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Siemens AG
Bereich Automatisierungs- und Antriebstechnik
Geschäftsgebiet Industrie-Automatisierungssysteme
Postfach 48 48, D-90327 Nürnberg
C79000-G8900-C254-01
© Siemens AG 2011
Technical data subject to change.
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft 2
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Preface
Purpose of the document
This document supports you when linking user programs to the time-of-day
functions of the CP 5613 communications processor.
It applies to the SIMATIC communications processors CP 5613, CP 5614,
CP 5613 FO, CP 5614 FO, CP 5613 A2, CP 5614 A2, CP 5603, CP 5623 and
CP 5624, that are always called "CP 5613" on the following pages.
The purpose and mechanisms of the time-of-day functions are explained and
typical communications partners are listed. The programming of the time-of-day
functions is described based on two examples.
Aims
With the information in this manual, you will be able to integrate the program calls
described here into your programs.
We assume that you are thoroughly familiar with your programs and development
environment.
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Preface
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Contents
1 Introduction to the time-of-day functions of the CP 5613.......................................... 8
1.1 Operating a PC with a CP 5613 as a time-of-day receiver ................................. 9
1.2 Operating a PC with a CP 5613 as a time transmitter ...................................... 10
1.3 Operating a PC with a CP 5613 as standby master.......................................... 11
2 Programming interface for the time-of-day functions of the CP 5613.................... 12
2.1 Receiving the time-of-day.................................................................................. 13
2.1.1 2.1.1 Explanation of the bits in the scp_status component ............................... 15
2.2 Sending the time-of-day .................................................................................... 18
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Introduction to the time-of-day functions
of the CP 5613 1
With the time-of-day functions of the CP 5613, you can achieve the following:
You can operate a PC as a time-of-day receiver so that you have a uniform
time (absolute time) in a PROFIBUS network.
You can operate a PC as a time-of-day transmitter to supply other stations
within a PROFIBUS network with a uniform time-of-day (absolute time).
You can operate a PC as the standby master; in other words, as a standby
time-of-day transmitter that becomes active if the main time-of-day transmitter
fails.
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Introduction to the time-of-day functions of the CP 5613
1.1 Operating a PC with a CP 5613 as a time-of-day receiver
Communication partners
A PC with a CP 5613 can receive time-of-day frames from the following time
transmitters via PROFIBUS:
SIMATIC S7 AS 300 and SIMATIC S7 AS 400 which provide the time-of-day
transmitter functionality
PC with CP 5613 communications processor
Accuracy and synchronization mechanisms
As a time-of-day receiver the CP 5613 maintains an accuracy of ±20 ms between
PROFIBUS and the user program.
The CP 5613 checks the relative accuracy of the received time-of-day frames by
waiting until several frames have been received and then checking the deviations.
Synchronization only takes place when the deviations are within the permitted
range:
a frame was received every 60 s 1 s.
the fluctuation in the times contained in the frames is below 2 s.
Update time
The update time is the time that elapses between a time transmitter sending two
consecutive time-of-day frames. Multiples of the update time must result in 60 s to
allow the CP 5613 to be successfully synchronized. Valid update times could be,
for example 5 s, 10 s, or 60 s.
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Introduction to the time-of-day functions of the CP 5613
1.2 Operating a PC with a CP 5613 as a time transmitter
Communication partners
A PC with a CP 5613 as time-of-day transmitter can send time-of-day frames to the
following typical receivers:
SIMATIC S7 AS 300 and SIMATIC S7 AS 400 which provide the time-of-day
transmitter functionality
PC with CP 5613 communications processor
Origin of the precise time-of-day
The real time clocks in PCs are not suitable for providing the time to a highly
accurate time-of-day transmitter. Using the following services, a user program can
obtain a highly accurate time-of-day:
GPS (Global Positioning System) or
DCF77 (radio reception of the atomic clocks in Braunschweig, Germany for
central Europe)
Suitable PC peripheral devices are commercially available.
Synchronization mechanisms and increased accuracy
The transmission of the time-of-day by the CP 5613 is divided into two steps:
Transfer of the time-of-day from the user program to the CP 5613 without a
time-of-day frame being sent via the PROFIBUS network. The CP 5613
automatically continues to update the time-of-day.
Transmitting of frames with the maintained time-of-day to the PROFIBUS
network. This step is handled automatically by the CP 5613.
Update time
How often a time-of-day frame is transmitted on the network is controlled by the
user program. The CP 5613 sends a time-of-day frame at least every 60 s. If the
CP 5613 detects a deviation between its onboard maintained time-of-day and the
time transferred by the user program, it reduces the interval down to a minimum of
5 seconds.
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Introduction to the time-of-day functions of the CP 5613
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11
Addressing
The CP 5613 assigns the recipient broadcast address 7Fh to the time-of-day
frames it sends. This recipient address cannot be altered.
1.3 Operating a PC with a CP 5613 as standby master
Purpose of a standby master
A standby master is a substitute time-of-day transmitter that becomes active if the
primary master fails.
How a standby master functions
If several CP 5613 processors are operating as time master, only the CP 5613 with
the lowest bus address sends time-of-day frames. The other CP 5613 processors,
do not send any time-of-day frames even if their user programs request this.
Based on the status of the time transmitter, a user program can recognize whether
or not a time master with a lower bus address is sending time-of-day frames (refer
to section 2.1).
Programming interface for the time-of-day
functions of the CP 5613 2
This chapter explains how a program can make use of the time-of-day functions of
the CP 5613.
The explanation refers to a sample program, that demonstrates reception and
sending of the time-of-day.
You should leave all the parameters of the sample program unchanged unless a
change is described.
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Programming interface for the time-of-day functions of the CP 5613
2.1 Receiving the time-of-day
Overview of the sequence for receiving the time-of-day
Step Description
1 Open a communication channel to the driver of the CP 5613
(SCP_open call)
2 Complete a request block for receiving the time-of-day.
3 Send the request block to the driver of the CP 5613 (SCP_send call)
4 Adopt the supplied time-of-day, when necessary return to Step 2
5 Close the communication channel to the driver of the CP 5613
(SCP_close call)
This sequence is as an example programmed in the "timeread.c" file that you will
find in the same folder as this description.
You will also find the header file "Fdl_rb.h" in which the prototypes of the functions
and required data structures are declared.
Explanation of step 1: SCP_open call
With this call, you open a communications channel to the driver of the CP 5613.
The only function argument is a string with the name of the CP 5613 (access point
of the application, for example," CP5613(PROFIBUS)"). How the names of the
CP 5613 communications modules are assigned is described in the installation
instructions of your product.
A handle is returned that must be used for further SCP calls.
For information on dealing with errors, refer to the sample program.
Explanation of step 2: Completing a request block
Your user program should declare and complete the "time_rb" request block as
described in the sample program.
Explanation of step 3: Sending the request block to the driver of the CP 5613
With the SCP_send call, you send the request block to the driver of the CP 5613.
The arguments are the handle returned in the first step and the length and address
of the "time_rb" request block.
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Programming interface for the time-of-day functions of the CP 5613
For information on dealing with errors, refer to the sample program.
Explanation of step 4: Accepting the supplied time-of-day
After successful completion, the following information is available:
Time since the beginning of the day in milliseconds in the "time" component in
big endian format.
Date in days since 1.1.1984 in the "date" component in big endian format.
Status of the time-of-day recipient in the "scp_status" component in little
endian format (see below).
Status of the time-of-day transmitter in the "transmitter_status" component in
big endian format (time-of-day recipient) or in little endian format (time
transmitter).
Refer to the documentation of your time transmitter; if the CP 5613 is operating
as time transmitter, check the value of the "transmitter_status" parameter in the
transmission example. The "transmitter_status" value is only valid if time
signaling is synchronized, in other words, the SYNC bit is set in "scp_status".
To convert the time-of-day format to a structure that is more suitable for further
processing, you can use the SCI_conv_time() function as shown in the sample
program.
In the sample program, the time-of-day and date are then output in detail. You can
replace this section with your own program for further processing of the time.
Explanation of step 5: Closing the communications channel
With the SCP_close call, you close the communications channel to the driver of the
CP 5613. The only argument is the handle returned with the SCP_open call.
Closing the communications channel is not necessary each time the time-of-day
has been read and can be done when you close your user program.
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Programming interface for the time-of-day functions of the CP 5613
2.1.1 2.1.1 Explanation of the bits in the scp_status component
Definition of "scp_status"
The 16-bit word "scp_status" describes the time-of-day status on the CP 5613. It
can be read by the user program.
Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8
CP_5613
reserved
reserved
reserved
reserved
MASTER_
CONFLICT
Mode of operation
Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
reserved
reserved
SYNC
RESOLUTION
SYNC_ERR
NO_SYNC_
IMP
reserved
The values of the "reserved" bits are undefined; in other words, they can be 0 or 1.
The individual bits of "scp_status" are described below:
Bit 1 - NO_SYNC_IMP (no synchronization pulse)
The "NO_SYNC_IMP" signals waiting for the next time-of-day frame.
Following each received time-of-day frame, the bit is off for 10 seconds.
Value Description
0 Synchronization frame arrived
1 Wait for synchronization frame
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Programming interface for the time-of-day functions of the CP 5613
Bit 2 - SYNC_ERR (synchronization error)
The "SYNC_ERR" bit is set if a time-of-day frame contains a time outside the valid
range.
Value Description
0 Synchronization OK
1 Synchronization bad
Bits 3 and 4 - RESOLUTION (time resolution)
The RESOLUTION bits specify the intervals in which the time is updated.
On the CP 5613, the time is updated every 10 ms so that the value for the
resolution is constantly 01B.
Value Description
00B 1 ms
01B 10 ms
10B 100 ms
11B 1 s
Bit 5 - SYNC (time synchronized)
The SYNC bit specifies whether the time on the CP 5613 is currently synchronized
with the time of a time transmitter. This bit is set when the clock on the CP 5613
matches the time in the synchronization frames of the time transmitter within the
limits of accuracy; in other words, within the range of tolerance of 20 ms. If three
consecutive expected synchronization frames are lost or are not within the range of
tolerance, this bit is reset.
Value Description
0 Not synchronized
1 Synchronized
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Programming interface for the time-of-day functions of the CP 5613
Bit 8 to 9 - Mode of operation
The mode for keeping time on the module is coded in these bits:
Value Description
00B Time keeping off
01B Time slave
10B Time master
11B reserved
Bit 10 - MASTER_CONFLICT
This bit indicates whether or not a second time transmitter with a lower bus
address is sending time-of-day frames. In this case the CP 5613 suppresses the
sending of time-of-day frames.
Value Description
0 Only time transmitter on the bus.
1 Second time transmitter with a lower bus address is active, therefore
sending of time-of-day frames is not possible.
Bit 15 - CP_5613 (module identifier)
This bit indicates the module type. The CP 5613 returns the constant value 1.
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Programming interface for the time-of-day functions of the CP 5613
2.2 Sending the time-of-day
Overview of the sequence for sending the time-of-day
As explained in section 1.2, the time-of-day is sent automatically after it is
transferred to the CP 5613 (step 2 and 3 below).
Step Description
1 Open a communication channel to the driver of the CP 5613
(SCP_open call)
2 Complete a request block for the transfer of the time-of-day to the
CP 5613
3 Send the request block to the driver of the CP 5613 (SCP_send call),
following this if required return to step 2.
4 Close the communication channel to the driver of the CP 5613
(SCP_close call)
Your user program should execute steps 2 and 3 at least every 10 seconds; in
other words,transfer the precise time-of-day again to avoid losing the required
accuracy.
This sequence is programmed as an example in the "timesend.c" file that you will
find in the same folder as this description.
You will also find the header file "Fdl_rb.h" in which the prototypes of the functions
and required data structures are declared.
Explanation of step 1: SCP_open call
With this call, you open a communications channel to the driver of the CP 5613.
The only function argument is a string with the name of the CP 5613 (for
example,"CP5613(PROFIBUS)"). How the name of your CP 5613 is specified is
explained in the installation instructions for your product.
For information on dealing with errors, refer to the sample program.
Explanation of step 2:
Completing a request block for transferring the time-of-day
Your user program should declare and complete the request block "time_rb"
exactly as described in the sample program apart from the actual times. The set
"transmitter_status" component is application-specific and is not modified by the
CP 5613.
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Programming interface for the time-of-day functions of the CP 5613
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With the "scp_status" component, the user program controls whether or not the CP
5613 automatically sends time-of-day frames. Bit 11 activates (bit 11 = 1) or
terminates (bit 11 = 0) automatic sending. With bit 5, the user program controls
whether the "transmitter_status" component is included in the time-of-day frame
(bit 5 = 1) or not (bit 5 = 0). The last time the time is transferred prior to exiting the
user program, automatic sending must also be terminated. Refer to the example
program.
Please note that in contrast to reading the time-of-day, the "transmitter_status"
component must be written in little endian format.
Explanation of step 3: Transferring the request block to the driver of the CP 5613
With the SCP_send call, you send the request block to the driver of the CP 5613.
The arguments are the handle returned in the first step and the length and address
of the "time_rb" request block.
For information on dealing with errors, refer to the sample program.
Explanation of step 4: Closing the communications channel
With the SCP_close call, you close the communications channel to the driver of the
CP 5613. The only argument is the handle returned with the SCP_open call.
Closing the communications channel is not necessary each time the time-of-day
has been sent and can be done when you close your user program.
