R
A6250
Copyright © 2004, EM Microelectronic-Marin SA 6 www.emmicroelectronic.com
Pin Description
Pin Name Function
2 EN Push-pull active low enable output
3 RES Open drain active low reset output.
RES must be pulled up to VOUTPUT
even if unused
4 TCL Watchdog timer clear input signal
5 VSS GND terminal
12 INPUT Voltage regulator input
13 OUTPUT Voltage regulator output
14 R REXT input for RC oscillator tuning
15 VIN Voltage comparator input Table 5
Functional Description
Voltage Regulator
The A6250 has a 5 V ± 2%, 250 mA, low dropout voltage
regulator. The low supply current (typ.155 µA) makes the
A6250 particularly suited to automotive systems then remain
energized 24 hours a day. The input voltage range is 2.3 V
to 40 V for operation and the input protection includes both
reverse battery (20 V below ground) and load dump
(positive transients up to 60 V). There is no reverse current
flow from the OUTPUT to the INPUT when the INPUT
equals VSS. This feature is important for systems which
need to implement (with capacitance) a minimum power
supply hold-up time in the event of power failure. To achieve
good load regulation a 22 µF capacitor (or greater) is
needed on the INPUT (see Fig. 8). Tantalum or aluminium
electrolytics are adequate for the 22 µF capacitor; film types
will work but are relatively expensive. Many aluminium
electrolytics have electrolytes that freeze at about –30 °C,
so tantalums are recommended for operation below –25 °C.
The important parameters of the 22 µF capacitor are an
effective series resistance of ≤ 5 Ω and a resonant
frequency above 500 kHz.
A 10 µF capacitor (or greater) and a 100 nF capacitor are
required on the OUTPUT to prevent oscillations due to
instability. The specification of the 10 µF capacitor is as per
the 22 µF capacitor on the INPUT (see previous paragraph).
The A6250 will remain stable and in regulation with no
external load and the dropout voltage is typically constant as
the input voltage fall to below its minimum level (see Table
2). These features are especially important in CMOS RAM
keep-alive applications.
Care must be taken not to exceed the maximum junction
temperature (+ 125 °C). The power dissipation within the
A6250 is given by the formula:
PTOTAL = (VINPUT – VOUTPUT) * IOUTPUT + (VINPUT) * ISS
The maximum continuous power dissipation at a given
temperature can be calculated using the formula:
P
MAX = ( 125 °C – TA) / Rth(j-a)
where Rth(j-a) is the thermal resistance from the junction to
the ambient and is specified in Table 2. Note the Rth(j-a)
given in Table 2 assumes that the package is soldered to a
PCB. The above formula for maximum power dissipation
assumes a constant load (ie.≥100 s). The transient thermal
resistance for a single pulse is much lower than the
continuous value.
VIN Monitoring
The power-on reset and the power-down reset are
generated as a response to the external voltage level
applied on the VIN input. The external voltage level is
typically obtained from a voltage divider as shown on Fig. 8.
The user uses the external voltage divider to set the desired
threshold level for power-on reset and power-down reset in
his system. The internal comparator reference voltage is
typically 1.52 V.
At power-up the reset output (RES ) is held low (see Fig. 4).
After INPUT reaches 3.36 V (and so OUTPUT reaches at
least 3 V) and VIN becomes greater than VREF, the RES
output is held low for an additional power-on-reset (POR)
delay which is equal to the watchdog time TWD (typically 100
ms with an external resistor of 123 kΩ connected at R pin).
The POR delay prevents repeated toggling of RES even if
VIN and the INPUT voltage drops out and recovers. The
POR delay allows the microprocessor’s crystal oscillator
time to start and stabilize and ensures correct recognition of
the reset signal to the micr opr ocessor.
The RES output goes active low generating the power-
down reset whenever VIN falls below VREF. The sensitivity or
reaction time of the internal comparator to the vol-tage level
on VIN is typically 5 µs.
Timer Programming
The on-chip oscillator with an external resistor REXT
connected between the R pin and VSS (see Fig. 8) allows
the user to adjust the power-on reset (POR) delay,
watchdog time TWD and with this also the closed and open
time windows as well as the watchdog reset pulse width
(TWD/40).
With REXT = 123 kΩ typical values are:
-Power-on reset delay: TPOR is 100 ms
-Watchdog time: TWD is 100 ms
-Closed window: TCW is 80 ms
-Open window: TOW is 40 ms
-Watchdog reset: TWDR is 2.5 ms
Note the current consumption increases as the frequency
increases.