Si5347/46
Preliminary Rev. 0.9 23
when an input clock suddenly fails. The holdover circuit
for each DSPLL stores up to 120 seconds of historical
frequency data while locked to a valid clock input. The
final averaged holdover frequency value is calculated
from a programmable window within the stored
historical frequency data. Both the window size and
delay are programmable as shown in Figure 7. The
window size determines the amount of holdover
frequency averaging. The delay value allows ignoring
frequency data that may be corrupt just before the input
clock failure.
Figure 7. Programmable Holdover Window
When entering holdover, a DSPLL will pull its output
clock frequency to the calculated averaged holdover
frequency. While in holdover, the output frequency drift
is entirely dependent on the external crystal or external
reference clock connected to the XA/XB pins. If the
clock input becomes valid, a DSPLL will automatically
exit the holdover mode and reacquire lock to the new
input clock. This process involves pulling the output
clock frequencies to achieve frequency and phase lock
with the input clock. This pull-in process is glitchless,
and its rate is controlled by the DSPLL bandwidth, the
Fastlock bandwidth, or an artificial linear ramp rate
selectable from 0.75 ppm/s up to 40 ppm/s. These
options are register programmable.
4.4. Digitally-Controlled Oscillator (DCO)
Mode
The DSPLLs support a DCO mode where their output
frequencies are adjustable in predefined steps defined
by frequency step words (FSW). The frequency
adjustments are controlled through the serial interface
or by pin control using frequency increments (FINC) or
decrements (FDEC). A FINC will add the frequency step
word to the DSPLL output frequency, while a FDEC will
decrement it. The DCO mode is available when the
DSPLL is operating in either free-running or locked
mode. Controlling The DCO Mode Using The Serial
Interface
4.5. External Reference (XA/XB)
An external crystal (XTAL) is used in combination with
the internal oscillator (OSC) to produce an ultra low jitter
reference clock for the DSPLLs and for providing a
stable reference for the free-run and holdover modes. A
simplified diagram is shown in Figure 8. The device
includes internal XTAL loading capacitors which
eliminates the need for external capacitors and also has
the benefit of reduced noise coupling from external
sources. Refer to Table 11 for crystal specifications. A
crystal in the range of 48 to 5 4 MHz is recommended for
best jitter performance. Frequency offsets due to CL
mismatch can be adjusted using the frequency
adjustment fe ature which allo ws frequency ad justments
of ±200 ppm. The Si5347/46 Family Reference Manual
provides additional information on PCB layout
recommendations for the crystal to ensure optimum
jitter performance.
The device can also accommodate an external
reference clock (REFCLK) instead of a crystal.
Selection between the external XTAL or REFCLK is
controlled by register configuration. The internal crystal
loading capacitors (CL) are disabled in this mode. Refer
to Table 3 for REFCLK requirements when using this
mode. The Si5347/46 Family Reference Manual
provides additional information on PCB layout
recommendations for the crystal to ensure optimum
jitter performance. A PREF divider is available to
accommodate external clock frequencies higher than
54 MHz. Although the REFCLK frequency range of
25 MHz to 200 MHz is supported, frequencies in the
range of 48 MHz to 54 MHz will achieve the best output
jitter performance.
Programmable delay
Clock Failure and
Entry into Ho ldover
time
0s
Historical Frequency Data Collected
Programmable historical data window
used to determine the final holdover value
120s 1s,10s, 30s, 60s 30ms, 60ms, 1s,10s, 30s, 60s