QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output Features Applications * * * * Telecommunications Data communications Wireless communications Servers, workstations Benefits * High efficiency - no heat sink required * Higher current capability at 70 C than most competitors' 50 A half-bricks * RoHS lead-free solder and lead-solder-exempted products are available * Delivers up to 45 A (150 W) * Industry-standard quarter-brick pinout * On-board input differential LC-filter * Outputs available: 3.3, 2.5, 2.0, 1.8, 1.5, 1.2 & 1.0 V * Start-up into pre-biased load * No minimum load required * Low profile: 0.31" [7.9 mm] * Low weight: 1.1 oz [31.5 g] * Meets Basic Insulation requirements of EN60950 * Withstands 100 V input transient for 100 ms * Fixed-frequency operation * Remote output sense * Fully protected with automatic recovery * Positive or negative logic ON/OFF option * Output voltage trim range: +10%/-20% with industry-standard trim equations (except 1.2 V and 1.0 V outputs with trim range 10%) * High reliability: MTBF = 2.6 million hours, calculated per Telcordia TR-332, Method I Case 1 * UL60950 recognized in US and Canada and DEMKO certified per IEC/EN60950 * Designed to meet Class B conducted emissions per FCC and EN55022 when used with external filter * All materials meet UL94, V-0 flammability rating Description TM The QmaX Series of high current single output dc-dc converters set new standards for thermal performance and power density in the quarter-brick package. TM The 45 A QM48 converters of the QmaX Series provide outstanding thermal performance in high temperature environments that is comparable to or exceeds the industry's leading 50 A half-bricks. This performance is accomplished through the use of patented/patent-pending circuit, packaging, and processing techniques to achieve ultra-high efficiency, excellent thermal management, and a very low-body profile. The low-body profile and the preclusion of heat sinks minimize impedance to system airflow, thus enhancing cooling for both upstream and downstream devices. The use of 100% automation for assembly, coupled with advanced electronic circuits and thermal design, results in a product with extremely high reliability. TM Operating from a 36-75 V input, the QmaX Series converters provide any standard output voltage from 3.3 V down to 1.0 V. Outputs can be trimmed from -20% to +10% of the nominal output voltage (10% for output voltages 1.2 V and 1.0 V), thus providing outstanding design flexibility. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Page 1 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output Electrical Specifications (common to all versions) Conditions: TA = 25 C, Airflow = 300 LFM (1.5 m/s), Vin = 48 VDC, unless otherwise specified. Parameter Notes Absolute Maximum Ratings Input Voltage Operating Ambient Temperature Storage Temperature Input Characteristics Operating Input Voltage Range Input Under Voltage Lockout Turn-on Threshold Turn-off Threshold Input Voltage Transient Continuous Min Typ 0 -40 -55 Max Units 80 85 125 VDC C C 36 48 75 VDC 33 31 34 32 35 33 100 VDC VDC VDC Non-latching 100 ms Isolation Characteristics I/O Isolation Isolation Capacitance Isolation Resistance 2000 VDC nF M 1.4 10 Feature Characteristics Switching Frequency 415 Output Voltage Trim Range1 1 Remote Sense Compensation Output Overvoltage Protection Overtemperature Shutdown (PCB) Auto-Restart Period Turn-On Time ON/OFF Control (Positive Logic) Converter Off (logic low) Converter On (logic high) ON/OFF Control (Negative Logic) Converter Off (logic high) Converter On (logic low) Industry-std. equations (3.3-1.5 V) Use trim equation on Page 4 (1.2-1.0 V) Percent of VOUT(NOM) Non-latching Non-latching Applies to all protection features See Figs. F, G and H -20 +10 kHz % -10 +10 % +10 140 % % C ms ms -20 2.4 0.8 20 VDC VDC 2.4 -20 20 0.8 VDC VDC 117 128 125 100 4 Additional Notes: 1 Vout can be increased up to 10% via the sense leads or up to 10% via the trim function. However, total output voltage trim from all sources should not exceed 10% of VOUT(NOM), in order to ensure specified operation of overvoltage protection circuitry. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Page 36 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output Operations Input and Output Impedance These power converters have been designed to be stable with no external capacitors when used in low inductance input and output circuits. In many applications, the inductance associated with the distribution from the power source to the input of the converter can affect the stability of the converter. The addition of a 33 F electrolytic capacitor with an ESR < 1 across the input helps to ensure stability of the converter. In many applications, the user has to use decoupling capacitance at the load. The power converter will exhibit stable operation with external load capacitance up to 40,000 F on 3.3-1.0 V outputs. Additionally, see the EMC section of this data sheet for discussion of other external components which may be required for control of conducted emissions. of 0.8 V. An external voltage source (20 V maximum) may be connected directly to the ON/OFF input, in which case it must be capable of sourcing or sinking up to 1 mA depending on the signal polarity. See the Startup Information section for system timing waveforms associated with use of the ON/OFF pin. Remote Sense (Pins 5 and 7) The remote sense feature of the converter compensates for voltage drops occurring between the output pins of the converter and the load. The SENSE(-) (Pin 5) and SENSE(+) (Pin 7) pins should be connected at the load or at the point where regulation is required (see Fig. B). Vin (+) QmaX TM Series Converter (Top View) Vin Vout (+) Rw 100 SENSE(+) ON/ OFF TRIM Rload SENSE(-) 10 Vin(-) Vout(-) Rw ON/OFF (Pin 2) The ON/OFF pin is used to turn the power converter on or off remotely via a system signal. There are two remote control options available, positive logic and negative logic, with both referenced to Vin(-). A typical connection is shown in Fig. A. Vin (+) QmaX TM Series Converter (Top View) ON/ OFF Vin Vout (+) SENSE (+) TRIM Rload SENSE (-) Vin (-) Vout (-) CONTROL INPUT Fig. A: Circuit configuration for ON/OFF function. The positive logic version turns on when the ON/OFF pin is at a logic high and turns off when at a logic low. The converter is on when the ON/OFF pin is left open. See the Electrical Specifications for logic high/low definitions. The negative logic version turns on when the pin is at a logic low and turns off when the pin is at a logic high. The ON/OFF pin can be hardwired directly to Vin(-) to enable automatic power up of the converter without the need of an external control signal The ON/OFF pin is internally pulled up to 5 V through a resistor. A properly debounced mechanical switch, open-collector transistor, or FET can be used to drive the input of the ON/OFF pin. The device must be capable of sinking up to 0.2 mA at a low level voltage MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Fig. B: Remote sense circuit configuration. CAUTION If remote sensing is not utilized, the SENSE(-) pin must be connected to the Vout(-) pin (Pin 4), and the SENSE(+) pin must be connected to the Vout(+) pin (Pin 8) to ensure the converter will regulate at the specified output voltage. If these connections are not made, the converter will deliver an output voltage that is slightly higher than the specified data sheet value. Because the sense leads carry minimal current, large traces on the end-user board are not required. However, sense traces should be run side by side and located close to a ground plane to minimize system noise and ensure optimum performance. The converter's output overvoltage protection (OVP) senses the voltage across Vout(+) and Vout(-), and not across the sense lines, so the resistance (and resulting voltage drop) between the output pins of the converter and the load should be minimized to prevent unwanted triggering of the OVP. When utilizing the remote sense feature, care must be taken not to exceed the maximum allowable output power capability of the converter, which is equal to the product of the nominal output voltage and the allowable output current for the given conditions. When using remote sense, the output voltage at the converter can be increased by as much as 10% above the nominal rating in order to maintain the required voltage across the load. Therefore, the designer must, if necessary, decrease the maximum Page 3 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output current (originally obtained from the derating curves) by the same percentage to ensure the converter's actual output power remains at or below the maximum allowable output power. Output Voltage Adjust /TRIM (Pin 6) The output voltage can be adjusted up 10% or down 20% for Vout 1.5 V, and 10% for Vout = 1.2 V and 1.0 V relative to the rated output voltage by the addition of an externally connected resistor. For 3.3 V output voltage, trim up to 10% is guaranteed only at Vin 40 V, and it is marginal (8% to 10%) at Vin = 36 V. The TRIM pin should be left open if trimming is not being used. To minimize noise pickup, a 0.1F capacitor is connected internally between the TRIM and SENSE(-) pins. To increase the output voltage, refer to Fig. C. A trim resistor, RT-INCR, should be connected between the TRIM (Pin 6) and SENSE(+) (Pin 7), with a value of: 5.11(100 + )VO-NOM - 626 - 10.22 1.225 (For 3.3-1.5 V) RT-INCR = RT-INCR = RT-INCR = To decrease the output voltage (Fig. D), a trim resistor, RT-DECR, should be connected between the TRIM (Pin 6) and SENSE(-) (Pin 5), with a value of: RT-DECR = 511 - 10.22 || [k] (3.3-1.5 V) RT-DECR = 700 - 15 || [k] (1.2 V) RT-DECR = 700 - 17 || [k] (1.0 V) where, RT-DECR = Required value of trim-down resistor [k] and is defined above. Note: The above equations for calculation of trim resistor values match those typically used in conventional industry-standard quarterbricks (except for 1.2 V and 1.0 V outputs). [k] Vin (+) [k] 120 -9 [k] (1.0 V) (1.2 V) Vin (VO-REQ - VO-NOM) X 100 VO -NOM Vin (-) [%] When trimming up, care must be taken not to exceed the converter`s maximum allowable output power. See the previous section for a complete discussion of this requirement. QmaX TM Series Converter (Top View) Vin TRIM Rload RT- DECR Vout (-) Fig. D: Configuration for decreasing output voltage. VO-REQ = Desired (trimmed) output voltage [V]. ON/ OFF ON/ OFF Vout (+) SENSE(+) SENSE (-) RT-INCR = Required value of trim-up resistor [k] VO-NOM = Nominal value of output voltage [V] Vin (+) TM Series Converter (Top View) 84.6 - 7.2 where, = QmaX Trimming/sensing beyond 110% of the rated output voltage is not an acceptable design practice, as this condition could cause unwanted triggering of the output overvoltage protection (OVP) circuit. The designer should ensure that the difference between the voltages across the converter's output pins and its sense pins does not exceed 10% of VOUT(NOM), or: [VOUT(+) - VOUT(-)] - [VSENSE(+) - VSENSE(-)] VO - NOM X 10% [V] This equation is applicable for any condition of output sensing and/or output trim. Vout (+) SENSE(+) R T- INCR TRIM Rload SENSE (-) Vin(-) Vout (-) Fig. C: Configuration for increasing output voltage. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Page 4 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output Protection Features Input Undervoltage Lockout Safety Requirements Input undervoltage lockout is standard with this converter. The converter will shut down when the input voltage drops below a pre-determined voltage. The converters meet North American and International safety regulatory requirements per UL60950 and EN60950. Basic Insulation is provided between input and output. The input voltage must be typically 34 V for the converter to turn on. Once the converter has been turned on, it will shut off when the input voltage drops typically below 32 V. This feature is beneficial in preventing deep discharging of batteries used in telecom applications. To comply with safety agencies' requirements, an input line fuse must be used external to the converter. The Table below provides the recommended fuse rating for use with this family of products. Output Voltage 3.3 V 2.5 V 2.0-1.5 V 1.2-1.0 V Output Overcurrent Protection (OCP) The converter is protected against overcurrent or short circuit conditions. Upon sensing an overcurrent condition, the converter will switch to constant current operation and thereby begin to reduce output voltage. When the output voltage drops below 60% of its nominal value, the converter will shut down. Once the converter has shut down, it will attempt to restart nominally every 100 ms with a typical 1-2% duty cycle. The attempted restart will continue indefinitely until the overload or short circuit conditions are removed or the output voltage rises above 60% of its nominal value. Once the output current is brought back into its specified range, the converter automatically exits the hiccup mode and continues normal operation. Output Overvoltage Protection (OVP) The converter will shut down if the output voltage across Vout(+) (Pin 8) and Vout(-) (Pin 4) exceeds the threshold of the OVP circuitry. The OVP circuitry contains its own reference, independent of the output voltage regulation loop. Once the converter has shut down, it will attempt to restart every 100 ms until the OVP condition is removed. Overtemperature Protection (OTP) The converter will shut down under an overtemperature condition to protect itself from overheating caused by operation outside the thermal derating curves, or operation in abnormal conditions such as system fan failure. After the converter has cooled to a safe operating temperature, it will automatically restart. Fuse Rating 10 A 7A 5A 3A All QM converters are UL approved for a maximum fuse rating of 15 Amps. To protect a group of modules with a single fuse, the rating can be increased from the recommended value above. Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) EMC requirements must be met at the end-product system level, as no specific standards dedicated to EMC characteristics of board mounted component dc-dc converters exist. However, Power-One tests its converters to several system level standards, primary of which is the more stringent EN55022, Information technology equipment Radio disturbance characteristics-Limits and methods of measurement. An effective internal LC differential filter significantly reduces input reflected ripple current, and improves EMC. With the addition of a simple external filter, all versions of the QmaXTM Series of converters pass the requirements of Class B conducted emissions per EN55022 and FCC requirements. Please contact Power-One Applications Engineering for details of this testing. Fig. E: Location of the thermocouple for thermal testing. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Page 5 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output V IN Startup Information (using negative ON/OFF) Scenario #1: Initial Startup From Bulk Supply ON/OFF function enabled, converter started via application of VIN. See Figure F. Time Comments t0 ON/OFF pin is ON; system front end power is toggled on, VIN to converter begins to rise. t1 VIN crosses Undervoltage Lockout protection circuit threshold; converter enabled. t2 Converter begins to respond to turn-on command (converter turn-on delay). t3 Converter VOUT reaches 100% of nominal value. For this example, the total converter startup time (t3- t1) is typically 4 ms. ON/OFF STATE OFF ON V OUT t0 t1 t2 t t3 Fig. F: Startup scenario #1. Scenario #2: Initial Startup Using ON/OFF Pin With VIN previously powered, converter started via ON/OFF pin. See Figure G. Time Comments t0 VINPUT at nominal value. t1 Arbitrary time when ON/OFF pin is enabled (converter enabled). t2 End of converter turn-on delay. t3 Converter VOUT reaches 100% of nominal value. For this example, the total converter startup time (t3 - t1) is typically 4 ms. Scenario #3: Turn-off and Restart Using ON/OFF Pin With VIN previously powered, converter is disabled and then enabled via ON/OFF pin. See Figure H. Time Comments t0 VIN and VOUT are at nominal values; ON/OFF pin ON. t1 ON/OFF pin arbitrarily disabled; converter output falls to zero; turn-on inhibit delay period (100 ms typical) is initiated, and ON/OFF pin action is internally inhibited. t2 ON/OFF pin is externally re-enabled. If (t2 - t1) 100 ms, external action of ON/OFF pin is locked out by startup inhibit timer. If (t2 - t1) > 100 ms, ON/OFF pin action is internally enabled. t3 Turn-on inhibit delay period ends. If ON/OFF pin is ON, converter begins turn-on; if off, converter awaits ON/OFF pin ON signal; see Figure G. t4 End of converter turn-on delay. t5 Converter VOUT reaches 100% of nominal value. For the condition (t2 - t1) 100 ms, the total converter startup time (t5-t2) is typically 104 ms. For (t2-t1) > 100 ms, startup will be typically 4 ms after release of ON/OFF pin. VIN ON/OFF STATE OFF ON VOUT t0 t1 t 2 t t3 Fig. G: Startup scenario #2. VIN 100 ms ON/OFF STATE OFF ON VOUT t0 t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 Fig. H: Startup scenario #3. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Page 6 of 36 www.power-one.com t QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output Characterization General Information The converter has been characterized for many operational aspects, to include thermal derating (maximum load current as a function of ambient temperature and airflow) for vertical and horizontal mountings, efficiency, startup and shutdown parameters, output ripple and noise, transient response to load step-change, overload, and short circuit. The figures are numbered as Fig. x.y, where x indicates the different output voltages, and y associates with specific plots (y = 1 for the vertical thermal derating, ...). For example, Fig. x.1 will refer to the vertical thermal derating for all the output voltages in general. The following pages contain specific plots or waveforms associated with the converter. Additional comments for specific data are provided below. Test Conditions All data presented were taken with the converter soldered to a test board, specifically a 0.060" thick printed wiring board (PWB) with four layers. The top and bottom layers were not metalized. The two inner layers, comprised of two-ounce copper, were used to provide traces for connectivity to the converter. The lack of metalization on the outer layers as well as the limited thermal connection ensured that heat transfer from the converter to the PWB was minimized. This provides a worst-case but consistent scenario for thermal derating purposes. All measurements requiring airflow were made in the vertical and horizontal wind tunnel using Infrared (IR) thermography and thermocouples for thermometry. Ensuring components on the converter do not exceed their ratings is important to maintaining high reliability. If one anticipates operating the converter at or close to the maximum loads specified in the derating curves, it is prudent to check actual operating temperatures in the application. Thermographic imaging is preferable; if this capability is not available, then thermocouples may be used. The use of AWG #40 gauge thermocouples is recommended to ensure measurement accuracy. Careful routing of the thermocouple leads will further minimize measurement error. Refer to Fig. E for the optimum measuring thermocouple location. Thermal Derating Load current vs. ambient temperature and airflow rates are given in Fig. x.1 and Fig x.2 for vertical and MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 horizontal converter mountings. Ambient temperature was varied between 25 C and 85 C, with airflow rates from 30 to 500 LFM (0.15 to 2.5 m/s). For each set of conditions, the maximum load current was defined as the lowest of: (i) The output current at which any FET junction temperature does not exceed a maximum specified temperature (120C) as indicated by the thermographic image, or (ii) The nominal rating of the converter (45 A on 3.3-1.0 V). During normal operation, derating curves with maximum FET temperature less or equal to 120 C should not be exceeded. Temperature on the PCB at thermocouple location shown in Fig. E should not exceed 118 C in order to operate inside the derating curves. Efficiency Fig. x.3 shows the efficiency vs. load current plot for ambient temperature of 25 C, airflow rate of 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) with vertical mounting and input voltages of 36 V, 48 V and 72 V. Also, a plot of efficiency vs. load current, as a function of ambient temperature with Vin = 48 V, airflow rate of 200 LFM (1 m/s) with vertical mounting is shown in Fig. x.4. Power Dissipation Fig. x.5 shows the power dissipation vs. load current plot for Ta = 25 C, airflow rate of 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) with vertical mounting and input voltages of 36 V, 48 V and 72 V. Also, a plot of power dissipation vs. load current, as a function of ambient temperature with Vin = 48 V, airflow rate of 200 LFM (1 m/s) with vertical mounting is shown in Fig. x.6. Startup Output voltage waveforms, during the turn-on transient using the ON/OFF pin for full rated load currents (resistive load) are shown without and with external load capacitance in Fig. x.7 and Fig. x.8, respectively. Ripple and Noise Fig. x.10 shows the output voltage ripple waveform, measured at full rated load current with a 10 F tantalum and 1 F ceramic capacitor across the output. Note that all output voltage waveforms are measured across a 1 F ceramic capacitor. The input reflected ripple current waveforms are obtained using the test setup shown in Fig x.11. The corresponding waveforms are shown in Fig. x.12 and Fig. x.13. Page 7 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output Electrical Specifications: QM48T45033 (3.3 Volt Out) Conditions: TA = 25 C, Airflow = 300 LFM (1.5 m/s), Vin = 48 VDC, Vout = 3.3 VDC, unless otherwise specified. Parameter Notes Min Typ Max Units 4.8 ADC Input Characteristics Maximum Input Current Input Stand-by Current 45 ADC, 3.3 VDC Out @ 36 VDC In Vin = 48 V, converter disabled Input No Load Current (0 load on the output) Vin = 48 V, converter enabled Input Reflected-Ripple Current 25 MHz bandwidth Input Voltage Ripple Rejection 120 Hz 3 mADC 85 mADC 7.5 mAPK-PK TBD dB Output Characteristics Output Voltage Set Point (no load) -40 C to 85 C 3.267 3.300 3.333 VDC 2 5 mV Output Regulation Over Line Over Load 2 Output Voltage Range Output Ripple and Noise - 25 MHz bandwidth Over line, load and temperature Full load + 10 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic External Load Capacitance Plus full load (resistive) 3.250 30 Output Current Range 0 Current Limit Inception Non-latching 47.25 5 mV 3.350 VDC 50 mVPK-PK 40,000 F 45 ADC 53 58 ADC Peak Short-Circuit Current Non-latching, Short = 10 m 55 65 A RMS Short-Circuit Current Non-latching 12 18 Arms Dynamic Response Load Change 25% of Iout Max, di/dt = 1A/s Co = 470 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic 160 mV Settling Time to 1% 100 s 100% Load 90.5 % 50% Load 92.5 % 50 50 40 40 Load Current [Adc] Load Current [Adc] Efficiency 30 500 LFM (2.5 m/s) 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) NC - 30 LFM (0.15 m/s) 20 10 30 500 LFM (2.5 m/s) 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) NC - 30 LFM (0.15 m/s) 20 10 0 0 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 20 90 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Ambient Temperature [C] Ambient Temperature [C] Fig. 3.3V.1: Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airflow rates for QM48T45033 converter with B height pins mounted vertically with Vin = 48 V, air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1, and MOSFET temperature 120 C. Fig. 3.3V.2: Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airflow rates for QM48T45033 converter with B height pins mounted horizontally with Vin = 48 V, air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1, and MOSFET temperature 120 C. Note: NC - Natural convection MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Page 8 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output 0.95 0.95 0.90 0.90 0.85 0.85 Efficiency Efficiency QM48T45033 (3.3 Volt Out) 0.80 0.75 0.80 0.75 72 V 48 V 36 V 70 C 55 C 40 C 0.70 0.70 0.65 0.65 0 10 20 30 40 0 50 10 Load Current [Adc] 30 40 50 Fig. 3.3V.4: Efficiency vs. load current and ambient temperature for converter mounted vertically with Vin = 48 V and air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 200 LFM (1.0 m/s). Fig. 3.3V.3: Efficiency vs. load current and input voltage for converter mounted vertically with air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) and Ta = 25 C. 20.00 20.00 16.00 16.00 Power Dissipation [W] Power Dissipation [W] 20 Load Current [Adc] 12.00 8.00 72 V 48 V 36 V 4.00 12.00 8.00 70 C 55 C 40 C 4.00 0.00 0.00 0 10 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50 Load Current [Adc] Load Current [Adc] Fig. 3.3V.5: Power dissipation vs. load current and input voltage for converter mounted vertically with air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) and Ta = 25 C. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 0 Page 9 of 36 Fig. 3.3V.6: Power dissipation vs. load current and ambient temperature for converter mounted vertically with Vin = 48 V and air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 200 LFM (1.0 m/s). www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output QM48T45033 (3.3 Volt Out) Fig. 3.3V.7: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive) with no output capacitor at Vin = 48 V, triggered via ON/OFF pin. Top trace: ON/OFF signal (5 V/div.). Bottom trace: output voltage (1 V/div.) Time scale: 2 ms/div. Fig. 3.3V.8: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive) plus 40,000 F at Vin = 48 V, triggered via ON/OFF pin. Top trace: ON/OFF signal (5 V/div.). Bottom trace: output voltage (1 V/div.). Time scale: 2 ms/div. Fig. 3.3V.9: Output voltage response to load current step-change (22.5 A - 33.75 A - 22.5 A) at Vin = 48 V. Top trace: output voltage (100 mV/div.). Bottom trace: load current (10 A/div). Current slew rate: 1 A/s. Co = 470 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic. Time scale: 0.2 ms/div. Fig. 3.3V.10: Output voltage ripple (20 mV/div.) at full rated load current into a resistive load with Co = 10 F tantalum + 1F ceramic and Vin = 48 V. Time scale: 1 s/div. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Page 10 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output QM48T45033 (3.3 Volt Out) iS iC 10 H source inductance 33 F ESR < 1 electrolytic capacitor V source QmaX TM Series DC-DC Converter 1 F ceramic Vout capacitor Fig. 3.3V.11: Test Setup for measuring input reflected ripple currents, ic and is. Fig. 3.3V.12: Input reflected ripple current, is (10 mA/div), measured through 10 H at the source at full rated load current and Vin = 48 V. Refer to Fig. 3.3V.11 for test setup. Time scale: 1 s/div. Fig. 3.3V.13: Input reflected ripple current, ic (100 mA/div), measured at input terminals at full rated load current and Vin = 48 V. Refer to Fig. 3.3V.11 for test setup. Time scale: 1 s/div. 4.0 Vout [Vdc] 3.0 2.0 1.0 0 0 15 30 45 60 Iout [Adc] Fig. 3.3V.14: Output voltage vs. load current showing current limit point and converter shutdown point. Input voltage has almost no effect on current limit characteristic. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Fig. 3.3V.15: Load current (top trace, 20 A/div, 20 ms/div) into a 10 m short circuit during restart, at Vin = 48 V. Bottom trace (20 A/div, 1 ms/div) is an expansion of the on-time portion of the top trace. Page 11 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output Electrical Specifications: QM48T45025 (2.5 Volt Out) Conditions: TA = 25 C, Airflow = 300 LFM (1.5 m/s), Vin = 48 VDC, Vout = 2.5 VDC, unless otherwise specified. Parameter Notes Min Typ Max Units 3.6 ADC Input Characteristics Maximum Input Current Input Stand-by Current 45 ADC, 2.5 VDC Out @ 36 VDC In Vin = 48 V, converter disabled Input No Load Current (0 load on the output) Vin = 48 V, converter enabled Input Reflected-Ripple Current 25 MHz bandwidth Input Voltage Ripple Rejection 120 Hz 3 mADC 67 mADC 7.5 mAPK-PK TBD dB Output Characteristics Output Voltage Set Point (no load) -40 C to 85 C 2.475 2.500 2.525 VDC 2 5 mV Output Regulation Over Line Over Load 2 Output Voltage Range Output Ripple and Noise - 25 MHz bandwidth Over line, load and temperature Full load + 10 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic External Load Capacitance Plus full load (resistive) 2.462 30 Output Current Range 0 Current Limit Inception Non-latching 47.25 5 mV 2.538 VDC 50 mVPK-PK 40,000 F 45 ADC 53 58 ADC Peak Short-Circuit Current Non-latching, Short = 10 m. 55 65 A RMS Short-Circuit Current Non-latching 12 18 Arms Dynamic Response Load Change 25% of Iout Max, di/dt = 1A/s Co = 470 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic 160 mV Settling Time to 1% 100 s 100% Load 89.0 % 50% Load 91.0 % 50 50 40 40 Load Current [Adc] Load Current [Adc] Efficiency 30 500 LFM (2.5 m/s) 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) NC - 30 LFM (0.15 m/s) 20 10 30 500 LFM (2.5 m/s) 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) NC - 30 LFM (0.15 m/s) 20 10 0 0 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 20 Ambient Temperature [C] 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Ambient Temperature [C] Fig. 2.5V.1: Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airflow rates for QM48T45025 converter with B height pins mounted vertically with Vin = 48 V, air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1, and MOSFET temperature 120 C. Fig. 2.5V.2: Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airflow rates for QM48T45025 converter with B height pins mounted horizontally with Vin = 48 V, air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1, and MOSFET temperature 120 C. Note: NC - Natural convection MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Page 12 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output 0.95 0.95 0.90 0.90 0.85 0.85 Efficiency Efficiency QM48T45025 (2.5 Volt Out) 0.80 0.75 72 V 48 V 36 V 0.80 0.75 0.70 70 C 55 C 40 C 0.70 0.65 0.65 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 Load Current [Adc] 30 40 50 Load Current [Adc] Fig. 2.5V.3: Efficiency vs. load current and input voltage for converter mounted vertically with air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) and Ta = 25 C. Fig. 2.5V.4: Efficiency vs. load current and ambient temperature for converter mounted vertically with Vin = 48 V and air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 200 LFM (1.0 m/s). 20.00 20.00 16.00 16.00 Power Dissipation [W] Power Dissipation [W] 20 12.00 8.00 72 V 48 V 36 V 4.00 12.00 8.00 70 C 55 C 40 C 4.00 0.00 0.00 0 10 20 30 40 50 Load Current [Adc] 10 20 30 40 50 Load Current [Adc] Fig. 2.5V.5: Power dissipation vs. load current and input voltage for converter mounted vertically with air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) and Ta = 25 C. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 0 Page 13 of 36 Fig. 2.5V.6: Power dissipation vs. load current and ambient temperature for converter mounted vertically with Vin = 48 V and air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 200 LFM (1.0 m/s). www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output QM48T45025 (2.5 Volt Out) Fig. 2.5V.7: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive) with no output capacitor at Vin = 48 V, triggered via ON/OFF pin. Top trace: ON/OFF signal (5 V/div.). Bottom trace: output voltage (1 V/div.) Time scale: 2 ms/div. Fig. 2.5V.8: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive) plus 40,000 F at Vin = 48 V, triggered via ON/OFF pin. Top trace: ON/OFF signal (5 V/div.). Bottom trace: output voltage (1 V/div.). Time scale: 2 ms/div. Fig. 2.5V.9: Output voltage response to load current step-change (22.5 A - 33.75 A - 22.5 A) at Vin = 48 V. Top trace: output voltage (100 mV/div.). Bottom trace: load current (10 A/div). Current slew rate: 1 A/s. Co = 470 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic. Time scale: 0.2 ms/div. Fig. 2.5V.10: Output voltage ripple (20 mV/div.) at full rated load current into a resistive load with Co = 10 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic and Vin = 48 V. Time scale: 1 s/div. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Page 14 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output QM48T45025 (2.5 Volt Out) iS iC 10 H source inductance V source 33 F ESR < 1 electrolytic capacitor QmaX TM Series DC-DC Converter 1 F ceramic Vout capacitor Fig. 2.5V.11: Test Setup for measuring input reflected ripple currents, ic and is. Fig. 2.5V.12: Input reflected ripple current, is (10 mA/div), measured through 10 H at the source at full rated load current and Vin = 48 V. Refer to Fig. 2.5V.11 for test setup. Time scale: 1 s/div. Fig. 2.5V.13: Input reflected ripple current, ic (100 mA/div), measured at input terminals at full rated load current and Vin = 48 V. Refer to Fig. 2.5V.11 for test setup. Time scale: 1 s/div. 3.0 2.5 Vout [Vdc] 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 0 15 30 45 60 Iout [Adc] Fig. 2.5V.14: Output voltage vs. load current showing current limit point and converter shutdown point. Input voltage has almost no effect on current limit characteristic. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Fig. 2.5V.15: Load current (top trace, 20 A/div, 20 ms/div) into a 10 m short circuit during restart, at Vin = 48 V. Bottom trace (20 A/div, 1 ms/div) is an expansion of the on-time portion of the top trace. Page 15 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output Electrical Specifications: QM48T45020 (2.0 Volt Out) Conditions: TA = 25 C, Airflow = 300 LFM (1.5 m/s), Vin = 48 VDC, Vout = 2.0 VDC, unless otherwise specified. Parameter Notes Min Typ Max Units 2.9 ADC Input Characteristics Maximum Input Current Input Stand-by Current 45 ADC, 2.0 VDC Out @ 36 VDC In Vin = 48 V, converter disabled Input No Load Current (0 load on the output) Vin = 48 V, converter enabled Input Reflected-Ripple Current 25 MHz bandwidth Input Voltage Ripple Rejection 120 Hz 3 mADC 55 mADC 7.5 mAPK-PK TBD dB Output Characteristics Output Voltage Set Point (no load) -40 C to 85 C 1.98 2.000 2.02 VDC 2 5 mV Output Regulation Over Line Over Load 2 Output Voltage Range Output Ripple and Noise - 25 MHz bandwidth Over line, load and temperature Full load + 10 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic External Load Capacitance Plus full load (resistive) 1.97 30 Output Current Range 0 Current Limit Inception Non-latching 47.25 5 mV 2.03 VDC 50 mVPK-PK 40,000 F 45 ADC 53 58 ADC Peak Short-Circuit Current Non-latching, Short = 10 m 55 65 A RMS Short-Circuit Current Non-latching 12 18 Arms Dynamic Response Load Change 25% of Iout Max, di/dt = 1A/s Co = 470 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic 160 mV Settling Time to 1% 100 s 100% Load 88.0 % 50% Load 90.0 % 50 50 40 40 Load Current [Adc] Load Current [Adc] Efficiency 30 500 LFM (2.5 m/s) 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) NC - 30 LFM (0.15 m/s) 20 10 30 500 LFM (2.5 m/s) 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) NC - 30 LFM (0.15 m/s) 20 10 0 0 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 20 90 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Ambient Temperature [C] Ambient Temperature [C] Fig. 2.0V.1: Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airflow rates for QM48T45020 converter with B height pins mounted vertically with Vin = 48 V, air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1, and MOSFET temperature 120 C. Fig. 2.0V.2: Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airflow rates for QM48T45020 converter with B height pins mounted horizontally with Vin = 48 V, air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1, and MOSFET temperature 120 C. Note: NC - Natural convection MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Page 16 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output 0.95 0.95 0.90 0.90 0.85 0.85 Efficiency Efficiency QM48T45020 (2.0 Volt Out) 0.80 0.75 72 V 48 V 36 V 0.80 0.75 0.70 70 C 55 C 40 C 0.70 0.65 0 10 20 30 40 0.65 50 0 10 Load Current [Adc] 30 40 50 Load Current [Adc] Fig. 2.0V.3: Efficiency vs. load current and input voltage for converter mounted vertically with air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) and Ta = 25 C. Fig. 2.0V.4: Efficiency vs. load current and ambient temperature for converter mounted vertically with Vin = 48 V and air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 200 LFM (1.0 m/s). 20.00 20.00 16.00 16.00 Power Dissipation [W] Power Dissipation [W] 20 12.00 8.00 72 V 48 V 36 V 4.00 12.00 8.00 70 C 55 C 40 C 4.00 0.00 0.00 0 10 20 30 40 50 Load Current [Adc] 10 20 30 40 50 Load Current [Adc] Fig. 2.0V.5: Power dissipation vs. load current and input voltage for converter mounted vertically with air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) and Ta = 25 C. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 0 Page 17 of 36 Fig. 2.0V.6: Power dissipation vs. load current and ambient temperature for converter mounted vertically with Vin = 48 V and air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 200 LFM (1.0 m/s). www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output QM48T45020 (2.0 Volt Out) Fig. 2.0V.7: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive) with no output capacitor at Vin = 48 V, triggered via ON/OFF pin. Top trace: ON/OFF signal (5 V/div.). Bottom trace: output voltage (1 V/div.) Time scale: 2 ms/div. Fig. 2.0V.8: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive) plus 40,000 F at Vin = 48 V, triggered via ON/OFF pin. Top trace: ON/OFF signal (5 V/div.). Bottom trace: output voltage (1 V/div.). Time scale: 2 ms/div. Fig. 2.0V.9: Output voltage response to load current step-change (22.5 A - 33.75 A - 22.5 A) at Vin = 48 V. Top trace: output voltage (100 mV/div.). Bottom trace: load current (10 A/div). Current slew rate: 1 A/s. Co = 470 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic. Time scale: 0.2 ms/div. Fig. 2.0V.10: Output voltage ripple (20 mV/div.) at full rated load current into a resistive load with Co = 10 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic and Vin = 48 V. Time scale: 1 s/div. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Page 18 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output QM48T45020 (2.0 Volt Out) iS iC 10 H source inductance V source 33 F ESR < 1 electrolytic capacitor QmaX TM Series DC-DC Converter 1 F ceramic Vout capacitor Fig. 2.0V.11: Test Setup for measuring input reflected ripple currents, ic and is. Fig. 2.0V.12: Input reflected ripple current, is (10 mA/div), measured through 10 H at the source at full rated load current and Vin = 48 V. Refer to Fig. 2.0V.11 for test setup. Time scale: 1 s/div. Fig. 2.0V.13: Input reflected ripple current, ic (100 mA/div), measured at input terminals at full rated load current and Vin = 48 V. Refer to Fig. 2.0V.11 for test setup. Time scale: 1 s/div. 3.0 2.5 Vout [Vdc] 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 0 15 30 45 60 Iout [Adc] Fig. 2.0V.14: Output voltage vs. load current showing current limit point and converter shutdown point. Input voltage has almost no effect on current limit characteristic. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Fig. 2.0V.15: Load current (top trace, 20 A/div, 20 ms/div) into a 10 m short circuit during restart, at Vin = 48 V. Bottom trace (20 A/div, 1 ms/div) is an expansion of the on-time portion of the top trace. Page 19 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output Electrical Specifications: QM48T45018 (1.8 Volt Out) Conditions: TA = 25 C, Airflow = 300 LFM (1.5 m/s), Vin = 48 VDC, Vout = 1.8 VDC, unless otherwise specified. Parameter Notes Min Typ Max Units 2.7 ADC Input Characteristics Maximum Input Current Input Stand-by Current 45 ADC, 1.8 VDC Out @ 36 VDC In Vin = 48 V, converter disabled Input No Load Current (0 load on the output) Vin = 48 V, converter enabled Input Reflected-Ripple Current 25 MHz bandwidth Input Voltage Ripple Rejection 120 Hz 3 mADC 50 mADC 7.5 mAPK-PK TBD dB Output Characteristics Output Voltage Set Point (no load) -40 C to 85 C 1.782 1.800 1.818 VDC 2 4 mV Output Regulation Over Line Over Load 2 Output Voltage Range Output Ripple and Noise - 25 MHz bandwidth Over line, load and temperature Full load + 10 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic External Load Capacitance Plus full load (resistive) 1.773 30 Output Current Range 0 Current Limit Inception Non-latching 47.25 5 mV 1.827 VDC 50 mVPK-PK 40,000 F 45 ADC 53 58 ADC Peak Short-Circuit Current Non-latching, Short = 10 m 55 65 A RMS Short-Circuit Current Non-latching 12 18 Arms Dynamic Response Load Change 25% of Iout Max, di/dt = 1A/s Co = 470 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic 160 mV Settling Time to 1% 150 s 100% Load 87.0 % 50% Load 89.5 % 50 50 40 40 Load Current [Adc] Load Current [Adc] Efficiency 30 500 LFM (2.5 m/s) 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) NC - 30 LFM (0.15 m/s) 20 10 30 500 LFM (2.5 m/s) 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) NC - 30 LFM (0.15 m/s) 20 10 0 0 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 20 90 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Ambient Temperature [C] Ambient Temperature [C] Fig. 1.8V.1: Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airflow rates for QM48T45018 converter with B height pins mounted vertically with Vin = 48 V, air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1, and MOSFET temperature 120 C. Fig. 1.8V.2: Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airflow rates for QM48T45018 converter with B height pins mounted horizontally with Vin = 48 V, air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1, and MOSFET temperature 120 C. Note: NC - Natural convection MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Page 20 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output 0.95 0.95 0.90 0.90 0.85 0.85 Efficiency Efficiency QM48T45018 (1.8 Volt Out) 0.80 0.75 72 V 48 V 36 V 0.80 0.75 0.70 70 C 55 C 40 C 0.70 0.65 0.65 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 Load Current [Adc] 30 40 50 Load Current [Adc] Fig. 1.8V.3: Efficiency vs. load current and input voltage for converter mounted vertically with air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) and Ta = 25 C. Fig. 1.8V.4: Efficiency vs. load current and ambient temperature for converter mounted vertically with Vin = 48 V and air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 200 LFM (1.0 m/s). 15.00 15.00 12.00 12.00 Power Dissipation [W] Power Dissipation [W] 20 9.00 6.00 72 V 48 V 36 V 3.00 9.00 6.00 70 C 55 C 40 C 3.00 0.00 0.00 0 10 20 30 40 50 Load Current [Adc] 10 20 30 40 50 Load Current [Adc] Fig. 1.8V.5: Power dissipation vs. load current and input voltage for converter mounted vertically with air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) and Ta = 25 C. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 0 Page 21 of 36 Fig. 1.8V.6: Power dissipation vs. load current and ambient temperature for converter mounted vertically with Vin = 48 V and air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 200 LFM (1.0 m/s). www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output QM48T45018 (1.8 Volt Out) Fig. 1.8V.7: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive) with no output capacitor at Vin = 48 V, triggered via ON/OFF pin. Top trace: ON/OFF signal (5 V/div.). Bottom trace: output voltage (1 V/div.) Time scale: 2 ms/div. Fig. 1.8V.8: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive) plus 40,000 F at Vin = 48 V, triggered via ON/OFF pin. Top trace: ON/OFF signal (5 V/div.). Bottom trace: output voltage (1 V/div.). Time scale: 2 ms/div. Fig. 1.8V.9: Output voltage response to load current step-change (22.5 A - 33.75 A - 22.5 A) at Vin = 48 V. Top trace: output voltage (100 mV/div.). Bottom trace: load current (10 A/div). Current slew rate: 1 A/s. Co = 470 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic. Time scale: 0.2 ms/div. Fig. 1.8V.10: Output voltage ripple (20 mV/div.) at full rated load current into a resistive load with Co = 10 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic and Vin = 48 V. Time scale: 1 s/div. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Page 22 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output QM48T45018 (1.8 Volt Out) iS iC 10 H source inductance V source 33 F ESR < 1 electrolytic capacitor QmaX TM Series DC-DC Converter 1 F ceramic Vout capacitor Fig. 1.8V.11: Test Setup for measuring input reflected ripple currents, ic and is. Fig. 1.8V.12: Input reflected ripple current, is (10 mA/div), measured through 10 H at the source at full rated load current and Vin = 48 V. Refer to Fig. 1.8V.11 for test setup. Time scale: 1 s/div. Fig. 1.8V.13: Input reflected ripple current, ic (100 mA/div), measured at input terminals at full rated load current and Vin = 48 V. Refer to Fig. 1.8V.11 for test setup. Time scale: 1 s/div. 3.0 2.5 Vout [Vdc] 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 0 15 30 45 60 Iout [Adc] Fig. 1.8V.14: Output voltage vs. load current showing current limit point and converter shutdown point. Input voltage has almost no effect on current limit characteristic. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Fig. 1.8V.15: Load current (top trace, 20 A/div, 20 ms/div) into a 10 m short circuit during restart, at Vin = 48 V. Bottom trace (20 A/div, 1 ms/div) is an expansion of the on-time portion of the top trace. Page 23 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output Electrical Specifications: QM48T45015 (1.5 Volt Out) Conditions: TA = 25 C, Airflow = 300 LFM (1.5 m/s), Vin = 48 VDC, Vout = 1.5 VDC, unless otherwise specified. Parameter Notes Min Typ Max Units 2.3 ADC Input Characteristics Maximum Input Current Input Stand-by Current 45 ADC, 1.5 VDC Out @ 36 VDC In Vin = 48 V, converter disabled Input No Load Current (0 load on the output) Vin = 48 V, converter enabled Input Reflected-Ripple Current 25 MHz bandwidth Input Voltage Ripple Rejection 120 Hz 3 mADC 42 mADC 7.5 mAPK-PK TBD dB Output Characteristics Output Voltage Set Point (no load) -40 C to 85 C 1.485 1.500 1.515 VDC 2 4 mV Output Regulation Over Line Over Load 2 Output Voltage Range Output Ripple and Noise - 25 MHz bandwidth Over line, load and temperature Full load + 10 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic External Load Capacitance Plus full load (resistive) 1.477 30 Output Current Range 0 Current Limit Inception Non-latching 47.25 4 mV 1.523 VDC 50 mVPK-PK 40,000 F 45 ADC 53 58 ADC Peak Short-Circuit Current Non-latching, Short = 10 m 55 65 A RMS Short-Circuit Current Non-latching 12 18 Arms Dynamic Response Load Change 25% of Iout Max, di/dt = 1A/s Co = 470 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic 160 mV Settling Time to 1% 150 s 100% Load 85.5 % 50% Load 88.0 % 50 50 40 40 Load Current [Adc] Load Current [Adc] Efficiency 30 500 LFM (2.5 m/s) 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) NC - 30 LFM (0.15 m/s) 20 10 30 500 LFM (2.5 m/s) 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) NC - 30 LFM (0.15 m/s) 20 10 0 0 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 20 90 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Ambient Temperature [C] Ambient Temperature [C] Fig. 1.5V.1: Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airflow rates for QM48T45015 converter with B height pins mounted vertically with Vin = 48 V, air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1, and MOSFET temperature 120 C. Fig. 1.5V.2: Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airflow rates for QM48T45015 converter with B height pins mounted horizontally with Vin = 48 V, air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1, and MOSFET temperature 120 C. Note: NC - Natural convection MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Page 24 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output 0.95 0.95 0.90 0.90 0.85 0.85 Efficiency Efficiency QM48T45015 (1.5 Volt Out) 0.80 0.75 0.80 0.75 72 V 48 V 36 V 70 C 55 C 40 C 0.70 0.70 0.65 0.65 0 10 20 30 40 0 50 10 30 40 50 Fig. 1.5V.4: Efficiency vs. load current and ambient temperature for converter mounted vertically with Vin = 48 V and air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 200 LFM (1.0 m/s). Fig. 1.5V.3: Efficiency vs. load current and input voltage for converter mounted vertically with air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) and Ta = 25 C. 15.00 15.00 12.00 12.00 Power Dissipation [W] Power Dissipation [W] 20 Load Current [Adc] Load Current [Adc] 9.00 6.00 72 V 48 V 36 V 3.00 9.00 6.00 70 C 55 C 40 C 3.00 0.00 0.00 0 10 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50 Load Current [Adc] Load Current [Adc] Fig. 1.5V.5: Power dissipation vs. load current and input voltage for converter mounted vertically with air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) and Ta = 25 C. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 0 Page 25 of 36 Fig. 1.5V.6: Power dissipation vs. load current and ambient temperature for converter mounted vertically with Vin = 48 V and air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 200 LFM (1.0 m/s). www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output QM48T45015 (1.5 Volt Out) Fig. 1.5V.7: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive) with no output capacitor at Vin = 48 V, triggered via ON/OFF pin. Top trace: ON/OFF signal (5 V/div.). Bottom trace: output voltage (1 V/div.) Time scale: 2 ms/div. Fig. 1.5V.8: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive) plus 40,000 F at Vin = 48 V, triggered via ON/OFF pin. Top trace: ON/OFF signal (5 V/div.). Bottom trace: output voltage (1 V/div.). Time scale: 2 ms/div. Fig. 1.5V.9: Output voltage response to load current step-change (22.5 A - 33.75 A - 22.5 A) at Vin = 48 V. Top trace: output voltage (100 mV/div.). Bottom trace: load current (10 A/div). Current slew rate: 1 A/s. Co = 470 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic. Time scale: 0.2 ms/div. Fig. 1.5V.10: Output voltage ripple (20 mV/div.) at full rated load current into a resistive load with Co = 10 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic and Vin = 48 V. Time scale: 1 s/div. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Page 26 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output QM48T45015 (1.5 Volt Out) iS iC 10 H source inductance V source 33 F ESR < 1 electrolytic capacitor QmaX TM Series DC-DC Converter 1 F ceramic Vout capacitor Fig. 1.5V.11: Test Setup for measuring input reflected ripple currents, ic and is. Fig. 1.5V.12: Input reflected ripple current, is (10 mA/div), measured through 10 H at the source at full rated load current and Vin = 48 V. Refer to Fig. 1.5V.11 for test setup. Time scale: 1 s/div. Fig. 1.5V.13: Input reflected ripple current, ic (100 mA/div), measured at input terminals at full rated load current and Vin = 48 V. Refer to Fig. 1.5V.11 for test setup. Time scale: 1 s/div. 2.0 Vout [Vdc] 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 0 15 30 45 60 Iout [Adc] Fig. 1.5V.14: Output voltage vs. load current showing current limit point and converter shutdown point. Input voltage has almost no effect on current limit characteristic. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Fig. 1.5V.15: Load current (top trace, 20 A/div, 20 ms/div) into a 10 m short circuit during restart, at Vin = 48 V. Bottom trace (20 A/div, 1 ms/div) is an expansion of the on-time portion of the top trace. Page 27 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output Electrical Specifications: QM48T45012 (1.2 Volt Out) Conditions: TA = 25 C, Airflow = 300 LFM (1.5 m/s), Vin = 48 VDC, Vout = 1.2 VDC, unless otherwise specified. Parameter Notes Min Typ Max Units 1.9 ADC Input Characteristics Maximum Input Current Input Stand-by Current 45 ADC, 1.2 VDC Out @ 36 VDC In Vin = 48 V, converter disabled Input No Load Current (0 load on the output) Vin = 48 V, converter enabled Input Reflected-Ripple Current 25 MHz bandwidth Input Voltage Ripple Rejection 120 Hz 3 mADC 37 mADC 7.5 mAPK-PK TBD dB Output Characteristics Output Voltage Set Point (no load) -40 C to 85 C 1.188 1.200 1.212 VDC 1 3 mV Output Regulation Over Line Over Load 1 Output Voltage Range Output Ripple and Noise - 25 MHz bandwidth Over line, load and temperature Full load + 10 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic External Load Capacitance Plus full load (resistive) 1.182 30 Output Current Range 0 Current Limit Inception Non-latching 47.25 3 mV 1.218 VDC 50 mVPK-PK 40,000 F 45 ADC 53 58 ADC Peak Short-Circuit Current Non-latching, Short = 10 m 55 65 A RMS Short-Circuit Current Non-latching 12 18 Arms Dynamic Response Load Change 25% of Iout Max, di/dt = 1A/s Co = 470 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic 160 mV Settling Time to 1% 150 s 100% Load 83.0 % 50% Load 86.5 % 50 50 40 40 Load Current [Adc] Load Current [Adc] Efficiency 30 500 LFM (2.5 m/s) 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) NC - 30 LFM (0.15 m/s) 20 10 30 500 LFM (2.5 m/s) 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) NC - 30 LFM (0.15 m/s) 20 10 0 0 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 20 90 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Ambient Temperature [C] Ambient Temperature [C] Fig. 1.2V.1: Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airflow rates for QM48T45012 converter with B height pins mounted vertically with Vin = 48 V, air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1, and MOSFET temperature 120 C. Fig. 1.2V.2: Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airflow rates for QM48T45012 converter with B height pins mounted horizontally with Vin = 48 V, air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1, and MOSFET temperature 120 C. Note: NC - Natural convection MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Page 28 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output 0.90 0.90 0.85 0.85 0.80 0.80 Efficiency Efficiency QM48T45012 (1.2 Volt Out) 0.75 0.70 0.75 0.70 72 V 48 V 36 V 70 C 55 C 40 C 0.65 0.65 0.60 0.60 0 10 20 30 40 0 50 10 30 40 50 Fig. 1.2V.4: Efficiency vs. load current and ambient temperature for converter mounted vertically with Vin = 48 V and air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 200 LFM (1.0 m/s). Fig. 1.2V.3: Efficiency vs. load current and input voltage for converter mounted vertically with air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) and Ta = 25 C. 15.00 15.00 12.00 12.00 Power Dissipation [W] Power Dissipation [W] 20 Load Current [Adc] Load Current [Adc] 9.00 6.00 72 V 48 V 36 V 3.00 9.00 6.00 70 C 55 C 40 C 3.00 0.00 0.00 0 10 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50 Load Current [Adc] Load Current [Adc] Fig. 1.2V.5: Power dissipation vs. load current and input voltage for converter mounted vertically with air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) and Ta = 25 C. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 0 Page 29 of 36 Fig. 1.2V.6: Power dissipation vs. load current and ambient temperature for converter mounted vertically with Vin = 48 V and air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 200 LFM (1.0 m/s). www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output QM48T45012 (1.2 Volt Out) Fig. 1.2V.7: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive) with no output capacitor at Vin = 48 V, triggered via ON/OFF pin. Top trace: ON/OFF signal (5 V/div.). Bottom trace: output voltage (1 V/div.) Time scale: 2 ms/div. Fig. 1.2V.8: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive) plus 40,000 F at Vin = 48 V, triggered via ON/OFF pin. Top trace: ON/OFF signal (5 V/div.). Bottom trace: output voltage (1 V/div.). Time scale: 2 ms/div. Fig. 1.2V.9: Output voltage response to load current step-change (22.5 A - 33.75 A - 22.5 A) at Vin = 48 V. Top trace: output voltage (100 mV/div.). Bottom trace: load current (10 A/div). Current slew rate: 1 A/s. Co = 470 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic. Time scale: 0.2 ms/div. Fig. 1.2V.10: Output voltage ripple (20 mV/div.) at full rated load current into a resistive load with Co = 10 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic and Vin = 48 V. Time scale: 1 s/div. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Page 30 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output QM48T45012 (1.2 Volt Out) iS iC 10 H source inductance V source 33 F ESR < 1 electrolytic capacitor QmaX TM Series DC-DC Converter 1 F ceramic Vout capacitor Fig. 1.2V.11: Test Setup for measuring input reflected ripple currents, ic and is. Fig. 1.2V.12: Input reflected ripple current, is (10 mA/div), measured through 10 H at the source at full rated load current and Vin = 48 V. Refer to Fig. 1.2V.11 for test setup. Time scale: 1 s/div. Fig. 1.2V.13: Input reflected ripple current, ic (100 mA/div), measured at input terminals at full rated load current and Vin = 48 V. Refer to Fig. 1.2V.11 for test setup. Time scale: 1 s/div. 1.5 Vout [Vdc] 1.0 0.5 0 0 15 30 45 60 Iout [Adc] Fig. 1.2V.14: Output voltage vs. load current showing current limit point and converter shutdown point. Input voltage has almost no effect on current limit characteristic. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Fig. 1.2V.15: Load current (top trace, 20 A/div, 20 ms/div) into a 10 m short circuit during restart, at Vin = 48 V. Bottom trace (20 A/div, 1 ms/div) is an expansion of the on-time portion of the top trace. Page 31 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output Electrical Specifications: QM48T45010 (1.0 Volt Out) Conditions: TA = 25 C, Airflow = 300 LFM (1.5 m/s), Vin = 48 VDC, Vout = 1.0 VDC, unless otherwise specified. Parameter Notes Min Typ Max Units 1.6 ADC Input Characteristics Maximum Input Current Input Stand-by Current 45 ADC, 1.0 VDC Out @ 36 VDC In Vin = 48 V, converter disabled Input No Load Current (0 load on the output) Vin = 48 V, converter enabled Input Reflected-Ripple Current 25 MHz bandwidth Input Voltage Ripple Rejection 120 Hz 3 mADC 35 mADC 7.5 mAPK-PK TBD dB Output Characteristics Output Voltage Set Point (no load) -40 C to 85 C 0.990 1.000 1.010 VDC 1 3 mV Output Regulation Over Line Over Load 1 Output Voltage Range Output Ripple and Noise - 25 MHz bandwidth Over line, load and temperature Full load + 10 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic External Load Capacitance Plus full load (resistive) 0.985 30 Output Current Range 0 Current Limit Inception Non-latching 47.25 3 mV 1.015 VDC 50 mVPK-PK 40,000 F 45 ADC 53 58 ADC Peak Short-Circuit Current Non-latching, Short = 10 m. 55 65 A RMS Short-Circuit Current Non-latching 12 18 Arms Dynamic Response Load Change 25% of Iout Max, di/dt = 1A/s Co = 470 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic 160 mV Settling Time to 1% 150 s 100% Load 80.5 % 50% Load 84.5 % 50 50 40 40 Load Current [Adc] Load Current [Adc] Efficiency 30 500 LFM (2.5 m/s) 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) NC - 30 LFM (0.15 m/s) 20 10 30 500 LFM (2.5 m/s) 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) NC - 30 LFM (0.15 m/s) 20 10 0 0 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 20 90 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Ambient Temperature [C] Ambient Temperature [C] Fig. 1.0V.1: Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airflow rates for QM48T45010 converter with B height pins mounted vertically with Vin = 48 V, air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1, and MOSFET temperature 120 C. Fig. 1.0V.2: Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airflow rates for QM48T45010 converter with B height pins mounted horizontally with Vin = 48 V, air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1, and MOSFET temperature 120 C. Note: NC - Natural convection MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Page 32 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output 0.90 0.90 0.85 0.85 0.80 0.80 Efficiency Efficiency QM48T45010 (1.0 Volt Out) 0.75 0.70 0.75 0.70 72 V 48 V 36 V 0.65 70 C 55 C 40 C 0.65 0.60 0.60 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 Load Current [Adc] Fig. 1.0V.3: Efficiency vs. load current and input voltage for converter mounted vertically with air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) and Ta = 25 C. 30 40 50 Fig. 1.0V.4: Efficiency vs. load current and ambient temperature for converter mounted vertically with Vin = 48 V and air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 200 LFM (1.0 m/s). 15 15.00 12 12.00 Power Dissipation [W] Power Dissipation [W] 20 Load Current [Adc] 9 6 72 V 48 V 36 V 3 9.00 6.00 70 C 55 C 40 C 3.00 0.00 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 Fig. 1.0V.5: Power dissipation vs. load current and input voltage for converter mounted vertically with air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) and Ta = 25 C. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 Load Current [Adc] Load Current [Adc] Page 33 of 36 Fig. 1.0V.6: Power dissipation vs. load current and ambient temperature for converter mounted vertically with Vin = 48 V and air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 200 LFM (1.0 m/s). www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output QM48T45010 (1.0 Volt Out) Fig. 1.0V.7: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive) with no output capacitor at Vin = 48 V, triggered via ON/OFF pin. Top trace: ON/OFF signal (5 V/div.). Bottom trace: output voltage (1V/div.) Time scale: 2 ms/div. Fig. 1.0V.8: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive) plus 40,000 F at Vin = 48 V, triggered via ON/OFF pin. Top trace: ON/OFF signal (5 V/div.). Bottom trace: output voltage (1 V/div.). Time scale: 2 ms/div. Fig. 1.0V.9: Output voltage response to load current step-change (22.5 A - 33.75 A - 22.5 A) at Vin = 48 V. Top trace: output voltage (100 mV/div.). Bottom trace: load current (10 A/div). Current slew rate: 1 A/s. Co = 470 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic. Time scale: 0.2 ms/div. Fig. 1.0V.10: Output voltage ripple (20 mV/div.) at full rated load current into a resistive load with Co = 10 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic and Vin = 48 V. Time scale: 1 s/div. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Page 34 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output QM48T45010 (1.0 Volt Out) iS iC 10 H source inductance V source 33 F ESR < 1 electrolytic capacitor QmaX TM Series DC-DC Converter 1 F ceramic Vout capacitor Fig. 1.0V.11: Test Setup for measuring input reflected ripple currents, ic and is. Fig. 1.0V.12: Input reflected ripple current, is (10 mA/div), measured through 10 H at the source at full rated load current and Vin = 48 V. Refer to Fig. 1.0V.11 for test setup. Time scale: 1 s/div. Fig. 1.0V.13: Input reflected ripple current, ic (100 mA/div), measured at input terminals at full rated load current and Vin = 48 V. Refer to Fig. 1.0V.11 for test setup. Time scale: 1 s/div. 1.5 Vout [Vdc] 1.0 0.5 0 0 15 30 45 60 Iout [Adc] Fig. 1.0V.14: Output voltage vs. load current showing current limit point and converter shutdown point. Input voltage has almost no effect on current limit characteristic. Fig. 1.0V.15: Load current (top trace, 20 A/div, 20 ms/div) into a 10 m short circuit during restart, at Vin = 48 V. Bottom trace (20 A/div, 1 ms/div) is an expansion of the on-time portion of the top trace. Physical Information MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Page 35 of 36 www.power-one.com QM48T45 Family DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 36-75 VDC Input; 1.0-3.3 VDC @ 45 A Output Pad/Pin Connections Pad/Pin # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 8 1 7 TOP VIEW 2 6 5 3 4 SIDE VIEW Function Vin (+) ON/OFF Vin (-) Vout (-) SENSE(-) TRIM SENSE(+) Vout (+) QM48T Platform Notes * * * QM48T Pinout (Through-hole) * * Height Option A B D HT (Max. Height) +0.000 [+0.00] -0.038 [- 0.97] 0.325 [8.26] 0.358 [9.09] 0.422 [10.72] CL (Min. Clearance) +0.016 [+0.41] -0.000 [- 0.00] 0.030 [0.77] 0.063 [1.60] 0.127 [3.23] PL Pin Length Pin Option * All dimensions are in inches [mm] Pins 1-3 and 5-7 are O 0.040" [1.02] with O 0.078" [1.98] shoulder Pins 4 and 8 are O 0.062" [1.57] without shoulder Pin Material: Brass Pin Finish: Tin/Lead over Nickel or Matte Tin over Nickel for "G" version Converter Weight: 1.1 oz [31.5 g] typical 0.005 [0.13] A B C 0.188 [4.77] 0.145 [3.68] 0.110 [2.79] Converter Part Numbering/Ordering Information Product Series Input Voltage Mounting Scheme Rated Load Current Output Voltage QM 48 T 45 033 QuarterBrick Format T Throughhole 36-75 V 45 ADC - 010 1.0 V 012 1.2 V 015 1.5 V 018 1.8 V 020 2.0 V 025 2.5 V 033 3.3 V ON/OFF Logic Maximum Height [HT] Pin Length [PL] Special Features N B A 0 N Negative Through hole Through hole P Positive A 0.325" B 0.358" D 0.422" A 0.188" B 0.145" C 0.110" 0 STD Environmental No Suffix RoHS lead-solderexemption compliant G RoHS compliant for all six substances The example above describes P/N QM48T45033-NBA0: 36-75 V input, through-hole mounting, 45 A @ 3.3 V output, negative ON/OFF logic, a maximum height of 0.358", a through the board pin length of 0.188", and Eutectic Tin/Lead solder. Please consult factory for the complete list of available options. Models highlighted in yellow or shaded are not recommended for new designs. NUCLEAR AND MEDICAL APPLICATIONS - Power-One products are not designed, intended for use in, or authorized for use as critical components in life support systems, equipment used in hazardous environments, or nuclear control systems without the express written consent of the respective divisional president of Power-One, Inc. TECHNICAL REVISIONS - The appearance of products, including safety agency certifications pictured on labels, may change depending on the date manufactured. Specifications are subject to change without notice. MCD10073 Rev. 1.0 Page 36 of 36 www.power-one.com