LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999 Precision Reference General Description The LM199 series are precision, temperature-stabilized monolithic zeners offering temperature coefficients a factor of ten better than high quality reference zeners. Constructed on a single monolithic chip is a temperature stabilizer circuit and an active reference zener. The active circuitry reduces the dynamic impedance of the zener to about 0.5 and allows the zener to operate over 0.5 mA to 10 mA current range with essentially no change in voltage or temperature coefficient. Further, a new subsurface zener structure gives low noise and excellent long term stability compared to ordinary monolithic zeners. The package is supplied with a thermal shield to minimize heater power and improve temperature regulation. The LM199 series references are exceptionally easy to use and free of the problems that are often experienced with ordinary zeners. There is virtually no hysteresis in reference voltage with temperature cycling. Also, the LM199 is free of voltage shifts due to stress on the leads. Finally, since the unit is temperature stabilized, warm up time is fast. The LM199 can be used in almost any application in place of ordinary zeners with improved performance. Some ideal applications are analog to digital converters, calibration standards, precision voltage or current sources or precision power supplies. Further in many cases the LM199 can replace references in existing equipment with a minimum of wiring changes. The LM199 series devices are packaged in a standard hermetic TO-46 package inside a thermal shield. The LM199 is rated for operation from -55C to +125C while the LM299 is rated for operation from -25C to +85C and the LM399 is rated from 0C to +70C. The LM3999 is packaged in a standard TO-92 package and is rated from 0C to +70C Features Guaranteed 0.0001%/C temperature coefficient Low dynamic impedance -- 0.5 Initial tolerance on breakdown voltage -- 2% Sharp breakdown at 400 A Wide operating current -- 500 A to 10 mA Wide supply range for temperature stabilizer Guaranteed low noise Low power for stabilization -- 300 mW at 25C Long term stability -- 20 ppm Proven reliability, low-stress packaging in TO-46 integrated-circuit hermetic package, for low hysteresis after thermal cycling. 33 million hours MTBF at TA = +25C (TJ = +86C) n Certified long term stability available n MIL-STD-883 compliant n n n n n n n n n n Connection Diagrams Metal Can Package (TO-46) Plastic Package TO-92 00571710 00571714 Top View LM199/LM299/LM399 (See Table on fourth page) NS Package Number H04D (c) 2004 National Semiconductor Corporation DS005717 Bottom View LM3999 (See Table on fourth page) NS Package Number Z03A www.national.com LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999 Precision Reference May 1999 LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999 Functional Block Diagrams LM199/LM299/LM399 LM3999 00571715 00571711 www.national.com 2 Reference to Substrate Voltage V(RS) (Note 2) Specifications for Military/Aerospace products are not contained in this datasheet. Refer to the following Reliability Electrical Test Specifications documents: RETS199X for LM199, RETS199AX for LM199A. Operating Temperature Range -0.1V Temperature Stabilizer Voltage LM199 -55C to +125C LM299 -25C to +85C LM399/LM3999 LM199/LM299/LM399 40V LM3999 -55C to +150C Soldering Information 20 mA Forward Current LM199/LM299/LM399 -0C to +70C Storage Temperature Range 36V Reverse Breakdown Current 40V TO-92 package (10 sec.) +260C TO-46 package (10 sec.) +300C 1 mA LM3999 -0.1 mA Electrical Characteristics (Notes 3, 6) Parameter Conditions Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.5 mA IR 10 mA Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.5 mA IR 10 mA LM199H/LM299H LM399H Units Min Typ Max Min Typ Max 6.8 6.95 7.1 6.6 6.95 7.3 V 6 9 6 12 mV 0.5 1.5 Change with Current Reverse Dynamic Impedance IR = 1 mA Reverse Breakdown -55CTA+85C Temperature Coefficient +85CTA+125C LM199 -25CTA85C LM299 0CTA+70C LM399 0.5 1 0.00003 0.0001 %/C 0.0005 0.0015 %/C 0.00003 0.0001 %/C 20 RMS Noise 10 Hz f 10 kHz 7 Long Term Stability Stabilized, 22CTA28C, 20 0.00003 0.0002 7 50 20 %/C V ppm 1000 Hours, IR=1 mA 0.1% Temperature Stabilizer TA=25C, Still Air, VS=30V 8.5 14 Supply Current TA =- 55C 22 28 Temperature Stabilizer 9 8.5 40 9 15 mA 40 V Supply Voltage Warm-Up Time to 0.05% VS = 30V, TA = 25C Initial Turn-on Current 9VS40, TA=+25C, (Note 4) 3 3 140 200 sec. 140 200 mA Note 1: "Absolute Maximum Ratings" indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits. Electrical Characteristics (Note 3) Parameter Conditions Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.6 mA IR 10 mA Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.6 mA IR 10 mA LM3999Z Units Min Typ Max 6.6 6.95 7.3 V 6 20 mV Change with Current Reverse Dynamic Impedance IR = 1 mA Reverse Breakdown 0C TA 70C 0.6 2.2 0.0002 0.0005 %/C Temperature Coefficient RMS Noise 10 Hz f 10 kHz 7 V Long Term Stability Stabilized, 22C TA 28C, 20 ppm Temperature Stabilizer TA = 25C, Still Air, VS = 30V 1000 Hours, IR = 1 mA 0.1% Temperature Stabilizer 12 18 mA 36 V Supply Voltage 3 www.national.com LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999 Electrical Characteristics (Note 3) Parameter (Continued) Conditions LM3999Z Min Warm-Up Time to 0.05% VS = 30V, TA = 25C Initial Turn-On Current 9 VS 40, TA = 25C Typ Units Max 5 sec. 140 200 mA Electrical Characteristics (Notes 3, 6) Parameter Conditions Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.5 mA IR 10 mA Reverse Breakdown Voltage 0.5 mA IR 10 mA LM199AH, LM299AH LM399AH Units Min Typ Max Min Typ Max 6.8 6.95 7.1 6.6 6.95 7.3 V 6 9 6 12 mV 0.5 1 0.5 1.5 0.00002 0.00005 %/C 0.0005 0.0010 %/C 0.00002 0.00005 Change with Current Reverse Dynamic Impedance IR = 1 mA Reverse Breakdown -55CTA+85C Temperature Coefficient +85CTA+125C LM199A -25CTA85C LM299A 0CTA+70C LM399A RMS Noise 10 Hz f 10 kHz 7 Long Term Stability Stabilized, 22CTA28C, 20 Temperature Stabilizer TA=25C, Still Air, VS=30V Supply Current TA =- 55C %/C 20 0.00003 0.0001 7 50 %/C V 20 ppm 1000 Hours, IR=1 mA 0.1% 8.5 22 Temperature Stabilizer 9 14 8.5 15 mA 40 V 28 40 9 Supply Voltage Warm-Up Time to 0.05% VS = 30V, TA = 25C Initial Turn-on Current 9VS40, TA=+25C, (Note 4) 3 140 3 200 140 sec. 200 mA Note 2: The substrate is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the temperature stabilizer. The voltage that can be applied to either terminal of the reference is 40V more positive or 0.1V more negative than the substrate. Note 3: These specifications apply for 30V applied to the temperature stabilizer and -55CTA+125C for the LM199; -25CTA+85C for the LM299 and 0CTA+70C for the LM399 and LM3999. Note 4: This initial current can be reduced by adding an appropriate resistor and capacitor to the heater circuit. See the performance characteristic graphs to determine values. Note 5: Do not wash the LM199 with its polysulfone thermal shield in TCE. Note 6: A military RETS electrical test specification is available for the LM199H/883, LM199AH/883, and LM199AH-20/883 on request. Ordering Information Initial 0C to +70C -25C to +85C -55C to +125C Tolerance 2% 5% NS Package LM299AH LM399H LM199AH, LM199AH/883 LM299H H04D H04D LM399AH 5% LM3999Z Z03A NBS-traceable references such as LM199AH-20's, 1N827's, and saturated standard cells, so that the deviation of any one group will not cause false indications. Indeed, this comparison process has recently been automated using a specially prepared computer program which is custom-designed to reject noisy data (and require a repeat reading) and to record the average of the best 5 of 7 readings, just as a sagacious standards engineer will reject unbelievable readings. The typical characteristic for the LM199AH-20 is shown below. This computerized print-out form of each reference's stability is shipped with the unit. Certified Long Term Drift The National Semiconductor LM199AH-20, LM299AH-20, and LM399AH-50 are ultra-stable Zener references specially selected from the production runs of LM199AH, LM299AH, LM399AH and tested to confirm a long-term stability of 20, 20, or 50 ppm per 1000 hours, respectively. The devices are measured every 168 hours and the voltage of each device is logged and compared in such a way as to show the deviation from its initial value. Each measurement is taken with a probable-worst-case deviation of 2 ppm, compared to the Reference Voltage, which is derived from several groups of www.national.com 4 LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999 Typical Characteristics National Semiconductor Certified Long Term Drift Hrs Drift 168 -20 336 -24 504 -36 672 -34 840 -40 1008 -36 Testing Conditions Heater Voltage: 30V Zener Current: 1 mA Ambient Temp.: 25C 00571712 Typical Performance Characteristics Reverse Characteristics Reverse Voltage Change 00571720 00571719 5 www.national.com LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999 Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) Dynamic Impedance Zener Noise Voltage 00571721 00571722 Stabilization Time Heater Current 00571724 00571723 Initial Heater Current Heater Current (To Limit This Surge, See Next Graph) 00571725 www.national.com 00571726 6 LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999 Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) Heater Surge Limit Resistor vs Minimum Supply Voltage at Various Minimum Temperatures Low Frequency Noise Voltage 00571703 00571727 *Heater must be bypassed with a 2 F or larger tantalum capacitor if resistors are used. Response Time 00571707 Typical Applications Split Supply Operation Single Supply Operation 00571729 00571728 7 www.national.com LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999 Typical Applications (Continued) Buffered Reference With Single Sypply Negative Heater Supply with Positive Reference 00571731 00571730 Positive Current Source 00571732 Standard Cell Replacement 00571733 www.national.com 8 LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999 Typical Applications (Continued) Negative Current Source 00571734 14V Reference Square Wave Voltage Reference 00571735 Portable Calibrator* 00571737 Precision Clamp* 00571736 *Warm-up time 10 seconds; intermittent operation does not degrade long term stability. 00571738 *Clamp will sink 5 mA when input goes more positive than reference 9 www.national.com LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999 Typical Applications (Continued) 0V to 20V Power Reference 00571739 Bipolar Output Reference 00571740 Voltage Reference 00571709 www.national.com 10 LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999 Schematic Diagrams Temperature Stabilizer 00571701 Reference 00571713 11 www.national.com LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999 Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted Order Number LM299H, LM399H, LM199AH, LM199AH/883 LM299AH or LM399AH NS Package H04D Plastic Package Order Number LM3999Z NS Package Z03A www.national.com 12 LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999 Precision Reference Notes National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications. 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