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ADP5071 Data Sheet
Rev. A | Page 18 of 27
Output Capacitors
Higher output capacitor values reduce the output voltage ripple
and improve load transient response. When choosing this value,
it is also important to account for the loss of capacitance due to
the output voltage dc bias.
Ceramic capacitors are manufactured with a variety of dielectrics,
each with a different behavior over temperature and applied
voltage. Capacitors must have a dielectric adequate to ensure the
minimum capacitance over the necessary temperature range and
dc bias conditions. X5R or X7R dielectrics with a voltage rating of
25 V or 50 V (depending on output) are recommended for best
performance. Y5V and Z5U dielectrics are not recommended
for use with any dc-to-dc converter because of their poor
temperature and dc bias characteristics.
Calculate the worst-case capacitance accounting for capacitor
variation over temperature, component tolerance, and voltage
using the following equation:
CEFFECTIVE = CNOMINAL × (1 − TEMPCO) × (1 − DCBIASCO) ×
(1 − Tolerance)
where:
CEFFECTIVE is the effective capacitance at the operating voltage.
CNOMINAL is the nominal data sheet capacitance.
TEMPCO is the worst-case capacitor temperature coefficient.
DCBIASCO is the dc bias derating at the output voltage.
Tolerance is the worst-case component tolerance.
To guarantee the performance of the device, it is imperative that
the effects of dc bias, temperature, and tolerances on the
behavior of the capacitors be evaluated for each application.
Capacitors with lower effective series resistance (ESR) and
effective series inductance (ESL) are preferred to minimize
output voltage ripple.
Note that the use of large output capacitors can require a slower
soft start to prevent current limit during startup. A 10 µF capacitor
is suggested as a good balance between performance and size.
Input Capacitor
Higher value input capacitors help to reduce the input voltage
ripple and improve transient response.
To minimize supply noise, place the input capacitor as close as
possible to the PVINSYS pin, PVIN1 pin, and PVIN2 pin. A low
ESR capacitor is recommended.
The effective capacitance needed for stability is a minimum of 10 µF.
If the power pins are individually decoupled, it is recommended
to use an effective minimum of a 5.6 µF capacitor on the PVIN1
and PVIN2 pins and a 3.3 µF capacitor on the PVINSYS pin. The
minimum values specified exclude dc bias, temperature, and
tolerance effects that are application dependent and must be
taken into consideration.
VREG Capacitor
A 1.0 µF ceramic capacitor (CVREG) is required between the VREG
pin and AGND.
VREF Capacitor
A 1.0 µF ceramic capacitor (CVREF) is required between the VREF
pin and AGND.
Soft Start Resistor
A resistor can be connected between the SS pin and the AGND pin
to increase the soft start time. The soft start time can be set by the
resistor between 4 ms (268 kΩ) and 32 ms (50 kΩ). Leaving the
SS pin open selects the fastest time of 4 ms. Figure 44 shows the
behavior of this operation. Calculate the soft start time using the
following formula:
tSS = 38.4 × 10−3 − 1.28 × 10−7 × RSS (Ω)
where 50 kΩ ≤ RSS ≤ 268 kΩ.
SS PIN OPEN
SOFT START
TIMER
SOFT START
RESISTOR
R1R2
32ms
4ms
12069-043
Figure 44. Soft Start Behavior
Diodes
A Schottky diode with low junction capacitance is recommended
for D1 and D2. At higher output voltages and especially at higher
switching frequencies, the junction capacitance is a significant
contributor to efficiency. Higher capacitance diodes also generate
more switching noise. As a guide, a diode with less than 40 pF
junction capacitance is preferred when the output voltage is
above 5 V.
Inductor Selection for the Boost Regulator
The inductor stores energy during the on time of the power
switch, and transfers that energy to the output through the
output rectifier during the off time. To balance the tradeoffs
between small inductor current ripple and efficiency, inductance
values in the range of 1 µH to 22 µH are recommended. In general,
lower inductance values have higher saturation current and
lower series resistance for a given physical size. However, lower
inductance results in a higher peak current that can lead to reduced
efficiency and greater input and/or output ripple and noise. A
peak-to-peak inductor ripple current close to 30% of the maximum
dc input current for the application typically yields an optimal
compromise.