9, 2015 10 Revision 4.1
Application Information
Enable Shutdown
Enable is not available on devices in the SOT-223 (S)
package.
Forcing EN (enable/shutdown) high (> 2V) enables the
regulator. EN is compatible with CMOS logic. If the
enable/shutdown feature is not required, connect EN to
IN (supply input).
Input Capacitor
A 1µF capacit or shoul d be place d from IN to GND if there
is more than 1 0 inches of wir e between the input and the
AC filter capacitor or if a battery is used as the input.
Output Capacitor
An output capacitor is required between OUT and GND
to prevent oscillation. The minimum size of the output
capacitor is de pendent upon whether a reference bypass
capacitor is used. 1µF minimum is recommended when
CBYP is not used (see Figure 1). 2.2µF minimum is
recommended when CBYP is 470pF (see Figure 2).
Larger values improve the regulator’s transient response.
The output capacitor should have an ESR (equivalent
series resistance) of about 1Ω and a resonant frequency
above 1MH z. Ultra-low-ESR and ceram ic capacitors can
cause a low amplitude oscillation on the output and/or
underdamped transient response. Most tantalum or
aluminum electrolytic capacitors are adequate; film types
will work , but are m ore expensive. Sinc e many alum inum
electrol ytics have electrol ytes that freeze at about –30°C,
solid tantalums are recommended for operation below
−25°C.
At lower values of ou tput c ur rent, les s o utput cap acita nce
is needed for output stability. The capacitor can be
reduced to 0.47µF for current below 10mA or 0.33µF for
currents below 1mA.
No-Load Stability
The MIC52 09 will rem ain stable and in regulation with no
load (other than the internal voltage divider) unlike many
other voltage regulators. This is especially important in
CMOS RAM keep-alive applications.
Reference Bypass Capacitor
BYP (reference bypass) is available only on devices in
SO-8 and TO-263-5 packages.
BYP is connected to the internal voltage reference. A
470pF capacitor (CBYP) connected from BYP to GND
quiets this reference, providing a significant reduction in
output no ise ( ultra-low-noise per f orm anc e) . Becaus e C BYP
reduces the ph as e margin, the out put c apacitor shou ld be
increased to at least 2.2µF to maintain stability.
The start-up speed of the MIC5209 is inversely
proportional to the size of the reference bypass capacitor.
Applications requiring a slow ramp-up of output voltage
should consider larger values of CBYP. Likewise, if rapid
turn-on is necessary, consider omitting CBYP.
If output noise is not critical, omit CBYP and leave BYP
open.
Thermal Considerations
The SOT-223 has a ground tab which allows it to
dissipate more power than the SO-8 (refer to the “Slot-1
Power Supply” sub-section for details). At 25°C ambient,
it will operate reliably at 2W dissipation with “worst-case”
mounting (no ground plane, minimum trace widths, and
FR4 printed circuit board).
Thermal resistance values for the SO-8 represent typical
mounting on a 1”-squ are, copper-clad, FR4 circuit board.
For greater power dissipation, SO-8 versions of the
MIC5209 feature a fused internal lead frame and die
bonding arrangement that reduces thermal resistance
when compared to standard SO-8 packages.
Table 1. MIC5209 Thermal Resistance
Package
JA
JC
SOT-223 (S) 50°C/W 8°C/W
SO-8 (M) 50°C/W 20°C/W
TO-263-5 (U) − 2°C/W
3mm × 3mm DFN (ML) 63°C/W 2°C/W
Multilayer boards with a ground plane, wide traces near
the pads, and large supply-bus lines will have better
thermal conductivity and will also allow additional power
dissipation.
For additional heat sink characteristics, refer to Micrel
Application Hint 17, Designing P.C. Board Heat Sinks,
included in Micrel’s Databook. For a full discussion of
heat sinking and thermal effects on voltage regulators,
refer to the “Regulator Thermals” section of Micrel’s
Designing with Low-Dropout Voltage Regulators
handbook.
Low-Voltage Operation
The MIC5209-1.8 and MIC5209-2.5 require special
consideration when used in voltage-sensitive systems.
They may momentarily overshoot their nominal output
voltages unless appropriate output and bypass capacitor
values are chosen.
During regulator power up, the pass transistor is fully
saturated for a short time, while the error amplifier and
voltage reference ar e being powered u p more slowl y from
the output (see Block Diagrams).