General Description
The MAX3051 interfaces between the CAN protocol
controller and the physical wires of the bus lines in a
controller area network (CAN). The MAX3051 provides
differential transmit capability to the bus and differential
receive capability to the CAN controller. The MAX3051
is primarily intended for +3.3V single-supply applications
that do not require the stringent fault protection specified
by the automotive industry (ISO 11898).
The MAX3051 features four different modes of opera-
tion: high-speed, slope-control, standby, and shutdown
mode. High-speed mode allows data rates up to 1Mbps.
The slope-control mode can be used to program the slew
rate of the transmitter for data rates of up to 500kbps.
This reduces the effects of EMI, thus allowing the use
of unshielded twisted or parallel cable. In standby mode,
the transmitter is shut off and the receiver is pulled high,
placing the MAX3051 in low-current mode. In shutdown
mode, the transmitter and receiver are switched off.
The MAX3051 input common-mode range is from -7V to
+12V, exceeding the ISO 11898 specification of -2V to
+7V. These features, and the programmable slew-rate
limiting, make the part ideal for nonautomotive, harsh
environments. The MAX3051 is available in 8-pin SO and
SOT23 packages and operates over the -40°C to +85°C
extended temperature range.
Applications
●Printers JetLink
●Industrial Control and Networks
●Telecom Backplane
●Consumer Applications
Benets and Features
●Use 3V Microcontroller with Same LDO
• Low +3.3V Single-Supply Operation
●Common Mode Range Exceeds the ISO11898
Standard (-2V to +7V)
• Wide -7V to +12V Common-Mode Range
●Uses Minimal Board Space
• SOT23 Package
●Flexible Operation Optimizes Performance
and Power Consumption for Reduced Thermal
Dissipation
• Four Operating Modes
• High-Speed Operation Up to 1Mbps
• Slope-Control Mode to Reduce EMI (Up to
500kbps)
• Standby Mode
• Low-Current Shutdown Mode
●Robust Protection Increases System Reliability
• ±12kV Human Body Model ESD Protection
• Thermal Shutdown
• Current Limiting
Typical Operating Circuit at end of data sheet.
+Denotes lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.
T = Tape and reel
PART TEMP RANGE PIN-
PACKAGE
TOP
MARK
MAX3051ESA+ -40°C to +85°C 8 SO —
MAX3051EKA+T -40°C to +85°C 8 SOT23-8 AEKF
CANL
SHDNRXD
1
+
2
8
7
RS
CANHGND
VCC
TXD
SO/SOT23
TOP VIEW
3
4
6
5
MAX3051
MAX3051 +3.3V, 1Mbps, Low-Supply-Current
CAN Transceiver
19-3274; Rev 3; 2/15
Ordering Information
Pin Conguration
VCC to GND ............................................................-0.3V to +6V
TXD, RS, SHDN to GND ......................................... -0.3V to +6V
RXD to GND ............................................................ -0.3V to +6V
CANH, CANL to GND .........................................-7.5V to +12.5V
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C)
8-Pin SO (derate 5.9mW/°C above +70°C) ................. 470mW
8-Pin SOT23 (derate 5.1mW/°C above +70°C) .......408.2mW
Operating Temperature Range ........................... -40°C to +85°C
Maximum Junction Temperature .....................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range ............................ -65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature Range (soldering, 10s) ......................+300°C
Soldering Temperature (reflow) .......................................+260°C
(VCC = +3.3V ±5%, RL = 60Ω, CL = 100pF, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +3.3V and
TA = +25°C.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Supply Current IS
Dominant 35 70 mA
Recessive 2 5
Standby 8 15 µA
Shutdown Current ISHDN VSHDN = VCC, TXD = VCC or unconnected 1 µA
Thermal-Shutdown Threshold VTSH +160 °C
Thermal-Shutdown Hysteresis 25 °C
TXD INPUT LEVELS
High-Level Input Voltage VIH 2 VCC + 0.3V V
Low-Level Input Voltage VIL 0.8 V
Input Capacitance CIN 5 pF
Pullup Resistor RINTXD 50 100 kΩ
CANH, CANL TRANSMITTER
Recessive Bus Voltage VCANH,
VCANL
VTXD = VCC, no load 2 2.3 3 V
VTXD = VCC, no load, VRS = VCC
(standby mode) -100 +100 mV
Off-State Output Leakage -2V < VCANH, VCANL < +7V, SHDN = HIGH -250 +250 µA
Input Leakage Current VCC = 0V, VCANH = VCANL = 5V -250 +250 µA
CANH Output Voltage VCANH VTXD = 0V 2.45 V
CANL Output Voltage VCANL VTXD = 0V 1.25 V
Differential Output (VCANH -
VCANL)
VTXD = 0V 1.5 3.0 V
VTXD = 0V, RL = 45Ω 1.2 3.0
VTXD = VCC, no load -500 +50 mV
VTXD = VCC, RL = 60Ω -120 +12
MAX3051 +3.3V, 1Mbps, Low-Supply-Current
CAN Transceiver
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Absolute Maximum Ratings
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these
or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
Electrical Characteristics
(VCC = +3.3V ±5%, RL = 60Ω, CL = 100pF, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +3.3V and
TA = +25°C.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
CANH Short-Circuit Current ICANHSC
-7V ≤ VCANH ≤ 0V -200 mA
Minimum foldback current -35
CANL Short-Circuit Current ICANLSC VCC ≤ VCANL ≤ 12V 200 mA
RXD OUTPUT LEVELS
RXD High Output-Voltage Level VOH I = -1mA 0.8 x VCC VCC V
RXD Low Output-Voltage Level VOL I = 4mA 0.4 V
DC BUS RECEIVER (VTXD = VCC; CANH and CANL externally driven; -7V ≤ VCANH, VCANL ≤ +12V,
unless otherwise specied)
Differential Input Voltage
(Recessive) VDIFF
-7V ≤ VCM ≤ +12V 0.5 V
VRS = VCC (standby mode) 0.5
Differential Input Voltage
(Dominant) VDIFF
Dominant 0.9 V
VRS = VCC (standby mode) 1.1
Differential Input Hysteresis VDIFF(HYST) 20 mV
CANH and CANL Input
Resistance RI20 50 kΩ
Differential Input Resistance RDIFF 40 100 kΩ
MODE SELECTION (RS)
Input Voltage for High Speed VSLP 0.3 x VCC V
Input Voltage for Standby VSTBY 0.75 x VCC V
Slope-Control Mode Voltage VSLOPE RRS = 25kΩ to 200kΩ 0.4 x VCC 0.6 x VCC V
High-Speed Mode Current IHS VRS = 0V -500 µA
SHUTDOWN (SHDN)
SHDN Input Voltage High VSHDNH 2 V
SHDN Input Voltage Low VSHDNL 0.8 V
SHDN Pulldown Resistor RINSHDN 50 100 kΩ
MAX3051 +3.3V, 1Mbps, Low-Supply-Current
CAN Transceiver
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Electrical Characteristics (continued)
(VCC = +3.3V ±5%, RL = 60Ω, CL = 100pF, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +3.3V and
TA = +25°C.)
Note 1: All currents into device are positive; all currents out of the device are negative. All voltages are referenced to device
ground, unless otherwise noted.
Note 2: No other devices on the BUS.
Note 3: BUS externally driven.
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Delay TXD to Bus Active
(Figure 1) tONTXD
VRS = 0V (≤ 1Mbps) 50
nsRRS = 25kΩ (≤ 500kbps) 183
RRS = 100kΩ (≤ 125kbps) 770
Delay TXD to Bus Inactive
(Figure 1) tOFFTXD
VRS = 0V (≤ 1Mbps) 70
ns
RRS = 25kΩ (≤ 500kbps) 226
RRS = 100kΩ (≤ 125kbps) 834
Delay Bus to Receiver Active
(Figure 1) tONRXD
VRS = 0V (≤ 1Mbps) 80
nsRRS = 25kΩ (≤ 500kbps) 200
RRS = 100kΩ (≤ 125kbps) 730
Delay Bus to Receiver Inactive
(Figure 1) tOFFRXD
VRS = 0V (≤ 1Mbps) 100
nsRRS = 25kΩ (≤ 500kbps) 245
RRS = 100kΩ (≤ 125kbps) 800
Differential-Output Slew Rate SR
VRS = 0V (≤ 1Mbps) 96
V/μs
RRS = 25kΩ (≤ 500kbps) 12.5
RRSS = 100kΩ (≤ 125kbps) 2.9
RRS = 200kΩ (≤ 62.5kbps) 1.6
Bus Dominant to RXD Active tDRXDL VRS > 0.8 x VCC, standby, Figure 2 1 μs
Standby to Receiver Active tSBRXDL BUS dominant, Figure 2 4 μs
SHDN to Bus Inactive tOFFSHDN TXD = GND, Figure 3 (Note 2) 1 μs
SHDN to Receiver Active tONSHDN BUS dominant, Fi gur e 3 (Note 3) 4 μs
SHDN to Standby tSHDNSB Figure 4 20 μs
ESD Protection Human Body Model ±12 kV
MAX3051 +3.3V, 1Mbps, Low-Supply-Current
CAN Transceiver
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Timing Characteristics
Figure 1. Timing Diagram Figure 2. Timing Diagram for Standby Signal
Figure 3. Timing Diagram for Shutdown Signal Figure 4. Timing Diagram for Shutdown-to-Standby Signal
TXD
VDIFF
0.9V
RXD
0.5V
VCC/2 VCC/2
tONTXD
tONRXD
tOFFTXD
tOFFRXD
VCC/2 VCC/2
Figure 1
RS
VDIFF
tSBRXDL
tDRXDL
1.1V
RXD
BUS EXTERNALLY
DRIVEN
VCC x 0.75
VCC/2 VCC/2
Figure 2
SHDN
VDIFF
tOFFSHDN tONSHDN
RXD
BUS EXTERNALLY
DRIVEN
VCC/2
VCC/2
VCC/2
0.5V
Figure 3
0.75V x VCC
RS
SHDN
VCC/2
tSHDNSB
Figure 4
MAX3051 +3.3V, 1Mbps, Low-Supply-Current
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Timing Diagrams
(VCC = +3.3V, RL = 60Ω, CL = 100pF, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specied.)
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. DATA RATE
MAX3051 toc02
DATA RATE (kbps)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
800600400200
13
16
19
22
25
10
0 1000
TA = +25°C
TA = -40°C
TA = +85°C
SHUTDOWN SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE (SHDN = VCC)
MAX3051 toc03
TEMPERATURE (°C)
SHUTDOWN SUPPLY CURRENT (nA)
603510-15
20
40
60
80
100
120
0
-40 85
DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX3051 toc06
TEMPERATURE (°C)
DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY (ns)
603510-15
10
20
30
40
50
0
-40 85
RRS = GND, DATA RATE = 100kbps
RECESSIVE
DOMINANT
STANDBY SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE (RS = VCC)
MAX3051 toc04
TEMPERATURE (°C)
STANDBY SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
603510-15
8.5
9.0
9.5
10.0
10.5
11.0
8.0
-40 85
RECEIVER OUTPUT LOW
vs. OUTPUT CURRENT
MAX3051 toc07
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
VOLTAGE RXD (V)
40355 10 15 2520 30
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
0
0 45
TA = +25°C
TA = -40°C
TA = -85°C
RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX3051 toc05
TEMPERATURE (°C)
RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY (ns)
603510-15
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
0
-40 85
RRS = GND
RECESSIVE
DOMINANT
SLEW RATE vs. RRS AT 100kbps
MAX3051 toc01
RRS (kΩ)
SLEW RATE (V/
µ
s)
18016014012010080604020
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0
0 200
MAX3051 +3.3V, 1Mbps, Low-Supply-Current
CAN Transceiver
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Typical Operating Characteristics
(VCC = +3.3V, RL = 60Ω, CL = 100pF, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specied.)
DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY
MAX305 1toc12
TXD
1V/div
CAHN - CANL
200ns/div
RS = GND
RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY
MAX3051 toc10
RXD
1v/div
CAHN - CANL
200ns/div
RS = GND
RECEIVER OUTPUT HIGH
vs. OUTPUT CURRENT
MAX3051 toc08
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
RECEIVER OUTPUT HIGH (VCC - RXD) (V)
71 2 3 54 6
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
0
0 8
LOOPBACK PROPAGATION DELAY
vs. RRS
MAX3051toc13
RRS (kΩ)
LOOPBACK PROPAGATION DELAY (ns)
18016014012010080604020
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
0
0 200
DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY
MAX3051 toc11
TXD
2V/div
RRS = 24kΩ
RRS = 75kΩ
RRS = 100kΩ
200ns/div
DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE
vs. DIFFERENTIAL LOAD
MAX3051 toc09
DIFFERENTIAL LOAD RL (Ω)
DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE (V)
200100
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
0
0 300
TA = -85°C
TA = +25°C
TA = -40°C
MAX3051 +3.3V, 1Mbps, Low-Supply-Current
CAN Transceiver
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Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
Figure 5. MAX3051 Functional Diagram
PIN NAME DESCRIPTION
1 TXD Transmit Data Input. TXD is a CMOS/TTL-compatible input from a CAN controller. TXD has an internal
75kΩ pullup resistor.
2 GND Ground
3 VCC Supply Voltage. Bypass VCC to GND with a 0.1μF capacitor.
4 RXD Receive Data Output. RXD is a CMOS/TTL-compatible output.
5 SHDN Shutdown Input, CMOS/TTL-Compatible. Drive SHDN high to put the MAX3051 in shutdown.
SHDN has an internal 75kΩ pulldown resistor to GND.
6 CANL CAN Bus Line Low
7 CANH CAN Bus Line High
8 RS
Mode-Select Input. Drive RS low or connect to GND for high-speed operation. Connect a resistor
between RS and GND to control output slope. Drive RS high to put into standby mode (see the Mode
Selection section).
MAX3051
0.75V
THERMAL
SHUTDOWN
TRANSMITTER
CONTROL
MODE
SELECTION
RECEIVER
VCC
RS
RXD
GND
CANL
CANH
TXD
SHUTDOWN SHDN
VCC
Figure 5
MAX3051 +3.3V, 1Mbps, Low-Supply-Current
CAN Transceiver
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Pin Description
Detailed Description
The MAX3051 interfaces between the CAN protocol con-
troller and the physical wires of the bus lines in a CAN.
It provides differential transmit capability to the bus and
differential receive capability to the CAN controller. It is
primarily intended for +3.3V single-supply applications
that do not require the stringent fault protection specified
by the automotive industry (ISO 11898).
The MAX3051 features four different modes of opera-
tion: high-speed, slope-control, standby, and shutdown
mode. High-speed mode allows data rates up to 1Mbps.
The slope-control mode can be used to program the slew
rate of the transmitter for data rates of up to 500kbps.
This reduces the effects of EMI, thus allowing the use
of unshielded twisted or parallel cable. In standby mode,
the transmitter is shut off and the receiver is pulled high,
placing the MAX3051 in low-current mode. In shutdown
mode, the transmitter and receiver are switched off.
The MAX3051 input common-mode range is from -7V to
+12V, exceeding the ISO 11898 specification of -2V to
+7V. These features, and the programmable slew-rate
limiting, make the part ideal for nonautomotive, harsh
environments.
The transceivers operate from a single +3.3V supply and
draw 35μA of supply current in dominant state and 2μA
in recessive state. In standby mode, supply current is
reduced to 8μA. In shutdown mode, supply current is less
than 1μA.
CANH and CANL are output short-circuit current limited
and are protected against excessive power dissipation by
thermal-shutdown circuitry that places the driver outputs
into a high-impedance state.
Transmitter
The transmitter converts a single-ended input (TXD) from
the CAN controller to differential outputs for the bus lines
(CANH, CANL). The truth table for the transmitter and
receiver is given in Table 1.
Receiver
The receiver reads differential inputs from the bus lines
(CANH, CANL) and transfers this data as a single-ended
output (RXD) to the CAN controller. It consists of a
comparator that senses the difference VDIFF = (CANH -
CANL) with respect to an internal threshold of +0.75V. If
this VDIFF is greater than 0.75, a logic-low is present at
RXD. If VDIFF is less than 0.75V, a logic-high is present.
The receiver always echoes the CAN BUS data.
The CANH and CANL common-mode range is -7V to
+12V. RXD is logic-high when CANH and CANL are
shorted or terminated and undriven.
Mode Selection
High-Speed Mode
Connect RS to ground to set the MAX3051 to high-
speed mode. When operating in high-speed mode, the
MAX3051 can achieve transmission rates of up to 1Mbps.
In high-speed mode, use shielded twisted pair cable to
avoid EMI problems.
Slope-Control Mode
Connect a resistor from RS to ground to select slope-
control mode (Table 2). In slope-control mode, CANH
and CANL slew rates are controlled by the resistor con-
nected to the RS pin. Maximum transmission speeds are
controlled by RRS and range from 40kbps to 500kbps.
Controlling the rise and fall slopes reduces EMI and
allows the use of an unshielded twisted pair or a parallel
pair of wires as bus lines. The equation for selecting the
resistor value is given by:
RRS (kΩ) ≈ 12000 / (maximum speed in kbps)
See the Slew Rate vs. RRS graph in the Typical Operating
Characteristics.
Standby Mode
If a logic-high is applied to RS, the MAX3051 enters a
low-current standby mode. In this mode, the transmitter
Table 1. Transmitter and Receiver Truth Table When Not Connected to the Bus
TXD RS SHDN CANH CANL BUS STATE RXD
Low VRS < 0.75 x
VCC
Low High Low Dominant Low
High or oat VRS < 0.75 x
VCC
Low 5kΩ to 25kΩ to
VCC/2
5kΩ to 25kΩ to
VCC/2 Recessive High
XVRS > 0.75 x
VCC
Low 5kΩ to 25kΩ to
GND
5kΩ to 25kΩ to
GND Recessive High
X X High Unconnected Unconnected Unconnected High
MAX3051 +3.3V, 1Mbps, Low-Supply-Current
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is switched off and the receiver is switched to a low-
current/low-speed state. If dominant bits are detected,
RXD switches to low level. The microcontroller should
react to this condition by switching the transceiver back
to normal operation.
When the MAX3051 enters standby mode, RXD
goes high for 4μs (max) regardless of the BUS state.
However, after 4μs, RXD goes low only when the BUS is
dominant, otherwise RXD remains high (when the BUS
is recessive). For proper measurement of standby-to-
receiver active time (tSBRXDL), the BUS should be in
dominant state (see Figure 2).
Shutdown
Drive SHDN high to enter shutdown mode. Connect
SHDN to ground or leave unconnected for normal
operation.
Thermal Shutdown
If the junction temperature exceeds +160°C, the device
is switched off. The hysteresis is approximately 25°C,
disabling thermal shutdown once the temperature drops
below 135°C. In thermal shutdown, CANH and CANL go
recessive and all IC functions are disabled.
Applications Information
Reduced EMI and Reections
In slope-control mode, the CANH and CANL outputs are
slew-rate limited, minimizing EMI and reducing reflections
caused by improperly terminated cables.
In multidrop CAN applications, it is important to maintain a
direct point-to-point wiring scheme. A single pair of wires
should connect each element of the CAN bus, and the two
ends of the bus should be terminated with 120Ω resistors
(Figure 6). A star configuration should never be used.
Any deviation from the point-to-point wiring scheme cre-
ates a stub. The high-speed edge of the CAN data on
a stub can create reflections back down the bus. These
reflections can cause data errors by eroding the noise
margin of the system.
Although stubs are unavoidable in a multidrop system,
care should be taken to keep these stubs as small as
possible, especially in high-speed mode. In slope-control
mode, the requirements are not as rigorous, but stub
length should still be minimized.
Power Supply and Bypassing
The MAX3051 requires no special layout considerations
beyond common practices. Bypass VCC to GND with a
0.1μF ceramic capacitor mounted close to the IC with
short lead lengths and wide trace widths.
Table 2. Mode Selection Truth Table
CONDITION FORCED AT PIN RS SHDN CANL
VRS < 0.3 x VCC High Speed |IRS| < 500μA
0.4 x VCC <VRS < 0.6 x VCC Slope Control 10μA < |IRS| < 200μA
VRS > 0.75 x VCC Standby |IRS| < 10μA
MAX3051 +3.3V, 1Mbps, Low-Supply-Current
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Figure 6. Multiple Receivers Connected to CAN Bus
PACKAGE
TYPE
PACKAGE
CODE
OUTLINE
NO.
LAND
PATTERN NO.
8 SO S8+4 21-0041 90-0096
8 SOT23 K8F+4 21-0078 90-0176
MAX3051
RL = 120Ω
RL = 120ΩTRANSCEIVER 3
TRANSCEIVER 1
TXD
RXD
CANH
CANL
TWISTED PAIR
STUB
LENGTH
KEEP AS SHORT
AS POSSIBLE
TRANSCEIVER 2
Figure 6
MAX3051
CAN
CONTROLLER
TXD
VCC
RXD
RS GND
CANH
CANL
VCC
TX0
RX0
GND
0.1µF
120Ω
25kΩ TO 200kΩ
120Ω
MAX3051 +3.3V, 1Mbps, Low-Supply-Current
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Typical Operating Circuit
Chip Information
PROCESS: BiCMOS
Package Information
For the latest package outline information and land patterns
(footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note
that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status
only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but
the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.
REVISION
NUMBER
REVISION
DATE DESCRIPTION PAGES
CHANGED
2 10/12 Added lead-free part information to the data sheet 1–13
3 2/15 Updated front page content 1
Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patent licenses
are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits)
shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance.
Maxim Integrated and the Maxim Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
MAX3051 +3.3V, 1Mbps, Low-Supply-Current
CAN Transceiver
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Revision History
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim Integrated’s website at www.maximintegrated.com.
