LP2951ACMX3.3NOPB - NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR

LMV7271,LMV7272,LMV7275

LMV7271/LMV7275/LMV7272 Single & Dual, 1.8V Low Power Comparators with

Rail-to-Rail Input

Literature Number: SNOSA56F

LMV7271/LMV7275/LMV7272

June 14, 2011

Single & Dual, 1.8V Low Power Comparators with Rail-to-

Rail Input

General Description

The LMV727X are rail-to-rail input low power comparators,

which are characterized at supply voltage 1.8V, 2.7V and

5.0V. They consume only 9uA supply current per channel

while achieving a 800ns propagation delay.

The LMV7271/LMV7275 (single) are available in SC70 and

SOT23 packages. The LMV7272 (dual) is available in micro

SMD package. With these tiny packages, the PC board area

can be significantly reduced. They are ideal for low voltage,

low power and space critical designs.

The LMV7271/LMV7272 both feature a push-pull output

stage which allows operation with minimum power consump-

tion when driving a load. The LMV7275 features an open drain

output stage that allows for wired-OR configurations. The

open drain output also offers the advantage of allowing the

output to be pulled to any voltage up to 5.5V, regardless of

the supply voltage of the LMV7275.

The LMV727X are built with National Semiconductor's ad-

vance submicron silicon-gate BiCMOS process. They all

have bipolar inputs for improved noise performance and

CMOS outputs for rail-to-rail output swing.

Features

(VS = 1.8V, TA = 25°C, Typical values unless specified).

■Single or Dual Supplies

■Ultra low supply current 9µA per channel

■Low input bias current 10nA

■Low input offset current 200pA

■Low guaranteed VOS 4mV

■Propagation delay 880ns (20mV overdrive)

■Input common mode voltage range 0.1V beyond rails

■LMV7272 is available in micro SMD package

Applications

■Mobile communications

■Laptops and PDA's

■Battery powered electronics

■General purpose low voltage applications

Typical Circuit

20064024

FIGURE 1. Threshold Detector

Part Number Single/Dual Package Output

LMV7271 Single SC70, SOT23 Push/Pull

LMV7272 Dual micro SMD Push/Pull

LMV7275 Single SC70, SOT23 Open Drain

LMV7271/LMV7275/LMV7272 Single & Dual, 1.8V Low Power Comparators with Rail-to-Rail Input

Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)

If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,

please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/

Distributors for availability and specifications.

ESD Tolerance 2KV (Note 2)

200V (Note 6)

VIN Differential ±Supply Voltage

Supply Voltage (V+ - V−)6V

Voltage at Input/Output pins V+ +0.1V, V− −0.1V

Soldering Information

Infrared or Convection (20 sec.) 235°C

Wave Soldering (10 sec.) 260°C

Storage Temperature Range −65°C to +150°C

Junction Temperature (Note 4) +150°C

Operating Ratings (Note 1)

Supply Voltage Range 1.8V to 5.5V

Temperature Range (Note 3) −40°C to +85°C

Package Thermal Resistance (Note 3)

SOT23-5 325°C/W

SC-70 265°C/W

8-Bump Thin micro SMD 220°C/W

1.8V Electrical Characteristics

Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for TJ = 25°C, V+ = 1.8V, V− = 0V. Boldface limits apply at the temperature

extremes.

Symbol Parameter Condition Min

(Note 5)

Typ

(Note 4)

Max

(Note 5)Units

VOS Input Offset Voltage 0.3 4

6mV

TC VOS Input Offset Temperature Drift VCM = 0.9V (Note 7) 20 uV/°C

IBInput Bias Current 10 nA

IOS Input Offset Current 200 pA

ISSupply Current

LMV7271/LMV7275 9 12

14 µA

LMV7272 18 25

28 µA

ISC Output Short Circuit Current

Sourcing, VO = 0.9V

(LMV7271/LMV7272 only) 3.5 6

Sinking, VO = 0.9V 4 6

VOH

Output Voltage High

(LMV7271/LMV7272 only)

IO = 0.5mA 1.7 1.74 V

IO = 1.5mA 1.47 1.63

VOL Output Voltage Low IO = −0.5mA 52 100 mV

IO = −1.5mA 166 220

VCM Input Common Mode Voltage Range CMRR > 45 dB 1.9 V

−0.1 V

CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio 0 < VCM < 1.8V 46 78 dB

PSRR Power Supply Rejection Ratio V+ = 1.8V to 5V 55 80 dB

ILEAKAGE Output Leakage Current VO = 1.8V (LMV7275 only) 2 pA

1.8V AC Electrical Characteristics

Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for TJ = 25°C, V+ = 1.8V, V− = 0V, VCM = 0.5V, VO = V+/2 and RL > 1MΩ to V−.

Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.

Symbol Parameter Condition Min

(Note 6)

Typ

(Note 5)

Max

(Note 6)Units

tPHL

Propagation Delay

(High to Low)

Input Overdrive = 20mV

Load = 50pF//5kΩ 880 ns

Input Overdrive = 50mV

Load = 50pF//5kΩ 570 ns

tPLH

Propagation Delay

(Low to High)

Input Overdrive = 20mV

Load = 50pF//5kΩ 1100 ns

Input Overdrive = 50mV

Load = 50pF//5kΩ 800 ns

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LMV7271/LMV7275/ LMV7272

2.7V Electrical Characteristics

Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for TJ = 25°C, V+ = 2.7V, V− = 0V. Boldface limits apply at the temperature

extremes.

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min

(Note 6)

Typ

(Note 5)

Max

(Note 6)Units

VOS Input Offset Voltage 0.3 4

6mV

TC VOS Input Offset Temperature Drift VCM = 1.35V (Note 7) 20 µV/°C

IBInput Bias Current 10 nA

IOS Input offset Current 200 pA

ISSupply Current

LMV7271/LMV7275 9 13

15 µA

LMV7272 18 25

µA

ISC Output Short Circuit Current

Sourcing, VO = 1.35V

(LMV7271/LMV7272 only) 10 15

Sinking, VO = 1.35V 10 15

VOH

Output Voltage High

(LMV7271/LMV7272 only)

IO = 0.5mA 2.63 2.66 V

IO = 2.0mA 2.48 2.55

VOL Output Voltage Low IO = −0.5mA 50 70 mV

IO = −2mA 155 220

VCM Input Common Voltage Range CMRR > 45dB 2.8 V

−0.1 V

CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio 0 < VCM < 2.7V 46 78 dB

PSRR Power Supply Rejection Ratio V+ = 1.8V to 5V 55 80 dB

ILEAKAGE Output Leakage Current VO = 2.7V (LMV7275 only) 2 pA

2.7V AC Electrical Characteristics

Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for TJ = 25°C, V+ = 2.7V, V− = 0V, VCM = 0.5V, VO = V+/2 and RL > 1MΩ to V−.

Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.

Symbol Parameter Condition Min

(Note 6)

Typ

(Note 5)

Max

(Note 6)Units

tPHL

Propagation Delay

(High to Low)

Input Overdrive = 20mV

Load = 50pF//5kΩ 1200 ns

Input Overdrive = 50mV

Load = 50pF//5kΩ 810 ns

tPLH

Propagation Delay

(Low to High)

Input Overdrive = 20mV

Load = 50pF//5kΩ 1300 ns

Input Overdrive = 50mV

Load = 50pF//5kΩ 860 ns

5.0V Electrical Characteristics

Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for TJ = 25°C, V+ = 5V, V− = 0V. Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min

(Note 6)

Typ

(Note 5)

Max

(Note 6)Units

VOS Input Offset Voltage 0.3 4

6mV

TC VOS Input Offset Temperature Drift VCM = 2.5V (Note 7) 20 µV/°C

IBInput Bias Current 10 nA

IOS Input Offset Current 200 pA

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LMV7271/LMV7275/ LMV7272

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min

(Note 6)

Typ

(Note 5)

Max

(Note 6)Units

ISSupply Current

LMV7271/LMV7275 10 14

16 µA

LMV7272 20 27

30 µA

ISC Output Short Circuit Current

Sourcing, VO = 2.5V

(LMV7271/LMV7272 only) 18 34 mA

Sinking, VO = 2.5V 18 34

VOH

Output Voltage High

(LMV7271/LMV7272 only)

IO = 0.5mA 4.93 4.96 V

IO = 4.0mA 4.675 4.77

VOL Output Voltage Low IO = −0.5mA 27 70 mV

IO = −4.0mA 225 315

VCM Input Common Voltage Range CMRR > 45dB 5.1 V

−0.1

CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio 0 < VCM < 5.0V 46 78 dB

PRSS Power Supply Rejection Ratio V+ = 1.8V to 5V 55 80 dB

ILEAKAGE Output Leakage Current VO = 5V (LMV7275 only) 2 pA

5.0V AC Electrical Characteristics

Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for TJ = 25°C, V+ = 5.0V, V− = 0V, VCM = 0.5V, VO = V+/2 and RL > 1MΩ to V−.

Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.

Symbol Parameter Condition Min

(Note 6)

Typ

(Note 5)

Max

(Note 6)Units

tPHL

Propagation Delay

(High to Low)

Input Overdrive = 20mV

Load = 50pF//5kΩ 2100 ns

Input Overdrive = 50mV

Load = 50pF//5kΩ 1380 ns

tPLH

Propagation Delay

(Low to High)

Input Overdrive = 20mV

Load = 50pF//5kΩ 1800 ns

Input Overdrive = 50mV

Load = 50pF//5kΩ 1100 ns

Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is

intended to be functional, but specific performance is not guaranteed. For guaranteed specifications and the test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics.

Note 2: Human body model, 1.5kΩ in series with 100pF.

Note 3: The maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(MAX), θJA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is

PD = (TJ(MAX) - TA)/θJA. All numbers apply for packages soldered directly into a PC board.

Note 4: Typical values represent the most likely parametric norm.

Note 5: All limits are guaranteed by testing or statistical analysis.

Note 6: Machine Model, 0Ω in series with 200pF.

Note 7: Offset Voltage average drift determined by dividing the change in VOS at temperature extremes into the total temperature change.

Note 8: Electrical Table values apply only for factory testing conditions at the temperature indicated. Factory testing conditions result in very limited self-heating

of the device such that TJ = TA. No guarantee of parametric performance is indicated in the electrical tables under conditions of internal self heating where TJ >

TA. Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate junction temperature limits beyond which the device may be permanently degraded, either mechanically or electrically.

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LMV7271/LMV7275/ LMV7272

Connection Diagrams

5-Pin SOT23/SC70 (LMV7271/LMV7275)

20064023

Top View

8-Bump micro SMD (LMV7272)

20064041

Top View

(bump side down)

Ordering Information

Package Part Number Package Marking Transport Media NSC Drawing

5-Pin SOT23

LMV7271MF C25A 1k Units Tape and Reel

MF05A

LMV7271MFX 3k Units Tape and Reel

LMV7275MF C26A 1k Units Tape and Reel

LMV7275MFX 3k Units Tape and Reel

5-Pin SC70

LMV7271MG C34 1k Units Tape and Reel

MAA05A

LMV7271MGX 3k Units Tape and Reel

LMV7275MG C35 1k Units Tape and Reel

LMV7275MGX 3k Units Tape and Reel

8-Bump

micro SMD

LMV7272TL I 01 250 Units Tape and Reel TLA08AAA

LMV7272TLX 3k Units Tape and Reel

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LMV7271/LMV7275/ LMV7272

Typical Performance Characteristics (TA = 25°C, Unless otherwise specified).

VOS vs. VCM

20064028

VOS vs. VCM

20064029

VOS vs. VCM

20064030

Short Circuit vs. Supply Voltage

20064001

Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage (LMV7271)

20064002

Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage (LMV7272)

20064031

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LMV7271/LMV7275/ LMV7272

Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage (LMV7272)

20064032

Output Positive Swing vs. VSUPPLY

20064033

Output Negative Swing vs. VSUPPLY

20064034

Output Positive Swing vs. ISOURCE

20064035

Output Negative Swing vs. ISINK

20064036

Output Positive Swing vs. ISOURCE

20064037

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LMV7271/LMV7275/ LMV7272

Output Negative Swing vs. ISINK

20064038

Output Negative Swing vs. ISINK

20064039

Output Positive Swing vs. ISOURCE

20064040

Propagation Delay (tPLH)

20064014

Propagation Delay (tPHL)

20064018

Propagation Delay (tPLH)

20064015

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LMV7271/LMV7275/ LMV7272

Propagation Delay (tPHL)

20064020

Propagation Delay (tPLH)

20064016

Propagation Delay (tPHL)

20064022

tPHL vs. Overdrive

20064050

tPLH vs. Overdrive

20064049

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LMV7271/LMV7275/ LMV7272

Application Notes

BASIC COMPARATOR

A comparator is often used to convert an analog signal to a

digital signal. As shown in Figure 2, the comparator compares

an input voltage (VIN) to a reference voltage (VREF). If VIN is

less than VREF, the output (VO) is low. However, if VIN is

greater than VREF, the output voltage (VO) is high.

LMV7271

20064025

20064017

FIGURE 2. LMV7271 Basic Comparator

RAIL-TO-RAIL INPUT STAGE

The LMV727X has an input common mode voltage range

(VCM) of −0.1V below the V− to 0.1V above V+. This is

achieved by using paralleled PNP and NPN differential input

pairs. When the VCM is near V+, the NPN pair is on and the

PNP pair is off. When the VCM is near V−, the NPN pair is off

and the PNP pair is on. The crossover point between the NPN

and PNP input stages is around 950mV from V+. Since each

input stage has its own offset voltage (VOS), the VOS of the

comparator becomes a function of the VCM. See curves for

VOS vs. VCM in Typical Performance Characteristics section.

In application design, it is recommended to keep the VCM

away from the crossover point to avoid problems. The wide

input voltage range makes LMV727X ideal in power supply

monitoring circuits, where the comparators are used to sense

signals close to ground and power supplies.

OUTPUT STAGE

The LMV7271 and LMV7272 have a push-pull output stage.

This output stage keeps the total system power consumption

to the absolute minimum. The only current consumed is the

low supply current and the current going directly into the load.

When the output switches, both PMOS and NMOS at the out-

put stage are on at the same time for a very short time. This

allows current to flow directly between V+ and V− through out-

put transistors. The result is a short spike of current (shoot-

through current) drawn from the supply and glitches in the

supply voltages. The glitches can spread to other parts of the

board as noise. To prevent the glitches in supply lines, power

supply bypass capacitors must be installed. See section for

supply bypassing in the Application Notes for details.

HYSTERESIS

It is a standard procedure to use hysteresis (positive feed-

back) around a comparator, to prevent oscillation, and to

avoid excessive noise on the output because the comparator

is a good amplifier of its own noise.

Inverting Comparator with Hysteresis

The inverting comparator with hysteresis requires a three re-

sistor network that is referenced to the supply voltage VCC of

the comparator (Figure 3). When VIN at the inverting input is

less than VA, the voltage at the non-inverting node of the

comparator (VIN < VA), the output voltage is high (for simplicity

assume VO switches as high as VCC). The three network re-

sistors can be represented as R1||R3 in series with R2. The

lower input trip voltage VA1 is defined as

When VIN is greater than VA (VIN > VA), the output voltage is

low and very close to ground. In this case the three network

resistors can be presented as R2//R3 in series with R1. The

upper trip voltage VA2 is defined as

The total hysteresis provided by the network is defined as

ΔVA = VA1 - VA2

A good typical value of ΔVA would be in the range of 5 to

50mV. This is easily obtained by choosing R3 as 1000 to 100

times (R1||R2) for 5V operation, or as 300 to 30 times (R1||

R2) for 1.8V operation.

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LMV7271/LMV7275/ LMV7272

20064042

FIGURE 3. Inverting Comparator with Hysteresis

Non-Inverting Comparator with Hysteresis

A non-inverting comparator with hysteresis requires a two re-

sistor network, and a voltage reference (VREF) at the inverting

input (Figure 4). When VIN is low, the output is also low. For

the output to switch from low to high, VIN must rise up to

VIN1, where VIN1 is calculated by

When VIN is high, the output is also high. To make the com-

parator switch back to its low state, VIN must equal VREF

before VA will again equal VREF. VIN can be calculated by:

The hysteresis of this circuit is the difference between VIN1

and VIN2.

ΔVIN = VCCR1/R2

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LMV7271/LMV7275/ LMV7272

20064044

20064043

FIGURE 4. Non-Inverting Comparator with Hysteresis

CIRCUIT TECHNIQUES FOR AVOIDING OSCILLATIONS

IN COMPARATOR APPLICATIONS

Feedback to almost any pin of a comparator can result in os-

cillation. In addition, when the input signal is a slow voltage

ramp or sine wave, the comparator may also burst into oscil-

lation near the crossing point. To avoid oscillation or instabil-

ity, PCB layout should be engineered thoughtfully. Several

precautions are recommended:

1. Power supply bypassing is critical, and will improve sta-

bility and transient response. Resistance and inductance

from power supply wires and board traces increase power

supply line impedance. When supply current changes, the

power supply line will move due to its impedance. Large

enough supply line shift will cause the comparator to mis-

operate. To avoid problems, a small bypass capacitor,

such as 0.1uF ceramic, should be placed immediately ad-

jacent to the supply pins. An additional 6.8μF or greater

tantalum capacitor should be placed at the point where the

power supply for the comparator is introduced onto the

board. These capacitors act as an energy reservoir and

keep the supply impedance low. In dual supply applica-

tion, a 0.1μF capacitor is recommended to be placed

across V+ and V− pins.

2. Keep all leads short to reduce stray capacitance and lead

inductance. It will also minimize any unwanted coupling

from any high-level signals (such as the output). The com-

parators can easily oscillate if the output lead is inadver-

tently allowed to capacitively couple to the inputs via stray

capacitance. This shows up only during the output voltage

transition intervals as the comparator changes states. Try

to avoid a long loop which could act as an inductor (coil).

3. It is a good practice to use an unbroken ground plane on

a printed circuit board to provide all components with a low

inductive ground connection. Make sure ground paths are

low-impedance where heavier currents are flowing to

avoid ground level shift. Preferably there should be a

ground plane under the component.

4. The output trace should be routed away from inputs. The

ground plane should extend between the output and in-

puts to act as a guard. This can be achieved by running a

topside ground plane between the output and inputs. A

typical PCB layout is shown in Figure 5.

20064051

FIGURE 5. Typical PCB Layout

5. When the signal source is applied through a resistive net-

work to one input of the comparator, it is usually advan-

tageous to connect the other input with a resistor with the

same value, for both DC and AC consideration. Input

traces should be laid out symmetrically if possible.

6. All pins of any unused comparators should be tied to the

negative supply.

micro SMD LIGHT SENSITIVITY

Exposing the micro SMD device to direct sunlight will cause

mis-operation of the device. Light sources such as Halogen

lamps can also affect electrical performance if brought near

to the device. The wavelengths, which have the most detri-

mental effect, are reds and infrareds.

micro SMD MOUNTING

The micro SMD package requires specific mounting tech-

niques, which are detailed in National Semiconductor Appli-

cation Note AN-1112.

LMV7272 micro SMD to DIP Conversion Board

To facilitate characterization and testing, a micro SMD to DIP

conversion board, LMV7272TLCONV, is available. It is a 2-

layer board, with the LMV7272 mounted on the bottom layer,

and a capacitor (C1, between the positive and negative sup-

plies) added to the top layer.

20064060

LMV7272TLCONV Diagram

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LMV7271/LMV7275/ LMV7272

Typical Applications

UNIVERSAL LOGIC LEVEL SHIFTER

The output of LMV7275 is an unconnected drain of an NMOS

device, which can be pulled up, through a resistor, to any de-

sired output level within the permitted power supply range.

Hence, the following simple circuit works as a universal logic

level shifter, pulling up the signal to the desired level.

20064052

FIGURE 6. Logic Level Shifter

POSITIVE PEAK DETECTOR

A positive peak detect circuit is basically a comparator oper-

ated in a unity gain follower configuration, with a capacitor as

a load to maintain the highest voltage. A diode is added at the

output to prevent the capacitor from discharging through the

pull-up resistor, and a 1MΩ resistor added in parallel to the

capacitor to provide a high impedance discharge path. When

the input VIN increases, the inverting input of the comparator

follows it, thus charging the capacitor. When it decreases, the

cap discharges through the 1MΩ resistor. The decay time can

be modified by changing the resistor. The output should be

accessed through a follower circuit to prevent loading.

20064054

FIGURE 7. Positive Peak Detector

OR'ING THE OUTPUT

Since the output is an unconnected NMOS drain, many drains

can be tied together, pulled up to VDD by a single resistor to

provide an output OR'ing function. If any of the comparator

outputs is pulled low the output VO goes down.

20064053

FIGURE 8. OR’ing the Outputs

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LMV7271/LMV7275/ LMV7272

NEGATIVE PEAK DETECTOR

For the negative detector, the output transistor of the com-

parator acts as a low impedance current sink. Since there is

no pull-up resistor, the only discharge path will be the 1MΩ

resistor and any load impedance used. Decay time is

changed by varying the 1MΩ resistor.

20064055

FIGURE 9. Negative Peak Detector

SQUARE WAVE GENERATOR

A typical application for a comparator is as a square wave

oscillator. The circuit below generates a square wave whose

period is set by the RC time constant of the capacitor C1and

resistor R4. The maximum frequency is limited by the large

signal propagation delay of the comparator, and by the ca-

pacitive loading at the output, which limits the output slew

rate.

20064056

20064057

FIGURE 10. Squarewave Oscillator

To analyze the circuit, consider it when the output is high. That

implies that the inverted input (VC) is lower than the non-in-

verting input (VA). This causes the C1 to get charged through

R4, and the voltage VC increases till it is equal to the non-

inverting input. The value of VA at this point is

If R1 = R2 = R3, then VA1 = 2VCC/3

At this point the comparator switches pulling down the output

to the negative rail. The value of VA at this point is

If R1 = R2 = R3, then VA2 = VCC/3

The capacitor C1 now discharges through R4, and the voltage

VC decreases till it is equal to VA2, at which point the com-

parator switches again, bringing it back to the initial stage. The

time period is equal to twice the time it takes to discharge

C1 from 2VCC/3 to VCC/3, which is given by R4C1.ln2. Hence

the formula for the frequency is:

F = 1/(2·R4·C1·ln2)

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LMV7271/LMV7275/ LMV7272

Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted

5-Pin SOT-23

NS Package Number MF05A

5-Pin SC-70

NS Package Number MAA05A

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LMV7271/LMV7275/ LMV7272

NOTE: UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED

1. EPOXY COATING

2. 63Sn/37Pb EUTECTIC BUMP

3. RECOMMEND NON-SOLDER MASK DEFINED LANDING PAD.

4. PIN A1 IS ESTABLISHED BY LOWER LEFT CORNER WITH RESPECT TO TEXT ORIENTATION REMAINING PINS ARE NUMBERED COUNTERCLOCK-

WISE.

5. XXX IN DRAWING NUMBER REPRESENTS PACKAGE SIZE VARIATION WHERE X1 IS PACKAGE WIDTH, X2 IS PACKAGE LENGTH AND X3 IS PACK-

AGE HEIGHT.

6. REFERENCE JEDEC REGISTRATION MO-211, VARIATION BC.

8-Bump micro SMD

NS Package Number TLA08AAA

X1 = 1.514mm X2 = 1.514mm X3 = 0.600mm

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LMV7271/LMV7275/ LMV7272

Notes

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LMV7271/LMV7275/ LMV7272

Notes

LMV7271/LMV7275/LMV7272 Single & Dual, 1.8V Low Power Comparators with Rail-to-Rail Input

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