easily implemented in single-supply-
voltage systems.
Quadruple Operational Amplifiers
• Linear Dimensions, Inc. • 445 East Ohio Street, Chicago IL 60611 USA • tel 312.321.1810 • fax 312.321.1830 • www.lineardimensions.com •
ADVANTAGES
• Eliminates need for dual
supplies
• Four internally compensated op
amps in a single package
• Allows directly sensing near
GND and VOUT also goes to
GND
• Compatible with all forms of
logic
• Power drain suitable for battery
operation
-+
-+-
+
+-
1
1
23
4
4
2
3
5
6
78
9
10
11
12
13
14
OUT 1
OUT 2
IN 1 -
IN 1 +
IN 2 -
IN 2 +
OUT 4
IN 4 -
IN 4 +
IN 3 +
IN 3 -
OUT 3
GNDVcc
INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS at specified free-air temperature, VCC =5V(unless otherwise noted)
LM324
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS* MIN TYP MAX UNIT
25°C37
VIO
Input offset
voltage
VCC=5V to Max, VICR min,
VO=1.4V Full Range 9 mV
αVIO
average
temperature
coefficient of input
offset voltage
Full Range 7 µV/°C
25°C250
IIO Input offset
current VO=1.4 Full Range 150 nA
αIIO
Average
temperature
coefficient of input
offset current
Full Range 10 pA/°C
25°C-20 -250
IIB
Input bias current VO=1.4 Full Range -500 nA
25°C0V
CC-1.5
VICR
Common-mode
input voltage
range
VCC=5V to MAX
Full Range 0 VCC-2
V
RL≥ 2kΩ25°CVCC-1.5
VCC=MAX, RL=2kΩFull Range 26
VOH
High level output
voltage VCC=MAX, RL≥10kΩFull Range 27 28
V
VOL
Low- level output
voltage
RL≥ 10kΩFull Range 5 20 mV
25°C25 100
AVD
Large signal
differential voltage
Amplification
VCC=15V,
VO=1v to 11V
RL≥ 2kΩFull Range 15
V/ mV
CMRR
Common-mode
rejection ratio
VCC=5V to MAX,
VIC=VICRmin 25°C65 80 dB
ksvr Supply voltage
rejection
ratio(∆VCC∆VIO)
VCC=5V to MAX 25°C65 100 dB
VO1/VO2 Crosstalk
attention f=1kHz to 20kHz 25°C120 dB
25°C-20 -30
VCC=15V,
VID=1V, VO=0 Full range -10
25°C10 20
VCC=15V,
VID=-1V, VO=15V Full range 5
mA
IO Output Current
VID=-1V,VO=200mV 25°C12 30 µA
IOS Short –circuit
output current
VCC at 5V,
GND at –5V, VO=0 25°C± 40 ± 60 mA
VO=2.5V, No Load Full Range 0.7 1.2
ICC Supply current VCC=MAX, VO=0.5VCC ,
No load
Full range 1.1 3 mA
LND324
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
• Linear Dimensions, Inc. • 445 East Ohio Street, Chicago IL 60611 USA • tel 312.321.1810 • fax 312.321.1830 • www.lineardimensions.com •
*All characteristics are measured under open loop conditions with zero common-mode input voltage unless otherwise
specified. “MAX” VCC for testing purposes is 30V. Full range is 0°C to 70°C.
The LM324 Op amps which operate with only a single supply voltage, have true-differential
inputs, and remain in the linear mode with an input common-mode voltage of 0 VDC. These
amplifiers operate over a wide range of power supply voltages with little change in
performance characteristics.
Precautions should be taken to insure that the power supply for the intergrated circuit never
becomes reversed in polarity or that the unit is not inadvertently installed backwards in a test
socket as an unlimited current surge through the resulting forward diode within the IC could
cause fusing of the internal conductors and result in a destroyed unit.
Large differential input voltages can be easily accommodated and as input differential
voltage protection diodes are not needed, no large input currents result from large differential
input voltages. The differential input voltages from going negative more than –0.3VDC(25 °C).
An input clamp diode with a resistor to the IC input terminal could be used.
The circuits presented in the section on typical applications emphasize operation on only a
single power supply voltage. If complementary power supplies are available, all of the
standard op-amp circuits can be used. In general, introducing a pseudo-ground( a bias
voltage reference of V+/2) will allow operation above and below this value in single power
supply systems. Many applications circuits are shown which take advantage of the wide
input common-mode voltage range, which includes ground. In most cases, input biasing is
not required and input voltages which range to ground can easily be accommodated.
APPLICATION HINTS
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
LND324
• Linear Dimensions, Inc. • 445 East Ohio Street, Chicago IL 60611 USA • tel 312.321.1810 • fax 312.321.1830 • www.lineardimensions.com •
Non Inverting DC Gain ( 0 V Output )
LND324 V
O
+
-
IN
+V
VOLTAGE FOLLOWER
V
O
+V
+V
IN
REF
+
-
COMPARATOR WITH HYSTERESIS
LND324
10K
10M
+5 V
LND324 +VO
+
-
+VIN *
1M
10K
*R not needed due to temperature independent I
IN
V
(Volts)
VIN (mV)
GAIN =1+(R2/R1)
=101 (as shown)
O
o
R1
R2
LND324
I
LND324
+
-
POWER AMPLIFIER
910k
+V
IN
100k
91k
V+
O
V
L
Vo =0 VDC f o Vin =0 VDC
Av =10
LND324
+
-
100
0.1
L
V *
O
V
L
1K
L
CURRENT MONITOR
Vo = 1V(I )/1A
L
*Increase R1 f or small I
L
V <= (V+) -(2V)
L
R1
R2
R
R2
R1
R
R3
LND324
V
O
+
-
V+
SQUAREWAVE OSCILLATOR
0
V+
µ
R1
R2
R3
R4
+
LND324
-
R
V
(Cell has 0V
Across it)
I
CELL
PHOTO VOLTAIC-CELL AMPLIFIER
f
O
100K
100K
100K
100K
0.001 F
1M
-
+
LND324
R1
V
+
-
LND324
R2
1
+V
R3
2
+V
R4
HIGH INPUT Z, DC DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER
O
100K
100K
100K
100K
• Linear Dimensions, Inc. • 445 East Ohio Street, Chicago IL 60611 USA • tel 312.321.1810 • fax 312.321.1830 • www.lineardimensions.com •
LND324
LND324
-
+
VOLTAGE CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR
µ
R
R/2
OUTPUT 1
-
+
LND324
V+/2
OUTPUT 2
+V *
C
* Wide Control Voltage Range :0 VDC <= Vc <= 2 ( V -1.5 VDC)
+
51K
51K
0.05 F
100K
50K
51K
100K
10K
• Linear Dimensions, Inc. • 445 East Ohio Street, Chicago IL 60611 USA • tel 312.321.1810 • fax 312.321.1830 • www.lineardimensions.com •
