1996 Nov 06 1
Philips Components
Electrolytic Capacitors Tests and Requirements
TESTS AND REQUIREMENTS
This chapter contains an abridged version of tests and requirements given in
“IEC 384-4”
or
“CECC 30300”
respectively.
Series specific tests and requirements are given in the relevant detail specification of this data handbook.
Correct sequence of measurement for electrical parameters in accordance with
“IEC 384-4”
:
1. Leakage current
2. Capacitance
3. Tan δ or ESR
4. Impedance.
Table 1 Non-solid aluminium types
NAME OF
TEST
IEC 384-4/
CECC 30300
subclause
IEC 68-2
TEST
METHOD
PROCEDURE
(quick reference) REQUIREMENTS
Robustness of
terminations 4.4
Tensile
strength Ua leaded types:
loading force 10 N for 10 s;
power types:
loading force 20 N for 10 s
no visible damage
Bending Ub leaded types: loading force 5 N;
two consecutive bends no visible damage
Torsion Uc leaded types, axial: two successive
rotations of 180° in opposite
direction; 5 s per rotation
no visible damage
Torque on
nut (stud) Ud power types/screw terminal: torque
of 1.76 Nm gradually applied no visible damage
Resistance to
soldering heat 4.5 Tb
(method 1A) solder bath: 260 °C; 10 s no visible damage;
marking legible
∆C/C: ±5%
Solderability 4.6 Ta solder bath: 235 °C; 2 s; immersed
up to 2 mm from the body;
non-activated flux
no visible damage;
marking legible
≥95% tinning
Rapid
change of
temperature
4.7 Na for power capacitors: 5 cycles of
3 hours at lower and upper category
temperature
for axial, radial and SMD capacitors:
5 cycles of 30 minutes at lower and
upper category temperature
no visible damage;
no leakage of electrolyte
Vibration
(note 1) 4.8 Fc long-life grade types:
10 to 500 Hz; 0.75 mm or 10 g
(whichever is less); 3 directions;
2 hours per direction
no visible damage;
no leakage of electrolyte;
marking legible
∆C/C ±5% with respect to initial
measurements
general-purpose grade and
Form MR types: 10 to 55 Hz;
0.75 mm or 10 g (whichever is less);
3 directions; 2 hours per direction
1996 Nov 06 2
Philips Components
Electrolytic Capacitors Tests and Requirements
Note
1. For vibration and bump testing, the components shall be mounted by their terminations (with mounting accessories
where applicable). The following capacitors shall also be clamped by their body:
a) Radial types: ∅Dnom ≥12.5 mm; Lnom ≥15 mm
b) Axial types: ∅Dnom ≥12.5 mm; Lnom ≥30 mm.
Bump
(note 1) 4.9 Eb long-life grade types:
40 g; 2 directions; 4000 bumps total no visible damage;
no leakage of electrolyte
∆C/C: ±5% with respect to initial
measurement
general-purpose grade types:
40 g; 2 directions; 1000 bumps total
Climatic
sequence 4.11
Dry heat 4.11.1 Ba 16 hours at upper category
temperature; no voltage applied no visible damage;
no leakage of electrolyte
Damp heat,
cyclic 4.11.2 Db 1 cycle (55 °C→25 °C) of
24 hours; RH 95 to 100%;
no voltage applied
Cold 4.11.3 Aa 2 hours at lower category
temperature; no voltage applied no visible damage;
no leakage of electrolyte
Low air
pressure 4.11.4 M 5 minutes at 25 ±10 °C; at
atmospheric pressure of 8.5 kPa;
UR applied during last minute
no visible damage;
no evidence of breakdown or
flashover
Damp heat,
cyclic 4.11.5 Db 5 cycles (55 °C→25 °C) of
24 hours each; RH 95 to 100%;
no voltage applied
Sealing 4.11.6 Qc 1 minute in water at 90 °C no continuous chain of bubbles
4.11.7 final measurement after climatic
sequence no visible damage;
no leakage of electrolyte;
marking legible
leakage current ≤stated limit
tan δ≤1.2 ×stated limit
∆C/C: ±10%
Insulation
resistance 4.3.5 external insulation:
foil method insulation resistance≥100 MΩ
Voltage proof 4.3.6 external insulation:
foil method; 1000 V for 1 minute no breakdown or flashover
NAME OF
TEST
IEC 384-4/
CECC 30300
subclause
IEC 68-2
TEST
METHOD
PROCEDURE
(quick reference) REQUIREMENTS
1996 Nov 06 3
Philips Components
Electrolytic Capacitors Tests and Requirements
Non-solid aluminium types (continued)
NAME OF
TEST
IEC 384-4/
CECC 30300
subclause
IEC 68-2
TEST
METHOD
PROCEDURE
(quick reference) REQUIREMENTS
Damp heat,
steady state 4.12 Ca 56 days at 40 °C; RH 90 to 95%;
no voltage applied no visible damage;
no leakage of electrolyte;
marking legible
leakage current ≤stated limit
tan δ≤1.2 ×stated limit
insulation resistance >100 MΩ;
no breakdown or flashover below
1000 V
long-life grade types:
∆C/C: ±10%
general-purpose grade types:
∆C/C: ±20%
Endurance 4.13 for test duration, refer to the
relevant data sheet in this data
handbook; at upper category
temperature; UR applied
no visible damage;
no leakage of electrolyte;
marking legible
leakage current ≤ stated limit
insulation resistance >100 MΩ;
no breakdown or flashover below
1000 V
long-life grade types:
UR≤6.3 V; ∆C/C: +15/−30%;
UR10 to 160 V; ∆C/C: ±15%;
UR≥200 V; ∆C/C: ±10%
tan δ≤1.3 ×stated limit
impedance ≤2×stated limit
general-purpose grade types:
UR≤6.3 V; ∆C/C: +25/−40%;
UR10 to 160 V; ∆C/C: ±30%;
UR≥200 V; ∆C/C: ±15%
tan δ≤1.5 ×stated limit or 0.40
(whichever is greater)
impedance ≤3×stated limit
Surge 4.14 from source of
1.15 ×UR for UR≤315 V or
1.1 ×UR for UR>315 V:
RC = 0.1 ±0.05 s;
1000 cycles of 30 s on, 330 s off
no visible damage;
no leakage of electrolyte
leakage current ≤ stated limit
tan δ≤stated limit
∆C/C: ±15%
long-life grade types:
at upper category temperature
general-purpose grade types:
at 25 °C
1996 Nov 06 4
Philips Components
Electrolytic Capacitors Tests and Requirements
Reverse
voltage 4.15 1 V in reverse polarity followed by
UR in forward polarity, both for
125 hours at upper category
temperature
leakage current ≤ stated limit
tan δ≤stated limit
∆C/C: ±10%
Pressure relief
(for types with
vent only)
4.16 DC voltage applied in reverse
direction producing a current of
1to10A
pressure relief opens prior to
danger of explosion or fire
Storage at
upper
category
temperature
4.17 Ba test duration 500 hours at upper
category temperature; for longer
test duration (shelf life), refer to the
relevant data sheet in this data
handbook
no visible damage;
no leakage of electrolyte
leakage current ≤2×stated limit
tan δ≤1.2 ×stated limit
∆C/C: ±10%
Storage at low
temperature 4.18 Ab 72 hours at the lower category
temperature no visible damage;
no leakage of electrolyte
leakage current ≤stated limit
tan δ≤stated limit
∆C/C: ±10%
Characteristics
at high and low
temperatures
4.19 step 1: reference measurement of
impedance at 20 °C and 100 Hz
Aa step 2: measurement at lower
category temperature impedance at 100 Hz:
≤7×value of step 1 for
UR≤6.3 V or UR>160 V;
≤5×value of step 1 for
6.3 V <UR≤16 V;
≤4×value of step 1 for
16V<UR≤160 V
Ba step 3: measurement at upper
category temperature leakage current:
≤10 ×stated limit at 125 °C;
≤8×stated limit at 105 °C;
≤5×stated limit at 85 °C;
≤3×stated limit at 70 °C
Charge and
discharge 4.20 for UR≤160 V: 106cycles of 0.5 s
charge to UR (RC = 0.1 s) and 0.5 s
discharge (RC = 0.1 s);
for UR>160 V: under consideration
no visible damage;
no leakage of electrolyte
∆C/C: ±10%
Additional tests in accordance with IEC 384-1 and EN 130000
Solvent
resistance 4.31 Xa immersion: 5 ±0.5 minutes with or
without ultrasonic at 55 ±0.5 °C
solvents: demineralized water
and/or calgonite solution (20 g/l)
visual appearance not affected
Passive
flammability 4.38 IEC 695-2-2 needle flame test category of flammability: B
NAME OF
TEST
IEC 384-4/
CECC 30300
subclause
IEC 68-2
TEST
METHOD
PROCEDURE
(quick reference) REQUIREMENTS
1996 Nov 06 5
Philips Components
Electrolytic Capacitors Tests and Requirements
Table 2 Solid aluminium types, SAL
Notes
1. SPECIAL PLIERS MUST BE USED TO PROTECT THE CELL BODY AND CONSEQUENTLY KEEP THE
BENDING LOCATION UNDER CONTROL.
2. Axial capacitors shall be mounted by clamping both the body and the leads.
NAME OF
TEST
IEC 384-4/
CECC 30300
subclause
IEC 68-2
TEST
METHOD
PROCEDURE
(quick reference) REQUIREMENTS
Robustness
of terminations 4.4
Tensile
strength Ua loading force; note 1:
10 N for 10 s no visible damage
Bending Ub loading force; note 1:
5 N; two consecutive bends no visible damage
Torsion
(axial types) Uc two successive rotations of 180°
in opposite direction;
5 s duration per rotation
no visible damage
Resistance to
soldering heat 4.5 Tb
(method 1A) radial types:
solder bath: 260 °C; 10 s no visible damage;
markings legible
∆C/C: ±5% with respect to initial
measurement
Tb
(method 1B) axial types:
solder bath 350 °C for 3.5 s
Solderability 4.6 Ta
(method 1) solder bath: 235 °C; 2 s;
immersed up to 2 mm from the
body; non-activated flux
no visible damage;
marking legible
≥95% tinning
Rapid change
of temperature 4.7 Na 5 cycles of 30 minutes at lower and
upper category temperature no visible damage
leakage current tan δ and
Z≤stated limit
Vibration
(note 2) 4.8 Fc 10 to 500 Hz; 0.75 mm or 10 g
(whichever is less severe);
in 3 directions; 2 hours per direction
no visible damage;
markings legible
∆C/C: ±5% with respect to initial
measurement
10 to 2000 Hz; 1.5 mm or 20 g
(whichever is less severe);
in 3 directions; 2 hours per direction
no visible damage;
markings legible
∆C/C: ±5% with respect to initial
measurement
Bump
(note 2) 4.9 Eb 40 g; 2 directions;
4000 bumps total no visible damage
∆C/C: ±5% with respect to initial
measurement
Shock
(note 2) 4.10 Ea SAL-AG 123:
acceleration:
29400 m/sec2 or 3000 g;
duration of pulse: 0.2 ms;
total number of shocks: 18
no visible damage
∆C/C: ±5% with respect to initial
measurement
1996 Nov 06 6
Philips Components
Electrolytic Capacitors Tests and Requirements
Solid aluminium types, SAL (continued)
NAME OF
TEST
IEC 384-4/
CECC 30300
subclause
IEC 68-2
TEST
METHOD
PROCEDURE
(quick reference) REQUIREMENTS
Climatic
sequence: 4.11
Dry heat 4.11.1 Ba 16 hours at upper category
temperature; no voltage applied
Damp heat,
cyclic 4.11.2 Db 1 cycle (55 °C→25 °C) of
24 hours; RH 95 to 100%;
no voltage applied
Cold 4.11.3 Aa 2 hours at lower category
temperature; no voltage applied
Low air
pressure 4.11.4 M 5 minutes at 25 ±10 °C;
atmospheric pressure: 8.5 kPa; UR
applied during last minute of test
no breakdown, flashover, or
harmful deformation of case
Damp heat,
cyclic 4.11.5 Db 5 cycles (55 °C→25 °C) of
24 hours each; 25 °C;
RH 95 to 100%; no voltage applied
4.11.7 final measurements after climatic
sequence no visible damage;
markings legible
leakage current ≤ stated limit
tan δand Z ≤1.2 ×stated limit
axial types:
∆C/C: ±5% with respect to initial
measurement
radial types:
∆C/C: ±10% with respect to initial
measurement
Damp heat,
steady state 4.12 Ca 56 days at 40 °C; RH 90-95%;
no voltage applied no visible damage;
markings legible
leakage current ≤stated limit
tan δand Z ≤1.2 ×stated limit
∆C/C: ±10% of initial
measurement
Insulation
resistance 4.3.5 external insulation:
foil method insulation resistance
≥100 MΩ
Voltage proof 4.3.6 external insulation:
foil method; 1000 V for 1 minute no breakdown or flashover
1996 Nov 06 7
Philips Components
Electrolytic Capacitors Tests and Requirements
Solid aluminium types, SAL (continued)
NAME OF
TEST
IEC 384-4/
CECC 30300
subclause
IEC 68-2
TEST
METHOD
PROCEDURE
(quick reference) REQUIREMENTS
Endurance 4.13 for test duration, refer to the
relevant data sheet in this data
handbook;
at upper category temperature;
UR applied (note 1)
no visible damage;
markings legible
leakage current ≤stated limit
∆C/C: ±10% with respect to initial
measurement
tan δand Z ≤1.2 ×stated limit
axial types:
insulation resistance ≥100 MΩ;
no breakdown or flashover at
1000 V
Endurance
(additional)
SAL-A
2000 hours at 175 °C;
maximum 0.63 ×UR applied leakage current ≤stated limit
∆C/C: ±20% with respect to initial
measurement
tan δ≤1.5 ×stated limit
Z≤2.5 ×stated limit
Surge 4.14 applied voltage source of
1.15 ×UR (note 1) at 125 °C;
1000 cycles; 30 s on, 330 s off
no visible damage
leakage current ≤stated limit
tan δ≤stated limit
axial types:
∆C/C: ±5% with respect to initial
measurement
radial types:
∆C/C: ±10% with respect to initial
measurement
Reverse
voltage 4.15 0.15 ×UR (note 1) in reverse
polarity at 125 °C, for 125 hours,
followed by UR(note 1) in forward
polarity at 125 °C for 125 hours
leakage current ≤stated limit
∆C/C: ±10% with respect to initial
measurement
tan δand Z ≤stated limit
Reverse
voltage
(additional):
Radial types
0.30 ×UR (note 1) in reverse
polarity at 125 °C for 125 hours,
followed by UR(note 1) in forward
polarity at 125 °C for 125 hours
leakage current stated limit
∆C/C: ±10% with respect to initial
measurement
tan δand Z ≤stated limit
Reverse
voltage
(additional):
SAL-A
0.30 ×UR in reverse polarity at
125 °C for 2000 hours leakage current ≤ stated limit
∆C/C: ±10% with respect to initial
measurement
tan δand Z ≤stated limit
1996 Nov 06 8
Philips Components
Electrolytic Capacitors Tests and Requirements
Notes
1. 25 V for 35 and 40 V versions (capacitor types SAL-RP 122 and SAL-RPM 128).
2. For capacitors type SAL-RP 122 and SAL-RPM 128, 40 V version: <8×the stated limit.
3. Leakage current for SAL-A 123: ≤1.5 ×UR×CR.
Storage at
upper
category
temperature
4.17 Ba 500 hours at upper category
temperature no visible damage
leakage current ≤stated limit
∆C/C: ±5% with respect to initial
measurement
SAL-RPM:
∆C/C ±10% with respect to initial
measurement
Long storage
≥1 year
(additional)
at ambient temperature leakage current ≤stated limit
Characteristic
s at high and
low
temperature
4.19 step 1: reference measurement at
20 °C of capacitance, tan δ and
impedance at 100 Hz
step 2: measurement at −55 °C;
capacitance, tan δ and impedance
at 100 Hz
∆C/C: ±20% with respect to value
in step 1
impedance ratio (100 Hz)
≤2×the value of step 1
tan δ≤2×the stated limit
step 3: measurement at 125 °C;
capacitance, leakage current
(note 1) and tan δ
leakage current
≤15 ×the stated limit;
notes 2 and 3
∆C/C: ±20% of the value
measured in step 1
tan δ≤stated limit
Charge and
discharge 4.20 106cycles charging to UR for 0.5 s,
and then discharging
for 0.5 s
no visible damage
∆C/C: ±5% with respect to initial
measurement
Additional tests in accordance with IEC 384-1 and EN 130000
Solvent
resistance 4.31 Xa immersion:
5±0.5 minutes with or without
ultrasonic at 55 ±0.5 °C
ssolvents:
demineralized water and/or
calgonite solution (20 g/l)
visual appearance not affected
Passive
flammability 4.38 IEC
695-2-2 needle flame test category of flammability: B
NAME OF
TEST
IEC 384-4/
CECC 30300
subclause
IEC 68-2
TEST
METHOD
PROCEDURE
(quick reference) REQUIREMENTS
