April 2005 1 M9999-042205
MIC2145 Micrel, Inc.
MIC2145
High Efficiency 2.5W Boost Converter
General Description
The MIC2145 is a small size boost switching regulator that
can provide over 2.5W of output power. The input voltage
range is between 2.4V to 16V, making the device suitable for
one-cell Li-Ion and 3- to 4-cell alkaline/NiCad/NiMH applica-
tions. The output voltage of the MIC2145 can be adjusted up
to 16V.
The MIC2145 is well suited for portable, space-sensitive
applications. Its typical 450kHz operation allows small sur-
face mount external components to be used. The MIC2145
has a low quiescent current of 200µA, and a typical shutdown
current of 0.5µA. The MIC2145 is capable of high efficiencies
in a small board area.
The MIC2145 features a low-on resistance internal switch
that allows it to provide over 2.5W of output power. The peak
switch current can be programmed through an external
resistor. This allows the user to set the peak switch current at
the level where maximum efficiency occurs. It also allows the
user to further optimize for efficiency and inductor size by
setting the peak current below the level of inductor saturation.
The MIC2145 is available in an MSOP-8 and 3mm×3mm
MLF™-10L package with an ambient operating temperature
range from –40°C to +85°C.
Typical Application
L1
10µH
D1
MIC2145BMM
RSET
PGND
EN SW V
OUT
10V/150mA
VDD
FB
SGND
I Limit
V
IN
3.0V to 5.0V
SS
C
IN
10µF/6.3V
C
OUT
10µF/16V
15
6
7
8
4
3
2
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
10 100 1000
EFFICIENCY (%)
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
10V Output
Efficienc
y
VIN = 3.0V
Adjustable Output Boost Converter with Programmable Peak Switch Current
Features
•2.4V to 16V input voltage
•Output adjustable to 16V
•Programmable peak current limit
•Soft start
•Up to 450kHz switching frequency
•0.5µA shutdown current
•200µA quiescent current
•Capable of 5V/ 500mA output with 3.3V input
•Achieves over 85% efficiency
•Implements low power BOOST, SEPIC, and FLYBACK
topologies
•MSOP-8 and 3mm×3mm MLF™-10L
Applications
•Flash LED driver
•LCD bias supply
•White LED driver
•DSL bias supply
•Local 3V to 5V conversion
Micrel, Inc. • 2180 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel + 1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 • http://www.micrel.com
Ordering Information
Part Number Voltage Ambient
Standard Pb-Free Temp. Range Package
MIC2145BMM MIC2145YMM Adj –40°C to +85°C8-lead MSOP
MIC2145BML MIC2145YML Adj –40°C to +85°C10-lead MLF™
MLF and MicroLeadFrame are trademarks of Amkor Technologies, Inc.
MIC2145 Micrel, Inc.
M9999-042205 2April 2005
Pin Description
Pin Number Pin Number Pin Name Pin Function
MSOP MLF
11 EN Enable (Input): Logic high (≥1.5V) enables regulator. Logic low (≤0.7V)
shuts down regulator. Do not float.
22 SS Soft Start Capacitor (External Component): Connect external capacitor to
ground to control the rise time of the output voltage.
33 RSET Current Limit (External Component): Sets peak current limit of the internal
power MOSFET using an external resistor.
44, 5 PGND Power Ground (Return): Internal power MOSFET source.
56, 7 SW Switch Node (Input): Internal power MOSFET drain.
68 VDD Supply (Input): +2.4V to +16V for internal circuitry.
79 FB Feedback (Input): Output voltage sense node.
810SGND Small Signal Ground (Return): Ground
Pin Configuration
1EN
SS
RSET
PGND
8 SGND
FB
VDD
SW
7
6
5
2
3
4
8-Lead MSOP (MM)
EN
SS
RSET
PGND
SGND
FB
VDD
SW
1
2
3
4
10
9
8
7
56
PGND SW
3mm××
××
×3mm MLF-10L (ML)
April 2005 3 M9999-042205
MIC2145 Micrel, Inc.
Electrical Characteristics (Note 6)
VDD = 10V, VOUT = 10V, IOUT = 100mA; TJ =25°C, unless otherwise noted, bold values indicate –40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C.
Parameter Condition Min Typ Max Units
Supply Voltage 2.4 16 V
Shutdown Current EN = 0.3V, VDD = 10V, VFB=1.35V 0.5 5µA
Quiescent Current EN = VDD, VDD = 10V, VFB = 1.35V 200 300 µA
Feedback Voltage Reference (±2%) 1.058 1.08 1.102 V
(±3%) 1.048 1.112 V
Comparator Hysteresis 18 mV
Feedback Input Current VFB=1.35V 40 nA
Peak Current Limit RSET=200Ω, VDD = 3.6V, Note 4 0.8 A
RSET=1kΩ, VDD = 10V, Note 4 0.9 A
Current Limit Comparator 500 ns
Propagation Delay
Switch On-Resistance ISW = 150mA, VDD = 3.0V 500 750 mΩ
ISW = 1.2A, VDD = 10V 250 400 mΩ
Maximum Off Time 1000 ns
Enable Input Voltage Logic Low (turn-off) 1.1 0.7 V
Logic High (turn-on) 1.5 1.1 V
Enable Input Current VEN = 0V –1 0.01 1 µA
VEN = 2V –1 0.01 1 µA
Soft Start Current VEN = 2V, VDD=3.0V –8 –12 –16 µA
Note 1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device.
Note 2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating.
Note 3. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. Human body model, 1.5KΩ in series with 100pF.
Note 4. The current is measured in a DC mode. Actual peak switching current will be higher due to internal propagation delay of the circuit.
Note 5. VEN ≤ VDD.
Note 6. Specification for packaged product only.
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
Supply Voltage (VDD) .................................................... 18V
Switch Voltage (VSW) .................................................... 18V
Feedback Voltage (VFB) ................................................ 18V
Switch Current (ISW) ........................................................ 2A
Enable Voltage(VEN), Note 5 ........................................ 18V
RSET Voltage (VRSET).................................................... 6V
ESD Rating, Note 3 ...................................................... 2kV
Ambient Storage Temperature(TS).......... –65°C to +150°C
Operating Ratings (Note 2)
Supply Voltage (VDD)....................................... 2.4V to 16V
Switch Voltage (VSW) .................................................... 16V
Ambient Temperature (TA) ......................... –40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature (TJ) ....................... –40°C to +125°C
Package Thermal Resistance MSOP
θJA (MSOP-8) .................................................... 206°C/W
θJA (3mm×3mm MLF-10) .................................... 60°C/W
MIC2145 Micrel, Inc.
M9999-042205 4April 2005
Typical Characteristics
50
60
70
80
90
100
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
EFFICIENCY (%)
OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
Efficiency-Basic
Confi
g
uration
V
IN
= 3.3V
V
OUT
= 10V
L = 10µH
50
60
70
80
90
100
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
EFFICIENCY (%)
OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
Efficiency-Bootstrapped
Confi
g
uration
V
IN =
3.3V
V
OUT =
10V
L
=
10µH
9.2
9.4
9.6
9.8
10.0
10.2
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
V
OUT
(V)
OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
Load Re
g
ulation
V
IN
= 3.6V
L = 10µH
14.0
14.2
14.4
14.6
14.8
15.0
15.2
15.4
15.6
15.8
16.0
24681012 14 16
V
OUT
(V)
V
DD
(V)
Line Re
g
ulation
L = 10µH
I
OUT
= 10mA
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
024681012141618
SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE (Ω)
V
DD
(V)
Switch On-Resistance
vs. V
DD
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
02468101214 16 18
QUIESCENT CURRENT (Ω)
V
DD
(V)
Quiescent Current
vs. VDD
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.09
1.1
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
FEEDBACK VOLTAGE (V)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Feedback Voltage
vs. Temperature
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.10
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
FEEDBACK CURRENT (µA)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Feedback Current
vs. Tem
p
erature
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
OFF TIME (µs)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Off Time
vs. Temperature
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
SHUTDOWN CURRENT (µA)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Shutdown Current
vs. Tem
p
erature
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Quiescent Current
vs. Tem
p
erature
VIN = 3.6V
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE (Ω)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Switch On-Resistance
vs. Temperature
April 2005 5 M9999-042205
MIC2145 Micrel, Inc.
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
PEAK CURRENT LIMIT (A)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Peak Current Limit
vs. Temperature
V
IN
= 3.6V
V
OUT
= 10V
L = 10µH
R
SET
= 200
R
SET
= 500
R
SET
= 1k
R
SET
= 10k
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
SOFT START CURRENT (µA)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Soft Start Current
vs. Tem
p
erature
VIN = 3.6V
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
100 1000 10000 100000
PEAK CURRENT LIMIT (mA)
RSET(Ω)
Peak Current Limit
vs. RSET
15V
5.0V
4.2V
2.4V
3.0V
3.3V
3.6V
8.0V
10V
12V
VOUT/VIN > 1.25
L = 10µH
VIN =
MIC2145 Micrel, Inc.
M9999-042205 6April 2005
Functional Diagram
SGND
V
IN
VDD
R1 C
OUT
C
FF
C
IN
D1
10µH
L1
V
OUT
R2
PGND
FB
Current Limit
Comparator
Feedback
Comparator
POWER
MOSFET
One Shot
800nS
/S
EN
SW
RSET
SS
/R/Q
Thermal
Shutdown
On(/Off)
6
3
2
1
7
4
8
5
C
SS
V
REF
R
SET
Soft
Start
1R1
R2
+
V1.08
OUT
=
Figure 1. Block Diagram
April 2005 7 M9999-042205
MIC2145 Micrel, Inc.
Functional Description
See “Application Information” for component selection and
pre-designed circuits.
Overview
The MIC2145 is a 2.5W boost regulator with programmable
peak current limit and a constant off time. Quiescent current
for the MIC2145 is typically 200µA when the switch is in the
off state. Efficiencies above 80% throughout most operating
conditions can be realized.
Regulation
Regulation is achieved by both of the comparators, which
regulate the inductor current and the output voltage by gating
the power MOSFET. Initially, power is applied to the SW and
VDD pins. When the part is enabled, the power MOSFET
turns on and current flows. When the current exceeds the
peak current limit threshold, the current limit comparator fires
the one-shot to turn off the power MOSFET for 1000ns and
resets the SR flip-fop. The current limit comparator continues
to cycle the power MOSFET on and off until the output voltage
trips the upper threshold of the feedback comparator, which
terminates the cycle. The cycle will begin again when the
output voltage drops below the lower hysteresis threshold of
the feedback comparator. The feedback comparator has a
typical hysteresis of 18mV. Due to the gain of the feedback
resistor divider, the voltage at VOUT experiences a typical
167mV of hysteresis for 10V output at 2.4V VDD. This can be
reduced by adding a feed-forward capacitor, CFF (See
“Output Voltage” section).
Time 20µs
VOUT
AC Couple
(100mV/div)
VSW
(5V/div)
IINDUCTOR
(500mA/div)
Figure 2. Typical Regulator Waveforms
Output
The maximum output voltage is limited by the voltage capa-
bility of the output switch. Output voltages of up to 16V can be
achieved with the boost circuit. Higher output voltages re-
quire a flyback configuration.
Peak Current Limit
The peak current limit is externally set with a resistor. The
peak current range is from 420mA to 2A. There is a minimum
resistor value for RSET at lower VDD voltages. For resistor
value selections, see the “Typical Characteristics: Peak
Current Limit vs. RSET”.
Soft Start
The MIC2145 has a built in soft start that controls the rise time
of the output voltage and the peak current limit threshold
during start up.
Time 200µs
V
OUT
(5V/div)
V
EN
(2V/div)
V
SW
(5V/div)
I
INDUCTOR
(500mA/div)
V
IN
= 3V
V
OUT
= 10V
R
SET
= 10k
C
SS
= 0.01µF
Figure 3. Typical Soft Start Waveforms
Thermal Shutdown
Built-in thermal protection circuitry turns off the power MOSFET
when the junction temperature exceeds about 150°C.
MIC2145 Micrel, Inc.
M9999-042205 8 April 2005
Application Information
Pre-designed circuit information is at the end of this section.
Output Voltage
The output voltage of the regulator can be set between 2.4V
and 16V by connecting a resistor divider at the FB pin. The
resistor values are selected by the following equations:
RV
OUT
21.08 × R1
1 08
=−.
Time 20µs
V
OUT
AC
(100mV/div)
V
SW
(5V/div)
Figure 4. Without Feed-Forward Capacitor
Time 4µs
VOUT
AC
(100mV/div)
VSW
(5V/div)
Figure 5. With Feed-Forward Capacitor (100pF)
A value of 1MΩ is recommended for R1 to minimize the
quiescent current when the part is off. Then, R2 can be solved
using the above equation. A feed-forward capacitor, CFF,
ranging from 5pF to 100pF can be used in parallel with R1 to
reduce the peak-to-peak output voltage ripple, which is
shown in Figures 4 and 5.
April 2005 9 M9999-042205
MIC2145 Micrel, Inc.
Bootstrap
A bootstrapped configuration is recommended for applica-
tions that require high efficiency at heavy loads (>70mA).
This is achieved by connecting the VDD pin to VOUT (see
L1
10µH
Sumida
CR43-100
MIC2145
D1
On Semiconductor
MBR0530T1
RSET
EN
VDD SW
R4
1M
R3
274k
C3
100pF
VOUT
5V/250mA
PGND
FB
SGND
R1
100k
VIN
3.6V
SS
C2
0.01µF
C1
10µF/6.3V
Murata
GRM42-6 X5R 106K 6.3
R2
10k
C4
10µF/6.3V
Murata
GRM42-6 X5R 106K 6.3
Figure 6. Basic Configuration
L1
10µH
Sumida
CR43-100
MIC2145
D1
On Semiconductor
MBR0530T1
RSET
SGND
PGND SW
R4
1M
R1
100k
C3
100pF
V
OUT
5V/350mA
VDD
EN
FB
V
IN
3.6V
SS
C2
0.01µF
C1
10µF/6.3V
Murata
GRM42-6 X5R 106K 6.3
R2
10k
R3
274k
C4
10µF/6.3V
Murata
GRM42-6 X5R 106K 6.3
Figure 7. Bootstrap Configuration
Figure 7). For applications that require high efficiency at light
loads (<70mA), the VDD pin is connected to the input voltage
(VIN); this is referred to as the basic configuration (see Figure
6).
MIC2145 Micrel, Inc.
M9999-042205 10 April 2005
Inductor
The MIC2145 has a programmable peak current to allow the
usage of small surface mount inductors. A 10µH or 4.7µH
inductor is recommended for most portable applications such
as powering white LEDs and biasing LCD panels. The
inductor should have a saturation current rating higher than
the peak current during circuit operation. A low ESR (Equiva-
lent Series Resistance) inductor is also desirable for high
efficiency. Below are tables that list the maximum output
current at minimum input voltage with efficiencies greater
than 80%.
V
)nim(NI
V
)xam(NI
TESRI
)xam(TUO
V
TUO
)V()V()Ω()Am()V(
0.3
5.4
004
0525
5.90801
5.90621
5.90551
Table 3. Typical Application for 4.7µH Inductor in
Basic Configuration
V
)nim(NI
V
)xam(NI
TESRI
)xam(TUO
V
TUO
)V()V()Ω()Am()V(
0.3
5.4
002
0055
5.452201
5.405121
5.403151
Table 4. Typical Application for 4.7µH Inductor in
Bootstrap Configuration
V
)nim(NI
V
)xam(NI
TESRI
)xam(TUO
V
TUO
)V()V()Ω()Am()V(
4.2
5.4
k01
085
5.95201
5.110221
5.415151
0.3
5.4
k01
0515
5.90501
5.110421
5.410351
6.3
5.4
k01
0525
5.90701
5.110521
5.410451
0.5
5.9
k01
09101
5.1103121
5.410951
Table 1. Typical Application for 10µH Inductor in
Basic Configuration
V
)nim(NI
V
)xam(NI
TESRI
)xam(TUO
V
TUO
)V()V()Ω()Am()V(
4.2
5.4
k01
0615
5.900101
5.110921
5.410751
0.3
5.4
k01
0525
5.905101
5.1102121
5.4100151
6.3
5.4
k01
0535
5.907101
5.1105121
5.4102151
0.5
5.9
k01
00301
5.1105221
5.4100251
Table 2. Typical Application for 10µH Inductor in
Bootstrap Configuration
ΩΩ
Ω
Ω
April 2005 11 M9999-042205
MIC2145 Micrel, Inc.
Diode
A Schottky diode should be used for the output diode. Most
of the application circuits on this data sheet specify the
Motorola MBR0530 surface mount Schottky diode. It has a
forward current of 0.5A and a low forward voltage drop. For
applications that are cost driven, the 1N4148 or equivalent
can be used but the efficiency will suffer due to higher forward
voltage drop.
Output Capacitor
Low ESR capacitors should be used at the output of the
MIC2145 to minimize the switching output ripple voltage.
Selection of the capacitor value will depend upon the peak
inductor current, inductor size, and the load. MuRata offers
the GRM43-2 series with up to 10µF at 25V, with a X5R
temperature coefficient in a 1812 surface-mount package.
For lower output voltage applications, the GRM42-2 (1210
package/10µF/16V) and GRM42-6 (1206 package/10µF/
6.3V) series can be used. Typically, values ranging from
10µF to 47µF can be used for the output capacitor.
Reducing Peak Current
If lower than 400mA peak current is required then the soft
start pin may be shorted to ground. This changes the refer-
ence of the current limit comparator. With the soft start pin
shorted to ground, the maximum current will approximately
reduce to half. The peak current should always be set at least
50% higher than the maximum load current.
MIC2145 Micrel, Inc.
M9999-042205 12 April 2005
Pre-designed Application Circuits
L1
10µH
Sumida
CR32-100
MIC2145
D1
On Semiconductor
MBR0530T1
RSET
EN
PGND SW
R4
1M
R3
78.7k
C3
100pF
V
OUT
15.0V
LED1
R
LED2 LED3 LED4
VDD
FB
SGND
R1
100k
JP1
V
IN
3.0V-5.0V
SS
C2
0.01µF
C1
10µF/6.3V
Murata
GRM42-6 X5R 106K 6.3
R2
10k
C4
10µF/16V
Murata
GRM42-2 X5R 106K 16
V
NI
V
TUO
daoLegatloVelppiRycneiciffE
VV Am)kaep-kaep(Vm%
6.30.504001<58
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
110100 1000
EFFICIENCY (%)
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
5V Output
Efficienc
y
VIN = 3.6V
Figure 8. White LED Driver Application (Drives 1 to 10 LEDs in Parallel)
April 2005 13 M9999-042205
MIC2145 Micrel, Inc.
L1
10µH
Sumida
CR32-100
MIC2145
D1
On Semiconductor
MBR0530T1
RSET
EN
PGND SW
R4
1M
R3
121k
C3
100pF
V
OUT
10.0V
VDD
FB
SGND
R1
100k
JP1
V
IN
3.0V-5.0V
SS
C2
0.01µF
C1
10µF/6.3V
Murata
GRM42-6 X5R 106K 6.3
R2
10k
C4
10µF/16V
Murata
GRM42-2 X5R 106K 16
V
NI
V
TUO
daoLegatloVelppiRycneiciffE
VV Am)kaep-kaep(Vm%
0.30.01051002<38
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
10 100 1000
EFFICIENCY (%)
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
10V Output
Efficiency
V
IN
= 3.0V
Figure 9. LCD Application — Bootstrap Configuration
MIC2145 Micrel, Inc.
M9999-042205 14 April 2005
L1
10µH
Sumida
CR32-100
MIC2145
D1
On Semiconductor
MBR0530T1
RSET
EN
PGND SW
R4
1M
R3
78.7k
C3
100pF
VOUT
15.0V
LED1
R
LED2 LED3 LED4
VDD
FB
SGND
R1
100k
JP1
VIN
3.0V-5.0V
SS
C2
0.01µF
C1
10µF/6.3V
Murata
GRM42-6 X5R 106K 6.3
R2
10k
C4
10µF/16V
Murata
GRM42-2 X5R 106K 16
V
NI
V
TUO
daoLegatloVelppiRycneiciffE
VV Am)kaep-kaep(Vm%
6.30.5104001<58
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
110100
EFFICIENCY (%)
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
15V Output
Efficienc
y
V
IN
= 3.6V
Figure 10. Series White LED Driver Application
April 2005 15 M9999-042205
MIC2145 Micrel, Inc.
Package Information
0.008 (0.20)
0.004 (0.10)
0.039 (0.99)
0.035 (0.89)
0.021 (0.53)
0.012 (0.03) R
0.0256 (0.65) TYP
0.012 (0.30) R
5° MAX
0° MIN
0.122 (3.10)
0.112 (2.84)
0.120 (3.05)
0.116 (2.95)
0.012 (0.3)
0.007 (0.18)
0.005 (0.13)
0.043 (1.09)
0.038 (0.97)
0.036 (0.90)
0.032 (0.81)
DIMENSIONS:
INCH (MM)
0.199 (5.05)
0.187 (4.74)
8-Pin MSOP (MM)
0.20 dia
0.48 typ.
3.00 BSC.
1.50 BSC.
PIN 1 ID
0.85
3.00 BSC.
TOP BOTTOM
ODD TERMINAL SIDE EVEN TERMINAL SIDE
TERMINAL TIP
TERMINAL TIP
1.50 BSC.
1
2
3
1
2
3
–0.05
+0.15
0.01
0.50 BSC.
0.50 BSC.
0.50 BSC.
–0.01
+0.04
0.23
–0.05
+0.07
0.23
–0.05
+0.07
0.01
–0.01
+0.04
0.40
–0.05
+0.15
1.60
–0.15
+0.15
0.80
–0.15
+0.15
2.30
–0.15
+0.15
1.15
–0.15
+0.15
SEATING PLANE
10-Pin MLF (ML)
MICREL INC. 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA
TEL + 1 (408) 944-0800 FAX + 1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http://www.micrel.com
This information furnished by Micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use.
Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer.
Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can
reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into
the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser’s
use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is a Purchaser’s own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify
Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale.
© 2003 Micrel, Incorporated.