This is information on a product in full production.
May 2017 DocID17811 Rev 4 1/19
SRK2000
Synchronous rectifier smart driver for LLC resonant converters
Datasheet - production data
Features
Secondary-side synchronous rectifier
controller optimized for LLC resonant
converters
Protection against current reversal
Safe management of load transient, light load
and startup condition
Intelligent automatic sleep mode at light load
Dual gate driver for N-channel MOSFETs with
1 A source and 3.5 A sink drive current
Operating voltage range 4.5 to 32 V
Programmable UVLO with hysteresis
250 µA quiescent consumption
Operating frequency up to 500 kHz
Available in SO-8 package
Applications
All-in-one PC
High-power AC-DC adapters
80+/85+ compliant ATX SMPS
90+/92+ compliant server SMPS
Industrial SMPS
Description
The SRK2000 smart driver implements a control
scheme specific to secondary-side synchronous
rectification in LLC resonant converters that use
a transformer with center-tap secondary winding
for full-wave rectification.
It provides two high current gate drive outputs,
each capable of driving one or more N-channel
Power MOSFETs. Each gate driver is controlled
separately and an interlocking logic circuit
prevents the two synchronous rectifier MOSFETs
from conducting simultaneously.
The control scheme in this IC allows for each
synchronous rectifier to be switched on as the
corresponding half-winding starts conducting and
switched off as its current goes to zero. A unique
feature of this IC is its intelligent automatic sleep
mode. It allows the detection of a low-power
operating condition for the converter and puts the
IC into a low consumption sleep mode where gate
driving is stopped and quiescent consumption is
reduced. In this way, converter efficiency
improves at light load, where synchronous
rectification is no longer beneficial. The IC
automatically exits sleep mode and restarts
switching as it recognizes that the load for the
converter has increased.
A noticeable feature is the very low external
component count required.
SO-8
Table 1. Device summary
Order code Package Packing
SRK2000D
SO-8
Tube
SRK2000DTR Tape and reel
www.st.com
Contents SRK2000
2/19 DocID17811 Rev 4
Contents
1 Internal block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2 Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3 Maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4 Typical application schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6 Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
6.1 EN pin - pin function and usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
6.1.1 Pull-up resistor configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
6.1.2 Resistor divider configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
6.1.3 Remote on/off control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
6.2 Drain voltage sensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
6.3 Gate driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
6.4 Intelligent automatic sleep mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
6.5 Protection against current reversal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
6.6 Layout guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
7 Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
7.1 SO-8 package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
8 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
DocID17811 Rev 4 3/19
SRK2000 Internal block diagram
19
1 Internal block diagram
Figure 1. Internal block diagram
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Pin description SRK2000
4/19 DocID17811 Rev 4
2 Pin description
Figure 2. Pin configuration
Table 2. Pin description
No. Name Function
1SGND
Signal ground. Return of the bias current of the device and 0 V reference for
drain-to-source voltage monitors of both sections. Route this pin directly to
PGND.
2EN
Drain voltage threshold setting for synchronous rectifier MOSFET turn-off.
UVLO threshold programming. This pin is typically biased by either a pull-up
resistor connected to VCC or by a resistor divider sensing VCC. Pulling the pin to
ground disables the gate driver outputs GD1 and GD2 and can therefore be
used also as Enable input.
3
4
DVS1
DVS2
Drain voltage sensing for sections 1 and 2. These pins are to be connected to
the respective drain terminals of the corresponding synchronous rectifier
MOSFET via limiting resistors. When the voltage on either pin goes negative,
the corresponding synchronous rectifier MOSFET is switched on; as its
(negative) voltage exceeds a threshold defined by the EN pin, the MOSFET is
switched off. An internal logic rejects switching noise, however, extreme care in
the proper routing of the drain connection is recommended.
5
7
GD2
GD1
Gate driver output for sections 2 and 1. Each totem pole output stage is able to
drive the Power MOSFETs with a peak current of 1 A source and 3.5 A sink. The
high-level voltage of these pins is clamped at about 12 V to avoid excessive gate
voltages in case the device is supplied with a high VCC.
6PGND
Power ground. Return for gate drive currents. Route this pin to the common
point where the source terminals of both synchronous rectifier MOSFETs are
connected.
8V
CC
Supply voltage of the device. A small bypass capacitor (0.1 µF typ.) to SGND,
located as close to the IC’s pins as possible, may be useful to obtain a clean
supply voltage for the internal control circuitry. A similar bypass capacitor to
PGND, again located as close to the IC’s pins as possible, may be an effective
energy buffer for the pulsed gate drive currents.
GD2
SGND
EN
DVS1
DVS2
Vcc
GD1
PGND
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5GD2
SGND
EN
DVS1
DVS2
Vcc
GD1
PGND
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
DocID17811 Rev 4 5/19
SRK2000 Pin description
19
Figure 3. Typical system block diagram
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Maximum ratings SRK2000
6/19 DocID17811 Rev 4
3 Maximum ratings
4 Typical application schematic
Figure 4. Typical application schematic
Table 3. Absolute maximum ratings
Symbol Pin Parameter Value Unit
VCC 8 DC supply voltage -0.3 to VCCZ V
ICCZ 8 Internal Zener maximum current 25 mA
--- 2, 3, 4 Analog inputs voltage rating -0.3 to VCCZ V
IDVS1,2_sk 3, 4 Analog inputs max. sink current (single pin) 25 mA
IDVS1,2_sr 3, 4 Analog inputs max. source current (single pin) -5 mA
Table 4. Thermal data
Symbol Parameter Value Unit
RthJA Max. thermal resistance, junction to ambient 150 °C/W
Ptot Power dissipation at TA = 50 °C 0.65 W
TJJunction temperature operating range -40 to 150 °C
Tstg Storage temperature -55 to 150 °C
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DocID17811 Rev 4 7/19
SRK2000 Electrical characteristics
19
5 Electrical characteristics
TJ = -25 to 125 °C, VCC = 12 V, CGD1 = CGD2 = 4.7 nF, EN = VCC; unless otherwise
specified; typical values refer to TJ = 25 °C.
Table 5. Electrical characteristics
Symbol Parameter Test condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit
Supply voltage
VCC Operating range After turn-on 4.5 - 32 V
VCCOn Turn-on threshold See(1) 4.25 4.5 4.75 V
VCCOff Turn-off threshold See(1) 4 4.25 4.5 V
Hys Hysteresis - - 0.25 - V
VCCZ Zener voltage ICCZ = 20 mA 33 36 39 V
Supply current
Istart-up Startup current Before turn-on, VCC = 4 V - 45 70 µA
Iq Quiescent current After turn-on - 250 500 µA
ICC Operating supply current At 300 kHz - 35 - mA
Iq Quiescent current EN = SGND - 150 250 µA
Drain sensing inputs and synch functions
VDVS1,2_H Upper clamp voltage IDVS1,2 = 20 mA - VCCZ -V
IDVS1,2_b Input bias current VDVS1,2 = 0 to VCC(2) -1 - 1 µA
VDVS1,2_A
Arming voltage
(positive-going edge) --1.4-V
VDVS1,2_PT
Pre-triggering voltage
(negative-going edge) --0.7-V
VDVS1,2_TH Turn-on threshold - -250 -200 -180 mV
IDVS1,2_On Turn-on source current VDVS1,2 = -250 mV - -50 - µA
VDVS1,2_Off
Turn-off threshold
(positive-going edge)
R = 680 k from EN to VCC -18 -25 -32
mV
R = 270 k from EN to VCC -9 -12.5 -16
TPD_On Turn-on debounce delay After sourcing IDS1,2_On -250-ns
TPD_Off Turn-off propagation delay After crossing VDS1,2_Off --60ns
TON_min Minimum on-time - - 150 - ns
DOFF Min. operating duty-cycle - - 40 - %
DON Restart duty-cycle - - 60 - %
Gate drive enable function
VEN_On Enable threshold Positive-going edge(1) 1.7 1.8 1.9 V
Hyst Hysteresis Below VEN_On -45-mV
Electrical characteristics SRK2000
8/19 DocID17811 Rev 4
Symbol Parameter Test condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit
IEN Bias current VEN = VEN_On --1µA
Turn-off threshold selection
VEN-Th Selection threshold VCC = VCCOn 0.32 0.36 0.40 V
IEN Pull-down current VEN = VEN_Th, VCC = VCCOn 71013µA
Gate drivers
VGDH Output high voltage
IGDsource = 5 mA 11.75 11.9 -
V
IGDsource = 5 mA, VCC = 5 V 4.75 4.9 -
VGDL Output low voltage
IGDsink = 200 mA - 0.2 -
V
IGDsink = 200 mA, VCC = 5 V - 0.2 -
Isourcepk
Output source peak
current ---1-A
Isinkpk Output sink peak current - - 3.5 - A
tfFall time - - 18 - ns
trRise time - - 40 - ns
VGDclamp Output clamp voltage IGDsource = 5 mA; VCC = 20 V 12 13 15 V
VGDL_UVLO UVLO saturation VCC = 0 to VCCon
Isink = 5 mA -11.3V
1. Parameters tracking each other.
2. For VCC > 30 V IDVS1,2_b may be greater than 1 µA because of the possible current contribution of the
internal clamp Zener (few tens of µA).
Table 5. Electrical characteristics (continued)
DocID17811 Rev 4 9/19
SRK2000 Application information
19
6 Application information
6.1 EN pin - pin function and usage
This pin can perform three different functions: it sets the threshold VDVS1,2_Off for the drain-
to-source voltage of either synchronous rectifier (SR) Power MOSFET to determine their
turn-off in each conduction cycle; it allows the user to program the UVLO thresholds of the
gate drivers and can be used as Enable (remote on/off control).
6.1.1 Pull-up resistor configuration
At startup, an internal 10 µA current sink (IEN) is active as long as the device supply voltage
VCC is below the startup threshold VCCOn. The moment VCC equals VCCOn (4.5 V typ.), the
voltage VEN on the EN pin determines the turn-off threshold VDVS1,2_Off for the drain voltage
of both synchronous rectifiers during their cycle-by-cycle operation: if VEN < VEN_Th
(= 0.36 V) the threshold is set at -25 mV, otherwise at -12 mV. Once the decision is made,
the setting is frozen as long as VCC is greater than the turn-off level VCCOff (4.25 V typ.).
A simple pull-up resistor R1 to VCC can be used to set VDVS1,2_Off turn-off threshold. The
voltage on the EN pin as the device turns on is given by:
Equation 1
Then, considering worst-case scenarios, we have:
Equation 2
Some additional margin (equal to the resistor's tolerance) needs to be considered;
assuming 5% tolerance, the use of the standard values R1 = 680 k in the first case
and R1 = 270 k in the second case, is suggested.
Figure 5. EN pin biased with a pull-up resistor (for logic level MOSFET driving)
1RIVV ENCCOnEN
mV25Vk6331R Off_2,1DVS
mV12Vk2961R Off_2,1DVS
Application information SRK2000
10/19 DocID17811 Rev 4
As VCC exceeds VCCOn, the internal current sink IEN is switched off and the enable function
is activated. The voltage on the pin is then compared to an internal reference VEN_On set at
1.8 V: if this threshold is exceeded the gate drivers GD1 and GD2 are enabled and the SR
MOSFET is operated; otherwise, the device stays in an idle condition and the SR MOSFET
in the off state.
Using the pull-up resistor RP
, the voltage on the EN pin rises as IEN is switched off and tends
to VCC, therefore exceeding VEN_On and enabling the operation of both SR MOSFETs.
Essentially, this results in enabling the gate-driving as VCC exceeds VCCOn and disabling it
as VCC falls below VCCOn. This configuration is thereby recommended when SR MOSFETs
are logic level types.
6.1.2 Resistor divider configuration
To enable gate-driving with a VCC voltage higher than a predefined value VCC_G
, to properly
drive a standard SR MOSFET, the EN pin is biased by a resistor divider (R1 upper resistor,
R2 lower resistor) whose value is chosen so as to exceed VEN_On when VCC = VCC_G and
also to set the desired VDVS1,2_Off level. Note that, with a falling VCC, gate-driving is
disabled at a VCC level about 2.5% lower than VCC_G
, because of the 45 mV hysteresis of
the comparator.
The equations that describe the circuit in the two crucial conditions VCC = VCCOn (when the
decision of the VDVS1,2_Off level is made) and VCC = VCC_G (when gate-driving is to be
enabled) are respectively:
Figure 6. EN pin biased with a resistor divider to program the gate drive UVLO
threshold VCC_G
Equation 3
On_ENG_CC
EN
EN
ENCCOn
V
2R1R
2R
V
2R
V
I
1R
VV
DocID17811 Rev 4 11/19
SRK2000 Application information
19
Solving these equations for R1 and R2 we get:
Equation 4
If VCC_G is not too low (< 8 ÷ 9 V), its tolerance is not critical because it is related only to that
of VEN_On (± 5.6%) and of the external resistors R1, R2 (± 1% each is recommended).
Then, some care needs to be taken only as far as the selection of the -12/-25 mV threshold
is concerned: in fact, the large spread of IEN considerably affects the voltage on the EN pin
as the device turns on, a value that can be found by solving the first of (1) for VEN:
Equation 5
A couple of examples clarify the suggested calculation methodology.
Example 1 VCC_G = 10 V, VDVS1,2_Off = - 25 mV.
In this case, VEN must definitely be lower than the minimum value of VEN_Th (= 0.32 V).
From the second of (2), the nominal ratio of R1 to R2 is (10 – 1.8) / 1.8 = 4.555. Substituting
the appropriate extreme values in (3) it must be (4.75 - 7·10-6·R1) / (1 + 4.555) < 0.32;
solving for R1 yields R1 > 425 k; let us consider an additional 4% margin to take both the
tolerance and the granularity of the R1 and R2 values into account, so that:
R1 > 425·1.04 = 442 k. Choose R1 = 442 k (E48 standard value) and, from the second of
(2), R2 = 442/4.555 = 97 k; use 97.6 k (E48 standard value).
Example 2 VCC_G = 10 V, VDVS1,2_Off = - 12 mV.
In this case, VEN must definitely be higher than the maximum value of VEN_Th (= 0.40 V).
From the second of (2), the nominal ratio of R1 to R2 is (10 – 1.8) / 1.8 = 4.555. Substituting
the appropriate extreme values in (3) it must be (4.25 - 13·10-6·R1) / (1 + 4.555) > 0.4;
solving for R1 yields R1 < 156 k; with 4% additional margin R1 < 156/1.04 = 150 k.
Choose R1 = 147 k (E48 standard value) and, from the second of (2),
R2 = 147/4.555 = 32.3 k; use 32.4 k (E48 standard value).
Note: In both examples the gate drivers are disabled as VCC falls below 9.75 V (nominal value), as
the voltage on the EN pin falls 45 mV below VEN_On.
6.1.3 Remote on/off control
Whichever configuration is used, since a voltage on the EN pin 45 mV below VEN_On
disables the gate drivers, any small-signal transistor can be used to pull down the EN pin
and force the gate drivers into an off state.
Finally, it should be noted that during power-up, power-down, and under overload or short-
circuit conditions, the gate drivers are shut down if the VCC voltage is insufficient: < VCCOff in
On_ENG_CC
On_EN
EN
On_EN
G_CC
ENCCOn
VV
V
1R2R
I
V
V
VV
1R
2R
1R
1
1RIV
VENCCOn
EN
Application information SRK2000
12/19 DocID17811 Rev 4
case of pull-up resistor configuration, < 0.975 · VCC_G in case of resistor divider
configuration (the coefficient 0.975 depends on the hysteresis on the Enable pin threshold).
6.2 Drain voltage sensing
In the following explanations it is assumed that the reader is familiar with the LLC resonant
half bridge topology and its waveforms, especially those on the secondary side with
a center-tap transformer winding for full-wave rectification.
To understand the polarity and the level of the current flowing in the SR MOSFETs (or their
body diodes, or diodes in parallel to the MOSFETs) the IC is provided with two pins,
DVS1-2, able to sense the voltage level of the MOSFET drains.
Figure 7. Typical waveform seen on the drain voltage sensing pins
The logic that controls the driving of the two SR MOSFETs is based on two gate-driver state
machines working in parallel in an interlocked way to avoid both gate drivers being switched
on at the same time.
There are four significant drain voltage thresholds: the first one, VDVS1,2_A (= 1.4 V),
sensitive to positive-going edges, arms the opposite gate driver (interlock function); the
second, VDVS1,2_PT (= 0.7 V), sensitive to negative-going edges, provides a pre-trigger of
the gate driver; the third is the (negative) threshold VTH-ON that triggers the gate driver as
the body diode of the SR MOSFET starts conducting; the fourth is the internal (negative)
threshold VDVS1,2_Off where the SR MOSFET is switched off (selectable between -12 mV or
-25 mV by properly biasing the EN pin).
The value of the ON threshold VTH-ON is affected by the external resistor in series to each
DVS1-2 pin needed essentially to limit the current that might be injected into the pins when
one SR MOSFET is off and the other SR MOSFET is conducting. In fact, on the one hand,
when one MOSFET is off (and the other one is conducting), its drain-to-source voltage is
slightly higher than twice the output voltage; if this exceeds the voltage rating of the internal
clamp (VCCZ = 36 V typ.), a series resistor RD must limit the injected current below an
appropriate value, lower than the maximum rating (25 mA) and taking the related power
dissipation into account. On the other hand, when current starts flowing into the body diode
of one MOSFET (or in the diode in parallel with the MOSFET), the drain-to-source voltage is
negative ( -0.7 V); when the voltage on pins DVS1,2 reaches the threshold VDVS1,2_TH
DocID17811 Rev 4 13/19
SRK2000 Application information
19
(-0.2 V typ.), an internal current source IDVS1,2_On is activated; as this current exceeds
50 µA, the gate of the MOSFET is turned on. Therefore, the actual triggering threshold can
be determined by Equation 6.
Equation 6
For instance, with RD = 2 k, the triggering threshold is located at
- (2 k 50 µA) - 0.2 V = -0.3 V.
To avoid false triggering of the gate driver, a debounce delay TPD_On (= 250 ns) is used after
sourcing IDS1,2_On (i.e. the current sourced by the pin must exceed 50 µA for more than 250
ns before the gate driver is turned on). This delay is not critical for the converter’s efficiency
because the initial current is close to zero or anyway much lower than the peak value.
Once the SR MOSFET has been switched on, its drain-to-source voltage drops to a value
given by the flowing current times the MOSFET RDS(on). Again, since the initial current is
low, the voltage drop across the RDS(on) may exceed the turn-off threshold VDVS1,2_Off, and
determine an improper turn-off. To prevent this, the state machine enables the turn-off
comparator referenced to VDVS1,2_Off only in the second half of the conduction cycle, based
on the information of the duration of the previous cycle. In the first half of the conduction
cycle only an additional comparator, referenced to zero, is active to prevent the current of
the SR MOSFET from reversing, which would impair the operation of the LLC converter.
Once the threshold VDVS1,2_Off is crossed (in the second half of the conduction cycle) and
the GATE is turned off, the current again flows through the body diode causing the drain-to-
source voltage to have a negative jump, going again below VTH-ON. The interlock logic,
however, prevents a false turn-on. It is worth pointing out that, due to the fact that each
MOSFET is turned on after its body diode starts conducting, the ON transition happens with
the drain-source voltage equal to the body diode forward drop; therefore there is neither
a Miller effect nor switching losses at MOSFET turn-on. Also at turn-off the switching losses
are not present, in fact, the current is always flowing from source to drain and, when the
MOSFET is switched off, it goes on flowing through the body diode (or the external diode in
parallel to the MOSFET).
Unlike at turn-on, the turn-off speed is critical to avoid current reversal on the secondary
side, especially when the converter operates above the resonance frequency, where the
current flowing through the MOSFET exhibits a very steep edge while decreasing down to
zero: the turn-off propagation TPD_Off delay has a maximum value of 60 ns.
The interlock logic, in addition to checking for consistent secondary voltage waveforms (one
MOSFET can be turned on only if the other one has a positive drain-to-source voltage
> VDVS1,2_A) to prevent simultaneous conduction, allows only one switching per cycle: after
one gate driver has been turned off, it cannot be turned on again before the other gate drive
has had its own on/off cycle.
The IC logic also prevents unbalanced current in the two SR MOSFETs: if one SR MOSFET
fails to turn on in one cycle, the other SR MOSFET is also not turned on in the next cycle.
TH_2,1DVSOn2,1DVSDONTH VIRV
Application information SRK2000
14/19 DocID17811 Rev 4
Figure 8. Typical connection of the SRK2000 to the SR MOSFET
6.3 Gate driving
The IC is provided with two high current gate drive outputs (1 A source and 3.5 A sink), each
capable of driving one or more N-channel Power MOSFETs. Thanks to the programmable
gate drive UVLO, it is possible to drive both - the standard MOSFETs and logic level
MOSFETs.
The high-level voltage provided by the driver is clamped at VGDclamp (= 12 V) to avoid
excessive voltage levels on the gate in case the device is supplied with a high VCC.
The two gate drivers have a pull-down capability that ensures the SR MOSFETs cannot be
spuriously turned on even at low VCC: in fact, the drivers have a 1 V (typ.) UVLO saturation
level at VCC below the turn-on threshold.
6.4 Intelligent automatic sleep mode
A unique feature of this IC is its intelligent automatic sleep mode. The logic circuitry is able
to detect a light load condition for the converter and stop gate driving, also reducing the IC’s
quiescent consumption. This improves converter efficiency at light load, where the power
losses on the rectification body diodes (or external diodes in parallel to the MOSFETs) go
lower than the power losses in the MOSFETs and those related to their driving.
The IC is also able to detect an increase of the converter’s load and automatically restart
gate driving.
The algorithm used by the intelligent automatic sleep mode is based on a dual time
measurement system. The duration of a switching cycle of an SR MOSFET (that is one half
of the resonant converter switching period) is measured using a combination of the
negative-going edge of the drain-to-source voltage falling below VDVS1,2_PT and the
positive-going edge exceeding VDVS1,2_A; the duration of the SR MOSFET conduction is
measured from the moment its body diode starts conducting (drain-to-source voltage falling
below VTH-ON) to the moment the gate drive is turned off (in case the device is operating) or
the moment the body diode ceases to conduct (drain-to-source voltage going over VTH-ON).
While at full load the SR MOSFET conduction time occupies almost 100% of the switching
cycle, as the load is reduced, the conduction time is reduced and as it falls below 40%
(DOFF) of the SR MOSFET switching cycle the device enters sleep mode. To prevent
SRK2000
GD1
To Xfo rme r
DVS1
SR1
ISR1
RD
RG
SRK2000
GD1
To Xfo rme r
DVS1
SR1
ISR1
RD
RG
DocID17811 Rev 4 15/19
SRK2000 Application information
19
erroneous decisions, the sleep mode condition must be confirmed on at least one of the two
sections for 16 consecutive switching cycles of the resonant converter.
Once in sleep mode, SR MOSFET gate driving is re-enabled when the conduction time of
the body diode (or the external diodes in parallel to the MOSFET) exceeds 60% (DON) of the
switching cycles. Also in this case the decision is made considering the measurement on 8
consecutive switching cycles (i.e. 8 consecutive cycles for each SR MOSFET of the center-
tap). Furthermore, after each sleep mode entering/exiting transition, the timing is ignored for
a certain number of cycles, to let the resulting transient in the output current fade out. The
number of ignored resonant converter switching cycles is 128 after entering sleep mode and
256 after exiting sleep mode. If by the end of the ignored cycles the condition to enter or exit
the sleep mode is already met for the required number of cycles, the state will be changed
immediately; otherwise the controller (after the ignored cycles) will wait until that condition is
satisfied.
6.5 Protection against current reversal
The IC provides protection against SR MOSFET current reversal. If a current reversal
condition is detected for two consecutive switching cycles, the IC goes into sleep mode,
avoiding the turn-on of the SR MOSFETs until a safe condition is restored.
6.6 Layout guidelines
The IC is designed with two grounds, SGND and PGND.
SGND is used as the ground reference for all the internal high-precision analog blocks,
while PGND is the ground reference for all the noisy digital blocks, as well as the current
return for the gate drivers. In addition, it is also the ground for the ESD protection circuits.
SGND is protected by ESD events versus PGND through two anti-parallel diodes.
When laying out the PCB, make sure to keep the source terminals of both SR MOSFETs as
close as possible to one another and to route the trace that goes to PGND separately from
the load current return path. This trace should be as short as possible and be as close to the
physical source terminals as possible. A layout that is as geometrically symmetrical as
possible helps the circuit to operate in the most electrically symmetrical way as possible.
SGND should be directly connected to PGND using a path as short as possible (under the
device body).
Also drain voltage sensing should be performed as physically close to the drain terminals as
possible: any stray inductance crossed by the load current that is in the drain-to-source
voltage sensing circuit may significantly alter the current reading, leading to a premature
turn-off of the SR MOSFET. It is worth mentioning that, especially in higher power
applications or at higher operating frequencies, even the stray inductance of the internal
wire bonding can be detrimental. In this case, a cautious selection of the SR MOSFET
package is required.
The use of bypass capacitors between VCC and both SGND and PGND is recommended.
They should be low-ESR, low-ESL types and located as close to the IC pins as possible.
Sometimes a series resistor (in the tens) between the converter's output voltage and the
VCC pin, forming an RC filter along with the bypass capacitor, is useful in order to get
a cleaner VCC voltage.
Package information SRK2000
16/19 DocID17811 Rev 4
7 Package information
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK
specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com.
ECOPACK is an ST trademark.
DocID17811 Rev 4 17/19
SRK2000 Package information
19
7.1 SO-8 package information
Figure 9. SO-8 package outline
Table 6. SO-8 package mechanical data
Symbol
Dimensions (mm) Dimensions (inch)
Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.
A 1.35 - 1.75 0.053 - 0.069
A1 0.10 - 0.25 0.004 - 0.010
A2 1.10 - 1.65 0.043 - 0.065
B 0.33 - 0.51 0.013 - 0.020
C 0.19 - 0.25 0.007 - 0.010
D (1)
1. D dimensions do not include mold flash, protrusions or gate burrs. Mold flash, protrusions or gate burrs
should not exceed 0.15 mm (0.006 inch) in total (both sides).
4.80 - 5.00 0.189 - 0.197
E 3.80 - 4.00 0.15 - 0.157
e - 1.27 - - 0.050 -
H 5.80 - 6.20 0.228 - 0.244
h 0.25 - 0.50 0.010 - 0.020
L 0.40 - 1.27 0.016 - 0.050
k 0° (min.), 8° (max.)
ddd - - 0.10 - - 0.004
Revision history SRK2000
18/19 DocID17811 Rev 4
8 Revision history
Table 7. Document revision history
Date Revision Changes
10-Aug-2010 1Initial release.
08-Feb-2012 2
Minor text changes to improve readability in features, on cover
page, and Chapter 6.
Added Chapter 6.5: Protection against current reversal.
Document status promoted from preliminary data to datasheet.
01-Aug-2013 3
Updated Figure 1 and moved to Section 1: Internal block
diagram added Section 1).
Updated Figure 3 added L6699 device).
Minor corrections throughout document.
04-May-2017 4 Updated text in Section 6.4 on page 14.
Minor modifications throughout document.
DocID17811 Rev 4 19/19
SRK2000
19
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