NJW1173
-1-
AUDIO PROCESSOR
Q GENERAL DESCRIPTION Q PACKAGE OUTLINE
The NJW1173 is an audio processor which includes volume,
balance, tone control, surround, simulated stereo and AGC
function.
Also the NJW1173 features high precision characteristics about
channel balance, it is less than ±1.0dB at –70dB attenuation.
All of internal status and variables are controlled by I2C BUS.
It is suitable for any TV set.
Q FEATURES
O Operating Voltage 8 to 13V
O I2C BUS Interface
(Fast mode applicable, 3V I/F applicable)
O Low Output Noise
O AGC Circuit (Selectable 4-stage compression level via I2C BUS)
O "eala" (NJRC Surround)
O Simulated Surround
O Bi-CMOS Technology
O Package Outline SSOP20
Q BLOCK DIAG RA M
NJW1173V
Bias
VOL2
AGCOUTa
OUTb
CVO
CBA
CTH
CTL
GND
V+
Vref
SCL
SDA
VOL2VOL1
VOL1
INa
INbTONE
TONE
TONE
-HbTONE
-Lb
TONE
-HaTONE
-La
eala
&
Si mulate
Stereo
SRFIL
CSR
AGC
I2C Bus
Interface
NJW1173
- 2 -
Q PIN CONFIGURATION
Ach Input
Ach Output
Bch Input
Bch Output
Pop Noise Reduction for Surround
ON/OFF Control
Ach Treble Filte
r
AGC Filte
r
Pop Noise Reduction for Volume Control
Ach Bass Filte
r
SDA Serial Data Input (I
2
C BUS)
SCL Serial Clock Input (I
2
C BUS)
Surround Filter
Bch Treble Filter
Bch Bass Filter
Pop Noise Reduction for BASS Control
Pop Noise Reduction for Treble Control
Reference Voltage
Power Supply
Ground
Pop Noise Reduction for Balance Control
20
19
18
17
14
15
16
13
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1011
IN1a IN1b
TONE-Ha TONE-Hb
TONE-La TONE-Lb
OUTa OUTb
CVO
SR FIL
SDA
SCL
GND
CSR
AGC
12
CBA
CTL
CTH
Vref
V+
NJW1173
-3-
Q ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RA TING (Ta=25°C)
PARAMETER SYMBOL RATING UNIT
Supply Voltage V+ 15 V
Power Dissipation PD 350 mW
Operating Temperature Range Topr -20 to +75 °C
Storage Temperature Range Tstg -40 to +125 °C
Q ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Ta=25°C, V+=9V, Rg=600Ω, RL=47kΩ, Vin=100mVrms/1kHz,
AGC=OFF, TONE=0dB, Surround=OFF unless otherwise specified)
PARAMETER SYMBOL TEST CONDITION MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT
Operating Voltage V+ 8.0 9.0 13.0 V
Supply Current ICC No Signal - 13 25 mA
Reference Voltage VREF No Signal 4.0 4.5 5.0 V
Maximum Input Voltage VIM VOL=-20dB,THD=10% 2.8 3.0 - Vrms
Maximum Output Voltage VOM OUTPUT
VOL=0dB,THD=1% - 2.5 - Vrms
Channel Balance 1 GCB1 VOL=0dB -1.0 0.0 1.0 dB
Channel Balance 2 GCB2 VOL=-70dB, Vin=1Vrms -1.0 0.0 1.0 dB
Balance Boost A BABST CHS=”0”, BAL=”11111” -2.0 0.0 2.0 dB
Balance Cut A BACUT CHS=”1”, BAL=”11111”
Vin = 1Vrms - - -70 dB
Balance Boost B BBBST CHS=”1”, BAL=”11111” -2.0 0.0 2.0 dB
Balance Cut B BBCUT CHS=”0”, BAL=”11111”
Vin = 1Vrms - - -70 dB
Total Harmonic Distortion THD Vo=0.5Vrms
BW=400Hz to 30kHz - - 0.3 %
Maximum Gain GVMAX VOL= 0dB -2.0 0.0 2.0 dB
Minimum Gain GVMIN VOL= MUTE, Vin=2Vrms - -100 -90 dB
Channel Separation CS Vin = 1Vrms
A-weighting - -80 -70 dB
Output Noise 1 VNO1 VOL = 0dB
A-weighting
-
-
-90
(31.6)
-85
(56.2)
dBV
(µVrms)
Output Noise 2 VNO2 VOL = MUTE
A-weighting
-
-
-106
(5.0)
-96
(15.8)
dBV
(µVrms)
BW: Band Width
NJW1173
- 4 -
Q ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Ta=25°C, V+=9V, Rg=600Ω, RL=47kΩ, Vin=100mVrms/1kHz,
AGC=OFF, TONE=0dB, Surround=OFF unless otherwise specified)
♦ TONE CONTROL
PARAMETER SYMBOL TEST CONDITION MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT
High Frequency Boost HFBST BCT=”1”, TREB=”1111”, f=10kHz 12.5 15.0 17.5 dB
High Frequency Flat HFFLT TREB=”0000”, f=10kHz -2.0 0.0 2.0 dB
High Frequency Cut HFCUT BCT=”0”, TREB=”1111”, f=10kHz -17.5 -15.0 -12.5 dB
Low Frequency Boost LFBST BCB=”1”, BASS=”1111”, f=100Hz 12.5 15.0 17.5 dB
Low Frequency Flat LFFLT BASS=”0000”, f=100Hz -2.0 0.0 2.0 dB
Low Frequency Cut LFCUT BCB=”0”, BASS=”1111”, f=100Hz -17.5 -15.0 -12.5 dB
♦ AGC CONTROL (AGC-ON)
PARAMETER SYMBOL TEST CONDITION MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT
AGC Boost AGCBST Vin=50mVrms, f=1kHz 1.5 3.5 5.5 dB
AGC Flat1 AGCFLT1 Vin=100mVrms, f=1kHz -2.5 0.0 2.5 dB
AGC Flat2 AGCFLT2 Vin=200mVrms, f=1kHz -2.5 0.0 2.5 dB
AGC Flat3 AGCFLT3 Vin=300mVrms, f=1kHz -2.5 0.0 2.5 dB
AGC Flat4 AGCFLT4 Vin=400mVrms, f=1kHz -2.5 0.0 2.5 dB
♦ SURROUND (SURROUND-ON)
PARAMETER SYMBOL TEST CONDITION MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT
Surround Gain1 SRGAIN1 Ain→Aout, f=100Hz
SUR0=”1”, SUR=”1” 6.0 8.0 10.0 dB
Surround Gain2 SRGAIN2 Ain→Bout, f=100Hz
SUR0=”1”, SUR=”1” 1.6 3.6 5.6 dB
Surround Gain3 SRGAIN3 Ain→Aout, f=100Hz
SUR0=”0”, SUR=”1” 10.0 12.0 14.0 dB
Surround Gain4 SRGAIN 4 Ain→Bout, f=100Hz
SUR0=”0”, SUR=”1” 7.5 9.5 11.5 dB
Simulated Surround Gain1 SRSIM1 Ain+Bin→Aout, f=1kHz
SUR0=”1”, SUR=”0” 1.0 3.0 5.0 dB
Simulated Surround Gain2 SRSIM2 Ain+Bin→Bout, f=1kHz
SUR0=”1”, SUR=”0” 1.0 3.0 5.0 dB
NJW1173
-5-
TIMING ON THE I2C BUS (SDA,SCL)
CHARACTERISTICS OF I/O STAGES FOR I2C BUS (SDA,SCL)
I2C BUS Load Conditions
STANDARD MODE : Pull up resistance 4kΩ (Connected to +5V), Load capacitance 200pF (Connected to GND)
FAST MODE : Pull up resistance 4kΩ (Connected to +5V), Load capacitance 50pF (Connected to GND)
Standard mode Fast mode
PARAMETER SYMBOL MIN. TYP. MAX. MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT
Low Level Input Voltage VIL 0.0 - 1.5 0.0 - 1.5 V
High Level Input Voltage VIH 2.7 - 5.0 2.7 - 5.0 V
Low level output voltage (3mA at SDA pin) VOL 0 - 0.4 0 - 0.4 V
Input current each I/O pin with an input voltage
between 0.1VDD and 0.9VDDmax Ii -10 - 10 -10 - 10 µA
SDA
SCL
tf
tHD:STA
tLOW
tr
tHD:DAT tHIGH
tf
tSU:DAT
S
tSU:STA
tHD:STA tSP
tSU:STO
Sr
tr tBUF
PS
NJW1173
- 6 -
CHARACTERISTICS OF BUS LINES (SDA,SC L) FOR I2C-BUS DEVICES
Standard mode Fast mode
PARAMETER SYMBOL MIN. TYP. MAX. MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT
SCL clock frequency fSCL - - 100 - - 400 kHz
Hold time (repeated) START condition. tHD:STA 4.0 - - 0.6 - - µs
Low period of the SCL clock tLOW 4.7 - - 1.3 - - µs
High period of the SCL clock tHIGH 4.0 - - 0.6 - - µs
Set-up time for a repeated START condition tSU:STA 4.7 - - 0.6 - - µs
Data hold time NOTE) t
HD:DAT 0 - - 0 - - µs
Data set-up time tSU:DAT 250 - - 100 - - ns
Rise time of both SDA and SCL signals tr - - 1000 - - 300 ns
Fall time of both SDA and SCL signals tf - - 300 - - 300 ns
Set-up time for STOP condition tSU:STO 4.0 - - 0.6 - - µs
Bus free time between a STOP and START condition tBUF 4.7 - - 1.3 - - µs
Capacitive load for each bus line Cb - - 400 - - 400 pF
Noise margin at the Low level VnL 0.5 - - 0.5 - - V
Noise margin at the High level VnH 1 - - 1 - - V
Cb ; total capacitance of one bus line in pF.
NOTE). Data hold time : tHD:DAT
Please hold the Data Hold Time (tHD:DAT) to 300ns or more to avoid status of unstable at SCL falling edge.
The SDA block in the NJW1173 does not hold data. Add external data-delay-circuit of the SDA terminal, in case of not
providing a hold time of at least 300nsec for the SDA in the master device.
The time-consists of the data-delay-circuit of the SDA terminal are as follows.
(a) Low level Æ High level : TLH ≈ RP*CD
(b) High level Æ Low level : THL ≈ RD*CD
In addition, Schottky barrier diode (SBD) influences a Low level at the Acknowledge. Therefore choose the low forward
voltage (Vf) as much as possible.
MA STER
SCL
SDA
V
DD
R
P
R
P
R
D
SBD
C
D
NJW1173
NJW1173
-7-
TERMINAL DESCRIPTION
No. SYMBOL FUNCTION EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT VOLTAGE
1
20
INa
INb
Ach Input terminal
Bch Input terminal
V+/2
2
19
OUTa
OUTb
Ach Output terminal
Bch Output terminal
V+/2
3
18
TONE-Ha
TONE-Hb
Ach Treble Filter terminal
Bch Treble Filter terminal
V+/2
4
17
TONE-La
TONE-Lb
Ach Bass Filter terminal
Bch Bass Filter terminal
V+/2
5 AGC Capacitor connection terminal for
AGC attack and recovery time setting
1.4V
100k
REF
50
FB
32k
32k
12k
FB
12k
400
400
12k
NJW1173
- 8 -
TERMINAL DESC RIPTION
No. SYMBOL FUNCTION EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT VOLTAGE
6 CSR Pop Noise Reduction for
Surround ON/OFF Control
V+/2
7 CVO Pop Noise Reduction
for Volume Control
V+/2
8
9
SDA
SCL
SDA Serial Data Input (I2C BUS)
SDA Serial Clock Input (I2C BUS)
10 GND Ground terminal - -
11 V+ Power Supply terminal - -
12 Vref Reference Voltage
V+/2
32k
8k
4k
12k
200k
NJW1173
-9-
TERMINAL DESCRIPTION
No. SYMBOL FUNCTION EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT VOLTAGE
13
14
15
CTH
CTL
CBA
Pop Noise Reduction
for Treble Control
Pop Noise Reduction
for Bass Control
Pop Noise Reduction
for Balance Control
V+/2
16 SRFIL Surround filter terminal
V+/2
36k
4k
FB
12k
NJW1173
- 10 -
Q APPLICATION CIRCUIT
20
19
18
17
16
15
13
14
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
11
0.1µF0.1µF
100nF
22nF
INa
OUTa
INb
OUTb
TONE-Ha TONE-Hb
TONE-La TONE-Lb
1µF
1µF
CTH
CTLSDA
SCL
GND
Vref
V+
22µF
1µF
CBA
SR FIL
+
+
+
+
+
+
2.2nF
AGC
CVO
CSR
330nF
+1µF
+
+
2.2nF
100nF
1µF
1µF
3.9kΩ
3.9kΩ
(NOTE) Separate the I
2
C bus line from the following terminals for avoiding digital noise problem.
Pin No. Symbol Pin No. Symbol Pin No. Symbol
3 TONE-Ha 16 SR FIL 18 TONE-Hb
4 TONE-La 17 TONE-Lb - -
NJW1173
-11-
Q DEFINITION OF I2C REGISTER
O I2C BUS FORMAT
MSB LSB MSB LSB MSB LSB
S Slave Address A Select Address A Data A P
1bit 8bit 1bit 8bit 1bit 8bit 1bit 1bit
S: Starting Term
A: Acknowledge Bit
P: Ending Term
O SLAVE ADDRESS
MSB LSB
1 0 0 0 0 0 1 R/W
R/W=0: Write mode for register setting
R/W=1: Not available
O CONTROL REGISTER TABLE
The select address sets each function (Volume, Balance, AGC, Tone Control, Surround etc.).
The auto-increment function cycles the select address as follows.
00H→01H→02H→03H→00H
BIT
Select
Address D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
00H VOL
01H CHS BAL SUR
02H BCB BASS AGC-SW AGC-FLAT
03H BCT TREB Don’t Care
O CONTROL REGISTER DEFAULT VALUE
Control register default value is all “0”.
BIT
Select
Address D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
00H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
01H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
02H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
03H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
NJW1173
- 12 -
Q I2C CONTROL COMMAND DESCRIPTION
OMASTER VOLUME CONTROL
BIT
Select
Address D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
00H VOL
The volume controls both Ach and Bch by the 0.5dB step.
The volume is consisted of volume1 and volume2. The level is divided into half to each volume1 and
volume2.
OBALANCE, AGC AND INPUT SELECTOR SETTINGS
BIT
Select
Address D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
01H CHS BAL SUR
•CHS: Channel select for balance control
“0”: Ach “Bch is attenuated”
“1”: Bch “Ach is attenuated”
•BAL: Balance control for both Ach and Bch (1dB/Step)
The balance is consisted of volume2 alone. Volume1 does not operate on balance.
•SUR : Surround Setting
SUR
Surround Setting D1 D0 Remarks
Surround OFF 0 0 Input through
Simulated Stereo mode 0 1 For monaural signal input only
"eala" High mode 1 0 Surround Effect Small ( 8.0dB typ. )
"eala" Low mode 1 1 Surround Effect Large (12.0dB typ. )
OTONE CONTROL (Bass) and AGC SETTINGS
BIT
Select
Address D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
02H BCB BASS AGC-SW AGC-FLAT
•BCB : Bass Boost or Cut
“0” : Cut
“1” : Boost
•BASS : BASS Level
Cut Level : -15 to 0dB(1dB/Step)
Boost Level : 0 to +15dB(1dB/Step)
•AGC-SW : AGC ON/OFF Switch
“0” : AGC OFF
“1” : AGC ON (Default : 100mVrms)
•AGC-FLAT : AGC Flat Level
AGC-FLAT
AGC Flat Level D1 D0
100mVrms 0 0
200mVrms 0 1
300mVrms 1 0
400mVrms 1 1
NJW1173
-13-
OTONE CONTROL (Treble) SETTINGS
BIT
Select
Address D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
03H BCT TREB Don't Care
•BCT : Treble Boost or Cut
“0” : Cut
“1” : Boost
•TREB : Treble Level
Cut Level : -15 to 0dB(1dB/Step)
NJW1173
- 14 -
Q Master Volume (Select Address: 00 H)
VOL
Gain(dB) HEX D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
0 FF 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
-1 FD 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
-2 FB 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1
-3 F9 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1
-4 F7 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
-5 F5 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1
-6 F3 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
-7 F1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1
-8 EF 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1
-9 ED 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
-10 EB 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1
-11 E9 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1
-12 E7 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1
-13 E5 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1
-14 E3 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1
-15 E1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1
-16 DF 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1
-17 DD 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1
-18 DB 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1
-19 D9 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1
-20 D7 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
-21 D5 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
-22 D3 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1
-23 D1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
-24 CF 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
-25 CD 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1
-26 CB 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1
-27 C9 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
-28 C7 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
-29 C5 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
-30 C3 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1
-31 C1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
-32 BF 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
-33 BD 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1
-34 BB 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1
-35 B9 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1
-36 B7 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
-37 B5 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1
-38 B3 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
-39 B1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1
-40 AF 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1
-41 AD 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
-42 AB 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1
NJW1173
-15-
MASTER VOLUME (Cont'd)
VOL
Gain(dB) HEX D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
-43 A9 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1
-44 A7 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1
-45 A5 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1
-46 A3 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1
-47 A1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
-48 9F 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1
-49 9D 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1
-50 9B 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
-51 99 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1
-52 97 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1
-53 95 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1
-54 93 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1
-55 91 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
-56 8F 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
-57 8D 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1
-58 8B 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1
-59 89 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
-60 87 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
-61 85 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
-62 83 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
-63 81 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
-64 7F 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
-65 7D 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
-66 7B 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1
-67 79 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1
-68 77 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
-69 75 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1
-70 73 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
-71 71 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1
-72 6F 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1
-73 6D 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
-74 6B 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1
-75 69 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1
-76 67 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1
-77 65 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1
-78 63 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1
-79 61 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1
-80 5F 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
-90 4B 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
-100 37 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
Mute 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
NJW1173
- 16 -
Q Balance (Select Addres s: 01H)
CHS
Channel Setting D7
Attenuated Bch Gain 0
Attenuated Ach Gain 1
BAL
Gain(dB) D6 D5 D4 D3 D2
0 0 0 0 0 0
-1 0 0 0 0 1
-2 0 0 0 1 0
-3 0 0 0 1 1
-4 0 0 1 0 0
-5 0 0 1 0 1
-6 0 0 1 1 0
-7 0 0 1 1 1
-8 0 1 0 0 0
-9 0 1 0 0 1
-10 0 1 0 1 0
-11 0 1 0 1 1
-12 0 1 1 0 0
-13 0 1 1 0 1
-14 0 1 1 1 0
-15 0 1 1 1 1
-16 1 0 0 0 0
-17 1 0 0 0 1
-18 1 0 0 1 0
-19 1 0 0 1 1
-20 1 0 1 0 0
-21 1 0 1 0 1
-22 1 0 1 1 0
-23 1 0 1 1 1
-24 1 1 0 0 0
-25 1 1 0 0 1
-26 1 1 0 1 0
-27 1 1 0 1 1
-28 1 1 1 0 0
-29 1 1 1 0 1
-30 1 1 1 1 0
MUTE 1 1 1 1 1
NJW1173
-17-
Q Tone Control Bass (Select Addr ess : 02H)
BCB
Bass
Cut or Boost D7
Cut 0
Boost 1
BASS
Cut Gain(dB) Boost Gain(dB) D6 D5 D4 D3
-15 15 1 1 1 1
-14 14 1 1 1 0
-13 13 1 1 0 1
-12 12 1 1 0 0
-11 11 1 0 1 1
-10 10 1 0 1 0
-9 9 1 0 0 1
-8 8 1 0 0 0
-7 7 0 1 1 1
-6 6 0 1 1 0
-5 5 0 1 0 1
-4 4 0 1 0 0
-3 3 0 0 1 1
-2 2 0 0 1 0
-1 1 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0
Q Tone Control Treble (Select Address: 03H)
BCT
Treble
Cut or Boost D7
Cut 0
Boost 1
TREB
Cut Gain(dB) Boost Gain(dB) D6 D5 D4 D3
-15 15 1 1 1 1
-14 14 1 1 1 0
-13 13 1 1 0 1
-12 12 1 1 0 0
-11 11 1 0 1 1
-10 10 1 0 1 0
-9 9 1 0 0 1
-8 8 1 0 0 0
-7 7 0 1 1 1
-6 6 0 1 1 0
-5 5 0 1 0 1
-4 4 0 1 0 0
-3 3 0 0 1 1
-2 2 0 0 1 0
-1 1 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0
NJW1173
- 18 -
[CAUTION]
The specifications on this databook are only
given for information , without any guarantee
as regards either mistakes or omissions. The
application circuits in this databook are
described only to show representative usages
of the product and not intended for the
guarantee or permission of any right including
the industrial rights.
