LM199AH-20 - National Semiconductor

LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999

Precision Reference

General Description

The LM199 series are precision, temperature-stabilized

monolithic zeners offering temperature coefficients a factor

of ten better than high quality reference zeners. Constructed

on a single monolithic chip is a temperature stabilizer circuit

and an active reference zener. The active circuitry reduces

the dynamic impedance of the zener to about 0.5Ωand al-

lows the zener to operate over 0.5 mA to 10 mA current

range with essentially no change in voltage or temperature

coefficient. Further, a new subsurface zener structure gives

low noise and excellent long term stability compared to ordi-

nary monolithic zeners. The package is supplied with a ther-

mal shield to minimize heater power and improve tempera-

ture regulation.

The LM199 series references are exceptionally easy to use

and free of the problems that are often experienced with or-

dinary zeners. There is virtually no hysteresis in reference

voltage with temperature cycling. Also, the LM199 is free of

voltage shifts due to stress on the leads. Finally, since the

unit is temperature stabilized, warm up time is fast.

The LM199 can be used in almost any application in place of

ordinary zeners with improved performance. Some ideal ap-

plications are analog to digital converters, calibration stan-

dards, precision voltage or current sources or precision

power supplies. Further in many cases the LM199 can re-

place references in existing equipment with a minimum of

wiring changes.

The LM199 series devices are packaged in a standard her-

metic TO-46 package inside a thermal shield. The LM199 is

rated for operation from −55˚C to +125˚C while the LM299 is

rated for operation from −25˚C to +85˚C and the LM399 is

rated from 0˚C to +70˚C.

The LM3999 is packaged in a standard TO-92 package and

is rated from 0˚C to +70˚C

Features

nGuaranteed 0.0001%/˚C temperature coefficient

nLow dynamic impedance — 0.5Ω

nInitial tolerance on breakdown voltage — 2%

nSharp breakdown at 400 µA

nWide operating current — 500 µA to 10 mA

nWide supply range for temperature stabilizer

nGuaranteed low noise

nLow power for stabilization — 300 mW at 25˚C

nLong term stability — 20 ppm

nProven reliability, low-stress packaging in TO-46

integrated-circuit hermetic package, for low hysteresis

after thermal cycling. 33 million hours MTBF at T

+25˚C (T

=+86˚C)

nCertified long term stability available

nMIL-STD-883 compliant

Connection Diagrams

Metal Can Package (TO-46)

DS005717-14

Top View

LM199/LM299/LM399 (See Table on fourth page)

NS Package Number H04D

Plastic Package TO-92

DS005717-10

Bottom View

LM3999 (See Table on fourth page)

NS Package Number Z03A

May 1999

LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999 Precision Reference

Functional Block Diagrams

LM199/LM299/LM399

DS005717-15

LM3999

DS005717-11

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Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)

Specifications for Military/Aerospace products are not

contained in this datasheet. Refer to the following Reli-

ability Electrical Test Specifications documents:

RETS199X for LM199, RETS199AX for LM199A.

Temperature Stabilizer Voltage

LM199/LM299/LM399 40V

LM3999 36V

Reverse Breakdown Current 20 mA

Forward Current

LM199/LM299/LM399 1 mA

LM3999 −0.1 mA

Reference to Substrate Voltage V

(RS)

(Note 2) 40V

−0.1V

Operating Temperature Range

LM199 −55˚C to +125˚C

LM299 −25˚C to +85˚C

LM399/LM3999 −0˚C to +70˚C

Storage Temperature Range −55˚C to +150˚C

Soldering Information

TO-92 package (10 sec.) +260˚C

TO-46 package (10 sec.) +300˚C

Electrical Characteristics (Notes 3, 6)

Parameter Conditions LM199H/LM299H LM399H Units

Min Typ Max Min Typ Max

Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.5 mA ≤I

≤10 mA 6.8 6.95 7.1 6.6 6.95 7.3 V

Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.5 mA ≤I

≤10 mA 6 9 6 12 mV

Change with Current

Reverse Dynamic Impedance I

=1 mA 0.5 1 0.5 1.5 Ω

Reverse Breakdown −55˚C≤T

≤+85˚C LM199 0.00003 0.0001 %/˚C

Temperature Coefficient +85˚C≤T

≤+125˚C 0.0005 0.0015 %/˚C

−25˚C≤T

≤85˚C LM299 0.00003 0.0001 %/˚C

0˚C≤T

≤+70˚C LM399 0.00003 0.0002 %/˚C

RMS Noise 10 Hz ≤f≤10 kHz 7 20 7 50 µV

Long Term Stability Stabilized, 22˚C≤T

≤28˚C, 20 20 ppm

1000 Hours, I

=1mA

0.1%

Temperature Stabilizer T

=25˚C, Still Air, V

=30V 8.5 14 8.5 15 mA

Supply Current T

=− 55˚C 22 28

Temperature Stabilizer 9 40 9 40 V

Supply Voltage

Warm-Up Time to 0.05%V

=30V, T

=25˚C 3 3 sec.

Initial Turn-on Current 9≤V

≤40, T

=+25˚C, (Note 4) 140 200 140 200 mA

Note 1: “Absolute Maximum Ratings” indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is

functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits.

Electrical Characteristics (Note 3)

Parameter Conditions LM3999Z Units

Min Typ Max

Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.6 mA ≤I

≤10 mA 6.6 6.95 7.3 V

Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.6 mA ≤I

≤10 mA 6 20 mV

Change with Current

Reverse Dynamic Impedance I

=1 mA 0.6 2.2 Ω

Reverse Breakdown 0˚C ≤T

≤70˚C 0.0002 0.0005 %/˚C

Temperature Coefficient

RMS Noise 10 Hz ≤f≤10 kHz 7 µV

Long Term Stability Stabilized, 22˚C ≤T

≤28˚C, 20 ppm

1000 Hours, I

=1mA±

0.1%

Temperature Stabilizer T

=25˚C, Still Air, V

=30V 12 18 mA

Temperature Stabilizer 36 V

Supply Voltage

Warm-Up Time to 0.05%V

=30V, T

=25˚C 5 sec.

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Electrical Characteristics (Note 3) (Continued)

Parameter Conditions LM3999Z Units

Min Typ Max

Initial Turn-On Current 9 ≤V

≤40, T

=25˚C 140 200 mA

Electrical Characteristics (Notes 3, 6)

Parameter Conditions LM199AH, LM299AH LM399AH Units

Min Typ Max Min Typ Max

Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.5 mA ≤I

≤10 mA 6.8 6.95 7.1 6.6 6.95 7.3 V

Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.5 mA ≤I

≤10 mA 6 9 6 12 mV

Change with Current

Reverse Dynamic Impedance I

=1 mA 0.5 1 0.5 1.5 Ω

Reverse Breakdown −55˚C≤T

≤+85˚C LM199A 0.00002 0.00005 %/˚C

Temperature Coefficient +85˚C≤T

≤+125˚C 0.0005 0.0010 %/˚C

−25˚C≤T

≤85˚C LM299A 0.00002 0.00005 %/˚C

0˚C≤T

≤+70˚C LM399A 0.00003 0.0001 %/˚C

RMS Noise 10 Hz ≤f≤10 kHz 7 20 7 50 µV

Long Term Stability Stabilized, 22˚C≤T

≤28˚C, 20 20 ppm

1000 Hours, I

=1mA

0.1%

Temperature Stabilizer T

=25˚C, Still Air, V

=30V 8.5 14 8.5 15 mA

Supply Current T

=− 55˚C 22 28

Temperature Stabilizer 9 40 9 40 V

Supply Voltage

Warm-Up Time to 0.05%V

=30V, T

=25˚C 3 3 sec.

Initial Turn-on Current 9≤V

≤40, T

=+25˚C, (Note 4) 140 200 140 200 mA

Note 2: The substrate is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the temperature stabilizer. The voltage that can be applied to either terminal of the refer-

ence is 40V more positive or 0.1V more negative than the substrate.

Note 3: These specifications apply for 30V applied to the temperature stabilizer and −55˚C≤TA≤+125˚C for the LM199; −25˚C≤TA≤+85˚C for the LM299 and

0˚C≤TA≤+70˚C for the LM399 and LM3999.

Note 4: This initial current can be reduced by adding an appropriate resistor and capacitor to the heater circuit. See the performance characteristic graphs to de-

termine values.

Note 5: Do not wash the LM199 with its polysulfone thermal shield in TCE.

Note 6: A military RETS electrical test specification is available for the LM199H/883, LM199AH/883, and LM199AH-20/883 on request.

Ordering Information

Initial 0˚C to +70˚C −25˚C to +85˚C −55˚C to +125˚C NS

Tolerance Package

2%LM299AH LM199AH, LM199AH/883 H04D

5%LM399H LM299H H04D

LM399AH

5%LM3999Z Z03A

Certified Long Term Drift

The National Semiconductor LM199AH-20, LM299AH-20,

and LM399AH-50 are ultra-stable Zener references specially

selected from the production runs of LM199AH, LM299AH,

LM399AH and tested to confirm a long-term stability of 20,

20, or 50 ppm per 1000 hours, respectively. The devices are

measured every 168 hours and the voltage of each device is

logged and compared in such a way as to show the deviation

from its initial value. Each measurement is taken with a

probable-worst-case deviation of ±2 ppm, compared to the

Reference Voltage, which is derived from several groups of

NBS-traceable references such as LM199AH-20’s, 1N827’s,

and saturated standard cells, so that the deviation of any one

group will not cause false indications. Indeed, this compari-

son process has recently been automated using a specially

prepared computer program which is custom-designed to re-

ject noisy data (and require a repeat reading) and to record

the average of the best 5 of 7 readings, just as a sagacious

standards engineer will reject unbelievable readings.

The typical characteristic for the LM199AH-20 is shown be-

low. This computerized print-out form of each reference’s

stability is shipped with the unit.

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Typical Characteristics

National Semiconductor

Certified Long Term Drift

Hrs Drift

168 −20

336 −24

504 −36

672 −34

840 −40

1008 −36

Testing Conditions

Heater Voltage: 30V

Zener Current: 1 mA

Ambient Temp.: 25˚C

Typical Performance Characteristics

DS005717-12

Reverse Characteristics

DS005717-19

Reverse Voltage Change

DS005717-20

Dynamic Impedance

DS005717-21

Zener Noise Voltage

DS005717-22

Stabilization Time

DS005717-23

Heater Current

DS005717-24

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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)

Typical Applications

Initial Heater Current

DS005717-25

Heater Current (To Limit This

Surge, See Next Graph)

DS005717-26

Heater Surge Limit Resistor vs

Minimum Supply Voltage at Various

Minimum Temperatures

DS005717-27

*Heater must be bypassed witha2µForlarger

tantalum capacitor if resistors are used.

Low Frequency Noise Voltage

DS005717-3

Response Time

DS005717-7

Single Supply Operation

DS005717-28

Split Supply Operation

DS005717-29

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Typical Applications (Continued)

Negative Heater Supply with

Positive Reference

DS005717-30

Buffered Reference

With Single Sypply

DS005717-31

Positive Current Source

DS005717-32

Standard Cell Replacement

DS005717-33

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Typical Applications (Continued)

Negative Current Source

DS005717-34

Square Wave Voltage Reference

DS005717-35

Portable Calibrator*

DS005717-36

*Warm-up time 10 seconds; intermittent operation does not degrade long

term stability.

14V Reference

DS005717-37

Precision Clamp*

DS005717-38

*Clamp will sink 5 mA when input goes more positive than reference

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Typical Applications (Continued)

0V to 20V Power Reference

DS005717-39

Bipolar Output Reference

DS005717-40

Voltage Reference

DS005717-9

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Schematic Diagrams

Temperature Stabilizer

DS005717-1

Reference

DS005717-13

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Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted

Order Number LM299H, LM399H, LM199AH, LM199AH/883

LM299AH or LM399AH

NS Package H04D

Plastic Package

Order Number LM3999Z

NS Package Z03A

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Notes

LIFE SUPPORT POLICY

NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT

DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL

COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein:

1. Life support devices or systems are devices or

systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant

into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and

whose failure to perform when properly used in

accordance with instructions for use provided in the

labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a

significant injury to the user.

2. A critical component is any component of a life

support device or system whose failure to perform

can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of

the life support device or system, or to affect its

safety or effectiveness.

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www.national.com

LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999 Precision Reference

National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.