Programmable Shunt Regulator LM431SA, LM431SB, LM431SC Description The LM431SA / LM431SB / LM431SC are three-terminal the output adjustable regulators with thermal stability over operating temperature range. The output voltage can be set any value between VREF (approximately 2.5 V) and 36 V with two external resistors. These devices have a typical dynamic output impedance of 0.2 W. Active output circuit provides a sharp turn-on characteristic, making these devices excellent replacement for zener diodes in many applications. www.onsemi.com 1 SOT-89 CASE 528AH Features * * * * * * * * 1. Ref 2. Anode 3. Cathode 3 Programmable Output Voltage to 36 V Low Dynamic Output Impedance: 0.2 W (Typical) Sink Current Capability: 1.0 to 100 mA Equivalent Full-Range Temperature Coefficient of 50 ppm/C (Typical) Temperature Compensated for Operation Over Full Rated Operating Temperature Range Low Output Noise Voltage Fast Turn-on Response These Devices are Pb-Free, Halogen Free/BFR Free and are RoHS Compliant 2 1 1. Cathode 2. Ref 3. Anode SOT-23FL CASE 318AB 3 1 2 SOT-23 CASE 318BM M32 1. Ref 2. Cathode 3. Anode M3 1. Cathode 2. Ref 3. Anode ORDERING INFORMATION Product Number Output Voltage Tolerance Operating Temperature Top Mark(1) Package Shipping LM431SACMFX 2% -25 to +85_C Tape and Reel 43A SOT-23FL 3L LM431SACM3X 43L SOT-23 3L LM431SACM32X 43G SOT-23 3L 1% 43B SOT-89 3L LM431SBCMFX LM431SBCMLX 43B SOT-23FL 3L LM431SBCM3X 43M SOT-23 3L 43H SOT-23 3L 43C SOT-89 3L LM431SCCMFX 43C SOT-23FL 3L LM431SCCM3X 43N SOT-23 3L LM431SCCM32X 43J SOT-23 3L 43AI SOT-23FL 3L LM431SBCM32X LM431SCCMLX 0.5% -40 to +85_C LM431SAIMFX 2% LM431SBIMFX 1% 43BI SOT-23FL 3L LM431SCIMFX 0.5% 43CI SOT-23FL 3L For information on tape and reel specifications, including part orientation and tape sizes, please refer to our Tape and Reel Packaging Specification Brochure, BRD8011/D. 1. SOT-23 and SOT-23FL have basically four-character marking except LM431SAIMFX. (3 letters for device code + 1 letter for date code) SOT-23FL date code is composed of 1 digit numeric or alphabetic week code adding bar-type year code. (c) Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2018 March, 2021 - Rev. 9 1 Publication Order Number: LM431SA/D LM431SA, LM431SB, LM431SC Block Diagram Figure 1. Block Diagram ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (TA = 25C unless otherwise noted) Symbol Parameter VKA Cathode Voltage IKA Cathode current Range (Continuous) IREF Reference Input Current Range RJA PD TJ Thermal Resistance Junction-Air (2, 3) Power Dissipation (4, 5) Value Unit 37 V -100 to +150 mA -0.05 to +10.00 mA ML Suffix Package (SOT-89) 220 C/W MF Suffix Package (SOT-23FL) 350 M32, M3 Suffix Package (SOT-23) 400 ML Suffix Package (SOT-89) 560 MF Suffix Package (SOT-23FL) 350 M32, M3 Suffix Package (SOT-23) 310 Junction Temperature TOPR Operating Temperature Range TSTG Storage Temperature Range mW 150 C All products except LM431SAIMFX -25 to +85 LM431SAIMFX, SBIMFX, SCIMFX -40 to +85 C -65 to +150 C Stresses exceeding those listed in the Maximum Ratings table may damage the device. If any of these limits are exceeded, device functionality should not be assumed, damage may occur and reliability may be affected. 2. Thermal resistance test board Size: 1.6 mm x 76.2 mm x 114.3 mm (1S0P) JEDEC Standard: JESD51-3, JESD51-7. 3. Assume no ambient airflow. 4. TJMAX = 150C; ratings apply to ambient temperature at 25C. 5. Power dissipation calculation: PD = (TJ - TA) / RJA. RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS Symbol Parameter Min. Max. Unit VKA Cathode Voltage VREF 36 V IKA Cathode Current 1 100 mA Functional operation above the stresses listed in the Recommended Operating Ranges is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses beyond the Recommended Operating Ranges limits may affect device reliability. www.onsemi.com 2 LM431SA, LM431SB, LM431SC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Note 6, Values are at TA = 25C unless otherwise noted) LM431SA Symbol VREF Parameter Reference Input Voltage Min. Conditions VKA = VREF, IKA = 10 mA DVREF / DVKA IREF Reference Input Current Max. Min. Typ. LM431SC Max. Min. Typ. Max. 2.450 2.500 2.550 2.470 2.495 2.520 2.482 2.495 2.508 SOT-89 Deviation of ReferSOT-23FL VKA = VREF, DVREF / DT ence Input Voltage I = 10 mA KA Over- TemperaTMIN TA TMAX SOT-23 ture Ratio of Change in Reference Input Voltage to the IKA =10 mA Change in Cathode Voltage Typ. LM431SB DVKA = 10 V-VREF Unit V 4.5 17.0 4.5 17.0 4.5 17.0 mV 6.6 24 6.6 24 6.6 24 mV -1.0 -2.7 -1.0 -2.7 -1.0 -2.7 mV/V DVKA = 36 V - 10 V -0.5 -2.0 -0.5 -2.0 -0.5 -2.0 IKA = 10 mA, R1 = 10 KW, R2 = 1.5 4.0 1.5 4.0 1.5 4.0 A Deviation of Refer- IKA = 10 mA, SOT-89 SOT-23FL 0.4 1.2 0.4 1.2 0.4 1.2 A Over Full Temper- R2 = , ature Range TA = Full Range SOT-23 0.8 2.0 0.8 2.0 0.8 2.0 A DIREF / DT ence Input Current R1 = 10 KW, IKA(MIN) Minimum Cathode Current for Regu- VKA = VREF lation 0.45 1.00 0.45 1.00 0.45 1.00 mA IKA(OFF) Off -Stage Cathode Current VKA = 36 V, VREF = 0 0.05 1.00 0.05 1.00 0.05 1.00 A VKA = VREF, IKA = 1 to 100 mA, f 1.0 kHz 0.15 0.50 0.15 0.50 0.15 0.50 W ZKA Dynamic Impedance Product parametric performance is indicated in the Electrical Characteristics for the listed test conditions, unless otherwise noted. Product performance may not be indicated by the Electrical Characteristics if operated under different conditions. 6. LM431SAI, LM431SBI, LM431SCI: - TA(min) = -40_C, TA(max) = +85_C All other pins: - TA(min) = -25_C, TA(max) = +85_C www.onsemi.com 3 LM431SA, LM431SB, LM431SC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Continued) (Notes 7 and 8, Values are at TA = 25C unless otherwise noted) LM431SAI Symbol VREF Parameter Conditions Reference Input Voltage VKA = VREF, IKA = 10 mA Deviation of ReferVREF(dev) ence Input Voltage Over-Temperature DVREF / DVKA IREF LM431SBI LM431SCI Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. 2.450 2.500 2.550 2.470 2.495 2.520 2.482 2.495 2.508 VKA = VREF, IKA = 10 mA, TMIN TA TMAX DVKA = 10 V-VREF Ratio of Change in Reference Input Voltage to Change in Cathode Voltage IKA = 10 mA Reference Input Current IKA = 10 mA, R1 =10 KW, R2 = 5 20 Unit V 5 20 5 20 mV -1.0 -2.7 -1.0 -2.7 -1.0 -2.7 -0.5 -2.0 -0.5 -2.0 -0.5 -2.0 1.5 4.0 1.5 4.0 1.5 4.0 A 0.8 2.0 0.8 2.0 0.8 2.0 A mV/V DVKA = 36 V - 10 V Deviation of ReferIKA = 10 mA, R1 = 10 KW, R2 = , IREF(dev) ence Input Current Over Full Temperature TMIN TA TMAX Range IKA(MIN) Minimum Cathode VKA = VREF Current for Regulation 0.45 1.00 0.45 1.00 0.45 1.00 mA IKA(OFF) Off -Stage Cathode Current VKA = 36 V, VREF = 0 0.05 1.00 0.05 1.00 0.05 1.00 A ZKA Dynamic Impedance VKA = VREF, IKA = 1 to 100 mA, f 1.0 kHz 0.15 0.50 0.15 0.50 0.15 0.50 W 7. LM431SAI, LM431SBI, LM431SCI: - TA(min) = -40_C, TA(max) = +85_C All other pins: - TA(min) = -25_C, TA(max) = +85_C 8. The deviation parameters VREF(dev) and IREF(dev)are defined as the differences between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the rated temperature range. The average full-range temperature coefficient of the reference input voltage, VREF, is defined as: ppm |aV REF| + C V REF(dev) V REF @ 10 (at 25C) 6 where TMAX -TMIN is the rated operating free-air temperature range of the device. T MAX * T MIN aVREF can be positive or negative, depending on whether minimum VREF or maximum VREF, respectively, occurs at the lower temperature. VREF(min) Example: VREF(dev) = 4.5 mV, VREF = 2500 mV at 25C, TMAX -TMIN = 125C for LM431SAI. VREF(dev) VREF(max) |aV REF| + TMAX -TMIN 4.5 mV 2500 mV @ 10 125C 6 + 14.4 ppmC Because minimum VREF occurs at the lower temperature, the coefficient is positive. www.onsemi.com 4 LM431SA, LM431SB, LM431SC TEST CIRCUITS LM431S LM431S Figure 2. Test Circuit for VKA = VREF Figure 3. Test Circuit for VKA . VREF LM431S Figure 4. Test Circuit for IKA(OFF) www.onsemi.com 5 LM431SA, LM431SB, LM431SC TYPICAL APPLICATIONS VO + 1 ) R1 V ref R2 VO + 1 ) R1 V ref R2 LM7805/MC7805 LM431S LM431S Figure 5. Shunt Regulator VO + 1 ) Figure 6. Output Control for Three-Terminal Fixed Regulator R1 V ref R2 LM431S Figure 7. High Current Shunt Regulator LM431S LM431S Figure 9. Constant-Current Sink Figure 8. Current Limit or Current Source www.onsemi.com 6 LM431SA, LM431SB, LM431SC TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 800 TA = 25C 100 50 0 -50 -100 -2 -1 VKA = VREF IK - Cathode Current (mA) VKA = VREF IK, Cathode Current (mA) IK - Cathode Current (mA) 150 0 1 2 600 200 0 0 0.20 3 3.5 Iref - Reference Input Current (mA) 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 -50 150 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TA - Ambient Temperature (C) o , Ambient Temperature C) ( TA -TAmbient Temperature (C) A Figure 13. Reference Input Current vs. Ambient Temperature Figure 12. OFF-State Cathode Current vs. Ambient Temperature 6 60 TA = 25C 50 IKA = 10 mA Voltage Swing (V) Open Loop Voltage Gain (dB) 2 Figure 11. Cathode Current vs. Cathode Voltage 0.18 40 30 20 10 TA = 25C INPUT 5 4 3 OUTPUT 2 1 0 -10 1 VKA - Cathode Voltage (V) Figure 10. Cathode Current vs. Cathode Voltage Ioff - Off-State Cathode Current (mA) IKA(MIN) 400 -200 -1 3 VKA, Cathode Voltage (V) VKA - Cathode Voltage (V) 0.00 -50 TA = 25C 1k 10k 100k Frequency (Hz) 1M 0 10M Frequency (Hz) 0 4 8 12 16 Time (ms) Figure 15. Pulse Response Figure 14. Frequency vs. Small Signal Voltage Amplification www.onsemi.com 7 20 LM431SA, LM431SB, LM431SC 5 4 A. VKA = Vref 120 B. VKA = 5.0 V @ IK = 10 mA A 100 Current (mA) IK - Cathode Current (mA) 140 TA = 25C 80 60 40 3 2 1 20 B 0 100p 1n 10n 100n 1? 0 0.0 10? 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 Anode-Ref. Voltage(V) Anode-Ref. Voltage (V) CL - Load Capacitance Figure 17. Anode-Reference Diode Curve Figure 16. Stability Boundary Conditions 5 2.51 Vref - Reference Input Voltage (V) Cu rrent(mA) Current (mA) 4 3 2 1 0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 Ref.-Cathode Voltage(V) 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.50 2.49 2.48 2.47 2.46 -50 Ref.-Cathode Voltage (V) -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TA - Ambient Temperature (C) Figure 18. Reference-Cathode Diode Curve Figure 19. Reference Input Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature www.onsemi.com 8 MECHANICAL CASE OUTLINE PACKAGE DIMENSIONS SOT23-FL3L CASE 318AB ISSUE O DATE 11 DEC 2020 GENERIC MARKING DIAGRAM* XXXM 1 XXX = Specific Device Code M = Date Code DOCUMENT NUMBER: DESCRIPTION: 98AON27911H SOT23-FL3L *This information is generic. Please refer to device data sheet for actual part marking. Pb-Free indicator, "G" or microdot "G", may or may not be present. Some products may not follow the Generic Marking. Electronic versions are uncontrolled except when accessed directly from the Document Repository. Printed versions are uncontrolled except when stamped "CONTROLLED COPY" in red. 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(c) Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2018 www.onsemi.com MECHANICAL CASE OUTLINE PACKAGE DIMENSIONS SOT-23 CASE 318BM ISSUE O DOCUMENT NUMBER: DESCRIPTION: 98AON13784G SOT-23 DATE 31 AUG 2016 Electronic versions are uncontrolled except when accessed directly from the Document Repository. Printed versions are uncontrolled except when stamped "CONTROLLED COPY" in red. PAGE 1 OF 1 ON Semiconductor and are trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC dba ON Semiconductor or its subsidiaries in the United States and/or other countries. ON Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. ON Semiconductor makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does ON Semiconductor assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. ON Semiconductor does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. (c) Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2019 www.onsemi.com MECHANICAL CASE OUTLINE PACKAGE DIMENSIONS SOT-89 3 LEAD CASE 528AH ISSUE O 1.87 1.45 4.50 3.90 4.70 4.30 C DATE 31 AUG 2016 A C 2.23 MIN 0.50 X 45 0.30 X 45 B 1.40 2.70 2.30 C 1 1.30 0.89 2 CL SYMM 5.30 MIN C 90 3 2.00 MIN 0.52 (2X) C 0.30 0.10 M C A B 0.54 1.50 2 1 0.90 MIN 2X 3.00 1.70 1.30 C 3 0.96 MIN 1.50 3.00 MIN LAND PATTERN RECOMMENDATION SEATING PLANE C 0.35 0.60 0.40 3 C 0.50 0.35 1 2.29 2.13 2.70 NOTES: UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED. A. REFERENCE TO JEDEC TO-243 VARIATION AA. B. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. C DOES NOT COMPLY JEDEC STANDARD VALUE. D. DIMENSIONS ARE EXCLUSIVE OF BURRS, MOLD FLASH AND TIE BAR PROTRUSION. E. DIMENSION AND TOLERANCE AS PER ASME Y14.5-1994. DOCUMENT NUMBER: DESCRIPTION: 98AON13791G SOT-89 3 LEAD Electronic versions are uncontrolled except when accessed directly from the Document Repository. Printed versions are uncontrolled except when stamped "CONTROLLED COPY" in red. PAGE 1 OF 1 ON Semiconductor and are trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC dba ON Semiconductor or its subsidiaries in the United States and/or other countries. ON Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. 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