L6201
L6202 - L6203
DMOS FULL BRIDGE DRIVER
SUPPLYVOLTAGEUP TO 48V
5AMAX PEAK CURRENT (2Amax.forL6201)
TOTALRMS CURRENT UP TO
L6201: 1A;L6202: 1.5A; L6203/L6201PS:4A
RDS (ON) 0.3 (typicalvalue at 25 °C)
CROSSCONDUCTION PROTECTION
TTL COMPATIBLE DRIVE
OPERATING FREQUENCY UP TO 100 KHz
THERMALSHUTDOWN
INTERNAL LOGIC SUPPLY
HIGHEFFICIENCY
DESCRIPTION
The I.C. is a full bridge driver for motor controlap-
plications realized in Multipower-BCD technology
which combinesisolated DMOS power transistors
with CMOS and Bipolar circuits on the same chip.
By using mixed technologyit has been possible to
optimize the logic circuitry and the power stage to
achieve the best possible performance. The
DMOS output transistors can operate at supply
voltages up to 42V and efficiently at high switch-
ing speeds. All the logic inputs are TTL, CMOS
and µC compatible. Each channel (half-bridge) of
the device is controlled by a separate logic input,
while a common enable controls both channels.
The I.C. is mounted in three different packages.
This is advanced information on a new product now in development or undergoing evaluation. Details are subject to change without notice.
July 1997
MULTIPOWER BCD TECHNOLOGY
BLOCK DIAGRAM
ORDERING NUMBERS:
L6201 (SO20)
L6201PS (PowerSO20)
L6202 (Powerdip18)
L6203 (Multiwatt)
SO20 (12+4+4)
Multiwatt11
Powerdip 12+3+3
PowerSO20
1/20
PIN CONNECTIONS (Topview)
SO20
GND
N.C. N.C.
N.C.
OUT2
OUT1
VS
BOOT1
IN1
N.C.
GND 10
8
9
7
6
5
4
3
2
13
14
15
16
17
19
18
20
12
1
11 GND
D95IN216
IN2
BOOT2
SENSE
Vref
ENABLE
N.C.
N.C.
GND
PowerSO20
MULTIWATT11
POWERDIP
L6201 - L6202 - L6203
2/20
PINS FUNCTIONS
Device Name Function
L6201 L6201PS L6202 L6203
1 16 1 10 SENSE A resistor Rsense connected to this pin provides feedback for
motor current control.
2 17 2 11 ENAB
LE When a logic high is present on this pin the DMOS POWER
transistors are enabled to be selectively driven by IN1 and IN2.
3 2,3,9,12,
18,19 3 N.C. Not Connected
4,5 4
6
GND Common Ground Terminal
1, 10 5 GND Common Ground Terminal
6,7 6 GND Common Ground Terminal
8 7 N.C. Not Connected
9481OUT2Ouput of 2nd Half Bridge
10592V
sSupply Voltage
11 6 10 3 OUT1 Output of first Half Bridge
12 7 11 4 BOOT1 A boostrap capacitor connected to this pin ensures efficient
driving of the upper POWER DMOS transistor.
13 8 12 5 IN1 Digital Input from the Motor Controller
14,15 13
6
GND Common Ground Terminal
11, 20 14 GND Common Ground Terminal
16,17 15 GND Common Ground Terminal
18 13 16 7 IN2 Digital Input from the Motor Controller
19 14 17 8 BOOT2 A boostrap capacitor connected to this pin ensures efficient
driving of the upper POWER DMOS transistor.
20 15 18 9 Vref Internal voltage reference. A capacitor from this pin to GND is
recommended. The internal Ref. Voltage can source out a
current of 2mA max.
Symbol Parameter Value Unit
VsPower Supply 52 V
VOD Differential Output Voltage (between Out1 and Out2) 60 V
VIN,V
EN Input or Enable Voltage 0.3 to + 7 V
IoPulsed Output Current for L6201PS/L6202/L6203 (Note 1)
Non Repetitive (< 1 ms) for L6201
for L6201PS/L6202/L6203
DC Output Current for L6201 (Note 1)
5
5
10
1
A
A
A
A
Vsense Sensing Voltage 1 to + 4 V
VbBoostrap Peak Voltage 60 V
Ptot TotalPower Dissipation:
Tpins =90°C for L6201
for L6202
Tcase =90°C for L6201PS/L6203
Tamb =70°C for L6201 (Note 2)
for L6202 (Note 2)
for L6201PS/L6203 (Note 2)
4
5
20
0.9
1.3
2.3
W
W
W
W
W
W
Tstg,T
jStorage and Junction Temperature 40 to + 150 °C
Note 1: Pulse width limitedonly by junction temperatureand transientthermal impedance (see thermal characteristics)
Note 2: Mounted on board with minimized dissipating copper area.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
L6201 - L6202 - L6203
3/20
THERMAL DATA
Symbol Parameter Value Unit
L6201 L6201PS L6202 L6203
Rth j-pins
Rth j-case
Rth j-amb
Thermal Resistance Junction-pins max
Thermal Resistance Junction Case max.
Thermal Resistance Junction-ambient max.
15
85
13 (*)
12
60
3
35 °C/W
(*) Mounted on aluminium substrate.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Refer to the Test Circuits; Tj=25°C, VS= 42V, Vsens = 0, unless
otherwise specified).
Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
VsSupply Voltage 12 36 48 V
Vref Reference Voltage IREF = 2mA 13.5 V
IREF Output Current 2mA
I
sQuiescent Supply Current EN = H VIN =L
EN = H VIN =H
EN = L ( Fig. 1,2,3) IL=0 10
10
8
15
15
15
mA
mA
mA
fcCommutation Frequency (*) 30 100 KHz
TjThermal Shutdown 150 °C
TdDead Time Protection 100 ns
TRANSISTORS
OFF
IDSS Leakage Current Fig. 11 Vs=52V 1 mA
ON
RDS On Resistance Fig. 4,5 0.3 0.55
VDS(ON) Drain Source Voltage Fig. 9
IDS =1A
I
DS = 1.2A
IDS =3A
L6201
L6202
L6201PS/0
3
0.3
0.36
0.9
V
V
V
Vsens Sensing Voltage 1 4 V
SOURCEDRAIN DIODE
Vsd Forward ON Voltage Fig. 6a and b
ISD =1A L6201 EN = L
ISD = 1.2A L6202 EN = L
ISD =3A L6201PS/03 EN =
L
0.9 (**)
0.9 (**)
1.35(**)
V
V
V
trr Reverse Recovery Time dif
dt =25A/
µ
s
I
F=1A
I
F= 1.2A
IF=3A
L6201
L6202
L6203
300 ns
tfr Forward Recovery Time 200 ns
LOGIC LEVELS
VIN L,V
EN L Input Low Voltage 0.3 0.8 V
VIN H,V
EN H Input High Voltage 2 7 V
IIN L,I
EN L Input Low Current VIN,V
EN = L –10 µA
IIN H,I
EN H Input High Current VIN,V
EN =H 30 µA
L6201 - L6202 - L6203
4/20
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Continued)
LOGIC CONTROL TO POWER DRIVE TIMING
Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
t1(Vi) Source Current Turn-off Delay Fig. 12 300 ns
t2(Vi) Source Current Fall Time Fig. 12 200 ns
t3(Vi) Source Current Turn-on Delay Fig. 12 400 ns
t4(Vi) Source Current Rise Time Fig. 12 200 ns
t5(Vi) Sink Current Turn-off Delay Fig. 13 300 ns
t6(Vi) Sink Current Fall Time Fig. 13 200 ns
t7(Vi) Sink Current Turn-on Delay Fig. 13 400 ns
t8(Vi) Sink Current Rise Time Fig. 13 200 ns
(*) Limitedby power dissipation
(**) Insynchronous rectificationthe drain-source voltagedrop VDS is shown in fig.4 (L6202/03);typical valuefor the L6201 is of 0.3V.
Figure 1: TypicalNormalized ISvs.Tj
Figure 3: TypicalNormalized ISvs. VS
Figure2: TypicalNormalized QuiescentCurrent
vs. Frequency
Figure4: TypicalRDS (ON) vs. VS~V
ref
L6201 - L6202 - L6203
5/20
Figure 5: NormalizedRDS (ON)at 25°C vs. TemperatureTypical Values
Figure6b: TypicalDiode Behaviourin Synchro-
nous Rectification (L6201PS/02/03)
Figure7b: TypicalPower Dissipation vs IL
(L6201PS,L6202, L6203))
Figure 6a: TypicalDiode Behaviourin Synchro-
nousRectification(L6201)
Figure 7a: TypicalPowerDissipation vs IL
(L6201)
L6201 - L6202 - L6203
6/20
Figure 8a: TwoPhase Chopping
Figure 8b: One PhaseChopping
Figure 8c: EnableChopping
IN1 = H
IN 2 = H
EN =H
L6201 - L6202 - L6203
7/20
TEST CIRCUITS
Figure 9: SaturationVoltage
Figure 10: QuiescentCurrent
Figure 11: LeakageCurrent
L6201 - L6202 - L6203
8/20
Figure 12: SourceCurrent Delay Times vs. Input Chopper
Figure 13: SinkCurrent Delay Times vs. Input Chopper
42V for L6201PS/02/03
42V for L6201PS/02/03
L6201 - L6202 - L6203
9/20
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The L6201/1PS/2/3 is a monolithic full bridge
switching motor driver realized in the new Mul-
tipower-BCD technologywhich allows the integra-
tion of multiple, isolated DMOS power transistors
plus mixed CMOS/bipolar control circuits. In this
way it has been possible to make all the control
inputs TTL, CMOS and µC compatible and elimi-
nate the necessity of external MOS drive compo-
nents. The Logic Drive is shown in table 1.
Table 1
Inputs Output Mosfets(*)
VEN =H
IN1 IN2
L
L
H
H
L
H
L
H
Sink 1, Sink 2
Sink 1, Source 2
Source 1, Sink 2
Source 1, Source 2
VEN = L X X All transistors turned oFF
L = Low H = High X = DON’t care
(*) Numbers referred to INPUT1or INPUT2 controlled output stages
Although the device guarantees the absence of
cross-conduction, the presence of the intrinsic di-
odes in the POWER DMOS structure causes the
generation of current spikes on the sensing termi-
nals. This is due to charge-discharge phenomena
in the capacitors C1 & C2 associated with the
drain source junctions (fig. 14). When the output
switches from high to low, a current spike is gen-
erated associated with the capacitor C1. On the
low-to-high transition a spike of the same polarity
is generated by C2, preceded by a spike of the
opposite polarity due to the charging of the input
capacity of the lower POWER DMOS transistor
(fig. 15).
TRANSISTOROPERATION
ON State
When one of the POWER DMOS transistor is ON
it can be considered as a resistor RDS (ON)
throughout the recommended operating range. In
this conditionthe dissipatedpower is given by :
PON =R
DS (ON) IDS2(RMS)
The low RDS (ON) of the Multipower-BCD process
can provide high currents with low power dissipa-
tion.
OFF State
When one of the POWER DMOS transistor is
OFF the VDS voltage is equal to the supply volt-
age and only the leakage current IDSS flows. The
power dissipation during this period is given by :
POFF =V
SI
DSS
The power dissipation is very low and is negligible
in comparison to that dissipated in the ON
STATE.
Transitions
As already seen above the transistors have an in-
trinsic diode between their source and drain that
can operate as a fast freewheeling diode in
switched mode applications. During recirculation
with the ENABLE input high, the voltage drop
across the transistor is RDS (ON) IDand when it
reaches the diode forward voltage it is clamped.
When the ENABLE input is low, the POWER
MOS is OFF and the diode carries all of the recir-
culation current. The power dissipated in the tran-
sitional times in the cycle depends upon the volt-
age-current waveforms and in the driving mode.
(see Fig. 7ab and Fig. 8abc).
Ptrans. =I
DS (t) VDS (t)
Figure 14: IntrinsicStructuresin the POWER
DMOS Transistors
Figure15: Current Typical Spikes on the Sens-
ing Pin
L6201 - L6202 - L6203
10/20
Boostrap Capacitors
To ensurethat the POWER DMOS transistorsare
driven correctly gate to source voltage of typ. 10
V must be guaranteed for all of the N-channel
DMOS transistors.This is easy to be provided for
the lower POWER DMOS transistors as their
sources are refered to ground but a gate voltage
greater than the supply voltage is necessary to
drive the upper transistors. This is achievedby an
internal charge pump circuit that guarantees cor-
rect DC drive in combinationwith the boostrap cir-
cuit. For efficient charging the value of the boos-
trap capacitor should be greater than the input
capacitance of the power transistor which is
around 1 nF. It is recommended that a capaci-
tance of at least 10 nF is used for the bootstrap.If
a smaller capacitor is used there is a riskthat the
POWER transistors will not be fully turned on and
they will show a higher RDS (ON). On the other
hand if a elevated value is used it is possible that
a current spike may be produced in the sense re-
sistor.
Reference Voltage
To by-pass the internal Ref. Volt. circuit it is rec-
ommendedthat a capacitorbe placed between its
pin and ground. A value of 0.22 µF should be suf-
ficient for most applications. This pin is also pro-
tected against a short circuit to ground: a max.
current of 2mA max.can be sinked out.
Dead Time
To protect the device against simultaneous con-
duction in both arms of the bridge resulting in a
rail to rail short circuit, the integrated logic control
provides a dead time greaterthan 40 ns.
Thermal Protection
A thermal protection circuit has been included
that will disable the device if the junctiontempera-
ture reaches150 °C. When the temperature has
fallen to a safe level the device restarts the input
and enable signals under control.
APPLICATION INFORMATION
Recirculation
During recirculation with the ENABLE input high,
the voltage drop across the transistor is RDS
(ON)IL, clamped at a voltage depending on the
characteristics of the source-drain diode. Al-
though the device is protected against cross con-
duction, current spikes can appear on the current
sense pin due to charge/dischargephenomenain
the intrinsic source drain capacitances. In the ap-
plication this does not cause any problem be-
cause the voltage spike generated on the sense
resistoris masked by the current controller circuit.
Rise Time Tr(See Fig. 16)
When a diagonal of the bridge is turned on cur-
rent begins to flow in the inductive load until the
maximum current ILis reached after a time Tr.
The dissipatedenergy EOFF/ON is in thiscase :
EOFF/ON =[R
DS (ON)
IL2
Tr]2/3
Load Time TLD (See Fig.16)
During this time the energy dissipated is due to
the ON resistanceof thetransistors(ELD) and due
to commutation (ECOM). As two of the POWER
DMOS transistorsare ON, EON is given by :
ELD =I
L
2R
DS (ON)
2TLD
In the commutationthe energydissipated is :
ECOM =V
S
I
L
T
COM
fSWITCH
TLD
Where :
TCOM =T
TURN-ON =TTURN-OFF
fSWITCH = Chopping frequency.
Fall Time Tf(See Fig. 16)
It is assumed that the energy dissipated in this
part of the cycle takes the same form as that
shownfor the rise time :
EON/OFF =[R
DS (ON)
IL2Tf]2/3
Figure 16.
L6201 - L6202 - L6203
11/20
Quiescent Energy
The last contribution to the energy dissipation is
dueto thequiescentsupplycurrentand is givenby:
EQUIESCENT =I
QUIESCENT VsT
Total Energy Per Cycle
ETOT =E
OFF/ON +E
LD +E
COM +
+E
ON/OFF +E
QUIESCENT
The TotalPower DissipationPDIS is simply:
PDIS =E
TOT/T
Tr= Risetime
TLD = Load drive time
Tf=Fall time
Td= Deadtime
T = Period
T=T
r+T
LD +T
f+T
d
DC Motor Speed Control
Since the I.C. integratesa full H-Bridge in a single
package it is idealy suited for controlling DC mo-
tors. When used for DC motor control it performs
the power stage required for both speed and di-
rection control. The device can be combined with
a current regulator like the L6506 to implement a
transconductance amplifier for speed control, as
shown in figure 17. In this particular configuration
only half of the L6506 is used and the other half
of the device may be used to control a second
motor.
The L6506 senses the voltage across the sense
resistor RSto monitor the motor current: it com-
pares the sensed voltage both to control the
speedand duringthe brakeof the motor.
Betweenthe sense resistor and each sense input
of the L6506 a resistor is recommended; if the
connections between the outputs of the L6506
and the inputs of the L6203 need a long path, a
resistor must be added between each input of the
L6203 and ground.
A snubber network made by the seriesof R and C
must be foreseen very near to the output pins of
the I.C.; one diode (BYW98) is connected be-
tween each power output pin and ground as well.
The following formulas can be used to calculate
the snubbervalues:
RVS/lp
C=l
p
/(dV/dt)where:
VSis the maximum Supply Voltage foreseen on
the application;
Ipis the peak of the load current;
dv/dt is the limited rise time of the output voltage
(200V/µs is generallyused).
If the Power Supply Cannot Sink Current, a suit-
able large capacitor must be used and connected
near the supply pin of the L6203. Sometimes a
capacitorat pin 17 of the L6506 let the application
better work. For motor current up to 2A max., the
L6202 can be used in a similar circuit configura-
tion for which a typical Supply Voltage of 24V is
recommended.
Figure 17: BidirectionalDC MotorControl
L6201 - L6202 - L6203
12/20
BIPOLAR STEPPERMOTORS APPLICATIONS
Bipolar stepper motors can be driven with one
L6506 or L297, two full bridge BCD drivers and
very few external components. Together these
three chips form a complete microprocessor-to-
stepper motor interfaceis realized.
As shown in Fig. 18 and Fig. 19, the controller
connect directly to the two bridge BCD drivers.
External componentare minimalized: an R.C. net-
work to set the chopper frequency, a resistive di-
vider (R1; R2) to establish the comparator refer-
ence voltage and a snubber network made by R
and C in series (See DC Motor Speed Control).
Figure19: Two PhaseBipolar StepperMotor Control Circuit with Chopper Current Controland Translator
Figure 18: TwoPhase Bipolar StepperMotor ControlCircuit with Chopper Current Control
L6201
L6201PS
L6202
L6203
L6201
L6201PS
L6202
L6203
L6201
L6201PS
L6202
L6203
L6201
L6201PS
L6202
L6203
L6201 - L6202 - L6203
13/20
It could be requested to drive a motor at VSlower
than the minimum recommended one of 12V
(See Electrical Characteristics); in this case, by
accepting a possible small increas in the RDS (ON)
resistance of the power output transistors at the
lowest Supply Voltage value, may be a good solu-
tion the one shown in Fig. 20.
THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS
Thanks to the high efficiency of this device, often
a true heatsink is not needed or it is simply ob-
tained by means of a copper side on the P.C.B.
(L6201/2).
Under heavy conditions, the L6203 needs a suit-
able cooling.
By using two square copper sides in a similar way
as it shown in Fig. 23, Fig. 21 indicates how to
choose the on board heatsink area when the
L6201 totalpower dissipation is known since:
RTh j-amb =(T
j max. –T
amb max)/P
tot
Figure 22 shows the Transient Thermal Resis-
tance vs. a single pulse time width.
Figure 23 and 24 referto the L6202.
For the Multiwatt L6203 addition information is
given by Figure 25 (Thermal Resistance Junction-
Ambient vs. Total Power Dissipation) and Figure
26 (Peak Transient Thermal Resistance vs. Re-
petitive Pulse Width) while Figure 27 refersto the
single pulse Transient ThermalResistance.
Figure 20: L6201/1P/2/3Used at a Supply Volt-
age Range Between 9 and 18V
Figure21: TypicalRTh J-amb vs. ”On Board”
HeatsinkArea (L6201)
Figure22: TypicalTransientRTH in SinglePulse
Condition(L6201)
Figurre23: TypicalRTh J-amb vs. Two ”On Board”
Square Heatsink (L6202)
L6201
L6201PS
L6202
L6203
L6201 - L6202 - L6203
14/20
Figure 24: TypicalTransient ThermalResistance
for Single Pulses (L6202) Figure25: TypicalRTh J-amb of Multiwatt
Packagevs. Total Power Dissipation
Figure 26: TypicalTransientThermal Resistance
for Single Pulses with and without
Heatsink(L6203)
Figure27: TypicalTransientThermal Resistance
versusPulse Width and Duty Cycle
(L6203)
L6201 - L6202 - L6203
15/20
POWERDIP18 PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA
DIM. mm inch
MIN. TYP. MAX. MIN. TYP. MAX.
a1 0.51 0.020
B 0.85 1.40 0.033 0.055
b 0.50 0.020
b1 0.38 0.50 0.015 0.020
D 24.80 0.976
E 8.80 0.346
e 2.54 0.100
e3 20.32 0.800
F 7.10 0.280
I 5.10 0.201
L 3.30 0.130
Z 2.54 0.100
L6201 - L6202 - L6203
16/20
SO20 PACKAGEMECHANICAL DATA
DIM. mm inch
MIN. TYP. MAX. MIN. TYP. MAX.
A 2.65 0.104
a1 0.1 0.3 0.004 0.012
a2 2.45 0.096
b 0.35 0.49 0.014 0.019
b1 0.23 0.32 0.009 0.013
C 0.5 0.020
c1 45 (typ.)
D 12.6 13.0 0.496 0.512
E 10 10.65 0.394 0.419
e 1.27 0.050
e3 11.43 0.450
F 7.4 7.6 0.291 0.299
L 0.5 1.27 0.020 0.050
M 0.75 0.030
S 8 (max.)
L6201 - L6202 - L6203
17/20
e
a2 A
Ea1
PSO20MEC
DETAILA
T
D
110
1120
E1
E2
hx45°
DETAILA
lead
slug
a3
S
Gage Plane 0.35
L
DETAILB
R
DETAILB
(COPLANARITY)
GC
-C-
SEATING PLANE
e3
b
c
NN
PowerSO20PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA
DIM. mm inch
MIN. TYP. MAX. MIN. TYP. MAX.
A 3.60 0.1417
a1 0.10 0.30 0.0039 0.0118
a2 3.30 0.1299
a3 0 0.10 0 0.0039
b 0.40 0.53 0.0157 0.0209
c 0.23 0.32 0.009 0.0126
D (1) 15.80 16.00 0.6220 0.6299
E 13.90 14.50 0.5472 0.570
e 1.27 0.050
e3 11.43 0.450
E1 (1) 10.90 11.10 0.4291 0.437
E2 2.90 0.1141
G 0 0.10 0 0.0039
h 1.10
L 0.80 1.10 0.0314 0.0433
N10
°
(max.)
S8
°
(max.)
T 10.0 0.3937
(1) ”D and E1” do not include mold flashor protrusions
- Moldflashor protrusions shall not exceed 0.15mm (0.006”)
L6201 - L6202 - L6203
18/20
MULTIWATT11 PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA
DIM. mm inch
MIN. TYP. MAX. MIN. TYP. MAX.
A 5 0.197
B 2.65 0.104
C 1.6 0.063
D 1 0.039
E 0.49 0.55 0.019 0.022
F 0.88 0.95 0.035 0.037
G 1.57 1.7 1.83 0.062 0.067 0.072
G1 16.87 17 17.13 0.664 0.669 0.674
H1 19.6 0.772
H2 20.2 0.795
L 21.5 22.3 0.846 0.878
L1 21.4 22.2 0.843 0.874
L2 17.4 18.1 0.685 0.713
L3 17.25 17.5 17.75 0.679 0.689 0.699
L4 10.3 10.7 10.9 0.406 0.421 0.429
L7 2.65 2.9 0.104 0.114
M 4.1 4.3 4.5 0.161 0.169 0.177
M1 4.88 5.08 5.3 0.192 0.200 0.209
S 1.9 2.6 0.075 0.102
S1 1.9 2.6 0.075 0.102
Dia1 3.65 3.85 0.144 0.152
L6201 - L6202 - L6203
19/20
Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics assumes no responsibility for the
consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No
license is granted by implicationor otherwise under any patent or patent rights of SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics. Specification mentioned
in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. SGS-
THOMSON Microelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express
written approval of SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics.
1997SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics Printed in Italy AllRights Reserved
SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES
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L6201 - L6202 - L6203
20/20