MIC5233 High Input Voltage Low IQ Cap LDO Regulator General Description Features The MIC5233 is a 100mA highly accurate, low dropout regulator with high input voltage and ultra-low ground current. This combination of high voltage and low ground current makes the MIC5233 ideal for multi-cell Li-Ion battery systems. A Cap LDO design, the MIC5233 is stable with either ceramic or tantalum output capacitor. It only requires a 2.2F capacitor for stability. Features of the MIC5233 include enable input, thermal shutdown, current limit, reverse battery protection, and reverse leakage protection. Available in fixed and adjustable output voltage versions, the MIC5233 is offered in the IttyBitty(R) SOT-23-5 package with a junction temperature range of -40C to +125C. * * * * * * * * * * * * Data sheets and support documentation can be found on Micrel's web site at www.micrel.com. Applications * * * * * * Wide input voltage range: 2.3V to 36V Ultra low ground current: 18A Low dropout voltage of 270mV at 100mA High output accuracy of 2.0% over temperature Cap: stable with ceramic or tantalum capacitors Excellent line and load regulation specifications Zero shutdown current Reverse battery protection Reverse leakage protection Thermal shutdown and current limit protection IttyBitty(R) SOT-23-5 package Keep-alive supply in notebook and portable computers USB power supply Logic supply for high-voltage batteries Automotive electronics Battery powered systems 3-4 cell Li-Ion battery input range ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Typical Application MIC5233BM5 VIN 1 2 CIN=1.0F OFF ON 3 EN VOUT 5 R1 COUT=2.2F ceramic R2 IGND=18A 4 Ultra-Low Current Adjustable Regulator Application Ground Current vs. Input Voltage IttyBitty is a registered trademark of Micrel, Inc Micrel Inc. * 2180 Fortune Drive * San Jose, CA 95131 * USA * tel +1 (408) 944-0800 * fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 * http://www.micrel.com September 2009 M9999-092109 Micrel, Inc. MIC5233 Ordering Information(1) Part Number Voltage Junction Temp. Range Package L318 1.8V -40C to +125C SOT-23-5 L325 2.5V -40C to +125C SOT-23-5 MIC5233-3.0YM5 L330 3.0V -40C to +125C SOT-23-5 L333 MIC5233-3.3YM5 L333 3.3V -40C to +125C SOT-23-5 MIC5233-5.0BM5 L350 MIC5233-5.0YM5 L350 5.0V -40C to +125C SOT-23-5 MIC5233BM5 L3AA MIC5233YM5 L3AA ADJ. -40C to +125C SOT-23-5 Standard Marking Pb-Free Marking MIC5233-1.8BM5 L318 MIC5233-1.8YM5 MIC5233-2.5BM5 L325 MIC5233-2.5YM5 MIC5233-3.0BM5 L330 MIC5233-3.3BM5 Note: 1. Other Voltage available. Contact Micrel for detail. Pin Configuration 5-Pin SOT-23 (M5) Pin Description Pin Number Pin Name Pin Function 1 IN Supply Input. 2 GND 3 EN 4 NC (fixed) No Connect ADJ (adj.) Adjust (Input): 5 September 2009 OUT Ground. Enable (Input): Logic low = shutdown; logic high = enable Feedback input. Connect to resistive voltage-divider network. Regulator Output. 2 M9999-092109 Micrel, Inc. MIC5233 Absolute Maximum Ratings(1) Operating Ratings(2) Input Supply Voltage ........................................ -20V to 38V Enable Input Voltage....................................... -0.3V to 38V Power Dissipation .....................................Internally Limited Junction Temperature ...............................-40C to +125C Storage Temperature ................................-65C to +150C ESD Rating, Note 3 Input Supply Voltage ........................................ 2.3V to 36V Enable Input Voltage............................................ 0V to 36V Junction Temperature (TJ) ........................ -40C to +125C Package Thermal Resistance SOT-23-5 (JA) ........................................................................... 235C/W Electrical Characteristics(4) TA = 25C with VIN = VOUT + 1V; IOUT = 100A; VEN 2V; Bold values indicate -40C<TJ<+125C; unless otherwise specified. Parameter Condition Min Output Voltage Accuracy Variation from nominal VOUT Typ Max Units -1.0 +1.0 % -2.0 +2.0 % Line Regulation VIN = VOUT + 1V to 36V 0.04 0.5 % Load Regulation IOUT = 100A to 100mA 0.25 1 % Dropout Voltage IOUT = 100A 50 IOUT = 50mA 230 270 IOUT = 100mA Ground Current 18 IOUT = 100A mV 300 mV 400 mV 400 mV 450 mV 30 A 35 A IOUT = 50mA 0.25 0.70 mA IOUT = 100mA 1 2 mA Ground Current in Shutdown VEN 0.6V; VIN = 36V 0.1 1 A Short Circuit Current VOUT = 0V 190 350 mA Output Leakage, Reverse Polarity Input Load = 500; VIN = -15V -0.1 A Enable Input Input Low Voltage Regulator OFF Input High Voltage Regulator ON 2.0 Enable Input Current VEN = 0.6V; Regulator OFF -1.0 Start-Up Time 0.6 V V 0.01 1.0 A VEN = 2.0V; Regulator ON 0.1 1.0 A VEN = 36V; Regulator ON 0.5 2.5 A Guaranteed by design 1.7 7 msec Notes: 1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device. 2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. 3. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. Human body model, 1.5k in series with 100pF. 4. Specification for packaged product only. September 2009 3 M9999-092109 Micrel, Inc. MIC5233 Typical Characteristics September 2009 4 M9999-092109 Micrel, Inc. September 2009 MIC5233 5 M9999-092109 Micrel, Inc. MIC5233 Functional Diagram OUT IN EN ENABLE R1 VREF R2 GND Bloack Diagram - Fixed Output Voltage OUT IN EN ENABLE R1 VREF ADJ R2 GND Bloack Diagram - Adjustable Output Voltage September 2009 6 M9999-092109 Micrel, Inc. MIC5233 of the device and the following basic equation: Application Information TJ(MAX ) - TA PD(MAX ) = JA Enable/Shutdown The MIC5233 comes with an active-high enable pin that allows the regulator to be disabled. Forcing the enable pin low disables the regulator and sends it into a "zero" off-mode-current state. In this state, current consumed by the regulator goes nearly to zero. Forcing the enable pin high enables the output voltage. TJ(MAX) is the maximum junction temperature of the die, 125C, and TA is the ambient operating temperature. JA is layout dependent; Table 1 shows examples of the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance for the MIC5233. JA Recommended Minimum Footprint 235C/W Package Input Capacitor The MIC5233 has high input voltage capability up to 36V. The input capacitor must be rated to sustain voltages that may be used on the input. An input capacitor may be required when the device is not near the source power supply or when supplied by a battery. Small, surface mount, ceramic capacitors can be used for bypassing. A larger value may be required if the source supply has high ripple. SOT-23-5 Table 1. SOT-23-5 Thermal Resistance The actual power dissipation of the regulator circuit can be determined using the equation: PD = (VIN - VOUT)IOUT + VINxIGND Substituting PD(MAX) for PD and solving for the operating conditions that are critical to the application will give the maximum operating conditions for the regulator circuit. For example, when operating the MIC5233-3.0BM5 at 50C with a minimum footprint layout, the maximum input voltage for a set output current can be determined as follows: Output Capacitor The MIC5233 requires an output capacitor for stability. The design requires 2.2F or greater on the output to maintain stability. The design is optimized for use with low-ESR ceramic chip capacitors. High-ESR capacitors may cause high frequency oscillation. The maximum recommended ESR is 3. The output capacitor can be increased without limit. Larger valued capacitors help to improve transient response. X7R/X5R dielectric-type ceramic capacitors are recommended because of their temperature performance. X7R-type capacitors change capacitance by 15% over their operating temperature range and are the most stable type of ceramic capacitors. Z5U and Y5V dielectric capacitors change value by as much as 50% and 60% respectively over their operating temperature ranges. To use a ceramic chip capacitor with Y5V dielectric, the value must be much higher than an X7R ceramic capacitor to ensure the same minimum capacitance over the equivalent operating temperature range. 125C - 50C PD(MAX ) = 235C / W PD(MAX) = 319mW The junction-to-ambient (JA) thermal resistance for the minimum footprint is 235C/W, from Table 1. It is important that the maximum power dissipation not be exceeded to ensure proper operation. Since the MIC5233 was designed to operate with high input voltages, careful consideration must be given so as not to overheat the device. With very high input-to-output voltage differentials, the output current is limited by the total power dissipation. Total power dissipation is calculated using the following equation: PD = (VIN - VOUT)IOUT + VIN x IGND Due to the potential for input voltages up to 36V, ground current must be taken into consideration. If we know the maximum load current, we can solve for the maximum input voltage using the maximum power dissipation calculated for a 50C ambient, 319mV. PD(MAX) = (VIN - VOUT)IOUT + VIN x IGND 319mW = (VIN - 3V)100mA + VIN x 2.8mA Ground pin current is estimated using the typical characteristics of the device. 619mW = VIN (102.8mA) VIN = 6.02V For higher current outputs only a lower input voltage will work for higher ambient temperatures. No-Load Stability The MIC5233 will remain stable and in regulation with no load unlike many other voltage regulators. This is especially important in CMOS RAM keep-alive applications. Thermal Consideration The MIC5233 is designed to provide 100mA of continuous current in a very small package. Maximum power dissipation can be calculated based on the output current and the voltage drop across the part. To determine the maximum power dissipation of the package, use the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance September 2009 7 M9999-092109 Micrel, Inc. MIC5233 Assuming a lower output current of 10mA, the maximum input voltage can be recalculated: 319mW = (VIN - 3V)10mA + VIN x 0.1mA 349mW = VIN x 10.1mA VIN = 34.9V Maximum input voltage for a 10mA load current at 50C ambient temperature is 34.9V, utilizing virtually the entire operating voltage range of the device. R VOUT = VREF 1 + 1 R2 Where VREF = 1.24V. Feedback resistor R2 should be no larger than 300k. VIN IN OUT EN ADJ. VOUT R1 Adjustable Regulator Application The MIC5233BM5 can be adjusted from 1.24V to 20V by using two external resistors (Figure 1). The resistors set the output voltage based on the following equation: 1.0F Figure 1. September 2009 MIC5233BM5 8 GND 2.2F R2 Adjustable Voltage Application M9999-092109 Micrel, Inc. MIC5233 Package Information 5-Pin SOT-23 (M5) MICREL, INC. 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA TEL +1 (408) 944-0800 FAX +1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http://www.micrel.com The information furnished by Micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer. Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser's use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is a Purchaser's own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. (c) 2003 Micrel, Incorporated. September 2009 9 M9999-092109