CS4100 TM ADPCM Speech Coders Virtual Components for the Converging World The CS4100 family of adaptive differential pulse code modulators (ADPCMs) is designed to provide high performance solutions for a broad range of applications requiring speech compression and decompression. These application specific virtual components (ASVCs) support up to 1024 duplex channels, each of which is independently selectable for encoding or decoding, and are fully compliant with ITU G.726, G.726a, G.727 and G.727a standards. The CS4100 series of ASVCs is available in both ASIC and programmable logic versions that have been handcrafted by Amphion for optimal performance while minimizing power consumption and silicon area. CODER FEATURES Fully compliant with ITU standards G.721, G.723, G.726, G.726a, G.727 and G.727a Supports large number of simultaneous channels: - CS4110: 8 duplex/16 simplex - CS4120: 32 duplex/64 simplex - CS4125: 64 duplex/128 simplex - CS4130: 128 duplex/256 simplex KEY METRICS Logic area: ~20K gates Operating Frequency: 2-49 MHz4 Memory: 4.5-288 Kbits Single-Port SRAM3 209 Kbits Dual-Port SRAM (CS4180) Total Die Area5 - 0.32 mm2 (CS4110) - 0.41 mm2 (CS4120) - CS4180: 512 duplex/1024 simplex1 - 0.51 mm2 (CS4125) - CS4190: 512 duplex/1024 simplex2 CS4191: 1024 duplex/2048 simplex - 0.73 mm2 (CS4130) - 2.3 mm2 (CS4190TK) - 4.3 mm2 (CS4191TK) Online configurable for Different Compression Rates, -law and A-law for each Encoding or Decoding Channel Burst Mode or Continuous Operation Ease of integration - Simple core interface for easy integration into larger systems. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. APPLICATIONS Wireless Communications - DECT phones - Digital cellular Satellite Communications Wired Telecommunications - Video conferencing - Voicemail systems - PBXs Programmable logic version of the CS4180 and CS4180 support 384 duplex/768 simplex channels, and the ASIC version of CS4180 supports 512 duplex/1024 simplex channels. Refers to ASIC version. Programmable logic version supports 384 duplex/768 simplex channels (CSC4190XE) or 256 duplex/512 simplex channels (CSC4190AA). Applies to CS4110-30 and CS4190. Amount of memory is dependent upon the maximum number of channels supported. For example, the 8 duplex channel CSO4110 uses 4.48 Kbits while the 128 duplex channel CSO4130 uses 71.68 Kbits. Operating frequency is dependent upon the maximum number of channels supported. For example, the 8 duplex channel CS4110 runs at 2.048 MHz (min.) while the 128 duplex channel CS4130 runs at 32.768 MHz minimum. Calculation assumes logic density of 90K gates/mm2; SRAM density of 150 Kbits/mm2 plus 20% area overhead for memory peripheral circuitry. Amphion continues to expand its family of application-specific cores See http://www.amphion.com for a current list of products 1 CS4100 ADPCM Speech Coders SPEECH COMPRESSION In digital communications systems, speech coding (compression and decompression) is used to reduce the bit rate of a speech signal with no, or minimal, noticeable degradation. Without such coding, the typical voice channel would require 12-bit precision at a sampling rate of 8000 times per second, equivalent to a data rate of 96 Kbits/second. As the ear is less sensitive to errors at high volume levels than at low volumes, logarithmic quantization can reduce this data rate to 64 Kbits/second with very little degradation; standard techniques are the European A-law PCM and the American law PCM, both found in the CCITT G.711 standard. The data rate can be further reduced through the use of ADPCM, which transmits only the error between the actual signal and an adaptively predicted signal. The current standards, G.726 and G.727, support data rates of 40 Kbits/second down to as little as 16 Kbits/second. The CS4100 cores are designed to provide up to 1024 duplex channels of speech coding respectively, compliant with the G.726 and G.727 standards as well as the extensions found in G.726a and G.727a. The cores are capable of processing both burst and continuous data streams, with the flexibility to assign any channel to encode or decode arbitrarily. The implementation is low latency (ranging from 1 clock cycle in the CS4180 to 16 clock cycles in the CS4110-30) and the simple core interface allows easy integration into larger systems. CS4100 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION The Amphion ADPCM core consists of 5 primary sections: an ADPCM transcoding engine, logarithmic PCM/uniform PCM expander, uniform PCM/logarithmic PCM compressor, channel configuration and control, and coding states storage memory, as illustrated in Figure 1. The core operates on one input sample at a time, using 1, 6 or 16 clock cycles1 to complete the encoding or decoding. Multichannel coding is implemented on time-multiplexing basis. The input/output channel multiplexing and serial to/from parallel conversion circuitry may be added to suit the target system as required. The CS4100 cores have two channel addressing modes: the flexible mode and the duplex mode2. In the duplex mode, half of the channels are set to encode and half to decode. The flexible mode allows each channel to be set, and reset, individually. Within each of these modes the core can encode data from three types of PCM format, as specified by ITU standard G.711, to 2, 3, 4 or 5-bit ADPCM format. These are 8bit -law or A-law logarithmic PCM, 14-bit -law uniform PCM or 13-bit A-law uniform PCM. The core can also decode data from the 2, 3, 4 or 5-bit ADPCM format to the three types of PCM format. 1. 2. 3. 2 The cores are on-line configurable in terms of compression rate and PCM law3 and allow on-the-fly selection of PCM/ uniform PCM input/output. Each member of Amphion's ADPCM family has been tested and verified to be fully compliant using the ITU standard test vectors. LOGARITHMIC PCM/UNIFORM PCM EXPANDER This block converts the input PCM signal from 8-bit A or law logarithmic PCM format to a 13-bit A-law or 14-bit -law uniform PCM signal. This decoding is performed according to the G.711 standard. LOGARITHMIC PCM/UNIFORM PCM COMPRESSOR This block converts the output PCM signal from either 13-bit A-law or 14-bit -law uniform PCM format to an 8-bit A- or law logarithmic PCM signal. This encoding is performed according to the G.711 standard. ADPCM TRANSCODING ENGINE The primary encoding and decoding operations of the CS4100 ASVC take place within the ADPCM transcoding engine. When encoding, the difference between the uniform PCM input signal with a prediction of this signal is calculated. The difference signal is then passed to an adaptive quantizer where 5, 4, 3 or 2 binary digits are assigned as its value, following the quantization methods stipulated by the G.726 or G.727 standards. The result is the ADPCM signal for transmission. The current ADPCM signal is then used to predict the next signal estimate. It is fed to an inverse adaptive quantizer and the output is added to the current input signal estimate to determine the reconstructed version of the input signal. This signal and the output of the adaptive quantizer are then used by the adaptive predictor to determine the estimate of the next input signal, which is then fed back to determine the next difference signal. When decoding, the reverse procedure is performed. First, the ADPCM signal is inversely quantized; then the resulting signal is added to a prediction of this signal, forming a reconstructed signal. The inversely quantized signal and the reconstructed signal are used by the adaptive predictor to determine the signal estimate for the next iteration. This reconstructed signal is converted to a PCM signal before passing through an additional block needed for synchronous coding adjustment. This block prevents cumulative distortion occurring on synchronous tandem codings. This is when the signal is converted from PCM to ADPCM to PCM and back to ADPCM. The idea is that when the PCM signal is converted the resulting ADPCM signal is the same at every stage. The output PCM signal from this block is the resulting decoded output of the codec. 16 clock cycles in the CS4110-30 cores, 1 clock cycle in the CS4180 and 6 clock cycles in the CS4190/91. The CS4180 operates in the flexible mode only. Compression rate and PCM law are selected on-the-fly in the CS4180. TM G726 Data input Coding control EW PCM EDC A-law/ -law Logarithmic PCM input PCM input Expander S DSS Reset & Configuration CFG RST CLR CHN Uniform/ non-uniform A-law/ -law CLK MODE** Uniform/ non-uniform Data output I Mux ADPCM Engine Uniform PCM input ADPCM output signal Uniform PCM output signal ID PCM output Compressor ADPCM input signal Mux PCM output signal Logarithmic PCM output signal STE* SD BSY** ESI** Memory DSI** Status outputs *Scan Test Enable - only for the ASIC implementation **Does not apply to CS4180 Figure 1: Input/Outputs for the Amphion ADPCM Cores CODING STATES STORAGE MEMORY The ADPCM algorithm requires from 279 to 283 bit states1 for each encoding or decoding channel (i.e., 558 to 566 bits per duplex channel). These states are stored in the memory of the ADPCM core. To reduce the width of the data bus in the CS4110-30 and to enable the core to complete an encoding or decoding operation in 16 clock cycles, the memory is organized as 71 bits wide. This enables storage of a channel in 4 words, or 8 words for a duplex channel. In the CS4180 and CS4190/91, the memory is organized as 279 or 282 bits wide (respectively) by N words (where N is the number of channels), allowing compete encoding or decoding operations in 1 (CS4180) or 6 (CS4190/91) clock cycles. Total memory requirements for the members of the CS4100 family are found in Table 1. In the CS4110-30 ASVCs, the core reads the coding states from the memory in the first 4 clock cycles of the 16 clock cycle operation period. In the last 4 clock cycles, the core writes the update states back to the memory. In the CS4180, all memory operations take place in 1 clock cycle; in the CS4190/91, these memory read and write operations take 1 clock cycle each of the 6 clock cycle operation period. Table 1: Input/Output Descriptions PRODUCT NUMBER 1. MEMORY REQUIREMENT CS4110 4.544 Kbits CS4120 18.176 Kbits CS4125 36.352 Kbits CS4130 72.704 Kbits CS4180 209.250 Kbits CS4190 288.768 Kbits CS4191 577.536 Kbits The CS4110-30 use 283 bit states per channel, the CS4180 uses 279 and the CS4190 and 4191 use 282. 3 CS4100 ADPCM Speech Coders CONFIGURATION AND CONTROL ENCODING/DECODING OPERATION The 8-bit wide CFG bus determines the compression rate and law for each channel. The function of each bit is listed in Table 2. Note that the top 4 bits are only used in the duplex mode and specify the law and compression rate for encoding; note that these bits do not apply to the CS4180. Encoding or decoding of one data sample is started by asserting the data strobe signal (DSS). The input select signal EDC defines whether the core performs an encoding or a decoding operation. When EDC is HIGH, the core performs encoding and the input S is taken. When EDC is LOW the core will decode and the input ID is taken. Input signal PCM specifies the type of encoding input data and decoding output data, and input CHN specifies the channel the data belongs to, as described in the previous sections. The input signal G726 is used to specify whether the G.726 or G.727 is in use; when high the core operates per the G.726 standard, low indicates G.727. Duplex (that is, the channels are split evenly between encode and decode) and flexible channel addressing modes are selected via the static MODE input. When MODE is high, the core operates in duplex mode and when MODE is low the core operates in the flexible mode. In the latter case, each channel can operate as either an encoding or a decoding channel. Note that the CS4180 operates in the flexible mode only. The ADPCM core requires 1, 6 or 16 clock cycles (in the CS4180, CS4190/91 and CS4110-30, respectively) to complete an encoding or decoding operation for one data sample and the output indicator BSY is de-asserted after the rising edge of the 6th (or 16th) cycle (note: the output indicator BSY does not apply to the CS4180, which completes all operations in a single clock cycle). DSS can then be asserted after the rising edge to start the next operation. The encoding and decoding timing diagrams are depicted in Figure 3 and Figure 4, respectively, for the CS4110-30 and Figures 5 and 6 for the CS4190/91. The CS4180 completes all operations in a single clock cycle. Table 2: Codec Configuration Control Word CFG BITS DESCRIPTION CONTROL CHOICE Control Values [7] Selects either A-law or -law for encoding in the duplex mode [6] Controls whether even bit inversion/all bit inversion is performed for A-law/-law encoding operations in the duplex mode 0 1 -law A-law Even bit inversion performed for A-law No bit inversion All bit inversion performed for -law Control Values [5:4] Controls the number of bits in the ADPCM output word when encoding in the duplex mode 00 01 10 11 2 bits 3 bits 4 bits 5 bits Control Values [3] [2] Selects either A-law or -law for decoding in the duplex mode or encoding/decoding in the flexible mode Controls whether even bit inversion/all bit inversion is performed for A-law/-law decoding operations in the duplex mode or encoding/decoding in the flexible mode Control Values [1:0] 4 Controls the number of bits in the ADPCM output word when encoding in the duplex mode or the number of bits in the ADPCM input word and the ADPCM output word in the flexible mode. 0 1 -law A-law Even bit inversion performed for A-law No bit inversion All bit inversion performed for -law 00 01 10 11 2 bits 3 bits 4 bits 5 bits TM For the CS4110-30 and CS4190/91, it should be noted that: signal returns to `1'. Both the signals are set to `1' after reset and before the first input. * The core should be configured before an encoding or decoding operation is started. * When core busy indicator BSY is HIGH, asserting the control signal DSS is ignored. CHANNEL SELECTION * Other input control signals, namely, EDC, CHN, PCM, G726 and EW, are latched on the clock rising edge when DSS is HIGH and BSY is LOW. * Input data S and ID are also latched on the clock rising edge when DSS is HIGH and BSY is LOW. * The output data is registered. * The encoding status indicator ESI indicates the internal encoding state of the core. When it goes to LOW, the core has completed the predictor state update. When it returns to HIGH, the encoding output is available. The CHN input specifies the channel with which the input data is associated when the core is performing a coding operation or with which the CFG word is applied when the core is performing channel reset and configuration. In the flexible mode, one channel is either encoding or decoding and the channel number is fully specified by CHN. * The decoding status indicator (DSI) indicates the internal decoding state of the core. When it goes to LOW, the core has completed the predictor state update. When it returns to HIGH, the decoding output is available. * When an encoding or decoding operation is completed, signal BSY returns to LOW and the core waits for DSS to be asserted to start the next operation. * Encoding and decoding can be performed in any order. Output signals encode status indicator (ESI) and decode status indicator (DSI) indicate the encoding and decoding status, respectively. From the cycle when the codec picks up the input data, ESI or DSI goes to `0'. In the cycle when the encoding/decoding output is available, the corresponding GLOBAL RESET AND CONFIGURATION The asynchronous global reset signal, RST, resets all the channels and configures them with the same compression rate and PCM law; reset is activated when RST is asserted. RST also resets all the registers in the core and interrupts the encoding/decoding operation the core is performing. Global configuration of the core is performed using the CFG input as described earlier. The reset and configuration process starts on the first rising clock edge after RST has been de-asserted and continues for either 4*N cycles (CS4110-30) or N cycles (CS4180-90), where N is the number of simplex channels (where each duplex channel is considered as two simplex channels). Reset occurs in 1 clock cycle for the CS4180. PIN/PORT DESCRIPTION Table 3 describes the input and output ports (shown graphically in Figure 2) of the CS4590 ADPCM codec. Unless otherwise stated, all signals are active high and bit(0) is the least significant bit. S[13:0] ID[4:0] CHN[5:0] for CS4120 G726 MODE* PCM EW[1:0] CFG[7:0] CHN[6:0] for CS4125 CHN CHN[7:0] for CS4130 EDC DSS CHN[3:0] for CS4110 CHN[9:0] for CS4180/CS4190 CHN[10:0] for CS4191 CS4100 ADPCM I[4:0] SD[13:0] BSY* ESI* DSI* RST CLR CLK STE (Only for ASIC) * Does not apply to CS4180 Figure 2: ADPCM Core Pinouts 5 CS4100 ADPCM Speech Coders Table 3: Input and Output Descriptions Signal I/O Width (Bits) Clk I 1 Clock input, rising edge active RST I 1 Global reset and configuration symbol, active high, asynchronous to clock CLR I MODE (CS4110-30, CS4190/91) I 1 Selects between the two modes of operation for the ADPCM core, the duplex and flexible modes High: duplex mode Low: flexible mode DSS I 1 Input data strobe signal, active high, encoding/decoding is started when asserted and BSY is low I 1 Selects encode or decode operation: High: encode Low: decode I 1 Logarithmic PCM or uniform PCM selection control signal High: logarithmic PCM Low: uniform PCM I 14 Logarithmic or uniform PCM input word for encoding S[13:0]: -law uniform PCM input S[13:1]: A-law uniform PCM input S[7:0]: Logarithmic PCM input ID I 5 ADPCM input word for decoding ID[4:3]: 2 bit ADPCM word, 16 Kbits/sec data rate ID[4:2]: 3 bit ADPCM word, 24 Kbits/sec data rate ID[4:1]: 4 bit ADPCM word, 32 Kbits/sec data rate ID[4:0]: 5 bit ADPCM word, 40 Kbits/sec data rate G726 I 1 Specifies G.726 or G.727 operation High: G.726 standard Low: G.727 standard I 2 Specifies the number of G.727 enhancement bits "00": 0 bits "01": 1 bit "10": 2 bits "11": 3 bits I 4/6/7/8/ 9/10/11 Synchronous individual channel reset and configuration signal, active high EDC PCM S[13:0] EW[1:0] CHN[3-10:0] 6 Description Specifies channel with which the input data is associated when the core is performing coding operation or performing channel reset. Width is 4 bits for CS4110, 6 bits for CS4120, 7 bits for CS4125 and 8 bits for CS4130 Duplex mode: one channel encoding/decoding, channel number specified by: CHN[3:1] for the CS4110 core CHN[5:1] for the CS4120 core CHN[6:1] for the CS4125 core CHN[7:1] for the CS4130 core CHN[9:1] for the CS4180 and CS4190 cores CHN[10:1] for the CS4191 core (the LSB is ignored by the core) In the flexible mode, one channel coding is either encoding or decoding and the channel number is fully specified by CHN. TM Table 3: Input and Output Descriptions Signal CFG[7:0] I/O Width (Bits) I 8 Description Channel configuration word defined as: CFG(7): selects either A-law (CFG(7)=1), or -law (CFG(7)=0) for encoding in the duplex mode CFG(6): controls whether even bit inversion is performed for A-law encoding operations. Even bit inversion on the 8-bit PCM input data is performed when CFG(6) is `1' CFG(5:4): controls the number of bits in the ADPCM output word when encoding in the duplex mode Encoding compress rates: 00 = 16 Kbit/s 01 = 24 Kbit/s 10 = 32 Kbit/s 11 = 40 Kbit/s CFG(3): selects either A-law (CFG(3)=1), or -law (CFG(3)=0) for decoding in the duplex mode or encoding/decoding in the flexible mode CFG(2): controls whether even bit inversion is performed for A-law decoding operations in the duplex mode or encoding/decoding in the flexible mode. Even bit inversion on the 8-bit PCM input data or the 8-bit PCM output data is performed when CFG(2) is `1' CFG(1:0): controls the number of bits in the ADPCM output word when encoding in the duplex mode or the number of bits in the ADPCM input word and the ADPCM output word in the flexible mode Decoding compress rates: 00 = 16 Kbit/s 01 = 24 Kbit/s 10 = 32 Kbit/s 11 = 40 Kbit/s I[4:0] O 5 ADPCM output word I[4:3]: 2 bit ADPCM output, 16 Kbit/s I[4:2]: 3 bit ADPCM output, 24 Kbit/s I[4:1]: 4 bit ADPCM output, 32 Kbit/s I[4:0]: 5 bit ADPCM output, 40 Kbit/s SD[13:0] O 14 Logarithmic or uniform PCM output word from decoding SD[13:0]: -law uniform PCM output SD[13:1]: A-law uniform PCM output SD[7:0]: Logarithmic PCM output BSY* (CS4110-30, CS4190) O 1 Core busy indicator, active high, DSS is ignored when BSY is active ESI* (CS4110-30, CS4190) O 1 Encoding status indicator DSI* (CS4110-30, CS4190) O 1 Decoding status indicator STE I 1 Scan test enable (ASIC only) During scan test the memory block must be bypassed to perform the test During test, STE is set high, bypassing the memory. During normal operation of the core, STE is low * Does not apply to CS4180 7 CS4100 ADPCM Speech Coders CS4110-30 Timing 1 CLK DSS EDC PCM G726 EW CHN S BSY ESI I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 clock cycles Figure 3: Encoding Timing Characteristics of the CS4110-30 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 CLK DSS EDC PCM G726 EW CHN ID BSY DSI SD 16 clock cycles Figure 4: Decoding Timing Characteristics of the CS4110-30 8 11 12 13 14 15 16 16 TM CS4190/CS4191 Timing CLK DSS EDC PCM G726 EW CHN S BSY ESI I 6 clock cycles Figure 5: Encoding Timing - CS4190/CS4191 CLK DSS EDC PCM G726 EW CHN ID BSY DSI SD 6 clock cycles Figure 6: Decoding Timing - CS4190/CS4191 9 CS4100 ADPCM Speech Coders AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION INFORMATION ASIC CORES For applications that require the high performance, low cost and high integration of an ASIC, Amphion delivers application specific silicon cores that are pre-optimized to a targeted silicon technology by Amphion experts. Choose from off-the-shelf versions of the CS4100 family available for many popular ASIC and foundry silicon supplier technologies or Amphion can port the cores to a technology of your choice. Consult your local Amphion representative for product specific performance information, current availability of individual products, and lead times on ASIC core porting. Table 4: CS4100 Family - ASIC Cores PRODUCT ID# SILICON VENDOR PRODUCT NAME/PROCESS PERFORMANCE CS4110TK TSMC 180nm using Artisan standard cell libraries 8 duplex channels at 2.048 MHz 19.6K 0.12 Now CS4120TK TSMC 180nm using Artisan standard cell libraries 32 duplex channels at 8.192 MHz 19.8K 0.20 Now CS4125TK TSMC 180nm using Artisan standard cell libraries 64 duplex channels at 16.384 MHz 19.8K 0.31 Now CS4130TK TSMC 180nm using Artisan standard cell libraries 128 duplex channels at 32.768 MHz 19.8K 0.52 Now CS4190TK TSMC 180nm using Artisan standard cell libraries 512 duplex channels at 49.152 MHz 26.7K 2.05 Now CS4191TK TSMC 180nm using Artisan standard cell libraries 1024 duplex channels at 98.304 MHz 26.7K 4.1 Now MEMORY AREA AVAILABILITY (mm2)* * Based on an SRAM density of 150 Kbits/mm2 plus 20% area overhead peripheral circuitry 10 LOGIC GATES TM PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CORES For ASIC prototyping or for projects requiring fast time-to-market of a programmable logic solution, Amphion programmable logic cores offer the silicon-aware performance tuning found in all Amphion products, combined with the rapid design times offered by today's leading programmable logic solutions. Table 5: CS4100 Family - Programmable Logic Cores PRODUCT ID# SILICON VENDOR PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC PRODUCT PERFORMANCE DEVICE RESOURCES USED AVAILABILITY CS4110AA Altera Apex 20K FPGA 8 duplex channels at 2.048 MHz 4294 Logic Elements 11 ESB Now CS4110XV Xilinx Virtex FPGA 8 duplex channels at 2.048 MHz 1669 SLICEs 5 Block RAMs Now CS4120AA Altera Apex 20K FPGA 32 duplex channels at 8.192 MHz 4302 Logic Elements 16 ESB Now CS4120XV Xilinx Virtex FPGA 32 duplex channels at 8.192 MHz 1688 SLICEs 5 Block RAMs Now CS4125AA Altera Apex 20K FPGA 64 duplex channels at 16.384 MHz 4307 Logic Elements 24 ESB Now CS4125XV Xilinx Virtex FPGA 64 duplex channels at 16.384 MHz 1869 SLICEs 9 Block RAMs Now CS4180AA Altera Apex 20K FPGA 384 duplex channels at 6.144 MHz 6110 Logic Elements 149 ESB Now CS4180XE Xilinx Virtex-E FPGA 384 duplex channels at 6.144 MHz 2453 SLICEs* 70 Block RAMs Now CS4180X2 Xilinx Virtex-II FPGA 512 duplex channels at 8.192 MHz 2439 SLICEs 16 Block RAMs 16s Now *Not all the resources of every slice are used. 11 CS4100 ADPCM Speech Coders ABOUT AMPHION Amphion (formerly Integrated Silicon Systems) is the leading supplier of speech coding, video/ image processing and channel coding application specific silicon cores for system-on-a-chip (SoC) solutions in the broadband, wireless, and mulitmedia markets. Web: www.amphion.com Email: info@amphion.com TM s Virtual Components for the Converging World CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS Amphion Semiconductor Ltd 50 Malone Road Belfast BT9 5BS Northern Ireland, UK WORLDWIDE SALES & MARKETING Amphion Semiconductor, Inc 2001 Gateway Place, Suite 130W San Jose, CA 95110 Tel: Fax: Tel: Fax: +44.28.9050.4000 +44.28.9050.4001 (408) 441 1248 (408) 441 1239 EUROPEAN SALES Amphion Semiconductor Ltd CBXII, West Wing 382-390 Midsummer Boulevard Central Milton Keynes MK9 2RG England, UK CANADA & EAST COAST US SALES Amphion Semiconductor, Inc Montreal Quebec Canada Tel: Fax: Tel: Fax: +44 1908 847109 +44 1908 847580 (450) 455 5544 (450) 455 5543 SALES AGENTS Voyageur Technical Sales Inc 1 Rue Holiday Tour Est, Suite 501 Point Claire, Quebec Canada H9R 5N3 Phoenix T echnologies Ltd 3 Gavish Street Kfar-Saba, 44424 Israel SPINNAKER SYSTEMS INC Hatchobori SF Bldg. 5F 3-12-8 Hatchobori, Chuo-ku Tokyo 104-0033 Japan Tel: Fax: T el: Fax: Tel: Fax: (905) 672 0361 (905) 677 4986 +972 9 7644 800 +972 9 7644 801 JASONTECH, INC Hansang Building, Suite 300 Bangyidong 181-3, Songpaku Seoul Korea 138-050 SPS-DA PTE LTD 21 Science Park Rd #03-19 The Aquarius Singapore Science P ark II Singapore 117628 Tel: Fax: T el: Fax: +82 2 420 6700 +82 2 420 8600 +81 3 3551 2275 +81 3 3351 2614 +65 774 9070 +65 774 9071 (c) 2001-02 Amphion Semiconductor Ltd. All rights reserved. Amphion, the Amphion logo,"Virtual Components for the Converging World", are trademarks of Amphion Semiconductor Ltd. All others are the property of their respective owners. 12 05/02 Publication #: DS4100 v1.2