DATASHEET
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
1
FEATURES
High efficiency: 96% @11.8V/33A
Size:
Without Heat spreader:
58.4 x 36.8 x 11.2mm (2.30”x1.45”x0.44”)
With heat spreader:
58.4 x 36.8 x 12.7mm (2.30”x1.45”x0.50”)
PMBus Rev.1.2 compliance
Industry standard, DOSA compliant pin out
Can be connected in parallel directly
Parallel and Droop current sharing
Fixed frequency operation
Input UVLO, Output OCP & OVP, OTP
Monotonic startup into normal and Pre-biased
loads
2250V Isolation and basic insulation
No minimum load required
ISO 9001, TL 9000, ISO 14001, QS 9000,
OHSAS 18001 certified manufacturing facility
UL/cUL 60950-1 (US & Canada) to be
recognized
APPLICATIONS
Telecom / DataCom
Wireless Networks
Optical Network Equipment
Server and Data Storage
Industrial/Test Equipment
OPTIONS
Digital PMBus interface
Parallel and Droop Current sharing
Trim
Positive On/Off logic
With heatspreader
Short pin lengths available
Delphi Series Q48SG Quarter Brick Family
Full Digital Control DC/DC Power Modules:
48V In, 11.8V/33A Out
The Delphi Series Q48SG, 38~75V input, isolated single output,
Quarter Brick, are full digital control DC/DC converters, and are the
latest offering from a world leader in power systems technology and
manufacturing ― Delta Electronics, Inc. The Q48SG series provide
up to 400 watts of power in an industry standard, DOSA compliant
footprint and pin out; the typical efficiency is 96% at 48V input,
11.8V output and 33A load. There is a built-in digital PWM controller
in the Q48SG series, which is used to complete the Vo feedback,
PWM signal generation, droop current sharing, fault protection, and
PWBUS communications, and so on. With the digital control, many
design and application flexibility, advanced performance, and
reliability are obtained; and the Q48SG series can be connected in
parallel directly for higher power without add external oring-fet.
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
(TA=25°C, airflow rate=300 LFM, Vin=48Vdc, nominal Vout unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER
NOTES and CONDITIONS
Q48SG12033 (Standard)
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Input Voltage
Continuous
80
Vdc
Transient (100ms)
100ms
100
Vdc
On/off Pin Voltage
-50
50
V
Other Pin Voltage
Trim/Current Sharing, C2, Data, SMBAlert, Clock, Addr1,
Addr0
-0.3
3.6
V
Operating Ambient Temperature
-40
85
°C
Storage Temperature
-55
125
°C
Input/Output Isolation Voltage
2250
Vdc
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Operating Input Voltage
38
75
Vdc
Input Under-Voltage Lockout
Turn-On Voltage Threshold
32.5
34
35.5
Vdc
Turn-Off Voltage Threshold
30.5
32
33.5
Vdc
Maximum Input Current
Vin=38V, 100% Load,
11
11.2
A
No-Load Input Current
75
110
mA
Off Converter Input Current
18
23
mA
Inrush Current(I2t)
With 100uF external input capacitor
1
A2s
Input Terminal Ripple Current
RMS, With 100uF input cap.
0.32
0.48
A
Input Reflected-Ripple Current
P-P thru 12µH inductor, 5Hz to 20MHz
10
mA
Input Voltage Ripple Rejection
120 Hz
50
dB
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
The module without droop current sharing option code
Output Voltage Set Point
Vin=48V, Io=Io.max, Tc=25°C
11.75
11.8
11.85
Vdc
Output Voltage Regulation
Over Load
Io=Io,min to Io,max
20
50
mV
Over Line
Vin=38V to 75V
20
50
mV
Over Temperature
Tc=-40°C to 125°C
±120
mV
Total Output Voltage Range
over sample load, and temperature, from 38~75V Vin
11.6
11.8
12.0
V
The module with droop current sharing option code
Output Voltage Set Point
Vin=48V, Io=0A, Tc=25°C
12.4
12.45
12.5
Vdc
Output Voltage Regulation
Over Load
Io=Io,min to Io,max
500
600
mV
Over Line
Vin=38V to 75V
20
50
mV
Over Temperature
Tc=-40°C to 125°C
±120
mV
Total Output Voltage Range
over sample load, and temperature, from 38~75V Vin
11.6
12.3
12.5
V
Both With and without droop current sharing option code
Output Voltage Ripple and Noise
5Hz to 20MHz bandwidth
Peak-to-Peak
Full Load, 1µF ceramic, 10µF tantalum
100
200
mV
RMS
Full Load, 1µF ceramic, 10µF tantalum
40
80
mV
Operating Output Current Range
Full input voltage range
0
33
A
Output DC Current-Limit Inception
Output Voltage 10% Low
110
150
%
Output Voltage Trim Range
Vin=48V, Pout ≦ max rated power;
For droop parallel module, such function is disabled.
-20
10
%
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
Output Voltage Current Transient
48V VIn, 1uF Ceramic load cap
Output voltage overshoot and undershoot
0.1A/µs, 50% to 75% Io.max, 10µF Tan load cap
200
400
mV
Setting Time (within 1% Vout nominal)
300
µs
Output voltage overshoot and undershoot
2.5A/µs, 25% to 75% Io.max, 4000µF Tan load cap
300
450
mV
Setting Time (within 1% Vout nominal)
1000
µs
Turn-On Transient
Start-Up Time, From On/Off Control
40
50
ms
Start-Up Time, From Input
50
60
ms
Output Capacitance
220
16000
µF
EFFICIENCY
100% Load
Vin=48V
95.2
96.0
%
60% Load
Vin=48V
95.5
96.3
%
ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS
Input to Output
2250
Vdc
Isolation Resistance
10
MΩ
Isolation Capacitance
1500
pF
FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS
Current sharing accuracy
10
%
Switching Frequency
130
kHz
ON/OFF Control
Logic Low
Von/off
-0.7
0.8
V
Logic High
Von/off
2.4
50
V
ON/OFF Current (for both remote on/off logic)
Ion/off at Von/off=0.0V
0.5
mA
ON/OFF Current (for both remote on/off logic)
Ion/off at Von/off=2.4V
10
µA
Leakage Current (for both remote on/off logic)
Logic High, Von/off=15V
50
µA
Output Over-Voltage Protection
Over full temp range; % of nominal Vout
14
17
V
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
(TA=25°C, airflow rate=300 LFM, Vin=48Vdc, nominal Vout unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER
NOTES and CONDITIONS
Q48SG12033 (Standard)
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
PMBus Signal Interface Characteristics
Logic Input Low (VIL)
C2, Data, SMBAlert, Clock pin
0
0.8
V
Logic Input High (VIH)
C2, Data, SMBAlert, Clock pin
2.1
3.3
V
Logic Onput Low (VOL)
C2, Data, SMBAlert, Clock pin; IOL=6mA
0.4
V
Logic Onput High (VOH)
C2, Data, SMBAlert, Clock pin; IOH=-6mA
2.6
V
PMBus Operating Frequency Range
100
400
KHz
PMBus Monitoring CHARACTERISTICS
Output Current Reading Accuracy
Io=50% ~ 100% of Io, max;
-5
+5
%
Io=5% ~ 50% of Io, max;
-2
+2
A
Output Voltage Reading Accuracy
-2
+2
%
Input Voltage Reading Accuracy
-4
+4
%
Temperature Reading Accuracy
-5
+5
℃
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
MTBF
Io=80% of Io, max; 300LFM; Ta=25°C
1.88
M hours
Weight
Without heat spreader
52.5
grams
Weight
With heat spreader
66.5
grams
Over-Temperature Shutdown ( Without heat spreader)
Refer to Figure 22 for Hot spot 1 location (48Vin,80%
Io, 200LFM,Airflow from Vin+ to Vin-)
130
°C
Over-Temperature Shutdown (With heat spreader)
Refer to Figure 24 for Hot spot 2 location (48Vin,80%
Io, 200LFM,Airflow from Vin+ to Vin-)
120
°C
Over-Temperature Shutdown ( NTC resistor )
Refer to Figure 22 for NTC resistor location
125
°C
Note: Please attach thermocouple on NTC resistor to test OTP function, the hot spots’ temperature is just for reference.
PIN DEFINATION
Pin#
Name
Function
Pin#
Name
Function
1
VIN(+)
7
C2
Secondary on/off control pin; The default configuration is set to ignore this input. And such pin can be
reconfigured by the PMBus Interface.
2
ON/OFF
Primary on/off control pin
8
Sig_Gnd
Signal ground
3
VIN(-)
9
Data
PMBus data line
4
VOUT(-)
10
SMBAlert
PMBus SMBAlert line
5
Trim
Trim pin
11
Clock
PMBus clock line
6
VOUT(+)
12
Addr1
ADDR1 pin sets the high order digit of the address.
13
Addr0
ADDR0 pin sets the low order digit of the address.
SIMPLIFIED APPLICATION CIRCUIT
Vout(+)
Trim
Addr0 Addr1
Vout(-)
Vin(+)
Vin(-)
On/off
Delta DC/DC
Module
EMI filter
Reverse
polarity
Protection
Fuse
Load
Input
Source
System MCU
CLOCK DATA C2
SMB
-ALERT
CLK DATA CTRL
ALERT
On/off control
Vout(+)
Trim
Addr0 Addr1
Vout(-)
Vin(+)
Vin(-)
On/off
Delta DC/DC
Module
EMI filter
Reverse
polarity
Protection
Fuse
Load
Input
Source
System MCU
CLOCK DATA C2
SMB
-ALERT
CLK DATA CTRL
ALERT
On/off control
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
Figure 1: Efficiency vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and
maximum input voltage at 25°C
Figure 2: Power dissipation vs. load current for minimum, nominal,
and maximum input voltage at 25°C
Figure 3: Typical full load input characteristics at room temperature
Figure 4: Output voltage regulation vs load current showing typical
current limit curves and converter shutdown points for nominal input
voltage at room temperature
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
30 34 38 42 46 50 54 58 62 66 70 74
Input Voltage (V)
Input Current (A)
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
For Negative Remote On/Off Logic
Figure 5: Turn-on transient at zero load current (10ms/div).
Vin=48V. Top Trace: Vout, 5V/div; Bottom Trace: ON/OFF input,
2V/div
Figure 6: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (constant
current load) (10 ms/div). Vin=48V. Top Trace: Vout, 5V/div;
Bottom Trace: ON/OFF input, 2V/div
For Input Voltage Start up
Figure 7: Turn-on transient at zero load current (10 ms/div).
Vin=48V. Top Trace: Vout, 5V/div, Bottom Trace: input voltage,
30V/div
Figure 8: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (constant
current load) (10 ms/div). Vin=48V. Top Trace: Vout, 5V/div;
Bottom Trace: input voltage, 30V/div
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
Figure 9: Output voltage response to step-change in load
current (75%-50% of Io, max; di/dt = 0.1A/µs, Vin=48V). Load
cap: 10µF, tantalum capacitor and 1µF ceramic capacitor. Top
Trace: Vout (200mV/div, 200us/div); Bottom Trace: Io (15A/div,
200us/div). Scope measurement should be made using a BNC
cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load
between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the
module..
Figure 10: Output voltage response to step-change in load
current (50%-75% of Io, max; di/dt = 0.1A/µs, Vin=48V). Load
cap: 10µF, tantalum capacitor and 1µF ceramic capacitor. Top
Trace: Vout (200mV/div, 200us/div); Bottom Trace: Io (15A/div,
200us/div). Scope measurement should be made using a BNC
cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load
between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the
module..
Figure 11: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points
for Input Terminal Ripple Current and Input Reflected Ripple
Current.
Note: Measured input reflected-ripple current with a simulated
source Inductance (LTEST) of 12 μH. Capacitor Cs offset
possible battery impedance. Measure current as shown below
Figure 12: Input Terminal Ripple Current, ic, at full rated output
current and nominal input voltage with 12µH source impedance
and 100µF electrolytic capacitor (100 mA/div, 2us/div).
Vin+
Vin-
is ic
100uF,
ESR=0.2 ohm @
25oC 100KHz
Cs: 220uF
+ +
Vin+
Vin-
is ic
100uF,
ESR=0.2 ohm @
25oC 100KHz
Cs: 220uF
+ +
is ic
100uF,
ESR=0.2 ohm @
25oC 100KHz
Cs: 220uF
++ ++
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
Vo(-)
Vo(+)
10u 1u
Copper Strip
SCOPE RESISTIVE
LOAD
Figure 13: Input reflected ripple current, is, through a 12µH
source inductor at nominal input voltage and rated load current
(20 mA/div, 5us/div).
Figure 14: Output voltage noise and ripple measurement test
setup
Figure 15: Output voltage ripple at nominal input voltage and
rated load current (Io=33A)(50 mV/div, 2us/div)
Load capacitance: 1µF ceramic capacitor and 10µF tantalum
capacitor. Bandwidth: 20 MHz. Scope measurements should be
made using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches).
Position the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3
inches) from the module.
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
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For parallel application
Cin is 100uF low ESR Aluminum cap x 2pcs in parallel;
CX1 is 2.2uF ceramic cap×2pcs in parallel;
CX2 is 2.2uF ceramic cap;
CY1 is 47nF ceramic cap x 2pcs in parallel;
CY2 is 47nF ceramic cap x 2pcs in parallel;
CY is 3.3nF ceramic cap;
L1 is Pulse P0469NL (0.63mH/11.6A) x 2pcs in parallel;
L2 is Pulse P0469NL (0.63mH/11.6A) x 2pcs in parallel;
Test Result: Vin=48V, Io=66A
1 MHz
10 MHz
150 kHz
30 MHz
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
0.0
80.0
dBμV
Limits
55022MQP
55022MAV
Transducer
8130
Traces
PK+
AV
The blue line is quasi peak mode and the green one is
average mode.
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Input Source Impedance
The impedance of the input source connecting to the
DC/DC power modules will interact with the modules and
affect the stability. A low ac-impedance input source is
recommended. If the source inductance is more than a
few μH, we advise adding a 100 to 200 μF electrolytic
capacitor (ESR < 0.7 Ω at 100 kHz) mounted close to the
input of the module to improve the stability.
Layout and EMC Considerations
Delta’s DC/DC power modules are designed to operate
in a wide variety of systems and applications. For design
assistance with EMC compliance and related PWB
layout issues, please contact Delta’s technical support
team. An external input filter module is available for
easier EMC compliance design. Below is the reference
design for an input filter tested with Q48SG120XXXXXX
to meet class B in CISSPR 22.
Schematic and Components List
For Single Module Application
Cin is 100uF low ESR Aluminum cap;
CX1 is 2.2uF ceramic cap×2pcs in parallel;
CX2 is 2.2uF ceramic cap;
CY1 and CY2 are 47nF ceramic cap;
CY is 3.3nF ceramic cap;
L1 and L2 are common-mode inductors, L1=L2=0.47mH;
Test Result: Vin=48V, Io=33A
1 MHz
10 MHz
150 kHz
30 MHz
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
0.0
80.0
dBμV
Limits
55022MQP
55022MAV
Transducer
8130
Traces
PK+
AV
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
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Safety Considerations
The power module must be installed in compliance with
the spacing and separation requirements of the
end-user’s safety agency standard, i.e., UL60950-1,
CSA C22.2 NO. 60950-1 2nd, IEC 60950-1 2nd : 2005,
EN 60950-1 2nd: 2006+A11+A1: 2010, if the system in
which the power module is to be used must meet safety
agency requirements.
Basic insulation based on 75 Vdc input is provided
between the input and output of the module for the
purpose of applying insulation requirements when the
input to this DC-to-DC converter is identified as TNV-2
or SELV. An additional evaluation is needed if the
source is other than TNV-2 or SELV.
When the input source is SELV circuit, the power module
meets SELV (safety extra-low voltage) requirements. If
the input source is a hazardous voltage which is greater
than 60 Vdc and less than or equal to 75 Vdc, for the
module’s output to meet SELV requirements, all of the
following must be met:
The input source must be insulated from the ac
mains by reinforced or double insulation.
The input terminals of the module are not operator
accessible.
A SELV reliability test is conducted on the system
where the module is used, in combination with the
module, to ensure that under a single fault,
hazardous voltage does not appear at the module’s
output.
When installed into a Class II equipment (without
grounding), spacing consideration should be given to
the end-use installation, as the spacing between the
module and mounting surface have not been evaluated.
The power module has extra-low voltage (ELV) outputs
when all inputs are ELV.
This power module is not internally fused. To achieve
optimum safety and system protection, an input line fuse
is highly recommended. The safety agencies require a
Fast-acting fuse with 30A maximum rating to be
installed in the ungrounded lead. A lower rated fuse can
be used based on the maximum inrush transient energy
and maximum input current.
Soldering and Cleaning Considerations
Post solder cleaning is usually the final board assembly
process before the board or system undergoes electrical
testing. Inadequate cleaning and/or drying may lower the
reliability of a power module and severely affect the
finished circuit board assembly test. Adequate cleaning
and/or drying is especially important for un-encapsulated
and/or open frame type power modules. For assistance
on appropriate soldering and cleaning procedures,
please contact Delta’s technical support team.
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
10
FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS
Over-Current Protection
The modules include an internal output over-current
protection circuit. If the output current exceeds the OCP
set point, the modules will shut down, and enter hiccup
mode or latch mode. For hiccup mode, the module will
try to restart after shutdown. If the overload condition
still exists, the module will shut down again. This restart
trial will continue until the overload condition is
corrected. For latch mode, the module will shut down
and not attempt to restart. The latch is reset by either
cycling the input power or by toggling the primary on/off
signal for one second. The OCP threshold and
protection mode can be reconfigured by the PMBus
Interface; the default configuration is hiccup mode.
Over-Voltage Protection
The modules include an internal output over-voltage
protection circuit. If output voltage exceeds the
over-voltage set point, the module will shut down, and
enter in hiccup mode or latch mode. For hiccup mode,
the module will try to restart after shutdown. If the output
overvoltage condition still exists, the module will shut
down again. This restart trial will continue until the
over-voltage condition is corrected. For latch mode, the
module will shut down and not attempt to restart. The
latch is reset by either cycling the input power or by
toggling the primary on/off signal for one second. The Vo
OVP threshold and protection mode can be reconfigured
by the PMBus Interface; The default configuration is
hiccup mode.
Over-Temperature Protection
The modules include an internal over-temperature
protection circuit. If the module temperature exceeds the
over-temperature threshold the module will shut down,
and enter in auto-recovery mode or latch mode. For
auto-recovery mode, the module will monitor the module
temperature after shutdown. Once the temperature is
dropped and within the specification, the module will be
auto-recovery. For latch mode, the module will shut
down and not attempt to restart. The latch is reset by
either cycling the input power or by toggling the primary
on/off signal for one second. The OTP threshold and
protection mode can be reconfigured by the PMBus
Interface; The default configuration is hiccup mode.
Primary Remote On/Off
The primary remote on/off feature on the module can be
either negative or positive logic. Negative logic turns the
module on during a logic low and off during a logic high.
Positive logic turns the modules on during a logic high
and off during a logic low.
The primary remote on/off can be controlled by an
external switch between the on/off terminal and the Vi(-)
terminal. The switch can be an open collector or open
drain. If the remote on/off feature is not used, for negative
logic, please short the on/off pin to Vi(-); For positive logic,
please leave the on/off pin floating. The module will not
response to the remote on/off signal which is less than
120us. The primary remote on/off logic can be
reconfigured by the PMBus Interface.
RLoad
Vi(-)
Vi(+)
ON/OFF
Vo(-)
Vo(+)
RLoad
Vi(-)
Vi(+)
ON/OFF
Vo(-)
Vo(+)
Vi(-)
Vi(+)
ON/OFF
Vo(-)
Vo(+)
Figure 17: Remote on/off implementation
Secondary Remote On/Off
Reference to the Vo(-) terminal, there is a C2 pin. The
default configuration is set to ignore this input. And such
pin can be reconfigured as secondary remote on/off pin
by the PMBus interface including either negative or
positive logic. Negative logic turns the module on during
a logic low and off during a logic high. Positive logic
turns the modules on during a logic high and off during a
logic low. The secondary remote on/off can be controlled
by an external switch between the on/off terminal and
the Vo(-) terminal. The switch can be an open collector
or open drain.
Parallel and Droop Current Sharing
The modules are capable of operating in parallel, and
realizing current sharing by droop current sharing
method. There is about 500mV output voltage droop
from 0A to full output Load, and there is no current
sharing pin. By connectting the Vin pin and the Vo pin of
the parallel module together, the current sharing can be
realized automatically.
Vin+
Vin-
Vin+
Vin-
On/off
Vo+
Vo-
Module I
On/off
Vo+
Vo-
Module II
Vin Load
Vin+
Vin-
Vin+
Vin-
On/off
Vo+
Vo-
Module I
On/off
Vo+
Vo-
Module II
Vin Load
Figure 18: Parallel and droop current sharing configuration for
no redundancy requirement system
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
11
FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.)
If system has no redundancy requirement, the module
can be parallel directly for higher power without adding
external oring-fet; whereas, If the redundancy function is
required, the external oring-fet should be added.
For a normal parallel operation the following
precautions must be observed:
1. The current sharing accuracy equation is:
X% = | Io – ( Itotal / N ) | / Irated, Where,
Io is the output current of per module;
Itotal is the total load current;
N is parallel module numbers;
Irated is the rated full load current of per module.
2. To ensure a better steady current sharing accuracy,
below design guideline should be followed:
a) The inputs of the converters must be connected to the
same voltage source; and the PCB trace resistance
from Input voltage source to Vin+ and Vin- of each
converter should be equalized as much as possible.
b) The PCB trace resistance from each converter’s
output to the load should be equalized as much as
possible.
c) For accurate current sharing accuracy test, the
module should be soldered in order to avoid the
unbalance of the touch resistance between the modules
to the test board.
3. To ensure the parallel module can start up
monotonically without trigging the OCP circuit, below
design guideline should be followed:
a) Before all the parallel module finished start up, the
total load current should be lower than the rated current
of 1 module.
b) The ON/OFF pin of the converters should be
connected together to keep the parallel modules start up
at the same time.
c) The under voltage lockout point will slightly vary from
unit to unit. The dv/dt of the rising edge of the input
source voltage must be greater than 1V/ms to ensure
that the parallel module start up at the same time.
PMBus Communication
The module has a digital PMBus interface to allow the
module to be monitored, controlled and configured by
the system. The module supports 4 PMBus signal lines,
Data, Clock, SMBALERT (optional), Control (C2 pin,
optional), and 2 Address line Addr0 and Addr1. More
detail PMBus information can be found in the PMB
Power Management Protocol Specification, Part I and
part II, revision 1.2; which is shown in http://pmbus.org .
Both 100kHz and 400kHz bus speeds are supported by
the module. Connection for the PMBus interface should
be following the High Power DC specifications given in
section 3.1.3 in the SMBus specification V2.0 or the Low
Power DC specifications in section 3.1.2. The complete
SMBus specification is shown in http://smbus.org.
The module supports the Packet Error Checking (PEC)
protocol. It can check the PEC byte provided by the
PMBus master, and include a PEC byte in all message
responses to the master. And the module also can
communicate with the master that does not implement
the PEC mechanism.
SMBALERT protocol is also supported by the module.
SMBALERT line is also a wired-AND signal; by which
the module can alert the PMBUS master via pulling the
SMBALERT pin to an active low. There are two ways
that the master and the module response to the alert of
SMBALERT line.
One way is for the module used in a system that does
not support Alert Response Address (ARA). The module
is to retain it’s resistor programmed address, when it is in
an ALERT active condition. The master will
communicate with the slave module using the
programmed address, and using the various
READ_STATUS commands to find who cause for the
SMBALERT. The CLEAR_FAULTS command will clear
the SMBALERT.
The other way is for the module used in a system that
does support Alert Response Address (ARA). In this case,
the master simultaneously accesses all SMBALERT
devices through the ARA. Only the device which pulled
SMBALERT low will acknowledge the ARA. The master is
expected to perform the modified received byte operation
to get the address of the alert slave, and retire the
SMBALERT active signal. And then, the alter slave will
return to it’s resistor programmed address, allowing
normal master-slave communications to proceed.
If more than one slave pulls SMBALERT line low, the
lowest address slave will win communication rights via
standard arbitration during the slave address transfer.
After acknowledging the ARA, the lowest address slave
must disengage its SMBALERT pull down. If the master
still sees SMBALERT line low, it knows to send another
ARA and ask again “Now, who is holding the alert down”.
The second slave is now locked-up and can’t responsive.
But the solution is easy; the master should now initiate a
“dummy command”, for example read command on the
bus and read any parameter from any slave. After this, the
second slave (the one that lost arbitration in the first run)
will be released. Now, if master sends the second ARA,
the second slave will provide its address to the Master.
The module contains a data flash used to store
configuration settings, which will not be programmed into
the device data flash automatically. The
STORE_DEFAULT_ALL command must be used to
commit the current settings are transfer from RAM to
data flash as device defaults.
PMBUS Addressing
The Module has flexible PMBUS addressing capability.
When connect different resistor from Addr0 and Addr1
pin to GND pin, 64 possible addresses can be acquired.
The address is in the form of octal digits; Each pin offer
one octal digit, and then combine together to form the
decimal address as shown in below.
Address = 8 * ADDR1 + ADDR0
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
12
FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.)
Corresponded to each octal digit, the requested
resistor values are shown in below, and +/-5%
resistors accuracy can be accepted. If there is any
resistances exceeding the requested range, address
127 will be return. 0-12 and 40, 44, 45, and 55 in
decimal address can’t be used, since they are
reserved according to the SMBus specifications, and
which will also return address 127.
PMBus Data Format
The module receives and report date in LINEAR
format. The Exponent of the data words is fixed at a
reasonable value for the command; altering the
exponent is not supported. DIRECT format is not
supported by the module.
For commands that set or report any voltage
thresholds related to the output voltage, the module
supports the linear data format consisting of a two byte
value with a 16-bit, unsigned mantissa, and a fixed
exponent of -12. The format of the two data bytes is
shown below:
The equation can be written as:
Vout = Mantissa x 2-12
For example, considering set Vout to 12V by
VOUT_COMMAND, the read/write data can be
calculated refer to below process:
1. Mantissa =Vout/2-12= 12/2-12=49152;
2. Converter the calculated Mantissa to hexadecimal
0xC000.
For commands that set or report all other thresholds,
including input voltages, output current, temperature,
time and frequency, the supported linear data format is a
two byte value with: an 11 bit, two’s complement
mantissa , and a 5 bit, two’s complement exponent
(scaling factor).The format of the two data bytes is
shown as in below.
The equation can be written as:
Value = Mantissa x 2exponent
For example, considering set the turn on threshold of input
under voltage lockout to 34V by VIN_ON command; the
read/write data can be calculated refer to below process:
1. Get the exponent of Vin, -3; whose binary is 11101
2. Mantissa =Vin/2-3=34/2-3=272;
3. Converter the calculated Mantissa to hexadecimal
110, then converter to binary 00100010000;
4. Combine the exponent and the mantissa, 11101 and
00100010000;
5. Converter binary 1110100100010000 to
hexadecimal E910.
The detail exponent and resolution of main parameter is
summarized as below:
Exponent
Resolution
Vin
-3
0.125V
Vo
-12
0.244mV
Io
-4
62.5mA
Temperature
-2
/
Switching requency
-2
0.25Khz
Time
-1
0.5ms
Supported PMBus Commands
The main PMBus commands described in the PMBus 1.2
specification are supported by the module. Partial PMBus
commands are fully supported; Partial PMBus commands
have difference with the definition in PMBus 1.2
specification. All the supported PMBus commands are
detail summarized in below table.
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
13
FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.)
Command
Comman
d Code
Command description
Transf
-er type
Compatible
with
standard
PMBUS or
not?
Data
Format
Default value
Range
limit
Data
units
Expon
-ent
Note
OPERATION
0x01
Turn the module on or off by
PMBUS command
R/W
byte
Refer to
below
description;
Bit field
0x80
/
/
/
/
ON_OFF_CONFIG
0x02
Configures the combination of
primary on/off pin and PMBUS
command
R/W
byte
Refer to
below
description;
Bit field
0x1D
(Neg Logic);
0x1F
(Pos Logic);
/
/
/
/
CLEAR_FAULTS
0x03
Clear any fault bits that have
been set
Send
byte
Yes
/
/
/
/
/
/
STORE_DEFAULT_ALL
0x11
Stores operating parameters
from RAM to data flash
Send
byte
Yes
/
/
/
/
/
This command is effective to the
parameter of all command in the
table.
RESTORE_DEFAULT_ALL
0x12
Restores operating parameters
from data flash to RAM
Send
byte
Yes
/
/
/
/
/
This command can't be issued
when the power unit is running.
VOUT_MODE
0x20
To read Vo data format
Read
byte
Yes
mode+
exp
0x14
/
/
/
/
VOUT_COMMAND
0x21
Set the output voltage
R/W
word
Yes
Vout
Linear
11.8
9.6
~13.2
Volts
-12
/
FREQUENCY_SWITCH
0x33
Set the switching frequency
R/W
word
Yes
Freque
ncy
Linear
130
120
~140
KHz
-2
/
VIN_ON
0x35
Set the turn on voltage threshold
of Vin under voltage lockout
R/W
word
Yes
Vin
Linear
34
32~46
V
-3
VIN_ON should be higher than
VIN_OFF, and keep 2V
hystersis.
VIN_OFF
0x36
Set the turn off voltage threshold
of Vin under voltage lockout
R/W
word
Yes
Vin
Linear
32
32~46
V
-3
VIN_ON should be higher than
VIN_OFF, and keep 2V
hystersis.
VOUT_OV_FAULT_LIMIT
0x40
Set the output overvoltage fault
threshold.
R/W
word
Yes
Vout
Linear
15
11~16
V
-12
Must be higher than the value of
VOUT_COMMAND and
VOUT_OV_WARN_LIMIT;
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
14
Command
Comman
d Code
Command description
Transf
-er type
Compatible
with
standard
PMBUS or
not?
Data
Format
Default value
Range
limit
Data
units
Expon
-ent
Note
VOUT_OV_FAULT_RESP
ONSE
0x41
Instructs what action to take in
response to an output
overvoltage fault.
R/W
byte
Refer to
below
description;
Bit field
0xB8
/
N/A
/
/
VOUT_OV_WARN_LIMIT
0x42
Set a threshold causing an
output voltage high warning.
R/W
word
Yes
Vout
Linear
15
11~16
V
-12
Must be less than
VOUT_OV_FAULT_LIMIT value
IOUT_OC_FAULT_LIMIT
0x46
Set the output overcurrent fault
threshold.
R/W
word
Yes
Iout
Linear
43
20~60
A
-4
Must be greater than
IOUT_OC_WARN_LIMIT value
IOUT_OC_FAULT_RESPO
NSE
0x47
Instructs what action to take in
response to an output
overcurrent fault.
R/W
byte
Refer to
below
description;
Bit field
0xF8
/
N/A
/
/
IOUT_OC_WARN_LIMIT
0x4A
Set a threshold causing an
output current high warning.
R/W
word
Yes
Iout
Linear
36
10~40
A
-4
Must be less than
IOUT_OC_FAULT_LIMIT value
OT_FAULT_LIMIT
0x4F
Set the over temperature fault
threshold.
R/W
word
Yes
TEMP
Linear
125
25~140
Deg.
C
-2
Must be greater than
OT_WARN_LIMIT value
OT_FAULT_RESPONSE
0x50
Instructs what action to take in
response to an over temperature
fault.
R/W
byte
Refer to
below
description;
Bit field
0xB8
/
N/A
/
/
OT_WARN_LIMIT
0x51
Set a threshold causing a
temperature high warning.
R/W
word
Yes
TEMP
Linear
115
25~125
Deg.
C
-2
Must be less than
OT_FAULT_LIMIT value
VIN_OV_FAULT_LIMIT
0x55
Set the input overvoltage fault
threshold.
R/W
word
Yes
Vin
Linear
110
48~110
V
-3
/
POWER_GOOD_ON
0x5E
Sets the output voltage at which
the bit 3 of STATUS_WORD
high byte should be asserted.
R/W
word
Yes
Vout
Linear
11
8.1
~13.2
V
-12
Must be greater than
POWER_GOOD_OFF value by
1.6V
POWER_GOOD_OFF
0x5F
Sets the output voltage at which
the bit 3 of STATUS_WORD
high byte should be negated.
R/W
word
Yes
Vout
Linear
9
8.1
~13.2
V
-12
Must be less than
POWER_GOOD_ON value by
1.6V
TON_DELAY
0x60
Sets the time from a start
condition is received until the
output voltage starts to rise
R/W
word
Yes
Time
Linear
7
5~500
ms
-1
/
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
15
Command
Comman
d Code
Command description
Transf
-er type
Compatible
with
standard
PMBUS or
not?
Data
Format
Default value
Range
limit
Data
units
Expon
-ent
Note
TON_RISE
0x61
Sets the time from the output
starts to rise until the voltage has
entered the regulation band.
R/W
word
Yes
Time
Linear
28
15~500
ms
-1
/
STATUS_WORD
0x79
Returns the information with a
summary of the module's
fault/warning
Read
word
Refer to
below
description;
Bit field
/
/
/
/
/
STATUS_VOUT
0x7A
Returns the information of the
module's output voltage related
fault/warning
Read
byte
Refer to
below
description;
Bit field
/
/
/
/
/
STATUS_IOUT
0x7B
Returns the information of the
module's output current related
fault/warning
Read
byte
Refer to
below
description;
Bit field
/
/
/
/
/
STATUS_INPUT
0x7C
Returns the information of the
module's input over voltage and
under voltage fault
Read
byte
Refer to
below
description;
Bit field
/
/
/
/
/
STATUS_TEMPERATURE
0x7D
Returns the information of the
module's temperature related
fault/warning
Read
byte
Refer to
below
description;
Bit field
/
/
/
/
/
STATUS_CML
0x7E
Returns the information of the
module's communication related
faults.
Read
byte
Refer to
below
description;
Bit field
/
/
/
/
/
READ_VIN
0x88
Returns the input voltage of the
module
Read
word
Yes
Vin
Linear
/
/
Volts
/
/
READ_VOUT
0x8B
Returns the output voltage of the
module
Read
word
Yes
Vout
Linear
/
/
Volts
/
/
READ_IOUT
0x8C
Returns the output current of the
module
Read
word
Yes
Iout
Linear
/
/
Amps
/
/
READ_TEMPERATURE_1
0x8D
Returns the module's hot spot
temperature of the module
Read
word
Yes
TEMP
Linear
/
/
Deg.
C
/
/
PMBUS_REVISION
0x98
Reads the revision of the PMBus
Read
byte
Yes
Bit field
1.2
/
/
/
/
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
16
Command
Comman
d Code
Command description
Transf
-er type
Compatible
with
standard
PMBUS or
not?
Data
Format
Default value
Range
limit
Data
units
Expon
-ent
Note
MFR_ C2_Configure
0xE1
Configures the C2 pin
(secondary on/off pin) function
and logic;
R/W
byte
Refer to
below
description;
Bit field
0x00
/
/
/
/
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
17
FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.)
OPERATION [0x01]
Bit number
Purpose
Bit Value
Meaning
Default Settings，
0x80
7:
Enable/Disable the module
1
Output is enabled
1
0
Output is disabled
6:0
Reserved
0000000
ON_OFF_CONFIG [0x02]
Bit number
Purpose
Bit Value
Meaning
Default Settings，
0x1D (negative)
/0x1F (positive)
7:5
Reserved
000
4
Controls how the unit responds to
the primary on/off pin and the
OPERATION command;
1
Module does not power up until commanded by
the primary ON/OFF pin and the OPERATION
1
0
Module power up at any time regardless of the
state of the primary ON/OFF pin and the
OPERATION
3
Controls how the unit responds to
the OPERATION command
1
Module responds to the 7 bit in the OPERATION
1
0
Module ignores the 7 bit in the OPERATION
2
Controls how the unit
responds to the primary on/off pin
1
Module requires the primary ON/OFF pin to be
asserted to start the unit
1
0
Module ignores the state of the primary ON/OFF
pin
1
Control logic of primay on/off pin
1
Positive Logic
0, negative;
1, positive.
0
Negative Logic
0
Unit turn off delay time control
1
Shut down the module with 0 delay cycle
1
VOUT_OV_FAULT_RESPONSE [0x41]
Bit number
Purpose
Bit Value
Meaning
Default Settings，
0xB8
7:6
Response settings
10
Unit shuts down and responds according to the
retry settings
10
5:3
Retry setting
111
Unit continuously restarts while fault is present
until commanded off
111
000
Unit does not attempt to restart on fault
2:0
Delay time setting
000
No delay supported
000
IOUT_OC_FAULT_RESPONSE [0x47]
Bit number
Purpose
Bit Value
Meaning
Default Settings，
0xF8
7:6
Response settings
11
Unit shuts down and responds according to the
retry settings
11,
5:3
Retry settings
111
Unit continuously restarts while fault is present
until commanded off
111
000
Unit does not attempt to restart on fault
2:0
Delay time setting
000
No delay supported
000
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
18
FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.)
OT_FAULT_RESPONSE [0x50]
Bit number
Purpose
Bit Value
Meaning
Default Settings，
0xB8
7:6
Response settings
10
Unit shuts down and responds according to the
retry settings
10,
5:3
Retry settings
111
Unit continuously restarts while fault is present
until commanded off
111
000
Unit does not attempt to restart on fault
2:0
Delay time setting
000
No delay supported
000
STATUS_WORD [0x79]
High byte
Bit number
Purpose
Bit Value
Meaning
7
An output over voltage fault or warning
1
Occurred
0
No Occurred
6
An output over current fault or warning
1
Occurred
0
No Occurred
5
An input voltage fault, including over voltage and undervoltage
1
Occurred
0
No Occurred
4
Reserved
3
Power_Good
1
is negated
0
ok
2:0
Reserved
Low byte
Bit number
Purpose
Bit Value
Meaning
7
Reserved
6
OFF (The unit is not providing power to the output, regardless of the
reason)
1
Occurred
0
No Occurred
5
An output over voltage fault
1
Occurred
0
No Occurred
4
An output over current fault
1
Occurred
0
No Occurred
3
An input under voltage fault
1
Occurred
0
No Occurred
2
A temperature fault or warning
1
Occurred
0
No Occurred
1
CML (A communications, memory or logic fault）
1
Occurred；
0
No Occurred
0
Reserved
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
19
FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.)
STATUS_VOUT [0x7A]
Bit number
Purpose
Bit Value
Meaning
7
Output over voltage fault
1
Occurred；
0
No Occurred
6
Output over voltage warning
1
Occurred；
0
No Occurred
5:0
Reserved
STATUS_IOUT [0x7B]
Bit number
Purpose
Bit Value
Meaning
7
Output over current fault
1
Occurred；
0
No Occurred
6
Reserved
5
Output over current warning
1
Occurred；
0
No Occurred
4:0
Reserved
STATUS_INPUT [0x7C]
Bit number
Purpose
Bit Value
Meaning
7
Input over voltage fault
1
Occurred；
0
No Occurred
6: 5
Reserved
4
Input under voltage fault
1
Occurred；
0
No Occurred
3:0
Reserved
STATUS_TEMPERATURE [0x7D]
Bit number
Purpose
Bit Value
Meaning
7
Over temperature fault
1
Occurred；
0
No Occurred
6
Over temperature warning
1
Occurred；
0
No Occurred
5:0
Reserved
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
20
FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.)
STATUS_CML [0x7E]
Bit number
Purpose
Bit Value
Meaning
7
Invalid/Unsupported Command Received
1
Occurred；
0
No Occurred
6
Invalid/Unsupported Data Received
1
Occurred；
0
No Occurred
5
Packet Error Check Failed
1
Occurred；
0
No Occurred
4:0
Reserved
MFR_ C2_Configure [0xE1]
Bit
number
Purpose
Bit Value
Meaning
Default Settings，
0x00
7:2
Reserved
000000
1
Secondary ON/OFF
Configuration
1
AND – Primary and Secondary side on/off
0
0
C2 is ignored
0
Secondary side on/off
Logic
1
Positive Logic
0
0
Negative Logic
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
21
FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.)
Output Voltage Adjustment (TRIM)
To increase or decrease the output voltage set point,
connect an external resistor between the TRIM pin and
either the Vo(+) or Vo(-). The TRIM pin should be left
open if this feature is not used. Below Trim equation is
only adapt to the module without droop current sharing
option code; For the module with droop current sharing
option code, please contact Delta’s technical support
team.
Figure 19: Circuit configuration for trim-down (decrease
output voltage)
If the external resistor is connected between the TRIM
and Vo (-) pins, the output voltage set point decreases
(Fig. 19). The external resistor value required to obtain
a percentage of output voltage change △% is defined
as:
KdownRtrim 2.10
511
Ex. When Trim-down -10% (12V×0.9=10.8V)
KKdownRtrim 9.402.10
10
511
Figure 20: Circuit configuration for trim-up (increase output
voltage)
If the external resistor is connected between the TRIM
and Vo (+) the output voltage set point increases (Fig.
20). The external resistor value required to obtain a
percentage output voltage change △% is defined as:
KupRtrim 2.10
511
1.225 ) (100 Vo11.5
Ex. When Trim-up +10% (12V×1.1=13.2V)
KupRtrim 3.8942.10
10
511
10225.1 )10100(2111.5
Care should be taken to ensure that the maximum
output power of the module remains at or below the
maximum rated power.
THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS
Thermal management is an important part of the system
design. To ensure proper, reliable operation, sufficient
cooling of the power module is needed over the entire
temperature range of the module. Convection cooling is
usually the dominant mode of heat transfer.
Hence, the choice of equipment to characterize the
thermal performance of the power module is a wind
tunnel.
Thermal Testing Setup
Delta’s DC/DC power modules are characterized in
heated vertical wind tunnels that simulate the thermal
environments encountered in most electronics
equipment. This type of equipment commonly uses
vertically mounted circuit cards in cabinet racks in which
the power modules are mounted.
The following figure shows the wind tunnel
characterization setup. The power module is mounted
on a test PWB and is vertically positioned within the wind
tunnel. The space between the neighboring PWB and
the top of the power module is constantly kept at
6.35mm (0.25’’).
AIR FLOW
MODULE
PWB
50.8(2.00")
AIR VELOCITY
AND AMBIENT
TEMPERATURE
SURED BELOW
THE MODULE
FANCING PWB
Note: Wind Tunnel Test Setup Figure Dimensions are in millimeters and (Inches)
Figure 21: Wind tunnel test setup
Thermal Derating
Heat can be removed by increasing airflow over the
module. To enhance system reliability; the power
module should always be operated below the maximum
operating temperature. If the temperature exceeds the
maximum module temperature, reliability of the unit may
be affected.
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
22
THERMAL CURVES
(WITHOUT HEAT SPREADER)
NTC RESISTOR
AIRFLOW
HOT SPOT 1
Figure 22: * Hot spot 1& NTC resistor temperature measured
points
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
24
27
30
33
25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85
Output Current (A)
Ambient Temperature (℃)
Q48SG12033(Standard) Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity
@Vin = 48V (Transverse Orientation)
Natural
Convection
100LFM
300LFM
200LFM
400LFM
600LFM
500LFM
Figure 23: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air
velocity @Vin=48V(Transverse Orientation, airflow from Vin+ to
Vin-, without heat spreader)
THERMAL CURVES
(WITH HEAT SPREADER)
AIRFLOW
HOT SPOT 2
Figure 24: * Hot spot 2 temperature measured point
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
24
27
30
33
25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85
Output Current (A)
Ambient Temperature (℃)
Q48SG12033(Standard) Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity
@Vin = 48V (Transverse Orientation,With Heat Spreader)
Natural
Convection
100LFM
300LFM
200LFM
400LFM
500LFM
600LFM
Figure 25: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity
@Vin=48V(Transverse Orientation, airflow from Vin+ to Vin-,with
heat spreader)
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
23
MECHANICAL DRAWING (WITH HEAT SPREADER)
*For modules with through-hole pins and the optional heat spreader, they are intended for wave soldering assembly
onto system boards, please do not subject such modules through reflow temperature profile.
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
24
MECHANICAL DRAWING (WITHOUT HEAT SPREADER)
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
25
Pin Specification:
Pins 1-3&5
1.00mm (0.040”) diameter (All pins are copper with matte Tin plating over Nickel under plating)
Pins 4 &6
2. 1.50mm (0.059”) diameter (All pins are copper with matte Tin plating over Nickel under plating)
Pins 7-13
1. SQ 0.50mm(0.020’’) ( All pins are copper with gold flash plating)
DS_Q48SG12033_11012013
26
PART NUMBERING SYSTEM
Q
48
S
G
120
33
N
R
F
A
Type of
Product
Input
Voltage
Number
of
Outputs
Product
Series
Output
Voltage
Output
Current
ON/OFF
Logic
Pin Length
/Type
Option Code
Q-
Quarter
Brick
48-
38~75V
S- Single
G – Full
digital
control
120 –
11.8V
33 - 33A
N -
Negative
P -
Positive
K – 0.110’’
N - 0.145”
R - 0.170”
F- RoHS
6/6
(Lead
Free)
Droop
Current
Sharing
Trim pin
PMBus
pin
Heat
spreader
A
Yes
Yes, but no
function
Yes
No
B
No
Yes
No
No
C
No
Yes
No
Yes
D
No
No
No
Yes
G
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
H
Yes
Yes, but no
function
Yes
Yes
J
No
No
No
No
MODEL LIST
MODEL NAME
INPUT
OUTPUT
EFF @ 100% LOAD
Q48SG12033NRFA
38V~75V
12A
11.8V
33A
96%
Default remote on/off logic is negative and pin length is 0.170”
For different remote on/off logic and pin length, please refer to part numbering system above or contact your local sales
office.
CONTACT: www.deltaww.com/dcdc
USA:
Telephone:
East Coast: 978-656-3993
West Coast: 510-668-5100
Fax: (978) 656 3964
Email: DCDC@delta-corp.com
Europe:
Telephone: +31-20-655-0967
Fax: +31-20-655-0999
Email: DCDC@delta-es.com
Asia & the rest of world:
Telephone: +886 3 4526107 x 6220~6224
Fax: +886 3 4513485
Email: DCDC@delta.com.tw
WARRANTY
Delta offers a two (2) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our web site or is available upon
request from Delta.
Information furnished by Delta is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Delta for
its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties, which may result from its use. No license is
granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Delta. Delta reserves the right to revise these
specifications at any time, without notice.
