81134A - Agilent / Hewlett-Packard

Agilent Technologies

81133A and 81134A

3.35 GHz Pulse Pattern Generators

Data Sheet

81133A and 81134A 3.35 GHz

Pulse Pattern Generators

The need for pulse and pattern

generation is fundamental to

digital device characterization

tasks. The ability to simulate

the pulse and pattern condi-

tions that the device will

encounter in its final applica-

tion, is essential. These device

tests should include both typi-

cal and worst case conditions.

Accurate measurements and

tests require leading-edge sig-

nal integrity and timing

performance along with full

control over all signal parame-

ters in order to enable worst

case tests.

Setting Standards

The Agilent 81133A and

81134A 3.35 GHz Pulse

Pattern Generators provide

programmable pulse periods

from 15 MHz (66.6 ns) to 3.35

GHz (298.5 ps) on all chan-

nels. With frequency ranges

this wide, the transition time

performance becomes critical;

the Agilent 81133A and

81134A perform at less than

60 ps transition. With a RMS

jitter of 1.5 ps (typ), the best

signal quality is assured. The

Delay Control Input and the

Variable Crossover Point func-

tionalities allow fast and easy

Signal Integrity measurements,

including generation of real

world-like signals by adding

jitter to clock or data signals

or by distorting the signal for

eye diagram measurements.

Key features

· Pulse, data, pattern and

PRBS generation from

15 MHz up to 3.35 GHz

· Data formats NRZ, RZ and

· 12 MBit pattern memory per

channel

· Low jitter, high accuracy

· Fast transition times

· PRBS generation from 25-1

to 231 -1

· Delay control input for

pre-defined jitter injection

· Jitter emulation up to ± 250 ps

· Easy-to-use graphical user

interface

· 50 mVpp to 2 Vpp output

amplitude

· Differential outputs

· 1 or 2 channels

Figure 1: 81134A

Connectors

81133A - Front Panel Connectors

All signal outputs and inputs

are accessible at the front

panel. These are:

· 2 Output Connectors

for the differential channel

· Trigger Output

· Clock Input

· Start Input

· 1 Delay Control Input

81134A - Front Panel Connectors

All signal outputs and inputs

are accessible at the front

panel. These are:

· 4 Output Connectors

for the 2 differential channels

· Trigger Output

· Clock Input

· Start Input

· 2 Delay Control Inputs for

both of the output channels

Rear Panel Connectors

Remote control interfaces:

GPIB, LAN, USB 2.0 (see also

‘Additional Features’)

Clock Source

Selecting the clock source

determines the origin of the

time base. All other timing

parameters are derived from it.

There are two choices:

Internal

The Clock is derived from the

internal YIG oscillator.

External

The Clock is derived from the

external input. The external

frequency is measured once

and is thereafter used to

maintain the calculated fre-

quency dependant values

including the pulse width or

phase if set to duty cycle

mode or phase mode respec-

tively .

External 10 MHz Reference

A 10 MHz reference clock can

be applied to the clock input.

This clock is used as a refer-

ence for all timing parameters.

Direct Mode (Direct

Internal/Direct External)

The direct modes allow

changes of frequency without

dropouts in the range of 1:2.

This can be used for

applications, where dropouts

would prevent measurement

with reliable results (e.g.: PLL

frequency sweep, micro proces-

sor clock sweep). In both

direct modes, the delay and

deskew of all channels is set

to zero (deskewed at the con-

nectors) and can't be changed.

Square mode, data mode (NRZ

only) and PRBS mode (NRZ

only) are available. In ‘Direct

External’ mode the PLL is

bypassed and the instrument

exactly follows the externally

attached frequency.

Frequency/Period

The main frequency is set for

all channels. The frequency

can also be set as period

length. The frequency range is

15 MHz to 3.35 GHz, equal to

66.6 ns to 298.5 ps period. The

frequency range can also be

further divided individually for

each channel. Available

dividers are 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32,

64, 128.

Main Modes

Pulse Pattern Mode

In Pulse Pattern mode, each

channel can be set indepen-

dently to one of the channel

modes described in 'Channel

Modes'.

Burst Mode

Burst mode enables the output

of a burst consisting of data

repeated n times followed by

continuous zero data. It can be

started either by:

· applying a signal at the start

input.

· the start button.

· sending a command through

the remote connections.

Repetitive Burst Mode

This command selects a

repeated burst consisting of

data repeated n times followed

by a pause of p times zeros of

the same length as the data

before the data is repeated.

Channel Modes

The following channel modes

are available, if the instrument

main mode is set to pulse/pat-

tern:

Note: The frequency of each

channel can be optionally

divided by 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32,

64, 128.

Square

Generates a square wave

(clock) of fixed width (50%

duty cycle)

Pulse

Generates pulses with selec-

table width or duty cycle.

Data

Generates data in either RZ,

R1 or NRZ format. In RZ and

R1 mode, the pulse width can

be selected as either width or

duty cycle.

PRBS

Generates a selectable PRBS

(Pseudo Random Bit Sequence)

polynomial of either RZ, R1 or

NRZ format. In RZ and R1

mode, the pulse width can be

selected as either width or

duty cycle.

Timing

Delay

The delay can be set as:

· an absolute value in nano

seconds or pico seconds. The

delay remains unchanged as

the frequency or the period

is modified.

· a phase (degrees relative to

period). The phase remains

unchanged as the frequency

or the period is modified.

Deskew

The deskew adjustment allows

for the compensation of e.g.

cable delays. Deskew adjust-

ment is not available in Direct

Mode. In this case, all chan-

nels are factory deskewed at

the front panel connectors.

Width

The pulse width can be set as:

· an absolute value in nano

seconds or pico seconds. In

absolute mode, the pulse

width stays constant when

the frequency or period is

changed.

· a duty cycle (percentage of

period). In duty cycle mode,

the duty cycle stays constant

when the frequency or period

is changed.

NOTE: Width adjustment is not

available if data mode is set to

NRZ.

Pulse Format

Return to zero pulse format.

On 0 bit patterns, the signal

remains at the low level. On 1

bit patterns, the signal switch-

es to the high level and back

to the low level after the time

specified by the pulse width or

the duty cycle parameter.

Return to one pulse format.

On 1 bit patterns, the signal

remains at the high level. On 0

bit patterns, the signal switch-

es to the low level and back

to the high level after the time

specified by the pulse width or

the duty cycle parameter.

NRZ

Non-return to zero pulse for-

mat. The signal remains at the

low level or high level accord-

ing to the bit level of the pat-

tern for the entire period.

NOTE: The pulse format selec-

tion is only available when

operating the instrument in

the data/pattern modes.

Pattern

Two types of patterns are

available:

Data

Arbitrary data up to the maxi-

mum available memory per

channel can be set up as pat-

tern data.

PRBS

Pre-defined PRBS of 25-1 to

231-1 can be set up as pattern

data.

Data Polarity

In pattern mode the polarity

of the data can be set to

either normal or inverted.

When set to inverted, a logical

'1' will become a logical '0' at

the output and vice versa.

Levels

Pre-defined Levels

Pre-defined levels allow the

convenient setup of the chan-

nels for commonly used logic

families. These are: ECL,

ECLGND, LVT, LVPCL and

LVDS.

Custom Levels

Levels can be set to custom

values in either of two ways:

· low level and high level

· amplitude and offset

Level Protection

Output levels can be limited to

a user defined range to protect

the device under test. Level

protection can be switched on

and off.

Level Polarity

Level polarity can be set to

either normal or inverted. Set

to inverted, the low level and

the high level values are inter-

changed.

Outputs Enabled/Disabled

Outputs can be switched on

and off independently for each

channel and for each

normal/complement connector.

Store/Recall

Allows permanent storage of

instrument settings, including

all signal parameters and data

settings. Data patterns up to

8 kBit length are also stored.

The instrument provides mem-

ory for 9 different settings.

In addition, the 81133A and

81134A stores the current set-

tings at shutdown and restores

them on the next power-on.

For data patterns with more

than 8 kBit length, it is rec-

ommended to use the PC-

based Pattern Management

Tool.

Auxiliary Channels

Note: The built-in input and

output terminations eliminate

the need for external bias net-

works and prevent a degrading

of the input/output sensitivity

Outputs

Trigger Output

The trigger output can be

enabled or disabled. The levels

of the trigger output can be

set as high level or low level

pair. The trigger output can be

set to one of the following

modes:

· Trigger on clock

The frequency of the trigger

output is identical to the

system frequency. It can be

further divided by n (n= 1, 2,

3, 4, 5, 6, 7…231-1).

· Trigger on data

A single trigger pulse occurs

on the start of the repetitive

data pattern.

Inputs

Clock Input

The clock input can be ‘AC’ or

‘DC’ terminated. The ‘DC’ ter-

mination voltage can be set.

See also ‘Clock Source - exter-

nal’.

Start Input

The start input can be used to

start the instrument. After

being armed, the instrument

waits for the selected edge of

the applied signal.

Parameters:

· Threshold (voltage)

· Edge (rising/falling)

· Termination voltage

Jitter Injection

With the Delay Control Input a

delay to the instrument's out-

put signals can easily be

added. As the added delay is

only dependent on the

attached voltage, any form of

delay - including jitter - can

be emulated. Up to a frequen-

cy of 200 MHz, the delay

added to the output by the

voltage attached at the Delay

Control input is a linear func-

tion.

The maximum delay depends

on the sensitivity selected and

is either +/- 25ps or +/- 250

ps.

Variable Crossover

For each channel, the

crossover of the NRZ signal in

PRBS or data mode can be

adjusted. This is used to artifi-

cially close the eye pattern by

simulating signal distortion.

Figure 1 shows the normal

and complement output with

cross over point set to 50%

and 70% respectively.

NOTE: Variable Crossover

feature is available in NRZ

mode only.

Human Interface

The graphical user interface

enables the user to operate the

instrument as simply as possi-

ble. All parameters are dis-

played on a color coordinated

display. The instrument setup

is intuitive. All important

parameters can be easily

accessed and modified with

numeric keys, cursor keys or

Figure 2: Variable Crossover

the twist and push button. A

content sensitive online help

enables users to set up their

test configurations quickly and

easily.

PC-based Pattern

Management Tool

With the new PC-based

Pattern Management Tool, it is

very easy to manage and edit

patterns to be generated with

the 81133A and 81134A. The

Pattern Management Tool

includes a Pattern Editor that

can quickly define and modify

any pattern up to 12 MBit

length. In addition, the Pattern

Management Tool is able to

save an unlimited amount of

different patterns on a com-

puter and easily upload and

download them to or from the

instruments, via one of the

remote interfaces, including

GPIB, LAN and USB 2.0

The Pattern Management Tool

is especially recommended

when working with patterns

longer than 8 kBit, as the

81133A and 81134A can only

save patterns up to this

length, as well as the front

panel only provides access to

patterns up to 8 kBit.

Normal Out

Compl. Out

50%

70%

30%

Specifications

Specifications describe the instrument’s warranted performance. Non-warranted values are

described as typical. All specifications apply after a 30 min warm-up with 50 Ohm source/load

resistance. All specifications are valid from 0 °C to 55 °C ambient temperature if not stated

otherwise.

Table 1: Internal Clock Generation

Period Range 298.5 ps - 66.6 ns

Period Resolution 6 digits, 0.001 ps best case

Frequency Range 15 MHz - 3.35 GHz

Frequency Resolution 1 Hz

Accuracy 50 ppm

Table 2: Jitter

Random Jitter (Clock Mode) <4 ps RMS (1.5ps typical)

Total Jitter (Data Mode) <5 ps RMS (2ps typical)

(<30 ps pp (12ps typical))

Table 3: Channel Output Timing

Number Of Channels 1, (81133A), 2 (81134A)

Transition Times (10 % To 90 %) < 90 ps

Transition Times (20 % To 80 %) < 60 ps

Delay Variation -5 ns to 230 ns

Delay Resolution 1 ps

Delay Accuracy ± 20 ps

Phase -6000° to +279000°

Phase Resolution 0.01°, or 1 ps

Skew Between Differential Outputs < 20 ps nominal

Maximum Skew Range ± 10 ns,

Width Range 100 ps to (period - 100 ps)

Width Resolution 1 ps

Width Accuracy ± 40 ps

Duty Cycle Range 0.15% - 99.85%

Duty Cycle Resolution 0.002 %, or 1 ps

Divide By 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128

Note: Timing specifications are valid after auto calibration with a maximum temperature

variation of ±10 °C.

Table 4: Transition Times

Mode Description Typical TransitionTimes

Fast Provides faster rise and fall times 60 ps to 70 ps

Normal Standard setting with guaranteed 70 ps to 80 ps

specifications

Smooth Provides slower rise and fall times 80 ps to 120 ps

and smoother edges

Table 5: Channel Output Levels

Amplitude 50 mV to 2.00 V

Level Window -2.00 V to +3.00 V

Level Resolution 10 mV

Level Accuracy 2 % of setting ±20 mV

Amplitude Accuracy 2 % ± 20 mV

Settling Time 1 ns

Overshoot, Ringing <10 % ± 10 mV differential outputs

Impedance 50 Ohm nominal

Variable Crossover 30% to 70% typical

Maximum External Termination Voltage -2.00 V to +3.00 V

Short Circuit Current 80 mA <= Isc <= 120 mA nominal

Limit High and low levels into 50 Ohm can be limited.

Normal/Complement Selectable

Disable Yes (relay)

Transition Times

The transition times can be

modified by the ‘Pulse

Performance’ selector.

Table 6: Trigger Output

Amplitude 50 mV to 2.00 V

Level Window -2.00 V . . +3.00 V

Resolution 10 mV

Format Fixed Duty Cycle, 50% nominal

Maximum External Voltage - 2.00 V . . +3.00 V

Transition Times < 100 ps (< 60 ps typical)

(20% to 80% of amplitude)

Minimum Output Frequency 15 MHz / Divider Factor

Mode Clock Clock divided 231-1 or trigger on bit 0 of data

by 1,2,3, . .

Disable Yes (relay)

Table 7: Clock Input

Interface ac-coupled with optional dc termination

Impedance 50 Ohm

Termination Voltage -2.0 V . . +3.0 V

Minimum Swing 300 mV, tr < 3 ns, 50% duty

cycle, sine: 0 dBm

Maximum Amplitude 3 Vpp , ± 5 Vdc

Frequency Measurement Yes

Period Range 299 ps . . 66.6 ns

Period Resolution 6 digits, 0.001 ps best case

Frequency Range 15 MHz . . 3.35 GHz

Measurement Resolution 100 kHz

Measurement Accuracy 50 ppm

Table 8: Start Input

Modes Start 1

Interface dc-coupled

Impedance 50 Ohm nominal

Termination Voltage 2.0 V . . 3.0 V

Transitions < 1 ns

Threshold - 1.8 V to +4 V

Max. Level Window - 2 V to +5 V

1No fixed latency between assertion of start

signal and start of output signal

Table 9: Propagation Delay

Clock Input to trigger output 8.4 ns nominal, fixed

Trigger Output to channel output 32 ns nominal variable

Table 10: Data Generation

Memory Depth 12 MBit per channel, 8 kBit accessible

from front panel

Data Format RZ / NRZ / R1

Granularity of Data Pattern Length 32 Bit up to 8 kBit

128 Bit from 8 kBit to 12 MBit

Pulse Pattern and Data

Functionality

The 81133A and 81134A can

generate a 12 MBit digital pat-

tern in NRZ, RZ and R1 mode.

Pattern with up to 8 kBit can

be edited directly from the

front panel. Patterns with

more than 8 kBit can only be

programmed via the remote

interfaces. The PC-based

Pattern Management tool

includes a Pattern Editor

which allows easy program-

ming of any pattern, as well

as convenient management of

many patterns on any

Windows®-based computer. The

patterns can be uploaded using

any of the available remote

interfaces. Furthermore, the

81133A and 81134A can pro-

vide a hardware generated

pseudo random binary

sequence (PRBS) from 25- 1

to 231 - 1.

Jitter Emulation (Delay Control

Input)

Full control over the signal

quality of pulse and data sig-

nals provides the Delay

Control Input. With an exter-

nal modulation source (e.g.

Agilent 33250A) the amount

and shape of signal jitter can

be varied for stress tests or to

emulate real world signals.

The external source for jitter

modulation is applied to this

input. Jitter modulation can be

turned on and off individually

for each channel. Either one of

two fixed sensitivities can be

selected ± 25ps or ± 250ps

resulting in a total of 50ps or

500ps.

The amplitude of the modulat-

ed jitter is set by the voltage

level of the signal applied to

the Delay Control Input.

The Variable Crossover Point

feature provides additional

control over the signal quality.

Figure 3: Modulated Delay (Jitter) vs Voltage Level at Delay-Control-Input for ±250ps

and ±25ps settings

Table 11: PRBS Generation Capabilities

PRBS 2n-1 , n = 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 23, 31

PRBS Polynomial Comment

25-1 X5+ X4+ X2+ X1+ 1

26-1 X6+ X5+ X3 + X2+ 1 ITU-T V.29

27-1 X7+ X6+ 1

28-1 X8+ X7+ X3+ X2+ 1

29-1 X9+ X5+ 1 CCITT 0.153 / ITU-T V.52

210-1 X10 + X7+ 1 CCITT 0.152 / ITU-T 0.152

211-1 X11 + X9+ 1

212-1 X12 + X9+ X8+ X5+ 1

213-1 X13 + X12 + X10 + X9+ 1

214-1 X14 + X13 + X10 + X9+ 1

215-1 X15 + X14 + 1 CCITT 0.151 / ITU-T 0.151

223-1 X23 + X18 + 1 CCITT 0.151 / ITU-T 0.151

231-1 X31 + X28 + 1

Table 12: Delay Control Input

Interface dc-coupled

Impedance 50 Ohm nominal

Input Levels For Full Modulation Range ±500 mV

Max Input Levels ±2.5 V

Delay Modulation Range ±250 ps, ±25 ps, selectable

Modulation Frequency 0 Hz - 200 MHz

Table 14: General Information

Operating Temperature 0°C to +55°C

Storage Temperature -40°C to +70°C

Humidity 95% R.H. (0°C to +40°C)

Warm Up 30 Minutes

EMC Class A

Power 100V to 240V AC nom.; 200 VA max.; 47 Hz to 63 Hz

Net Weight 14.8 kg (32.6 lbs)

Shipping Weight 19 kg (41.9 lbs)

Dimensions 145 mm x 426 mm x 553 mm

(5.7 in x 16.75 in x 21.75 in)

Recalibration Period 3 years recommended

Table 13: Additional Features

Remote Interfaces SCPI over GPIB, LAN and USB 2.0

Store/Recall Registers 9 complete settings can be saved. The last

settings (Non Volatile Memory) are saved when

power is turned off.

Figure 4: Jitter Emulation Test Setup

Ordering Information

Agilent 81133A 3.35 GHz 1-channel Pulse Pattern Generator

Agilent 81134A 3.35 GHz 2-channel Pulse Pattern Generator

Options

Agilent 8113xA-UK6 Commercial Calibration Certificate with Test Data

Agilent 8113xA-1CP Rackmount and Handle Kit

Agilent 1494-0059 Rack Slide Kit

Agilent N4871A Cable Kit: SMA matched pair, tt=50 ps (Recommended for high performance and

differential applications)

Accessories

Agilent 15435A Transition Time Converter 150 ps

Agilent 15432B Transition Time Converter 250 ps

Agilent 15433B Transition Time Converter 500 ps

Agilent 15434B Transition Time Converter 1000 ps

Agilent 15438A Transition Time Converter 2000 ps

Complementary Products

The 6 GHz Infiniium 54855A real

time oscilloscope combined with

the InfiniiMax 1134A 7 GHz dif-

ferential and single-ended active

probes deliver the highest perfor-

mance end-to-end measurement

system available. With the

20 GSa/s sample rate on each

channel, and its E2681A EZJIT

Jitter Analysis Software, the

54855A is ideal for making signal

integrity and jitter measurements

for PCI Express, Serial ATA,

Gigabit Ethernet, Fibre Channel

and other high speed serial bus

standards.

The 86100C Digital

Communications Analyzer with

Jitter Analysis is a sampling oscil-

loscope with up to 80 GHz

Bandwidth. With its unique one-

button Jitter Separation and

Analysis, the 81600C is ideal for

fast and precise signal integrity

measurements.

Figure 5: Agilent 54855A 6 GHz Infiniium Oscilloscope

Figure 6: Agilent 86100C DCA-J

Related Agilent Literature Pub No.

·Agilent Family of Pulse/Pattern 5980-0489E

Generators, Brochure

· Agilent 81100 Family Pulse/Pattern, 5980-1215E

Product Overview

· Agilent 3.3GHz Pulse-/Pattern 5988-5935EN

Generators, Photocard

· Generating/Measuring Jitter with the 5988-9411EN

Agilent 81134A Pulse/Pattern Generator

& 54855A Infiniium Scope, Product Note

· Agilent 81133A/81134A 12 Mbit 5988-9591EN

Extended Pattern Memory, Product Note

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Printed in Germany April 27th 2004

5988-5549EN

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